{"id":37107,"date":"2024-05-04T09:32:45","date_gmt":"2024-05-04T01:32:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=37107"},"modified":"2024-05-04T09:32:45","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T01:32:45","slug":"%e5%8d%83%e4%ba%ba%e9%aa%91%e5%85%b5%e9%98%9f%e8%a2%ab%e7%81%ad%e5%8f%a3%ef%bc%8c%e4%be%9d%e9%9d%a0%e6%af%8d%e9%aa%86%e9%a9%bc%e7%a1%ae%e5%ae%9a%e4%bd%8d%e7%bd%ae%ef%bc%8c%e6%88%90%e5%90%89%e6%80%9d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=37107","title":{"rendered":"\u5343\u4eba\u9a91\u5175\u961f\u88ab\u706d\u53e3\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u6bcd\u9a86\u9a7c\u786e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u9675\u4e3a\u4f55\u5982\u6b64\u795e\u79d8"},"content":{"rendered":"<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\u4f5c\u8005\uff5c\u7f57\u6865\u7840 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src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/cd92eabf4b837ee5\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u4e8c\u3001\u5f81\u6218\u6b27\u4e9a 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src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/8f7c4531ca36bf01\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u770b\u770b\u300a\u51fa\u4f7f\u8499\u53e4\u8bb0\u300b\u91cc\u4e0e\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u5893\u846c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u53d9\u8ff0\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u666e\u5170\u8bfa\u00b7\u52a0\u5bbe\u5c3c(John of Plano Carpini)\u662f\u610f\u5927\u5229\u4e00\u540d\u4e3b\u6559\uff0c\u5f53\u5e74\u53d7\u7f57\u9a6c\u6559\u7687\u7684\u6d3e\u9063\uff0c\u7387\u56e2\u51fa\u4f7f\u8499\u53e4\u5e1d\u56fd\u3002\u4e8e1246\u5e74\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u4e4b\u5b59\u8d35\u7531\u767b\u57fa\u8499\u53e4\u5927\u6c57\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8d35\u7531\u5e10\u8425\u5c45\u4f4f\u4e86\u56db\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u5bf9\u8499\u53e4\u793e\u4f1a\u4f5c\u4e86\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u8ddd\u79bb\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u53bb\u4e16\u624d\u5341\u4e5d\u5e74\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u7ed9\u6559\u7687\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u91cc\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8499\u53e4\u5e1d\u56fd\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4efd\u62a5\u544a\u5373\u540e\u6765\u9762\u4e16\u7684\u300a\u51fa\u4f7f\u8499\u53e4\u8bb0\u300b\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u52a0\u5bbe\u5c3c\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u8bb0\u53d9\u7684\uff1a\u8499\u53e4\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4efb\u5927\u6c57\u8d35\u7531\u662f\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u7684\u5b59\u5b50\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u4e00\u5ea7\u5e10\u7bf7\u91cc\u63a5\u89c1\u4e86\u6559\u7687\u4f7f\u56e2\u3002\u8fd9\u5ea7\u5e10\u7bf7\u7528\u7ea2\u5929\u9e45\u7ed2\u642d\u6210\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u94fa\u8bbe\u7740\u534e\u4e3d\u7684\u9526\u7f0e\uff0c\u5e10\u7bf7\u91cc\u6709\u6570\u4e0d\u6e05\u7684\u91d1\u94f6\u8d22\u5b9d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8c61\u7259\u3001\u9ec4\u91d1\u3001\u5b9d\u77f3\u548c\u73cd\u73e0\u3002\u5728\u79bb\u5e10\u7bf7\u76f8\u5f53\u8fdc\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5c71\u4e0a\uff0c\u505c\u7740500\u591a\u8f86\u8f66\u5b50\uff0c\u8f66\u91cc\u4e5f\u88c5\u6ee1\u4e86\u91d1\u94f6\u73e0\u5b9d\u548c\u7ef8\u7f0e\u8863\u7269\u7b49\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u52a0\u5bbe\u5c3c\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u8ba9\u4e16\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u7684\u5893\u846c\u4e60\u4fd7\uff1a<\/section>\n<section>\u6309\u7167\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e60\u4fd7\uff0c\u4eba\u6b7b\u540e\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u5b9e\u884c\u5929\u846c\uff1b\u53ea\u6709\u5587\u561b\u3001\u9ad8\u50e7\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5730\u4f4d\u5d07\u9ad8\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u6709\u8d44\u683c\u706b\u846c\u3002\u800c\u8499\u53e4\u5927\u6c57\u706b\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u76db\u884c\u201c\u79d8\u846c\u201d\uff0c\u9aa8\u7070\u4f1a\u88ab\u5e26\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u795e\u79d8\u5730\u70b9\u4e0b\u846c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u628a\u91d1\u94f6\u8d22\u5b9d\u548c\u6b7b\u8005\u4e58\u5750\u7684\u8f66\u3001\u9a6c\u3001\u5e10\u7bf7