![](\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fspider.ws.126.net%2F373b50ceef812ce0dbbf22b08adfbda7.jpeg&thumbnail=660x2147483647&quality=80&type=jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u4f5c\u8005:\u845b\u798f\u5f3a<\/p>\n
\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u6c11\u56fd\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u4e0d\u65ad\u4fee\u6b63\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5404\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\u671f,\u6559\u5e08\u85aa\u4ff8\u72b6\u51b5\u5927\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c,\u5f53\u793e\u4f1a\u5904\u4e8e\u76f8\u5bf9\u5b89\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\u65f6,\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u6536\u5165\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u8bf8\u804c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u662f\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684;\u5f53\u793e\u4f1a\u52a8\u8361\u4e4b\u65f6,\u6559\u5e08\u85aa\u4ff8\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u83b7\u5f97\u548c\u652f\u914d\u4fbf\u5927\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6c11\u56fd\u524d\u671f,\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u521a\u8d77\u6b65\u4e0d\u4e45,\u8bb8\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u7684\u95ee\u9898,\u5c1a\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a2\u7d22\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5357\u4eac\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u6210\u7acb\u540e,\u653f\u5e9c\u52a0\u5f3a\u5bf9\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u7684\u6295\u5165,\u540c\u65f6,\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u89c4\u7a0b,\u89c4\u8303\u4e86\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u5236\u5ea6,\u4f7f\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u9010\u6b65\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u3002\u6297\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u540e,\u7531\u4e8e\u65f6\u5c40\u52a8\u8361,\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d7\u635f,\u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u6574\u4f53\u4e0b\u6ed1,\u5c3d\u7ba1\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u4ecd\u80fd\u52c9\u5f3a\u7ef4\u6301\u539f\u6765\u6c34\u5e73,\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u8d2d\u4e70\u529b\u76f4\u7ebf\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd, \u53d7\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u54cd, \u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u5bf9\u201c\u94b1\u201d\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u611f\u60c5\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u6d3b\u5f80\u5f80\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u601d\u60f3\u4e0e\u72ec\u7acb\u4eba\u683c\u7684\u517b\u6210\u3002\u800c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53, \u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0e\u5176\u6536\u5165\u662f\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4, \u7ecf\u6d4e\u6536\u5165\u662f\u8861\u91cf\u804c\u4e1a\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316 (1) \u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u804c\u4e1a, \u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u4e0d\u4ec5\u62c5\u8d1f\u7740\u6559\u4e66\u80b2\u4eba\u7684\u795e\u5723\u804c\u8d23, \u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5904\u5883\u5f85\u9047\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53c2\u7167\u4e0e\u793a\u8303\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f, \u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0d\u540c\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u76f8\u5dee\u5de8\u5927, \u5373\u4f7f\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u671f, \u4e0d\u540c\u804c\u7ea7\u7684\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u5730\u533a\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u4e5f\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u4e0e\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5f62\u52bf\u6709\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u5173\u7cfb, \u800c\u9020\u6210\u8fd9\u79cd\u5dee\u5f02\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u8fd8\u5728\u4e8e\u6709\u5173\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u6cd5\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u62df\u4ee5\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f (1912-1949) \u6709\u5173\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7ebf, \u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8003\u5bdf, \u603b\u7ed3\u5176\u5f97\u5931\u5229\u5f0a, \u4ee5\u671f\u5bf9\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u6709\u6240\u501f\u9274\u548c\u542f\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00<\/p>\n
