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\u7f16\u8005\u6309<\/p>\n

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\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u4e3a19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u8d22\u5bcc\u4e0e\u201c\u65e5\u4e0d\u843d\u201d\u7684\u5a01\u671b\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8feb\u4e0d\u53ca\u5f85\u5730\u53d1\u5c55\u7740\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u6293\u4f4f\u8fd9\u5927\u597d\u7684\u65f6\u673a\uff0c\u8dd1\u5411\u4e00\u7247\u5149\u660e\u7684\u672a\u6765\u3002\u4f46\u6d53\u70df\u3001\u6c61\u6c34\u3001\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\uff0c\u7f20\u4f4f\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\u3002\u5149\u4eae\u4e4b\u4e0b\u662f\u8513\u751f\u7684\u7070\u8272\u5730\u5e26\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u5de5\u4eba\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u8d2b\u6c11\u533a\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0b\u6c34\u9053\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6e05\u6d01\u7684\u996e\u7528\u6c34\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u901a\u98ce\u548c\u91c7\u5149\u2026\u2026\u970d\u4e71\u3001\u4f24\u5bd2\u3001\u80ba\u7ed3\u6838\u8086\u8650\uff0c\u5265\u593a\u4e86\u65e0\u8f9c\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u73b0\u4ee3\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u4e4b\u7236\u57c3\u5fb7\u6e29\u00b7\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b<\/p>\n

\u57c3\u5fb7\u6e29\u00b7\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u72c2\u50b2\u800c\u4e00\u751f\u78b0\u58c1\u7684\u4ece\u653f\u8005\uff0c\u5374\u503e\u5176\u6bd5\u751f\u7cbe\u529b\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002\u867d\u6709\u504f\u6267\u548c\u8c2c\u8bef\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e0e\u6210\u5c31\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5353\u8457\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4e5f\u6c38\u8fdc\u548c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7d27\u7d27\u8fde\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n

\u64b0\u6587 | \u5f20\u653f\u5b87<\/strong><\/p>\n

01<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u4e2a\u4eba\u5c0f\u4f20<\/p>\n

1800\u5e741\u670824\u65e5\uff0c\u57c3\u5fb7\u6e29\u00b7\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u66fc\u5f7b\u65af\u7279\u7684\u6717\u8d5b\u7279\u51fa\u751f\u3002\u5176\u7236\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u5bf9\u653f\u6cbb\u5f88\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u62c5\u4efb\u591a\u5bb6\u6fc0\u8fdb\u62a5\u7eb8\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u5176\u6bcd\u53bb\u4e16\u65e9\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u536b\u751f\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u5bf9\u5bb6\u4eba\u8981\u6c42\u4e25\u683c\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u731c\u6d4b\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u7684\u536b\u751f\u601d\u60f3\u6216\u8bb8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u5979\u90a3\u513f\u3002<\/p>\n

1810\u5e74\u8fc1\u5c45\u4f26\u6566\uff0c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u4e00\u5fc3\u60f3\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u5f8b\u5e08\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u517c\u804c\u505a\u8bb0\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

1828\u5e74\u81f31829 \u5e74\uff0c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u8fde\u7eed\u5728\u300a\u5a01\u65af\u7279\u654f\u65af\u7279\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\u548c\u300a\u4f26\u6566\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u51e0\u7bc7\u9488\u5bf9\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6539\u9769\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u4ed6\u521d\u6b65\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u536b\u751f\u601d\u60f3\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u8ba4\u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u4e00\u5b9a\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u5bff\u547d\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

1830 \u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u6210\u4e3a\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u8005\u6770\u91cc\u7c73\u00b7\u8fb9\u6c81\u7684\u79d8\u4e66\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u64b0\u5199\u5211\u6cd5\u539f\u7406\u3002\u8fb9\u6c81\u5ba3\u79f0\u4efb\u4f55\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4efb\u4f55\u6cd5\u5f8b\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u6309\u7167\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u6709\u7528\u3001\u662f\u5426\u5408\u4e4e\u6700\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5e78\u798f\u6765\u8861\u91cf\uff0c\u4ed6\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e9a\u5f53\u65af\u5bc6\u5173\u4e8e\u653f\u5e9c\u65e0\u4e3a\u800c\u6cbb\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u653f\u5e9c\u5e72\u9884\u5341\u5206\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u6700\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5e78\u798f\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u9020\u3002<\/p>\n

