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\u7956\u514b\u66fc\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u4e0d\u592a\u50cf\u662f\u4f4d\u7a7a\u4e2d\u529b\u91cf\u89c4\u5212\u4eba\u5458\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e0e\u4ed6\u540c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4eba\u5c06\u4ed6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7f\u7740\u4e0d\u8d77\u773c\u7684\u7c97\u82b1\u5462\u897f\u88c5\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u5c0f\u4eba\u7269\u201d\u30021943\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u65f6\u5e7439\u5c81\u3001\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u5357\u975e\u7684\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u52a8\u7269\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u4ee5\u5176\u300a\u7334\u5b50\u548c\u7c7b\u4eba\u733f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u300b\uff08The Social Life of Monkeys and Apes\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u800c\u51fa\u540d\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u7a7a\u519b\u4e2d\u5c06\u963f\u745f\u2022\u54c8\u91cc\u65af\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u5bf9\u7956\u514b\u66fc\u4e0d\u592a\u611f\u5192\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5632\u7b11\u540e\u8005\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5e73\u6c11\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5176\u5728\u548c\u5e73\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u9ad8\u7b49\u733f\u7334\u7684\u6027\u7578\u53d8\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u7956\u514b\u66fc\u534f\u52a9\u6cf0\u5fb7\u51c6\u5907\u5e76\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u5bf9\u91cd\u8981\u5c9b\u5c7f\u6f58\u6cf0\u83b1\u91cc\u4e9a\u5c9b\uff08Pantelleria\uff09\u4e0a\u7eb5\u6a2a\u4ea4\u9519\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u548c\u516c\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u7ebf\u7684\u534f\u540c\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4e3a\u76df\u519b\u57281943\u5e74\u4e2d\u671f\u767b\u9646\u897f\u897f\u91cc\u5c9b\u505a\u597d\u4e86\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7956\u514b\u66fc\u6709\u6559\u6388\u7684\u602a\u7656\uff0c\u4f46\u6cf0\u5fb7\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u5224\u65ad\u529b\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u5e76\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u7956\u514b\u66fc\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u5224\u65ad\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4e86\u89e3<\/strong><\/p>\n

1944\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u6cf0\u5fb7\u5c06\u7956\u514b\u66fc\u9001\u56de\u4f26\u6566\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u79d8\u5bc6\u7684\u201c\u9738\u738b\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8be5\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f53\u65f6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4f4d\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u4f26\u6566\u8bfa\u798f\u514b\u65c5\u9986\u5185\u7684\u76df\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u623f\u95f4\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u7740\u4e86\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u7a7a\u519b\u5c11\u5c06\u91d1\u65af\u6566-\u9ea6\u514b\u52b3\u592b\u91cc\uff08E. J. Kingston-McCloughry\uff09\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u201c\u4ed6\uff08\u7956\u514b\u66fc\uff09\u5bf9\u5317\u975e\u548c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u8f70\u70b8\u7834\u574f\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u5f88\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u4f7f\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ee5\u4e3a\u53ea\u6709\u4ed6\u4eec\u624d\u77e5\u6653\u8f70\u70b8\u7834\u574f\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u5c34\u5c2c\u3002\u201d\u5728\u7956\u514b\u66fc\u5230\u8fbe\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u91d1\u65af\u6566-\u9ea6\u514b\u52b3\u592b\u91cc\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u4ece\u4e8b\u8bfa\u66fc\u5e95\u767b\u9646\u822a\u7a7a\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u5236\u8ba2\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u610f\u5927\u5229\u6218\u5f79\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u76df\u519b\u5728\u5b89\u9f50\u5965\u6d77\u6ee9\u6cbf\u5cb8\u8bb8\u591a\u8840\u8165\u7684\u767b\u9646\u53d7\u963b\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\u5438\u53d6\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u822a\u7a7a\u4f5c\u6218\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u6108\u52a0\u6fc0\u70c8\u30021944\u5e741\u670822\u65e5\uff0c\u76df\u519b\u5728\u5fb7\u519b\u6218\u7ebf\u4ee5\u5317\u7684\u5b89\u9f50\u5965\u5730\u533a\u767b\u9646\u4e86\u3002\u8d77\u521d\uff0c\u76df\u519b\u53ea\u906d\u9047\u4e86\u8f7b\u5fae\u7684\u62b5\u6297\uff0c\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u6218\u533a\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u9646\u519b\u822a\u7a7a\u961f\u4e0d\u65ad\u8f70\u70b8\u94c1\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u7ebf\uff0c\u8fd9\u7ed9\u4eba\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u662f\uff0c\u94c1\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u88ab\u963b\u65ad\u4e86\uff0c\u6218\u573a\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5c01\u9501\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n