\u6c11\u56fd\u524d\u671f\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u5dee\u5f02\u5de8\u5927<\/p>\n
\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u6559\u80b2\u6bd4\u8f83\u91cd\u89c6\u30021912\u5e74, \u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5c31\u660e\u786e\u6307\u51fa:\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6570\u56db\u4e07\u4e07\u4eba, \u6b64\u56db\u4e07\u4e07\u4e4b\u4eba\u7686\u5e94\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u201d[1]358\u540c\u5e7410\u6708, \u6c11\u56fd\u5317\u4eac\u653f\u5e9c\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u4ee4\u300b, \u4ee5\u56fe\u5bf9\u6e05\u672b\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6539\u9769\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u4ee4\u300b\u89c4\u5b9a, \u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u5206\u6559\u6388\u548c\u52a9\u6559\u4e8c\u7b49, \u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u8058\u4efb\u8bb2\u5e08\u30021917\u5e749\u6708, \u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u53c8\u5728\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u4fee\u6b63\u5927\u5b66\u4ee4\u300b\u4e0a\u5c06\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5206\u4e3a\u6b63\u6559\u6388\u3001\u6559\u6388\u3001\u52a9\u6559\u6388\u3001\u8bb2\u5e08\u56db\u7b49\u3002[2]109,168<\/p>\n
\u6559\u5e08\u7b49\u7ea7\u4e0d\u540c, \u4e13\u517c\u6709\u5f02, \u5219\u5176\u5f85\u9047\u76f8\u5dee\u4e5f\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u57281914\u5e747\u6708\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u5236\u5b9a\u5e76\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u76f4\u8f96\u4e13\u95e8\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b66\u6821\u804c\u5458\u85aa\u4ff8\u6682\u884c\u89c4\u7a0b\u300b\u4e2d\u89c4\u5b9a:\u51e1\u76f4\u8f96\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u5458, \u5206\u4e13\u4efb\u3001\u517c\u4efb\u4e8c\u79cd\u3002\u5176\u5e94\u652f\u85aa\u4ff8\u6570\u76ee\u5982\u4e0b:\u5927\u5b66\u4e13\u4efb\u6559\u5458, \u6708\u652f180-280\u5143;\u5927\u5b66\u9884\u79d1\u4e13\u4efb\u6559\u5458, \u6708\u652f140-240\u5143;\u9ad8\u7b49\u5e08\u8303\u5b66\u6821\u4e13\u4efb\u6559\u5458, \u6708\u652f160-250\u5143;\u4e13\u95e8\u5b66\u6821\u4e13\u4efb\u6559\u5458, \u6708\u652f160-250\u5143;\u517c\u4efb\u6559\u5458\u4e4b\u85aa\u4ff8, \u6309\u6388\u8bfe\u65f6\u95f4\u5b9e\u6570\u652f\u7ed9\u4e4b, \u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u85aa\u4ff8\u5982\u4e0b:\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u517c\u4efb\u6559\u5458, \u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u914c\u652f3-5\u5143;\u9ad8\u7b49\u5e08\u8303\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u4e13\u95e8\u5b66\u6821\u5927\u5b66\u9884\u79d1\u4e4b\u517c\u4efb\u6559\u5458\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u914c\u652f2-4\u5143;\u51e1\u5916\u56fd\u6559\u5458\u4e4b\u85aa\u4ff8\u53ca\u6388\u8bfe\u65f6\u95f4, \u522b\u4ee5\u5951\u7ea6\u5b9a\u4e4b\u3002[3]\u8be5\u89c4\u7a0b\u4ece\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0a\u89c4\u8303\u4e86\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u85aa\u4ff8\u7684\u6807\u51c6, \u4ece\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053, \u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u9ad8\u6821\u4e13\u4efb\u6559\u5e08\u5b9e\u884c\u7684\u662f\u6708\u85aa\u5236, \u800c\u517c\u4efb\u6559\u5e08\u5219\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u65f6\u85aa\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n
1917\u5e74\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u53c8\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u300a\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u804c\u5458\u4efb\u7528\u53ca\u85aa\u4ff8\u89c4\u7a0b\u300b\u3002\u8be5\u89c4\u7a0b\u89c4\u5b9a:\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u7b49, \u6bcf\u7b496\u7ea7, \u517124\u7ea7\u3002\u5176\u4e2d, \u6b63\u6559\u6388\u6708\u85aa300-400\u5143, \u672c\u79d1\u6559\u6388\u6708\u85aa180-280\u5143, \u9884\u79d1\u6559\u6388\u6708\u85aa140-240\u5143, \u52a9\u6559\u6708\u85aa50-120\u5143\u3002[4]165-166<\/p>\n
\u88681\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7ea7\u522b\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u5dee\u8ddd, \u53ef\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u770b\u51fa, \u9664\u52a9\u6559\u7b2c6\u7ea7\u81f3\u7b2c3\u7ea7\u7684\u7ea7\u5dee\u4e3a10\u5143\u5916, \u5404\u7ea7\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ea7\u5dee\u5747\u4e3a20\u5143, \u52a9\u6559\u4e0e\u6b63\u6559\u6388\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u85aa\u4ff8\u5dee\u8ddd\u5341\u5206\u660e\u663e\u3002\u4e0e1914\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u76f4\u8f96\u4e13\u95e8\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b66\u6821\u804c\u5458\u85aa\u4ff8\u6682\u884c\u89c4\u7a0b\u300b\u76f8\u6bd4, 1917\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u804c\u5458\u4efb\u7528\u53ca\u85aa\u4ff8\u89c4\u7a0b\u300b\u5bf9\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u5212\u5206\u66f4\u4e3a\u7ec6\u81f4, \u5bf9\u5404\u7b49\u7ea7\u6559\u5e08\u85aa\u4ff8\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e5f\u66f4\u4e3a\u660e\u7ec6, \u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u5f3a, \u4fbf\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u540c\u65f6, \u5404\u7b49\u7ea7\u6559\u5e08\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u5dee\u8ddd\u4ea6\u660e\u663e\u62c9\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n