1832\u5e74\uff0c\u8fb9\u6c81\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u52a0\u5165\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u6d4e\u8d2b\u6cd5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c\u5e76\u64b0\u5199\u6d4e\u8d2b\u6cd5\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n

1836\u5e74\uff0c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u5efa\u8bae\u589e\u52a0\u6b7b\u4ea1\u539f\u56e0\u767b\u8bb0\u3002\u8be5\u5efa\u8bae\u4e8e1838\u5e74\u6210\u4e3a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3002\u5bf9\u6b7b\u4ea1\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u75be\u75c5\u66b4\u53d1\u7684\u5b63\u8282\u3001\u533a\u57df\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

1842\u5e749\u6708\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u4eba\u53e3\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u544a\u300b\u4ee5\u53cd\u6620\u4f26\u6566\u4ee4\u4eba\u9707\u60ca\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u7fa4\u4f17\u536b\u751f\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

1848 \u5e74\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u6cd5\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u4f9d\u6cd5\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e2d\u592e\u536b\u751f\u90e8\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u5168\u56fd\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u536b\u751f\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u5730\u65b9\u536b\u751f\u6539\u9769\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

1854\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9\u536b\u751f\u5b98\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u4ee5\u53ca\u9632\u6cbb\u970d\u4e71\u4e0d\u529b\uff0c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u88ab\u8feb\u89e3\u9664\u4e86\u804c\u52a1\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u89e3\u6563\u3002<\/p>\n

1889\u5e74\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u88ab\u6388\u4e88\u7235\u58eb\u7235\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

1890\u5e747\u67085\u65e5\uff0c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u4eab\u5e7490\u5c81\u3002<\/p>\n

02<\/p>\n

\u52b3\u52a8\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u51b5<\/p>\n

19\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u7684\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u81ea\u8015\u519c\u7834\u4ea7\uff0c\u6d8c\u5165\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u201c\u57281811-1851\u5e74\uff0c\u6bcf10\u5e74\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u548c\u5a01\u5c14\u58eb\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u957f\u7387\u8d85\u8fc723\uff05\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d1841-1851\u5e74\u589e\u957f\u6700\u5feb\u8fbe25.9\uff05\u201d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u957f\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u5feb\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u52b3\u52a8\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u4e3a\u57ce\u5e02\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u9c9c\u7684\u6d3b\u529b\u4e0e\u4e0d\u7aed\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u73af\u5883\u548c\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e5f\u7ed9\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5065\u5eb7\u5e26\u6765\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4f4f\u623f\u4f9b\u5e94\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u4f9b\u6c34\u6392\u6c34\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f3a\u4e4f\u3001\u5783\u573e\u5904\u7406\u56f0\u96be\u6210\u4e3a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u57ce\u9547\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

18\u4e16\u7eaa\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u4e0b\u7684\u82f1\u56fd<\/p>\n

