{"id":19687,"date":"2023-02-08T07:45:25","date_gmt":"2023-02-07T23:45:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=19687"},"modified":"2023-02-08T07:45:25","modified_gmt":"2023-02-07T23:45:25","slug":"%e8%8a%ac%e5%85%b0%e7%9a%84%e6%9b%bc%e7%ba%b3%e6%b5%b7%e5%a7%86%e9%98%b2%e7%ba%bf1927-1939","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=19687","title":{"rendered":"\u82ac\u5170\u7684\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u9632\u7ebf1927-1939"},"content":{"rendered":"

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<\/p>\n

\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u9632\u7ebf\u5927\u4e8b\u8bb0<\/strong><\/p>\n

1917<\/strong>\u5e74<\/strong><\/p>\n

11<\/strong>\u670817<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u7206\u53d1\uff08\u5112\u7565\u538610<\/strong>\u670825<\/strong>\u65e5\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

12<\/strong>\u67086<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u82ac\u5170\u5ba3\u5e03\u8131\u79bb\u4fc4\u56fd\u72ec\u7acb<\/strong><\/p>\n

1920<\/strong>\u5e74<\/strong><\/p>\n

10<\/strong>\u670814<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u82ac\u5170\u548c\u82cf\u8054\u5728\u5854\u5c14\u56fe\u7b7e\u8ba2\u548c\u7ea6<\/strong><\/p>\n

20<\/strong>\u4e16\u7eaa20<\/strong>\u5e74\u4ee3\uff1a\u5361\u7d2f\u5229\u963f\u5730\u533a\u82ac\u5170\u9632\u7ebf\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u5efa\u8bbe\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210<\/strong><\/p>\n

20<\/strong>\u4e16\u7eaa30<\/strong>\u5e74\u4ee3\uff1a\u82ac\u5170\u5bf9\u5361\u7d2f\u5229\u963f\u5730\u533a\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u8bbe\u65bd\u8fdb\u884c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u6539\u9020<\/strong><\/p>\n

1939<\/strong>\u5e74<\/strong><\/p>\n

8-9<\/strong>\u6708\u95f4\uff1a\u6765\u81ea\u82ac\u5170\u5168\u56fd\u7684\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u4eec\u7740\u624b\u5b8c\u5584\u5361\u7d2f\u5229\u963f\u5730\u533a\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u4f53\u7cfb<\/strong><\/p>\n

8<\/strong>\u670823<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u5fb7\u56fd\u5916\u957f\u91cc\u5bbe\u7279\u6d1b\u752b\u548c\u82cf\u8054\u5916\u957f\u83ab\u6d1b\u6258\u592b\u7b7e\u8ba2\u300a\u82cf\u5fb7\u4e92\u4e0d\u4fb5\u72af\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff08\u53c8\u540d\u83ab\u6d1b\u6258\u592b-<\/strong>\u91cc\u5bbe\u7279\u6d1b\u752b\u6761\u7ea6\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

9<\/strong>\u67081<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u5fb7\u56fd\u5165\u4fb5\u6ce2\u5170<\/strong><\/p>\n

9<\/strong>\u670817<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u82cf\u8054\u5165\u4fb5\u6ce2\u5170<\/strong><\/p>\n

10<\/strong>\u6708-11<\/strong>\u6708\uff1a\u9488\u5bf9\u5361\u7d2f\u5229\u963f\u5730\u533a\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u82ac\uff0c\u82cf\u53cc\u65b9\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u82e5\u5e72\u6b21\u4f1a\u8c08\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u53d6\u5f97\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6210\u679c<\/strong><\/p>\n

11<\/strong>\u670826<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u82cf\u8054\u5236\u9020\u201c\u8fc8\u5c3c\u62c9\u4e8b\u4ef6\u201d\uff08Mainila incident\u00a0<\/strong>\u5927\u81f4\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5c31\u662f\u82cf\u8054\u7528\u706b\u70ae\u8f70\u51fb\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u54e8\u6240\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u8bec\u9677\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u4fb5\u72af\u56fd\u571f\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\u5bf9\u82ac\u5170\u52a8\u6b66\u7684\u501f\u53e3<\/strong><\/p>\n

11<\/strong>\u670829<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u82cf\u8054\u65ad\u7edd\u4e86\u548c\u82ac\u5170\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong><\/p>\n

12<\/strong>\u670817-23<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u82cf\u519b\u8fdb\u653b\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u9632\u7ebf\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u83b7\u5f97\u6210\u529f<\/strong><\/p>\n

12<\/strong>\u670823<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u82ac\u5170\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\u7684\u53cd\u51fb<\/strong><\/p>\n

12<\/strong>\u670824-27<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u82cf\u519b\u518d\u6b21\u8fdb\u653b\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u5931\u8d25<\/strong><\/p>\n

1940<\/strong>\u5e74<\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/strong>\u6708\uff1a\u82cf\u519b\u7740\u624b\u51c6\u5907\u5bf9\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u9632\u7ebf\u53d1\u8d77\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u653b\u52bf<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

2<\/strong>\u67081-3<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u82cf\u519b\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u8bd5\u63a2\u6027\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u540c\u82cf\u9a6c\uff08Summa<\/strong>\uff09\u4e00\u5e26\u7684Sk2<\/strong>\u7889\u5821\u4ea4\u706b\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u7b2c355<\/strong>\u6b65\u5175\u56e2\u593a\u53d6\u4e86Sk1<\/strong>\uff0cSk2<\/strong>\u4e24\u5ea7\u7889\u5821<\/strong><\/p>\n

2<\/strong>\u670811<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u82cf\u519b\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u4e3e\u8fdb\u653b\uff0c\u83b1\u5fb7\uff08L\u00e4hde<\/strong>\uff09\u5730\u533a\u7684\u9632\u7ebf\u906d\u5230\u7a81\u7834\uff0cSj4<\/strong>\u7889\u5821\u88ab\u653b\u9677<\/strong><\/p>\n

2<\/strong>\u670813<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1aSj5<\/strong>\u7889\u5821\u5931\u5b88<\/strong><\/p>\n

2<\/strong>\u670815<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u82ac\u519b\u7edf\u5e05\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u5143\u5e05\u572815<\/strong>\u70b9\u65f6\u547d\u4ee4\u82ac\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u540e\u64a4\u81f3\u4e2d\u95f4\u9632\u7ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n

2<\/strong>\u670820-28<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u5728\u8428\u5c14\u95e8\u51ef\u5854\uff08Salmenkaita<\/strong>\uff09\u5730\u533a\u53d1\u751f\u4ea4\u6218<\/strong><\/p>\n

2<\/strong>\u670817-28<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u5728\u83ab\u62c9\uff08Muolaa<\/strong>\uff09\u5730\u533a\u53d1\u751f\u4ea4\u6218<\/strong><\/p>\n

2<\/strong>\u670828<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u4e0b\u5348\u65f6\u82ac\u519b\u653e\u5f03\u4e2d\u95f4\u9632\u7ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n

3<\/strong>\u67081-13<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u82cf\u519b\u4ece\u51b0\u4e0a\u8d8a\u8fc7\u7ef4\u5821\u6e7e\uff0c\u5e76\u5a01\u80c1\u5bf9\u7ef4\u5821(Vyborg<\/strong>\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4e8e1940<\/strong>\u5e74\u5272\u7ed9\u82cf\u8054\uff0c\u73b0\u540d\u7ef4\u666e\u91cc)<\/strong>\u5b9e\u65bd\u56f4\u57ce<\/strong><\/p>\n

3<\/strong>\u670812<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u82cf\uff0c\u82ac\u53cc\u65b9\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u5728\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7b7e\u8ba2\u4f11\u6218\u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/p>\n

