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[8](p.4)<\/p>\n<p>\u9ad8\u4e00\u6db5\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u5212\u5165\u201c\u519b\u9600\u201d\u4e4b\u5217\uff0c\u5374\u62c5\u5fc3\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u3001\u6216\u4ece\u5357\u65b9\u9635\u8425\u51fa\u73b0\u65b0\u7684\u519b\u9600\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u8206\u8bba\u754c\u4e0d\u4e4f\u652f\u6301\u8005\uff0c\u5510\u6709\u58ec\u5bf9\u5357\u65b9\u4f9d\u9760\u6b66\u529b\u53ca\u8054\u7edc\u519b\u4e8b\u52bf\u529b\u6d3e\u653f\u7b56\u8868\u793a\u6000\u7591\uff1a\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u519b\u9600\u662f\u6839\u672c\u9760\u4e0d\u4f4f\u7684\uff0c\u519b\u9600\u51b3\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u6c11\u4f17\u8c0b\u798f\u5229\u3002\u60f3\u5229\u7528\u519b\u9600\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u53ea\u4e3a\u519b\u9600\u6240\u5229\u7528\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u6b66\u529b\u6c11\u4f17\u5316\uff0c\u9002\u8db3\u4f7f\u6c11\u4f17\u6210\u4e3a\u6b66\u529b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u2026\u2026\u6240\u4ee5\u519b\u9600\u4e07\u65e0\u5229\u7528\u4e4b\u7406\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6c11\u4f17\u4e00\u9f50\u8d77\u6765\u6253\u5012\u519b\u9600\u4e4b\u4e00\u6cd5\u3002\u201d[10](p.4)\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u989c\u865a\u5fc3\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u9ad8\u4e00\u6db5\uff0c\u6279\u8bc4\u201c\u540d\u6d41\u201d\u6587\u4eba\u5434\u7a1a\u6656\uff1a\u201c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u6562\u5927\u80c6\u8bf4\uff1a&#8217;\u519b\u9600\u6210\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u540d\u6d41\u4e4b\u6367\u573a\u2019\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u6b32\u6551\u4eca\u65e5\u4e4b\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5fc5\u5f97\u5584\u826f\u4e4b\u653f\u5e9c\u800c\u540e\u53ef\u3002\u6b32\u5f97\u5584\u826f\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5fc5\u5148\u6253\u5012\u519b\u9600\uff0c\u5fc5\u5148\u8bf7\u9000\u7ad9\u5728\u519b\u9600\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u540d\u6d41\u3002\u201d[11](p.20)<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u60c5\u7eea\u4ea2\u594b\u7684\u8bba\u6218\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u738b\u5409\u5360\u63d0\u7b14\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u5bf9\u53cc\u65b9\u8fdb\u884c\u6279\u8bc4\uff1a\u201c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5434\u7a1a\u6656\u3001\u9ad8\u4e00\u6db5\u4e24\u4f4d\u5148\u751f\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u519b\u9600\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e13\u4ece\u4e2a\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u7740\u773c\uff0c\u672a\u4ece\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7740\u773c\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\uff0c\u7279\u8d21\u9119\u89c1\u3002\u201d[12]\u738b\u5409\u5360\u4e3b\u5f20\u4ee5\u8d85\u8131\u4e2a\u4eba\u60c5\u7eea\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5b66\u7406\u7814\u8ba8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u91ca\u519b\u9600\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5185\u6db5\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u6f14\u53d8\u53ca\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u519b\u9600\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u201c\u636e\u4f5c\u8005\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u79c1\u89c1\uff0c&#8217;\u519b\u9600\u2019\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u628a\u4ed6\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5e94\u5f53\u628a\u4ed6\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5236\u5ea6\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81f3\u5c11\u4e5f\u5e94\u5f53\u628a\u4ed6\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a&#8217;\u51c6\u5236\u5ea6\u2019\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u2026\u2026\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a&#8217;\u519b\u9600\u2019\u90fd\u5907\u6709\u5de6\u5217\u4e4b\u76f8\u540c\u8981\u7d20\uff1a(\u4e00)\u636e\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e4b\u9632\u5730\uff1b(\u4e8c)\u81ea\u7531\u7ec3\u5175\u655b\u8d22\uff0c\u53ca\u5904\u5206\u4e00\u5207\u6c11\u653f\uff1b(\u4e09)\u4e2a\u4eba\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5747\u4ee5\u5b9e\u529b\u4e3a\u4fdd\u8bc1\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ecf\u4eba\u6c11\u7968\u4e3e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7ecf\u4e2d\u592e\u4efb\u547d\uff0c(\u4efb\u547d\u4e5f\u662f\u5047\u7684)\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u519b\u9600\u7684\u52bf\u529b\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4faf\u56fd\u3002\u201d[12]<\/p>\n<p>\u738b\u5409\u5360\u6307\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u5224\u65ad\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u4e0e\u5434\u4f69\u5b5a\u662f\u5426\u519b\u9600\uff0c\u9700\u4ece\u5236\u5ea6\u5c42\u9762\u638c\u63e1\