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class=\"textAlignCenter\"><img class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/w1080_h451_q90_webp\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2021_16\/F634A768CE424D26DAEECA84BECBE541FF549FCD_size45_w1080_h451.jpg\" data-lazyload=\"https:\/\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2021_16\/F634A768CE424D26DAEECA84BECBE541FF549FCD_size45_w1080_h451.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u65af\u5766\u798f\u76d1\u72f1\u5b9e\u9a8c\u300b\uff082015\uff09\u5267\u7167<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u548c\u672a\u6765\u7684\u8c08\u8bdd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7d20\u4e0d\u76f8\u8bc6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u8fc7\u5f7c\u6b64\uff1a\u4f60\u51fa\u53bb\u4ee5\u540e\u6253\u7b97\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4f60\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u5b66\u6821\u7684\uff0c\u5b66\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e13\u4e1a\uff1f\u4f60\u4eca\u5e74\u590f\u5929\u505a\u4e86\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u672c\u90fd\u662f\u7ed3\u8bc6\u67d0\u4eba\u65f6\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u804a\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u3002\u201c\u56da\u72af\u201d\u4eec\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u53e4\u602a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u628a\u8fd9\u6bb5\u76d1\u72f1\u7ecf\u5386\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u7cdf\u7cd5\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u6781\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\u3002\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u72ec\u81ea\u4e00\u4eba\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e7b\u60f3\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u54e6\uff0c\u7b49\u6211\u62ff\u5230\u53c2\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u62a5\u916c\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u53bb\u5e72\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e70\u90a3\u4e2a\u3002\u201d\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u5168\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6211\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u597d\u5947\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u4f55\u8981\u5185\u9690\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u89c2\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5373\u4eba\u4eec\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u8fc7\u5206\u5173\u6ce8\u8fc7\u53bb\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u6216\u672a\u6765\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u5bf9\u751f\u6d3b\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6211\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u300a\u6d25\u5df4\u591a\u65f6\u95f4\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\uff08The Time Paradox\uff09\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u89c2\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5c55\u5f00\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u65f6\u95f4\u89c2\u8fd0\u52a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6709\u7740\u51e0\u767e\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u6d25\u5df4\u591a\u65f6\u95f4\u89c2\u91cf\u8868\u201d\uff08Zimbardo&#8217;s Time Perspective Inventory\uff0cZTPI\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u89c2\u4e2a\u4f53\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u4fe1\u6548\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u5f00\u59cb\u4e8e1972\u5e74\u7684\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u4eca\u5929\u4f9d\u7136\u52bf\u5934\u5f3a\u52b2\u3002\u5728\u8bf4\u56de\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u63d0\u5230\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u6210\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9ed1\u5c3c\u3001\u73ed\u514b\u65af\u548c\u6211\u53ea\u5199\u4e86\u4e24\u4e09\u7bc7\u5c0f\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u6f14\u793a\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u65af\u5766\u5229\u00b7\u7c73\u5c14\u683c\u62c9\u59c6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u8ddf\u8fdb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u65af\u5766\u798f\u76d1\u72f1\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u5a01\u547d\u4ee4\u201c\u72f1\u8b66\u201d\u505a\u574f\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\uff1a\u4f60\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u8feb\u4f7f\u4f60\u901a\u8fc7\u505a\u574f\u4e8b\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u81ea\u5df1\u63a7\u5236\u201c\u56da\u72af\u201d\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002\u89d2\u8272\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a\u4ece\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5230\u76d1\u72f1\u4e3b\u7ba1\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u5230\u65af\u5766\u798f\u76d1\u72f1\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5929\uff0c\u76d1\u72f1\u91cc\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u7740\u620f\u5267