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\u4e24\u5e7f\u603b\u7763\u4efb\u4e0a\uff0c\u5176\u201c\u8be6\u52a0\u7b79\u5ea6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u81ea\u884c\u8bbe\u5382\u3001\u8d2d\u7f6e\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u6d0b\u6cd5\u7cbe\u70bc\uff0c\u59cb\u8db3\u5ea6\u5916\u94c1\u4e4b\u6765\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u5176\u70bc\u94c1\u5fa1\u5916\u81ea\u5f3a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u800c\u5176\u540e\u51e4\u51f0\u5c97\u94c1\u5382\u7684\u521b\u529e\uff0c\u5219\u4ee5\u5176\u672c\u4eba\u751f\u52a8\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6b32\u201c\u7aed\u5176\u6bdb\u53d1\u4e4b\u529b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e00\u7bd1\u969c\u6cb3\u4e4b\u60f3\u201d\u7684\u6d0b\u52a1\u6d3e\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u70bc\u94a2\u70bc\u94c1\u4ee5\u201c\u5835\u585e\u6f0f\u536e\uff0c\u633d\u56de\u5229\u6743\u201d\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u65f6\u6d25\u6cbd\u94c1\u8def\u5efa\u6210\u901a\u8f66\uff0c\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u5c31\u52bf\u63a5\u505a\u201d\u6d25\u901a\u94c1\u8def\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u906d\u671d\u4e2d\u591a\u4f4d\u5927\u81e3\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u800c\u540c\u4ecd\u5728\u8bb2\u201c\u751f\u4e8b\u201d\u201c\u6270\u6c11\u201d\u201c\u9761\u8d39\u201d\u201c\u8d44\u654c\u201d\u4e4b\u7c7b\u9648\u8bcd\u6ee5\u8c03\u7684\u671d\u81e3\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u6bc5\u7136\u6367\u51fa\u4e00\u7eb8\u6539\u4fee\u5362\u6c49\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5362\u6c49\u94c1\u8def\u5b9e\u4e43\u201c\u5341\u8def\u4e4b\u67a2\u7ebd\uff0c\u679d\u8def\u4e4b\u59cb\u57fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5229\u5927\u8403\u4e5f\u3002\u201d[7]\u6240\u8c13\u5362\u6c49\u94c1\u8def\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u5317\u4eac\u57ce\u5916\u5362\u6c9f\u6865\u7ecf\u76f4\u96b6\u3001\u6cb3\u5357\u81f3\u4e8e\u6c49\u53e3\u7684\u5357\u5317\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u540e\u6765\u4eac\u6c49\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u524d\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7684\u594f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u6211\u540e\u4e16\u5b50\u6c11\u8d3b\u6cfd\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u901a\u4e1a\u3001\u77ff\u4e1a\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u4ea7\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u662f\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u540e\u6765\u5362\u6c49\u94c1\u8def\u901a\u8f66\u65f6\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u6b23\u559c\u5730\u5728\u9ec4\u9e64\u697c\u4e0a\u7559\u4e0b\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u5e45\u6979\u8054\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u6614\u8d24\u6574\u987f\u4e7e\u5764\uff0c\u7f14\u9020\u65e0\u4ece\u6c5f\u6c49\u8d77\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u65e5\u4ea4\u901a\u6587\u8f68\uff0c\u767b\u4e34\u4e0d\u89c9\u4e9a\u6b27\u9065\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u800c\u4e3a\u914d\u5408\u5362\u6c49\u94c1\u8def\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u94fa\u8bbe\u94a2\u8f68\u6240\u9700\u7684\u94a2\u94c1\u6210\u4e3a\u6025\u9700\u54c1\u3002\u800c\u5f53\u65f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u4ea7\u571f\u94c1\u3001\u571f\u94a2\u8fdc\u672a\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u3002[8]\u6d0b\u52a1\u5927\u81e3\u4eec\u53c8\u4e0d\u6b32\u4ef0\u8d56\u5916\u56fd\uff0c\u5174\u529e\u94c1\u5382\u5b9e\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u52a1\u4e4b\u6025\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u4fc4\u4fee\u94c1\u8def\u786e\u5728\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u94c1\u8def\u6fd2\u9ed1\u9f99\u6c5f\u81f3\u4e8e\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\u7ebf\uff0c\u89ca\u89ce\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u610f\u56fe\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u5173\u4e1c\u94c1\u8def\u4fee\u5efa\u786e\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u674e\u6c0f\u5bf9\u77ff\u4e1a\u5e76\u975e\u4e0d\u70ed\u5fc3\uff0c\u5176\u4e8e19\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u5373\u4e0b\u4ee4\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u201c\u62db\u5546\u5f00\u91c7\u201d\u5927\u51b6\u94c1\u77ff\u3002\u4e14\u5176\u540e\u5728\u6c49\u9633\u94c1\u5382\u7b79\u5efa\u65f6\u5373\u679c\u65ad\u7535\u544a\u5f20\u6c0f\u201c\u5c0a\u8bba\u56db\u5b9c\uff0c\u53ea\u53ef\u5982\u6b64\u7b79\u5212\u201d\u201c\u7ca4\u65e2\u8d2d\u673a\u7089\uff0c\u96c7\u77ff\u5e08\uff0c\u4f3c\u5b9c\u5728\u5927\u51b6\u5f00\u529e\u201d\uff1b[12]<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e09\uff0c\