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\u6218\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u9645\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e5f\u5c06\u6551\u6d4e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5f00\u5c55\u5230\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5e76\u7eb7\u7eb7\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u529e\u4e8b\u673a\u6784\uff1a1938\u5e74\uff0c\u57c3\u7ef4\u6602\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u96be\u6c11\u95ee\u9898\u653f\u5e9c\u95f4\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees, IGCR)\u5e76\u4e8e1946\u5e74\u6d3e\u5458\u6765\u6caa\u5904\u7406\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u7f6e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u30021943\u5e74\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5584\u540e\u6551\u6d4e\u603b\u7f72\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u8054\u603b\u6700\u9ad8\u6267\u884c\u673a\u6784\u2014\u2014\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u30021944\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u8054\u603b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f72\u5728\u91cd\u5e86\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6700\u65e9\u8fdb\u5165\u8fdc\u4e1c\u5730\u533a\u5c55\u5f00\u6551\u6d4e\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1946\u5e745\u6708\u4ece\u91cd\u5e86\u8fc1\u5f80\u4e0a\u6d77\u529e\u516c\u3002\u4e3a\u63a5\u53d7\u548c\u5206\u914d\u8054\u603b\u8fd0\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6551\u6d4e\u7269\u8d44\uff0c1945\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u91cd\u5e86\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u884c\u653f\u9662\u5584\u540e\u6551\u6d4e\u603b\u7f72\uff08\u7b80\u79f0\u884c\u603b\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u5e7410\u670811\u65e5\uff0c\u884c\u603b\u4e0a\u6d77\u5206\u7f72\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u968f\u7740\u56fd\u9645\u6551\u6d4e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7eb7\u7eb7\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u8bbe\u7acb\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u6551\u6d4e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u7eb3\u5165\u56fd\u9645\u6551\u6d4e\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0e\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u5185\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u524d\u671f\u4ee5\u5730\u533a\u6027\u6551\u6d4e\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u6025\u901f\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u6551\u6d4e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8054\u603b\u4ecb\u5165\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u6551\u6d4e\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u500d\u53d7\u8feb\u5bb3\u7684\u5168\u7403\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u95ee\u9898\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u8054\u603b\u5584\u540e\u6551\u6d4e\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7fa4\u4f53\u6781\u4e3a\u7279\u6b8a\uff0c\u89c4\u6a21\u867d\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u6d89\u53ca\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u5965\u5730\u5229\u3001\u6ce2\u5170\u3001\u6377\u514b\u3001\u7acb\u9676\u5b9b\u7b49\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u4e2d\u6b27\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e14\u53d7\u56fd\u9645\u548c\u56fd\u5185\u53cc\u91cd\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ea\u6709\u50cf\u8054\u603b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u95f4\u56fd\u9645\u7ec4\u7ec7\u80fd\u591f\u62c5\u8d77\u7275\u5934\u534f\u8c03\u5404\u65b9\u6551\u6d4e\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u8d23\u3002\u4e8c\u662f\u636e\u8054\u603b1946\u5e749\u6708\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u603b\u6570\u4e3a1.45\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u67091.41\u4e07\uff0c\u5360\u5168\u56fd97%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u534e\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd187%\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8054\u603b\u5728\u534e\u6551\u6d4e\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u662f\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\uff0c\u5f52\u5728\u8054\u603b\u7684\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u9879\u76ee\u201d\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u524d\u5728\u6218\u65f6\u627f\u62c5\u5927\u91cf\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u6551\u6d4e\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u4e0a\u6d77\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\uff0c\u5728\u6218\u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u7ee7\u7eed\u6551\u6d4e\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u4ecd\u6ede\u7559\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u63d0\u4f9b\u98df\u7269\u7ed9\u517b\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u65e0\u63f4\u7684\u6551\u6d4e\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6218\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0e\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u672c\u5730\u72b9\u592a\u6551\u63f4\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5982\u63f4\u52a9\u6b27\u6d32\u6765\u6caa\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08Committee