\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5173\u952e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u57288612\u53f7\u201c\u56da\u72af\u201d\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u5e15\u6d1b\u963f\u5c14\u6258\u8b66\u65b9\u902e\u6355\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u572836\u5c0f\u65f6\u540e\u60c5\u7eea\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u4ed6\u5927\u58f0\u5c16\u53eb\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u5931\u63a7\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u5341\u5206\u9707\u60ca\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6211\u7684\u987e\u95ee\u5361\u6d1b\u00b7\u666e\u96f7\u65af\u79d1\u7279\u4ecd\u7136\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u72f1\u8b66\u201d\u4eec\u5bf9\u5f85\u201c\u56da\u72af\u201d\u592a\u5bbd\u5bb9\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u8fd8\u63d0\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u786c\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u76d1\u72f1\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u7528\u8b66\u68cd\u6572\u56da\u72af\u7684\u8111\u58f3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u72f1\u8b66\u793a\u5f31\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u56da\u72af\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u5f85\u9047\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u56da\u72af\u54ed\u4e86\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u662f\u5a18\u5a18\u8154\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e00\u8d77\u6b3a\u8d1f\u4ed6\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"textAlignCenter\"><strong>02<\/strong><\/p>\n<p 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2f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u5728\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u3002\u201d\u80fd\u591f\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u5206\u4eab\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u611f\u89c9\u5f88\u597d\u3002\u4e24\u5468\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u8bf7\u4e86\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5f55\u50cf\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u53bb\u51e0\u5468\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\u7684\u5f55\u50cf\u5e26\u662f16\u6beb\u7c73\u7684\u5b89\u57f9\u80f6\u7247\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6f14\u793a\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd8\u8981\u7f16\u8f91\u5e7b\u706f\u7247\u548c\u526a\u8f91\u5f55\u97f3\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u67096\u4f4d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u627e\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u300a\u5e74\u4ee3\u8bb0\u300b\uff08Chronolog\uff09\u5bf9\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u76ee\u662f\u300a60\u5206\u949f\u300b\uff0860 Minutes\uff09\u7684\u524d\u8eab\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6444\u5236\u7ec4\u6765\u5230\u65af\u5766\u798f\u7684\u5730\u4e0b\u5ba4\u548c\u6211\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u3001\u51e0\u540d\u201c\u56da\u72af\u201d\u548c\u201c\u72f1\u8b66\u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u62cd\u6444\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"textAlignCenter\"><img class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/w179_h275_ablur_q90_webp\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2021_16\/CCA8CC5103818A15E5E12FF7FB6DC10C6B66C9DC_size67_w179_h275.png\" data-lazyload=\"https:\/\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2021_16\/CCA8CC5103818A15E5E12FF7FB6DC10C6B66C9DC_size67_w179_h275.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u8def\u897f\u6cd5\u6548\u5e94\uff1a\u597d\u4eba\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u53d8\u6210\u6076\u9b54\u7684\u300b\uff0c[\u7f8e]\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u00b7\u6d25\u5df4\u591a \u8457\uff0c\u5b59\u4f69\u598f\/\u9648\u96c5\u99a8 \u8bd1\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u00b7\u8bfb\u4e66\u00b7\u65b0\u77e5\u4e09\u8054\u4e66\u5e97\uff0c2010\u5e743\u6708<\/p>\n<p>\u540e\u6765\u8282\u76ee\u64ad\u51fa\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u5927\u7ea6\u662f1971\u5e7410\u6708\u3002\u5c31\u57281971\u5e748\u670820\u65e5\u2014\u2014\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\uff0c\u5728\u5723\u6606\u5ef7\uff08San Quentin\uff09\u76d1\u72f1\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u56da\u72af\u66b4\u52a8\u3002\u636e\u8bf4\u662f\u975e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u6770\u514b\u900a\uff08George