3<\/strong>\u670813<\/strong>\u65e5\uff1a\u4e2d\u5348\u65f6\u5206\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f11\u6218\u534f\u8bae\u6b63\u5f0f\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u4ea4\u6218\u53cc\u65b9\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\u4e00\u5207\u519b\u4e8b\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u5c06\u5361\u7d2f\u5229\u963f\u5730\u533a\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u571f\u5730\u5272\u8ba9\u7ed9\u82cf\u8054<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590f\u5b63\uff1a\u82cf\u8054\u5de5\u5175\u5bf9\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u9632\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5269\u4f59\u7889\u5821\u5b9e\u65bd\u7206\u7834\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u540e\u9000\u4fee\u7b51\u65b0\u7684\u9632\u7ebf\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u8428\u5c14\u5e15\uff08Salpa<\/strong>\uff09\u9632\u7ebf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u82ac\uff0c\u82cf\u53cc\u65b9\u65b0\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u5728\u6c49\u79d1\u534a\u5c9b\uff08Hanko Peninsula<\/strong>\uff09\u4fee\u7b51\u54c8\u5e15\u65af\u514b\u683c\uff08Harparskog<\/strong>\uff09\u9632\u7ebf\uff0c\u6c49\u79d1\u534a\u5c9b\u88ab\u82cf\u8054\u79df\u7528\u505a\u6d77\u519b\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u79df\u671f\u4e3a30<\/strong>\u5e74\uff081941<\/strong>\u5e74\u201c\u7eed\u6218\u201d\u671f\u95f4\u82cf\u8054\u653e\u5f03\u8be5\u5c9b\uff0c1947<\/strong>\u5e74\u53cc\u65b9\u4e2d\u6b62\u4e86\u79df\u7ea6\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9632\u7ebf\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5efa\u9020<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u6c38\u5907\u5de5\u4e8b\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u5efa\u8bbe<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5efa\u56fd\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u5728\u5361\u7d2f\u5229\u963f\u4fee\u7b51\u4e3b\u9632\u7ebf\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8ba8\u8bba\u548c\u5ba1\u6838\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u5176\u8d70\u5411\u5b9a\u4e3a\u7531\u897f\u5411\u4e1c\u7ecf\u4f26\u73c0\u8482\uff08R\u00f6mp\u00f6tti\uff09\uff0c\u5361\u5c14\u80e1\u62c9\uff08Karhula\uff09\uff0c\u82cf\u9a6c\uff0c\u96f7\u6d3e\u7d22\uff08Leip\u00e4suo\uff09\uff0c\u83ab\u62c9\uff0c\u8428\u5c14\u95e8\u51ef\u5854\u7b49\u5c45\u6c11\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u798f\u514b\u897f\u6cb3\uff08River Vuoksi\uff09\u548c\u82cf\u4e07\u6258\u6e56\uff08Suvanto Lake\uff09\u7684\u5317\u5cb8\u3002\u8fd9\u6761\u9632\u7ebf\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u5730\u5f62\uff0c\u627c\u5b88\u7740\u51e0\u6761\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u516c\u8def\u548c\u94c1\u8def\uff0c\u5728\u5766\u514b\u80fd\u591f\u8f7b\u6613\u8fbe\u6210\u7a81\u7834\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u9632\u5b88\u66f4\u52a0\u4e25\u5bc6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5efa\u6210\u7684\u5934\u4e00\u6279\u5de5\u4e8b\u89c4\u6a21\u90fd\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6570\u91cf\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5de5\u4e8b\u662f\u5728\u524d\u9762\u5f00\u6709\u5c04\u51fb\u53e3\u7684\u673a\u67aa\u7889\u5821\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7889\u5821\u5f88\u7b80\u964b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u901a\u98ce\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u6f5c\u671b\u955c\uff0c\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u673a\u67aa\u67b6\u7b49\u4e13\u7528\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u751a\u81f3\u8fde\u95e8\u677f\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6c34\u6ce5\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5e38\u5e38\u4e0d\u5c3d\u4eba\u610f\uff0c\u7889\u5821\u91cc\u4ec5\u6709\u7684\u94a2\u7ed3\u6784\u6784\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u652f\u6491\u7889\u5821\u9876\u90e8\u7684H\u5f62\u94a2\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7889\u5821\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u9632\u5fa1\u91cd\u70b9\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u5efa\u5728\u516c\u8def\u548c\u94c1\u8def\u65c1\u8fb9\uff0c\u5e76\u5c3d\u91cf\u5229\u7528\u5730\u5f62\u6765\u589e\u5f3a\u9632\u5fa1\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5982\u501f\u52a9\u6cb3\u6d41\uff0c\u6eaa\u6d41\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5929\u7136\u969c\u788d\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7889\u5821\u9ad8\u51fa\u5730\u9762\u4e0d\u5c11\uff0c\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u663e\u5f97\u7279\u522b\u663e\u773c\uff0c\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u548c\u5e73\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7889\u5821\u65e2\u6ca1\u4eba\u770b\u5b88\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u65bd\u52a0\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u4f2a\u88c5\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u82cf\u8054\u95f4\u8c0d\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6e9c\u5230\u9632\u5fa1\u533a\u5185\uff0c\u7ed8\u51fa\u5de5\u4e8b\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u56fe\uff0c\u5e76\u62cd\u4e0b\u7889\u5821\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u4eba\u53bb\u6293\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u7889\u5821\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9632\u5fa1\u5de5\u4e8b\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u63a9\u853d\u6240\u548c\u6218\u58d5\u7b49\u3002\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d22\u653f\u7d27\u5f20\uff0c20\u5e74\u4ee3\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u6279\u9632\u5fa1\u5de5\u4e8b\u8d28\u91cf\u90fd\u4e0d\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u82cf\u4e07\u6258\u6e56\u548c\u798f\u514b\u897f\u6cb3\u5317\u5cb8\u5efa\u9020\u7684\u5821\u5792\u5374\u975e\u5e38\u68d2\u3002\u6bcf\u5ea7\u5821\u5792\u90fd\u67094\u4e2a\u5c04\u51fb\u53e3\uff0c\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c04\u51fb\u53e3\u7684\u706b\u529b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u5f62\u6210\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5821\u5792\u8fd8\u5e26\u6709\u7528\u4e8e\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u8fd1\u8ddd\u79bb\u9632\u5fa1\u7684\u88c5\u7532\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u3002\u5821\u5792\u88c5\u5907\u7684\u706b\u70ae\u90fd\u662f\u745e\u5178\u6885\u52d2\uff08Meller\uff09\u548c\u8bfa\u767b\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\uff08Nordenfeldt\uff09\u516c\u53f8\u751f\u4ea7\u76842\u82f1\u5bf8\u62163\u82f1\u5bf8\u706b\u70ae\u3002\u603b\u5171\u67096\u4e2a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5821\u5792\u5206\u5e03\u57286\u4e2a\u6e56\u5cac\u5904\uff0c\u5efa\u5728\u591a\u6c99\u7684\u5c71\u5761\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ece\u6e56\u7684\u5bf9\u5cb8\u662f\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5361\u7d2f\u5229\u963f\u5730\u533a\u7684\u82ac\u519b\u9632\u5fa1\u4f53\u7cfb\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u82ac\u5170\u6e7e\u53ca\u62c9\u591a\u52a0\u6e56\u5730\u533a\u7684\u70ae\u53f0\u548c\u5821\u5792\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4e8b\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f20-30\u5e74\u4ee3\u65b0\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5219\u662f\u6c99\u4fc4\u65f6\u4ee3\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u70ae\u53f0\u5206\u522b\u662f\u5728\u62c9\u591a\u52a0\u6e56\u6cf0\u5e15\u5c14\uff08Taipale\uff09\u5730\u533a\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5361\u5c14\u7eb3\u7ea6\u57fa\uff08Kaarnajoki\uff0c\u88c5\u59076\u95e8254mm\u70ae\uff0c\u4e24\u95e8152mm\u70ae\uff09\u548c\u8036\u5229\u745f\u74e6\uff08J\u00e4risev\u00e4,\uff0c\u4e24\u95e8120mm\u70ae\uff09\u70ae\u53f0\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5728\u82ac\u5170\u6e7e\u4e00\u5e26\u7684\u9ad8\u7ef4\u4f0a\u65af\u6258\u5217\u5c9b\u5b88\u5907\u70ae\u53f0\uff08Koivisto archipelago batteries \uff0c\u5171\u67096\u95e8254mm\u70ae\uff0c\u4e24\u95e8152mm\u70ae\uff09\uff0c\u80e1\u9a6c\u7ea6\u57fa\u5821\u5792\uff08Humaljoki Fort\uff0c8\u95e8152mm\u70ae\uff0c4\u95e857mm\u70ae\uff09\uff0c\u56fe\u666e\u4e4c\u62c9\u5821\u5792\uff08Tuppura Fort\uff0c4\u95e8152mm\u70ae\uff0c2\u95e857mm\u70ae\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u96f7\u65af\u8482\u6d85\u7c73\u70ae\u53f0\uff08Ristiniemi Battery,\u4e24\u95e8254mm\u70ae\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

2.30\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u6539\u9020\u5de5\u7a0b<\/p>\n

\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5c40\u52bf\u6108\u53d1\u52a8\u8361\u4e0d\u5b89\uff0c\u4e3a\u9632\u5907\u53ef\u80fd\u5230\u6765\u7684\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u653f\u5e9c\u91cd\u542f\u4e86\u5361\u7d2f\u5229\u963f\u5730\u533a\u9632\u5fa1\u5de5\u4e8b\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u56de\u82ac\u5170\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u578b\u53f7\u7684\u7889\u5821\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u50cfSj5\u201c\u767e\u4e07\u5bcc\u7fc1\uff08Miljoonalinake\uff09\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5927\u578b\u7889\u5821\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fd8\u662f\u5bf9\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5de5\u4e8b\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u9020\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u7ee7\u7eed\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e4b\u524d\u70c2\u5c3e\u7684\u82f1\u57fa\u83b1\uff08Inkil\u00e4\uff09\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u7a0b\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u5165\u4fb5\u4e4b\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u6765\u5f97\u53ca\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u5728\u83b1\u5fb7\u5730\u533a\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u5ea7\u7279\u522b\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7889\u5821\uff0c\u5728\u5b83\u7684\u5916\u5899\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u94a2\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u642d\u914d\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u7528\u91cd\u70ae\u8f70\u51fb\uff0c\u4ee5\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u7ed3\u5b9e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u7528\u5728\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u5de5\u4e8b\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u503e\u89d2\u7684\u88c5\u7532\u677f\u52a0\u56fa\u9632\u62a4\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5bf9\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u7889\u5821\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e4b\u524d\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u7889\u5821\u7684\u5916\u5899\u548c\u9876\u90e8\u90fd\u7528\u94a2\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u52a0\u539a\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd8\u52a0\u76d6\u4e86\u4fa7\u5ba4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6b63\u9762\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5c04\u51fb\u53e3\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4ece\u7889\u5821\u7684\u4fa7\u9762\u4e5f\u80fd\u5f00\u706b\u4e86\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u65e7\u7889\u5821\u88ab\u6539\u5efa\u6210\u4e86\u63a9\u853d\u90e8\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u52a0\u88c5\u4e86\u88c5\u7532\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5361\u7d2f\u5229\u963f\u5730\u533a\u9632\u5fa1\u5de5\u4e8b\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e4b\u89c4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6309\u7167\u5f53\u5730\u5730\u5f62\u5730\u8c8c\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u505a\u5230\u56e0\u5730\u5236\u5b9c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7889\u5821\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u5168\u90fd\u9075\u5faa\u540c\u6837\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u540c\u6837\u7684\u706b\u529b\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Sj5\u201c\u767e\u4e07\u5bcc\u7fc1\u201d\u7889\u5821\u662f\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u9632\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6700\u51fa\u540d\u7684\u4e00\u5904\u9632\u5fa1\u5de5\u4e8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u7247\u518d\u73b0\u4e861939\u5e74\u51ac\u5b63\u65f6\u7889\u5821\u7684\u5168\u666f\u3002\u8fd9\u5ea7\u7889\u5821\u88c5\u5907\u4e864\u633a\u91cd\u673a\u67aa\uff0c\u5e26\u67093\u5ea7\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u3002\u5730\u4e0b\u7684\u5c45\u4f4f\u533a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb320-40\u4eba\uff0c\u67093\u5904\u706b\u529b\u70b9\u3002\u5176\u5efa\u8bbe\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ece1937\u5e74\u6301\u7eed\u52301939\u5e74\uff0c\u5b8c\u5de5\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5361\u7d2f\u5229\u963f\u5730\u533a\u9632\u5fa1\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n

