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src=\"https:\/\/img1.baidu.com\/it\/u=3410552802,4241231517&amp;fm=253&amp;fmt=auto&amp;app=120&amp;f=JPEG?w=700&amp;h=448\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u91cd\u5fd7\u4e66<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u56fd\u53f2\u201d\u4e43\u5bc5\u606a\u5148\u751f\u4e00\u751f\u6cbb\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u5fc3\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53f2\uff0c\u4ed6\u65e0\u4e66\u4e0d\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u770b\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\u5904\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u91cd\u5404\u53f2\u4e2d\u7684\u5fd7\u4e66\u3002\u5982\u53f2\u8bb0\u7684\u5929\u5b98\u4e66\u3001\u8d27\u6b96\u5217\u4f20\u3001\u6c49\u4e66\u827a\u6587\u5fd7\u3001\u664b\u4e66\u5929\u6587\u5fd7\u3001\u664b\u4e66\u5211\u6cd5\u5fd7\u3001\u968b\u4e66\u5929\u6587\u5fd7\u3001\u968b\u4e66\u7ecf\u7c4d\u5fd7\u3001\u65b0\u5510\u4e66\u5730\u7406\u5fd7\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u4f1a\u8981\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u751a\u4e3a\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u91cd\u89c6\u4e94\u4ee3\u4f1a\u8981\u7b49\u3002\u4ed6\u4e5f\u91cd\u89c6\u4e09\u901a\uff0c\u4e09\u901a\u5e8f\u6587\uff0c\u4ed6\u90fd\u80fd\u80cc\u8bf5\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u6742\u53f2\uff0c\u4ed6\u770b\u5f97\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6055\u4e0d\u4e00\u4e00\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e86\u3002\u5bc5\u606a\u5148\u751f\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u91cd\u53f2\u5b9e\uff0c\u524d\u5df2\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5f88\u94a6\u4f69\u5218\u77e5\u51e0\u4e0e\u7ae0\u5b9e\u658b\u3002\u4ed6\u5c24\u5176\u63a8\u5d07\u53f8\u9a6c\u6e29\u516c\u901a\u9274\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u8bfb\u8fc7\u4ed6\u968b\u5510\u653f\u6cbb\u53f2\u8ff0\u8bba\u7a3f\u8005\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u672c\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5bc5\u606a\u5148\u751f\u7684\u53f2\u8bc6\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u524d\u4eba\uff0c\u6b64\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u540e\u6765\u5c45\u4e0a\u201d\u8005\u662f\u4e5f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u559c\u6b22\u5e84\u5b50\u8340\u5b50<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u5bc5\u606a\u5148\u751f\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u7384\u5b66\uff0c\u5728\u5b50\u4e66\u65b9\u9762\u9664\u6709\u5173\u5178\u7ae0\u5236\u5ea6\u8005\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f88\u5c11\u63d0\u53ca\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u5f88\u559c\u6b22\u5e84\u5b50\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u89c6\u8340\u5b50\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8340\u5b50\u662f\u5112\u95e8\u7684\u6b63\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4ed6\u53d7\u4e86\u6c6a\u4e2d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4ed6\u5076\u7136\u4e5f\u63d0\u5230\u5b50\u4e66\u4e2d\u8f83\u201c\u50fb\u201d\u7684\u51e0\u7ae0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u62b1\u6734\u5b50\u7684\u8bd8\u9c8d\u7bc7\uff0c\u5217\u5b50\uff08\u53ef\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u90e8\u4f2a\u4e66\uff09\u7684\u6c64\u95ee\u7bc7\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e00\u822c\u5b66\u8005\u6240\u63a8\u5d07\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u5982\u8bba\u8861\u4e4b\u7c7b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f88\u91cd\u89c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8bd7\u63a8\u5d07\u767d\u9999\u5c71<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u6b21\u8bb2\u5230\u96c6\u90e8\uff0c\u96c6\u90e8\u6d69\u5982\u70df\u6d77\uff0c\u535a\u89c8\u5b9e\u96be\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u51e1\u96c6\u90e8\u4e4b\u4e66\