Jackson\uff09\u7b56\u5212\u4e866\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u76d1\u7981\u7684\u72f1\u53cb\u8d8a\u72f1\u3002\u4ed6\u6709\u4e00\u652f\u67aa\u3001\u4e00\u628a\u94a5\u5319\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u5355\u72ec\u76d1\u7981\u7684\u56da\u72af\u4eec\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6740\u5bb3\u4e86\u51e0\u540d\u72f1\u8b66\uff0c\u8fd8\u6740\u5bb3\u4e86\u88ab\u5355\u72ec\u76d1\u7981\u7684\u56da\u72af\u4e2d\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u544a\u5bc6\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u636e\u8bf4\u540e\u6765\u6770\u514b\u900a\u8bd5\u56fe\u9003\u8dd1\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u767d\u5929\u6500\u722c\u4e00\u5ea79\u7c73\u591a\u9ad8\u7684\u56f4\u5899\u65f6\u88ab\u5c04\u6740\u3002\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u6210\u4e86\u70ed\u70b9\u65b0\u95fb\uff0c\u800c\u5723\u6606\u5ef7\u76d1\u72f1\u7684\u5178\u72f1\u957f\u5e15\u514b\u65af\uff08Parks\uff09\u5728\u5f53\u665a\u63a5\u53d7\u91c7\u8bbf\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb0\u8005\u95ee\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u5426\u8ddf\u56da\u72af\u7684\u53bb\u4e2a\u4f53\u5316\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u90a3\u4e2a\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u91cc\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff1f\u201d\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u80e1\u626f\uff01\u4ed6\u4eec\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u5e74\u4ee3\u8bb0\u300b\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u901a\u8baf\u8bb0\u8005\u6b63\u597d\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u90a3\u5219\u65b0\u95fb\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u8054\u7cfb\u4e86\u6211\uff1a\u201c\u563f\uff0c\u4f60\u6709\u5f55\u50cf\u5417\uff1f\u201d\u6211\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5f53\u7136\u6709\u3002\u201d\u4e8e\u662f\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a10\u6708\uff0c\u8282\u76ee\u4e2d\u64ad\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb520\u5206\u949f\u7684\u5f55\u50cf\uff0c\u9898\u4e3a\u201c819\u53f7\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4ef6\u574f\u4e8b\u201d\uff0c\u5448\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u72f1\u8b66\u201d\u5f3a\u8feb\u201c\u56da\u72af\u201d\u4eec\u53cd\u590d\u7edf\u4e00\u558a\u53eb\u7684\u60c5\u666f\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u65c1\u767d\u7684\u662f\u5927\u540d\u9f0e\u9f0e\u7684\u514b\u91cc\u592b\u987f\u00b7\u52a0\u91cc\u514b\u00b7\u5384\u7279\u5229\uff08Clifton Garrick Utley\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u70ae\u800c\u7ea2\u3002\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d1\u751f\u57288\u670820\u65e5\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u7684\u963f\u8482\u5361\uff08Attica\uff09\u76d1\u72f1\uff0c\u56da\u72af\u4eec\u7531\u4e8e\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u6770\u514b\u900a\u88ab\u6740\u800c\u66b4\u52a8\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u90a3\u6240\u76d1\u72f1\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u8fbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u6708\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u6210\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u65b0\u95fb\u3002\u540d\u6d41\u4eec\u4e5f\u5377\u5165\u6b64\u4e8b\uff0c\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5dde\u5dde\u957f\u7eb3\u5c14\u900a\u00b7\u6d1b\u514b\u83f2\u52d2\uff08Nelson Rockefeller\uff09\u52a8\u7528\u5dde\u8b66\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6740\u6b7b\u4e86\u56f4\u5899\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4eba\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u56da\u72af\u8fd8\u662f\u72f1\u8b66\u3002\u76d1\u72f1\u6210\u4e86\u70ed\u95e8\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u53d7\u9080\u524d\u5f80\u534e\u76db\u987f\uff0c\u5411\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u53f8\u6cd5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bc1\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd8\u53bb\u4e86\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5bf9\u76d1\u72f1\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u4eba\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u6211\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5723\u6606\u5ef7\u7684\u5178\u72f1\u957f\u3001\u963f\u8482\u5361\u7684\u5178\u72f1\u957f\u3001\u56da\u72af\u8054\u76df\u7684\u9886\u8896\u3001\u72f1\u8b66\u8054\u76df\u7684\u9886\u8896\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u90fd\u719f\u77e5\u76d1\u72f1\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u5374\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u77e5\u3002\u6211\u53ea\u662f\u4ece\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u6211\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u5173\u6211\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u5e7b\u706f\u7247\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u505a\u4e2a\u94fa\u57ab\u3002\u201d\u5728\u770b\u4e86\u5e7b\u706f\u7247\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u4ece\u5934\u5230\u5c3e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8bf4\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u6b63\u5982\u6d25\u5df4\u591a\u76d1\u72f1\u91cc\u7684\u2018\u72f1\u8b66\u2019\u6240\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u53bb\u4e2a\u4f53\u5316\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u8bf4\u662f\u65af\u5766\u798f\u76d1\u72f1\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8bf4\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u611f\u89c9\u592a\u68d2\