\u57ce\u5e02\u5783\u573e\u5806\u79ef\u5982\u5c71\uff0c\u4e54\u7eb3\u68ee\u00b7\u65af\u5a01\u592b\u7279\uff08\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u53ca\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5bb6\uff09\u5199\u5230\uff1a\u201c\u6c61\u6c34\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5730\u65b9\u6a2a\u6d41\uff0c\u80ae\u810f\u7684\u8272\u8c03\u548c\u6076\u5fc3\u6c14\u5473\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5728\u8bc9\u8bf4\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u6240\u89c1\u7684\u8857\u9053\u3002\u8857\u9053\u4e0a\u6ee1\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u5c60\u6237\u4e22\u4e0b\u7684\u5783\u573e\u3002\u8857\u9053\u4e0a\u603b\u662f\u6709\u7caa\u4fbf\u3001\u5185\u810f\u3001\u8840\u6db2\u4ee5\u53ca\u6eba\u6b7b\u7684\u5c0f\u72d7\u3001\u53d1\u81ed\u7684\u9c7c\u3001\u6b7b\u732b\u548c\u8150\u8d25\u7684\u83dc\u5934\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6d4e\u8d2b\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4efb\u804c\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e86\u4f26\u6566\u5de5\u4eba\u4f4f\u5b85\u533a\u7684\u73af\u5883\u536b\u751f\u53ca\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u95ee\u9898\uff0c1839\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u8c03\u67e5\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u4e0e\u5468\u906d\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc73\u5e74\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u300a\u5927\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u52b3\u52a8\u4eba\u53e3\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u51b5\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u544a\u300b\u8bde\u751f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u201c\u5bf9\u82f1\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u3001\u5168\u9762\u3001\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u63a7\u8bc9\u3002\u201d\u5176\u76f4\u63a5\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u4e8e\u201c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u75be\u75c5\u548c\u8fc7\u4e8e\u62e5\u6324\u7684\u536b\u751f\u6709\u5173\u201d\uff0c\u4e14\u8868\u660e\u201c\u4e2a\u4eba\u65e0\u529b\u63a7\u5236\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7acb\u523b\u7531\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u673a\u5236\u8f6c\u4e3a\u516c\u5171\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236\u624d\u662f\u8865\u6551\u4e4b\u9053\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e09\u5e74\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4ed6\u5411\u6765\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8d2b\u7a77\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u539f\u56e0\u6240\u81f4\uff0c\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u61d2\u60f0\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u8d25\u574f\u76f8\u8fde\u3002\u4f46\u8c03\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u5374\u8ba9\u4ed6\u76f8\u4fe1\u8d2b\u7a77\u662f\u7531\u4e0d\u826f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u73af\u5883\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u75be\u75c5\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d64\u8d2b\uff0c\u8d64\u8d2b\u5219\u5bb9\u6613\u611f\u67d3\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6076\u6027\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u51fa\u9762\u5e72\u6d89\u3002<\/p>\n

\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e95\u7136\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4f1a\u589e\u8fdb\u4e2a\u4eba\u5e78\u798f\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e8b\u52a1\u9700\u8981\u5171\u540c\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u5bb6\u5ead\u6240\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u7684\u4fe1\u6761\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u76ee\u7684\u4fbf\u662f\u4e89\u53d6\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u6700\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

03<\/p>\n

\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u7ba1\u63a7<\/p>\n

19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4f26\u6566\uff0c\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u8086\u8650\uff0c\u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u970d\u4e71\u3001\u6591\u75b9\u4f24\u5bd2\u4ee5\u53ca\u80ba\u7ed3\u6838\u3002<\/p>\n