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e0e\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u610f\u89c1\u76f8\u5de6\u5904\u591a\u5728\u9009\u5740\u4e00\u4e8b\uff0c\u674e\u6c0f\u4ee5\u5927\u51b6\u4e3a\u5b9c\uff0c\u5f20\u6c0f\u5021\u5efa\u6c49\u9633\uff0c\u5b9e\u5176\u4e89\u7aef\u4e4b\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u5904\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e0d\u80fd\u65ad\u7136\u63a8\u51fa\u674e\u5fcc\u5f20\u4e00\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u6539\u5efa\u867d\u672a\u7ed9\u6c49\u9633\u94c1\u5382\u7684\u7b79\u5efa\u5e26\u6765\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u6253\u51fb\uff0c\u5374\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u80cc\u8d1f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u540e\u6765\u5f90\u81f4\u7965\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u786e\u5b9e\u201c\u529b\u5c0f\u800c\u4efb\u91cd\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u5f3a\u5f31\u8f6c\u673a\u201d[13]\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6311\u6218\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u9876\u8d77\u91cd\u91cd\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u6539\u53d8\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5386\u53f2\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6c49\u9633\u94c1\u5382\u7684\u7b79\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5b98\u7763\u5b98\u529e\u7684\u4e24\u5e74<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5c65\u65b0\u7684\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u867d\u66fe\u6709\u5728\u4e24\u5e7f\u603b\u7763\u4efb\u4e0a\u529e\u51e4\u51f0\u5c97\u94c1\u5382\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8f83\u4e4b\u201c\u6709\u624d\u601d\u3001\u6709\u9b44\u529b\u3001\u6df1\u901a\u897f\u6cd5\u5546\u52a1\u201d\uff08\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u8bed\uff09\u7684\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u7763\u529e\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5c31\u72b9\u6709\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8e\u662f11\u6708\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u5728\u8d74\u9102\u9014\u4e2d\uff0c\u7279\u8d74\u4e0a\u6d77\u201c\u4e0e\u9053\u5458\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u8be6\u7b79\u7164\u94c1\u4e4b\u4e8b\u201d\u3002\u4e24\u4f4d\u94a2\u94c1\u5de8\u5b50\u6664\u9762\u8fbe\u6210\u7684\u6210\u679c\u7531\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a\u201c\u8d23\u6210\u3001\u62e9\u5730\uff0c\u7b79\u672c\u3001\u50a8\u6599\u201d[14]\u56db\u5927\u7aef\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u6210\u4e3a\u65e5\u540e\u76db\u6c0f\u7ecf\u8425\u6c49\u9633\u94c1\u5382\u7684\u6cbb\u5382\u7eb2\u9886\u3002[15]<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f1a\u9762\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f20\u3001\u76db\u4e8c\u4eba\u5374\u5728\u94c1\u5382\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u5236\u4e0a\u672a\u80fd\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u5c06\u5bf9\u65e5\u540e\u94c1\u5382\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4ea7\u751f\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e70\u529e\u51fa\u8eab\u7684\u5546\u4eba\u548c\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u4e3b\u5f20\u201c\u62db\u96c6\u5546\u80a1\u201d\u201c\u5546\u80a1\u7cfb\u6b63\u672c\u201d[16]\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u5176\u5148\u524d\u5728\u5b98\u7763\u5546\u529e\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u6210\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u8c13\u4e0d\u7a81\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e14\u6b64\u524d\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u5728\u5e7f\u6d4e\u548c\u5927\u51b6\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4ea6\u8db3\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u4e8e\u77ff\u4e1a\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u800c\u5176\u540e\u6309\u6258\u62c9\u65af\u4f53\u5236\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u6c49\u51b6\u840d\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6210\u529f\u4e5f\u8db3\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u5148\u89c1\u3002\u800c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u5374\u53e6\u6709\u8003\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u662f\u521b\u7acb\u94c1\u5382\u4e4b\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u53ca\u6765\u81ea\u5955\u8b5e\u3001\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u7b49\u4eba\u6216\u6b63\u9762\u6216\u8d1f\u9762\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u538b\u529b\u4f7f\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u614e\u91cd\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u5bf9\u5546\u529e\u7684\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