for the Assistance of European Jewish Refugees in Shanghai, CFA\uff09\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u6551\u52a9\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08International Committee for Granting Relief to European Refugees, IC\uff09\u7b49\u5728\u6218\u540e\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\u6551\u6d4e\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5355\u6253\u72ec\u6597\u7684\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u6025\u9700\u5bfb\u6c42\u65b0\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u4f19\u4f34\u3002\u4e8c\u662f\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u4e0a\u6d77\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u745e\u58eb\u6cd5\u90ce\u6c47\u7387\u6025\u5267\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u57281945\u5e749\u67085\u65e5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u745e\u58eb\u6c47\u81f3\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u6551\u6d4e\u8d44\u91d1\u65ad\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e0e\u8054\u603b\u5f00\u5c55\u5408\u4f5c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u53ca\u65f6\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e86\u5de5\u4f5c\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u8054\u603b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u534f\u52a9\u8005\u3002\u4ece1945\u5e7410\u6708\u8d77\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u8054\u603b\u5df2\u7740\u624b\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9e\u7269\u6551\u6d4e\uff0c\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u5c31\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b9e\u7269\u6551\u6d4e\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\u793e\u533a\u53a8\u623f\uff0c\u6539\u7528\u73b0\u91d1\u6551\u6d4e\uff0c\u8fd8\u5c06\u673a\u6784\u7cbe\u7b80\u4e3a\u8d22\u52a1\u3001\u6551\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u798f\u5229\u3001\u4f4f\u623f\u548c\u533b\u7597\u4e94\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u603b\u90e8\u4e5f\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u6c47\u6b3e\uff0c\u6bcf\u6708\u62e8\u4ed810\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\uff0c\u96be\u6c11\u4eec\u6bcf\u4eba\u6bcf\u6708\u7ea6\u53ef\u9886\u5230\u6765\u81ea\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u7684\u8865\u8d34\u6551\u6d4e\u91d17\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u800c\u4ece1945\u5e7412\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u884c\u603b\u8fd8\u989d\u5916\u5411\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e4.5\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u6cd5\u5e01\u73b0\u91d1\u6551\u6d4e\u6b3e\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u8054\u603b\u7684\u7269\u8d44\u548c\u884c\u603b\u7684\u73b0\u91d1\u8865\u52a9\uff0c\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u80fd\u591f\u817e\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u6551\u6d4e\uff0c\u4ece\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u4e0a\u6d77\u529e\u4e8b\u59041945\u5e7411\u6708\u52301947\u5e743\u6708\u7684\u8d39\u7528\u652f\u51fa\u8868\uff08\u89c1\u88681\uff09\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u6218\u540e\u52301947\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u8d39\u7528\u603b\u652f\u51fa\u4e3a150.85\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\uff081947\u5e742\u6708\u65e0\u6570\u636e\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c1946\u5e745\u6708\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u652f\u51fa\u8d39\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3a\uff1a\u57fa\u672c\u6551\u6d4e\u8d39\u7528\uff08\u542b\u73b0\u91d1\u6551\u6d4e\u3001\u4f4f\u623f\u3001\u533b\u7597\uff09\u548c\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u8d39\u7528\uff1b\u4ece1946\u5e745\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6551\u6d4e\u8d39\u7528\u4e2d\u8fd8\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u5730\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u513f\u7ae5\u7167\u62a4\u548c\u8001\u5e74\u7167\u62a4\u4e24\u9879\u7684\u8d39\u7528\u652f\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u8054\u603b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u804c\u8d23\u4e5f\u9010\u6e10\u6e05\u6670\u30021946\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u5148\u524d\u7531\u8054\u603b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f72\u6307\u793a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u8425\u7684\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u9879\u76ee\u201d\u4e13\u9879\u6b63\u5f0f\u4e0b\u6d3e\u7ed9\u4e86\u8054\u603b\u4e0a\u6d77\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\u63a5\u7ba1\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u8054\u603b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