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1946\u5e743\u6708\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\uff09\u516d\u5c4a\u4e8c\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\uff0c\u662f\u5168\u76d8\u8ba8\u8bba\u6218\u540e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5404\u9879\u653f\u7b56\u5e76\u51b3\u5b9a\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u8d70\u5411\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u4e2d\u592e\u5168\u4f1a\u3002\u5bf9\u82cf\u5916\u4ea4\u548c\u4e1c\u5317\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u662f\u6b64\u6b21\u5168\u4f1a\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u4e89\u6267\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u53ca\u4e8e\u4e2d\u82cf\u5173\u7cfb\u53ca\u4e1c\u5317\u63a5\u6536\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ee5\u53f0\u5317\u6240\u85cf\u76f8\u5173\u6863\u6848\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u8bba\u8ff0\u516d\u5c4a\u4e8c\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u5173\u4e8e\u5bf9\u82cf\u5916\u4ea4\u548c\u4e1c\u5317\u95ee\u9898\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u7531\u6765\u3001\u7ecf\u8fc7\u53ca\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u4f7f\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\u66f4\u4e3a\u6df1\u5165\u3002[1]<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u516d\u5c4a\u4e8c\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u8ba8\u8bba\u5bf9\u82cf\u5916\u4ea4\u53ca\u4e1c\u5317\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7531\u6765<\/p>\n
\u81ea\u201c\u4e5d\u4e00\u516b\u201d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e1c\u5317\u957f\u671f\u6ca6\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u5360\u9886\u533a\u3002\u5bf9\u65e5\u6297\u6218\u5f00\u59cb\u540e\uff0c\u6536\u590d\u4e1c\u5317\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6297\u6218\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u540c\u76df\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\u4e0e\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f46\u56e0\u4e89\u53d6\u82cf\u8054\u53c2\u52a0\u5bf9\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c1945\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u82f1\u82cf\u4e09\u56fd\u9996\u8111\u5728\u96c5\u5c14\u5854\u4f1a\u8c08\u4e2d\u8fbe\u6210\u79d8\u5bc6\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u5c06\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u4e1c\u5317\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u4e3b\u6743\u64c5\u81ea\u8ba9\u6e21\u7ed9\u82cf\u8054\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u867d\u5bf9\u6b64\u6301\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5f02\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u5b9e\u529b\u6240\u9650\uff0c\u8feb\u4e8e\u4e09\u5927\u56fd\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4e8e\u6297\u6218\u80dc\u5229\u524d\u5915\uff0c\u4e0e\u82cf\u8054\u7b7e\u8ba2\u300a\u4e2d\u82cf\u53cb\u597d\u540c\u76df\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u88ab\u8feb\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u4e09\u5927\u56fd\u5bf9\u4e1c\u5317\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u5b89\u6392\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e2d\u56fd\u635f\u5931\u4e86\u4e1c\u5317\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\u652f\u6301\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u63a5\u6536\u4e1c\u5317\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6297\u6218\u80dc\u5229\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5bf9\u4e2d\u82cf\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u534f\u52a9\u4e0b\u63a5\u6536\u4e1c\u5317\u62b1\u6301\u4e50\u89c2\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u30021945\u5e749\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u5e2d\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u5728\u4e3a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u201c\u4e5d\u4e00\u516b\u201d14\u5468\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u5e7f\u64ad\u6f14\u8bf4\u4e2d\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u4e1c\u5317\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u76df\u90a6\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u63f4\u52a9\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