\n\u5728\u5b89\u9f50\u5965\u6ee9\u5934\u9635\u5730\u4e0a\u767b\u9646\u7684\u7f8e\u519b\u90e8\u961f<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5370\u8c61\u53ef\u8c13\u662f\u5927\u9519\u7279\u9519\u3002\u6218\u540e\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6d77\u519b\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u585e\u7f2a\u5c14\u2022\u57c3\u5229\u5965\u7279\u2022\u83ab\u91cc\u68ee\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u9646\u519b\u822a\u7a7a\u961f\u62a5\u544a\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u8f70\u70b8\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u610f\u5927\u5229\u4e2d\u90e8\u7684\u6240\u6709\u94c1\u8def\u548c\u516c\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u7ebf\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u672a\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u201d\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c14\u4e2a\u8f74\u5fc3\u56fd\u5e08\uff08\u6700\u8fdc\u7684\u751a\u81f3\u6765\u81ea\u5357\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u548c\u6cd5\u56fd\u5357\u90e8\uff09\u6b63\u5728\u63a5\u8fd1\u5b89\u9f50\u5965\u6d77\u6ee9\u30021944\u5e742\u670816\u65e5\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u9646\u519b\u5143\u5e05\u963f\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279\u2022\u51ef\u745f\u6797\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u53cd\u51fb\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u76df\u519b10\u4e07\u4eba\u7684\u767b\u9646\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u5fb7\u519b\u7684\u8fdb\u653b\u5175\u529b\u8db3\u8db3\u670912.5\u4e07\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51ef\u745f\u6797\u7684\u53cd\u51fb\u6218\u51e0\u4e4e\u594f\u6548\uff0c\u5fb7\u519b\u7684\u4e24\u6b21\u53cd\u653b\u5c06\u6218\u7ebf\u7684\u7a81\u51fa\u90e8\u6df1\u6df1\u5730\u6954\u5165\u4e86\u76df\u519b\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u9635\u5730\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u76df\u519b\u5374\u987d\u5f3a\u5730\u575a\u6301\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u5728\u731b\u70c8\u7684\u7a7a\u88ad\u548c\u6d77\u519b\u70ae\u706b\u7684\u652f\u63f4\u4e0b\uff0c\u76df\u519b\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5c06\u5fb7\u519b\u8d76\u4e86\u56de\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u76df\u519b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u9669\u8c61\u73af\u751f\u7684\u6218\u5f79\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\u7684\u8bfa\u66fc\u5e95\uff0c\u540c\u76df\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u5fc5\u987b\u505a\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u624d\u884c\u3002\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u548c\u6cf0\u5fb7\u5438\u53d6\u4e86\u5317\u975e\u548c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u6218\u4e8b\u7684\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u7cbe\u5fc3\u5236\u8ba2\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8fdb\u653b\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5e76\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e9\u671f\u6218\u4f8b\u63ed\u793a\u7684\u5fb7\u519b\u53cd\u51b2\u51fb\u548c\u610f\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n


\n\u5728\u5b89\u9f50\u5965\u6218\u5f79\u4e2d\uff0c\u5411\u76df\u519b\u53d1\u8d77\u53cd\u51b2\u51fb\u7684\u5fb7\u519b<\/p>\n

