\u7ffb\u8bd1 \u718a\u732b\u8bd1\u793e \u66fe\u4e39<\/p>\n
\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u662f\uff0c\u67cf\u6797\u5899\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e00\u65b9\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u300a\u67cf\u6797 1961\uff1a\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u3001\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5371\u9669\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u300b\uff08Kennedy, Khrushchev, and the Most Dangerous Place on Earth\uff09
\n\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u00b7\u80af\u666e\uff08Frederick Kempe\uff09\u8457<\/p>\n
\n1961 \u5e748 \u6708 13 \u65e5\uff0c\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7H\u00b7\u6d1b\u8d6b\u7eb3\uff08Robert H. Lochner\uff09\u5f00\u8f66\u524d\u5f80\u67cf\u6797\u4e1c\u533a\u3002\u6d1b\u8d6b\u7eb3\u662f\u67cf\u6797\u7f8e\u5360\u533a\u4e00\u5bb6\u7535\u53f0\u7684\u7f16\u5bfc\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e38\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u9690\u85cf\u5f0f\u5f55\u97f3\u673a\u8bb0\u5f55\u56e0\u51b3\u5b9a\u4fee\u7b51\u67cf\u6797\u5899\u800c\u88ab\u7a81\u7136\u88ab\u56f0\u5728\u4e1c\u533a\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u6bcf\u5468\u90fd\u6709\u51e0\u5343\u4eba\u9003\u79bb\uff0c\u5a01\u80c1\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u3002\u6d1b\u8d6b\u7eb3\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4f4d\u8001\u5987\u4eba\u602f\u751f\u751f\u5730\u8d70\u5411\u4e00\u540d\u4e58\u8b66\uff0c\u8be2\u95ee\u4e0b\u4e00\u8d9f\u901a\u5f80\u897f\u67cf\u6797\u7684\u5217\u8f66\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5f00\u8f66\u3002\u4ed6\u6c38\u8fdc\u8bb0\u5f97\u8b66\u5b98\u90a3\u8f7b\u8511\u7684\u56de\u7b54\uff1a\u201c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u6210\u4e86\u74ee\u4e2d\u4e4b\u9cd6\u4e86\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u4ed6\u4eec\u786e\u5b9e\u88ab\u56f0\u4f4f\u4e86\u3002\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u5360\u9886\u533a\u65e0\u6cd5\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7e41\u8363\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u4f9d\u9760\u8d37\u6b3e\u4fdd\u6301\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u505a\u5f97\u5341\u5206\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u56fa\u4e0e\u897f\u67cf\u6797\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u8fde\u9b4f\u739b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7e41\u534e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6ce2\u8328\u5766\u5e7f\u573a\u4e5f\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4eba\u8ff9\u7f55\u81f3\u7684\u96f7\u533a\u3002\u76f4\u5230 1989 \u5e74 5 \u6708\u5308\u7259\u5229\u653f\u5e9c\u5f00\u653e\u5176\u4e0e\u5965\u5730\u5229\u7684\u8fb9\u5883\uff0c\u6574\u5ea7\u4f24\u75d5\u7d2f\u7d2f\u7684\u5927\u53a6\u624d\u5f7b\u5e95\u5d29\u584c\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5fb7\u56fd\u5408\u4e8c\u4e3a\u4e00\uff0c\u4e3e\u4e16\u9707\u60ca\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u662f\u534e\u6c99\u6761\u7ea6\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08Warsaw Pact\uff09\u80fd\u66f4\u65e9\u4e00\u4e9b\u89e3\u6563\u5417\uff1f\u662f\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u603b\u7edf\u7f3a\u4e4f\u63a8\u5012\u67cf\u6797\u5899\u7684\u52c7\u6c14\u5417\uff1f\u662f\u4ed6\u65e0\u610f\u95f4\u4fc3\u6210\u4e86\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5e1d\u56fd\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\uff08Atlantic Council\uff09\u4e3b\u5e2d\u517c\u603b\u6267\u4e8b\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u00b7\u80af\u666e\uff08Frederick Kempe\uff09\u5728\u300a\u67cf\u6797 1961\u300b\uff08Berlin 1961\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u80af\u666e\u66fe\u7ecf\u662f\u300a\u534e\u5c14\u8857\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\uff08Wall Street Journal\uff09\u5fb7\u56fd\u5206\u793e\u793e\u957f\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53c2\u8003\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u82cf\u8054\u8bf8\u591a\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u5e76\u91c7\u8bbf\u4e86\u65e0\u6570\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u67cf\u6797\u5371\u673a\u7684\u4eb2\u5386\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5bfc\u81f4 1961 \u5e74 8 \u6708\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u91cd\u6784\u5f15\u4eba\u5165\u80dc\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4ece\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ed3\u8bba\u5374\u4e0d\u592a\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4ed6\u603b\u7edf\u4efb\u671f\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u88ab\u4ed6\u641e\u5f97\u4e00\u56e2\u7cdf\u3002\u732a\u6e7e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5931\u5229\u8ba9\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8086\u610f\u606b\u5413\u7684\u6bdb\u5934\u5c0f\u4f19\u3002\u5371\u673a\u91cd\u91cd\u7684 1961 \u5e74 6 \u6708\uff0c\u4e24\u4eba\u5728\u7ef4\u4e5f\u7eb3\u78b0\u9762\uff0c\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u6c14\u52bf\u6c79\u6c79\u5730\u8bd5\u56fe\u7ef4\u6301\u67cf\u6797\u7684\u5bf9\u5cd9\uff0c\u800c\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u4e5f\u4f01\u56fe\u63d2\u624b\uff0c\u4f46\u8868\u73b0\u8f6f\u5f31\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5370\u8bc1\u4e86\u813e\u6c14\u66b4\u8e81\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u603b\u7edf\u5173\u4e8e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u6613\u5f81\u670d\u4ed6\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u624b\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u4e8b\u540e\u5fc3\u6709\u4f59\u60b8\u7684\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u79c1\u4e0b\u5bf9\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\uff08New York Times\uff09\u8bb0\u8005\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u96f7\u65af\u987f\uff08James Reston\uff09\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4ed6\u731b\u70c8\u5730\u62a8\u51fb\u4e86\u6211\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u7ba1\u600e\u6837\uff0c\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u6210\u529f\u5411\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u8868\u8fbe\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5174\u8da3\u662f\u4fdd\u7559\u7f8e\u519b\u901a\u9053\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u897f\u67cf\u6797\u3002\u6839\u636e\u80af\u666e\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a\u53f8\u6cd5\u90e8\u957f\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u79c1\u4e0b\u548c\u514b\u683c\u52c3\u7279\u5de5\u683c\u5965\u5c14\u57fa\u00b7\u535a\u5229\u6c99\u79d1\u592b\uff08Georgi Bolshakov\uff09\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e76\u544a\u8bc9\u4ed6\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u548c\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u5f88\u201c\u540c\u60c5\u201d\u82cf\u8054\u5bf9\u5fb7\u56fd\u590d\u4ec7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u201c\u6050\u60e7\u201d\u3002\u67cf\u6797\u5899\u5efa\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u6c89\u9ed8\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u544a\u8bc9\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u50da\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u9053\u5899\u603b\u6bd4\u6218\u4e89\u8981\u597d\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u80af\u666e\u6307\u8d23\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u6ca1\u6709\u91c7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u8d77\u8349\u4e86\u5efa\u9020\u67cf\u6797\u5899\u7684\u5267\u672c\u3002\u80af\u666e\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u7eb5\u5bb9\u4e86\u4e1c\u5fb7\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u963b\u6b62\u96be\u6c11\u6d41\u51fa\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6 28 \u5e74\u540e\u7684\u707e\u96be\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u653f\u5e9c\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u91cd\u5fc3\u653e\u5728\u5c06\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u9010\u51fa\u6b27\u6d32\u4e0a\u3002\u201d\u80af\u666e\u76f4\u63a5\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u672c\u6765\u5e94\u8be5\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4ed6\u8c34\u8d23\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u7834\u574f\u5c01\u9501\u8fb9\u5883\u3001\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u91c7\u53d6\u5236\u88c1\u63aa\u65bd\u6765\u60e9\u7f5a\u4ed6\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u624b\u3002\u5728\u80af\u666e\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u5728\u67cf\u6797\u7684\u6210\u529f,\u8ba9\u4ed6\u66f4\u52a0\u5927\u80c6\u5730\u4e8e1962 \u5e74 10 \u6708\u5728\u53e4\u5df4\u5b89\u7f6e\u4e86\u6838\u5bfc\u5f39\u3002\u80af\u666e\u65ad\u5b9a\uff0c\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u5728\u53e4\u5df4\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u538b\u5012\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6 1963 \u5e74\u8bbf\u95ee\u897f\u67cf\u6797\u7684\u5927\u83b7\u5168\u80dc\u5219\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u65b0\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u201d\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5728\u90a3\u65f6\u6d6e\u51fa\u6c34\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u662f 1961 \u5e74\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u771f\u7684\u641e\u7838\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5411\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4f4e\u5934\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u5949\u884c\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u8d2f\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u5728\u96c5\u5c14\u5854\u4f1a\u8bae\uff08Yalta conference\uff09\u548c\u6ce2\u8328\u5766\u4f1a\u8bae\uff08Potsdam conference\uff09\u4e0a\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5171\u540c\u7b56\u5212\u5c06\u5fb7\u56fd\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u5757\u5360\u9886\u533a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5fb7\u6000\u7279\u00b7\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\uff08Dwight