3.\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u9632\u7ebf\u7684\u6b66\u5668\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n

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4.\u7889\u5821\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n

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\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u9632\u7ebf\u7684\u91ce\u6218\u9632\u5fa1\u8bbe\u65bd<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u6218\u58d5<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5c40\u52bf\u7d27\u5f20\u76841939\u5e7410-11\u6708\u95f4\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u5f00\u6398\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6218\u58d5\u3002\u82ac\u5170\u6218\u58d5\u6df1\u7ea6\u4e24\u7c73\uff0c\u5728\u6218\u4f4d\u4e0a\u5e26\u6709\u53f0\u9636\uff0c\u4fa7\u58c1\u4e0a\u6709\u6728\u677f\u652f\u6491\uff0c\u5411\u7740\u524d\u7ebf\u4e00\u4fa7\u7684\u4fa7\u58c1\u4e0a\u5f00\u51ff\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u653e\u7f6e\u5f39\u836f\u7684\u58c1\u9f9b\uff0c\u201c\u51ac\u6218\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u540e\uff0c\u8feb\u4e8e\u82cf\u519b\u70ae\u706b\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u6740\u4f24\u529b\uff0c\u53c8\u5728\u6218\u58d5\u4fa7\u58c1\u4e0a\u5f00\u51fa\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4f9b\u58eb\u5175\u85cf\u8eab\u7684\u732b\u8033\u6d1e\u3002\u5728\u5982\u6885\u5c14\u514b\u57fa\uff08Merkki\uff09\uff0c\u5854\u5174\u62c9\u66fc\u7279\uff08Tassionlamment\uff09\u548c\u7a46\u90a3\u7d22\uff08Munasuo\uff09\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cbc\u6cfd\u5730\u5e26\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5411\u4e0b\u5f00\u6398\u6218\u58d5\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u6ce5\u6dd6\u7684\u4e0a\u8fb9\u5efa\u8bbe\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6218\u58d5\u7684\u91ce\u6218\u5de5\u4e8b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5806\u8d77\u4e24\u9053\u7528\u539f\u6728\u52a0\u56fa\u7684\u571f\u5899\uff0c\u4ee5\u8ba9\u9632\u5fa1\u8005\u5728\u5176\u95f4\u5bb9\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u6218\u58d5\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u6b65\u5175\u6392\u9632\u5fa1\u9635\u5730\uff0c\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u63a9\u62a4\u4fa7\u7ffc\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5168\u5411\u706b\u529b\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f85\u52a9\u9635\u5730\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u654c\u519b\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9632\u5fa1\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u4ea4\u901a\u58d5\u76f8\u8fde\u901a\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u9632\u5fa1\u4f53\u7cfb\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u636e\u70b9\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u51ac\u6218\u201d\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u8981\u5411\u82ac\u519b\u9635\u5730\u503e\u6cfb12000\u679a\u5404\u79cd\u578b\u53f7\u7684\u70ae\u5f39\uff0c\u6218\u58d5\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u70b8\u584c\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u88ab\u7206\u70b8\u6380\u8d77\u7684\u6ce5\u571f\uff0c\u6742\u7269\u6240\u586b\u585e\u3002\u597d\u5728\u82ac\u5170\u5de5\u5175\u662f\u795e\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51b0\u51b7\u523a\u9aa8\u7684\u665a\u4e0a\u90fd\u4f1a\u6084\u6084\u7684\u628a\u6218\u58d5\u4fee\u6574\u597d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5907\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u518d\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82ac\u5170\u5b88\u519b\u8fd8\u5728\u6218\u58d5\u80f8\u5899\u4f4d\u7f6e\u88c5\u5907\u4e86\u5355\u4eba\u6b65\u5175\u62a4\u76fe\uff0c\u62a4\u76fe\u6b63\u9762\u5448\u77e9\u5f62\uff0c\u5e26\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u6b66\u5668\u5c04\u51fb\u5b54\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u8584\u7684\u9876\u677f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u62b5\u5fa1\u666e\u901a\u6b65\u67aa\u5f39\u548c\u70ae\u5f39\u7834\u7247\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u5766\u514b\u5175\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u7528\u4e3b\u70ae\u653b\u51fb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u62a4\u76fe\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u82ac\u5170\u6b65\u5175\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u8f6c\u79fb\u9635\u5730\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u88ab\u82cf\u8054\u5766\u514b\u76f4\u63a5\u547d\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u6728\u8d28\u5730\u5821<\/p>\n

\u5728\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u9632\u7ebf\u4e00\u5e26\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6728\u8d28\u5730\u5821\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u63a9\u853d\u90e8\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5219\u662f\u673a\u67aa\u706b\u529b\u70b9\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u6240\u5728\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u9632\u5fa1\u529b\u91cf\u2014\u2014\u6c38\u5907\u5de5\u4e8b\u7684\u8865\u5145\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u5821\u5c3a\u5bf8\uff0c\u6750\u6599\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u91ce\u6218\u5de5\u4e8b\u624b\u518c\u5c31\u5728\u624b\u8fb9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u82ac\u5170\u524d\u7ebf\u90e8\u961f\u8fd8\u662f\u66f4\u559c\u6b22\u7efc\u5408\u8003\u8651\u5730\u5f62\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5efa\u6750\uff0c\u6c34\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6765\u6784\u7b51\u5730\u5821\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u82ac\u519b\u91ce\u6218\u624b\u518c\u4e0a\u6240\u8bb2\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6728\u8d28\u5730\u5821\u63a9\u853d\u90e8\u5e94\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u4e0b\u7ea68m\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fa\u5165\u53e3\uff0c\u5e26\u6709\u901a\u98ce\u548c\u53d6\u6696\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5728\u9876\u90e8\u8986\u76d6\u6709\u5ca9\u77f3\u6216\u8005\u571f\u58e4\u3002\u636e\u82ac\u5170\u5de5\u5175\u4eec\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u5730\u5821\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u4ee5\u62b5\u5fa1152mm\u53e3\u5f84\u70ae\u5f39\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u5821\u90fd\u8fbe\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u91cd\u70ae\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u4e0b\u663e\u5f97\u683c\u5916\u8106\u5f31\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u600e\u4e48\u6837\uff0c\u57281939-1940\u5e74\u4e4b\u95f4\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e25\u9177\u7684\u51ac\u5929\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u5821\u8d77\u7801\u80fd\u4e3a\u6b63\u5728\u4f11\u606f\u7684\u82ac\u519b\u58eb\u5175\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u70b9\u6e29\u6696\u548c\u4e00\u70b9\u5e87\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6728\u8d28\u673a\u67aa\u5730\u5821\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u5c01\u95ed\u6c38\u5907\u5de5\u4e8b\u706b\u529b\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7f3a\u53e3\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u53ea\u914d\u6709\u4e00\u633a\u673a\u67aa\uff0c\u4f46\u5c04\u51fb\u53e3\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u5361\u7d2f\u5229\u963f\u5730\u533a\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u7b2c7\u519b\u70ae\u5175\u603b\u6307\u6325\u5c3c\u79d1\u83b1\u00b7\u6c83\u7f57\u8bfa\u592b\uff08Nikolai Voronov\uff09\u526f\u519b\u957f\uff0c\u66fe\u5728\u6218\u540e\u5411\u5176\u4e0a\u7ea7\u9012\u4ea4\u5982\u4e0b\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u82ac\u519b\u9632\u5fa1\u706b\u529b\u7684\u5e03\u7f6e\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2026\u2026\u5361\u7d2f\u5229\u963f\u5730\u5ce1\u4e00\u5e26\u7684\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\uff0c\u88c5\u7532\u53ca\u6728\u8d28\u9632\u5fa1\u5de5\u4e8b\u90fd\u7279\u522b\u5951\u5408\u5730\u5f62\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u90fd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u7cbe\u5fc3\u4f2a\u88c5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4e8b\u90fd\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u5c71\u5761\u53cd\u659c\u9762\uff0c\u6797\u5730\u8fb9\u7f18\uff0c\u5c0f\u6811\u6797\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6216\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u969c\u788d\u7269\u7684\u80cc\u540e\u3002\u82ac\u519b\u9632\u5b88\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u7889\u5821\u4fa7\u7ffc\u7684\u706b\u529b\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8fde\u7ef5\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u673a\u67aa\uff0c\u8feb\u51fb\u70ae\u548c\u70ae\u5175\u706b\u529b\u3002\u82ac\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u7ecf\u5e38\u5411\u88ab\u5176\u53cb\u519b\u6b63\u9762\u7275\u5236\u4f4f\u7684\u6211\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u4e24\u4fa7\u53d1\u52a8\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u6211\u519b\u867d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u81ea\u52a8\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u90fd\u5728\u8fdb\u653b\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u524d\u65b9\u2026\u2026\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u90e8\u961f\u4fa7\u7ffc\u706b\u529b\u8d2b\u5f31\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff09\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

3.\u969c\u788d\u7269<\/p>\n

\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u9632\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u53cd\u6b65\u5175\u969c\u788d\u7269\u662f\u5e26\u523a\u94c1\u4e1d\u7f51\u548c\u94c1\u7bf1\u7b06\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f83\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u969c\u788d\u7269\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u83b1\u5fb7\u548c\u8428\u5c14\u95e8\u51ef\u5854\u5730\u533a\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u67b6\u5728\u957f\u77db\u72b6\u94a2\u68cd\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7684\u5e26\u523a\u94c1\u4e1d\u7f51\uff0c\u5e26\u523a\u94c1\u4e1d\u53ea\u9ad8\u51fa\u5730\u8868\u7ea630-40\u5398\u7c73\uff0c\u800c\u94a2\u68cd\u5168\u957f\u67091.5\u7c73\u2014\u2014\u5176\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u88ab\u9489\u8fdb\u4e86\u5730\u91cc\uff0c\u5728\u51ac\u5929\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u51bb\u65f6\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u7ed3\u5b9e\u3002\u51ac\u5929\u65f6\uff0c\u79ef\u96ea\u539a\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8fbe\u523050-100\u5398\u7c73\uff0c\u94c1\u7bf1\u7b06\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u63a9\u76d6\u3002\u4e0d\u77e5\u6839\u5e95\u7684\u654c\u4eba\u5728\u53d1\u73b0\u94c1\u4e1d\u7f51\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5f80\u5f80\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6302\u4f4f\u4e86\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u77ee\u94c1\u4e1d\u7f51\u8fd8\u4f1a\u642d\u914d\u4e0a\u77f3\u8d28\u7684\u53cd\u5766\u514b\u969c\u788d\u7269\u3002\u81f3\u4eca\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u8fd8\u80fd\u89c1\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u6b8b\u5b58\u7684\u94c1\u4e1d\u7f51\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u83b1\u5fb7\u5730\u533a\u5c24\u5176\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n