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\u52301944\u5e74\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u6210\u719f\u7684\u6253\u51fb\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5176\u906d\u53d7\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u56db\u5e74\u7684\u5360\u9886\u548c\u5e74\u4e45\u5931\u4fee\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6295\u5165\u5374\u5fae\u4e4e\u5176\u5fae\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u5df2\u5c06\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u706b\u8f66\u5934\u548c\u8f66\u76ae\u8f66\u53a2\u4ece\u6cd5\u56fd\u64a4\u8d70\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7a7a\u88ad\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u3002\u7956\u514b\u66fc\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5176\u529b\u56fe\u53ea\u6253\u6389\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9ad8\u4ef7\u503c\u94c1\u8def\u67a2\u7ebd\u548c\u5927\u578b\u7ef4\u4fee\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u5927\u5316\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u6cf0\u5fb7\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f70\u70b8\u96a7\u9053\u6216\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u7ebf\u624d\u662f\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fee\u590d\u94c1\u8f68\u662f\u4ef6\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u6b63\u5728\u94c1\u8def\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u673a\u8f66\u548c\u8f66\u53a2\u867d\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u65e2\u8d39\u65f6\u53c8\u5371\u9669\u3002\u5bf9\u6865\u6881\u7b49\u76ee\u6807\u9075\u5faa\u7684\u539f\u5219\u5927\u81f4\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u7a7a\u88ad\u8ba1\u5212\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u6a2a\u8de8\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u4e2d\u5fc3\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u7684\u7a7a\u88ad\u5c06\u4ece1944\u5e743\u6708\u521d\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u50cf\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u548c\u6cf0\u5fb7\u90a3\u6837\u5bf9\u6253\u51fb\u94c1\u8def\u8fd0\u8f93\u7ebf\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u5145\u6ee1\u70ed\u60c5\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u95f4\u8fdb\u51651944\u5e742\u6708\u548c3\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u9a7b\u6b27\u7f8e\u519b\u6218\u7565\u7a7a\u4e2d\u529b\u91cf\u53f8\u4ee4\u5361\u5c14\u2022\u201c\u56fe\u4f0a\u201d\u2022\u65af\u5e15\u8328\u4e2d\u5c06\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd0\u8f93\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u5fb7\u519b\u51fa\u52a8\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6218\u6597\u673a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u575a\u4fe1\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u5c06\u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u67b6\u6218\u6597\u673a\u4fdd\u536b\u77f3\u6cb9\u8d44\u6e90\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n


\n\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u7a7a\u519b\u4e2d\u5c06\u4e9a\u745f\u2022\u6cf0\u5fb7\u7537\u7235\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u6b63\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u7a7a\u519b\u5143\u5e05\u4f11\u2022\u7279\u4f26\u67e5\u5fb7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u8ba9\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8f70\u70b8\u94c1\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u7ebf\u7684\u6218\u5f79\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u652f\u6301\u201c\u56fe\u4f0a\u201d\u2022\u65af\u5e15\u8328\u4e2d\u5c06\u7684\u4ee5\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u77f3\u6cb9\u4f9b\u5e94\u4e3a\u9996\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u6cf0\u5fb7\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u65b9\u6848\u594f\u6548\u4e86\uff1a\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u8fd0\u8f93\u51e0\u4e4e\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u505c\u6ede<\/p>\n