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u4e00\u8d77\u968f\u846c\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u5893\u5751\u586b\u5e73\u3002\u51fa\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5893\u7a74\u6398\u5f97\u5f88\u6df1\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u76d7\u5893\uff0c\u5e1d\u738b\u9675\u5893\u4e0d\u5c01\u4e18\uff0c\u9675\u5893\u7684\u5730\u9762\u4e0d\u4f5c\u4efb\u4f55\u6807\u8bb0\u3002\u4f1a\u6d3e\u4e0a\u5343\u4eba\u7684\u9a91\u5175\u961f\u5728\u5893\u5730\u4e00\u5e26\u53cd\u590d\u8e29\u8e0f\uff0c\u78be\u538b\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u5893\u5730\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u8349\u79cd\u8986\u76d6\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u58eb\u5175\u968f\u5373\u4fbf\u906d\u5230\u8bdb\u6740\u706d\u53e3\u3002\u5230\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e74\u6625\u5929\uff0c\u8302\u76db\u7684\u7267\u8349\u751f\u957f\u51fa\u6765\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u832b\u832b\u8349\u539f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u5893\u5730\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u540e\u6765\u7684\u5927\u6c57\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u796d\u62dc\u5148\u738b\u7684\u5730\u70b9\uff0c\u5f53\u9675\u5893\u5b8c\u5de5\u540e\u4f1a\u7275\u4e00\u5bf9\u9a86\u9a7c\u6bcd\u5b50\uff0c\u5f53\u7740\u6bcd\u9a86\u9a7c\u7684\u9762\u6740\u6b7b\u5c0f\u9a86\u9a7c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u8840\u6d12\u5728\u9675\u5893\u5904\u3002\u6bcd\u5b50\u8fde\u5fc3\uff0c\u611f\u60c5\u81f3\u6df1\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e74\u5e26\u7740\u6bcd\u9a86\u9a7c\u6765\u5bfb\u627e\uff0c\u82e5\u89c1\u5230\u6bcd\u9a86\u9a7c\u4e45\u4e45\u5f98\u5f8a\u60b2\u9e23\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u627e\u5230\u5148\u738b\u7684\u9675\u5893\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fdb\u884c\u796d\u62dc\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/a82ae33ee7d9d969\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u79d8\u846c\u201d\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5143\u671d\u7684\u5341\u4e2a\u7687\u5e1d\u9675\u5893\uff0c\u4e16\u4eba\u81f3\u4eca\u8fde\u4e00\u4e2a\u9675\u5893\u7684\u6240\u5728\u5730\u90fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u8fde\u5143\u671d\u738b\u516c\u8d35\u65cf\u7684\u57cb\u846c\u5730\u4e5f\u9c9c\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u66f4\u4f55\u51b5\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u7684\u9675\u5893\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u56db\u3001\u5343\u53e4\u79d8\u8f9b\u00a0\u00a0\u63a2\u5bfb\u4e0d\u606f<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e0b\u846c\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u7684 \u201c\u8d77\u8f87\u8c37\u201d\u7a76\u7adf\u5728\u4f55\u5904\u5462\uff1f<\/section>\n<section>\u636e\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b66\u8005\u7814\u7a76\u201c\u8d77\u8f87\u8c37\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u662f\u8499\u53e4\u8bed\u201c\u53e4\u8fde\u52d2\u53e4\u201d\u7684\u96c5\u8bd1\u3002\u8499\u53e4\u4e1c\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u5927\u80af\u7279\u5c71\u8109\uff0c\u6d77\u62d4\u4e24\u5343\u516c\u5c3a\uff0c\u81ea\u4e1c\u5317\u5230\u897f\u5357\u5ef6\u7ef5250\u516c\u91cc\u3002\u800c\u5b83\u7684\u5357\u7f18\u4fbf\u662f\u53e4\u8fde\u52d2\u53e4\uff0c\u5176\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5927\u7ea6\u5728\u4e1c\u7ecf108.7\u5ea6\uff0c\u5317\u7eac48.5\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u4eca\u8499\u53e4\u56fd\u80af\u7279\u7701\u5185\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8499\u53e4\u9996\u90fd\u4e4c\u5170\u5df4\u6258\u4e1c\u9762\u7684\u5927\u80af\u7279\u5c71\u8109\u4e00\u5e26\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5143\u53f2\u91cc\u8bb0\u8f7d\u7684\u8d77\u8f87\u8c37\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u8499\u53e4\u80af\u7279\u7701\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u4e00\u5904\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u5927\u7981\u5fcc\u201d\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u65b9\u5706240\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u5c71\u8109\u88ab\u8349\u3001\u6811\u548c\u704c\u6728\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u8499\u53e4\u653f\u5e9c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7981\u5730\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u72e9\u730e\u3001\u4f10\u6728\u3001\u94fa\u77f3\u3001\u65c5\u884c\u3001\u5efa\u9020\u5bfa\u5e99\u3001\u4fee\u5efa\u9053\u8def\u548c\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4eba