u5546\u80a1\u6050\u4e0d\u53ef\u6043\uff0c\u4e14\u591a\u7ea0\u845b\uff0c\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u60c5\u5f62\u4ea6\u4e0d\u5408\u3002\u201d[17]\u8fd9\u662f\u6781\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4e3a\u653f\u8005\u7684\u987e\u8651\uff0c\u4ece\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fa7\u9762\u4e5f\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u8f83\u4e4b\u674e\u3001\u76db\u7b49\u719f\u8c19\u6d0b\u52a1\u7684\u5b98\u5458\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u5236\u53ca\u5e02\u573a\u673a\u5236\u7b49\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u65b9\u9762\u5c1a\u6709\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u4ece\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u5bf9\u94c1\u5382\u5185\u90e8\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u7591\u8651\u3002\u5728\u540e\u6765\u9009\u5740\u65b9\u9762\u4ed6\u66fe\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u53c2\u914c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u60c5\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u60c5\u201d\u5219\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u61d2\u60f0\u4e0e\u53d6\u5de7\u3002\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u5b98\u672c\u5b98\u529e\u540c\u4e34\u8fd1\u7701\u57ce\u7684\u9009\u5740\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\u662f\u914d\u5957\u7684\uff0c\u5747\u4e3a\u4fbf\u4e8e\u76d1\u7ba1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u5bf9\u5546\u529e\u63d0\u9ad8\u5458\u5de5\u79ef\u6781\u6027\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4e0d\u5927\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4ed6\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u6765\u81ea\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u76d1\u7ba1\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u201c\u4e00\u7bd1\u969c\u6cb3\u4e4b\u60f3\u201d\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\u5b98\u529e\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\u5df2\u65e5\u76ca\u663e\u9732\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u7684\u575a\u6301\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u6b9a\u7cbe\u7aed\u8651\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6539\u53d8\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u60c5\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4e3a\u4eca\u540e\u6c49\u9633\u94c1\u5382\u7684\u8270\u96be\u5904\u5883\u57cb\u4e0b\u4e86\u4f0f\u7b14\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u4e0e\u5176\u6b64\u65f6\u91cd\u5de5\u8f7b\u5546\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e5f\u6709\u6781\u5927\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u56fa\u7136\u61c2\u5f97\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u4e4b\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4ed6\u6b64\u65f6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5546\u4e1a\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u5374\u5e76\u4e0d\u5ba2\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5c31\u5916\u6d0b\u5bcc\u5f3a\u4e4b\u672f\u7edf\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5219\u767e\u5de5\u4e4b\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u673a\u5668\u3001\u5f00\u91c7\u3001\u5236\u9020\u4e3a\u672c\uff0c\u5546\u8d3e\u884c\u9500\u4e3a\u672b\u3002\u201d\u800c\u5f20\u6c0f\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u76f4\u5230\u94c1\u5382\u7ecf\u8425\u4e0d\u5584\u53ca\u7532\u5348\u5931\u5229\u540e\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u5728\u5149\u7eea\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u5e74\uff081898\uff09\u540e\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u8bbe\u7acb\u7684\u6c49\u53e3\u5546\u52a1\u603b\u5c40\u3001\u603b\u4f1a\u3001\u5546\u52a1\u5b66\u5802\u3001\u4e24\u6e56\u529d\u4e1a\u573a\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u900f\u9732\u51fa\u5176\u5bf9\u5148\u524d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u4ed6\u8bf4\u201c\u5546\u52a1\u4e43\u8fd1\u65e5\u4e4b\u8981\u8d25\u201d[18] \u201c\u770b\u4ee5\u540e\u65f6\u52bf\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c82\u80fd\u4ee5\u5175\u5b58\uff0c\u4ecd\u662f\u4ee5\u5546\u5b58\u8033\u201d\u3002[19]<\/p>\n