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u4e66\u9762\u8bc1\u8bcd\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u6211\u5bf9\u76d1\u72f1\u6539\u9769\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u8fd9\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u6211\u8fd8\u7559\u6709\u5b58\u6863\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u63a8\u52a8\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6539\u9769\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5230\u4e862016\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u76d1\u72f1\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u5df2\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7200\u4e07\u7684\u56da\u72af\u670d\u5211\uff0c\u8fd9\u771f\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u60b2\u54c0\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u57281971\u5e74\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5927\u7ea6\u662f70\u4e07\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ee4\u6211\u5f88\u5403\u60ca\u4e86\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76d1\u7981\u4e4b\u56fd\u3002\u6211\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u6234\u7ef4\u65af\u5206\u6821\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u53c2\u52a0\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8bf4\u5728\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u53bf\u76d1\u72f1\u91cc\u5173\u7740\u4e24\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u65cf\u88d4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u88d4\u548c\u975e\u88d4\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u906d\u5230\u902e\u6355\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba1\u5224\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6848\u4ef6\u5927\u91cf\u79ef\u538b\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u751a\u81f3\u8981\u5728\u76d1\u72f1\u91cc\u7b49\u4e0a\u4e09\u56db\u4e2a\u6708\u3002\u7262\u623f\u4eba\u6ee1\u4e3a\u60a3\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4e24\u4eba\u95f4\u91cc\u4f4f\u4e8610\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e43\u81f3\u66f4\u591a\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5d29\u6e83\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u771f\u6b63\u5173\u5fc3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u4e4e\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u76d1\u72f1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u6bcf\u5e74\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u8d39\u7eb3\u7a0e\u4eba\u51e0\u5341\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u5dde\u6b63\u5728\u628a\u76d1\u72f1\u7cfb\u7edf\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u3002\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u76d1\u72f1\u662f\u8981\u8425\u5229\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u5ea7\u7528\u4e8e\u8425\u5229\u7684\u76d1\u72f1\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u201c\u5ba2\u6237\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u56da\u72af\u3002\u76d1\u72f1\u6240\u6709\u8005\u5411\u6cd5\u5b98\u548c\u7acb\u6cd5\u673a\u5173\u65bd\u538b\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u505a\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u3001\u5211\u671f\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u3002\u76d1\u72f1\u91cc\u7684\u4f19\u98df\u5f88\u5dee\uff0c\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e5f\u6781\u5c11\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u60f3\u6d6a\u8d39\u94b1\u3002\u5883\u51b5\u771f\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"textAlignCenter\"><img class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/w1024_h576_q90_webp\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2021_16\/5F3CFE485A6497F1E1D4315DCF1CD50424FB7897_size133_w1024_h576.jpg\" data-lazyload=\"https:\/\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2021_16\/5F3CFE485A6497F1E1D4315DCF1CD50424FB7897_size133_w1024_h576.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u5267\u300a\u8d8a\u72f1\u300b\uff082005\uff09\u5267\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u72f1\u8b66\u7406\u5e94\u638c\u63e1\u81ea\u8eab\u6240\u5904\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u3001\u5b66\u4f1a\u5e94\u5bf9\u968f\u65f6\u968f\u5730\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u56da\u72af\u6740\u6b7b\u7684\u90a3\u4efd\u6050\u60e7\uff0c\u5374\u4ece\u672a\u8003\u8651\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5956\u52b1\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72f1\u8b66\u8d1f\u8d23\u51e0\u540d\u56da\u72af\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6bcf\u5929\u8868\u73b0\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u72f1\u8b66\u5c31\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u5956\u52b1\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u72f1\u8b66\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u56da\u72af\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u597d\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53bb\u60e9\u7f5a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u574f\u884c\u4e3a\u4e86\