\u8fdb\u5165\uff0c\u64c5\u95ef\u8005\u5c06\u88ab\u5904\u4ee5\u6b7b\u5211\u3002\u800c\u8499\u53e4\u6c11\u95f4\u5219\u4f20\u8bf4\uff0c\u6316\u6398\u571f\u5730\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u574f\u8fd0\u6c14\uff0c\u800c\u89e6\u52a8\u7956\u5148\u7684\u575f\u5893\u4f1a\u6bc1\u706d\u4ed6\u7684\u7075\u9b42\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fdb\u5165\u6b64\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u4f1a\u906d\u62a5\u5e94\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/i03piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/3315a465722851d0\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e5d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u8499\u53e4\u653f\u5e9c\u89e3\u9664\u4e86\u7981\u4ee4\uff0c\u5c06\u5927\u80af\u7279\u5c71\u8109\u5730\u533a\u5f00\u653e\u7ed9\u516c\u4f17\uff0c\u5f15\u6765\u4e86\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u63a2\u9669\u961f\u60f3\u8981\u627e\u5230\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u9675\u5893\u3002\u9996\u90fd\u4e4c\u5170\u5df4\u6258\u4ee5\u4e1c240\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u80af\u7279\u7701\u5fb7\u5c14\u683c\u6c57\u6751\u8349\u539f\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8499\u53e4\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9996\u90fd\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u8499\u53e4\u7ec4\u6210\u8054\u5408\u8003\u53e4\u961f\uff08\u6838\u5fc3\u6210\u5458\u6765\u81ea\u65e5\u672c\u5341\u6240\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\uff09\u5728\u8fd9\u7247\u5730\u533a\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u76f4\u5347\u673a\u3001\u78c1\u529b\u8ba1\u548c\u536b\u661f\u56fe\u50cf\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e09\u5e74\u7684\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4e8e2004 \u5e74 10 \u6708 6 \u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u65b9\u5f62\u5e10\u7bf7\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u7684\u5bab\u6bbf\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4ecd\u7136\u672a\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u9675\u5bdd\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u9057\u5740\u4fdd\u62a4\u533a\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u963f\u592b\u62c9\u52a0\uff08Avraga\uff09\u8003\u53e4\u9057\u5740\u3002\u5728\u4fdd\u62a4\u533a\u573a\u5730\u5468\u56f4\u5efa\u9020\u4e861200m\u00d7500m\u7684\u94a2\u6805\u680f\uff0c\u9057\u5740\u9644\u8fd1\u8fd8\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u5ea7\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9986\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i03piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/d608facdb1bb4f4d\" \/><\/p>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u83ab\u91cc\u00b7\u514b\u62c9\u7ef4\u8328 (Maury Kravitz 1932-2012)\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u5f8b\u5e08\u517c\u9ec4\u91d1\u4ea4\u6613\u5546\uff0c\u4ece\u5e74\u8f7b\u65f6\u5019\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ed6\u4fbf\u75f4\u8ff7\u4e8e\u5bfb\u627e\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u9675\u5893\u3002\u4ed6\u4e8e2000\u5e74\u4e0e\u8499\u53e4\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u7b7e\u8ba2\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u4e3a\u671f\u4e94\u5e74\u7684\u5408\u540c\uff0c\u5408\u540c\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u63a2\u9669\u961f\u627e\u5230\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u8499\u53e4\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8d22\u4ea7\u3002\u4ed6\u7b79\u63aa\u8d44\u91d1\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u652f53\u4eba\u7684\u63a2\u9669\u961f\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u7eaa\u5f55\u7247\u5236\u7247\u4eba\u540c\u884c\uff0c\u8fd8\u670920 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Albert Yu-Min Lin)\u7387\u9886\u7684\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u201c\u5bf9\u8d85\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u5730\u7403\u4f20\u611f\u536b\u661f\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u5f02\u5e38\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8c03\u67e5\u201d\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684 28,000 \u591a\u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u536b\u661f\u56fe\u50cf\u6280\u672f\u5bfb\u627e\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u9675\u5893\uff1b\u53c8\u4f20\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u5bb6\u76ae\u57c3\u5c14-\u4ea8\u5229\u00b7\u5409\u65af\u5361\u5c14\uff08Pierre-Henri Giscard 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