{"id":17140,"date":"2023-01-06T06:17:13","date_gmt":"2023-01-05T22:17:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=17140"},"modified":"2023-01-06T06:17:13","modified_gmt":"2023-01-05T22:17:13","slug":"%e8%be%9b%e4%ba%a5%e9%9d%a9%e5%91%bd%e7%9a%84%e6%98%af%e6%98%af%e9%9d%9e%e9%9d%9e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=17140","title":{"rendered":"\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u7684\u662f\u662f\u975e\u975e"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\uff0c90\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u4f17\u8bf4\u7eb7\u7ead\u3002\u8fb1\u627f\u53cb\u4eba\u4e0b\u95ee\uff0c\u4e0d\u63e3\u6d45\u964b\uff0c\u4ec5\u5c31\u82e5\u5e72\u7591\u70b9\uff0c\u656c\u732e\u520d\u835b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5386\u53f2\u94fe\u63a5\u770b\u201c\u9769\u547d\u201d<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e9a\u6d32\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u548c\u56fd\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5374\u4e0d\u592a\u4e89\u6c14\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u662f\u707e\u96be\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u798f\u7949\u3002\u56de\u9996\u8bdd\u5f53\u5e74\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u6837\u770b\u5f85\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u5728\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u9648\u5e74\u65e7\u4e8b\uff0c\u592a\u53ef\u5fc3\u5e73\u6c14\u548c\uff0c\u6162\u6162\u63a2\u8ba8\u3002\u6211\u5f88\u6b23\u8d4f\u7ae0\u58eb\u948a\u665a\u5e74\u8bf4\u7684\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff1a\u201c\u4eca\u4e4b\u8bba\u58eb\uff0c\u8bed\u6d89\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5938\u5f20\uff0c\u4f30\u8ba1\u6210\u529f\u4e8c\u5b57\uff0c\u6ea2\u91cf\u592a\u4e0d\u77e5\u4f55\u8bb8\u3002\u201d[1]\u8bc4\u4ef7\u8fd9\u4e00\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u5b83\u653e\u5728\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u53d1\u5c55\u5168\u5c40\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f04\u6e05\u5b83\u7ed9\u6b64\u540e\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u589e\u6dfb\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u8bf4\u4e4f\u5584\u53ef\u9648\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7edd\u5bf9\uff1b\u5efa\u6811\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u662f\u516c\u5141\u7684\u3002\u6211\u641c\u7d22\u67af\u80a0\uff0c\u53ea\u60f3\u5230\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u601d\u60f3\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u3002\u5e1d\u5236\u4e0d\u5b58\uff0c\u4e09\u7eb2\u7109\u9644\uff1f\u4e09\u7eb2\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff1b\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8981\u5f7b\u5e95\u6467\u6bc1\u5b83\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u8270\u5de8\uff0c\u4f46\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u540e\u5b83\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u6210\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u65b0\u6587\u5316\u8fd0\u52a8\u80fd\u591f\u4e00\u547c\u767e\u5e94\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4e0e\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u662f\u65b0\u6587\u5316\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u8d77\u70b9\u3002\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u4ece\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5b97\u6cd5\u4e13\u5236\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u5411\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u65b0\u9636\u6bb5\uff1b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u4ee3\u53c8\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u5148\u9a71\u6301\u7eed\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u6e05\u672b\u6700\u540e\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u65b0\u653f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ecd\u6709\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9762\u524d\u4eba\u4eba\u5e73\u7b49\u548c\u4fdd\u969c\u5305\u62ec\u9690\u79c1\u6743\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u5df2\u7ecf\u5199\u5165\u6cd5\u5178\u3002[2]\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u7206\u53d1\u63a8\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u9769\u76f4\u6307\u8fc7\u53bb\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e6\u53ca\u7684\u541b\u81e3\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u771f\u60c5\u8fd8\u662f\u5047\u610f\uff0c\u201c\u519b\u4eba\u4e0d\u5f97\u5e72\u653f\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6cd5\u6cbb\u201d\u3001\u201c\u516c\u7406\u201d\u7b49\u65b0\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u88ab\u6587\u6b66\u5b98\u5458\u80cc\u5f97\u6eda\u74dc\u70c2\u719f\uff1b\u5982\u6b64\u7b49\u7b49\u90fd\u4f53\u73b0\u7740\u601d\u60f3\u89c2\u5ff5\u5728\u53d8\u8fc1\u3002\u53ef\u60dc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u9769\u5f88\u4e0d\u5f7b\u5e95\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u591a\u534a\u505c\u7559\u5728\u5634\u5df4\u4e0a\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u5236\u5ea6\u5c42\u9762\u5de9\u56fa\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff08\u5982\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7acb\u6cd5\uff09\u662f\u6e05\u672b\u65b0\u653f\u7684\u7ee7\u7eed\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u9769\u547d\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff1b\u800c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u52a8\u8361\u5219\u6709\u76ee\u5171\u7779\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u591a\u8bf4\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u96be\u9053\u63a8\u7ffb\u5e1d\u5236\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u529f\u52b3\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u8bf4\u6765\uff0c\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u7687\u5e1d\u4e0d\u662f\u5927\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u524d\u5915\u7684\u6e05\u738b\u671d\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u5411\u7acb\u5baa\u653f\u4f53\u8f6c\u5316\uff1b\u800c\u53f7\u79f0\u6c11\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u5927\u90fd\u662f\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u6743\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u5dee\u522b\u4e0d\u5927\u3002\u800c\u5c31\u5b9e\u884c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5baa\u653f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u7684\u51e0\u7387\u4f3c\u4e4e\u66f4\u5927\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u7684\u6839\u636e\u6709\u51e0\u6761\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u6ca1\u67091916\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u6ca1\u5b8c\u6ca1\u4e86\u7684\u5404\u5730\u519b\u9600\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7eb7\u4e89\uff0c\u7cbe\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u3002\u6c11\u65cf\u5de5\u77ff\u4e1a\u4ee5\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u5e7415\uff05\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u589e\u957f\u3002\u8d22\u653f\u6536\u5165\u753119\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u7684\u516b\u5343\u4e07\u4e24\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u7a33\u6b65\u589e\u957f\u81f31910\u5e74\u7684\u5c06\u8fd1\u4e09\u4ebf\uff0c\u8d64\u5b57\u7ea6\u516b\u5343\u516b\u767e\u4e07\u4e24\u3002\u800c\u6c11\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u519b\u8d39\u5267\u589e\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u9510\u51cf\uff0c1912\u5e74\u7684\u8d64\u5b57\u4f30\u8ba1\u9ad8\u8fbe\u4e24\u4ebf\u516b\u5343\u4e07\u4e24\uff01[3]\u8d22\u653f\u5904\u4e8e\u7834\u4ea7\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e0d\u501f\u5916\u503a\u5c31\u6d3b\u4e0d\u4e0b\u53bb\u30021928\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u9664\u5c11\u6570\u51e0\u5e74\u5916\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u6ca1\u6709\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5916\u56fd\u64cd\u7eb5\u3001\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u82f1\u3001\u4fc4\u4e24\u56fd\u6b63\u662f\u4ee5\u6b64\u8981\u631f\u8981\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u3001\u5916\u8499\u4e3b\u6743\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u8ba9\u6b65\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u5904\u4e8e\u5f31\u52bf\u3002\u6ee1\u65cf\u53ea\u6709500\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u7687\u65cf\u548c\u4eb2\u8d35\u66f4\u5c11\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u8150\u5316\uff0c\u7cbe\u9510\u7684\u65b0\u519b\u4e0d\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u624b\u4e2d\uff1b\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u76f4\u63a5\u638c\u63e1\u7740\u67aa\u6746\u7684\u519b\u9600\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u7275\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u4ee5\u5404\u7701\u54a8\u8bae\u5c40\u548c\u5546\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u793e\u4f1a\u76f8\u5f53\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u5f88\u5f3a\uff0c\u51e0\u6b21\u8bf7\u5f00\u56fd\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u653f\u6cbb\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u793e\u4f1a\u529b\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u535a\u5f08\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u529b\u91cf\u7275\u5236\uff0c\u9760\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u6069\u8d50\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u6cd5\u6cbb\u662f\u4e0d\u7262\u9760\u7684\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u524d\u5915\u7684\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u6bd4\u540e\u6765\u519b\u9600\u7edf\u6cbb\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5411\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u6cd5\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u8fc7\u6e21\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5ba3\u626c\u201c\u544a\u522b\u9769\u547d\u201d\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u674e\u6cfd\u539a\u3001\u5218\u518d\u590d\u6559\u6388\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u544a\u522b\u9769\u547d\u201d\uff0c\u51b2\u51fb\u4e86\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u628a\u9769\u547d\u795e\u5723\u5316\u7684\u6b7b\u6c34\u4e00\u6f6d\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4eba\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u540c\u610f\u4ed6\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u542f\u53d1\u4eba\u4eec\u6df1\u5165\u601d\u8003\u4e4b\u529f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8f7b\u7387\u62b9\u715e\u3002\u6d77\u5916\u548c\u6e2f\u53f0\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5c31\u5927\u9646\u800c\u8a00\uff0c1995\uff0d97\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u6559\u80b2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e0b\u5c5e\u90e8\u95e8\u5982\u4e34\u5927\u654c\uff0c\u51fa\u94b1\u201c\u7ec4\u7f16\u201d\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u5f00\u4f1a\u3001\u4f5c\u6587\u3001\u51fa\u4e66\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u56f4\u527f\uff0c\u70ed\u95f9\u4e86\u4e00\u9635\u5b50\u3002\u6211\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u662f\u53ef\u601c\u516e\u516e\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7559\u4e0b\u4ec0\u4e48\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u4e1a\u7ee9\u3002\u6709\u4e2a\u524d\u63d0\u5fc5\u987b\u660e\u786e\uff1a\u80af\u5b9a\u8fd8\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u9769\u547d\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u5b66\u672f\u662f\u975e\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u4e00\u8fdb\u5165\u5b66\u672f\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7edf\u4e00\u53e3\u5f84\u3002\u518d\u8fc7\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u4e43\u81f3\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8bc4\u4ef7\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u4f17\u8bf4\u7eb7\u7ead\u3002\u5c31\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u613f\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u544a\u522b\u201d\u6216\u62e5\u62b1\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u7c7b\u611f\u60c5\u8272\u5f69\u5f88\u6d53\u7684\u5b57\u773c\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u65e0\u6cd5\u544a\u522b\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u662f\u7aed\u529b\u63a5\u8fd1\u5386\u53f2\u771f\u5b9e\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53f2\u5bb6\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e00\u518d\u8bf4\u660e\u5b8c\u5168\u63ed\u793a\u5386\u53f2\u672c\u6765\u9762\u76ee\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u4f5c\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u5438\u53d6\u5386\u53f2\u667a\u6167\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u8f6c\u6362<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u6c11\u56fd\u521d\u5e74\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5de9\u56fa\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u5411\u4e13\u5236\u8715\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u4e13\u5236\u6c11\u56fd\u4e0e\u65b0\u653f\u6e05\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ffd\u95ee\u6c11\u56fd\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8715\u5316\u4e3a\u4e13\u5236\uff1f\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u975e\u4eba\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u8d23\u4efb\uff1b\u4f46\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u662f\u7f6a\u9b41\u7978\u9996\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u8ba9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5f53\u603b\u7edf\u662f\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u65e0\u53ef\u5948\u4f55\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u8bf4\u4e0d\u4e0a\u6709\u591a\u5927\u7684\u7f6a\u8d23\u3002[4]\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4f1a\u72af\u4e0b\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u5386\u53f2\u9519\u8bef\uff1f\u4e8c\u662f\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u540e\u7684\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u65e0\u662f\u5904\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u952e\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u628a\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u770b\u4f5c\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5e94\u628a\u4ed6\u770b\u4f5c\u67d0\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53f2\u5bb6\u4eec\u5927\u90fd\u4f1a\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u6e05\u5e1d\u56fd\u4ed6\u662f\u4e2a\u9887\u4e3a\u524d\u536b\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u4ece1895\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u53d8\u6cd5\u7ef4\u65b0\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u5f3a\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\uff0c\u4e25\u590d\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff1b\u9664\u4e86\u5c0f\u7ad9\u7ec3\u5175\u6210\u7ee9\u7a81\u51fa\u5916\uff0c\u6240\u4e0a\u594f\u7ae0\uff0c\u8c08\u8bba\u56fd\u4e8b\u4e5f\u9887\u6709\u89c1\u5730\u3002\u8fdb\u516520\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u8eab\u4e3a\u5317\u6d0b\u5927\u81e3\u548c\u76f4\u96b6\u603b\u7763\uff0c\u63a8\u884c\u65b0\u653f\u6210\u7ee9\u6700\u4e3a\u663e\u8457\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5927\u6e05\u738b\u671d\u6700\u540e\u5341\u5e74\u63a8\u884c\u65b0\u653f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5c31\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u5e9f\u9664\u79d1\u4e3e\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u65b0\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u4fc3\u4f7f\u671d\u5ef7\u5f53\u673a\u7acb\u65ad\uff0c\u57281905\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u6c38\u8fdc\u5e9f\u9664\u79d1\u4e3e\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u548c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u3002\u800c\u5174\u529e\u5b66\u5802\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u6240\u7ba1\u8f96\u7684\u76f4\u96b6\uff08\u4eca\u6cb3\u5317\u7701\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7cbe\u660e\u4e4b\u5904\u8fd8\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u5438\u53d6\u8fc7\u5f80\u6539\u9769\u53d7\u5236\u4e8e\u539f\u6709\u5b98\u540f\u800c\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u89c6\u201c\u5f00\u5b98\u667a\u201d\uff0c \u628a\u73b0\u6709\u5b98\u540f\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u57f9\u8bad\u6446\u5728\u7a81\u51fa\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u548c\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u7cfb\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u76f4\u96b6\u4e5f\u8d70\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u524d\u5217\u3002\u5168\u56fd\u9996\u6b21\u5730\u65b9\u9009\u4e3e\u662f1907\u5e74\u7684\u5929\u6d25\u5e02\u653f\u9009\u4e3e\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u52aa\u529b\u63a8\u884c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u6210\u679c\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e49\u548c\u56e2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u51c6\u5728\u5929\u6d25\u5730\u533a\u9a7b\u519b\uff1b\u7cbe\u660e\u7684\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u5efa\u6811\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u8bad\u7ec33000\u8b66\u5bdf\u8fdb\u9a7b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e86\u4e3b\u6743\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u6cbb\u5b89\u3002\u7528\u8b66\u5bdf\u53d6\u4ee3\u8859\u5f79\u7ba1\u7406\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u5b89\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u63a8\u5e7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u529f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6ca1\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u6e05\u672b\u7684\u7acb\u5baa\u662f\u652f\u6301\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u5de5\u5546\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e5f\u7528\u529b\u5f88\u52e4\uff0c\u6210\u7ee9\u663e\u8457\uff1b\u6709\u7684\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4eca\u5929\u4ecd\u70ed\u60c5\u4f20\u8bf5\u8a79\u5929\u4f51\u4fee\u4eac\u5f20\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u529f\u7ee9\uff0c\u4f46\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u3001\u8d44\u91d1\u7b79\u63aa\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u51b3\u5b9a\u7528\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d44\u91d1\u4fee\u5efa\u7b49\u7b49\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u529f\u52b3\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u7c4d\u534e\u4eba\u53f2\u5bb6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5b83\uff08\u4eac\u5f20\u94c1\u8def\uff09\u662f\u7531\u8881\u53d1\u8d77\u3001\u63d0\u51fa\u548c\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u60ca\u4eba\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u201d[5]<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u72b6\u51b5\u65e0\u975e\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5341\u5e74\u2014\u2014\u6e05\u672b\u65b0\u653f\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u5316\u8d77\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fdb\u5165\u6c11\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u6700\u9ad8\u884c\u653f\u6743\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u5411\u540e\u5012\u9000\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ee3\u6f6e\u6d41\u683c\u683c\u4e0d\u5165\u7684\u9519\u4e8b\u548c\u8822\u4e8b\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u4e0e\u5176\u6307\u6458\u4ed6\u5012\u9000\uff0c\u6bcb\u5b81\u8bf4\u4ed6\u662f\u505c\u6ede\u4e0d\u524d\u3002\u4e0d\u59a8\u770b\u770b\u4ed6\u5f53\u4e0a\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u540e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5230\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u653f\u89c1\uff1a\u201c\u53e4\u4eca\u7acb\u56fd\u4e4b\u9053\u60df\u5728\u6574\u996c\u7eaa\u7eb2\uff0c\u4fee\u660e\u6cd5\u5ea6\u2026\u2026\u8fe9\u6765\u5175\u4e8b\u6270\u6518\uff0c\u56db\u6c11\u5931\u4e1a\uff0c\u516c\u79c1\u4ea4\u56f0\uff0c\u5df2\u8fbe\u6781\u70b9\u3002\u800c\u58eb\u5175\u591a\u6627\u670d\u4ece\u4e4b\u4e49\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u9c9c\u77e5\u516c\u5171\u4e4b\u76ca\u2026\u2026\u5faa\u6b64\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u5fc5\u81f3\u7eaa\u7eb2\u5e9f\u5760\uff0c\u6cd5\u5ea6\u8361\u7136\u3002\u201d[6]\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u7eaa\u7eb2\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6cd5\u5236\u548c\u4f26\u5e38\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c11\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u51fa\u5728\u4e0b\u6c11\u4e0d\u61c2\u7eaa\u7eb2\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u5411\u5f80\u7684\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u61c2\u73b0\u4ee3\u56fd\u5bb6\u5fc5\u987b\u5b9e\u884c\u6cd5\u6cbb\uff0c\u5176\u8981\u4e49\u9996\u5148\u5728\u9650\u5236\u653f\u5e9c\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u4f9d\u6cd5\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff08\u81ea\u7531\uff09\u4e0d\u53d7\u4fb5\u72af\u3002\u800c\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u5e94\u4e5f\u65e0\u6743\u5e72\u9884\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u8457\u540d\u8bb0\u8005\u9ec4\u8fdc\u5eb8\u5f53\u65f6\u6240\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5ba3\u8a00\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6587\u544a\u7b49\u8a00\u884c\uff0c\u201c\u7eaf\u7136\u6ee1\u6e05\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7a7a\u6587\u4e0a\u8c15\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5206\u2026\u2026\u6b64\u7b49\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u5df2\u5927\u80cc\u4e8e\u6cd5\u6cbb\u77e3\u2026\u2026\u7136\u5176\u6240\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b9e\u65e0\u5f02\u4e8e\u665a\u6e05\u672b\u9020\u3002\u201d[7]\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u6cd5\u6cbb\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5fb7\u6cbb\u542b\u6df7\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u57fa\u7840\u4ecd\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7edf\u6cbb\u672f\u7684\u665a\u6e05\u4fee\u8ba2\u7248\uff1a\u4e2d\u4f53\u897f\u7528\u3002\u6309\u7167\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e1898\u5e74\u95f4\u5728\u300a\u529d\u5b66\u7bc7\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u8be0\u91ca\uff0c\u5373\u65e2\u8981\u575a\u6301\u4e09\u7eb2\u4e94\u5e38\uff0c\u53c8\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u201c\u897f\u653f\u3001\u897f\u827a\u201d\uff1b\u6240\u8c13\u897f\u653f\u6307\u7684\u662f\u201c\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u5730\u7406\uff0c\u5ea6\u652f\uff0c\u8d4b\u7a0e\uff0c\u6b66\u5907\uff0c\u5f8b\u4f8b\uff0c\u529d\u5de5\uff0c\u901a\u5546\u201d\u3002[8]\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8981\u53d1\u5c55\u6559\u80b2\uff1b\u53d1\u5c55\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff1b\u7528\u65b0\u6b66\u5668\u88c5\u5907\u548c\u8bad\u7ec3\u90e8\u961f\uff1b\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u5f0f\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u7a0e\u6536\u5236\u5ea6\uff1b\u5236\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f9d\u6cd5\u6cbb\u56fd\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u897f\u653f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff1a\u6cd5\u6cbb\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u5219\u6392\u9664\u5728\u89c6\u91ce\u4e4b\u5916\uff1b\u5373\u4f7f\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u773c\u5199\u5728\u7eb8\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7edf\u6cbb\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e0e\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u6cd5\u6cbb\u8fd8\u76f8\u5dee\u5341\u4e07\u516b\u5343\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u578b\u671f\u5c61\u89c1\u4e0d\u9c9c\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u51c6\u786e\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u65b0\u65e7\u53c2\u534a\u7684\u8a00\u884c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5f53\u4e0a\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u540e\uff0c\u65e2\u6807\u699c\u6cd5\u6cbb\uff0c\u53c8\u6210\u7acb\u519b\u653f\u6267\u6cd5\u5904\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7ecf\u6cd5\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u641c\u67e5\u4f4f\u5b85\u3001\u902e\u6355\u4e43\u81f3\u5904\u6b7b\u6709\u5173\u4eba\u58eb\uff08\u6e56\u5317\u9769\u547d\u5143\u52cb\u5f20\u632f\u6b66\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u201c\u5c31\u5730\u6b63\u6cd5\u201d\u7684\uff09\u3002\u53c8\u5982\uff0c\u53e3\u53e3\u58f0\u58f0\u201c\u4f9d\u6cd5\u6cbb\u56fd\u201d\uff0c\u53c8\u5bf9\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5baa\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u300a\u4e34\u65f6\u7ea6\u6cd5\u300b\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u89c6\u800c\u4e0d\u89c1\uff1b\u628a\u5c01\u62a5\u520a\u3001\u6293\u8bb0\u8005\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u6765\u5f80\u4fe1\u4ef6\u7b49\u4fb5\u72af\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u4e3a\u7edf\u7edf\u4e0d\u5f53\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u8bf4\u5728\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u65e0\u662f\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u662f\u88ab\u653f\u6cbb\u9519\u8bef\u57cb\u846c\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6700\u5c11\u6709\u51e0\u6761\u4e5f\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6267\u653f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u5c31\u5236\u8ba2\u4e86\u300a\u56fd\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u53c8\u4f9d\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u4e3e\uff0c\u5e76\u57281913\u5e74\u521d\u53ec\u5f00\u4e86\u56fd\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u6b21\uff0c1913\u5e741\u67089\u65e5\u516c\u5e03\u300a\u6587\u5b98\u8003\u8bd5\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u4ed6\u6709\u610f\u5efa\u7acb\u73b0\u4ee3\u56fd\u5bb6\u673a\u5173\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u89c4\u5b9a\u6587\u5b98\u9ad8\u7b49\u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u56fd\u6cd5\u5b66\u3001\u5211\u6cd5\u3001\u6c11\u6cd5\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u6cd5\u3001\u884c\u653f\u6cd5\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u548c\u8d22\u653f\u5b66\u4e03\u79cd\u4e3a\u4e3b\u79d1\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u8003\u3002\u5546\u6cd5\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u3001\u5211\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6cd5\u3001\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6cd5\u3001\u901a\u5546\u7ea6\u7ae0\u7b49\u4e94\u79cd\u4e3a\u9644\u79d1\uff0c\u5e94\u8bd5\u8005\u81ea\u62e9\u5176\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79d1\u76ee\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u79d1\u52a0\u4e0a\u5916\u8bed\u3001\u7535\u8111\u4e24\u95e8\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u8003\u9009\u4eca\u65e5\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6587\u5b98\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u673a\u6784\u4e00\u5b9a\u5927\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5fc5\u5c06\u5bf9\u5efa\u7acb\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6cd5\u6cbb\u56fd\u5bb6\u5927\u6709\u88e8\u76ca\u3002\u987a\u4fbf\u8bf4\u8bf4\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u670b\u53cb\u8001\u89c9\u5f97\u5e9f\u6389\u79d1\u4e3e\u6709\u70b9\u53ef\u60dc\u3002\u51b7\u9759\u60f3\u60f3\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u804c\u4e1a\u5206\u5316\uff0c\u4e3a\u77e5\u8bc6\u9636\u5c42\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u8fdc\u975e\u79d1\u4e3e\u8fd9\u5ea7\u72ec\u6728\u6865\u53ef\u6bd4\u7684\u4f17\u591a\u4e0a\u5347\u9014\u5f84\u5916\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4ee5\u5b98\u540f\u9009\u62d4\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6587\u5b98\u8003\u8bd5\u4e0d\u662f\u66f4\u9ad8\u660e\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u518d\u6b21\uff0c\u4ed6\u63a8\u884c\u519b\u6c11\u5206\u6cbb\uff0c\u4e00\u518d\u4e0b\u4ee4\u519b\u8b66\u4e0d\u5f97\u5e72\u9884\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u7684\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u57281913\u5e743\u670820\u65e5\u6697\u6740\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u65bd\u653f\u6709\u53ef\u53d6\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e00\u6982\u62b9\u6740\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5149\u770b\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u91ce\u5fc3\u5bb6\uff01\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u51a0\u5195\u5802\u7687\u7684\u519b\u6c11\u5206\u6cbb\u80cc\u540e\uff0c\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u5180\u56fe\u5265\u593a\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u90fd\u7763\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u9636\u5c42\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5947\u7279\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u6b63\u5fc3\u8bda\u610f\u7684\u8001\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u52a8\u4e0d\u52a8\u5c31\u5148\u5ba1\u67e5\u9053\u5fb7\u53d6\u5411\u548c\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u91ce\u5fc3\u3001\u96c4\u5fc3\u6709\u591a\u5927\u533a\u522b\uff1f\u9053\u5fb7\u5224\u65ad\u53d7\u5224\u65ad\u8005\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u5f71\u54cd\u5f88\u5927\uff1b\u4ece\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u770b\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u653f\u6cbb\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u5173\u5b8f\u65e8\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u5f80\u5f80\u4ee4\u4eba\u6076\u5fc3\u4e43\u81f3\u6c14\u6124\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5927\u90fd\u662f\u653f\u5ba2\uff0c\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f53\u5723\