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4.\u5b88\u519b\u7684\u6218\u672f<\/p>\n

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5.\u5b88\u519b\u7684\u6218\u5730\u751f\u6d3b<\/p>\n

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\u201c\u51ac\u6218\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u9632\u7ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u82f1\u57fa\u83b1\u5730\u533a<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u4e00\u4f4d\u82cf\u519b\u6d77\u519b\u70ae\u624b\uff0c\u7c73\u54c8\u4f0a\u5c14\u00b7M\u00b7\u52a0\u5c14\u83ab\u624e\uff08Mikhail.M.Garmoza\uff09\u8d1f\u8d23\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e00\u95e8152mm\u70ae\uff0c\u4ed6\u5192\u7740\u82ac\u5170\u5b88\u519b\u7684\u6b65\u5175\u6b66\u5668\u706b\u529b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e24\u5ea7\u7889\u5821\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u76f4\u7784\u5c04\u51fb\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4ed6\u56e0\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u82f1\u52c7\u8868\u73b0\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u679a\u91d1\u661f\u52cb\u7ae0\uff08\u7b2c457\u53f7\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u70ae\u6b63\u5728\u652f\u63f4\u82f1\u57fa\u83b1\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u8230\u961f\u7ea2\u6d77\u519b\u6b65\u5175\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7889\u5821\u53d7\u635f\uff0c\u82f1\u57fa\u83b1\u7684\u82ac\u5170\u5b88\u519b\u8fd8\u662f\u9876\u4f4f\u4e86\u4e00\u6ce2\u53c8\u4e00\u6ce2\u6765\u81ea\u51b0\u5c01\u7684\u82ac\u5170\u6e7e\u4e4b\u4e0a\u548c\u9646\u5730\u4e0a\u7684\u7ea2\u6d77\u519b\u6b65\u5175\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9635\u5730\u5cbf\u7136\u4e0d\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

1940\u5e742\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u9632\u7ebf\u4e0a\u5168\u4f53\u5b88\u519b\u540e\u64a4\uff0c\u82f1\u57fa\u83b1\u7684\u4e24\u5ea7\u7889\u5821\u88ab\u82cf\u519b\u5b8c\u6574\u5360\u9886\u3002\u5728\u906d\u5230\u7206\u7834\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u7528\u4e8e\u62cd\u6444\u4e24\u90e8\u5ba3\u4f20\u5f71\u7247\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u53eb\u300a\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u9632\u7ebf\u300b\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u53eb\u300a\u524d\u7ebf\u5973\u53cb\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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\u5361\u5c14\u80e1\u62c9\u5730\u533a<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u82cf\u9a6c\u6751\u5730\u533a<\/strong><\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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1939\u5e7412\u6708\u4e2d\u65ec\u7684\u67d0\u5929\uff0c\u7531\u65af\u5766\u65af\u8f9b\u65af\u57fa\uff08Stenshinski\uff09\u4e0a\u6821\u6307\u6325\u7684\u82cf\u519b\u7b2c123\u6b65\u5175\u5e08\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u83b1\u5fb7\u5730\u533a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e12\u670817\u65e5\u5728\u7b2c91\u91cd\u578b\u5766\u514b\u8425\u548c\u7b2c101\u8f7b\u578b\u5766\u514b\u8425\u7684\u652f\u63f4\u4e0b\u5bf9\u82ac\u519b\u5c55\u5f00\u653b\u51fb\u3002123\u5e08\u4e0b\u5c5e\u7b2c245\u6b65\u5175\u56e2\u81eaSj5\u7889\u5821\u5de6\u7ffc\u8fdb\u653b\uff0c\u7b2c255\u6b65\u5175\u56e2\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fdb\u653b\u5730\u533a\u4e2d\u592e\u5730\u5e26\uff0c\u652f\u63f4\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5766\u514b\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u8f86\u55b7\u706b\u5766\u514b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u653b\u51fb\u82ac\u519b\u6218\u58d5\u65f6\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

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1\u670827-28\u65e5\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u62d6\u6765\u82e5\u5e72152mm\u91cd\u70ae\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u6446\u5728\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5411\u82ac\u519b\u5f00\u706b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4Sj4\u548cSj5\u7889\u5821\u53d7\u5230\u91cd\u521b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dSj4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u706b\u529b\u70b9\u4e25\u91cd\u635f\u574f\uff0c\u5730\u4e0b\u5c45\u4f4f\u533a\u90e8\u5206\u5d29\u584c\uff0c\u5e76\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e24\u540d\u58eb\u5175\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002Sj5\u76843\u4e2a\u88c5\u7532\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u906d\u76f4\u63a5\u547d\u4e2d,\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f7b\u5e95\u88ab\u6bc1\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e25\u91cd\u635f\u574f\uff0c\u4e1c\u4fa7\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u70ae\u5175\u89c2\u6d4b\u5458\u4e27\u751f\u3002\u6307\u6325\u8fd9\u6b21\u70ae\u51fb\u7684\u7b2c24\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u76f4\u5c5e\u70ae\u56e2\u7684\u963f\u897f\u59c6\u00b7G\u00b7\u683c\u62c9\u8c22\u592b\uff08Akim\u00b7G\u00b7Grachev\uff09\u4e2d\u5c09\u56e0\u6b64\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u679a\u91d1\u661f\u52cb\u7ae0\uff08\u7b2c194\u53f7\uff09\u3002\u5728\u79bb\u82cf\u519b\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8fdb\u653b\u4ec5\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u518d\u6b21\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6362\u9632\uff0c\u5df2\u88ab\u524a\u5f31\u7684\u82ac\u5170\u7b2c9\u6b65\u5175\u56e2\u7b2c2\u8425\u66ff\u6362\u4e86\u6b27\u514b\u6851\u5b81\u7684\u8425\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5b9e\u529b\u4e0d\u6d4e\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8425\u662f\u7528\u53ea\u4f1a\u8bf4\u745e\u5178\u8bed\u7684\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\uff08\u745e\u5178\u8bed\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u524d\u662f\u82ac\u5170\u6bcd\u8bed\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4e5f\u662f\u82ac\u5170\u7684\u901a\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u4e00\uff09\u7f16\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8bed\u8a00\u95ee\u9898\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u82ac\u519b\u5404\u90e8\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u534f\u8c03\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u670811\u65e5\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u7684\u70ae\u706b\u51c6\u5907\u683c\u5916\u51f6\u731b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u6bd4\u51e1\u5c14\u767b\u6218\u5f79\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u5f39\u5e55\u5c04\u51fb\u8981\u8f7b\u4e00\u70b9\u70b9\u3002\u521d\u6765\u4e4d\u5230\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u8005\u4eec\u5f53\u65f6\u5c31\u9707\u60ca\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bf4\u745e\u5178\u8bed\u7684\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u4e4b\u524d\u5446\u5728\u9632\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e73\u9759\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u89c1\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u9635\u52bf\u3002\u968f\u540e\u538b\u4e0a\u6765\u7684\u82cf\u519b\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8f70\u5f97\u7a00\u5df4\u70c2\u7684Sj4\u7889\u5821\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u9a7b\u5b88\u7684\u6bdb\u59c6\uff08Malm\uff09\u8fde\u957f\u4ec5\u4e00\u5929\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u4ed680%\u591a\u7684\u90e8\u4e0b\u3002\u82cf\u519b\u81eaSj4\u7889\u5821\u7684\u5e9f\u589f\u7ee7\u7eed\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u5230\u8fbe\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7889\u5821\uff08\u5c31\u662f\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u53e3\u5f84\u706b\u70ae\u5b9e\u5f39\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u7889\u5821\uff09\u548cSj6\u201c\u56fe\u5c14\u82cf\u201d\u6307\u6325\u6240\u524d\uff0c\u5a01\u80c1\u6307\u6325\u6240\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u82ac\u519b\u6295\u964d\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u70b8\u6389\u6307\u6325\u6240\uff0c\u628a\u91cc\u9762\u768429\u4eba\u7edf\u7edf\u6d3b\u57cb\u3002\u6307\u6325\u6240\u91cc\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4f24\u5458\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u5168\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u519b\u533b\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u6295\u964d\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u9632\u7ebf\u53f3\u7ffc\uff0cSj5\u7889\u5821\u4e00\u76f4\u575a\u6301\u523013\u65e5\u3002\u82cf\u519b\u6210\u529f\u8feb\u4f7f\u7889\u5821\u5357\u4fa7\u7684\u5b88\u519b\u653e\u5f03\u6218\u58d5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e00\u76f4\u903c\u8fd1\u5230\u6e56\u7554\uff0c\u767b\u4e0a\u4e86Sj5\u897f\u4fa7\u706b\u529b\u70b9\u7684\u9876\u90e8\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u897f\u4fa7\u706b\u529b\u70b9\u9876\u90e8\u7684\u77f3\u5934\u7ed9\u63a8\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5835\u585e\u4e86\u51fa\u5165\u53e3\u3002\u540e\u6765\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u81ea\u4e1c\u4fa7\u706b\u529b\u70b9\u53d1\u52a8\u53cd\u51fb\uff0c\u903c\u9000\u4e86\u82cf\u519b\u3002\u5176\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a37mm\u535a\u798f\u65af\u53cd\u5766\u514b\u70ae\u7ec4\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u70ae\u5175\u89c2\u6d4b\u5458\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u7889\u5821\uff0c\u7b2c5\u8fde\u7684\u6307\u6325\u5b98\uff0c\u57c3\u91cc\u514b\u677e\uff08Ericsson\uff0c\u603b\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u7231\u7acb\u4fe1\u5427\uff09\u4e2d\u5c09\u4e5f\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u79bb\u5f00\uff0c\u4e34\u8d70\u524d\u8fd8\u5631\u5490\u4e8c\u7ea7\u4e2d\u5c09\u65af\u5361\u5fb7\uff08Skade\uff09\u7684\u6392\u201c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u575a\u5b88\u5230\u5e95\u201d\u3002\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u7684\u79bb\u53bb\u4f7f\u5f97\u7889\u5821\u5b88\u519b\u7684\u58eb\u6c14\u5927\u4e3a\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u7889\u5821\u8fdf\u65e9\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u96c6\u4f53\u575f\u5893\uff0c\u5e76\u60f3\u51fa\u4e00\u5207\u501f\u53e3\u9003\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u572812\u65e5\u4f20\u6765\u5168\u5458\u64a4\u79bb\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u7889\u5821\u91cc\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b6\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6253\u7b97\u5206\u4e58\u4e24\u53ea\u96ea\u6a47\u79bb\u5f00\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u62c9\u83f2\u5c14\u00b7\u798f\u5c14\u65af\uff08Rafael Forth\uff09\u88ab\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u6293\u4e86\u53bb\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u4eba\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u6253\u7b97\u5728\u7889\u5821\u91cc\u575a\u5b88\u5230\u5e95\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u4e94\u4e2a\u4eba\u88ab\u82cf\u519b\u6b65\u5175\u548c\u5de5\u5175\u56f4\u56f0\u5728\u7889\u5821\u91cc\uff0c\u4e0d\u80af\u6295\u964d\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u70b8\u57ae\u4e86\u7889\u5821\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4e00\u540d\u53eb\u505a\u53e4\u7eb3\u5c14\u00b7\u65af\u6258\u59c6\uff08Gunnar Storm\uff09\u7684\u5217\u5175\u4f24\u91cd\u88ab\u64d2\u4e4b\u5916\u65e0\u4eba\u751f\u8fd8\u3002\u5176\u540e\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u7b2c8\u6b65\u5175\u56e2\u7684\u5c0f\u80a1\u90e8\u961f\u8bd5\u56fe\u53cd\u51fb\u5e76\u593a\u56de\u7889\u5821\uff0c\u4f46\u906d\u5230\u82cf\u519b\u7684\u673a\u67aa\u706b\u529b\u5c04\u51fb\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u5982\u613f\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u670812-13\u65e5\uff0c\u82ac\u519b\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6574\u5907\u7684\u8425\u53d1\u52a8\u53cd\u51fb\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u529f\u3002\u5728\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u6218\u6597\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u82cf\u519b123\u5e08\u5728\u88c5\u7532\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u4f34\u968f\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u63a8\u8fdb\u5230\u4e86\u82ac\u5170\u519b\u961f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5e76\u7ee7\u7eed\u4fdd\u6301\u8fdb\u653b\u6001\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u7684\u82ac\u519b\u5df2\u7ecf\u635f\u5931\u4e86\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u53cd\u5766\u514b\u70ae\uff0c\u518d\u4e5f\u62ff\u4e0d\u51fa\u4e00\u4ef6\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u53cd\u5766\u514b\u6b66\u5668\u4e86\u300213-14\u65e5\u95f4\uff0c\u6c14\u6e29\u4f4e\u5230\u96f6\u4e0b30\u6444\u6c0f\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u75b2\u60eb\u4e0d\u582a\u7684\u58eb\u5175\u53ea\u662f\u60f3\u7761\u4e00\u89c9\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u88ab\u51bb\u6b7b\u5728\u4e86\u79ef\u96ea\u7684\u6218\u58d5\u91cc\u3002\u901a\u8baf\u5df2\u7ecf\u65ad\u7edd\uff0c\u524d\u7ebf\u90e8\u961f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5411\u540e\u65b9\u7684\u70ae\u5175\u8bf7\u6c42\u652f\u63f4\uff0c\u70ae\u5175\u4e5f\u65e0\u4ece\u5f97\u77e5\u524d\u7ebf\u5230\u5e95\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u2014\u2014\u7531\u4e8e\u6b65\u5175\u90e8\u961f\u672a\u80fd\u544a\u77e5\u82cf\u519b\u5df2\u7ecf\u7a81\u7834\u9632\u7ebf\uff0c\u6beb\u4e0d\u77e5\u60c5\u7684\u82ac\u5170\u7b2c2\u91cd\u578b\u70ae\u5175\u8425\u88ab\u4ece\u9635\u5730\u540e\u9762\u7a81\u5165\u7684\u88c5\u7532\u90e8\u961f\u7ed9\u7a81\u88ad\u4e86\uff0c11\u95e8\u69b4\u5f39\u70ae\u88ab\u963f\u514b\u897f\u6ce2\u592b\uff08Arkhipov\uff09\u4e0a\u5c09\u7684\u5766\u514b\u90e8\u961f\u7f34\u83b7\u300232\u540d\u70ae\u5175\u8eb2\u5165\u4e00\u5904\u63a9\u853d\u90e8\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u9003\u8fdb\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u68ee\u6797\u3002\u63a9\u853d\u90e8\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u70ae\u5175\u62d2\u7edd\u6295\u964d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u5bf9\u63a9\u853d\u90e8\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u7206\u7834\uff0c32\u4e2a\u4eba\u88ab\u6d3b\u57cb\u5728\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a9\u853d\u90e8\u7684\u9057\u5740\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7889\u5821\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