5f00\u7f57\u5ba3\u8a00\u53ca\u6ce2\u8328\u5766\u516c\u544a\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u4e1c\u5317\u540c\u80de\u4ea6\u7531\u6b64\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u89e3\u653e\uff0c\u91cd\u8fd4\u4e86\u7956\u56fd\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u5c06\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u653f\u4eba\u5458\u53ca\u6211\u56fd\u7684\u519b\u961f\u5c31\u8981\u6765\u5230\u4e1c\u5317\uff0c\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u9694\u7edd\u4e86\u5341\u56db\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e45\u7684\u4eb2\u7231\u540c\u80de\u63e1\u624b\u8a00\u6b22\u3002\u201d\u3002[2] \u53ef\u89c1\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u4ea6\u672a\u6599\u53ca\u5176\u540e\u63a5\u6536\u4e1c\u5317\u4e4b\u6ce2\u6298\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u5927\u5927\u51fa\u4e4e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u610f\u6599\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5176\u63a5\u6536\u4e1c\u5317\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fdc\u4e0d\u53ca\u5f53\u521d\u8bbe\u60f3\u7684\u987a\u5229\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u519b\u961f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u4e1c\u5317\u767b\u9646\uff0c\u5df2\u5230\u4e1c\u5317\u51c6\u5907\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u4e1c\u5317\u884c\u8425\u8bf8\u5458\u5728\u82cf\u519b\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u4e0b\u51e0\u65e0\u6d3b\u52a8\u4f59\u5730\uff0c\u800c\u540c\u65f6\u671f\u4e2d\u5171\u90e8\u961f\u5219\u5927\u4e3e\u51fa\u5173\uff0c\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u4e1c\u5317\u7684\u5e7f\u5927\u5730\u76d8\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5df2\u65e0\u6cd5\u5982\u5176\u9884\u671f\u7684\u987a\u5229\u63a5\u6536\u4e1c\u5317\uff0c\u4e1c\u5317\u95ee\u9898\u5f88\u5feb\u6f14\u53d8\u6210\u5bf9\u82cf\u5916\u4ea4\u4e0e\u5bf9\u5171\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u4e0e\u5185\u653f\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u7ea0\u845b\u3002[3] \u7531\u4e8e\u82cf\u8054\u519b\u961f\u9a7b\u624e\u4e1c\u5317\u548c\u5df1\u65b9\u519b\u961f\u4e0d\u80fd\u987a\u5229\u51fa\u5173\u7684\u5f62\u52bf\u6240\u9650\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e1c\u5317\u6682\u65f6\u65e0\u529b\u4ee5\u519b\u4e8b\u63a5\u6536\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u80fd\u5bc4\u5e0c\u671b\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u5916\u4ea4\u4ea4\u6d89\u5b8c\u6210\u63a5\u6536\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6545\u5176\u5bf9\u7b56\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u9762\u575a\u6301\u6761\u7ea6\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u4e00\u9762\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ea4\u6d89\u7ee7\u7eed\u51c6\u5907\u63a5\u6536\u201d\u3002[4]<\/p>\n
11\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u7167\u4f1a\u82cf\u8054\u9a7b\u534e\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u56e0\u8fd0\u5175\u81f3\u4e1c\u4e09\u7701\u4e8b\uff0c\u906d\u9047\u8bf8\u79cd\u963b\u788d\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e1c\u5317\u884c\u8425\u53ca\u5176\u968f\u884c\u8d74\u4e1c\u5317\u63a5\u6536\u5404\u9879\u884c\u653f\u4e4b\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fbe\u6210\u5176\u4efb\u52a1\u201d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u4e1c\u5317\u884c\u8425\u8fc1\u81f3\u5c71\u6d77\u5173\u5f85\u547d\u3002[5] \u5176\u540e\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u65b9\u9762\u683c\u4e8e\u4fe1\u5b88\u5916\u4ea4\u6761\u7ea6\u53ca\u56e0\u5e94\u56fd\u9645\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u538b\u529b\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5bf9\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u63a5\u6536\u4e1c\u5317\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8ba9\u6b65\uff0c\u540c\u610f\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u63a5\u6536\u4e1c\u5317\u82e5\u5e72\u7701\u4efd\u53ca\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u884c\u653f\u6743\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u56fd\u5171\u77db\u76fe\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5927\u80cc\u666f\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u4