\u300a\u529d\u5b66\u7bc7\u300b\u4e2d\u66f4\u662f\u660e\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u519c\u5de5\u5546\u4e09\u4e8b\u4e92\u76f8\u8868\u91cc\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u94a9\u8d2f\u3002\u201d \u800c\u5149\u7eea\u4e09\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\uff081907\uff09\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u4efb\u6e56\u5e7f\u603b\u7763\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5e74\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bdd\uff1a\u201c\u5546\u52a1\u5b9e\u5bcc\u56fd\u4e4b\u57fa\uff0c\u6cf0\u897f\u4ee5\u5546\u7acb\u56fd\uff0c\u6709\u5546\u5b66\u4e4b\u8003\u5404\u7269\u5236\u6cd5\u3001\u5404\u8d27\u9500\u8def\u3001\u5404\u56fd\u55dc\u597d\u3001\u5404\u4e1a\u8870\u65fa\u2026\u2026\u5e7f\u8bbe\u516c\u53f8\u2026\u2026\u73b0\u6b32\u633d\u56de\u5229\u6743\uff0c\u4e9f\u5e94\u521b\u8bbe\u5546\u5b66\u5546\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ee5\u8d44\u542f\u53d1\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u60e8\u75db\u7684\u6559\u8bad\u4f7f\u5176\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u6b8b\u5b58\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u6291\u5546\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u94c1\u5382\u9762\u4e34\u56f0\u5883\u540e\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u987b\u7559\u610f\u5230\u6b64\u6bb5\u8bdd\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u633d\u56de\u5229\u6743\u201d\u56db\u5b57\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u529e\u94c1\u5382\u8fd8\u662f\u540e\u6765\u7684\u91cd\u5546\u4e1a\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u6839\u672c\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u5b98\u7763\u5b98\u529e\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u4e4b\u7eaf\u6d01\u6027\u5e94\u4e88\u4ee5\u9ad8\u5ea6\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9c\u8fc7\u5206\u82db\u8d23\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u94c1\u5382\u7b79\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5982\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u5728\u5149\u7eea\u5341\u516d\u5e74\uff081890\uff09\u6625\u8bbe\u7acb\u6e56\u5317\u94c1\u653f\u5c40\uff0c\u4e0b\u8bbe\u5175\u5de5\u5382\u548c\u94c1\u5382\uff0c\u201c\u4e0d\u5206\u755b\u57df\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u63d0\u643a\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u7ef4\u6301\u201d\uff0c\u901a\u6d0b\u52a1\u7684\u8521\u9521\u52c7\u4efb\u4e24\u5382\u603b\u529e\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u5bf9\u8521\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6781\u9ad8\uff0c\u8d5e\u5176\u201c\u5668\u7aef\u8bc6\u8fdc\uff0c\u5fc3\u7ec6\u624d\u957f\u201d\u3002[20]<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u94c1\u5382\u5374\u9762\u4e34\u8bf8\u591a\u53d7\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u7f3a\u8d22\u3001\u7f3a\u7164\u3001\u7f3a\u4eba\u3001\u5382\u5740\u7b49\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u751a\u81f3\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u5f15\u8d77\u5404\u9886\u57df\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\u4e89\u9e23\uff0c\u73b0\u7b80\u8ff0\u4e8e\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u662f\u7f3a\u8d22\u3002\u8fd9\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u94c1\u5382\u5174\u5efa\u4e0e\u4eca\u540e\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6700\u68d8\u624b\u3001\u5374\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b98\u529e\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u800c\u6237\u90e8\u62e8\u6b3e\u4ec5200\u4e07\u5143\uff0c\u8fdc\u96be\u6577\u94c1\u5382\u4e4b\u6240\u9700\u3002\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u56fa\u7136\u6709\u4e2a\u522b\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u963b\u6320\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u6e05\u5ef7\u56fd\u5e93\u7a7a\u865a\uff0c\u96be\u652f\u201c\u9761\u8d39\u201d\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e8e\u6b64\u4e2d\u5c55\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ca1\u6709\u8c01\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u5f00\u77ff\u4e4b\u5229\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5728\u5916\u6765\u8d44\u672c\u548c\u503a\u52a1\u7684\u75af\u72c2\u4fb5\u88ad\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e9\u5df2\u4e0d\u582a\uff0c\u73b0\u53c8\u5174\u529e\u94c1\u5382\uff0c\u867d\u660e\u77e5\u201c\u4e8b\u7aef\u751a\u7e41\uff0c\u6240\u8d39\u751a\u5de8\uff0c\u4e8c\u767e\u4e07\u65ad\u4e0d\u6577\u7528\u201d[21]\u7136\u800c\u201c\u5de8\u6b3e\u4ece\u4f55\u6307\u62e8\u201d[22] \uff1f<\/p>\n

\u539f\u672c\u4e3a\u201c\u5f00\u8f9f\u5229\u6e90\u201d\u7684\u5b9e\u4e1a\uff0c\u81f3\u6b64\u5374\u96be\u89c5\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u6d88\u8c08\u5916\u56fd\u964d\u4ef7\u503e\u9500\u7684\u4e89\u593a\u6324\u538b\u3002\u72ed\u5c0f\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u5185\u5fe7\u5916\u60a3\u7684\u503e\u8f67\uff0c\u5165\u4e0d\u6577\u51fa\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u53c8\u906d\u9047\u5916\u56fd\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u864e\u7708\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5883\u5730\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u8bb2\u662f\u5916\u56fd\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u63a0\u593a\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6545\u6b66\u6c49\u5927\u5b66\u4ee3\u9c81\u6559\u6388\u9c9c\u660e\u5730\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u94c1\u5382\u8870\u843d\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u65e0\u529b\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u800c\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u5219\u662f\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u63a0\u593a\u3002[23]<\/p>\n