\u970d\u4e71\u672c\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6052\u6cb3\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u75c5\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u82f1\u56fd\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5bf9\u5916\u6b96\u6c11\uff0c\u970d\u4e71\u4e5f\u9010\u6e10\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u8513\u5ef6\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u970d\u4e71\u57281831-1832\u5e74\u30011848-1849\u5e74\u30011853\u5e74\u53cd\u590d\u88ad\u51fb\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u91cf\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u6050\u614c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u970d\u4e71\u662f\u56e0\u611f\u67d3\u970d\u4e71\u5f27\u83cc\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u4f20\u64ad\u9014\u5f84\u662f\u6c34\u6e90\u4e0e\u98df\u7269\u3002\u201c\u5178\u578b\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u8179\u6cfb\u3001\u5455\u5410\u548c\u7531\u6b64\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u4f53\u6db2\u4e22\u5931\u3001\u8131\u6c34\u3001\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u7d0a\u4e71\u3001\u4f4e\u94be\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u4ee5\u53ca\u5468\u8eab\u5faa\u73af\u8870\u7aed\u7b49\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u53ca\u65f6\u62a2\u6551\u5219\u75c5\u6b7b\u7387\u751a\u9ad8\u3002\u201d\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u57281883\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u79d1\u8d6b\u53ca\u5176\u540c\u65f6\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u970d\u4e71\u5f27\u83cc\u540e\u624d\u88ab\u9010\u6e10\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6591\u75b9\u4f24\u5bd2\u65e2\u662f\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6d41\u884c\u6027\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\uff0c\u5e38\u7206\u53d1\u4e8e\u4eba\u53e3\u5bc6\u96c6\u3001\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6e05\u6d01\u4f9b\u6c34\u3001\u6392\u6c34\u4e0d\u7545\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4eba\u53e3\u805a\u5c45\u533a\u3002\u5728\u6574\u4e2a18\u4e16\u7eaa\u548c19\u4e16\u7eaa\u524d\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u6591\u75b9\u4f24\u5bd2\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u57281818\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f24\u5bd2\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1826-1827\u5e74\u30011831-1832\u5e74\u30011837\u5e74\u30011846-1868\u5e74\u95f4\u53cd\u590d\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u57ce\u9547\u548c\u4e61\u6751\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u7206\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u80ba\u7ed3\u6838\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u662f\u4e0e\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u5c42\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u4f4f\u623f\u66f4\u4e3a\u62e5\u6324\uff0c\u5728\u72ed\u7a84\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u9891\u7e41\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0d\u826f\u7684\u901a\u98ce\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u4e3a\u80ba\u7ed3\u6838\u7684\u4f20\u67d3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7D\u00b7\u7ea6\u7ff0\u900a\u6240\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u65e9\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u7965\uff0c\u62e5\u6324\u3001\u8d2b\u7a77\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u7ed3\u6838\u75c5\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5728\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u662f\u7531\u6c61\u6d4a\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u300a\u62a5\u544a\u300b\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5\u201c\u7634\u6c14\u8bba\u201d\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u73af\u5883\u6e05\u6d01\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u91cc\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5de5\u7a0b\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4ed6\u5c06\u533b\u751f\u7fa4\u4f53\u6446\u5728\u9644\u5c5e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6709\u6240\u5dee\u6c60\u3002<\/p>\n

1853\u5e74\u7684\u970d\u4e71\u9632\u6cbb\u4e0d\u529b\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u4fbf\u53ef\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e8e\u6b64\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6709\u533b\u751f\u63d0\u51fa\u6c34\u6e90\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u970d\u4e71\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u5374\u5e76\u672a\u5f15\u8d77\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u6240\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u81ed\u6c14\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u75be\u75c5\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f20\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u57ce\u5e02\u5783\u573e\u503e\u5012\u5165\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u6cb3\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u201c\u6e05\u6d01\u201d\uff0c\u540e\u679c\u4fbf\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u6c34\u6e90\u53d7\u5230\u4e25\u91cd\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3e\u63aa\u52a0\u91cd\u4e86\u970d\u4e71\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u3002<\/p>\n

04<\/p>\n

\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u7ba1\u63a7\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e0e\u79c1\u4eba\u5893\u5730<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e0\u6cd5\u907f\u5f00\u7684\u4e27\u846c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u519c\u4e1a\u6587\u660e\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u6ba1\u846c\u793c\u4fd7\u5df2\u5b8c\u5168\u843d\u4f0d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u6b7b\u540e\u5c38\u4f53\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5893\u5730\u57cb\u846c\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u846c\u793c\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u73b0\u4ee3\u57ce\u5e02\u4e0e\u5de5\u4e1a\u6587\u660e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u9700\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u53d8\u9769\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e8e1843\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u300a\u4e00\u4efd\u8865\u5145\u62a5\u544a\uff1a\u57ce\u9547\u6ba1\u846c\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7279\u522b\u8c03\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n