Eisenhower\uff09\u5728 1945 \u5e74 4 \u6708\u613f\u610f\u52a0\u5feb\u6218\u6597\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e94\u8be5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u7ea2\u519b\u7387\u5148\u62b5\u8fbe\u67cf\u6797\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u4e3a\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u76ee\u6807\u727a\u7272\u7f8e\u56fd\u58eb\u5175\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u65af\u5927\u6797\u89e3\u653e\u4e86\u67cf\u6797\uff0c\u4ed8\u51fa\u4e86\u65e0\u6570\u751f\u547d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u66fe\u7ecf\u771f\u6b63\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u5728\u4e1c\u6b27\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u6784\u6210\u8fc7\u5a01\u80c1\u30021953 \u5e74\u4e1c\u5fb7\u548c 1956 \u5e74\u5308\u7259\u5229\u8d77\u4e49\u7206\u53d1\u65f6\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u5230\uff1b1968 \u5e74\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625\uff08Prague Spring\uff09\u65f6\u6797\u767b\u00b7\u7ea6\u7ff0\u900a\uff08Lyndon B. Johnson\uff09\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u5230\uff1b1981 \u5e74\u6ce2\u5170\u5ba3\u5e03\u6212\u4e25\u4ee4\u65f6\u7f57\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u91cc\u6839\uff08Ronald Reagan\uff09\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u5230\u3002\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u7684\u5730\u76d8\u6211\u505a\u4e3b\u201d\uff08Cuius regio, eius religio\uff09\u8fd9\u4e00\u53e4\u8001\u6cd5\u5219\u4e00\u76f4\u76db\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u662f\uff0c\u67cf\u6797\u5899\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e00\u65b9\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u897f\u5fb7\u603b\u7406\u5eb7\u62c9\u5fb7\u00b7\u963f\u767b\u7eb3\uff08Konrad Adenauer\uff09\u6765\u81ea\u83b1\u8335\u5170\uff0c\u4ed6\u618e\u6076\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\uff0c\u5e76\u5e0c\u671b\u5fb7\u56fd\u7262\u7262\u4fdd\u6301\u5176\u5728\u5317\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u516c\u7ea6\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08NATO\uff09\u548c\u6b27\u76df\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u4e1c\u5fb7\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u74e6\u5c14\u7279\u00b7\u4e4c\u5e03\u5229\u5e0c\uff08Walter Ulbricht\uff09\u4e5f\u62e5\u6709\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u9685\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u67cf\u6797\u5899\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e5f\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u67cf\u6797\u7206\u53d1\u6838\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u76f4\u5230 1970 \u5e74\uff0c\u4e8b\u60c5\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u751f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u603b\u7406\u7ef4\u5229\u00b7\u52c3\u5170\u7279\uff08Willy Brandt\uff09\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7f13\u548c\u4e0e\u4e1c\u5fb7\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5e76\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u5bf9\u7eb3\u7cb9\u7f6a\u884c\u7684\u5fcf\u6094\u30021989 \u5e74\u66f4\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u4e00\u4ee3\u9886\u5bfc\u5165\u4e3b\u514b\u91cc\u59c6\u6797\u5bab\u3002\u8ddf\u82cf\u8054\u95ee\u9898\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7F\u00b7\u51ef\u5357\uff08George F. Kennan\uff091947 \u5e74\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u5927\u81f4\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u904f\u5236\u653f\u7b56\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u201c\u4e8b\u6001\u9010\u6e10\u7f13\u548c\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u6f14\u53d8\u3002\u5982\u679c 1961 \u5e74\u5bf9\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u91c7\u53d6\u5bf9\u6297\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u76f8\u5f84\u5ead\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u7ffb\u8bd1 \u718a\u732b\u8bd1\u793e \u66fe\u4e39 \u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u662f\uff0c\u67cf\u6797\u5899\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e00\u65b9\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002 \u300a\u67cf\u6797 1961\uff1a\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u3001\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u548c\u4e16 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15],"tags":[4790,2027,8169],"views":495,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24938"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24938"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24938\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33349,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24938\/revisions\/33349"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24938"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24938"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24938"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}