\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u6df1\u77e5\u624b\u4e0b\u7684\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u4eec\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u4ed6\u51b3\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u59a8\u788d\u4ed6\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u505a\u7684\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a\u6307\u6325\u6240\u6709\u7528\u4e8e\u767b\u9646\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u7a7a\u4e2d\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7acb\u5373\u5f00\u59cb\u6253\u51fb\u4ea4\u901a\u8fd0\u8f93\u7ebf\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u5730\u575a\u51b3\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u4ed6\u57281944\u5e743\u670822\u65e5\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4e09\u5929\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e2d\u672a\u80fd\u8fbe\u6210\u4ee4\u4eba\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u59a5\u534f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u5c06\u201c\u91c7\u53d6\u4e25\u5389\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u77e5\u53c2\u8c0b\u957f\u8054\u5e2d\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6b64\u4e8b\u7acb\u523b\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4ed6\u5c06\u4ece\u6307\u6325\u5c97\u4f4d\u4e0a\u8bf7\u8f9e\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u7d27\u5f20\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u8bb8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u4ed6\u626c\u8a00\u8981\u8f9e\u804c\u3002\u5f53\u90a3\u573a\u4e8b\u5173\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\u53ec\u5f00\u65f6\uff0c\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u8ba9\u6cf0\u5fb7\u62c5\u4efb\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u8a00\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u6cf0\u5fb7\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7a7a\u4e2d\u529b\u91cf\u5212\u62e8\u7ed9\u540c\u76df\u56fd\u8fdc\u5f81\u519b\u6700\u9ad8\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u8d77\u9488\u5bf9\u6cd5\u56fd\u4ea4\u901a\u8fd0\u8f93\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6218\u5f79\u3002\u65af\u5e15\u8328\u5c06\u519b\u9488\u950b\u76f8\u5bf9\u5730\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8f70\u70b8\u77f3\u6cb9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u94c1\u8def\u573a\u7ad9\u548c\u7f16\u7ec4\u7ad9\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d77\u5230\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u5bf9\u7a7a\u88ad\u77f3\u6cb9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u6ca1\u6709\u5f02\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u575a\u6301\u94c1\u8def\u76ee\u6807\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u3002\u5fb7\u519b\u5728\u897f\u7ebf\u5df2\u7ecf\u670912\u4e2a\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\uff0c\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u63d0\u9192\u5404\u4f4d\u5c06\u9886\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u767b\u9646\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u6210\u529f\u201c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\uff08\u654c\u4eba\u7684\u62b5\u6297\u5175\u529b\uff09\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc712\u4e2a\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d3\u4e2a\u8fd8\u9760\u8fd1\u767b\u9646\u533a\u90e8\u7f72\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece1944\u5e744\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u7a7a\u88ad\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u5fb7\u519b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u201c\u541e\u566c\u201d\u94c1\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u7ebf\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u9020\u6210\u538b\u529b\u3002\u5bf9\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u63a8\u8fdf\u4e00\u4e2a\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\u7684\u5230\u6765\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5c06\u4ea4\u901a\u8fd0\u8f93\u91cf\u964d\u4f4e\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\uff0c\u90fd\u5c06\u8bc1\u660e\u6253\u51fb\u4ea4\u901a\u8fd0\u8f93\u7ebf\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n