19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u846c\u793c\u5341\u5206\u770b\u91cd\uff0c\u4eb2\u4eba\u79bb\u4e16\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f88\u671f\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u4e3e\u529e\u4f53\u9762\u7684\u846c\u793c\u3002\u4f46\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e00\u613f\u671b\u76f8\u8fdd\u80cc\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u5341\u5206\u8d2b\u7a77\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e3a\u4e86\u51d1\u8db3\u4e27\u846c\u8d39\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5c38\u4f53\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ca\u65f6\u5b89\u846c\u3002\u5c38\u4f53\u9732\u5929\u505c\u653e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u5403\u996d\u3001\u5a31\u4e50\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u5207\u751f\u6d3b\u90fd\u5728\u5c38\u4f53\u65c1\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u5c38\u4f53\u5df2\u7ecf\u8150\u5316\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u5927\u91cf\u7ec6\u83cc\u4e14\u81ed\u6c14\u718f\u5929\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6d3b\u7740\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u800c\u57ce\u5e02\u91cc\u7684\u5893\u5730\u7d27\u7f3a\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u65e5\u6e10\u62e5\u6324\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u62e5\u6324\u7684\u5893\u5730\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u52b3\u5de5\u9636\u5c42\u6d41\u884c\u4e00\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u76f8\u4fe1\u4eba\u6b7b\u540e\u8eab\u4f53\u548c\u7075\u9b42\u4f1a\u4e92\u4e3a\u611f\u77e5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u4eec\u9f13\u52b1\u4eb2\u4eba\u4e0e\u5c38\u4f53\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u5c38\u4f53\u4eb2\u8fd1\u4e0e\u5173\u6000\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u5219\u4f7f\u60c5\u51b5\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u7cdf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u6b64\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u6d3b\u7740\u7684\u4eba\u4e0e\u5c38\u4f53\u6bcf\u65e5\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u96be\u514d\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u6291\u90c1\u4e0e\u4e0d\u5b89\uff0c\u6168\u53f9\u751f\u547d\u8106\u5f31\u3001\u4eba\u751f\u82e6\u77ed\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0e\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u63d0\u8bae\u56fd\u5bb6\u63a5\u7ba1\u5893\u5730\u4fee\u7b51\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u536b\u751f\u539f\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u5e72\u51c0\u6e05\u6d01\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u516c\u5893\uff0c\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e13\u95e8\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u76d1\u7763\u4e0b\u846c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u7b26\u5408\u536b\u751f\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u675c\u7edd\u5c38\u4f53\u5728\u5bb6\u505c\u653e\u65f6\u95f4\u8fc7\u957f\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u5f53\u4fee\u5efa\u56fd\u6709\u5316\u505c\u5c38\u623f\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fdd\u969c\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u5728\u5c38\u4f53\u5c1a\u672a\u6b63\u5f0f\u4e0b\u846c\u524d\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5fc5\u987b\u4efb\u547d\u8d44\u8d28\u5408\u683c\u7684\u533b\u751f\u68c0\u67e5\u5458\uff0c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u89c2\u6d4b\u5c38\u4f53\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5b58\u5728\u5047\u6b7b\u73b0\u8c61\u6216\u81f4\u547d\u6027\u75c5\u6bd2\u7ec6\u83cc\u8513\u5ef6\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c38\u4f53\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u505a\u4e86\u5341\u5206\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u89c4\u5212\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u8981\u59d4\u6d3e\u4e13\u4e1a\u533b\u52a1\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u5230\u6b7b\u4ea1\u8005\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u5bf9\u5c38\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e88\u4ee5\u8be6\u5b9e\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u62a5\u544a\u6b7b\u4ea1\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5728\u5c38\u4f53\u79fb\u8d70\u524d\u4e0d\u5f97\u79bb\u5f00\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5c38\u4f53\u4e0a\u75c5\u83cc\u6269\u6563\u5bf9\u5468\u8fb9\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u4e13\u4e1a\u533b\u52a1\u4eba\u5458\u9700\u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u5c38\u4f53\u79fb\u5f80\u505c\u5c38\u623f\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u77e5\u846c\u793c\u3001\u5236\u5b9a\u846c\u793c\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8d39\u7528\u9884\u7b97\u3002\u642c\u8fd0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u533b\u52a1\u4eba\u5458\u8981\u5728\u5c38\u4f53\u8eab\u4e0a\u7528\u7ef3\u7d22\u62f4\u4e2a\u94c3\u94db\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u5176\u7a81\u7136\u590d\u6d3b\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u62a2\u6551\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u533b\u52a1\u4eba\u5458\u8981\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e86\u89e3\u6b7b\u8005\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u5458\u548c\u90bb\u5c45\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u5176\u59d3\u540d\u3001\u5e74\u9f84\u3001\u5730\u5740\u3001\u804c\u4e1a\u3001\u6210\u5458\u5173\u7cfb\u53ca\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u8003\u5bdf\u793e\u4f1a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u5316\u5bf9\u6c11\u4f17\u6b7b\u4ea1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4e3a\u89c4\u907f\u540c\u7c7b\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9884\u9632\u8349\u6848\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c3d\u529b\u907f\u514d\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u63a7\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u56e0\u72af\u7f6a\u8c0b\u6740\u81f4\u6b7b\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u8981\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u6253\u51fb\u6b64\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u56fd\u5bb6\u904f\u5236\u72af\u7f6a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6ba1\u846c\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5411\u4eba\u4eec\u662d\u793a\u751f\u547d\u5386\u7a0b\u7ec8\u7ed3\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c55\u9732\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u6d3b\u4eba\u5411\u6b7b\u800c\u751f\u7684\u751f\u547d\u70ed\u60c5\u3002\u867d\u7136\u56e0\u4e3a\u89e6\u53ca\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u79c1\u4eba\u5893\u5730\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u6309\u7167\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u5ff5\u4f9d\u65e7\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u4e4b\u540e\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u8fd0\u52a8\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