f72\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\u3001\u96be\u6c11\u90e8\u7684\u5206\u5de5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u8054\u603b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f72\u8d1f\u8d23\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u9879\u76ee\u201d\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u8ba1\u5212\u5236\u8ba2\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u7edf\u7b79\u63a8\u8fdb\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1b\u4e0a\u6d77\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b9e\u65bd\u548c\u8fd0\u8425\uff1b\u8054\u603b\u96be\u6c11\u90e8\u8d1f\u8d23\u96be\u6c11\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5168\u7403\u534f\u8c03\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u884c\u603b\u8d1f\u8d23\u76f8\u5173\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u8ddf\u8fdb\u3002\u53cc\u6708\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u201c\u8fdc\u4e1c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f1a\u8bae\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u56fd\u6c9f\u901a\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u540e\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\u7684\u9063\u8fd4\u76ee\u7684\u56fd\u5165\u5883\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdc\u4e1c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5546\u8ba8\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u843d\u5b9e\u597d\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u9879\u76ee\u201d\uff0c\u8054\u603b\u4e0a\u6d77\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u914d\u9f50\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u73ed\u5b50\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e3b\u4efb\u3001\u526f\u4e3b\u4efb\u3001\u8d1f\u8d23\u7269\u8d44\u4f9b\u5e94\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u884c\u653f\u52a9\u7406\u548c\u79d8\u4e66\u7b49\u3002\u4ece\u4e8b\u798f\u5229\u3001\u533b\u7597\u548c\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5e38\u9a7b\u4e0a\u6d77\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u5458\u5de5\u4e2d\u4f18\u5148\u8c03\u914d\u6307\u6d3e\u7ed9\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u9879\u76ee\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f3a\u5316\u5404\u673a\u6784\u7684\u8054\u52a8\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5728\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u8fdc\u4e1c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b63\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5e73\u53f0\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8054\u603b\u8fd8\u5021\u8bae\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e86\u7531\u8054\u603b\u3001\u884c\u603b\u3001\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u3001\u96be\u6c11\u95ee\u9898\u653f\u5e9c\u95f4\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u8054\u5e2d\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7fa4\u4f53\u5546\u8ba8\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u53c2\u4f1a\u4eba\u5458\u5305\u62ec\u8054\u603b\u4e0a\u6d77\u529e\u798f\u5229\u90e8\u5b98\u5458\u666e\u83b1\u65af\uff08Gerard F. Price\uff09\u3001\u884c\u603b\u4e0a\u6d77\u5206\u7f72\u4e3b\u4efb\u5218\u9e3f\u5347\u3001\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u4e0a\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u897f\u683c\u5c14(Manuel Siegel)\u548c\u96be\u6c11\u95ee\u9898\u653f\u5e9c\u95f4\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4ee3\u8868\u8d1d\u514b\u5c14\u66fc(Moe Beckelman)\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u9063\u8fd4\u7269\u8d44\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8054\u603b\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u6bd4\u8f83\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u5b63\u8282\u548c\u9063\u8fd4\u4eba\u5458\u6240\u643a\u5e26\u7684\u8863\u7269\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u53d1\u653e\u4e00\u4e24\u5f20\u6bef\u5b50\u3002\u53d1\u653e\u7269\u8d44\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u89c6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u5b9a\uff1a1.\u88ab\u9063\u8fd4\u4eba\u5458\u79bb\u6caa\u65f6\u643a\u5e26\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u8d22\u4ea7\uff1b2.\u643a\u5e26\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u8863\u7269\u548c\u6bef\u5b50\uff1b3.\u9063\u8fd4\u76ee\u7684\u56fd\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6551\u63f4\u7269\u8d44\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u4ef7\u683c\u83b7\u5f97\uff1b4.\u88ab\u9063\u8fd4\u4eba\u62b5\u8fbe\u65f6\u7684\u5b63\u8282\uff1b5.