\n\u88ab\u7f8e\u519b\u7b2c9\u822a\u7a7a\u961f\u6467\u6bc1\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u6865\u548c\u706b\u8f66\u5934<\/p>\n

\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u6700\u7ec8\u8bf4\u670d\u519b\u4e8b\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u969c\u788d\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u9996\u76f8\u6e29\u65af\u987f\u2022\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u3002\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u66fe\u62c5\u4efb\u8fc7\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u6d77\u519b\u5927\u81e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002\u4ed6\u7ecf\u5e38\u5c31\u6218\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u8868\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u5bf9\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u8f70\u70b8\u94c1\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u5bf9\u5192\u9669\u5f00\u5c55\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba9\u5927\u91cf\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u53d7\u5230\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u8ba1\u5212\u6301\u53cd\u5bf9\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ed6\u8b66\u544a\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u6218\u540e\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u6295\u5165\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u6000\u62b1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u540c\u610f\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u76df\u519b\u5c0f\u5fc3\u7ffc\u7ffc\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8f70\u70b8\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u4ecd\u7ee7\u7eed\u62b1\u6028\u8f70\u70b8\u7684\u9644\u5e26\u4f24\u5bb3\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u8ba9\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u575a\u5b9a\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u57281944\u5e744\u670822\u65e5\u5bf9\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5fd8\u8bb0\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u51b3\u5b9a\u5f00\u5c55\u2018\u9738\u738b\u884c\u52a8\u2019\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u538b\u5012\u6027\u7684\u7a7a\u4e2d\u529b\u91cf\u624d\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u9879\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5371\u9669\u2014\u2014\u8d77\u7801\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e07\u65e0\u4e00\u5931\u2014\u2014\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u53d8\u5f97\u5207\u5b9e\u53ef\u884c\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u57281944\u5e745\u6708\u4efd\u518d\u6b21\u52a8\u6447\u65f6\uff0c\u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797\u2022\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u603b\u7edf\u4eb2\u81ea\u8868\u6001\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u544a\u8bc9\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u7684\u5e73\u6c11\u4f24\u4ea1\u662f\u4ee4\u4eba\u9057\u61be\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u9650\u5236\u4ed6\u7684\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u4eec\u4e3a\u201c\u9738\u738b\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u6210\u529f\u53bb\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u8be5\u8ba1\u5212\u9762\u524d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u754f\u7f29\u60c5\u7eea\u3002\u6cf0\u5fb7\u8bf4\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u901a\u8fc7\u62b5\u6297\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u60c5\u62a5\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u5c06\u8f70\u70b8\u635f\u574f\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u62a5\u544a\u4f20\u56de\u3002\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u8c01\u6bd4\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u66f4\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u52a8\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4e86\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n


\n1944\u5e749\u6708\uff0cB-17\u8f70\u70b8\u673a\u7a7a\u88ad\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u6155\u5c3c\u9ed1\u5730\u533a\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u7f16\u7ec4\u7ad9\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u80a1\u6eda\u6eda\u5347\u8d77\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u70df\u96fe\u63a9\u76d6\u4e86\u5730\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u666f\u8c61<\/p>\n