1940\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u4e00\u7fa4\u82cf\u8054\u58eb\u5175\u5728\u56f4\u89c2Sj4\u201c\u6ce2\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\u201d\u7889\u5821\u53d7\u635f\u7684\u897f\u4fa7\u706b\u529b\u70b9\uff0c\u80cc\u666f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u7a00\u770b\u5230\u4e24\u8f86T28\u5766\u514b\u7684\u6b8b\u9ab8<\/p>\n

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1939\u5e7412\u6708\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\u6218\u6597\u662f\u8f7b\u677e\u7684\u3002\u540e\u6765\u57282\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u7528\u63a8\u5230\u8fd1\u5904\u7684\u91cd\u70ae\u8f70\u51fb\u82ac\u519b\u5de5\u4e8b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f46\u53f7\uff0c7\u53f7\u7889\u5821\u4e25\u91cd\u635f\u574f\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u533a\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u82cf\u519b\u4e0a\u5c09\u8d39\u767b\u79d1\uff08Fedenko\uff09\u5728\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u4e2d\u63cf\u5199\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6218\u6597\uff1a<\/p>\n

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\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u7528\u8feb\u51fb\u70ae\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u706b\uff0c\u70ae\u5f39\u5212\u8fc7\u5929\u7a7a\uff0c\u5760\u843d\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u628a\u79ef\u96ea\u5d29\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8eab\u3002\u5df2\u7ecf\u67094\u540d\u70ae\u5175\u53d7\u4f24\uff0c\u706b\u70ae\u88ab\u62d6\u4e86\u56de\u53bb\u3002\u4ec0\u79d1\u592b\u8dd1\u5230\u6211\u8eab\u8fb9\uff0c\u5927\u58f0\u5411\u6211\u558a\u9053\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

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2\u670813\u65e5\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u6b65\u5175\u4e00\u5ea6\u653b\u5230K3\u636e\u70b9\u7684\u63a9\u853d\u90e8\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u523b\u88ab\u7531\u9f50\u5229\u4e9a\u5e93\u65af\uff08Zilliacus\uff09\u4e2d\u5c09\u5e26\u9886\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7f16\u8fde\u6253\u4e86\u56de\u53bb\u3002\u8fd9\u5929\u4e0b\u5348\uff0c\u82ac\u519b\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u652f13mm\u535a\u4f0a\u65af\u53cd\u5766\u514b\u67aa\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u574f\u4e86\u82e5\u5e72\u8f7b\u578b\u5766\u514b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u8f86\u8f7b\u578b\u5766\u514b\u8d8a\u8fc7\u4e86\u6cbc\u6cfd\u3002\u82cf\u519b\u5de5\u5175\u5728K3\u636e\u70b9\u4e00\u5e26\u5efa\u4e86\u4e2a\u673a\u67aa\u706b\u529b\u70b9\uff0c\u6253\u5f97\u5f00\u9614\u5730\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u82ac\u519b\u62ac\u4e0d\u8d77\u5934\u300213-14\u65e5\u665a\uff0c\u6c14\u6e29\u8dcc\u5230\u96f6\u4e0b30\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u65b9\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u523a\u9aa8\u4e25\u5bd2\u3002<\/p>\n

14\u65e5\uff0c\u82ac\u519b\u8ba1\u5212\u51fb\u9000\u8fdb\u653b\u7684\u82cf\u519b\uff0c\u5e76\u6d88\u706d\u90a3\u4e2a\u673a\u67aa\u706b\u529b\u70b9\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5929\u6c14\u592a\u51b7\uff0c\u6253\u5230\u706b\u529b\u70b9\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8feb\u51fb\u70ae\u70ae\u5f39\u5c45\u7136\u4e0d\u7206\u70b8\uff0c\u6b65\u5175\u53cd\u653b\u4e5f\u672a\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u3002\u622a\u81f314\u65e5\uff0c\u7b2c2\u6b65\u5175\u65c5\u7684\u524d\u950b\u8425\u53ea\u5269248\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u9632\u5b88\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u7ef5\u5ef63\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u6218\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