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5178\u7ae0\u5236\u5ea6\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u90fd\u7279\u522b\u52a0\u4ee5\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u8bd7\u8bcd\u3002\u5bc5\u606a\u5148\u751f\u5bf9\u6587\uff0c\u6700\u63a8\u5d07\u6b27\u9633\u6587\u5fe0\u516c\u3001\u97e9\u6587\u516c\u3001\u738b\u8346\u516c\u3001\u5f52\u9707\u5ddd\u3001\u59da\u59ec\u4f20\u3001\u66fe\u6587\u6b63\u516c\u8bf8\u5927\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u63a8\u5d07\u66fe\u6587\u800c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u59da\u6587\u4e3a\u53d9\u4e8b\u6761\u7406\u6709\u4f59\uff0c\u800c\u6c14\u9b44\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u672c\u4eba\u5f53\u65f6\u4ea6\u6709\u540c\u611f\u3002\u8881\u5b50\u624d\u65e9\u5e74\u8bc4\u65b9\u82de\u6587\u4e0e\u738b\u6e14\u6d0b\u8bd7\uff0c\u6709\u201c\u4e00\u4ee3\u6b63\u5b97\u624d\u529b\u8584\uff0c\u671b\u6eaa\u6587\u96c6\u962e\u4ead\u8bd7\u201d\u4e4b\u53e5\u3002\u5982\u66fe\u6587\u6b63\u64b0\u7f57\u5fe0\u8282\u516c\u795e\u9053\u7891\u94ed\u6709\u201c\u77eb\u77eb\u5b66\u5f92\uff0c\u76f8\u4ece\u5f81\u8ba8\uff1b\u671d\u51fa\u93d6\u5175\uff0c\u66ae\u5f52\u8bb2\u9053\u3002\u201d\u5982\u6b64\u7c7b\u96c4\u5947\u7470\u73ae\u4e4b\u53e5\uff0c\u5b9e\u975e\u6240\u8c13\u4e00\u822c\u6850\u57ce\u6d3e\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u53ef\u5f97\u5e38\u89c1\u4e5f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bd7\uff0c\u5bc5\u606a\u5148\u751f\u4f69\u670d\u9676\u675c\uff0c\u4ed6\u867d\u597d\u674e\u767d\u53ca\u674e\u4e49\u5c71\u8bd7\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0a\u54c1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5bc5\u606a\u5148\u751f\u91cd\u5199\u201c\u8bd7\u54c1\u201d\uff0c\u592a\u767d\u4e0e\u4e49\u5c71\u8bd7\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u5c06\u5217\u4e3a\u4e8c\u7b49\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u7279\u522b\u559c\u597d\u5e73\u6c11\u5316\u7684\u8bd7\uff0c\u6545\u6700\u63a8\u5d07\u767d\u9999\u5c71\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u4ed6\u201c\u8bba\u518d\u751f\u7f18\u201d\u4e2d\u6709\u201c\u8bba\u8bd7\u6211\u4ea6\u5f39\u8bcd\u4f53\u201d\u4e4b\u53e5\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8bcd\uff0c\u9664\u51e0\u9996\u5b8b\u4eba\u8bcd\u5916\uff0c\u6e05\u4ee3\u8bcd\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e38\u63d0\u5230\u9f9a\u81ea\u73cd\uff08\u5b9a\u5eb5\uff09\u3001\u6731\u7956\u8c0b\uff08\u53e4\u5fae\uff09\u53ca\u738b\u56fd\u7ef4\u4e09\u5148\u751f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bcd\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u7279\u522b\u7684\u55dc\u597d\u3002\u4ed6\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u8bd7\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u5f88\u7cbe\u7f8e\u3002\u4ed6\u540a\u738b\u56fd\u7ef4\u7684\u4e00\u9996\u957f\u8bd7\uff0c\u6d41\u4f20\u6d77\u5185\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u96c5\u4eba\u8fbe\u571f\u6240\u7231\u597d\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e00\u4ee3\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8bd7\u7bc7\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5b66\u68b5\u6587\u7814\u4f5b\u7ecf<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u5bc5\u606a\u5148\u751f\u5728\u56fd\u5b66\u8303\u56f4\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5b66\u95ee\uff0c\u5bc5\u606a\u5148\u751f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u968f\u00a0Lanman\u00a0\u5b66\u4e60\u68b5\u6587\u4e0e\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e8c\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u67cf\u6797\u5927\u5b66\u968f\u00a0Lueders\u00a0\u5b66\u4e60\u68b5\u6587\u53ca\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u8fd1\u4e94\u5e74\u3002\u56de\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u5317\u5e73\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u4e0e\u94a2\u548c\u6cf0\uff08Baron A. Stael Von. 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