\u5230\u6b64\u65f6\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u94c1\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u5bc6\u96c6\u8f70\u70b8\u5df2\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u4ece\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u4e8e4\u670817\u65e5\u53d1\u51fa\u76f8\u5173\u6307\u793a\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u540c\u76df\u56fd\u7a7a\u519b\u4fbf\u5c06\u94c1\u8def\u67a2\u7ebd\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u6743\u653e\u5230\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4f4d\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0e\u5f80\u5e38\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u7a7a\u519b\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u6392\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u7f8e\u519b\u7b2c9\u822a\u7a7a\u961f\u3001\u7b2c12\u822a\u7a7a\u961f\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u7a7a\u519b\u8f70\u70b8\u673a\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\u653b\u51fb\u4e86\u94c1\u8def\u7ebf\u7b49\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u65af\u5e15\u8328\u5c06\u519b\u4e8e4\u670819\u65e5\u5c06\u7b2c8\u822a\u7a7a\u961f\u6295\u5165\u6218\u6597\uff0c\u7b2c15\u822a\u7a7a\u961f\u5219\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8865\u5145\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u52301944\u5e744\u6708\u5e95\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u76ee\u6807\u5df2\u7ecf\u906d\u53d7\u4e863\u4e07\u591a\u5428\u76df\u519b\u70b8\u5f39\u7684\u8e42\u8e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5fb7\u519b\u65b9\u9762\u7acb\u5373\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u6b21\u8f70\u70b8\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u573a\u7ad9\u4e2d\u6324\u6ee1\u4e86\u957f\u957f\u7684\u706b\u8f66\u8f66\u53a2\uff0c\u5374\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0a\u8def\u884c\u9a76\u3002\u51af\u2022\u4f26\u5fb7\u65bd\u6cf0\u7279\u5143\u5e05\u4ece\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u58c1\u5792\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u5de5\u4e8b\u4e2d\u62bd\u8c03\u4e861.8\u4e07\u540d\u52b3\u5de5\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u4e8b\u94c1\u8def\u4fee\u590d\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u611f\u5230\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e0d\u5999<\/strong><\/p>\n

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5\u670829\u65e5\uff0c\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u7ed9\u6cf0\u5fb7\u53d1\u53bb\u4e86\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\uff0c\u8be2\u95ee\u7a7a\u88ad\u94c1\u8def\u8fd0\u8f93\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8fc71\u4e07\u4eba\u7684\u4f24\u4ea1\u4e0a\u9650\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u540c\u76df\u56fd\u7a7a\u88ad\u94c1\u8def\u8fd0\u8f93\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u8981\u6bd4\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u6240\u9884\u60f3\u7684\u8fd8\u8981\u5927\uff1a\u5047\u5982\u5728\u8bfa\u66fc\u5e95\u5730\u533a\u7684\u8f70\u70b8\u884c\u52a8\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u4e86\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u767b\u9646\u5730\u70b9\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u76df\u519b\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u7cbe\u5fc3\u7b56\u5212\u7684\u6b3a\u9a97\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u4f7f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5fb7\u519b\u5c06\u9886\u628a\u76ee\u5149\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e86\u52a0\u6765\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u540e\u8005\u624d\u662f\u76df\u519b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u767b\u9646\u5730\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9976\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5e76\u672a\u88ab\u76df\u519b\u7684\u4f0e\u4fe9\u6240\u9a97\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u5143\u5e05\u3002\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u66fe\u5728\u5317\u975e\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u201c\u6c99\u6f20\u4e4b\u72d0\u201d\u7684\u7ef0\u53f7\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4ed6\u8fd8\u5438\u53d6\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u76df\u519b\u7a7a\u4e2d\u529b\u91cf\u5f3a\u608d\u6218\u6597\u529b\u7684\u6b8b\u9177\u6559\u8bad\u3002\u50cf\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u575a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u673a\u52a8\u9884\u5907\u961f\u80fd\u5426\u8fc5\u901f\u5f00\u8fdb\u3002\u4ed6\u57284\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u6709\u7684\u673a\u52a8\u90e8\u961f\u4e0d\u53ca\u65e9\u6295\u5165\u5230\u6d77\u5cb8\u6218\u6597\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u80dc\u5229\u5c06\u6253\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u53f7\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bf9\u76df\u519b\u88ad\u51fb\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u9891\u7387\u7a81\u7136\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e8b\u611f\u5230\u60ca\u8bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u76df\u519b\u5c06\u5728\u8bfa\u66fc\u5e95\u767b\u9646\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4f20\u8bb0\u4f5c\u5bb6\u585e\u7f2a\u5c14\u2022\u7c73\u5207\u59c6\uff08Samuel W. Mitcham\uff09\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u52305\u67089\u65e5\uff0c\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u5df2\u7ecf\u89c6\u5bdf\u4e86\u79d1\u5510\u5766\u534a\u5c9b\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fe1\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c06\u662f\u76df\u519b\u767b\u9646\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5730\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u968f\u7740\u201cD\u65e5\u201d\u7684\u4e34\u8fd1\uff0c\u6cf0\u5fb7\u4e5f\u5411\u673a\u8f66\u8f66\u53a2\u548c\u94c1\u8def\u6865\u6881\u7b49\u76ee\u6807\u6d3e\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6218\u6597\u673a\u548c\u8f70\u70b8\u673a\u30025\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u76df\u519b\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u67091200\u591a\u67b6\u6218\u6597\u673a\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6a2a\u626b\u4e86\u6cd5\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u5217\u8f66\u3002\u76df\u519b\u98de\u884c\u5458\u8fd8\u5f00\u59cb\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u6467\u6bc1\u5df4\u9ece\u548c\u5927\u6d77\u4e4b\u95f4\u585e\u7eb3\u6cb3\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u5ea7\u6865\u6881\u3002\u653b\u51fb\u6865\u6881\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7956\u514b\u66fc\u6700\u521d\u6784\u60f3\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6865\u6881\u662f\u201c\u4e0d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e14\u96be\u6253\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u62e5\u6709\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76df\u519b\u98de\u884c\u5458\u4eec\u6700\u7ec8\u8bc1\u660e\u7956\u514b\u66fc\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