\u7f3a\u8d22\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u8868\u73b0\u5219\u662f\u56e0\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u60c5\u201d\u800c\u81f4\u4f7f\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u8d2a\u6c61\u548c\u8d44\u91d1\u7684\u4f4e\u6548\u4f7f\u7528\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u672c\u5df2\u201c\u4e0d\u6577\u5c1a\u5de8\u201d\uff0c\u72b9\u6709\u8bf8\u591a\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u201c\u5c1a\u6050\u96be\u4fdd\u4e0d\u6ea2\u51fa\u521d\u4f30\u4e4b\u6570\u201d\u3002[24]<\/p>\n

\u636e\u300a\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u8bc4\u4f20\u300b\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u7b79\u96c6\u5230\u7684560\u4e07\u4e24\u94f6\u5b50\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7528\u5230\u5b9e\u5904\u7684\u4ec5\u6709\u7ea6200\u4e07\u4e24\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u6325\u970d\u4e0e\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u5bf9\u94c1\u5382\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u96ea\u4e0a\u52a0\u971c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u8eab\u4f53\u5b71\u5f31\u7684\u957f\u9aef\u8001\u8005\uff0c\u4ecd\u5455\u5fc3\u6ca5\u8840\u5730\u7b79\u96c6\u5230\u4e86\u5efa\u5382\u6240\u9700\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8d44\u91d1\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u6350\u6b3e\u3001\u62a5\u6548\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u70df\u94c1\u9e26\u7247\u7b49\u7684\u7a0e\u6536\uff08\u56e0\u800c\u540e\u4e16\u8ba4\u4e3a\u94c1\u5382\u4f24\u6c11\u4e4b\u8bba\u8005\u4e3a\u8c2c\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5219\u662f\u501f\u6b3e\u53ca\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u632a\u79fb\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5373\u201c\u81ea\u76f8\u6339\u6ce8\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u5c06\u6b66\u660c\u7eb1\u5382\u6240\u6536\u80a1\u7968\u94f6\u8c03\u62e8\u8865\u8d34\u94c1\u5382\u4e4b\u7528\uff0c\u5b9e\u5c5e\u65e0\u5948\u4e4b\u4e3e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u968f\u610f\u632a\u7528\u80a1\u672c\u8fdd\u80cc\u7ecf\u6d4e\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u7ed9\u65e5\u540e\u4e24\u5382\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u9020\u6210\u6781\u5927\u7684\u9690\u60a3\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5e38\u653e\u4e0b\u603b\u7763\u5c0a\u4e25\u5411\u5404\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u95e8\u501f\u6b3e\u7b79\u8d44\uff0c\u771f\u53ef\u8c13\u662f\u201c\u89c6\u9102\u4e8b\u5982\u5bb6\u4e8b\uff0c\u6615\u5915\u7ecf\u8425\u201d\u3002[25]<\/p>\n

\u7b14\u8005\u6709\u5e78\u5728\u6c49\u9633\u5175\u5de5\u5382\u65e7\u5740\u5076\u9047\u5f53\u5e74\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u5411\u7cae\u9053\u5e93\u501f\u6b3e\u7684\u7891\u523b\uff0c\u5179\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u501f\u62e8\u7cae\u9053\u5e93\u6b3e\u6d4e\u6c49\u9633\u5175\u5de5\u5382\uff08\u539f\u6e56\u5317\u67aa\u70ae\u5382\uff09\u7891\u6587\uff08\u6c49\u9633\u5175\u5de5\u5382\u9057\u5740\u524d\u6444\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u56f0\u6270\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u4fbf\u662f\u7f3a\u7164\u3002\u539f\u6599\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5927\u51b6\u94c1\u77ff\u5df2\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u6240\u9700\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u5728\u6c49\u9633\u94c1\u5382\u65e7\u5740\u5076\u89c1\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u540e\u6c49\u51b6\u840d\u516c\u53f8\u7ecf\u7406\u6240\u4e66\u65e7\u7891\u4e00\u5757\uff08\u5982\u56fe2-3\uff09\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u8a00\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u5e74\u63a2\u767e\u4e07\u5428\uff0c\u8ba1\u53ef\u7528\u6570\u767e\u5e74\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u867d\u6050\u6709\u5938\u5927\u4e4b\u5acc\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5f00\u91c7\u5341\u5e74\u540e\u5c1a\u6709\u5982\u6b64\u4e30\u539a\u94c1\u77ff\u4e14\u72ec\u79f0\u9053\u4e4b\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u8bf4\u660e\u5927\u51b6\u94c1\u77ff\u4e4b\u826f\u4e4b\u4e30\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u300a\u6377\u62a5\u300b\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u201c\u82f1\u56fd\u7164\u94c1\u6700\u5bcc\