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u5c31\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u5165\u4efb\u4f55\u76d1\u72f1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u662f\u5426\u8db3\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u53f8\u6cd5\u77eb\u6b63\u4f53\u7cfb\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u4fe1\u5fc3\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u76d1\u72f1\u548c\u519b\u961f\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u6240\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba8\u8bba\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u519b\u961f\u4e2d\u7684SERE\u9879\u76ee\uff08Survival, Evasion, Resistance, andEscape\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u751f\u5b58\u3001\u8eb2\u907f\u3001\u62b5\u6297\u3001\u9003\u8131\u201d\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u652f\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u90fd\u6709\u9003\u8131\u8ba1\u5212\u8fd9\u5802\u8bfe\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u58eb\u5175\u626e\u6f14\u8bd5\u56fe\u9003\u8dd1\u7684\u4fd8\u864f\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u626e\u6f14\u72f1\u8b66\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u89c2\u770b\u6211\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u7eaa\u5f55\u7247\u300a\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u6124\u6012\uff1a\u65af\u5766\u798f\u76d1\u72f1\u5b9e\u9a8c\u300b\uff08Quiet Rage: TheStanford Prison Experiment\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8b66\u793a\uff1a\u5c3d\u7ba1\u662f\u5728\u505a\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8d8a\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u786e\u4f1a\u8650\u5f85\u201c\u4fd8\u864f\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u6218\u4e89\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u542f\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u636e\u8bf4\u5f53\u65f6\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u88ab\u4fd8\u7684\u7f8e\u519b\u58eb\u5175\u6cc4\u5bc6\u4e86\u3002\u6309\u7167\u519b\u961f\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u9664\u4e86\u540d\u5b57\u3001\u519b\u8854\u3001\u7f16\u53f7\u4ee5\u5916\u5e94\u8be5\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f46\u636e\u4f20\uff0c\u7a7a\u519b\u4e2d\u771f\u7684\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u6cc4\u9732\u673a\u5bc6\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u53f0\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u56fd\u5bb6\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u519b\u4e8b\u673a\u6784\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u9646\u519b\u3001\u6d77\u519b\u548c\u7a7a\u519b\u58eb\u5175\u4e25\u5b88\u673a\u5bc6\u3002\u58eb\u5175\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u89d2\u8272\u626e\u6f14\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u4e00\u573a\u975e\u5e38\u903c\u771f\u7684\u5ba1\u8baf\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u6709\u4e9b\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8d8a\u8fc7\u4e86\u754c\u9650\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u573a\u201c\u6e38\u620f\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5973\u5175\u9669\u4e9b\u906d\u53d7\u6027\u8650\u5f85\u3002\u5bf9\u65af\u5766\u798f\u76d1\u72f1\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u6211\u4ece\u540c\u884c\u90a3\u91cc\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u5373\u65f6\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u53ea\u5199\u4e86\u51e0\u7bc7\u4e13\u4e1a\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5199\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u4e00\u6240\u76ae\u5170\u5fb7\u5a04\u5f0f\u76d1\u72f1\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u4e0a\u3002\u8def\u4f0a\u5409\u00b7\u76ae\u5170\u5fb7\u5a04\uff08Luigi Piran dello\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u897f\u897f\u91cc\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5236\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7b\u89c9\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba9\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u6211\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5199\u6210\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u503c\u5f97\u3002\u5bf9\u6211\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5173\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u4f8b\u8bc1\u3002\u65af\u5766\u5229\u00b7\u7c73\u5c14\u683c\u62c9\u59c6\u5728\u300a\u670d\u4ece\u6743\u5a01\u300b\uff08Obedience to