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u5e7c\u7a1a\u8005\u7684\u8499\u6627\u3002\u5bf9\u653f\u6cbb\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u8ffd\u7a76\u5176\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8ba4\u771f\u5173\u6ce8\u4ed6\u5728\u5236\u5ea6\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0a\u7684\u53d6\u5411\u548c\u4f5c\u4e3a\uff0c\u90a3\u624d\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6070\u6070\u5728\u5236\u5ea6\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5728\u6267\u653f\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e74\u6709\u53ef\u53d6\u4e4b\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u662f\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u3001\u8def\u7ebf\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u65b0\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u4ee5\u519b\u6c11\u5206\u6cbb\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u8005\u662f\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u3001\u9ece\u5143\u6d2a\uff1b\u80e1\u6c49\u6c11\u3001\u674e\u70c8\u94a7\u7b49\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u90fd\u7763\u5219\u53cd\u5bf9\u5f97\u5f88\u5389\u5bb3\u3002\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u80e1\u6c49\u6c11\u3001\u674e\u70c8\u94a7\u7b49\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u6b63\u786e\u8def\u7ebf\uff1f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u603b\u7406\u5510\u7ecd\u4eea\uff08\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4eba\uff09\u8bf4\u5f97\u597d\uff1a\u201c\u7ecd\u4eea\u7b49\u6309\u4e4b\u4e1c\u897f\u5404\u56fd\uff0c\u7686\u6043\u6b64\u6cd5\uff08\u6307\u519b\u6c11\u5206\u6cbb\uff09\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6cbb\uff0c\u884c\u4e4b\u4e45\u8fdc\uff0c\u56e0\u8fdb\u4e8e\u5f3a\u76db\u4e4b\u57df\uff0c\u6211\u6c11\u56fd\u81ea\u5f53\u5f15\u4e3a\u5bfc\u5e08\u3002\u201d[9]\u9ece\u5143\u6d2a\u4e0d\u5b66\u65e0\u6587\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7684\u667a\u56ca\u7ed9\u4ed6\u5199\u7684\u9f13\u5439\u519b\u6c11\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u901a\u7535\uff0c\u6d0b\u6d0b\u6d12\u6d12\u6709\u58f0\u6709\u8272\uff1a\u201c\u81ea\u5404\u7701\u5149\u590d\uff0c\u519b\u4eba\u67c4\u653f\u2026\u2026\u6587\u6b66\u517c\u8d44\uff0c\u53e4\u96be\u5176\u9009\u2026\u2026\u5b66\u8bc6\u6240\u853d\uff0c\u5de6\u9053\u4e58\u4e4b\u201d\u3002\u201c\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u5baa\u56fd\u6240\u540c\u2026\u2026\u81ea\u91cd\u5175\u5728\u63e1\uff0c\u4efb\u610f\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5047\u519b\u6cd5\u4e3a\u62a4\u7b26\uff0c\u89c6\u6c11\u547d\u4e3a\u513f\u620f\u201d\u3002\u201c\u519b\u6c11\u5e76\u8f96\uff0c\u79ef\u539a\u57f9\u9ad8\uff0c\u6743\u529b\u4e4b\u96c4\uff0c\u7f55\u4e0e\u4f26\u5339\u2026\u2026\u7a0d\u62e5\u91cd\u5175\uff0c\u5373\u56fe\u53cd\u4fa7\u2026\u2026\u5175\u8fde\u7978\u7ed3\uff0c\u66f4\u5b17\u4e3a\u96c4\u3002\u201d\u201c\u5185\u8ba7\u4e0d\u606f\uff0c\u5916\u60a3\u76f8\u4e58\u201d\u3002\u201d\u6d88\u9690\u60a3\u4e8e\u65e0\u5f62\u2026\u2026\u60df\u6709\u5c06\u519b\u52a1\u6c11\u653f\u5212\u4e3a\u4e8c\u9014\u3002\u6c11\u653f\u957f\u7efc\u63fd\u653f\u7eb2\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u9009\u8bf8\u8bae\u4f1a\uff0c\u547d\u8bf8\u653f\u5e9c\u2026\u2026\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u76f4\u96b6\u4e2d\u592e\u2026\u2026\u6bcf\u7701\u5b9a\u4e00\u90fd\u7763\uff0c\u8f6c\u8f96\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u6089\u5f52\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u4efb\u8282\u5236\uff0c\u4e00\u9664\u5e72\u9884\u653f\u6cbb\u5b17\u4e3e\u519b\u5b98\u4e4b\u5f0a\u3002\u201d[10]\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4eba\u5e9f\u8a00\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u627f\u8ba4\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u7bc7\u63b7\u5730\u6709\u58f0\u5207\u4e2d\u65f6\u5f0a\u7684\u597d\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cd\u5bf9\u7684\u7406\u7531\u5f52\u7eb3\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u65e0\u975e\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a\u201c\u56fd\u672c\u672a\u56fa\uff0c\u4e71\u673a\u56db\u4f0f\uff0c\u800c\u6b32\u4f7f\u519b\u653f\u6c11\u653f\u5212\u7136\u5206\u7acb\u2026\u2026\u4e0d\u76f8\u7edf\u5c5e\uff0c\u4e00\u6709\u7f13\u6025\uff0c\u4f9d\u6043\u4f55\u4eba\uff1f\u2026\u2026\u8bbe\u4f7f\u90fd\u7763\u4e8e\u519b\u653f\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u53f7\u4ee4\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u8d22\u653f\u8ba1\u5212\u52bf\u96be\u8fc7\u95ee\uff0c\u4e00\u6709\u8d3b\u8bef\uff0c\u9977\u65e0\u6240\u51fa\uff0c\u5175\u4f55\u80fd\u6222\uff1f\u201d[11]\u6211\u60f3\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5bf9\u5371\u673a\u548c\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\u5371\u673a\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u90fd\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c11\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5357\u5317\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u5404\u5730\u6cbb\u5b89\u72b6\u51b5\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u4f73\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u4eba\u53e3\u81a8\u80c0\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6e05\u672b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6c11\u53d8\u8702\u8d77\uff0c\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u53ec\u5524\u548c\u9063\u6563\u201c\u6c11\u519b\u201d\uff0c\u53c8\u4f7f\u5c40\u52bf\u66f4\u4e3a\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u9769\u547d\u548c\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u4e89\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u6708\u90fd\u6709\u5175\u53d8\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u6765\u3002\u4f46\u5175\u53d8\u5927\u90fd\u51fa\u4e8e\u6b20\u9977\u3002\u9664\u524d\u6e05\u9655\u897f\u5de1\u629a\uff08\u66fe\u4efb\u9655\u7518\u603b\u7763\uff09\u5347\u51411913\u5e746\u6708\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0d\u5927\u5e76\u8fc5\u901f\u5e73\u606f\u7684\u53db\u4e71\u5916\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6765\u81ea\u6e05\u7687\u5ba4\u53ca\u5176\u652f\u6301\u8005\u7684\u6b66\u529b\u53cd\u6297\u3002\u53d1\u5c55\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u5438\u7eb3\u7834\u4ea7\u8d2b\u6c11\u662f\u6cbb\u672c\u4e4b\u7b56\uff1b\u5efa\u8bbe\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u6cbb\u5b89\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5173\uff0c\u9632\u532a\u7f09\u76d7\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5f53\u52a1\u4e4b\u6025\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u5065\u5168\u73b0\u4ee3\u56fd\u5bb6\u673a\u5173\u3002\u201c\u519b\u653f\u7edf\u4e00\u201d\uff0c\u542c\u4efb\u519b\u4eba\u4e88\u53d6\u4e88\u593a\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u8d22\u653f\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u996e\u9e29\u6b62\u6e34\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u66f4\u591a\u571f\u532a\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u201c\u519b\u6c11\u7edf\u4e00\u201d\uff0c\u59a8\u788d\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u8d3b\u5bb3\u65e0\u7a77\u3002\u770b\u770b\u540e\u6765\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u9ece\u5143\u6d2a\u7684\u901a\u7535\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u4e0d\u5e78\u8a00\u4e2d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e0a\u53f0\u5c31\u4e0d\u60dc\u51fa\u5356\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ecf\u56fd\u4f1a\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u7b54\u5e94\u82db\u523b\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u540c\u516d\u56fd\u94f6\u884c\u56e2\u7b7e\u7f722500\u4e07\u9551\u7684\u201c\u5584\u540e\u5927\u501f\u6b3e\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4ee5\u6597\u4e89\u89c2\u70b9\u6b6a\u66f2\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u53c8\u4e00\u5178\u578b\u3002\u6b64\u4e8b\u7684\u7ecf\u624b\u4eba\u662f\u8d22\u653f\u603b\u957f\u5468\u5b66\u7199\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u65f6\u6c11\u56fd\u521d\u5efa\u2026\u2026\u5e93\u7a7a\u5982\u6d17\uff0c\u5371\u6025\u4e07\u72b6\u3002\u4e43\u4e0e\u516d\u56fd\u94f6\u884c\u56e2\u7eed\u8bae\u5927\u501f\u6b3e\u3002\u7531\u56fd\u52a1\u4f1a\u8bae\u51b3\u5b9a\u501f\u6b3e\u5927\u7eb2\u4e94\u6761\uff0c\u51fa\u5e2d\u4e34\u65f6\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u5373\u672c\u6b64\u6761\u6b3e\u4e0e\u94f6\u884c\u56e2\u78cb\u5546\u2026\u2026\u8fe8\u5341\u4e8c\u6708\u95f4\uff0c\u59cb\u5c06\u5408\u540c\u62df\u5b9a\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u8bf4\u5e16\u62a5\u544a\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\uff0c\u5168\u4f53\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u201d[12]\u9ec4\u5174\u7b49\u4eba\u6700\u521d\u4e0d\u660e\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u515a\u6d3e\u6597\u4e89\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4e5f\u66fe\u8d23\u9a82\u6ca1\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u3002\u53c8\u4e00\u7ecf\u624b\u4eba\u718a\u5e0c\u9f84\u66fe\u516c\u5f00\u7b54\u590d\uff1a\u5f53\u65f6\u201c\u5357\u5317\u4e24\u65b9\u519b\u9977\u6bcf\u6708\u4e03\u767e\u4e07\u4e24\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u5e93\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e5d\u4e07\uff01\u201c\u5b58\u4ea1\u547c\u5438\uff0c\u95f4\u4e0d\u5bb9\u53d1\u3002\u201d\u8feb\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\uff0c\u5fcd\u8fb1\u501f\u6b3e\u3002\u201c\u81f3\u4e8e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u539f\u59d4\uff0c\u5219\u56fd\u52a1\u5458\u5168\u4f53\u8d5e\u6210\uff0c\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u4ea6\u5148\u5546\u53ca\u3002\u201d[13]\u8fde\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u8bae\u5458\u3001\u575a\u6301\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6b64\u4e8b\u8fdd\u6cd5\u7684\u90b9\u9c81\u4e5f\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bae\u8bb0\u5f55\u8bc1\u660e\u4e8b\u5148\u66fe\u4e24\u6b21\u5728\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c12\u670827\u65e5\u66fe\u5c31\u5176\u4e2d\u4e94\u6b3e\u5355\u72ec\u4e3e\u624b\u8868\u51b3\uff0c\u5747\u83b7\u901a\u8fc7\uff1b\u201c\u4e3b\u5e2d\u54a8\u8be2\u5168\u9662\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u666e\u901a\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u6bcb\u5eb8\u8868\u51b3\u3002\u4f17\u8d5e\u540c\u3002\u201d[14]\u8c08\u5224\u5e95\u7ebf\u548c\u6700\u540e\u6587\u672c\u5747\u7ecf\u8fc7\u56fd\u4f1a\u6279\u51c6\uff1b\u6709\u5173\u6587\u4ef6\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u96be\u67e5\u5230\u3002\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\u4ecd\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u53f2\u4e66\u4ee5\u8bb9\u4f20\u8bb9\uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e3a\u8bad\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u672c\u8eab\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0a\u53f0\u4e4b\u521d\u5927\u4f53\u4e0a\u662f\u5c0a\u91cd\u56fd\u4f1a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u4ed6\u8d70\u9a6c\u706f\u4f3c\u7684\u6362\u603b\u7406\uff0c\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u60f3\u5927\u6743\u72ec\u63fd\uff0c\u8df5\u8e0f\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u65e0\u7591\u671d\u601d\u68a6\u60f3\u5927\u6743\u72ec\u63fd\uff0c\u201c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u201d\u5931\u8d25\u540e\u66f4\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u30021913\u5e7410\u670816\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u300a\u4e34\u65f6\u7ea6\u6cd5\u300b\u4fee\u6b63\u610f\u89c1\u4e09\u6761\uff0c\u8981\u628a\u6587\u6b66\u5b98\u5458\u4efb\u547d\u3001\u5ba3\u6218\u5abe\u548c\u53ca\u7f14\u7ed3\u6761\u7ea6\u7684\u5927\u6743\u90fd\u6293\u5230\u624b\uff0c\u6446\u8131\u56fd\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba1\u8bae\u6279\u51c6\uff1b\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u89c4\u5b9a\u201c\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u4e3a\u4fdd\u6301\u516c\u5b89\u9632\u5fa1\u707e\u60a3\uff0c\u4e8e\u56fd\u4f1a\u95ed\u4f1a\u65f6\uff0c\u5f97\u5236\u5b9a\u4e0e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u540c\u7b49\u6548\u529b\u4e4b\u6559\u4ee4\u3002\u201d\u201c\u5f97\u4ee5\u6559\u4ee4\u4e3a\u4e34\u65f6\u8d22\u653f\u5904\u5206\u3002\u201d[15]\u4f46\u9700\u56fd\u4f1a\u5f00\u4f1a\u540e\u5ba1\u67e5\u6279\u51c6\u3002\u8fc8\u5411\u72ec\u88c1\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u610f\u5411\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u7eb7\u4e89\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u7565\uff1a\u603b\u7edf\u5236\u4e0e\u5185\u9601\u5236\u4e4b\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300a\u4e34\u65f6\u7ea6\u6cd5\u300b\u662f\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u4e34\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\u5373\u5c06\u7ed3\u675f\u4e4b\u9645\u5306\u5fd9\u5236\u8ba2\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u6309\u4e09\u6743\u5206\u7acb\u539f\u5219\u5efa\u6784\u56fd\u5bb6\u673a\u5173 \uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u5305\u62ec\u8a00\u8bba\u3001\u51fa\u7248\u3001\u96c6\u4f1a\u3001\u7ed3\u793e\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u73b0\u4ee3\u516c\u6c11\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4e0d\u6127\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u73b0\u4ee3\u5baa\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u884c\u653f\u6743\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u89c4\u5b9a\u201c\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u4ee3\u8868\u4e34\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u603b\u63fd\u653f\u52a1\uff0c\u516c\u5e03\u6cd5\u5f8b\u201d\u5e76\u201c\u5f97\u53d1\u5e03\u547d\u4ee4\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5f97\u4efb\u514d\u6587\u6b66\u804c\u5458\u201d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u603b\u7406\u548c\u5404\u90e8\u603b\u957f\u5728\u5185\u7684\u201c\u56fd\u52a1\u5458\u8f85\u4f50\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u8d1f\u5176\u8d23\u4efb\u201d\uff0c\u4fe8\u7136\u4eff\u6548\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u603b\u7edf\u5236\u3002\u76f4\u52301918\u5e74\u5b59\u6587\u4e0e\u201c\u975e\u5e38\u56fd\u4f1a\u201d \u7684\u8bae\u5458\u8c08\u8bdd\uff0c\u4ecd\u575a\u6301\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u7ea6\u6cd5\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e3a\u5143\u9996\u5236\u3002\u201d[16]\u4f46\u5b83\u53c8\u89c4\u5b9a\u201c\u56fd\u52a1\u5458\u4e8e\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u63d0\u51fa\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6848\uff0c\u516c\u5e03\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u53ca\u53d1\u5e03\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u987b\u526f\u7f72\u4e4b \u3002\u201d[17]\u53c8\u4f7f\u603b\u7406\u548c\u5404\u90e8\u603b\u957f\u5bf9\u603b\u7edf\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u5426\u51b3\u6743\u3002\u636e\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5305\u62ec\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e0d\u5c11\u653f\u6cbb\u9886\u8896\u548c\u5f53\u4eca\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u53c8\u628a\u5b83\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5b9e\u884c\u5185\u9601\u5236\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u603b\u7edf\u514d\u603b\u7406\u804c\u52a1\u8981\u603b\u7406\u526f\u7f72\u7684\u602a\u4e8b\uff1b\u4e5f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5982\u88ab\u514d\u804c\u7684\u603b\u7406\u4e0d\u526f\u7f72\uff0c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u636e\u53c2\u4e0e\u5236\u5b9a\u7ea6\u6cd5\u7684\u6709\u5173\u4eba\u58eb\u56de\u5fc6\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u8003\u8651\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f0f\u7684\u603b\u7edf\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u653f\u6743\u5373\u5c06\u79fb\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9632\u8881\u6c0f\u4e13\u6a2a\uff0c\u7279\u5730\u5236\u8ba2\u6761\u6587\u4f5c\u51fa\u79cd\u79cd\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u8f6c\u800c\u6539\u7528\u5185\u9601\u5236\u3002\u7ea6\u6cd5\u6761\u6587\u7684\u4e0d\u4e25\u5bc6\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7acb\u5baa\u6cd5\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u98ce\u6d6a\u8fed\u8d77\u5c31\u96be\u4e8e\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e24\u79cd\u5236\u5ea6\u5404\u6709\u957f\u77ed\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u8981\u6709\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u56fd\u4f1a\u3002\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u9f13\u5439\u5185\u9601\u5236\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u6709\u5229\u5de9\u56fa\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u84c4\u610f\u5b9e\u884c\u603b\u7edf\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u9038\u51fa\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff1b\u4f55\u51b5\u53ea\u8981\u6c11\u9009\u7684\u56fd\u4f1a\u8fd8\u5728\uff0c\u4ed6\u672a\u5fc5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u613f\u4ee5\u507f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u4f60\u603b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u64a4\u6389\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4e09\u90fd\u7763\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u72ec\u88c1\u4e13\u5236\u94fa\u8def\u7684\u4e3e\u63aa\u5427\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u5b8b\u6848\u53d1\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u786e\u5b9e\u5904\u5fc3\u79ef\u8651\uff0c\u60f3\u4e00\u4e3e\u6467\u57ae\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u3002\u4f46\u64a4\u6362\u4e09\u90fd\u7763\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u64a4\u674e\u70c8\u94a7\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u5374\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\u30021913\u5e746\u67089\u65e5\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4e0b\u8fbe\u7684\u514d\u804c\u4ee4\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u6c5f\u897f\u90fd\u7763\u674e\u70c8\u94a7\uff0c\u524d\u7ecf\u4e34\u65f6\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u54a8\u9001\u8bae\u5458\u90ed\u540c\u7b49\u4ee5\u4e13\u5236\u6b8b\u6bd2\u66a8\u7f6a\u6076\u4e94\u7aef\u4e24\u6b21\u8d28\u95ee\u3002\u53c8\u7ecf\u6c5f\u897f\u65c5\u4eac\u516c\u76ca\u4f1a\u674e\u76db\u94ce\u7b49\uff0c\u5168\u7701\u5546\u4f1a\u7f57\u5fd7\u6de6\u7b49\uff0c\u94c1\u8def\u80a1\u4e1c\u4f1a\u6731\u76ca\u85e9\u7b49\uff0c\u65c5\u6caa\u5546\u4f1a\u9648\u4e09\u7acb\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fdd\u6cd5\u6b83\u6c11\u6063\u7762\u66b4\u623e\uff0c\u6761\u5217\u5341\u56db\u7f6a\u2026\u2026\u55e3\u56e0\u4efb\u547d\u6c6a\u745e\u95d3\u4e3a\u6c5f\u897f\u6c11\u653f\u957f\uff0c\u8be5\u7701\u6709\u53cd\u5bf9\u60c5\u5f62\u2026\u2026\u8be5\u7763\u65cb\u53c8\u64c5\u81ea\u6539\u7f16\u5e08\u56e2\uff0c\u5e76\u8c03\u5175\u6d3e\u5458\u7ba1\u7406\u4e5d\u6c5f\u70ae\u53f0\uff0c\u8feb\u80c1\u9547\u5b88\u53f2\u5f0b\u514b\u5b89\u79bb\u6d54\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u6570\u6708\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u590d\u6709\u8c03\u5175\u8fd0\u68b0\u8fdb\u903c\u9102\u5883\u4e4b\u4e3e\uff0c\u5546\u8d3e\u505c\u6ede\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u64ad\u8fc1\u201d\u3002[18]\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u674e\u70c8\u94a7\u4e5f\u8bb8\u5fd9\u4e8e\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fa9\u767d\u3002\u5947\u602a\u7684\u662f\u5230\u4e861944\u5e74\uff0c\u6709\u7a7a\u5199\u81ea\u4f20\u548c\u56de\u5fc6\u201c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u201d\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u5374\u53ea\u7559\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e48\u51e0\u884c\u5b57\uff1a\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u201c\u4e43\u5148\u6d3e\u5927\u5458\u8d74\u8d63\u6e38\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e14\u66f0\uff1a\u2018\u8d74\u5317\u4eac\u4e0e\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4e00\u6664\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee5\u4e8c\u767e\u4e07\u4e3a\u5bff\uff0c\u5e76\u664b\u7ed9\u52cb\u4e00\u4f4d\u3002\u2019\u4f59\u4e0d\u4e3a\u52a8\u2026\u2026\u8881\u89c1\u4e0d\u80fd\u5229\u8bf1\uff0c\u6b32\u53bb\u4f59\u5c24\u6025\u3002\u4f59\u4ea6\u70db\u5176\u5978\uff0c\u601d\u6446\u8131\uff0c\u4e43\u5378\u6c5f\u897f\u90fd\u7763\u4e4b\u4efb\u3002\u201d[19]\u8a00\u4e0b\u4e4b\u610f\u662f\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u5e72\u4e86\u3002\u7a76\u7adf\u5982\u4f55\u201c\u5378\u6c5f\u897f\u90fd\u7763\u4e4b\u4efb\u201d\uff0c\u8881\u6c0f\u6240\u8bf4\u662f\u771f\u662f\u5047\uff0c\u5c45\u7136\u907f\u800c\u4e0d\u8c08\uff01<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u64a4\u6389\u674e\u70c8\u94a7\uff0c\u4efb\u547d\u6b27\u9633\u6b66\u4e3a\u6c5f\u897f\u62a4\u519b\u4f7f\uff0c\u6b66\u88c5\u8fd8\u5728\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u5e7f\u4e1c\u662f\u80e1\u6c49\u6c11\u4e0b\u53f0\uff0c\u9648\u70af\u660e\u4e0a\u53f0\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4ecd\u7136\u638c\u63e1\u7740\u519b\u6743\uff0c\u52a0\u6d3e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u4e1c\u4eba\u9648\u662d\u5e38\u4e3a\u6c11\u653f\u957f\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\u7684\u9648\u70af\u660e\u662f\u5fe0\u5b9e\u548c\u80fd\u5e72\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4eba\u3002\u6b64\u4e8b\u4e5f\u8bb8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u63a8\u884c\u519b\u6c11\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4f4d\u6df1\u6089\u5317\u6d0b\u5185\u5e55\u7684\u8bb0\u8005\u8bf4\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff1a\u201c\u7678\u4e11\uff081913\uff09\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u8881\u6c0f\u5389\u884c\u519b\u6c11\u5206\u6cbb\u2026\u2026\u8881\u6b81\u6bb5\u7ee7\uff0c\u5a01\u671b\u5927\u51cf\uff0c\u6545\u5df2\u7ecf\u8881\u6c0f\u704c\u5165\u4e4b\u2018\u519b\u4eba\u4e0d\u5f97\u5e72\u653f\u2019\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5b8c\u5168\u6253\u7834\uff0c\u5404\u7763\u7686\u8ba4\u4ee5\u517c\u7701\u957f\u4e3a\u5e94\u4eab\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u6e56\u5317\u738b\u5360\u5143\u9996\u5f00\u5176\u7aef\uff0c\u5404\u7701\u76f8\u7387\u6548\u5c24\uff0c\u519b\u6c11\u4e24\u653f\uff0c\u64cd\u81ea\u6b66\u4eba\uff0c\u540f\u6cbb\u9042\u6709\u6c5f\u6cb3\u65e5\u4e0b\u4e4b\u611f\u3002\u201d[20]\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8bdd\u503c\u5f97\u6df1\u601d\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u63a8\u884c\u519b\u6c11\u5206\u6cbb\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bf9\u4ed8\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u3002\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u88ab\u6253\u4e0b\u53bb\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a8\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u6309\u6797\u5f6a\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u5386\u53f2\u4e3a\u8def\u7ebf\u6597\u4e89\u670d\u52a1\u201d\u529e\u4e8b\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5bf9\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u9519\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6b6a\u66f2\u5386\u53f2\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u201c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u201d\u5931\u8d25\u540e\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u65e5\u76ca\u4e13\u5236\uff0c\u4e00\u5fc3\u60f3\u505a\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u603b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u8fd8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5efa\u6811\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u590d\u8f9f\u5e1d\u5236\u662f\u8df5\u8e0f\u5baa\u6cd5\u3001\u80cc\u53db\u6c11\u56fd\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u4ed6\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u5176\u4ed6\u503c\u5f97\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6df7\u6dc6\u7684\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002\u6070\u6070\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\u5374\u9887\u6709\u4f5c\u4e3a\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\u6765\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\uff0e\u8d77\u7528\u5468\u5b66\u7199\u3001\u5f20\u8b07\u7b49\u5185\u884c\u4eba\u4e3b\u7ba1\u8d22\u653f\u548c\u5de5\u5546\u884c\u653f\uff0c\u505a\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u6392\u5fe7\u89e3\u96be\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e3a\u9f13\u52b1\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\u548c\u52a0\u5de5\u4e1a\u5404\u6c11\u8425\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u7531\u653f\u5e9c\u51fa\u8d44\u5efa\u7acb\u4fdd\u606f\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u6295\u8d44\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u56db\u81f3\u516d\u5398\u80a1\u606f\u3002\u7b2c\u516d\u5e74\u8d77\u624d\u6309\u4fdd\u606f\u91d1\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5206\u5e74\u644a\u8fd8\u3002[21]\u5f00\u529e\u5382\u77ff\u7684\u624b\u7eed\u7b80\u5316\uff1b\u6709\u7684\u7a0e\u6536\u4e5f\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u91c7\u77ff\u7a0e\u5c31\u4ece\u539f\u676525%\u964d\u81f310\u201415\u2030\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u77ff\u5c71\u5f00\u91c7\u3002[22]\u5230\u5904\u8bbe\u5361\uff0c\u5f81\u6536\u5398\u91d1\u662f\u665a\u6e05\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u5f0a\u653f\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u653f\u5e9c\u6ca1\u6709\u5f7b\u5e95\u5e9f\u9664\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u9887\u4e3a\u5927\u5b97\u7684\u571f\u5e03\u514d\u5f81\u5398\u91d1\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u5931\u4e3a\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4ef6\u597d\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n

2\uff0e\u4f9d\u9760\u5404\u5730\u5546\u4f1a\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u542c\u53d6\u5de5\u5546\u4e1a\u5bb6\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6cd5\u89c4\uff0c\u5b8c\u5584\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\u673a\u5236\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u6cd5\u6cbb\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5065\u5eb7\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5b98\u5458\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u5f20\u8b07\u4e00\u4e0a\u53f0\uff0c\u4fbf\u75db\u9648\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u5174\u8d25\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u201c\u519c\u6797\u5de5\u5546\u90e8\u7b2c\u4e00\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u7acb\u6cd5\u3002\u201d[23]\u7c97\u7565\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u653f\u5e9c\u5236\u5b9a\u6709\u5173\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6cd5\u4ee4\u516b\u5341\u591a\u4ef6\uff0c\u63a8\u8fdb\u4e86\u6e05\u672b\u65b0\u653f\u7684\u672a\u7adf\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n

3\uff0e\u7ea0\u6b63\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u6df7\u6dc6\u5784\u65ad\u4e0e\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u53d6\u6d88\u521b\u529e\u4f01\u4e1a\u52a8\u8f84\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e13\u8425\u6743\u82e5\u5e72\u5e74\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e13\u5229\u53ea\u7ed9\u4e88\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n

4\uff0e\u6574\u7406\u548c\u5065\u5168\u8d22\u653f\u7a0e\u6536\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u6c11\u56fd\u4e09\u56db\u5e74\u95f4\uff081914\u30011915\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8d22\u653f\u6536\u652f\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u201c\u7ea6\u8ba1\u6bcf\u5e74\u53ef\u4f59\u4e8c\u5343\u4e07\u201d[24]\u3002<\/p>\n