![](\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fspider.ws.126.net%2Fc32b55ef6419c9b8b1bb2877777d3092.jpeg&thumbnail=660x2147483647&quality=80&type=jpg\")
<\/p>\n
\u88681 1917\u5e74\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u804c\u5458\u85aa\u4ff8\u8868<\/p>\n
\u7136\u800c, \u5728\u5404\u9ad8\u6821\u5b9e\u9645\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d, \u4ee5\u4e0a\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u6cd5\u89c4\u5e76\u672a\u88ab\u4e25\u683c\u6267\u884c, \u800c\u662f\u5404\u9ad8\u6821\u6839\u636e\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u53c8\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u85aa\u4ff8\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u59821920\u5e74\u56fd\u7acb\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u804c\u5458\u5f85\u9047\u7ae0\u7a0b\u8d77\u8349\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a, \u201c\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u4e4b\u85aa\u4ff8\u592a\u8584, \u65e2\u4e0d\u8db3\u8863\u98df\u4e4b\u8d39, \u66f4\u4e0d\u6577\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u672f\u4e4b\u7528, \u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u804c\u4e1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u592a\u4f4e\u201d, \u51b3\u8bae\u63d0\u9ad8\u6559\u804c\u5458\u85aa\u4ff8\u7b49\u7ea7:\u5927\u5b66\u4e13\u4efb\u6559\u5458\u5206\u6b63\u6559\u6388\u3001\u9884\u79d1\u6559\u6388\u4e0e\u52a9\u6559\u4e09\u7b49;\u6b63\u6559\u6388\u4e0e\u52a9\u6559\u7684\u6708\u85aa\u57fa\u672c\u4f9d\u65e7\u7ef4\u6301\u300a\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u804c\u5458\u4efb\u7528\u53ca\u85aa\u4ff8\u89c4\u7a0b\u300b\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a, \u800c\u5bf9\u9884\u79d1\u6559\u6388\u7684\u6708\u85aa\u4f5c\u4e86\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347, \u7531\u539f\u6765\u7684140-240\u5143\u63d0\u5347\u81f3240-340\u5143\u3002[5]491-492\u53c8\u6bd4\u5982\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u5b66\u57281921\u5e744\u6708\u7684\u6559\u804c\u5458\u6708\u85aa\u8868\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d:\u6821\u957f\u6bcf\u6708\u85aa\u4ff8\u4e3a400-800\u5143, \u6559\u6388\u6bcf\u6708\u85aa\u4ff8\u4e3a200-800\u5143\u30021926\u5e748\u6708, \u9c81\u8fc5\u5e94\u53a6\u95e8\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u9080\u8bf7\u51fa\u4efb\u8be5\u6821\u56fd\u6587\u7cfb\u6559\u6388, \u6bcf\u6708\u85aa\u4ff8400\u5143\u3002\u6570\u6708\u540e, \u5e7f\u5dde\u7684\u4e2d\u5c71\u5927\u5b66\u8058\u8bf7\u9c81\u8fc5\u4e3a\u8be5\u6821\u6559\u6388, \u6bcf\u6708\u85aa\u4ff8500\u5143\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1, \u5404\u9ad8\u6821\u5728\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u4e0a\u90fd\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u6807\u51c6\u4e4b\u4e0a, \u5404\u9ad8\u6821\u7ed3\u5408\u5b66\u6821\u7ecf\u8d39\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u5b66\u6821\u81ea\u8eab\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u8058\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u51c6\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7b49, \u5bf9\u5176\u5f85\u9047\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c<\/p>\n
\u5357\u4eac\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u5236\u5ea6\u8d8b\u4e8e\u89c4\u8303\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n \u5357\u4eac\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u6210\u7acb\u540e, \u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u85aa\u4ff8\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u89c4\u5b9a, \u4ee5\u53ca\u85aa\u4ff8\u7684\u53d1\u653e\u6807\u51c6\u90fd\u8d8b\u4e8e\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u3002\u540c\u65f6, \u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u524d\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n \u6559\u80b2\u884c\u653f\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e8e1927\u5e746\u6708\u516c\u5e03\u4e86\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u8d44\u683c\u6761\u4f8b\u300b, \u5c06\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u5206\u4e3a\u6559\u6388\u3001\u526f\u6559\u6388\u3001\u8bb2\u5e08\u3001\u52a9\u6559\u56db\u7b49, \u5e76\u89c4\u5b9a\u201c\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u4ee5\u4e13\u4efb\u4e3a\u539f\u5219, \u5982\u6709\u7279\u522b\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e13\u4efb\u65f6, \u5176\u85aa\u4ff8\u5f97\u4ee5\u949f\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u201d1929\u5e747\u6708\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6cd5\u300b\u89c4\u5b9a:\u5927\u5b66\u5f97\u8058\u517c\u4efb\u6559\u5458, \u4f46\u5176\u603b\u6570\u4e0d\u5f97\u8d85\u8fc7\u5168\u4f53\u6559\u5458\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u30021934\u5e746\u6708\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u81f4\u56fd\u7acb\u5317\u5e73\u5927\u5b66\u8bad\u4ee4\u4e2d, \u9274\u4e8e\u201c\u8be5\u6821\u5404\u9662\u6559\u5458\u65e2\u591a\u517c\u4efb, \u5176\u4e13\u4efb\u6559\u5458\u5b9e\u9645\u4ecd\u591a\u517c\u4ed6\u6821\u804c\u52a1 (\u5982\u8be5\u6821\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u545889\u4eba\u4e2d, \u4e13\u4efb\u4ec516\u4eba, \u800c\u4e13\u4efb\u6559\u5458\u4ecd\u591a\u5728\u4ed6\u5904\u517c\u804c) , \u53c8\u5f3a\u8c03\u8981\u201c\u5389\u884c\u6559\u804c\u5458\u4e13\u4efb\u5236\u201d, \u91cd\u7533\u201c\u6559\u5458\u5e94\u4ee5\u4e13\u4efb\u4e3a\u539f\u5219\u201d\u3002[6]169,172,213-215\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5b9a\u5bf9\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u961f\u4f0d\u5efa\u8bbe\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4f5c\u7528, \u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u6c34\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n \u5176\u4e2d, \u4e8e1927\u5e746\u6708\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u8d44\u683c\u6761\u4f8b\u300b\u4e2d, \u540e\u9762\u9644\u6709\u4e00\u5f20\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u85aa\u4ff8\u8868\u300b, \u8be5\u8868\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u85aa\u4ff8\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u533a\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u85aa\u4ff8\u8868\u6210\u4e3a\u6218\u524d10\u5e74\u5404\u5927\u5b66\u5236\u5b9a\u6559\u5e08\u85aa\u4ff8\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u6027\u6587\u4ef6, \u5177\u4f53\u89c4\u5b9a\u89c1\u88682\u3002<\/p>\n \u88682 1927\u5e74 (\u5357\u4eac\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c) \u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u85aa\u4ff8\u8868 (\u5143)<\/p>\n \u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u85aa\u4ff8\u8868\u4e2d, \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa, \u5357\u4eac\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5c06\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u7684\u85aa\u4ff8\u4f5c\u4e86\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u9ad8, \u6bd4\u5982\u5c06\u6559\u6388\u85aa\u4ff8\u63d0\u9ad8\u81f3400-600\u5143, \u8fd9\u5927\u5927\u9ad8\u4e8e\u4e4b\u524d\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u6c34\u5e73\u30021929\u5e7412\u6708\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u300a\u56fd\u7acb\u4e2d\u592e\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u85aa\u4ff8\u73b0\u884c\u6807\u51c6\u300b\u57fa\u672c\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e86\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u85aa\u4ff8\u8868\u300b\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a, \u53ea\u662f\u52a9\u6559\u6700\u4f4e\u6708\u85aa\u8c03\u6574\u4e3a90\u5143, \u4f46\u662f\u89c4\u5b9a\u52a9\u6559\u53ef\u6bcf\u5e74\u52a0\u85aa10\u5143[7]285\u3002<\/p>\n \u540c\u65f6, \u6b63\u5982\u5728\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u85aa\u4ff8\u8868\u300b\u9644\u6ce8\u4e2d\u6240\u8a00\u201c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u6559\u5458\u4e4b\u85aa\u4ff8\u5f97\u56e0\u5404\u5927\u5b66\u4e4b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u60c5\u5f62, \u800c\u914c\u91cf\u589e\u51cf\u4e4b, \u5916\u56fd\u6559\u5458\u540c\u3002\u201d[8]64\u5404\u5927\u5b66\u5728\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u85aa\u4ff8\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u8eab\u7ecf\u8d39\u60c5\u51b5\u5bf9\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u4f5c\u51fa\u6d6e\u52a8\u6027\u5730\u8c03\u6574\u7684, \u4ee5\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b661931\u5e74\u81f31934\u5e74\u4e3a\u4f8b, \u4ece\u88683\u4e0d\u96be\u770b\u51fa, 1931\u81f31934\u5e74\u95f4, \u5317\u5927\u6559\u6388\u7684\u6708\u85aa\u5e73\u5747\u90fd\u5728400\u5143\u4ee5\u4e0a, \u526f\u6559\u6388\u5e73\u5747\u5728300\u5143\u5de6\u53f3, \u4e13\u4efb\u8bb2\u5e08\u5e73\u5747\u5728160-250\u5143\u95f4, \u52a9\u6559\u6708\u85aa\u4ea6\u572880-90\u5143\u95f4\u6d6e\u52a8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u4e0e\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u85aa\u4ff8\u8868\u300b\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u543b\u5408\u3002\u800c\u6559\u6388\u6708\u85aa\u6700\u9ad8\u53ef\u8fbe700\u5143\u8005, \u636e\u67e5\u4e43\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u5916\u7c4d\u6559\u6388\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f, \u8bb2\u5e08\u5e73\u5747\u6708\u85aa\u572870-80\u5143\u95f4, \u6700\u9ad8\u5927\u7ea6300\u5143, \u6700\u4f4e\u4ec5\u4e3a40\u5143, \u76f8\u5dee\u60ac\u6b8a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bb2\u5e08\u85aa\u4ff8\u5b9e\u884c\u7684\u662f\u6309\u8bfe\u65f6\u8ba1\u85aa\u3002<\/p>\n 