Authority\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u6539\u53d8\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u60f3\u8868\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u4e0d\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u6b62\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u73af\u5883\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\u8981\u60e9\u7f5a\u522b\u4eba\u6216\u505a\u574f\u4e8b\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u7535\u5f71\uff0c\u7c73\u5c14\u683c\u62c9\u59c6\u66fe\u7ecf\u53d7\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u6279\u5224\u3002\u7c73\u5c14\u683c\u62c9\u59c6\u4e00\u76f4\u60f3\u505a\u4e2a\u7535\u5f71\u5236\u7247\u4eba\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4e5f\u7684\u786e\u505a\u5230\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u51e0\u4e4e\u7acb\u9a6c\u5c31\u5236\u4f5c\u4e86\u7eaa\u5f55\u7247\u300a\u670d\u4ece\u300b\u3002\u5728\u5f71\u7247\u4e2d\uff0c\u75db\u82e6\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u76f4\u89c2\u3002\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u89c2\u4f17\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u6709\u4eba\u75db\u82e6\u5730\u8bf4\u7740\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u60f3\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\u4e86\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u6743\u5a01\u5374\u8bf4\u201c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u201d\u3002\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u4ed6\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u672c\u8eab\u6fc0\u8d77\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u4f26\u7406\u6279\u5224\u3002\u800c\u6211\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0e\u6211\u8054\u7cfb\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u80fd\u5bf9\u4f60\u7684\u2018\u72f1\u8b66\u2019\u8fdb\u884c\u6b63\u5ff5\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u80af\u5b9a\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u90a3\u6837\u505a\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u800c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u771f\u7684\u5411\u65af\u5766\u798f\u4eba\u7c7b\u88ab\u8bd5\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7533\u8bf7\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u518d\u505a\u4e00\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u539f\u5148\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a7\u5236\u7ec4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u518d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e24\u4e09\u79cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u8ba9\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bad\u7ec3\u201c\u72f1\u8b66\u201d\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u66f4\u4eba\u9053\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u65af\u5766\u798f\u76d1\u72f1\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u8d1f\u9762\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u88ab\u8bd5\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u95ee\uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u7ed3\u679c\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5417\uff1f\u201d\u6211\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\u80fd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u7528\u4e0d\u7740\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u5141\u8bb8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u771f\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u8fc7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u770b\u770b\uff1a\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u8bad\u7ec3\u201c\u72f1\u8b66\u201d\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5411\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5c48\u670d\u3002\u8fd9\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u65af\u5766\u798f\u4eba\u7c7b\u88ab\u8bd5\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7c73\u5c14\u683c\u62c9\u59c6\u548c\u6211\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u65af\u5766\u798f\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u90fd\u53d8\u5f97\u683c\u5916\u4fdd\u5b88\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5b66\u751f\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u65bd\u52a0\u538b\u529b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u4e86\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u505a\u4e0d\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u66f4\u52a0\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u5047\u60f3\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u60f3\u8c61\u4f60\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72f1\u8b66\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u505a\u51faA\u3001B\u3001C\u3001D\u4e2d\u7684\u54ea\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\uff1f\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u90a3\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u4f60\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u5b9e\u9645\u5c06\u4f1a\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u9664\u975e\u8eab\u4e34\u5176\u5883\uff0c\u4f60\u600e\u4e48\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u4f1a\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u7136\u800c\u5373\u4fbf\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8005\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u63d0\u51fa\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u5bbd\u6055\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u88ab\u8bd5\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u95ee\uff1a\u201c\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\u4f60\u88ab\u6027\u8650\u5f85\uff0c\u800c\u621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