15\u65e5\u4e0a\u5348\u82cf\u519b\u53c8\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u8fdb\u653b\uff0c\u5e76\u518d\u6b21\u62b5\u8fbe\u4e86K3\u636e\u70b9\u63a9\u853d\u90e8\u4e00\u5e26\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u82ac\u519b\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a5\u8fd1\u5f39\u5c3d\u7cae\u7edd\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u5230\u4e86K3\u636e\u70b9\u5b88\u519b\u7b2c9\u8fde\u6b8b\u90e8\u8fd1\u4e4e\u7edd\u671b\u7684\u6c42\u63f4\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u6d3e\u51fa\u7b2c2\u8425\u768425\u540d\u53f8\u673a\u548c\u540e\u52e4\u4eba\u5458\u524d\u53bb\u652f\u63f4\u2014\u2014\u73b0\u5728\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u70b9\u4eba\u4e86\uff0c\u7b2c3\u8425\u7684\u540e\u52e4\u4eba\u5458\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u524d\u7ebf\u5446\u4e86\u5f88\u4e45\u4e86\u3002\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u7b2c2\u65c5\u5df2\u7ecf\u62ff\u4e0d\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u9884\u5907\u961f\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u82ac\u5170\u9632\u7ebf\u5df2\u7ecf\u6781\u4e3a\u8106\u5f31\uff0c\u5728\u7559\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e9b\u540e\u536b\u6218\u6597\u7ec4\u6765\u963b\u6ede\u82cf\u519b\u7b2c24\u5e08\u7684\u8fdb\u653b\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5b88\u519b\u6210\u529f\u8131\u79bb\u4e86\u6218\u6597\uff0c\u56de\u64a4\u5230\u4e2d\u95f4\u9632\u7ebf\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u8868\u73b0\u6700\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6492\u6e29\u5b81\u4e2d\u5c09\u7684\u6392\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u52c7\u6562\u5730\u72ec\u81ea\u4fdd\u536bK3\u636e\u70b9\uff0c\u57284\u5929\u7684\u6fc0\u6218\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b11\u4e2a\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u4ec54\u5929\u524d\u8fd8\u670932\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u82cf\u5c14\u6d85\u7c73\uff08Suurniemi\uff09\u5730\u533a<\/strong><\/p>\n

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1940\u5e742\u670817\u65e5-27\u65e5\u95f4\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e3a\u671f\u5341\u5929\u7684\u6fc0\u6218\u3002\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5934\u4e24\u5929\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u5c31\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8001\u65e7\u5821\u5792\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u5e76\u4e0d\u60f3\u4f9d\u9760\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u6297\u63cd\u7684\u7ffb\u65b0\u5efa\u7b51\u6765\u62b5\u6297\u82cf\u519b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u60f3\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f15\u5230\u7b51\u6709\u65b0\u578b\u7889\u5821\u7684\u9632\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6765\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c 1940\u5e742\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u57281\u53f7\u7889\u5821\u4e00\u5e26\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u620f\u5267\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u5e55\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u9635\u731b\u70c8\u7684\u70ae\u51fb\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u524d\u950b\u90e8\u961f\u53d1\u52a8\u51b2\u950b\uff0c\u88ab\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u51fb\u6e83\u3002\u5176\u540e\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u7b2c136\u6b65\u5175\u5e08\u53ec\u5524\u7b2c137\u70ae\u5175\u56e2\u7684\u70ae\u706b\u9501\u5b9a\u5e76\u6467\u6bc1\u7889\u5821\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762137\u70ae\u5175\u56e2\u7684\u820d\u592b\u8bfa\u514b\uff08Shevnok\uff09\u4e0a\u5c09\u540e\u6765\u56de\u5fc6\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u7ecf\u8fc7\uff1a<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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21\u65e5\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u53d1\u52a8\u8fdb\u653b\uff0c\u7b2c278\u6469\u6258\u5316\u56e2\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bb0\u5f55\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8fdb\u653b\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n

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2\u670821\u65e5\u7684\u4e0b\u5348\u548c\u508d\u665a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5f3a\u964d\u96ea\u5929\u6c14\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5929\u6c14\u5f88\u9002\u5408\u4fa6\u5bdf\u3002\u82cf\u519b\u7b2c278\u6469\u6258\u5316\u56e2\u6d3e\u51fa\u4fa6\u5bdf\u5206\u961f\u7a7f\u8fc7\u8428\u5c14\u95e8\u51ef\u5854\u6cb3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u70b8\u6bc1\u4e86\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6cb3\u7554\u7684\u4e24\u5904\u706b\u529b\u70b9\uff0c\u628a\u91cc\u9762\u62d2\u4e0d\u6295\u964d\u768417\u4e2a\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u6d3b\u57cb\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u884c\u52a8\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u82ac\u5170\u4e3b\u9632\u7ebf\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u770b\u4e00\u6bb5\u7b2c278\u6469\u6258\u5316\u56e2\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n

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\u7b2c278\u6469\u6258\u5316\u56e2\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3b\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u8425\u957f\u53eb\u7ef4\u7d22\u6258\u65af\u57fa\uff08Vysotoski\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u523b\u610f\u7a7f\u6234\u5f97\u548c\u666e\u901a\u58eb\u5175\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u624d\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u82ac\u5170\u72d9\u51fb\u624b\u7ed9\u6536\u4e86\u53bb\u3002\u5728\u82ac\u5170\u9632\u7ebf\u4e0a\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7a81\u51fa\u90e8\u4e5f\u5168\u90fd\u5728\u665a\u4e0a\u88ab\u82ac\u519b\u7ed9\u6e05\u9664\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

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12\u53f7\u7889\u5821\uff1a9:00\u201416:15\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u654c\u4eba\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5411\u7889\u5821\u5f00\u706b\uff0c11\u70b9\u65f6\u5019\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u906d\u547d\u4e2d\u8131\u843d\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u7889\u5821\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u88c5\u7532\u76d6\u677f\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6253\u5f97\u6389\u5230\u4e86\u5730\u4e0a\u3002\u91cd\u673a\u67aa\u57fa\u5ea7\u53d7\u635f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u88c5\u7532\u95e8\u677f\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u70b8\u98de\uff0c\u7889\u5821\u9876\u90e8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6df1\u8fbe60\u5398\u7c73\u7684\u5f39\u5751\uff0c\u5929\u82b1\u677f\u51fa\u73b0\u88c2\u7f1d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u9732\u51fa\u7684\u94a2\u7ed3\u6784\u4ef6\u3002\u7167\u660e\u8bbe\u65bd\u5b8c\u5168\u635f\u574f\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u633a\u673a\u67aa\u8fd8\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e00\u652f\u6b65\u67aa\u88ab\u70e7\u6bc1\uff0c\u7889\u5821\u5b88\u519b\u5c1a\u65e0\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u665a\u4e0a\u624d\u8fdb\u5165\u7889\u5821\uff0c\u5728\u767d\u5929\u91cc\u9762\u662f\u5446\u4e0d\u4e0b\u53bb\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

23\u53f7\u7889\u5821\uff1a\u7889\u5821\u60c5\u51b5\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u633a\u673a\u67aa\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

33\u53f7\u6cb3\u7554\u706b\u529b\u70b9\uff1a\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u5efa\u7b51\u90e8\u5206\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u571f\u6728\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u53f3\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u4f5c\u6218\u9996\u65e5\u5373\u544a\u5012\u584c\uff0c\u4e24\u633a\u673a\u67aa\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

13\u53f7\u7889\u5821\uff1a\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u5012\u584c\uff0c\u7889\u5821\u5185\u7684\u95e8\u53d7\u635f\uff0c\u5165\u53e3\u5904\u7684\u95e8\u5173\u4e0d\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u633a\u673a\u67aa\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

14\u53f7\u7889\u5821\uff1a\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u906d\u6467\u6bc1\uff0c\u7889\u5821\u5e26\u6709\u63a2\u7167\u706f\u57fa\u5ea7\u7684\u4e00\u89d2\u5f00\u59cb\u51fa\u73b0\u88c2\u7eb9\uff0c\u4e00\u633a\u673a\u67aa\u53ef\u7528<\/span> \u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

15\u53f7\u7889\u5821\uff1a\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u73b0\u5728\u6263\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\uff0c\u94a2\u5236\u95e8\u635f\u574f\uff0c\u6728\u8d28\u90e8\u5206\u7740\u706b\u711a\u6bc1\uff0c\u4e00\u633a\u673a\u67aa\u8fc7\u706b\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5728\u7889\u5821\u5468\u56f4\u7528\u7f34\u83b7\u7684\u673a\u67aa\u5e03\u7f6e\u4e09\u5904\u706b\u529b\u70b9\uff0c\u8be5\u7889\u5821\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e07\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

25\u53f7\u7889\u5821\uff1a\u60c5\u51b5\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u4e00\u633a\u673a\u67aa\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

16\u53f7\u7889\u5821\uff1a\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u5185\u90e8\u88c5\u7532\u73af\u635f\u574f\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u672c\u8eab\u65e0\u6cd5\u65cb\u8f6c\u3002\u95e8\u6846\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c04\u51fb\u53e3\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u8fd1\u4e4e\u5168\u635f\uff0c\u63a2\u7167\u706f\u57fa\u5ea7\u5904\u7684\u76d6\u677f\u53d7\u635f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

24\u65e5\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u52a8\u8fdb\u653b\uff0c\u4e24\u5929\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u9632\u7ebf\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u5c8c\u5c8c\u53ef\u5371\u3002\u56e2\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u5df2\u7ecf\u5411\u5e08\u90e8\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0b\u8fbe\u64a4\u79bb\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u524d\u7ebf\u7684\u5404\u8fde\u90fd\u9891\u7e41\u4f20\u6765\u82cf\u519b\u7a81\u5165\u9635\u5730\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u518d\u4e0d\u64a4\u53ef\u5c31\u665a\u4e86\u30022\u670828\u65e5\uff0c\u82ac\u519b\u81ea\u9971\u7ecf\u8e42\u8e8f\u7684\u8428\u5c14\u95e8\u51ef\u5854\u5730\u533a\u5411\u5317\u64a4\u79bb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u82ac\u5170\u519b\u5b98\u5173\u4e8e\u8428\u5c14\u95e8\u51ef\u5854\u5730\u533a\u6218\u6597\u7684\u6700\u540e\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n