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6e56\u5317\u7701\u6240\u96c7\u7528\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u77ff\u5e08\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u94c1\u77ff\u6bd4\u82f1\u56fd\u4e3a\u5c24\u5bcc\u201d\u3002[26]\u4e14\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u5bf9\u94c1\u77ff\u8d28\u91cf\u4e25\u683c\u628a\u5173\uff0c\u6216\u6709\u542b\u78f7\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u77ff\u77f3\u5373\u8fc5\u901f\u9001\u81f3\u56fd\u5916\u5316\u9a8c\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u94c1\u77ff\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5408\u7406\u5229\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u71c3\u6599\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bb9\u4e50\u89c2\u3002\u65f6\u503c\u94a2\u94c1\u5de5\u4e1a\u5174\u8d77\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u94a2\u94c1\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u94a2\u6240\u8017\u7164\u91cf\u6570\u503c\u6781\u5927\uff0c\u6545\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u94a2\u94c1\u4f01\u4e1a\u591a\u4e3a\u71c3\u6599\u5bfc\u5411\u578b\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u9c81\u5c14\u533a\u5373\u662f\u5178\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u5f53\u65f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u7164\u77ff\u5730\u867d\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u5c31\u5df2\u63a2\u660e\u77ff\u85cf\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7eaf\u5ea6\u4f4e\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u7adf\u5c06\u7164\u6e90\u5e0c\u671b\u5bc4\u6258\u5728\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u5df4\u4e1c\u56db\u5ddd\u4e00\u5e26\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u66fe\u8bbe\u60f3\u5229\u7528\u6728\u70ad\u70bc\u94c1\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5176\u4e00\u662f\u4ea7\u91cf\u4f4e\uff0c\u5176\u4e8c\u662f\u201c\u70bc\u7126\u70ad\u591a\u788e\u201d\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u96c6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u81f4\u5149\u7eea\u4e09\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\uff081907\uff097\u6708\u9a6c\u978d\u5c71\u77ff\u533a\u7684\u505c\u529e\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5f00\u5e73\u3001\u840d\u4e61\u7684\u7164\u77ff\u62ef\u6551\u4e86\u94c1\u77ff\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u5f00\u5e73\u8ddd\u9102\u8f83\u8fdc\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u65e0\u95f4\u65ad\u7684\u4f9b\u5e94\u3002\u56e0\u800c\u4e0d\u6577\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u94c1\u5382\u53ea\u5f97\u5c01\u7089\u3002\u800c\u94c1\u5382\u5f00\u7089\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7a0d\u6709\u95f4\u65ad\u505c\u5f85\uff0c\u4e00\u95f4\u65ad\u5219\u7089\u5fc5\u574f\u3002\u840d\u4e61\u7164\u4e5f\u96be\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002\u201c\u56e0\u840d\u4e61\u7164\u4e4f\u6b3e\u5c11\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5168\u5f00 \u201d[27]\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u7164\u6e90\u4f9b\u5e94\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u7684\u635f\u574f\u5728\u6240\u96be\u514d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u518d\u6b21\u5219\u662f\u4eba\u624d\u7684\u6781\u5ea6\u532e\u4e4f\u3002\u65f6\u5f00\u5173\u672a\u51e0\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u901a\u6653\u6280\u672f\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8425\u9500\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u5341\u5206\u7a00\u7f3a\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u540e\u6765\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u5728\u9009\u5740\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u751a\u81f3\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5c06\u4e2d\u5916\u4eba\u624d\u201c\u805a\u4e8e\u7701\u57ce\u201d\u4ee5\u201c\u901a\u878d\u4f7f\u7528\u201d\u3002[28]\u540c\u65f6\u8521\u9521\u52c7\u7684\u8eab\u517c\u591a\u804c\u4ea6\u53ef\u5145\u5206\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u56e0\u800c\u65e0\u8bba\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u600e\u6837\u63d0\u9632\u5916\u56fd\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u4e0e\u503e\u8f67\uff0c\u8058\u8bf7\u6d0b\u5320\u5bf9\u4e8e\u94c1\u5382\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u662f\u6781\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e9\u5728\u5e7f\u5dde\u65f6\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u5373\u5f15\u8fdb\u8bb8\u591a\u897f\u6d0b\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u540e\u6765\u5bf9\u5382\u5740\u9009\u62e9\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u77ff\u5e08\u767d\u4e43\u5bcc\uff08E.Braive\uff09\u7763\u9102\u540e\u53c8\u5927\u91cf\u62db\u52df\u897f\u6d0b\u6280\u5e08\u5de5\u5320\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u7194\u94c1\u70bc\u94a2\u603b\u5320\u8d3a\u67cf\u751f\uff08Herry