1932\u5e74, \u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u4e5f\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u7b26\u5408\u5b66\u6821\u81ea\u8eab\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u300a\u56fd\u7acb\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5e08\u670d\u52a1\u53ca\u5f85\u9047\u89c4\u7a0b\u300b\u3002\u300a\u89c4\u7a0b\u300b\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u5bf9\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u4e88\u4ee5\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\u636e\u8be5\u89c4\u5b9a, \u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u6708\u85aa\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a300-400\u5143, \u6700\u9ad8\u53ef\u8fbe500\u5143;\u4e13\u4efb\u8bb2\u5e08\u4e3a160-280\u5143;\u6559\u5458\u4e3a120-200\u5143;\u52a9\u6559\u4e3a80-140\u5143\u3002\u6559\u6388\u6bcf\u4e24\u5e74 (\u4f11\u5047\u4e4b\u5e74\u9664\u5916) \u52a0\u85aa\u4e00\u6b21, \u6bcf\u6b21\u52a0\u6708\u85aa20\u5143, \u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u5b66\u672f\u6210\u5c31\u8005, \u53ef\u52a0\u6708\u85aa40\u5143;\u6559\u5458\u4e5f\u662f\u6bcf\u4e24\u5e74\u52a0\u6708\u85aa20\u5143;\u52a9\u6559\u6bcf\u5e74\u52a0\u85aa\u4e00\u6b21, \u6bcf\u6b21\u52a0\u6708\u85aa10\u5143\u3002[9]109\u53ef\u89c1, \u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u4e5f\u57fa\u672c\u9075\u5faa\u4e86\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u85aa\u4ff8\u8868\u300b\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u7ecf\u8d39\u6765\u81ea\u5e9a\u5b50\u8d54\u6b3e\u9000\u6b3e, \u5176\u6559\u5e08\u5e73\u5747\u5f85\u9047\u4e5f\u9ad8\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u5927\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n \u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u6700\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u4e24\u6240\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u800c\u5728\u5176\u65f6, \u79c1\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u4e0e\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u85aa\u4ff8\u5dee\u8ddd\u8fd8\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u3002\u636e\u8bb0\u8f7d, 1931\u5e74\u79c1\u7acb\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u5458\u6570\u8fbe\u52303002\u4eba, \u5176\u65f6\u56fd\u7acb\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u5458\u6570\u4e3a2771\u4eba, \u7701\u7acb\u5b66\u6821\u4e3a1242\u4eba\u3002\u800c\u79c1\u7acb\u5b66\u6821\u6708\u4eba\u5747\u5de5\u8d44\u4e3a197.1\u5143, \u5747\u4f4e\u4e8e\u540e\u4e24\u8005\u7684230.9\u5143\u548c230\u5143\u3002[10]32-50<\/p>\n \u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u5927\u5b66\u7531\u4e8e\u7ecf\u8d39\u5145\u8db3, \u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u6bd4\u4e00\u822c\u516c\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u79c1\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u597d\u3002\u5982\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66, 19\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u51fa\u4efb\u6821\u957f, \u85aa\u91d1\u589e\u81f3500\u5143\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u804c\u5458\u3001\u897f\u7c4d\u6559\u804c\u5458\u4eab\u53d7\u540c\u7b49\u5f85\u9047, \u5e73\u5747\u6559\u6388\u6708\u85aa\u8fbe\u5230360\u5143, \u8be6\u89c1\u88683\u3002<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u867d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u73b0\u8c61, \u4f46\u662f\u6bd5\u7adf\u6536\u5165\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e14\u8f83\u5176\u4ed6\u884c\u4e1a\u4e3a\u9ad8 (2) \u3002\u56e0\u6b64, \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u6210\u4e3a\u6c11\u56fd\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u6700\u597d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e09<\/p>\n \u6297\u6218\u53ca\u89e3\u653e\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\u671f\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u201c\u6c34\u5206\u5927\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n \u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\u540e, \u5728\u4e25\u5cfb\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u56fd\u5185\u5f62\u52bf\u9762\u524d, \u519b\u8d39\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u652f\u51fa\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64, \u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\u5e76\u672a\u5ffd\u7565\u6559\u80b2\u3002<\/p>\n 