eba\u5458\u201c\u56e0\u65e0\u5145\u5206\u6b66\u529b\uff0c\u5904\u5904\u4e3a\u516b\u8def\u519b\u6240\u963b\u788d\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u5728\u5404\u5730\u63a5\u6536\u653f\u6743\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e\u865a\u9970\u201d\u3002[6]<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u82cf\u53cc\u65b9\u5728\u4e1c\u5317\u63a5\u6536\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5185\u82e5\u5e72\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u6d3e\u7cfb\u9887\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5bf9\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u515a\u56fd\u201d\u5229\u76ca\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u6218\u540e\u5927\u4f53\u5f62\u6210\u4e3a\u5bf9\u82cf\u5bf9\u5171\u5f3a\u786c\u4e0e\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u91ce\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ee5CC\u7cfb\u3001\u9ec4\u57d4\u7cfb\u53ca\u82e5\u5e72\u575a\u6301\u53cd\u5171\u7acb\u573a\u4e4b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5b98\u5458\u4e3a\u5f3a\u786c\u6d3e\u4e2d\u575a\uff0c\u800c\u4ee5\u653f\u5b66\u7cfb\u3001\u82f1\u7f8e\u7cfb\u53ca\u82e5\u5e72\u4e0e\u848b\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e4b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5b98\u5458\u4e3a\u6e29\u548c\u6d3e\u4ee3\u8868\u3002[7] \u5bf9\u4e1c\u5317\u63a5\u6536\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u50f5\u6301\u4e0d\u4e0b\u53ca\u5bf9\u82cf\u5916\u4ea4\u7684\u201c\u5931\u8d25\u201d\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5f3a\u786c\u6d3e\u65e9\u6709\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e3b\u5176\u4e8b\u8005\u2015\u2015\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u957f\u738b\u4e16\u6770\u3001\u4e1c\u5317\u884c\u8425\u4e3b\u4efb\u718a\u5f0f\u8f89\u3001\u4e1c\u5317\u884c\u8425\u7ecf\u6d4e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4efb\u59d4\u5458\u5f20\u5609\u7488\u7b49\u5747\u76ee\u4e3a\u653f\u5b66\u7cfb\u5e72\u5c06\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u610f\u89c1\u3002\u800c\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u51fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e2d\u82cf\u5173\u7cfb\u53ca\u56fd\u5171\u5173\u7cfb\u5927\u5c40\u7684\u8003\u8651\u800c\u538b\u5236\u5176\u516c\u5f00\u8868\u9732\uff0c\u66f4\u6fc0\u8d77\u5f3a\u786c\u6d3e\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002\u81f31946\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u5728\u8bf8\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5185\u5bf9\u5bf9\u82cf\u5916\u4ea4\u53ca\u4e1c\u5317\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u89c1\u6e10\u8d8b\u516c\u5f00\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
\u82cf\u8054\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5bf9\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u63a5\u6536\u4e1c\u5317\u6301\u6d88\u6781\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e1c\u5317\u8d44\u6e90\u5f3a\u63a0\u5f3a\u5360\uff0c[8] \u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e1c\u5317\u8d44\u6e90\u53ca\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7531\u4e2d\u82cf\u5408\u4f5c\u7ecf\u8425\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4f01\u56fe\u4ee5\u5408\u6cd5\u624b\u6bb5\u5360\u6709\u4e1c\u5317\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u4e1c\u5317\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5176\u8c0b\u53d6\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u81ea1945\u5e7411\u6708\u52301946\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u82cf\u53cc\u65b9\u4e3a\u6b64\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u591a\u6b21\u4ea4\u6d89\uff0c\u5747\u56e0\u82cf\u8054\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u8fc7\u9ad8\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fbe\u6210\u59a5\u534f\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5347\u9ad8\u4e86\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5185\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002 