\u62b5\u8fbe\u540e\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8863\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5230\u4e861947\u5e74\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u4e86\u660e\u663e\u7684\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u56e0\u9063\u8fd4\u7ecf\u8d39\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u3001\u9063\u8fd4\u56fd\u5165\u5883\u8bb8\u53ef\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u9063\u8fd4\u8239\u53ea\u4ece\u519b\u7528\u8239\u53ea\u8c03\u6574\u4e3a\u6c11\u7528\uff0c\u4e14\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u56fd\u7c4d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\uff0c\u9063\u8fd4\u6761\u4ef6\u76f8\u5bf9\u6210\u719f\u4e86\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c1947\u5e741\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u4ece\u4e0a\u6d77\u9063\u8fd4\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c950\u591a\u540d\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u6e05\u6668\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u5916\u6ee9\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u7801\u5934\uff0c\u4e58\u5750\u8054\u603b\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u9ea6\u4ee4\u798f\u5c14\u67ef\u53f7\uff08Marine Falcon\uff09\u79bb\u5f00\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u9063\u8fd4\u8239\u53ea\u822a\u7ecf\u82cf\u4f0a\u58eb\u8fd0\u6cb3\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u62b5\u8fbe\u610f\u5927\u5229\u90a3\u4e0d\u52d2\u65af\u3002\u6b64\u6b21\u5171\u6709\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11952\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5965\u7c4d759\u4eba\uff0c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7c4d191\u4eba\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u7c4d2\u4eba\u3002\u4ec51947\u5e741\u6708\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u9063\u9001\u4e861 800\u591a\u540d\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u30027\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u8054\u603b\u8d1f\u8d23\u9063\u8fd4\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u4e00\u6279\u7ea6700\u540d\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u79bb\u6caa\u3002\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u51e0\u65b9\u5171\u540c\u52bf\u529b\uff0c\u622a\u81f3\u8054\u603b\u7ed3\u675f\u4e1a\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u79bb\u6caa\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u5171\u7ea64 000\u4eba\uff0c\u5c1a\u4f591.2\u4e07\u4eba\u7559\u6caa\u5f85\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8054\u603b\u52a0\u7d27\u9063\u8fd4\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u4e5f\u5728\u52a0\u5feb\u63a8\u8fdb\u6218\u540e\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u9063\u8fd4\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u627f\u62c5\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u534f\u8c03\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u6caa\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\u548c\u96be\u6c11\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u534f\u52a9\u96be\u6c11\u95ee\u9898\u653f\u5e9c\u95f4\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u7f6e\u4e8b\u5b9c\u30021946\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u521a\u521a\u62b5\u8fbe\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u65b0\u4efb\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u5408\u5206\u914d\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u8fdc\u4e1c\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u67e5\u5c14\u65af\u00b7\u4e54\u4e39\uff08Charles H. Jordan\uff09\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u673a\u6784\u2014\u2014\u79fb\u6c11\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u767b\u8bb0\u3001\u5ba1\u67e5\u7533\u8bf7\u8005\u8d44\u683c\uff0c\u5ba1\u6838\u7533\u8bf7\u8005\u6216\u5176\u4eb2\u53cb\u652f\u4ed8\u51fa\u884c\u8d39\u7528\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u9063\u8fd4\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u7f6e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u8054\u603b\u3001\u96be\u6c11\u95ee\u9898\u653f\u5e9c\u95f4\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u548c\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\u534f\u8c03\u5904\u7406\u9063\u8fd4\u548c\u5b89\u7f6e\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9c\u3002\u8054\u603b\u96be\u6c11\u90e8\u4e5f\u4f1a\u540c\u6b65\u5c06\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u79bb\u6caa\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u53ca\u65f6\u6284\u9001\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u79fb\u6c11\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u79fb\u6c11\u6551\u52a9\u534f\u4f1a(the Hebrew Immigration Aid Society\uff0cHIAS)\u5219\u8d1f\u8d23\u8054\u7edc\u96be\u6c11\u5bb6\u5c5e\uff0c\u8be5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5458\u5de5\u5728\u8679\u53e3\u5730\u533a\u7684\u7ad9\u53f0\u548c\u5496\u5561\u5e97\u7684\u5899\u4e0a\u5f20\u8d34\u96be\u6c11\u6b27\u6d32\u5e78\u5b58\u8005\u7684\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f9b\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u77e5\u6653\u4eb2\u5c5e\u4eec\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e2e\u5fd9\u8054\u7cfb\u96be\u6c11\u4eec\u7684\u6d77\u5916\u4eb2\u5c5e\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7b79\u96c6\u8d44\u91d1\u8d44\u52a9\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u30021946\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7b79\u96c6\u5230\u4e8611.9\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u8d44\u52a9\u7ed9\u4e862 