1940\u5e748\u6708, \u884c\u653f\u9662\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u53ca\u72ec\u7acb\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u5458\u8058\u4efb\u5f85\u9047\u6682\u884c\u89c4\u7a0b\u300b, \u5bf9\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u8d44\u683c\u3001\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u6700\u9ad8\u85aa\u3001\u6700\u4f4e\u85aa\u4ee5\u53ca\u52a0\u85aa\u5e74\u9650\u4e0e\u6570\u91cf\u90fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a, \u8981\u6c42\u4e13\u79d1\u5b66\u6821\u4e5f\u7167\u6b64\u529e\u7406\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e00\u6682\u884c\u89c4\u7a0b, \u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u85aa\u4ff8\u7b49\u7ea7\u3002[11]\u8981\u6c42\u5404\u6821\u8058\u8bf7\u6559\u5458\u65f6\u987b\u9a8c\u5176\u8d44\u683c\u5ba1\u67e5\u5408\u683c\u8bc1\u4e66, \u521d\u4efb\u6559\u5458\u4ee5\u81ea\u6700\u4f4e\u7ea7\u8d77\u85aa\u4e3a\u539f\u5219, \u66fe\u4efb\u6559\u5458\u6216\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u5f62\u8005\u5f97\u914c\u81ea\u8f83\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8d77\u85aa, \u5176\u4efb\u6559\u5353\u6709\u6210\u7ee9\u8005\u7531\u5b66\u6821\u914c\u4e88\u664b\u7ea7, \u85aa\u4ff8\u7b49\u7ea7\u3001\u6570\u989d\u6682\u5b9a\u5982 (\u88684) \u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u91cc\u9762\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f, \u89c4\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u201c\u6559\u5458\u4e13\u4efb\u539f\u5219\u201d\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\u6682\u884c\u89c4\u7a0b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\u6559\u5e08\u4ee5\u4e13\u4efb\u4e3a\u539f\u5219, \u201c\u5e94\u4e8e\u5b66\u6821\u529e\u516c\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u6821\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u6559\u6388\u3001\u526f\u6559\u6388\u3001\u8bb2\u5e08\u6388\u8bfe\u65f6\u95f4\u6bcf\u5468\u4ee59\u5c0f\u65f6\u81f312\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e3a\u7387, \u4e0d\u6ee19\u5c0f\u65f6\u8005\u7167\u517c\u4efb\u5f85\u9047\u201d, \u8fd8\u89c4\u5b9a\u201c\u4e13\u4efb\u6559\u5458\u4e0d\u5f97\u5728\u6821\u5916\u517c\u8bfe\u6216\u517c\u804c, \u4f46\u6709\u7279\u522b\u60c5\u5f62\u517c\u8bfe\u5b66\u6821\u5148\u5546\u5f97\u539f\u6821\u540c\u610f\u8005, \u6bcf\u5468\u81f3\u591a\u5f97\u517c\u8bfe4\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002\u517c\u8bfe\u4ee5\u4e0e\u539f\u6821\u6240\u6388\u8bfe\u76ee\u6027\u8d28\u76f8\u540c\u8005\u4e3a\u9650, \u517c\u8bfe\u85aa\u91d1\u5e76\u5f97\u7531\u539f\u6821\u5177\u9886\u652f\u914d\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u5c06\u6559\u5e08\u8d44\u683c\u3001\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u80fd\u529b\u4e0e\u5176\u5f85\u9047\u8f83\u597d\u5730\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765, \u4e5f\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a\u9ad8\u6821\u5e08\u8d44\u529b\u91cf\u53ca\u6559\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6c14\u6c1b\u3002<\/p>\n \u88683 \u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b661931-1934\u5e74\u6559\u5458\u5de5\u8d44\u6708\u85aa\u6536\u5165\u8868<\/p>\n \u88684\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u53ca\u72ec\u7acb\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u5458\u8058\u4efb\u5f85\u9047\u6682\u884c\u89c4\u7a0b\u300b\u89c4\u5b9a\u6559\u5e08\u85aa\u4ff8\u8868<\/p>\n \u7136\u800c, \u7531\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0d\u5b89\u5b9a, \u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u6c34\u5e73\u4e25\u91cd\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861, \u9020\u6210\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0, \u8d27\u5e01\u8d2c\u503c, \u7269\u4ef7\u98de\u6da8, \u867d\u7136\u6682\u884c\u89c4\u7a0b\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u6570\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u9ad8, \u4f46\u662f\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u8d2d\u4e70\u529b\u4e0b\u4e0b\u964d\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e25\u91cd, \u8fd9\u79cd\u85aa\u4ff8\u5236\u5ea6\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u969c\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u751f\u6d3b\u30021940\u5e74, \u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u6388\u5b9e\u9645\u6536\u5165\u7684\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u5df2\u56e0\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\u800c\u84b8\u53d1\u3002\u5230\u6297\u6218\u540e\u671f\u6559\u5e08\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u4e00\u964d\u81f3\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u70b9\u3002\u897f\u5357\u8054\u5927\u6559\u6388\u738b\u4e86\u4e00\u5728\u300a\u9886\u85aa\u6c34\u300b\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u9053:\u201c\u5728\u6b64\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b, \u5bb6\u91cc\u4eba\u4e0d\u6562\u60f3\u5230\u505a\u8863\u88f3, \u5c0f\u59d0\u770b\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u5fe0\u52c7\u4e4b\u5bb6\u300b\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u56e0\u5927\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u2018\u9965\u5bd2\u4e4b\u5bb6\u2019\u6ca1\u6709\u8d44\u683c\u770b\u800c\u4ed8\u8bf8\u4e1c\u6d41\u3002\u5927\u5c11\u7237\u4e5f\u53d1\u8a93\u4e0d\u518d\u7528\u529f\u5ff5\u4e66, \u56e0\u4e3a\u50cf\u7238\u7238\u90a3\u6837\u8bfb\u4e66\u7834\u4e07\u5377\u7ec8\u6210\u4f55\u7528?