Hobson\uff09\u53ca\u4e3a\u94c1\u5382\u7acb\u4e0b\u6c57\u9a6c\u529f\u52b3\u7684\u5362\u68ee\u5821\u7c4d\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5415\u8d1d\u5c14\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u5382\u5740\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u76f4\u81f3\u4eca\u5929\u4ecd\u4e3a\u4f17\u591a\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u4e89\u8bba\u4e0d\u5df2\u3002\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u63d0\u51fa\u5efa\u5382\u6c49\u9633\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u90fd\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u201c\u53c2\u914c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u60c5\u201d\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u76d1\u7ba1\u3002\u6b64\u70b9\u524d\u6587\u5df2\u6d89\u53ca\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u8be6\u8ff0\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u76d1\u7ba1\u201d\uff0c\u5e94\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9488\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5458\u5de5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e94\u6709\u9632\u8303\u5916\u56fd\u8d44\u672c\u6e17\u900f\u7684\u8003\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u901a\u8fc7\u7f1c\u5bc6\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u51fa\u4e0e\u674e\u3001\u76db\u7b49\u4eba\u89c2\u70b9\u76f8\u5de6\u7684\u8282\u7701\u8fd0\u8d39\u7684\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6700\u540e\u81f4\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u4ee5\u7164\u5c31\u94c1\u201d\u7684\u683c\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e09\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u524d\u6587\u65e2\u5df2\u63d0\u5230\u8fc7\u7684\uff0c\u5c06\u897f\u6d0b\u4eba\u624d\u201c\u805a\u4e8e\u7701\u57ce\uff0c\u901a\u878d\u4f7f\u7528\u201d\u7684\u8003\u8651\u3002\u9664\u5374\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u81ea\u5df1\u5217\u4e3e\u7684\u4e03\u6761\u4f9d\u636e\u548c\u8003\u8651\u5916\uff0c\u6b66\u6c49\u5927\u5b66\u4ee3\u9c81\u6559\u6388\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5f20\u6c0f\u9009\u5740\u5e94\u8fd8\u6709\u4fbf\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u8eab\u8fb9\u5e55\u50da\u5982\u8521\u9521\u52c7\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u518d\u7efc\u5408\u90ed\u58eb\u6566\u6240\u52d8\u5bdf\u7684\u9ec4\u77f3\u6e2f\u4e1c\u8fb9\u4e0d\u5229\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u6700\u7ec8\u4e0b\u5b9a\u51b3\u5fc3\u5c06\u5382\u5740\u8bbe\u5728\u5927\u522b\u5c71\uff08\u9f9f\u5c71\uff09\u811a\u4e0b\u7684\u6c49\u9633\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u6781\u777f\u667a\u7684\u3002\u9664\u5374\u4ee5\u4e0a\u539f\u56e0\u5916\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u5efa\u5382\u6c49\u9633\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u6b66\u6c49\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u5efa\u8bbe\u610f\u4e49\u6df1\u8fdc\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u6c49\u9633\u91cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u6b66\u660c\u8f7b\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u6c49\u53e3\u5546\u4e1a\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u683c\u5c40\u5f97\u5230\u521d\u6b65\u5960\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u6b64\u4e3e\u6216\u4e3a\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5362\u6c49\u94c1\u8def\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u7531\u6c49\u9633\u8fd0\u81f3\u6c49\u53e3\u7684\u957f\u671f\u6210\u672c\u786e\u5b9e\u8f83\u7531\u5927\u51b6\u8fd0\u8f93\u8981\u4f4e\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u6709\u957f\u8fdc\u8003\u8651\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8d1d\u8272\u9ebb\u548c\u9a6c\u4e01\u70bc\u94a2\u7089\u4e5f\u9646\u7eed\u9001\u8fbe\u3002[32]\u5728\u6392\u9664\u4e07\u96be\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u9b42\u7275\u68a6\u8426\u7684\u94c1\u5382\u7ec8\u4e8e\u8981\u5dcd\u7136\u77d7\u7acb\u5728\u6c49\u6c5f\u4e4b\u6ee8\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e43\u81f3\u4e1c\u534a\u7403\u5e26\u6765\u94a2\u94c1\u7684\u66d9\u5149\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5ea7\u94c1\u5382\uff0c\u6c49\u9633\u94c1\u5382\u8f83\u5176\u540e\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u516b\u5e61\u5236\u94c1\u6240\u65e9\u4e03\u5e74\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bb6\u91c7\u7528\u897f\u5f0f\u673a\u68b0\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5316\u7ecf\u8425\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u94a2\u94c1\u7164\u70ad\u8054\u5408\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u91c7\u7528\u94a2\u94c1\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