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\u51ef\u514b\u57fa\u6d85\u7c73\uff08Kekkiniemi\uff09\u70ae\u53f0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u51ef\u514b\u57fa\u6d85\u7c73\u70ae\u53f0\u662f\u4f4d\u4e8e\u798f\u514b\u897f\u6cb3\u4e0e\u82cf\u4e07\u6258\u6e56\u5317\u5cb8\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u70ae\u53f0\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70ae\u53f0\u5377\u5165\u4e861939\u5e7412\u6708\u7684\u51ef\u5c14\u96c5\uff08Kelja\uff09\u4e4b\u6218\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u65b0\u7f16\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u7b2c4\u6b65\u5175\u5e08\u8de8\u8fc7\u82cf\u4e07\u6258\u6e56\uff0c\u5e76\u572812\u670825\u65e5\u7a81\u88ad\u4e86\u82ac\u5170\u5b88\u519b\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e26\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u5341\u5206\u5e73\u9759\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u82ac\u5170\u519b\u5b98\u4eec\u90fd\u6c89\u6d78\u5728\u5723\u8bde\u8282\u7684\u6b22\u4e50\u6c14\u6c1b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u524d\u7ebf\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u6709\u5173\u82cf\u519b\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u653b\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u62a5\u544a\u4e25\u91cd\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u6765\u72af\u82cf\u519b\u7684\u5b9e\u529b\u2014\u2014\u5176\u4e2d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6392\u8d81\u7740\u65e9\u4e0a\u7684\u8584\u96fe\u8d8a\u8fc7\u4e86\u82cf\u4e07\u6258\u6e56\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6ee1\u7f16\u7684\u8425\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u914d\u5907\u4e86\u5927\u6279\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u6b66\u5668\uff01<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5723\u8bde\u8001\u4eba\u5bb6\u4e61\u7684\u519b\u5b98\u4eec\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u9762\u5bf9\u4e25\u5cfb\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e86\u2014\u2014\u6765\u72af\u7684\u82cf\u519b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6865\u5934\u5821\uff0c\u5207\u65ad\u4e86\u6cf0\u5e15\u5c14\u5730\u533a\u8428\u79d1\u62c9\uff08Sakkola\uff09\u548c\u7279\u5170\u63d0\u83b1\uff08Terentill\u00e4\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002\u82ac\u519b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d77\u4e24\u4e2a\u8425\u7684\u5175\u529b\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u51fb\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4f24\u4ea1\u60e8\u91cd\uff0c\u9000\u4e86\u56de\u53bb\u3002\u51ef\u514b\u57fa\u6d85\u7c73\u70ae\u53f0\u4e1c\u4fa7\u7684\u4e24\u95e8\u70ae\u5411\u4f01\u56fe\u7a7f\u8d8a\u82cf\u4e07\u6258\u6e56\u51b0\u9762\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u63f4\u519b\u548c\u8865\u7ed9\u5355\u4f4d\u9891\u7e41\u5f00\u706b\uff0c\u6b64\u4e3e\u4f7f\u5f97\u6865\u5934\u5821\u7684\u82cf\u519b\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u8865\u7ed9\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u70ae\u53f0\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u8865\u7ed9\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5bcc\u88d5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u4ece\u540e\u65b9\u8fd0\u6765\u7684\u5f39\u836f\u548c\u98df\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u70ae\u53f0\u7684\u652f\u63f4\u4e0b\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u90e8\u961f\u903c\u8fd1\u4e86\u6865\u5934\u5821\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e863\u5929\u7684\u8fd1\u6218\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u82cf\u519b\u8981\u4e48\u6b7b\u4e86\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u88ab\u6293\u4e86\u4fd8\u864f\uff0c\u82ac\u519b\u4e5f\u635f\u5931\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u3002\u5728\u5723\u8bde\u8282\u7684\u8fd9\u573a\u98ce\u6ce2\u8fc7\u540e\uff0c\u82cf\u4e07\u6258\u6e56\u4e00\u5e26\u53c8\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u5e73\u9759\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u201c\u51ac\u6218\u201d\u7ed3\u675f\u4e3a\u6b62\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u518d\u8d77\u6ce2\u6f9c\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u70ae\u5175\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u70ae\u53f0\u7684\u786e\u5207\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u7528152mm\u91cd\u70ae\u8fdb\u884c\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u57281940\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u70ae\u53f0\u8fdb\u884c\u89c4\u5f8b\u6027\u7684\u70ae\u51fb\uff0c\u70ae\u53f0\u88ab\u76f4\u63a5\u547d\u4e2d\u5f88\u591a\u6b21\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u6b21\u5b88\u519b\u90fd\u80fd\u5f88\u5feb\u7684\u4fee\u7406\u597d\u635f\u574f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u70ae\u53f0\u9876\u90e8\u5806\u653e\u539f\u6728\u548c\u6c99\u888b\uff0c\u5e76\u53ca\u65f6\u6e05\u7406\u8fd1\u5931\u5f39\u7206\u70b8\u65f6\u5d29\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u6742\u7269\uff0c\u6c99\u77f3\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6e05\u7406\u88ab\u6742\u7269\u5835\u585e\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u65e5\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

1940\u5e742\u670826\u65e5\u8fd9\u4e00\u5929\u5bf9\u4e8e\u70ae\u53f0\u5b88\u519b\u800c\u8a00\u662f\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u5929\u70ae\u53f0\u88ab152mm\u548c203mm\u7a7f\u7532\u5f39\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u7834\u574f\u5f39\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u82cf\u519b\u5e76\u672a\u7ed9\u5927\u53e3\u5f84\u91ce\u6218\u70ae\u51c6\u5907\u7a7f\u7532\u5f39\u8fd9\u4e00\u5f39\u79cd\uff09\u547d\u4e2d\u4e8620-30\u4e0b\u4e4b\u591a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u679a152mm\u70ae\u5f39\u51fb\u4e2d\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c04\u51fb\u53e3\uff0c\u6467\u6bc1\u4e86\u52a0\u5f3a\u9632\u5fa1\u7528\u7684\u6728\u8d28\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u70ae\u53f0\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u64e6\u8fc7\u8bfa\u767b\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\u8981\u585e\u70ae\u7684\u70ae\u5f39\u7bb1\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6253\u5728\u5bf9\u9762\u7684\u5899\u4e0a\u624d\u505c\u4f4f\u3002\u4e07\u5e78\uff0c\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7206\u70b8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u906d\u53d7\u70ae\u51fb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6700\u96be\u53d7\u7684\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5446\u5728\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u70ae\u5175\u89c2\u6d4b\u5458\u3002\u6240\u5e78\u8be5\u70ae\u53f0\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u76f4\u63a5\u547d\u4e2d\u8fc7\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u6bd4\u66fc\u7eb3\u6d77\u59c6\u9632\u7ebf\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u6bb5\u65b0\u578b\u7889\u5821\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u5854\u8981\u66f4\u5c0f\uff0c\u66f4\u8106\u5f31\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u70ae\u5175\u89c2\u6d4b\u5458\u5012\u662f\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u6fc0\u8d77\u7684\u5c18\u571f\u8ff7\u4e86\u773c\u775b\uff0c\u6700\u8d77\u7801\u6bcf\u5929\u5f97\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n

\u70ae\u53f0\u4e00\u76f4\u575a\u6301\u5230\u6218\u4e89\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5e76\u57283\u670813\u65e5\u7ec8\u6218\u65f6\u4ecd\u5177\u6709\u4f5c\u6218\u80fd\u529b\u30021940\u5e74\u590f\u5b63\uff0c\u8be5\u70ae\u53f0\u88ab\u82cf\u8054\u65b9\u9762\u7206\u7834\uff0c\u7206\u7834\u7684\u5a01\u529b\u975e\u5e38\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5c4b\u9876\u574d\u584c\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u5176\u540e\u53ea\u7559\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5751\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u5757\u7684\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u6b8b\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n

1942\u5e74\u201c\u7eed\u6218\u201d\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u519b\u961f\u6536\u590d\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u5931\u5730\uff0c\u51ef\u5c14\u96c5\u6751\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u4eec\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u6545\u4e61\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u6751\u5b50\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u7530\u91ce\u91cc\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u5ea7\u5de8\u578b\u7684\u575f\u8314\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f850\u4e2a\u82cf\u8054\u5b98\u5175\u7684\u5b89\u606f\u4e4b\u6240\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u51ef\u514b\u57fa\u6d85\u7c73\u70ae\u53f0\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u62e5\u67094\u95e8\u70ae\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u671d\u5411\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u5bf9\u7740\u4e1c\u5357\u7684\u4e24\u95e8\u70ae\u57281939\u5e7412\u6708\u672b\u7684\u51ef\u5c14\u96c5\u4e4b\u6218\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6cf0\u5e15\u5c14\u548c\u5e15\u6258\u6d85\u7c73\uff08Patoniemi\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5341\u5ea7\u65e7\u7889\u5821\u5728\u4ea4\u6218\u4e4b\u521d\u5373\u544a\u7070\u98de\u70df\u706d\uff0c\u5f53\u5730\u5b88\u519b\u53ea\u80fd\u4f9d\u9760\u91ce\u6218\u9632\u5fa1\u8bbe\u65bd\u8fdb\u884c\u9632\u5fa1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e00\u76f4\u575a\u6301\u5230\u654c\u5bf9\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u6b62\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u82cf\u519b\u5c3d\u4e00\u5207\u52aa\u529b\u74e6\u89e3\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5374\u8ba9\u8fd9\u91cc\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u201c\u51ac\u6218\u201d\u671f\u95f4\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u4e0d\u5c48\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n