05<\/p>\n

\u6c34\u9053\u7cfb\u7edf\u6539\u9769<\/p>\n

19\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u4f26\u6566\u666e\u901a\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u5783\u573e\u6d8c\u5165\u4f4f\u6240\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5316\u7caa\u6c60\u6216\u79c1\u4eba\u6392\u6c34\u6c9f\uff0c\u96e8\u6c34\u548c\u516c\u5171\u6c61\u6c34\u7ecf\u7531\u516c\u5171\u4e0b\u6c34\u9053\u6392\u653e\u81f3\u91cc\u6cb3\u548c\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u6cb3\u3002\u4e3a\u9632\u6b62\u516c\u5171\u4e0b\u6c34\u9053\u5835\u585e\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e25\u7981\u4e8c\u8005\u76f8\u901a\uff0c\u8fdd\u8005\u4e88\u4ee5\u7f5a\u6b3e\u3002\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u6c61\u6c34\u6392\u653e\u94fe\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n

1815\u5e74\uff0c\u4f26\u6566\u7684\u516b\u5bb6\u4e0b\u6c34\u9053\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5141\u8bb8\u5316\u7caa\u6c60\u548c\u79c1\u4eba\u6392\u6c34\u6c9f\u4e0e\u516c\u5171\u4e0b\u6c34\u9053\u76f8\u901a\uff0c\u6240\u9700\u8d39\u7528\u7531\u79c1\u4eba\u627f\u62c5\u3002\u867d\u7136\u7531\u4e8e\u8d39\u7528\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u652f\u4ed8\u4e0d\u8d77\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4eba\u7167\u505a\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u4e0b\u6c34\u9053\u6c61\u6c34\u76f4\u63a5\u5165\u6cb3\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u5728\u300a\u62a5\u544a\u300b\u4e2d\u6307\u6c34\u9053\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u201c\u7ba1\u7406\u5931\u804c\u3001\u6d6a\u8d39\u8d44\u91d1\u548c\u63aa\u65bd\u4e0d\u5f53\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u201c\u52a8\u8109\u9759\u8109\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u7684\u6c61\u6c34\u4e0e\u7caa\u4fbf\u7edf\u4e00\u6536\u96c6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u8f93\u5230\u519c\u7530\u4f5c\u4e3a\u80a5\u6599\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6536\u96c6\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u4e61\u6751\u5730\u533a\u7684\u96e8\u6c34\u548c\u79ef\u6c34\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6e05\u6d01\u57ce\u9547\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6709\u6301\u7eed\u4f9b\u6c34\u7684\u201c\u52a8\u8109\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\u5c06\u5783\u573e\u3001\u7caa\u4fbf\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u6c61\u6c34\u51b2\u6d17\u5e72\u51c0\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u8fd0\u8f93\u5230\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u80a5\u6599\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u9759\u8109\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\u6536\u96c6\u519c\u6751\u4ee5\u53ca\u57ce\u5e02\u5730\u533a\u7684\u96e8\u6c34\u548c\u79ef\u6c34\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6e05\u6d01\u7528\u6c34\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bbe\u60f3\u8017\u8d44\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u591a\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u534f\u4f5c\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u56e0\u963b\u788d\u91cd\u91cd\u5e76\u672a\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n