5\uff0e\u6574\u987f\u91d1\u878d\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u6536\u56de\u5404\u5730\u4e71\u53d1\u7684\u7eb8\u5e01\uff08\u5982\u5e7f\u4e1c\uff09\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u94f8\u9020\u94f6\u5e01\uff08\u8881\u5927\u5934\uff09\uff0c\u5960\u7acb\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00\u5e01\u5236\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u7684\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u662f\u8d70\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u9053\u8def\u7684\u5f53\u6743\u6d3e\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u6709\u4e2a\u6d41\u4f20\u5f88\u5e7f\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u5217\u5f3a\u65e0\u6687\u4e1c\u987e\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u65cf\u5de5\u5546\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u6b27\u6218\u786e\u5b9e\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u817e\u51fa\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u662f\u672c\u56fd\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6b27\u6218\u524d\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u65cf\u5de5\u5546\u4e1a\u5df2\u4ee5\u8f83\u9ad8\u901f\u5ea6\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5927\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u53ea\u662f\u52a0\u5feb\u4e86\u53d1\u5c55\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u6e05\u672b\u65b0\u653f\u548c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u5ea6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5efa\u6811\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5f97\u5230\u516c\u5141\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u81ea\u7531\u7ecf\u6d4e\u52a0\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4e1c\u65b9\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u90fd\u6709\u6b64\u7231\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u4e13\u5236\u4e0e\u6cd5\u6cbb\u662f\u52bf\u4e0d\u4e24\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u6cd5\u6cbb\u73b0\u4ee3\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u957f\u671f\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e38\u8bc6\u95ee\u9898\u6487\u5f00\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8ba8\u8bba\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u56e0\u4f7f\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u53d8\u574f\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u80fd\u5426\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u6c11\u95f4\u793e\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u53d1\u8fbe\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u6bd4\u8f83\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5927\u4f17\u4f20\u5a92\uff0c\u80fd\u76d1\u7763\u548c\u7275\u5236\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u4f7f\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u5458\u4e0d\u6562\u4e3a\u6240\u6b32\u4e3a\u3002\u4e8c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u9014\u5f84\u201c\u5f00\u5b98\u667a\u201d\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8fbe\u5230\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002\u5148\u770b\u770b\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u6e05\u672b\u6c11\u521d\u90a3\u4e9b\u8eab\u5c45\u9ad8\u4f4d\u53f7\u79f0\u5f00\u660e\u7684\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u5927\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u632b\u8d25\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u79ef\u7d2f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4eba\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5f88\u4e0d\u5168\u9762\uff0c\u5176\u77e5\u8bc6\u57fa\u7840\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u3002\u665a\u6e05\u56fa\u7136\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5efa\u7acb\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u6743\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u6c11\u56fd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u4ee5\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u672c\u662f\u843d\u7b2c\u79c0\u624d\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u519b\u4e8b\u8fd8\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u96f6\u6572\u788e\u6253\uff0c\u4f3c\u61c2\u975e\u61c2\u3002\u5728\u505a\u91cd\u5927\u51b3\u7b56\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u77e5\u8bc6\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u5fc5\u7136\u5236\u7ea6\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u653f\u4e8b\u5802\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5927\u6e05\u5e1d\u56fd\u519b\u673a\u5904\u7684\u7ffb\u7248\uff0c\u4ed6\u8981\u7684\u603b\u7406\u6216\u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u7687\u4e0a\u8eab\u8fb9\u7684\u5bb0\u76f8\u3002\u4ed6\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u603b\u7edf\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5f00\u660e\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\u3002\u5f90\u4e16\u660c\u3001\u6bb5\u797a\u745e\u3001\u9ece\u5143\u6d2a\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6c34\u5e73\u4e5f\u9ad8\u4e0d\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b80\u5355\u70b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b98\u667a\u672a\u5f00\uff0c\u6446\u8131\u4e0d\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7f81\u7eca\uff0c\u662f\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4e4b\u6d41\u4e13\u5236\u7edf\u6cbb\u3001\u505a\u7687\u5e1d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u66f4\u6df1\u4e00\u5c42\u770b\uff0c\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u66f4\u65b0\u6ede\u540e\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6587\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u8fd0\u884c\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5e38\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ecd\u662f\u90e8\u5206\u7cbe\u82f1\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff1b\u4ece\u800c\u653f\u5ba2\u4eec\u4ee5\u6c11\u65cf\u6027\u5bf9\u6297\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u8bf4\u6559\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u8ba4\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u9009\u62e9<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u5f53\u7136\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u5149\u6709\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u8bf4\u660e\u4e0d\u4e86\u5e1d\u5236\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u8fd9\u5c31\u6d89\u53ca\u7275\u5236\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u5efa\u6784\u4e0a\u7684\u4e92\u76f8\u5236\u7ea6\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u7684\u72ec\u88c1\u4e13\u5236\u4e43\u81f3\u8d2a\u6c61\u8150\u5316\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u540e\uff0c\u5546\u4f1a\u4ee5\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e00\u767e\u4e2a\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u7ee7\u7eed\u589e\u957f\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u56e2\u548c\u653f\u515a\u6709\u5982\u96e8\u540e\u6625\u7b0b\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e2\u4f53\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u53d1\u6325\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7275\u5236\u529b\uff0c\u7ed9\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u8f7b\u800c\u6613\u4e3e\u5206\u5316\u74e6\u89e3\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u5c42\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u6709\u4e24\u6839\u6740\u624b\u950f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7528\u6c11\u65cf\u6027\u5bf9\u6297\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\uff0c\u5ba3\u79f0\u90a3\u4e9b\u5916\u6765\u4e1c\u897f\u4e0d\u5408\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u628a\u793e\u4f1a\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u5bf9\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u85c9\u53e3\u9700\u8981\u7a33\u5b9a\u5265\u593a\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8981\u51b2\u7834\u8fd9\u4e9b\u601d\u60f3\u7262\u7b3c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u653f\u6cbb\u667a\u6167\u3002\u4f46\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5728\u4e0d\u8be5\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u5173\u952e\u65f6\u523b\u4f5c\u51fa\u65e0\u6cd5\u8865\u6551\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u51b3\u7b56\uff1a\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u88ab\u523a\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u53f8\u6cd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u83b7\u5f97\u91cd\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u4e0d\u987e\u4eba\u6c11\u8981\u6c42\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u60c5\u7eea\uff08\u5357\u5317\u5404\u5730\u5546\u4f1a\u65e0\u4e00\u4e0d\u53cd\u5bf9\u52a8\u6b66\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u529b\u91cf\u5bf9\u6bd4\u60ac\u6b8a\uff0c\u76f2\u76ee\u53d1\u52a8\u201c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u201d\u3002[25]\u7ed3\u679c\u793e\u4f1a\u8206\u8bba\u76ee\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u66b4\u6c11\u4e13\u5236\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u627e\u5230\u85c9\u53e3\uff0c\u89e3\u6563\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\uff0c\u5265\u593a\u5176\u56fd\u4f1a\u8bae\u5458\u7684\u8bae\u5e2d\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u56fd\u4f1a\u4e0d\u8db3\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4eba\u6570\u800c\u88ab\u8feb\u505c\u6b62\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5931\u53bb\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u53e6\u884c\u70ae\u5236\u5fa1\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u653f\u9662\uff0c\u4e3a\u9ec4\u888d\u52a0\u8eab\u94fa\u5e73\u4e86\u9053\u8def\u3002\u5982\u679c\u56fd\u4f1a\u8fd8\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u800c\u518d\u3001\u518d\u800c\u4e09\u62e5\u6234\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5f53\u7687\u5e1d\u7684\u4e11\u5267\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u5c31\u96be\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6f14\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u53c8\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u4f5c\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e0d\u660e\u667a\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u51b2\u7834\u6b63\u7edf\u548c\u9769\u547d\u53f2\u89c2\u7684\u684e\u688f\uff0c\u51b7\u9759\u89c2\u5bdf\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u540e\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u524d\u8eab\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u6210\u719f\u7684\u9769\u547d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8f6c\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u8270\u8f9b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u8f9b\u4ea5\u524d\u5386\u7ecf\u5341\u6b21\u6b66\u88c5\u8d77\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u6210\u719f\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u5f97\u5929\u4e0b\u4e0e\u6cbb\u5929\u4e0b\u662f\u4e24\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f55\u51b5\u5b83\u6240\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6b66\u88c5\u8d77\u4e49\u5168\u90fd\u4ee5\u5931\u8d25\u800c\u544a\u7ec8\uff0c\u6b66\u660c\u8d77\u4e49\u5374\u4e0d\u662f\u5b83\u8ba1\u5212\u5185\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u662f\u4e2a\u5f88\u4e0d\u6210\u719f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u770b\u770b\u6c11\u56fd\u4e00\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u6ee1\u6e05\u9000\u4f4d\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5f53\u4e0a\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u6025\u6025\u5fd9\u5fd9\u5ba3\u5e03\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u6c11\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u90fd\u5df2\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u6c11\u751f\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c1a\u5f85\u52aa\u529b\uff1b\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u8981\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4fee\u94c1\u8def\uff0c\u5341\u5e74\u5185\u4fee\u4e8c\u5341\u4e07\u91cc\uff1b\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6c34\u5e73\u5b9e\u5728\u4e0d\u9ad8\u3002\u4ed6\u5934\u4e0a\u7684\u5149\u73af\u662f\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5efa\u7acb\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u6743\u540e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f\u7684\u9700\u8981\u8d39\u5c3d\u4e5d\u725b\u4e8c\u864e\u4e4b\u529b\u523b\u610f\u5236\u4f5c\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u6709\u6c11\u4e3b\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\u7684\u865a\u540d\uff0c\u5374\u975e\u5e38\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6c11\u4e3b\u7d20\u517b\u3002\u65e9\u57281906\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u9769\u547d\u65b9\u7565\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b59\u6587\u5c31\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u519b\u6cd5\u4e4b\u6cbb\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7ea6\u6cd5\u4e4b\u6cbb\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e4b\u6cbb\u201d\u7684\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u8bba\uff0c\u4ece\u593a\u53d6\u653f\u6743\u5230\u5b9e\u884c\u5baa\u653f\u6700\u5c11\u89819\u5e74\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u77ed \uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u653f\u515a\u7559\u4e0b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u90a3\u65f6\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u65e9\u5df2\u6709\u4e0e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u653f\u89c1\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u53c8\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7fa4\u4f17\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u515a\u6d3e\u3002\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u81ea\u5df1\u5c31\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u662f\u4f17\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff1b\u5c82\u6709\u72ec\u9738\u4e4b\u7406\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u518d\u770b\u770b\u201c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u201d\u540e\u5b8c\u5168\u6309\u7167\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u613f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u9769\u547d\u515a\u6709\u5173\u515a\u5458\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u89c2\u5ff5\u5c31\u5341\u5206\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u51e1\u4e2d\u56fd\u540c\u80de\u7686\u6709\u8fdb\u672c\u515a\u4e4b\u6743\u5229\u4e49\u52a1\u201d\u3002[26]\u628a\u53c2\u52a0\u67d0\u4e2a\u515a\u8bf4\u6210\u662f\u5168\u6c11\u7684\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u70b9\u4e0d\u4f26\u4e0d\u7c7b\uff0c\u66f4\u5947\u7279\u7684\u662f\u5728\u4ed6\u6240\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u51e1\u4e8e\u9769\u547d\u519b\u672a\u8d77\u4e49\u4e4b\u524d\u8fdb\u515a\u8005\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a\u9996\u4e49\u515a\u5458\uff1b\u51e1\u4e8e\u9769\u547d\u519b\u8d77\u4e49\u4e4b\u540e\u3001\u9769\u547d\u653f\u5e9c\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u524d\u8fdb\u515a\u8005\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a\u534f\u52a9\u515a\u5458 \uff1b\u51e1\u4e8e\u9769\u547d\u653f\u5e9c\u6210\u7acb\u4e4b\u540e\u8fdb\u515a\u8005\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u515a\u5458\u3002\u201d\u800c\u8fd9\u4e09\u7c7b\u515a\u5458\u5c45\u7136\u4eab\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229 \uff1a\u201c\u9769\u547d\u6210\u529f\u4e4b\u65e5\uff0c\u9996\u4e49\u515a\u5458\u6089\u96b6\u4e3a\u5143\u52cb\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u5f97\u4e00\u5207\u53c2\u653f\u3001\u6267\u653f\u4e4b\u4f18\u5148\u6743\u5229\uff1b\u534f\u52a9\u515a\u5458\u5f97\u96b6\u4e3a\u6709\u529f\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u80fd\u5f97\u9009\u4e3e\u53ca\u88ab\u9009\u4e3e\u6743\u5229\uff1b\u666e\u901a\u515a\u5458\u5f97\u96b6\u4e3a\u5148\u8fdb\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u4eab\u6709\u9009\u4e3e\u6743\u5229\u3002\u201d\u201c\u51e1\u975e\u515a\u5458\u5728\u9769\u547d\u65f6\u671f\u4e4b\u5185\u4e0d\u5f97\u6709\u516c\u6c11\u8d44\u683c\u3002\u201d[27]<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u6cbb\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u7ae0\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c45\u7136\u89c4\u5b9a\u8981\u5265\u593a\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u56fd\u6c11\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u8d44\u683c\uff0c\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u6cbb\u53f2\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u7edd\u65e0\u4ec5\u6709\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u5b89\u6392\u5b9e\u9645\u662f\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u662f20\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u521b\u4e3e\uff0c\u6bd4\u4fc4\u5fb7\u610f\u8bf8\u56fd\u90fd\u65e9\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6216\u6539\u9769\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u5b59\u6587\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u84dd\u56fe\u4e2d\u5374\u8981\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u5185\u5265\u593a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u56fd\u6c11\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u6743\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u2014\u2014\u9769\u547d\u515a\u5458\u5219\u6210\u4e3a\u4eab\u6709\u5e73\u6c11\u4e0d\u80fd\u4eab\u6709\u7684\u6743\u5229\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u9636\u5c42\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6743\u9636\u5c42\u8fd8\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f9d\u7167\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u515a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6df1\u6d45\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7b49\uff01<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u521b\u4e3e\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u80cc\u9053\u800c\u9a70\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86\u300a\u4e34\u65f6\u7ea6\u6cd5\u300b\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u4e00\u5f8b\u5e73\u7b49\u201d\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u518d\u4ee5\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5f00\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5168\u56fd\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u53cd\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u4e3e\u63aa\u4ee4\u4eba\u5403\u60ca\u3002\u4ee3\u8868\u534a\u6570\u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\uff1b\u7b79\u5907\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u65b9\u9488\u653f\u7b56\u4e0a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u52a8\u8f84\u5f00\u9664\uff1b\u515a\u7ae0\u4e0a\u660e\u660e\u767d\u767d\u5199\u4e0a\u201c\u603b\u7406\uff08\u6307\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\uff09\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u592e\u6267\u884c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e4b\u8bae\u51b3\uff0c\u6709\u6700\u540e\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e4b\u6743\u3002\u201d[28]\u5e76\u628a\u201c\u5fe0\u8bda\u670d\u4ece\u9886\u8896\u201d\u5199\u5165\u300a\u7eaa\u5f8b\u95ee\u9898\u51b3\u8bae\u6848\u300b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8df5\u8e0f\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e3a\u5bb3\u5168\u56fd\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u81ea\u8eab\u4e5f\u88ab\u5bb3\u60e8\u4e86\u3002\u4e22\u6389\u5927\u9646\uff0c\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u9009\u6218\u4e2d\u8d25\u5317\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u90fd\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u515a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u5173\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u653f\u515a\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4ece\u9769\u547d\u653f\u515a\u5411\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u515a\u8f6c\u53d8\u7684\u6076\u679c\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6\u5efa\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u5168\u793e\u4f1a\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5404\u653f\u515a\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u56e2\u4f53\uff09\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u628a\u6cd5\u6cbb\u6446\u5230\u9996\u4f4d\uff0c\u575a\u51b3\u7ef4\u62a4\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u8fd0\u4f5c\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4e0d\u65ad\u81ea\u6211\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u65fa\u76db\u7684\u751f\u673a\uff1b\u5426\u5219\u5fc5\u7136\u906d\u5230\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u5176\u82db\u8d23\u67d0\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u6bcb\u5b81\u66f4\u591a\u8003\u8651\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u6587\u5316\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u54c1\u683c\u770b\u4f5c\u8861\u91cf\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u53d8\u8fc1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u3002\u4ed6\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5438\u6536\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u897f\u5b66\uff0c\u4f46\u5438\u6536\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\u5f88\u4e0d\u5145\u5206\u3001\u5f88\u4e0d\u5168\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\u5219\u5df2\u878d\u5165\u9aa8\u9ad3\u3002[29]\u66f4\u503c\u5f97\u91cd\u89c6\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u6c1b\u56f4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee5\u9769\u547d\u8005\u81ea\u547d\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u627f\u88ad\u4e86\u4e13\u5236\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u4ee5\u52bf\u538b\u4eba\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u89e3\u51b3\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0e\u653f\u654c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6b67\u89c1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fa9\u8bba\u6216\u8bc9\u8bf8\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3002\u65e9\u57281907\u5e7410\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u7684\u5f20\u7ee7\u3001\u9676\u6210\u7ae0\u7b49\u4eba\u5c31\u7559\u4e0b\u7387\u9886\u56db\u767e\u591a\u4eba\u6363\u6bc1\u7acb\u5baa\u6d3e\u7684\u653f\u95fb\u793e\u6210\u7acb\u5927\u4f1a\u7684\u4e0d\u5149\u5f69\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002[30]\u6c11\u56fd\u5143\u5e747\u67087\u65e5\uff0c\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u673a\u5173\u62a5\u4e3b\u6301\u4eba\u7530\u6850\u7b49\u53c8\u7387\u9886\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u4eba\u6363\u6bc1\u300a\u56fd\u6c11\u516c\u62a5\u300b\u793e\uff0c\u53ea\u56e0\u540e\u8005\u62a5\u7aef\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u5bf9\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u7684\u4e0d\u656c\u4e4b\u8f9e\uff01[31]\u5728\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\u548c\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5c61\u89c1\u4e0d\u9c9c\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u9002\u5e94\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u6846\u67b6\u5efa\u7acb\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6cd5\u6cbb\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u572819\u300120\u4e16\u7eaa\u5403\u5c3d\u82e6\u5934\u3002\u65f6\u81f321\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u624d\u80fd\u5f25\u8865\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f3a\u9677\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u4e0e\u7acb\u5baa\u6d3e\u7684\u8ff7\u60d8<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5149\u602a\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5427\uff1f\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u4f1a\u529b\u91cf\u96be\u9053\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u53d1\u52a8\u201c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u201d\uff0c\u5f04\u4e71\u4e86\u521a\u521a\u5f00\u5c40\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u5f71\u54cd\u5168\u5c40\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e00\u5e06\u98ce\u987a\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u5939\u6742\u4e0d\u5c11\u6c61\u79fd\uff1b\u53cd\u590d\u64cd\u7ec3\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u9010\u6b65\u8d70\u5411\u6b63\u8f68\uff1b\u7c97\u66b4\u5730\u6253\u65ad\uff0c\u540e\u679c\u96be\u4e8e\u9884\u6599\u3002\u6881\u6f31\u6e9f\u662f\u8001\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u5458\uff1b\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u540e\u5f53\u8bb0\u8005\uff0c\u51fa\u5165\u56fd\u4f1a\uff0c\u66fe\u8ba4\u771f\u89c2\u5bdf\u8fc7\u6c11\u521d\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u30021922\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u516c\u5f00\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u6446\u5728\u5916\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6b66\u4eba\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u2026\u2026\u81f3\u4e8e\u8bf4\u5230\u52a9\u957f\u8fd9\u79cd\u6b66\u4eba\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u8d23\u5907\u9769\u547d\u5148\u8f88\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u7528\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u90a3\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u4ee5\u6b66\u529b\u4e3a\u653f\u4e89\u7684\u5f00\u7aef\u3002\u4ece\u6b64\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u51e1\u662f\u8981\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u603b\u8981\u53bb\u5954\u8d70\u6b66\u4eba\u7684\u95e8\u4e0b\u2026\u2026\u6b66\u4eba\u7684\u5a01\u6743\u4ece\u6b64\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u800c\u8fbe\u6781\u70b9\u3002\u201d[32]\u8fd9\u4f4d\u8fc7\u6765\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u4eba\u4eec\u6df1\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u4f1a\u529b\u91cf\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u4e86\u3002\u53f2\u5bb6\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\uff1a\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u662f\u9769\u547d\u6d3e\u548c\u7acb\u5baa\u6d3e\u5408\u529b\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u65b9\u51e0\u4e4e\u5175\u4e0d\u8840\u5203\u5c31\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u653f\u6743\u4ea4\u66ff\uff0c\u7acb\u5baa\u6d3e\u548c\u5404\u5730\u5546\u4f1a\u529f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6ca1\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u8ffd\u95ee\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u540e\u7acb\u5baa\u6d3e\u548c\u5404\u5730\u5546\u4f1a\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u65e0\u529b\u5b8c\u6210\u5de9\u56fa\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4efb\u52a1\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u6c11\u56fd\u521d\u5e74\uff0c\u5546\u4f1a\u548c\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u90fd\u5728\u7ee7\u957f\u589e\u9ad8\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u6c42\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u6cbb\u6e05\u660e\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u5927\u5c55\u8eab\u624b\u3002\u79bb\u5f00\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u6cd5\u6cbb\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u73af\u5883\u65e0\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u719f\u7684\u653f\u515a\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u8db3\u4ee5\u4ee3\u8868\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u6e05\u9192\u5730\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u61c8\u5730\u594b\u6597\u3002\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5173\u7cfb\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u7acb\u5baa\u6d3e\u5904\u4e8e\u8ff7\u60d8\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fd9\u7a81\u51fa\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u4ee3\u8868\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u653f\u515a\u2014\u2014\u8fdb\u6b65\u515a\u53ca\u5176\u601d\u60f3\u9886\u8896\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u5927\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u5931\u8bef\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u5904\u7406\u597d\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u5f3a\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u6279\u5224\u9510\u6c14\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u662f\u6240\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u529b\u91cf\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u6761\uff1b\u53cd\u5bf9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u79f0\u5e1d\uff0c\u662f\u62a4\u56fd\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u65d7\u624b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bf4\u660e\u4ed6\u5728\u7d27\u6025\u5386\u53f2\u5173\u5934\u662f\u6e05\u9192\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a9\u76d6\u4ed6\u5728\u6c11\u56fd\u521d\u5e74\u653f\u6cbb\u8fd0\u4f5c\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u6289\u62e9\u4e0a\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u5931\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u91c7\u53d6\u4e0e\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u65b9\u9488\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u5728\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u653f\u6cbb\u5f3a\u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u543e\u81ea\u4fe1\uff0c\u9879\u57ce\uff08\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\uff09\u82e5\u80fd\u4e0e\u6211\u63a8\u5fc3\u63e1\u624b\uff0c\u5929\u4e0b\u4e8b\u5927\u6709\u53ef\u4e3a\u2026\u2026\u4ee5\u62e8\u4e71\u8bba\uff0c\u9879\u57ce\u5750\u9547\u4e8e\u4e0a\uff0c\u7406\u8d22\u6cbb\u5175\uff0c\u6b64\u5176\u6240\u957f\u4e5f\u3002\u9119\u4eba\u5219\u4ee5\u8a00\u8bba\u8f6c\u79fb\u56fd\u6c11\u5fc3\u7406\uff0c\u4f7f\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7531\u6025\u6fc0\u8d8b\u4e8e\u4e2d\u7acb\uff0c\u7531\u4e2d\u7acb\u8d8b\u4e8e\u6e29\u548c\uff0c\u6b64\u5176\u6240\u957f\u4e5f\u3002\u5206\u9014\u8d74\u529f\uff0c\u4ea4\u76f8\u4e3a\u7528\u3002\u201d[33]\u6881\u6c0f\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u5f31\u70b9\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u76d1\u7763\u653f\u6cbb\u5f3a\u4eba\u7684\u8a00\u884c\u653e\u5728\u7a81\u51fa\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5dee\u9519\u5230\u8881\u6c0f\u5f53\u9009\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u501f\u7bb8\u4ee3\u7b79\uff0c\u7ed9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u4e2d\u8868\u9732\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u660e\u663e\uff1a\u201c\u65e2\u4ee5\u5171\u548c\u4e3a\u653f\u4f53\uff0c\u5219\u975e\u6709\u591a\u6570\u8206\u8bba\u4e4b\u62e5\u62a4\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u6709\u529b\u4e4b\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u2026\u2026\u5584\u4e3a\u653f\u8005\uff0c\u5fc5\u6697\u4e2d\u4e3a\u8206\u8bba\u4e4b\u4e3b\uff0c\u800c\u8868\u9762\u81ea\u5c45\u8206\u8bba\u4e4b\u4ec6\u2026\u2026\u4eca\u540e\u4e4b\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u975e\u53c2\u7528\u5f00\u660e\u4e13\u5236\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u594f\u6574\u9f50\u4e25\u8083\u4e4b\u6cbb\u2026\u2026\u7136\u5728\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u975e\u5c45\u670d\u4ece\u8206\u8bba\u4e4b\u540d\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3e\u5f00\u660e\u4e13\u5236\u4e4b\u5b9e\u201d\u3002[34]\u56fd\u5e08\u3001\u7b56\u58eb\u5fc3\u6001\u8dc3\u7136\u7eb8\u4e0a\uff0c\u5374\u4e0e\u73b0\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u548c\u8fd0\u4f5c\u76f8\u8ddd\u751a\u8fdc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u7531\u6765\u5f53\u7136\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0d\u8db3\u6709\u5173\u3002\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u5bc6\u53cb\u548c\u91cd\u81e3\u5f90\u4e16\u660c\u5341\u5206\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u4e2d\u5185\u5e55\uff1a\u201c\u9879\u57ce\uff08\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\uff09\u4e4b\u4e0e\u8fdb\u6b65\u515a\uff0c\u672c\u601d\u5f15\u4ee5\u4e3a\u53cb\uff0c\u8fdb\u6b65\u515a\u4eba\u4ea6\u66