12\u67086\u65e5\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u5192\u7740\u6765\u81ea\u82ac\u5170\u91ce\u6218\u70ae\u5355\u4f4d\u548c\u5361\u5c14\u7eb3\u7ea6\u57fa\u70ae\u53f0\u731b\u70c8\u800c\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u70ae\u706b\uff0c\u7a7f\u8fc7\u4e86\u51b0\u5c01\u7684\u6cf0\u5e15\u5c14\u6cb3\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6865\u5934\u5821\u3002\u968f\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6d3e\u51fa\u4e86\u7531\u5948\u7279\u96f7\u5df4\uff08Netreba\uff09\u4e0a\u5c09\u7387\u9886\u7684\u4e00\u652f\u7a81\u51fb\u961f\uff0c\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u7a46\u65af\u9676\u96c5\u6cb3\uff08Mustaoja\uff09\u6cb3\u53e3\u7684\u4e09\u5904\u7889\u5821\uff0c\u7a81\u51fb\u961f\u5b88\u4f4f\u4e86\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u7684\u53cd\u51fb\u672a\u80fd\u5c06\u7889\u5821\u593a\u56de\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u7ea2\u519b\u5f00\u59cb\u51c6\u5907\u653b\u6253\u4e3b\u9632\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7a46\u65af\u9676\u96c5\u6cb3\u5728\u53c8\u6df1\u53c8\u9661\u5ced\u7684\u6cb3\u8c37\u91cc\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u4ee5\u6b64\u5f53\u505a\u8df3\u677f\u6765\u653b\u6253\u82ac\u519b\u6218\u7ebf\uff0c\u82ac\u519b\u4e3b\u6218\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u7889\u5821\u5168\u662f20\u5e74\u4ee3\u4fee\u7b51\u7684\u90a3\u6279\uff0c\u5728\u82cf\u519b\u70ae\u5175\u706b\u529b\u7684\u6253\u51fb\u4e0b\u663e\u5f97\u5f31\u4e0d\u7981\u98ce\uff0c\u5230\u4e8612\u6708\u672b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u5ea7\u53ef\u582a\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u82ac\u519b\u4ee5\u91ce\u6218\u5de5\u4e8b\u4f5c\u4f9d\u9760\uff0c\u6253\u9000\u4e86\u82cf\u519b\u572812\u6708\u4e2d\u65ec\u548c\u5723\u8bde\u524d\u5915\u53d1\u52a8\u7684\u4e24\u6b21\u8fdb\u653b\u3002<\/p>\n

1940\u5e741\u6708\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5341\u5206\u6d88\u505c\u7684\u6708\u4efd\uff0c2\u6708\u4efd\u82cf\u519b\u53c8\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u8fdb\u653b\uff0c\u653b\u514b\u4e86\u9632\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u636e\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u82ac\u519b\u8d76\u5230\u539f\u9632\u7ebf\u4ee5\u5317800-900\u7c73\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5229\u7528\u591c\u6218\u82ac\u519b\u593a\u56de\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u636e\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u82cf\u519b\u7684\u70ae\u706b\u652f\u63f4\uff0c\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\u5177\u6709\u538b\u5012\u6027\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u70ae\u5175\uff0c\u88c5\u7532\u5175\u548c\u6b65\u5175\u7b49\u5175\u79cd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u8c03\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u5728\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u603b\u662f\u4f1a\u628a\u82ac\u519b\u518d\u7ed9\u903c\u9000\u56de\u53bb\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6cf0\u5e15\u5c14\u5730\u533a\u76f4\u5230\u7ec8\u6218\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u6ca1\u88ab\u82cf\u519b\u5360\u9886\uff0c\u4f46\u9632\u5b88\u8be5\u5730\u7684\u82ac\u5170\u5404\u8425\u8499\u53d7\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e15\u6258\u6d85\u7c73\u70ae\u53f0\u5728\u6cf0\u5e15\u5c14\u5730\u533a\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u662f\u82cf\u4e07\u6258\u6e56\u5357\u5cb8\u82cf\u519b\u706b\u70ae\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u30021940\u5e742\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u7b2c150\u6b65\u5175\u5e08\u5e08\u5c5e\u706b\u70ae\u53d1\u5c04\u7684\u70ae\u5f39\u7a7f\u900f\u70ae\u53f0\u5efa\u7b51\uff0c\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u7206\u70b8\uff0c\u5f15\u7206700\u591a\u53d1\u70ae\u5f39\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u71c3\u6599\u7f50\uff0c\u70ae\u53f0\u88ab\u4e25\u91cd\u635f\u574f\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7ecf\u5de5\u5175\u6574\u4fee\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u7ef4\u5821\u4e00\u5e26\u7684\u540e\u536b\u9635\u5730<\/strong><\/p>\n

1940\u5e742\u6708\u672b\u7684\u6fc0\u6218\u8fc7\u540e\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6253\u5230\u4e86\u7ef4\u5821\u5e02\u5916\u56f4\u3002\u7ef4\u5821\u4e00\u5e26\u7684\u7889\u5821\u6570\u91cf\u5c11\u4e14\u5df2\u7ecf\u8001\u8fc8\uff0c\u519b\u4e8b\u4ef7\u503c\u6709\u9650\u3002\u4ed7\u6253\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u6700\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u9632\u5fa1\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9884\u5907\u961f\u7d27\u7f3a\uff0c\u524d\u7ebf\u7684\u6218\u58eb\u4eec\u4e5f\u65e9\u5df2\u75b2\u60eb\u4e0d\u582a\u3002\u635f\u5931\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u8865\u5145\u8bad\u7ec3\u6709\u7d20\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u3002\u5b9e\u529b\u5728\u88ab\u6162\u6162\u7684\u6d88\u78e8\uff0c\u9632\u5b88\u548c\u53cd\u51fb\u9010\u6e10\u4e4f\u529b\u3002\u5728\u88c5\u7532\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u652f\u63f4\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u51b0\u9762\u800c\u6765\u7684\u82cf\u519b\u593a\u53d6\u4e86\u56fe\u666e\u4e4c\u62c9\u548c\u96f7\u65af\u8482\u6d85\u7c73\u70ae\u53f0\u30021939-1940\u5e74\u7684\u51ac\u5929\u7279\u522b\u5bd2\u51b7\uff0c\u7ef4\u5821\u6e7e\u7ed3\u4e86\u4e00\u7c73\u591a\u539a\u7684\u51b0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u627f\u8f7d\u5404\u7c7b\u91cd\u88c5\u5907\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u82cf\u519b\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u6709\u5229\u7684\u3002\u5230\u4e863\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u52c7\u731b\u6297\u51fb\u7ea2\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u82ac\u5170\u519b\u961f\u5df2\u7ecf\u6349\u895f\u89c1\u8098\uff0c\u6218\u7ebf\u7684\u5168\u9762\u5d29\u6e83\u53ea\u662f\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u653f\u5e9c\u660e\u667a\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u505c\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6218\u540e\u7684\u4e8b\uff1a\u6d41\u8a00\u548c\u4f20\u5947<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u53cc\u65b9\u4ee3\u8868\u7b7e\u8ba2\u505c\u706b\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6b21\u65e5\uff0c1940\u5e743\u670813\u65e5\uff0c\u8d6b\u5c14\u8f9b\u57fa\u65f6\u95f4\u4e2d\u534811:00\uff0c\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u65f6\u95f412:00\uff0c\u201c\u51ac\u6218\u201d\u6b63\u5f0f\u5ba3\u5e03\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u82ac\u5170\u5411\u82cf\u8054\u5272\u8ba9\u6574\u4e2a\u5361\u7d2f\u5229\u963f\u5730\u5ce1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u62c9\u591a\u52a0\u6e56\u5317\u5cb8\uff0c\u4e1c\u5cb8\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u8fd8\u5c06\u6e2f\u53e3\u6c49\u79d1\u5e02\u79df\u501f\u7ed9\u82cf\u8054\u5f53\u6d77\u519b\u57fa\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u82ac\u5170\u6210\u529f\u4fdd\u536b\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5c06\u8fd110%\u7684\u56fd\u571f\u9762\u79ef\uff0c\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u4eec\u51e0\u4e4e\u5168\u4f53\u8fc1\u5f80\u4ed6\u4e61\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\u7559\u4e0b\u52a0\u5165\u82cf\u8054\u56fd\u7c4d\u3002<\/p>\n

1940\u5e74\u590f\u5929\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u5de5\u5175\u70b8\u6bc1\u4e86\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u7889\u5821\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u51e0\u5ea7\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u5acc\u592a\u504f\u50fb\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u592a\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u503c\u5f97\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u6d6a\u8d39\u70b8\u836f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4fa5\u5e78\u7559\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u4f4d\u4e8e\u80e1\u9a6c\u7ea6\u57fa\u5730\u533a\u7684\u7279\u91cc\u7ea6\u57fa\uff08Terijoki\uff09\u2014\u2014\u9ad8\u7ef4\u4f0a\u65af\u6258\u94c1\u8def\u7ebf\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4e24\u5ea7\u65e7\u7889\u5821\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u82e5\u5e72\u5c0f\u578b\u7889\u5821\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u83b1\u5fb7\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4e24\u6bb5\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u6218\u58d5\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u521d\u89c1\u82ac\u5170\u7b51\u5792\u9632\u7ebf\u7684\u82cf\u519b\u58eb\u5175\u4eec\u662f\u5f88\u754f\u60e7\u90a3\u4e9b\u7889\u5821\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5728\u4eca\u65e5\u770b\u6765\u5341\u5206\u4e4b\u8352\u8c2c\u7684\u6d41\u8a00\u5728\u9a7b\u624e\u4e8e\u5361\u7d2f\u5229\u963f\u5730\u5ce1\u4e00\u5e26\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u519b\u961f\u91cc\u4f20\u64ad\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u591a\u6570\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u58eb\u5175\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u4e61\u4e0b\u5f81\u52df\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u5230\u8fc7\u50cf\u6837\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5728\u4e61\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d41\u8a00\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u3002\u6700\u79bb\u8c31\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u662f\u8bf4\u82ac\u5170\u7889\u5821\u7684\u4e0a\u9762\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u539a\u539a\u7684\u4e00\u5c42\u6a61\u80f6\uff0c\u70ae\u5f39\u6253\u4e0a\u53bb\u5c31\u4f1a\u8df3\u5f39\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d41\u8a00\u662f\u5728\u70ae\u5175\u76f4\u7784\u5c04\u51fb\u7889\u5821\u4e4b\u540e\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u70ae\u5f39\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u5f39\u5230\u4e00\u8fb9\uff0c\u7ed9\u4eba\u4e00\u79cd\u7889\u5821\u5982\u540c\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u6a61\u80f6\u4e00\u822c\u6709\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u9519\u89c9\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6d41\u8a00\u8fd8\u6709\u7889\u5821\u7684\u88c5\u7532\u677f\u5e95\u4e0b\u88c5\u4e86\u5f39\u7c27\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u5236\u7684\u7f51\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7f20\u4f4f\u6216\u8005\u5f39\u5f00\u70ae\u5f39\u2014\u2014\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u8a00\u7eaf\u7cb9\u662f\u82cf\u8054\u58eb\u5175\u770b\u5230\u7889\u5821\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f2a\u88c5\u7f51\u6709\u611f\u800c\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n

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