06<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u592e\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5de5\u4e1a\u53d1\u8fbe\uff0c\u4f46\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u975e\u5e38\u7cdf\u7cd5<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u6811\u654c\u65e0\u6570\uff0c\u4ed6\u72c2\u50b2\u800c\u4e13\u65ad\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5373\u4fbf\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u96be\u4ee5\u63a8\u8fdb\u3002\u4f46\u57281854\u5e74\u88ab\u8feb\u7ed3\u675f\u516c\u804c\u751f\u6daf\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f9d\u7136\u6025\u5207\u5730\u5173\u6ce8\u7740\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u514b\u91cc\u7c73\u4e9a\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\uff0c\u82f1\u519b\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u533b\u7597\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u51b5\u4f20\u56de\u56fd\u5185\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5f15\u8d77\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u54cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6781\u5927\u5730\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u56e0\u800c\u5728\u5357\u4e01\u683c\u5c14\u7ec4\u5efa\u5979\u7684\u62a4\u7406\u961f\u65f6\uff0c\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u575a\u6301\u59d4\u6d3e\u4e00\u540d\u536b\u751f\u59d4\u5458\u968f\u884c\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5173\u4e8e\u519b\u961f\u536b\u751f\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u624b\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u8fde\u7eed\u53d1\u8868\u6570\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u547c\u5401\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6539\u5584\u9a7b\u5370\u5ea6\u82f1\u519b\u7684\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u90fd\u5954\u6ce2\u5728\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u56fa\u6267\u5df1\u89c1\u3001\u6811\u654c\u65e0\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5728\u4ed6\u89e3\u804c\u65f6\uff0c\u300a\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u62a5\u300b\u751a\u81f3\u520a\u767b\u4e86\u4e00\u5219\u8d5e\u540c\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5b81\u53ef\u5192\u7740\u970d\u4e71\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u53d7\u6b3a\u4fae\u800c\u4fdd\u6301\u5065\u5eb7\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u52c7\u6562\u7684\u6539\u9769\u7684\u786e\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5b8c\u5584\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u4e0d\u662f\u533b\u751f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u6392\u65a5\u533b\u751f\u5728\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u786e\u5b9e\u4e3a\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u800c\u4ed8\u8bf8\u6bd5\u751f\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u8fd1\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u4e4b\u7236\uff0c\u5c06\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u7f6e\u4e8e\u5927\u4f17\u89c6\u91ce\u91cc\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u4f53\u7cfb\u9010\u6e10\u53d1\u5c55\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u5e76\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u4e8b\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/p>\n

[1]\u848b\u6d59\u5b89.\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u4e0e\u8fd1\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u7acb\u6cd5\u53ca\u6539\u9769[J].\u5b89\u5fbd\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5,2005(03):117-120.<\/p>\n

[2]\u9ad8\u5efa\u7ea2. \u75be\u75c5\u3001\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u4eba[N]. \u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u62a5,2019-10-11(007).<\/p>\n

[3]\u6bdb\u5229\u971e.19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4f26\u6566\u4e0b\u6c34\u9053\u6539\u9769\u63a2\u7a76[J].\u82cf\u5dde\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5(\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7248),2019,36(01):98-106+108.<\/p>\n

[4]\u6bdb\u5229\u971e.19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u82f1\u56fd\u970d\u4e71\u4e0e\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5174\u8d77[J].\u5fb7\u5dde\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5,2016,32(1):82-87.<\/p>\n

[5]\u51af\u5a05. \u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u536b\u751f\u4e4b\u7236–\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b[J]. \u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316, 2012, 000(005):16-18.<\/p>\n

[6]\u80e5\u5fd7\u521a. \u8bd5\u679019\u4e16\u7eaa50-70\u5e74\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u7ba1\u7406\u6539\u9769[D].<\/p>\n

[7]\u5f20\u6676\u6676. 19\u4e16\u7eaa30-40\u5e74\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u4e89\u8bba\u7814\u7a76[D]. 2014.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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