534\u540d\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e9\u57281946\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ea62 700\u540d\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u88ab\u5b89\u6392\u524d\u5f80\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b49\u5730\u30021949\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u96be\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d77\u8def\u548c\u98de\u673a\u5c06\u7ea61 000\u540d\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u8fd0\u5f80\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u5357\u7f8e\u8bf8\u56fd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7ea6724\u540d\u62b5\u8fbe\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53c8\u5408\u4f5c\u5c065 300\u540d\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u79fb\u5f80\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u30021950\u5e74\u79cb\uff0c\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u96be\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u518d\u6b21\u91c7\u53d6\u8054\u5408\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5c061 085\u540d\u6b27\u6d32\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u79fb\u51fa\u4e2d\u56fd\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u7f6e\u3002\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u6218\u540e\u6ede\u7559\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u7ea615 000\u540d\u6b27\u6d32\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u53ea\u5269275\u4eba\u8fd8\u6ca1\u79fb\u6c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5173\u4e8e\u79bb\u6caa\u6b27\u6d32\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u53bb\u5411\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3001\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u3001\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u56db\u56fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u53bb\u4e86\u5357\u975e\u548c\u62c9\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f88\u5c11\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u6b27\u6d32\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u96be\u6c11\u4eec\u9996\u9009\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u51b3\u5b9a\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u65e0\u5bb6\u53ef\u5f52\u548c\u53d7\u8feb\u5bb3\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5f00\u653e\u56fd\u95e8\uff0c\u79fb\u6c11\u5230\u65b0\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u9014\u5f84\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5927\u591a\u6570\u96be\u6c11\u8fd8\u662f\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u7b7e\u8bc1\u30021949\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u8d85\u8fc72 000\u540d\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u62d2\u7edd\u83b7\u5f97\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7b7e\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u79fb\u6c11\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u6216\u8005\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u3002\u201d\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08Council of European Refugee Organization\uff09\u4e3b\u5e2d\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u96f7\u8fea\u5947\uff08Karl Redisch\uff09\u5c31\u660e\u786e\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u201c\u4e0a\u6d77\u53ea\u662f\u524d\u5f80\u7f8e\u56fd\u9014\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4e0e\u5bb6\u4eba\u56e2\u805a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u636e\u53ef\u67e5\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4e00\u6279\u79bb\u6caa\u8fd4\u5fb7\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u662f1947\u5e748\u670821\u65e5\u62b5\u8fbe\u67cf\u6797\u7684295\u540d\u5de6\u7ffc\u4eba\u58eb\u53ca\u5176\u5bb6\u5c5e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5730\u4e0b\u53cd\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7684\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5728\u4e1c\u5fb7\u8eab\u5c45\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7684\u5c97\u7279\u00b7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\uff08Gunter Nobel\uff09\u548c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5fb7\u56fd\u9996\u4efb\u9a7b\u534e\u5927\u4f7f\u6c49\u65af\u00b7\u67ef\u5c3c\u5e0c\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u8fd8\u627f\u8ba4\u67ef\u5c3c\u5e0c\u7b49\u4eba\u4e3a\u82cf\u8054\u5854\u65af\u793e\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u515a\u9f84\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u79fb\u5c45\u7f8e\u3001\u52a0\u3001\u6fb3\u3001\u4ee5\u7b49\u56fd\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u5e74\u8fc8\u65f6\u53c8\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u5fb7\u3001\u5965\u7b49\u6b27\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u91cc\u6bd5\u7adf\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u201c\u6545\u4e61\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ed3 \u8bed<\/p>\n

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