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u533a\u5206\u6807\u51c6\uff1a\u201c\u4eca\u65e5\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u4e4b\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7ad9\u5728\u6781\u7aef\u72ec\u88c1\u5236\u5ea6(\u519b\u9600)\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f55\u4ee5\u6709\u8fdb\u5316\u4e8e\u6c11\u6cbb\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e4b\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u519b\u9600\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e4b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u800c\u8bba\uff0c\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u548c\u5434\u4f69\u5b5a\u662f\u6beb\u65e0\u533a\u522b\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0e\u5176\u56e2\u4f53\u601d\u60f3\u800c\u8bba\uff0c\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u4e0e\u5434\u4f69\u5b5a\u662f\u5927\u76f8\u60ac\u6b8a\u7684\u3002\u201d[12]<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/img0.baidu.com\/it\/u=2741282037,3838007957&amp;fm=253&amp;fmt=auto&amp;app=138&amp;f=JPEG?w=500&amp;h=718\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section>\u5434\u7a1a\u6656<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u867d\u7136\u53d7\u5230\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u5434\u7a1a\u6656\u4e5f\u8868\u793a\u540c\u610f\u738b\u5409\u5360\u4ece\u5236\u5ea6\u7740\u773c\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ed3\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e24\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u79f0\u8d5e\u738b\u5409\u5360\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e09\u5927\u5206\u6b67\u800c\u5f97\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u7bc7\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u8981\u5546\u91cf\u662f\u5426&#8217;\u6709\u519b\u5373\u9600\u2019\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6709\u5426&#8217;\u975e\u9600\u4e4b\u519b\u2019\u3002\u4e0b\u7bc7\u5373\u6b32\u8d21\u732e\u80fd\u5426&#8217;\u5316\u9600\u4e3a\u519b\u2019\u3002\u7136\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e24\u5148\u751f\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bf4\u5f97\u5341\u5206\u660e\u767d\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u738b\u5148\u751f\u628a\u519b\u9600\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a\u51c6\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u771f\u662f\u4e00\u7bc7\u6709\u6570\u7684\u5409\u7965\u5927\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u4ece\u6b64\u519b\u9600\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5bfb\u5f97\u51fa\u5b9e\u73b0\u6c11\u6cbb\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u3002\u201d[7](p.5)\u5434\u7a1a\u6656\u5b9e\u9645\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u738b\u5409\u5360\u7684\u519b\u9600\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u4e2d\u56fd\u5404\u671d\u4ee3\u90fd\u6709\u519b\u9600\u73b0\u8c61\uff1a\u201c\u9f50\u5ba3\u738b\u6881\u60e0\u738b\u80fd\u5426\u505a\u5f97\u6210\u6c64\u6b66\uff0c\u56fa\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u800c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u4e16\uff0c\u679c\u5426\u518d\u80fd\u7528\u5927\u519b\u9600\uff0c\u5206\u914d\u4e86\u5c0f\u519b\u9600\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u5b89\u65e0\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e43\u6700\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u2026\u2026\u6216\u8005\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u9042\u4ed7\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u9002\u5e94\u4e4e\u65f6\u4e16\uff0c\u7adf\u6251\u706d\u4e86\u4f17\u519b\u9600\uff0c\u5f00\u8d77\u4e8c\u5343\u5e74\u7687\u5e1d\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u201d [7](p.6)\u5434\u7a1a\u6656\u5bf9\u4e8e\u738b\u5409\u5360\u5e76\u975e\u53ea\u662f\u89c2\u70b9\u547c\u5e94\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u53ca\u5b66\u7406\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u81ea\u201c\u519b\u9600\u201d\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f55\u8c13\u201c\u519b\u9600\u201d\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u672a\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u5176\u95f4\u66fe\u6709\u9648\u72ec\u79c0\u57281918\u5e74\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u519b\u9600\u201d\u662f\u201c\u90a3\u6beb\u65e0\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u5e72\u9884\u653f\u6cbb\u7834\u574f\u56fd\u6cd5\u9a6c\u8d3c\u5f0f\u7684\u6076\u4e10\u5f0f\u7684\u519b\u9600\u3002\u201d[13](p.431)\u8c2d\u5e73\u5c71\u57281920\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u519b\u4eba\u4e13\u6709\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff1b\u6211\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\uff1a\u53d8\u6210\u519b\u4eba\u72ec\u64c5\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u519b\u4eba\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u63e1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u52bf\u529b\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u522b\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u522b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u53eb\u505a&#8217;\u519b\u9600\u2019\uff0c\u6545\u8fd1\u65e5\u6240\u8c13\u5317\u6d0b\u7cfb\uff0c\u897f\u5357\u7cfb\uff0c\u548c\u4e1c\u4e09\u7701\u7cfb\uff0c\u76f4\u96b6\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b89\u5fbd\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e91\u8d35\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e7f\u897f\u7cfb\u7b49\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5357\u5317\u519b\u9600\u6240\u4e13\u6709\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u201d [14]\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d3e\u7684\u300a\u5b64\u519b\u300b\u6742\u5fd71923\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u6253\u5012\u519b\u9600\u4e13\u520a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u519b\u9600\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u4e0d\u5916\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u5c31\u662f(\u4e00)\u85d0\u89c6\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff1b(\u4e8c)\u4e13\u8c0b\u79c1\u5229\uff1b\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u519b\u9600\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u660e\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u519b\u9600\u662f\u85d0\u89c6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e13\u8c0b\u79c1\u5229\u7684\u519b\u961f\u3002\u201d[15]<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u7167\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5404\u5bb6\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u53ef\u77e5\u738b\u5409\u5360\u7684\u201c\u519b\u9600\u201d\u5b9a\u4e49\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u5360\u636e\u201c\u9632\u5730\u201d\u3001\u7ec3\u5175\u655b\u8d22\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u52bf\u529b\u8303\u56f4\u7b49\u4e09\u4e2a\u5224\u65ad\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u5145\u5b9e\u4e86\u65e2\u6709\u8bba\u8ff0\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u8f83\u591a\u8ba4\u540c\uff1b\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u4f9d\u7167\u5b66\u7406\u8bf4\u8bdd\u201d\uff0c\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\u201c\u519b\u9600\u201d\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u6807\u51c6\uff1b\u65b0\u7684\u201c\u519b\u9600\u201d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u88ab\u8fd0\u7528\u4e8e\u53e4\u4ee3\u5386\u53f2\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u201c\u519b\u9600\u201d\u8bdd\u8bed\u4f53\u7cfb\u5728\u591a\u65b9\u5411\u5f97\u5230\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e2\u662f\u738b\u5409\u5360\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4e5f\u6807\u660e\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u201c\u519b\u9600\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u6c34\u5e73\u5df2\u6709\u6781\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e09\u3001 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[7](p.7)\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u7684\u786e\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5357\u65b9\u515a\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u5efa\u7acb\u515a\u519b\u8fdb\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u56fd\u519b\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9e\u73b0\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u519b\u653f\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u6784\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/img1.baidu.com\/it\/u=540070663,3108581097&amp;fm=253&amp;fmt=auto&amp;app=138&amp;f=JPEG?w=390&amp;h=480\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section>\u738b\u4e16\u6770<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u9ad8\u4e00\u6db5\u59cb\u7ec8\u62c5\u5fe7\u5357\u65b9\u653f\u6743\u6b66\u88c5\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u8d8b\u5411\u3002\u5728\u8bba\u6218\u6682\u544a\u505c\u606f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e00\u6db5\u4f59\u5174\u672a\u4e86\uff0c\u5199\u4e86\u300a\u519b\u6cbb\u4e0e\u515a\u6cbb\u300b\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u7406\u5c42\u9762\u5206\u6790\u515a\u519b\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\u201c\u8fd1\u6765\u5357\u5317\u653f\u6cbb\u5982\u8d70\u5404\u7684\u5c94\u9053\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u53d1\u626c\u519b\u6cbb\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u8bb4\u6b4c\u515a\u6cbb\uff1b\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u60f3\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u5e73\u7d20\u6240\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u6c11\u6cbb\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u7b14\u52fe\u9500\u3002\u5728\u519b\u6cbb\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u56fa\u7136\u8bf4\u4e0d\u4e0a\u6c11\u6cbb\uff1b\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u515a\u6cbb\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u8c08\u4e0d\u5230\u6c11\u6cbb\u3002\u8fd9\u51e0\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c0f\