fe\u4e3a\u9879\u57ce\u5e2e\u5fd9\uff0c\u65e0\u5948\u4efb\u516c\u4e00\u6d3e\u5b66\u8005\u6c14\u5473\u592a\u91cd\uff0c\u5f7c\u4e00\u5ea6\u52a0\u5165\u718a\u5e0c\u9f84\u5185\u9601\uff0c\u6c64\u6d4e\u6b66\u53c2\u52a0\u653f\u4e8b\u5802\uff0c\u5747\u5c11\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u9879\u57ce\u5219\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6b64\u8f88\u4e66\u751f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u7eb8\u4e0a\u8c08\u5175\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u201d[35]\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u53ca\u5176\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u5374\u7f3a\u5c11\u81ea\u77e5\u548c\u77e5\u4eba\u4e4b\u660e\uff1b\u56e0\u800c\u957f\u671f\u88ab\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u73a9\u5f04\u4e8e\u80a1\u638c\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5904\u4e8e\u82e5\u660e\u82e5\u6697\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u653f\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u8bae\u4f1a\u5236\u6df1\u6df1\u5411\u5f80\u3002\u6e05\u672b\u6c11\u521d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u9636\u5c42\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e86\u89e3\u8bf8\u5982\u6b64\u7c7b\u73b0\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u5e38\u8bc6\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u7247\u9762\u5730\u5f3a\u8c03\u73b0\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u83c1\u82f1\u6027\uff1a\u201c\u543e\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eca\u65e5\u818f\u8093\u4e4b\u75be\uff0c\u4e43\u5728\u4e3e\u5168\u56fd\u806a\u660e\u624d\u667a\u4e4b\u58eb\u6089\u8f8f\u96c6\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u4e00\u9014\u3002\u592b\u4e00\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u7b66\u5176\u67a2\u8005\uff0c\u6052\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e8c\u4eba\u3002\u800c\u653f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u4e3a\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u539f\u65e0\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e4b\u7f8e\uff1b\u5176\u7f8e\u6076\u4e4b\u6548\uff0c\u53c8\u975e\u53ef\u51b3\u4e8e\u65e6\u5915\u3002\u56fd\u6c11\u65e2\u6709\u6240\u501a\u4efb\u4e4b\u4eba\uff0c\u5219\u5b9c\u5c3d\u5176\u957f\u4ee5\u89c2\u5176\u540e\u3002\u201d[36]\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u6027\u548c\u5f53\u4e0b\u76d1\u7763\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u88ab\u62b9\u715e\uff1b\u4ece\u800c\u653f\u6cbb\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u7eb5\u6a2a\u636d\u9616\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u6c11\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u516c\u5f00\u8fa9\u8bba\u4e2d\u6269\u5927\u53c2\u4e0e\u9762\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8ba4\u8bc6\u90fd\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u3002\u6b64\u6587\u662f1915\u5e741\u6708\u53d1\u8868\u7684\uff0c\u5e1d\u5236\u7684\u9f13\u566a\u5df2\u751a\u56a3\u5c18\u4e0a\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u5e7f\u5927\u516c\u6c11\u660e\u8fa8\u662f\u975e\uff0c\u963b\u51fb\u7834\u574f\u6c11\u56fd\u7684\u9006\u6d41\u8feb\u5728\u7709\u776b\uff1b\u6b64\u65f6\u547c\u5401\u4eba\u4eec\u6bcb\u8c08\u56fd\u4e8b\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u5341\u5206\u4e0d\u5408\u65f6\u5b9c\u3002\u8bc1\u8bf8\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u201c\u5fc5\u6697\u4e2d\u4e3a\u8206\u8bba\u4e4b\u4e3b\uff0c\u800c\u8868\u9762\u81ea\u5c45\u8206\u8bba\u4e4b\u4ec6\u201d\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7f3a\u9677\u8868\u9732\u65e0\u9057\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5076\u7136\u7684\u5931\u8bef\u3002\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c1903\u5e74\u8d74\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6e38\u5386\uff0c\u662f\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8f6c\u6298\u70b9\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u8d2b\u5bcc\u5dee\u8ddd\u5de8\u5927\u548c\u534e\u4fa8\u793e\u4f1a\u7d20\u8d28\u5f88\u4f4e\u3001\u79e9\u5e8f\u6df7\u4e71\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7559\u4e0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u78e8\u706d\u7684\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u7adf\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5f97\u51fa\u201c\u4eca\u65e5\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\uff0c\u53ea\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d7\u4e13\u5236\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eab\u81ea\u7531\u201d[37]\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1b\u5ba3\u5e03\u201c\u6211\u4e2d\u56fd\u6240\u6700\u7f3a\u70b9\u800c\u6700\u6025\u9700\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u6709\u673a\u4e4b\u7edf\u4e00\u4e0e\u6709\u529b\u4e4b\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u81ea\u7531\u5e73\u7b49\u76f4\u5176\u6b21\u8033\u3002\u201d[38]\u8fd9\u5404\u4e2a\u72b6\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e\u4ed6\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u7f3a\u9677\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\uff0e\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u6e05\u4e24\u79cd\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5927\u6e05\u5e1d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u81ea\u7531\u4ecd\u4e0d\u5f7b\u5e95\uff0c\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u81ea\u7531\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u7ef4\u6301\u539f\u6709\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u7edf\u6cbb\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8ffd\u6c42\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bb2\u6c42\u957f\u6cbb\u4e45\u5b89\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u6cd5\u6cbb\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u800c\u4ee5\u6cd5\u6cbb\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u662f\u4e00\u4f53\u4e24\u9762\u65e0\u6cd5\u5206\u5f00\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

2\uff0e\u4e0d\u61c2\u5f97\u81ea\u7531\u662f\u63a8\u52a8\u793e\u4f1a\u81ea\u6211\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u9769\u9664\u5f0a\u7aef\u7684\u6700\u597d\u673a\u5236\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u6b62\u4e8e\u81f3\u5584\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u5f0a\u7aef\u7684\u63ed\u9732\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u514b\u670d\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u63a2\u6c42\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u90fd\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u6216\u8fdf\u6216\u65e9\u5fc5\u7136\u4ed8\u51fa\u6781\u5176\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5931\u8bef\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ed6\u8d70\u5411\u63d0\u5021\u5f00\u660e\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u9053\u8def\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u5f00\u660e\u4e13\u5236\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\u4e13\u5236\u3002\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u5374\u5180\u56fe\u5c06\u5b83\u540c\u7acb\u5baa\u653f\u6cbb\u6df7\u6742\u5e76\u5b58\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u53ea\u89c1\u4e13\u5236\uff0c\u4f55\u6765\u5f00\u660e\u548c\u5baa\u653f\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u5f00\u660e\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u8868\u91cc\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u7ec4\u515a\u3001\u529e\u62a5\uff0c\u4ed6\u9996\u5148\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u662f\u5411\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u8981\u94b1\u30021912\u5e74\u6625\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u5fc3\u8179\u6881\u58eb\u8bd2\u901a\u77e5\u6881\u542f\u8d85\uff1a\u8881\u6c0f\u201c\u73b0\u62df\u4e3a\u5144\u5728\u6caa\u7ec4\u5927\u62a5\u9986\u201d\u3002[39]\u6b64\u4e8b\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u5df2\u8db3\u8bc1\u660e\u4e24\u8005\u5173\u7cfb\u975e\u540c\u4e00\u822c\u30021913\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u8d25\u5c40\u5df2\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fdb\u6b65\u515a\u4e58\u673a\u62d3\u5c55\uff0c\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u53c8\u7ed9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5199\u4fe1\uff1a\u201c\u53c8\u672c\u515a\u4e01\u6b64\u65f6\u673a\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u6700\u5b9c\u594b\u8fc5\uff0c\u800c\u515a\u8d39\u7aed\u8e76\u4e0d\u53ef\u8a00\u55bb\uff0c\u4ea6\u60df\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u901f\u56fe\u4e4b\u3002\u201d[40]\u5927\u91cf\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fdb\u6b65\u515a\u62ff\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u94b1\u65e0\u53ef\u6000\u7591,\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u4e5f\u6beb\u4e0d\u8bb3\u8a00\u30021912\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u5728\u4e00\u5c01\u5bb6\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u9879\u57ce\u6708\u9988\u4e09\u5343\u5143\uff0c\u5df2\u53d7\u4e4b\u2026\u2026\u515a\u6210\u540e\u9879\u57ce\u8bb8\u52a9\u6211\u4e8c\u5341\u4e07\uff0c\u7136\u543e\u8ba1\u975e\u4e94\u5341\u4e07\u4e0d\u529e\uff0c\u4ed6\u65e5\u518d\u4e0e\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e5f\u3002\u201d[41]<\/p>\n

\u6536\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u94b1\u8d22\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u6ca1\u6709\u59a8\u788d\u4ed6\u53cd\u5bf9\u5e1d\u5236\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u62a4\u56fd\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u65d7\u624b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8bc1\u660e\u4ed6\u4e0e\u51fa\u5356\u4eba\u683c\u7684\u653f\u5ba2\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u9003\u4ea1\u65e5\u672c\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u63a5\u53d7\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u4f9b\u517b\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u6761\u5374\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u5728\u7b54\u590d\u65e5\u672c\u8206\u8bba\u7684\u8d23\u96be\u65f6\u4e49\u6b63\u8f9e\u4e25\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bd5\u95ee\u65e5\u672c\u4fdd\u62a4\u9119\u4eba\u4e4b\u521d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c82\u975e\u4ee5\u9119\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e00\u7231\u56fd\u8005\uff0c\u5faa\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u4e0a\u4fdd\u62a4\u56fd\u4e8b\u72af\u4e4b\u5927\u4e49\u8036\uff1f\u4f7f\u9119\u4eba\u800c\u975e\u7231\u56fd\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u65e5\u672c\u6614\u65f6\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5f53\u4e5f\u3002\u4f7f\u9119\u4eba\u800c\u7231\u56fd\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u65e5\u672c\u4eca\u65e5\u4e4b\u8d23\u5907\u4e0d\u5f53\u4e5f\u3002\u201d[42]\u770b\u6765\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc3\u5b89\u7406\u5f97\u63a5\u53d7\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u91d1\u94b1\uff0c\u540c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52a8\u6240\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f00\u660e\u4e13\u5236\u800c\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u8fd9\u7c7b\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u679c\u5c31\u9887\u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u6709\u4e9b\u884c\u52a8\u81ea\u635f\u5c0a\u4e25\uff1a1914\u5e74\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5fa1\u7528\u53c2\u653f\u4f1a\uff0c\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u5c45\u7136\u53d7\u8058\u4e3a\u53c2\u653f\u5458\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fdb\u6b65\u515a\u5458\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5404\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\u6307\u8d23\u3002\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u5012\u884c\u9006\u65bd\uff0c\u5e73\u5e38\u5f80\u5f80\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u6240\u5411\u62ab\u9761\u7684\u5de8\u7b14\u63ed\u9732\u6279\u5224\uff1b\u8fdb\u6b65\u515a\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u65e5\u76ca\u6210\u957f\u7684\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\uff1b\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u672c\u8be5\u8ba9\u516c\u6c11\u7ad9\u51fa\u6765\u963b\u904f\u90aa\u6076\u7684\u7d27\u6025\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u6e05\u672b\u8bf7\u5f00\u56fd\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u90a3\u79cd\u4e00\u547c\u767e\u5e94\u3001\u6ce2\u6d9b\u6c79\u6d8c\u7684\u7fa4\u4f17\u653f\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\u5374\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u73b0\u3002\u5230\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u5927\u58f0\u75be\u547c\u201c\u5f02\u54c9\u6240\u8c13\u56fd\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u62a4\u56fd\u8fd0\u52a8\u53ea\u80fd\u8bc9\u8bf8\u6b66\u529b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u5730\u56de\u5f52\u4f20\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u6279\u5224\u9510\u6c14\u7684\u6d88\u51cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u5927\u8f6c\u5f2f\u30021902\u5e74\u4ed6\u6c14\u58ee\u5c71\u6cb3\u7684\u5b8f\u6587\u300a\u8bba\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u672f\u601d\u60f3\u53d8\u8fc1\u4e4b\u5927\u52bf\u300b\uff0c\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u6279\u5224\u603b\u7ed3\u4e2d\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u6587\u5316\u7684\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u542f\u8fea\u540e\u6606\uff0c\u80e1\u9002\u5c31\u5766\u8a00\u81ea\u5df1\u6df1\u53d7\u6559\u76ca\u3002\u6c11\u56fd\u521d\u5efa\uff0c\u8521\u5143\u57f9\u3001\u5510\u7ecd\u4eea\u3001\u6c6a\u7cbe\u536b\u7b49\u4eba\u4e3a\u56fd\u4eba\u7d20\u8d28\u8207\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0d\u9002\u5e94\u800c\u7126\u8651\uff0c\u544a\u8beb\u4eba\u4eec\u201c\u6570\u5343\u5e74\u541b\u6743\u3001\u795e\u6743\u4e4b\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u672a\u6cab\u3002\u5176\u4e0e\u5171\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u62b5\u89e6\u8005\u9887\u591a\u3002\u201d\u547c\u5401\u201c\u4ee5\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u53bb\u541b\u6743\u4e4b\u4e13\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u79d1\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u53bb\u795e\u6743\u4e4b\u8ff7\u4fe1\u3002\u201d[43]\u4e0e\u300a\u9752\u5e74\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u521b\u520a\u53f7\u6807\u699c\u7684\u201c\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u4eba\u6743\u201d\u524d\u540e\u547c\u5e94\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u5374\u62b9\u715e\u65b0\u65e7\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5fb7\u5fc5\u6709\u672c\uff0c\u4f55\u65b0\u975e\u65e7\uff1b\u5fb7\u8d35\u65f6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f55\u65e7\u975e\u65b0\u3002\u201d\u201c\u5f81\u5f15\u5916\u94c4\u4e4b\u65b0\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b32\u633d\u5185\u9677\u4e4b\u4eba\u5fc3\u2026\u2026\u5f92\u717d\u6000\u7591\u4e4b\u7130\uff0c\u76ca\u589e\u6b67\u8def\u4e4b\u4ea1\u201d\u3002\u628a\u786e\u7acb\u4f20\u7edf\u4f26\u5e38\u6216\u540d\u6559\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u62a5\u6069\u201d\u3001\u201c\u660e\u5206\u201d\u3001\u201c\u8651\u540e\u201d\u4e09\u4e2a\u9053\u5fb7\u89c4\u8303\u770b\u4f5c\u7d27\u8feb\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002[44]\u5b9e\u9645\u662f\u8981\u5f15\u5bfc\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6210\u4e3a\u5b89\u5206\u5b88\u5df1\u7684\u987a\u6c11\u3002\u5f53\u5e74\u6267\u8206\u8bba\u725b\u8033\u7684\u542f\u8499\u5927\u5e08\u7684\u6c14\u52bf\u6d88\u5931\u6b86\u5c3d\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u5eb7\u6709\u4e3a\u3001\u9648\u7115\u7ae0\u3001\u4e25\u590d\u7b49\u8054\u540d\u4e0a\u4e66\uff0c\u8bf7\u5b9a\u5b54\u6559\u4e3a\u56fd\u6559\uff01[45]\u800c\u5728\u4ed6\u6240\u8349\u62df\u7684\u5baa\u6cd5\u8349\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u7adf\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u201c\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b54\u5b50\u6559\u4e3a\u98ce\u5316\u5927\u672c\u3002\u201d[46]<\/p>\n