1944\u5e745\u67087\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u7ef4\u519c\uff08Vernon\uff09\u5730\u533a\uff0c8\u67b6P-47\u6218\u6597\u673a\u5404\u81ea\u5206\u522b\u5411\u585e\u7eb3\u6cb3\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u5ea7\u7ea6200\u7c73\u957f\u7684\u94a2\u8d28\u94c1\u8def\u6865\u6295\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e24\u679a1000\u78c5\uff08\u7ea6454\u5343\u514b\uff09\u91cd\u7684\u70b8\u5f39\u3002\u8fd9\u5ea7\u6865\u88ab\u70b8\u6bc1\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5bf9\u8f70\u70b8\u6865\u6881\u6700\u5c16\u9510\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u5bb6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e86\u3002\u5f535\u6708\u63a5\u8fd1\u5c3e\u58f0\u65f6\uff0cP-47\u3001B-26\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u653b\u51fb\u673a\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u8f6e\u53c8\u4e00\u8f6e\u4f4e\u7a7a\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u70b8\u6bc1\u4e86\u4e00\u5ea7\u53c8\u4e00\u5ea7\u6865\u6881\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u8bd5\u56fe\u62a2\u4fee\u88ab\u70b8\u6bc1\u7684\u6865\u6881\u65f6\uff0c\u76df\u519b\u7684\u98de\u884c\u5458\u5bf9\u52b3\u5de5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7a7a\u88ad\uff0c\u5e76\u518d\u6b21\u8f70\u70b8\u4e86\u6865\u6881\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u201c\u7cbe\u786e\u8f70\u70b8\u201d\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u6709\u529b\u8bc1\u660e\uff1a\u6709\u4e86\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6218\u672f\u548c\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c1944\u5e74\u7684\u98de\u884c\u5458\u786e\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\u7cbe\u786e\u8f70\u70b8\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u4ee5\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u8bb6\u7684\u4f4e\u6295\u5f39\u5428\u6570\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u4efb\u52a1\u2014\u2014\u6254\u5728\u585e\u7eb3\u6cb3\u4e0a\u7684\u6865\u6881\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8fd0\u8f93\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u6807\u4e0a\u7684\u5f39\u836f\u5171\u8ba1\u53ea\u67094400\u5428\u3002\u52305\u6708\u5e95\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u5217\u706b\u8f66\u8fd8\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u94c1\u8def\u7ebf\u4e0a\u884c\u9a76\u4e86\u3002\u54c8\u91cc\u65af\u9ebe\u4e0b\u7684\u591c\u95f4\u8f70\u70b8\u673a\u4e5f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7cbe\u786e\u8f70\u70b8\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u6b21\u653b\u51fb\u5c31\u6253\u6389\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u94c1\u8def\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\u603b\u8ba180\u4e2a\u94c1\u8def\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e2d\uff0c\u670951\u4e2a\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u8f70\u70b8\u7834\u574f\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5373\u7834\u574f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u201c\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u884c\u653b\u51fb\u201d\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u9664\u4e864\u4e2a\u94c1\u8def\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u6240\u6709\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5728\u7834\u574f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u90fd\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9ad8\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u6cd5\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u519b\u4e8b\u4e0a\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u548c\u762b\u75ea\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u30025\u670819\u65e5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5fb7\u519b\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u8fd0\u8f93\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\u5230\u4e861944\u5e742\u6708\u4efd\u768438%\u3002\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u7684\u4f20\u8bb0\u4f5c\u5bb6\u7c73\u5207\u59c6\u603b\u7ed3\u8bf4\uff0c\u5230\u201cD\u65e5\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u5168\u56fd\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u8fd0\u529b\u4ec5\u526910%\uff0c\u800c\u8bfa\u66fc\u5e95\u5730\u533a\u5219\u201c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6218\u7565\u5b64\u5c9b\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5fb7\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u88ab\u201c\u51bb\u7ed3\u201d\u5728\u539f\u5730<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000<\/strong>\u5728\u5fb7\u519b\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u8bfa\u66fc\u5e95\u5730\u533a\u76843\u4e2a\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7b2c21\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\u5728\u201cD\u65e5\u201d\u4e0b\u5348\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6218\u6597\u3002\u5fb7\u519b\u7684\u5766\u514b\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u76df\u519b\u5411\u5361\u6602\u7684\u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c\u5e76\u5207\u65ad\u4e86\u82f1\u519b\u7684\u9632\u7ebf\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u652f\u63f4\u800c\u64a4\u9000\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u4e2a\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\uff0c\u5373\u515a\u536b\u519b\u7b2c12\u201c\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u9752\u5e74\u56e2\u201d\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\u548c\u88c5\u7532\u6559\u5bfc\u5e08\u5219\u4e8e6\u67087\u65e5\u62b5\u8fbe\u6218\u573a\uff0c\u4f46\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u76df\u519b\u6218\u6597\u673a\u7684\u75db\u51fb\u3002\u88c5\u7532\u6559\u5bfc\u5e08\u76f4\u52306\u67089\u65e5\u624d\u52a0\u5165\u6218\u6597\uff0c\u8fd9\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u76df\u519b\u767b\u9646\u540e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u5929\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u9ebe\u4e0b\u7684\u90e8\u961f\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u62b5\u6297\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u751a\u81f3\u6301\u7eed\u4e86\u6570\u5468\u4e4b\u4e45\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u589e\u63f4\u90e8\u961f\u6765\u4fdd\u6301\u9632\u7ebf\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u64a4\u51fa\u88c5\u7532\u90e8\u961f\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5175\u529b\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u51fb\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5fb7\u519b\u7684\u63f4\u519b\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53ca\u65f6\u8d76\u5230\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u54c8\u91cc\u65af\u540e\u6765\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff1a\u201c\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\uff08\u5fb7\u519b\uff09\u8fdb\u5165\u524d\u7ebf\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u5904\u5728\u6781\u7aef\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u3002\u201d\u5fb7\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u5728\u201c\u76df\u519b\u538b\u5012\u6027\u7684\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u9634\u5f71\u4e0b\u6218\u6597\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6839\u636e\u54c8\u91cc\u65af\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5fb7\u519b\u6b63\u8bd5\u56fe\u7a33\u4f4f\u524d\u7ebf\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u8eab\u540e\u4e09\u56db\u767e\u82f1\u91cc\u5904\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u7cfb\u7edf\u201c\u5904\u4e8e\u88ab\u70b8\u762b\u548c\u5b8c\u5168\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n