u5382\u623f\u548c\u9996\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u6c34\u6ce5\u3001\u6c99\u3001\u77f3\u7684\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u582a\u79f0\u201c\u5927\u6c14\u78c5\u7934\uff0c\u4e3e\u56fd\u6115\u7719\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u201c\u4e1c\u897f\u4e09\u91cc\u4f59\uff0c\u5357\u5317\u5927\u534a\u91cc\u201d\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u96c4\u5382\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5916\u56fd\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u636e\u5f53\u65f6\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u6d0b\u62a5\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u6c49\u9633\u94c1\u5382\u4e4b\u5d1b\u8d77\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5927\u6709\u632f\u8863\u5343\u4ede\uff0c\u89c8\u4f17\u5c71\u4e4b\u52bf\u201d\u201c\u545c\u547c\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9192\u77e3\uff01<\/p>\n

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\u4ed6\u8e0c\u8e87\u6ee1\u5fd7\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u9102\u7701\u5949\u65e8\u8bbe\u5382\u70bc\u94c1\uff0c\u5b9e\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u521b\u529e\u4e4b\u4e3e\u3002\u201d\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u6df1\u5207\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u521b\u529e\u4e4b\u4e3e\u201d\u7684\u81ea\u8c6a\u4e0e\u5176\u4e2d\u627f\u8f7d\u7684\u6c89\u7538\u7538\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u8bda\u5982\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u6e56\u5317\u94c1\u5382\u517c\u91c7\u77ff\u3001\u70bc\u94c1\u3001\u5f00\u7164\u4e09\u5927\u7aef\uff0c\u521b\u5730\u7403\u4e1c\u534a\u9762\u672a\u6709\u4e4b\u5c40\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u9020\u8f68\u5236\u68b0\u6c38\u675c\u6f0f\u536e\u4e4b\u6839\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u9971\u542b\u7740\u7684\u7231\u56fd\u70ed\u5ff1\u8dc3\u7136\u7eb8\u4e0a\u3002\u201c\u6b64\u65f6\u671f\u4e2d\u7586\u540f\u80fd\u77e5\u5de5\u4e1a\u91cd\u8981\u800c\u4ee5\u5168\u529b\u63d0\u5021\u8005\uff0c\u5f20\u6c0f\u5f53\u9996\u5c48\u4e00\u6307\u77e3\u3002\u201d[33]<\/p>\n

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\u800c\u4eca\u540e\u6c49\u9633\u94c1\u5382\u7684\u96be\u9500\u867d\u7531\u591a\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\u9020\u6210\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u5960\u57fa\u4e4b\u521d\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u601d\u60f3\u4e0d\u65e0\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u601d\u60f3\u652f\u914d\u4e0b\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5b98\u7763\u5b98\u529e\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u5236\u5219\u66f4\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5b98\u65b9\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u76c8\u4e8f\u53ca\u7ecf\u8425\u81ea\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u6f20\u89c6\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u5458\u5de5\u6781\u4f4e\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u6027\u53ca\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u5f87\u79c1\u821e\u5f0a\u548c\u865a\u9761\u516c\u6b3e\u3002\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u6ee5\u652f\u9761\u8d39\uff0c\u4efb\u610f\u6d6e\u5f00\uff0c\u5b9e\u582a\u9a87\u5f02\u201d[34]\uff0c\u5bf9\u6b64\u4ed6\u201c\u75db\u5fc3\u75be\u9996\u201d\u3002[35]<\/p>\n

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\u4ed6\u66fe\u4e0d\u65e0\u611f\u53f9\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u9119\u4eba\u6027\u60c5\uff0c\u5411\u6765\u5f53\u4f5c\u72ec\u4efb\u5176\u96be\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u5c24\u4e13\u4f5c\u5403\u529b\u4e0d\u8ba8\u597d\u4e4b\u4e8b\u2026\u2026\u5984\u601d\u7aed\u6bdb\u53d1\u4e4b\u529b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e00\u7bd1\u969c\u6cb3\u4e4b\u60f3\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

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\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6c49\u9633\u94c1\u5382\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u91cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u5148\u9a71\u53ca\u6d0b\u52a1\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e43\u81f3\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u6d53\u58a8\u91cd\u5f69\u7684\u4e00\u7b14\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5176\u6781\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5f15\u9886\u548c\u793a\u8303\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u4e0e\u6b66\u6c49\u535a\u7269\u9986\u65b0\u9986<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u6d3b\u52a8\u611f\u609f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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