\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u5f53\u7136\u5e94\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u7d20\u517b\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u5e94\u6709\u516c\u6c11\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e14\u524d\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u540e\u8005\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u4f1a\u8d70\u5165\u8ff7\u9014\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u7684\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e86\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u542f\u8499\u8bc9\u6c42\uff1b\u800c\u8521\u5143\u57f9\u7b49\u4eba\u867d\u6709\u8b66\u89c9\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u4e13\u6ce8\u6b64\u4e8b\u7684\u5f00\u5c55\uff0c\u5f92\u7136\u7559\u4e0b\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0e\u5b9e\u4e8b\u65e0\u8865\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u7b49\u4eba\u4fdd\u6301\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u7684\u6279\u5224\u9510\u6c14\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u76d1\u7763\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u548c\u542f\u53d1\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u6cd5\u6cbb\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u65b0\u6587\u5316\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u706b\u70ac\u63d0\u65e9\u70b9\u71c3\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u5386\u53f2\u4f1a\u5448\u73b0\u522b\u6837\u98ce\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u5e94\u5fd8\u8bb0\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6559\u8bad<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u6709\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u5f88\u5e7f\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u6240\u4ee5\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u662f\u9769\u547d\u6d3e\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u52a8\u519c\u6c11\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u6562\u89e3\u51b3\u571f\u5730\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u519c\u6751\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u7ad9\u5f97\u4f4f\u811a\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5178\u578b\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bc1\u660e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6bd4\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u4efb\u4f55\u653f\u515a\u90fd\u9ad8\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bba\u65ad\u5c31\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u60f3\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u907f\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\uff0e\u9769\u547d\u6d3e\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u52a8\u519c\u6c11\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7eb7\u7eb7\u8fdb\u57ce\u7684\u201c\u6c11\u519b\u201d\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u961f\u4f0d\u90fd\u662f\u519c\u6c11\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7834\u4ea7\u519c\u6c11\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\u6216\u662f\u571f\u532a\u548c\u4f1a\u515a\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6c11\u56e2\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u8fdb\u57ce\u53ef\u5c31\u70ed\u95f9\u4e86\u3002\u6270\u4e71\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u6240\u5728\u7686\u6709\uff1b\u6709\u7684\u53ea\u597d\u52a8\u7528\u6b66\u529b\u5305\u56f4\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u5f3a\u884c\u89e3\u6563\u3002\u517b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5f88\u8d39\u94b1\uff1b\u8981\u9063\u6563\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u8d39\u7528\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\uff1b\u8fd9\u662f\u6c11\u56fd\u521d\u5e74\u8d22\u653f\u4e0d\u582a\u91cd\u8d1f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

2\uff0e\u600e\u6837\u89e3\u51b3\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6751\u4eba\u53e3\u7206\u70b8\u95ee\u9898\uff1f\u5206\u7530\u5206\u5730\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u7834\u574f\u540e\u679c\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u771f\u6b63\u5438\u6536\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fc7\u5269\u4eba\u53e3\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u53d1\u5c55\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5de5\u5546\u4e1a\uff0c\u6784\u7b51\u5168\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u8ba9\u519c\u6c11\u878d\u5165\u73b0\u4ee3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8bb0\uff0c\u534e\u5317\u519c\u6751\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u5e73\u5206\u571f\u5730\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4e8e\u4e8b\u65e0\u8865\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u8fde\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u3001\u6881\u58eb\u8bd2\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6d77\u5185\u5916\u5b66\u8005\u65e9\u6709\u5b9a\u8bba\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u7559\u7ed9\u540e\u4eba\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6559\u8bad\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u6211\u60f3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u4e0d\u5e94\u5fd8\u8bb0\u7684\u662f\u4e24\u6761\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u5bf9\u5f00\u660e\u4e13\u5236\u62b1\u4e0d\u5207\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u540e\uff0c\u6d77\u5185\u5916\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u628a\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e2d\u56fd\u7edf\u4e00\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u5bc4\u6258\u5728\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u4e5f\u5904\u5fc3\u79ef\u8651\u60f3\u628a\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5f80\u5f00\u660e\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\u5f15\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u665a\u6e05\u548c\u6c11\u521d\u7684\u65b0\u653f\u5c31\u662f\u8bc1\u660e\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5b9e\u884c\u7684\u662f\u5f00\u660e\u653f\u7b56\uff1b\u4ed6\u662f\u5b9e\u884c\u5f00\u660e\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u5178\u578b\u3002\u4f46\u4ece\u5236\u5ea6\u5c42\u9762\u53bb\u754c\u5b9a\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e0e\u4e13\u5236\u65e0\u6cd5\u6df7\u540c\uff1b\u5f00\u660e\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\u4e13\u5236\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4f1a\u8bae\u5236\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u660e\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5927\u6e05\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\u8981\u4e0b\u4e00\u9053\u201c\u4e0a\u8c15\uff08\u5723\u65e8\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u5148\u7ecf\u519b\u673a\u5904\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u62df\u597d\u7a3f\u5b50\uff0c\u518d\u5448\u9001\u7687\u5e1d\u5708\u5b9a\uff1b\u6700\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8fd8\u8981\u5f00\u89c4\u6a21\u9887\u5927\u7684\u5fa1\u524d\u4f1a\u8bae\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u4ee5\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e9f\u4e86\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u548c\u56fd\u4f1a\u540e\uff0c\u5927\u4e8b\u4ecd\u7136\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u653f\u4e8b\u5802\u548c\u53c2\u653f\u4f1a\u8ba8\u8bba\uff1b\u4f46\u6700\u540e\u51b3\u5b9a\u6743\u5728\u4ed6\u624b\u4e0a\uff0c\u63a5\u7eb3\u610f\u89c1\u4e0e\u5426\uff0c\u5168\u51ed\u4ed6\u7684\u51b3\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5f00\u660e\u4e13\u5236\u4e0d\u662f\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f5c\u7528\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u786e\u5b9e\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fc7\u5c40\u52bf\uff0c\u4f7f\u8d24\u4efb\u80fd\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u8fc7\u82f1\u660e\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u9886\u8896\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f5c\u51fa\u532a\u5937\u6240\u601d\u7684\u8352\u5510\u4e3e\u63aa\u3002\u4e0d\u53d7\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u6743\u529b\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5371\u9669\u7684\u3002\u5f90\u4e16\u660c\u8bf4\u8fc7\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff1a\u201c\u9879\u57ce\u4e00\u751f\u8d70\u7a33\u7740\uff0c\u72ec\u5e1d\u5236\u4e00\u5e55\u8d8b\u4e8e\u9669\u7740\uff0c\u6b64\u4f59\u4e4b\u4e0d\u89e3\u8005\u3002\u201d[47]\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5f3a\u8005\u90fd\u6709\u5f31\u70b9\uff0c\u72ec\u65ad\u72ec\u884c\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5236\u5ea6\u7ea6\u675f,\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5931\u53bb\u53cd\u5bf9\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u548c\u5236\u7ea6\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u56e2\u4f53\u603b\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u8981\u51fa\u9519\uff1b\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5f00\u660e\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u5371\u9669\u6240\u5728\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u56fd\u717d\u52a8\u4e2a\u4eba\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u6b6a\u98ce\u4ece\u672a\u6b62\u606f;\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u707e\u7978\u786e\u5b9e\u7f44\u7af9\u96be\u4e66\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u611a\u6c11\u672f\u5c45\u7136\u8fd8\u6709\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u803b\u8fb1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cb\uff1a\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5408\u529b\uff1b\u6050\u6015\u602a\u4e0d\u4e86\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8881\uff1a\u8fd9\u6d89\u53ca\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5e94\u5fd8\u8bb0\u7684\u6559\u8bad\uff1a\u6b63\u89c6\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6446\u8131\u6c11\u65cf\u60c5\u7eea\u7f81\u7eca\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u542c\u4fe1\u201c\u6587\u5316\u4fb5\u7565\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6587\u5316\u6b96\u6c11\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4e0d\u201d\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u86ca\u60d1\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u7531\u4ea4\u6d41\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u6587\u5316\u66f4\u65b0\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u6e29\u6c11\u56fd\u53f2\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a\u5b57\uff1a\u5728\u52ab\u96be\u9003\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u5386\u53f2\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u8bf4\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6837\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u662f\u73af\u5883\u548c\u4e2a\u6027\u51dd\u805a\u6210\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\u73af\u5883\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u4e1c\u65b9\u5404\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u9996\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u6446\u8131\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u91cd\u8d1f\uff0c\u5438\u6536\u5916\u6765\u5148\u8fdb\u6587\u5316\u3002\u4ed4\u7ec6\u60f3\u60f3\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u3001\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3001\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u88ad\u4f20\u7edf\u592a\u591a\u800c\u5931\u8d25\u7684\uff1f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u6446\u8131\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u8d1f\u9762\u56e0\u7d20\u6240\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6beb\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u4e2a\u6027\u56e0\u7d20\u5b70\u8f7b\u5b70\u91cd\uff1f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5728\u9cee\u751f\u65e6\u3001\u65e6\u751f\u9cee\u7684\u8ff7\u5bab\u4e2d\u6253\u8f6c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u9003\u8131\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7f81\u7eca\u3002\u591a\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4ee5\u75db\u9a82\u67d0\u4eba\u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db3\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u591a\u6ce8\u610f\u4e2a\u4eba\u8a00\u884c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6559\u8bad\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u6709\u70b9\u9053\u7406\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u628a\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u53d7\u963b\u5f52\u7f6a\u6ca1\u6709\u8ba4\u540c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5c31\u7eaf\u5c5e\u8fc7\u616e\u4e86\u3002\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u6070\u6070\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u5305\u88b1\u592a\u91cd\uff0c\u800c\u5065\u5168\u7684\u6587\u5316\u66f4\u65b0\u4f53\u5236\u5c1a\u672a\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\uff0c90\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u4f17\u8bf4\u7eb7\u7ead\u3002\u8fb1\u627f\u53cb\u4eba\u4e0b\u95ee\uff0c\u4e0d\u63e3\u6d45\u964b\uff0c\u4ec5\u5c31\u82e5\u5e72\u7591\u70b9\uff0c\u656c\u732e\u520d\u835b\u3002 \u5386\u53f2\u94fe\u63a5\u770b\u201c\u9769\u547d\u201d \u53cb\uff1a\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8],"tags":[324,59],"views":368,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17140"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17140"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17140\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18151,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17140\/revisions\/18151"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17140"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}