1946\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u51fa\u5bf9\u4e2d\u82cf\u4e1c\u5317\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u4f5c\u4ea4\u6d89\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u610f\u89c1\uff0c[9] \u7f8e\u56fd\u7279\u4f7f\u9a6c\u6b47\u5c14\u4ea6\u5411\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5411\u82cf\u8054\u4f5c\u4efb\u4f55\u8ba9\u6b65\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u4e0d\u5229\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u64a4\u5175\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u5728\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u9762\u524d\u6210\u4e3a\u6761\u7ea6\u7684\u7834\u574f\u8005\u3002[10] \u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u4e3a\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u82cf\u8054\u72ec\u5360\u4e1c\u5317\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d44\u672c\u8fdb\u5165\u4e1c\u5317\u6253\u5f00\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e4b\u95e8\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u4f7f\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5185\u201c\u4e3b\u5f20\u5bf9\u82cf\u91c7\u5f3a\u786c\u6001\u5ea6\u8005\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u543e\u53ef\u85c9\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a9\u529b\u4ee5\u6297\u82cf\u8054\u201d\u3002\u6b63\u503c\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u96c5\u5c14\u5854\u5bc6\u7ea6\u5168\u6587\u6b63\u5f0f\u516c\u5e03\uff0c\u53c8\u4f7f\u56fd\u5185\u8206\u8bba\u5bf9\u5927\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u727a\u7272\u4e2d\u56fd\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u884c\u5f84\u8868\u793a\u5f3a\u70c8\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u201c\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u6c11\u7779\u6b64\u534f\u5b9a\uff0c\u5fc5\u5927\u8d77\u6124\u61d1\u65e0\u7591\u201d\uff0c[11] \u4e3a\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5f3a\u786c\u6d3e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u8d44\u5229\u7528\u7684\u8206\u8bba\u53ca\u7fa4\u4f17\u52a9\u529b\uff0c\u201c\u9887\u601d\u5229\u7528\u7fa4\u4f17\u6b64\u79cd\u5fc3\u7406\u4ee5\u6253\u51fb\u4e2d\u5171\u5e76\u63a8\u7ffb\u515a\u6d3e\u4e4b\u59a5\u534f\u201d\u3002[12] 2\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\u5404\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u7206\u53d1\u7684\u53cd\u82cf\u53cd\u5171\u6e38\u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6311\u52a8\u4e0e\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002[13] 2\u670813\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u53d1\u8868\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e1c\u5317\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u56db\u70b9\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e1c\u5317\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c[14] \u53c8\u6fc0\u8d77\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5bf9\u653f\u6cbb\u534f\u5546\u4e0e\u56fd\u5171\u548c\u89e3\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5f3a\u786c\u6d3e\u7684\u53cd\u5f39\uff0c\u800c\u82cf\u8054\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4ece\u4e1c\u5317\u64a4\u519b\u7684\u4e3e\u52a8\uff08\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u82cf\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u672c\u5e94\u4e8e1946\u5e742\u67081\u65e5\u81ea\u4e1c\u5317\u64a4\u9000\uff09\uff0c\u4ea6\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eec\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e2d\u5171\u529b\u56fe\u5360\u636e\u4e1c\u5317\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u66f4\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f5c\u51fa\u79cd\u79cd\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u8fed\u52a0\u53ca\u5176\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5904\u7406\u4e1c\u5317\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u73af\u5883\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u57cb\u4e0b\u4e86\u516d\u5c4a\u4e8c\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u5bf9\u82cf\u5916\u4ea4\u53ca\u4e1c\u5317\u95ee\u9898\u4e89\u6267\u7684\u79cd\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u516d\u5c4a\u4e8c\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u6709\u5173\u5bf9\u82cf\u5916\u4ea4\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e0e\u4e89\u6267<\/p>\n