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u9189\u5fc3\u6c11\u6cbb\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u675e\u5fe7\uff1b\u5927\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5374\u662f\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5fc3\u4e2d\u6240\u9690\u4f0f\u7684\u4e00\u56e2\u7591\u5ff5\u3002\u201d[19](p.9)\u9ad8\u4e00\u6db5\u4ece\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u4e86\u201c\u519b\u6cbb\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6c11\u6cbb\u201d\u53ca\u201c\u515a\u6cbb\u201d\u5728\u4f53\u5236\u4e0a\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u5e73\u6c11\u9769\u547d\u8ffd\u6c42\u76ee\u6807\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u201c\u6c11\u6cbb\u201d\uff0c\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u201c\u519b\u6cbb\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u53c8\u6307\u51fa\u201c\u515a\u6cbb\u201d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u800c\u540c\u6837\u662f\u8fc7\u6e21\u6027\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fc7\u6e21\u5177\u6709\u79ef\u6781\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u519b\u4eba\u6cbb\u56fd\u6cbb\u6c11\u53ea\u53ef\u7b97\u4f5c\u53cd\u4e32\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81f3\u5c11\u4e5f\u8981\u7b97\u662f\u517c\u804c\uff1b\u515a\u4eba\u6cbb\u56fd\u6cbb\u6c11\u53ea\u53ef\u7b97\u4f5c\u672c\u884c\uff0c\u53ea\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e13\u4efb\u3002\u519b\u961f\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7edd\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6c11\u6cbb\u7684\u6a21\u56f4\uff0c\u653f\u515a\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5927\u53ef\u7b97\u4e3a\u6c11\u6cbb\u7684\u56fe\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u519b\u961f\u4e0e\u653f\u515a\u6700\u663e\u660e\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u70b9\u3002\u201d[19](p.11)<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u201c\u628a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u7406\u7531\u5f52\u7ed3\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff1a\u519b\u6cbb\u4e0e\u6c11\u6cbb\u662f\u80cc\u9053\u800c\u9a70\uff0c\u515a\u6cbb\u4e0e\u6c11\u6cbb\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u6b8a\u9014\u540c\u5f52\u3002\u4e0d\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u515a\u6cbb\u662f\u8fbe\u5230\u6c11\u6cbb\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u515a\u6cbb\u5c31\u662f\u6c11\u6cbb\u7684\u7f29\u5f62\u3002\u201d[19](p.12)<\/p>\n<p>\u9ad8\u4e00\u6db5\u300a\u519b\u6cbb\u4e0e\u515a\u6cbb\u300b\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u540c\u6570\u5e74\u540e\u80e1\u6c49\u6c11\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\u751a\u4e3a\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u80e1\u6c49\u6c11\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6c11\u56fd\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u5317\u4f10\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u519b\u9600\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u515a\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u9769\u547d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6210\u529f\u3002\u552f\u5176\u519b\u4e8b\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u672a\u53d7\u8457\u515a\u7684\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7edf\u5236\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e55\u5317\u4f10\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u519b\u9600\u653f\u6743\u4e4b\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9769\u547d\u653f\u6743\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u552f\u5176\u9769\u547d\u653f\u6743\u4e4b\u672a\u80fd\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e94\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u519b\u9600\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u515a\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u201d[20]<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5927\u9646\u5b66\u754c\u5c11\u6709\u4ece\u519b\u653f\u5173\u7cfb\u89d2\u5ea6\u7814\u7a76\u519b\u9600\uff0c\u5404\u56fd\u5b66\u754c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u519b\u653f\u5173\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u5341\u5206\u8584\u5f31\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u65e5\u672c\u4e09\u5b85\u6b63\u6811\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u519b\u4eba\u5708\u4e4b\u5916\u7684&#8217;\u6587\u6c11\u2019\u5b66\u754c\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u653f\u519b\u5173\u7cfb\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u8fd8\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u96be\u4ee5\u89c1\u5230\u3002\u201d[21](p.90)\u8131\u79bb\u4e86\u519b\u653f\u5173\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u519b\u9600\u7814\u7a76\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u771f\u6b63\u6df1\u5165\u3002\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f20\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e13\u5bb6\u5374\u5148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