\n\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u89c6\u5bdf\u6d77\u5cb8\u9632\u5fa1\u5de5\u4e8b\u7684\u9014\u4e2d\uff0c\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u5143\u5e05\uff08\u4e2d\uff09\u6b63\u5728\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5fb7\u56fd\u519b\u5b98\u4e00\u8d77\u7814\u7a76\u5730\u56fe\u3002\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u6307\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u94c1\u8def\u8fc5\u901f\u90e8\u7f72\u4ed6\u624b\u5934\u4e0a\u6709\u9650\u7684\u7cbe\u9510\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u6765\u62b5\u6297\u76df\u519b\u7684\u767b\u9646<\/p>\n

\u52306\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u624b\u4e2d\u4ecd\u53ea\u670912\u4e2a\u5e08\uff0c\u603b\u5175\u529b\u7ea612\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\u5df2\u670932.6\u4e07\u591a\u540d\u7f8e\u519b\u548c\u82f1\u519b\u58eb\u5175\u4e0a\u5cb8\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6295\u5165\u6218\u6597\uff0c\u5fb7\u519b\u7b2c2\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\u5fc5\u987b\u6025\u884c\u519b\u7ea6260\u5343\u7c73\uff0c\u76f4\u52306\u670813\u65e5\u624d\u8d76\u5230\u6218\u573a\uff0c\u5fb7\u519b\u53c8\u591a\u82b1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u624d\u8ba9\u8fd9\u652f\u4e00\u8def\u8270\u96be\u8d76\u6765\u7684\u90e8\u961f\u4f5c\u597d\u51c6\u5907\u5e76\u6295\u5165\u6218\u6597\u3002\u7b2c17\u88c5\u7532\u63b7\u5f39\u5175\u5e08\u4e8e6\u670817\u65e5\u53c2\u52a0\u6218\u6597\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e08\uff0c\u5373\u515a\u536b\u519b\u7b2c2\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\u76f4\u52306\u670826\u65e5\u624d\u9732\u9762\u3002\u5230\u4e867\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6512\u591f\u4e864\u4e2a\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\u51c6\u5907\u53d1\u52a8\u53cd\u51fb\uff0c\u4f46\u5fb7\u519b\u7684\u653b\u52bf\u53ea\u8fdb\u5c55\u4e86\u51e0\u82f1\u91cc\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4fbf\u9010\u6e10\u5f0f\u5fae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51af\u2022\u4f26\u5fb7\u65bd\u6cf0\u7279\u5143\u5e05\u540e\u6765\u5199\u4fe1\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u4e0a\u53f8\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u635f\u5931\u60e8\u91cd\u3002\u201d\u77ed\u77ed\u51e0\u5929\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u51af\u2022\u4f26\u5fb7\u65bd\u6cf0\u7279\u5c31\u88ab\u6362\u4eba\u3002\u52301944\u5e747\u6708\u4e2d\u65ec\uff0c\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u4e5f\u8d70\u4eba\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u76df\u519b\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u7a7a\u88ad\u4e2d\u53d7\u4e86\u91cd\u4f24\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u76df\u519b\u5bf9\u4ea4\u901a\u8fd0\u8f93\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u767b\u9646\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u9010\u6e10\u6269\u5927\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u6cf0\u5fb7\u7684\u6307\u6325\u4e0b\uff0c\u540c\u76df\u56fd\u5728\u6574\u4e2a1944\u5e74\u79cb\u5929\u7a7a\u88ad\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u76ee\u6807\u30021944\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u76df\u519b\u5bf9\u9c81\u5c14\u5730\u533a\u7684\u731b\u70c8\u7a7a\u88ad\u8fd8\u51cf\u6162\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u8fd0\u8f93\u7164\u70ad\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u76df\u519b\u5bf9\u77f3\u6cb9\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u94c1\u8def\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u7a7a\u88ad\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u4e5f\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ece\u6218\u5f79\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5bf9\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u8f70\u70b8\u673a\u7f16\u961f\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8f70\u70b8\u94c1\u8def\u7f16\u7ec4\u7ad9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6218\u672f\u8fd0\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5929\u6c14\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u76df\u519b\u5bf9\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u70bc\u6cb9\u5382\u5c55\u5f00\u7cbe\u786e\u8f70\u70b8\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6cf0\u5fb7\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u9020\u5730\u4e0b\u5de5\u5382\uff0c\u4f46\u201c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u547d\u7ebf\u4ecd\u7136\u505c\u7559\u5728\u5730\u9762\u4e0a\u201d\u3002\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5206\u5b50\u8d8a\u5206\u6563\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u94c1\u8def\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4ea4\u901a\u7ebf\u8def\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5c31\u8d8a\u4e25\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n\u5728\u201cD\u65e5\u201d\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u6b63\u5728\u4e0e\u4e00\u961f\u7f8e\u519b\u4f1e\u5175\u4ea4\u8c08<\/p>\n

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