1946\u5e743\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u68c0\u8ba8\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u6218\u540e\u653f\u7b56\u5f97\u5931\u5e76\u51b3\u5b9a\u5176\u540e\u653f\u7b56\u8d70\u5411\u7684\u516d\u5c4a\u4e8c\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u5728\u91cd\u5e86\u5f00\u5e55\u3002\u5168\u4f1a\u542c\u53d6\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u62a5\u544a\u6d89\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u519b\u4e8b\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u7b49\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5bf9\u82cf\u5916\u4ea4\u53ca\u4e1c\u5317\u95ee\u9898\u6210\u4e3a5\u65e5\u30016\u65e5\u300114\u65e5\u4f1a\u8bae\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e0e\u4e89\u6267\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
3\u67085\u65e5\u4e0b\u5348\uff0c\u5168\u4f1a\u4e3e\u884c\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u957f\u738b\u4e16\u6770\u4f5c\u5916\u4ea4\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8c08\u53ca\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u3001\u5bf9\u65e5\u7ba1\u5236\u3001\u5bf9\u82cf\u5916\u4ea4\u53ca\u4e1c\u5317\u63a5\u6536\u3001\u5bf9\u8d8a\u5173\u7cfb\u7b49\u82e5\u5e72\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u738b\u4e16\u6770\u6df1\u77e5\u5bf9\u82cf\u5916\u4ea4\u53ca\u4e1c\u5317\u95ee\u9898\u8f83\u6613\u5f15\u8d77\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u62a5\u544a\u65f6\u5e76\u672a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u91cd\u70b9\u9610\u91ca\uff0c\u4e14\u8bed\u8c03\u5e73\u9759\u6e29\u548c\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u529b\u6c42\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u82cf\u4ea4\u6d89\u89e3\u51b3\u4e1c\u5317\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7acb\u573a\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u63d0\u53ca\uff0c\u201c\u636e\u82cf\u65b9\u6240\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u64a4\u9000\u4e4b\u5ef6\u7f13\uff0c\u7cfb\u56e0\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u6211\u653f\u5e9c\u73b0\u6b63\u5411\u82cf\u65b9\u7ee7\u7eed\u50ac\u8be2\u4e2d\u201d\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u82cf\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u4f5c\u4ea4\u6d89\uff0c\u201c\u4e2d\u82cf\u4e24\u65b9\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6b64\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u8fc4\u672a\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u60df\u82cf\u519b\u4e4b\u64a4\u9000\u4f9d\u7167\u534f\u5b9a\u539f\u4e0d\u9644\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e4b\uff0c\u6b64\u4e00\u4e89\u8bae\u4e4b\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5e94\u4e0d\u80fd\u63aa\u6210\u82cf\u519b\u7f13\u64a4\u4e4b\u539f\u7531\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u201c\u4e2d\u82cf\u4eb2\u5584\u8bda\u5982\u672c\u515a\u603b\u88c1\u6240\u4e91\uff0c\u4e0d\u7279\u4e3a\u4e2d\u82cf\u4e24\u56fd\u6240\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u6291\u5b9e\u4e3a\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u5b89\u5168\u6240\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u672c\u4eba\u6df1\u671b\u53cc\u65b9\u540c\u672c\u4eb2\u5584\u53cb\u597d\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4f7f\u82cf\u519b\u64a4\u9000\u95ee\u9898\u8fc5\u83b7\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u201d[15]<\/p>\n
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5\u65e5\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u957f\u738b\u4e16\u6770\u5728\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u201c\u5747\u4ee5\u6fc0\u70c8\u653b\u51fb\u4e4b\u8bed\u8c03\uff0c\u6307\u8d23\u4e88\u4e4b\u5916\u4ea4\u8f6f\u5f31\uff0c\u6216\u4e3b\u5f20\u5c06\u4e2d\u82cf\u4e89\u6267\uff08\u4e1c\u5317\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u63d0\u4ed8\u56fd\u9645\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u8427\u94ee\u5728\u4f1a\u573a\u53d1\u8a00\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u7f62\u514d\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u957f\u3002\u201d[17] \u800c\u5728\u65c1\u89c2\u8005\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u738b\u4e16\u6770\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u7a33\u5065\u800c\u6709\u6761\u7406\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u6279\u8bc4\u8005\u201c\u8a00\u5747\u6fc0\u5207\uff0c\u638c\u58f0\u4e0d\u5c11\u201d\u3002[18]<\/p>\n
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