\u5c0f\u5c11\u7237\u53ea\u6068\u4e0d\u751f\u4e8e\u8857\u5934\u5c0f\u8d29\u4e4b\u5bb6\u3002\u201d[12]\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u751f\u6d3b\u5df2\u5982\u6b64, \u5176\u4ed6\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u751f\u6d3b\u5883\u9047\u4ea6\u53ef\u60f3\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n \u6297\u6218\u80dc\u5229\u540e, \u5404\u9ad8\u6821\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u5730\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u95e8\u90fd\u53c8\u53ca\u65f6\u8c03\u6574\u4e86\u6559\u5458\u85aa\u4ff8\u652f\u7ed9\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u4e8e1947\u5e745\u6708\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u4fee\u6b63\u540e\u7684\u300a\u56fd\u7acb\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5e08\u670d\u52a1\u53ca\u5f85\u9047\u89c4\u7a0b\u300b\u3002\u89c4\u7a0b\u89c4\u5b9a, \u201c\u65b0\u8058\u4e4b\u6559\u5e08, \u81ea\u516b\u6708\u8d77\u85aa, \u4f46\u4e8e\u5b66\u5e74\u59cb\u4e1a\u540e\u5230\u6821\u8005, \u81ea\u5230\u6821\u4e4b\u6708\u8d77\u85aa\u3002\u201d[13]405\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a, \u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u81ea\u6297\u6218\u80dc\u5229\u540e\u5176\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u4e00\u76f4\u7ef4\u6301\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u9ad8\u6c34\u51c6, \u636e\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u7f16\u300a\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u7f16\u300b\u8f7d, 1946\u5e74\u6559\u6388\u6708\u85aa\u4e3a550\u5143, \u5230\u4e861948\u5e74\u8fbe\u5230600\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n \u88685 1946-1948\u5e74\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5e08\u85aa\u4ff8\u8868<\/p>\n \u6750\u6599\u6765\u6e90:\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4:\u300a\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u7f16\u300b, \u7b2c\u56db\u5377, \u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e1994\u5e74\u7248, \u7b2c539\u3001544\u3001551\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n \u5f53\u7136, \u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u822c\u9ad8\u6821\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u8fd9\u6837\u5c06\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u7ef4\u6301\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5982\u6b64, \u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u65f6\u671f\u56fd\u5185\u5f62\u52bf\u4f9d\u65e7\u5904\u4e8e\u98ce\u4e91\u53d8\u5e7b\u4e4b\u9645, \u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ecd\u5904\u5728\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\u7269\u4ef7\u98de\u6da8\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u4e4b\u4e0b, \u6559\u5e08\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u5e76\u672a\u89c1\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n \u56db<\/p>\n \u7ed3 \u8bed<\/p>\n \u6c11\u56fd\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u4e0d\u65ad\u4fee\u6b63\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6c11\u56fd\u524d\u671f, \u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u521a\u8d77\u6b65\u4e0d\u4e45, \u5c1a\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a2\u7d22\u9636\u6bb5, \u8bb8\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u7684\u95ee\u9898, \u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u5bf9\u6b27\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u501f\u9274, \u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u6559\u5e08\u5212\u5206\u7b49\u7ea7\u7b49\u3002\u5357\u4eac\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u6210\u7acb\u540e, \u653f\u5e9c\u52a0\u5f3a\u5bf9\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u7684\u6295\u5165, \u540c\u65f6, \u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u89c4\u7a0b, \u89c4\u8303\u4e86\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u5236\u5ea6, \u4f7f\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u9010\u6b65\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u3002\u6297\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u540e, \u7531\u4e8e\u65f6\u5c40\u52a8\u8361, \u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d7\u635f, \u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u6574\u4f53\u4e0b\u6ed1, \u5c3d\u7ba1\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u4ecd\u80fd\u52c9\u5f3a\u7ef4\u6301\u539f\u6765\u7684\u6c34\u5e73, \u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u8d2d\u4e70\u529b\u76f4\u7ebf\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n \u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4, \u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e00\u76f4\u5bf9\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5f85\u9047\u95ee\u9898\u6bd4\u8f83\u5173\u6ce8, \u5e76\u79ef\u6781\u5236\u5b9a\u4e25\u5bc6\u7684\u85aa\u4ff8\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u800c\u5404\u9ad8\u6821\u5728\u6267\u884c\u6559\u5e08\u85aa\u4ff8\u653f\u7b56\u65f6, \u6839\u636e\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7ecf\u8d39\u72b6\u51b5\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u9700\u8981\u5408\u7406\u5730\u8c03\u6574\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u85aa\u4ff8\u3002\u5404\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\u671f, \u6559\u5e08\u85aa\u4ff8\u72b6\u51b5\u5927\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c, \u5f53\u793e\u4f1a\u5904\u4e8e\u76f8\u5bf9\u5b89\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\u65f6, \u6559\u5e08\u7684\u6536\u5165\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u8bf8\u804c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u662f\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684;\u5f53\u793e\u4f1a\u52a8\u8361\u4e4b\u65f6, \u6559\u5e08\u85aa\u4ff8\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u83b7\u5f97\u548c\u652f\u914d\u4fbf\u5927\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u548c\u8c10\u7a33\u5b9a\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u6559\u80b2\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5357\u4eac\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u524d\u671f, \u653f\u5c40\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u4f7f\u5f97\u793e\u4f1a\u8bf8\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4e5f\u90fd\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u8fdb\u6b65, \u6559\u80b2\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4e5f\u76f8\u5e94\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8f83\u5927\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u53cd, \u5317\u4eac\u653f\u5e9c\u65f6\u671f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5357\u4eac\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u540e\u671f, \u793e\u4f1a\u65f6\u5c40\u7684\u52a8\u8361, \u5bf9\u5305\u62ec\u6559\u80b2\u5728\u5185\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8bf8\u4e8b\u4e1a\u90fd\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u635f\u5bb3\u3002\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6709\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u5185\u5728\u4e0e\u5916\u5728\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u89c4\u5f8b, \u53ea\u6709\u9075\u5faa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5728\u548c\u5916\u5728\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u89c4\u5f8b, \u624d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5176\u5065\u5eb7\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u4f5c\u8005:\u845b\u798f\u5f3a \u6458\u8981\uff1a\u6c11\u56fd\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u4e0d\u65ad\u4fee\u6b63\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5404\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\u671f,\u6559\u5e08\u85aa\u4ff8\u72b6\u51b5\u5927\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8],"tags":[11611,1945,11610],"views":578,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38856"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=38856"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38856\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38857,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38856\/revisions\/38857"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=38856"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=38856"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=38856"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![](\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fspider.ws.126.net%2F198c65cbbe95ccdc857f8f2bd0c1f742.jpeg&thumbnail=660x2147483647&quality=80&type=jpg\")
<\/p>\n![](\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fspider.ws.126.net%2F155afb56172aac63d5d780cea4ad5fd6.jpeg&thumbnail=660x2147483647&quality=80&type=jpg\")
<\/p>\n![](\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fspider.ws.126.net%2Fa3ce833eb20d7c50c6a2ad230824d718.jpeg&thumbnail=660x2147483647&quality=80&type=jpg\")
<\/p>\n![](\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fspider.ws.126.net%2Fa2104bfcc400e3deebcc40f68d09c74f.jpeg&thumbnail=660x2147483647&quality=80&type=jpg\")
<\/p>\n