{"id":39064,"date":"2024-07-02T03:25:16","date_gmt":"2024-07-01T19:25:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=39064"},"modified":"2024-07-02T03:25:16","modified_gmt":"2024-07-01T19:25:16","slug":"%e6%97%85%e5%a4%a7%e7%a7%9f%e5%80%9f%e4%ba%a4%e6%b6%89%e4%b8%ad%e6%9d%8e%e9%b8%bf%e7%ab%a0%e3%80%81%e5%bc%a0%e8%8d%ab%e6%a1%93%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%97%e8%b4%bf%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=39064","title":{"rendered":"\u65c5\u5927\u79df\u501f\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u7684\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u95ee\u9898"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6765\u6e90:\u5b66\u672f\u754c<\/p>\n

\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u8981\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u4fc4\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u6e05\u5ef7\u5b98\u5458\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e0e\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u57281898\u5e74\u521d\u7684\u65c5\u5927\u79df\u501f\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u63a5\u53d7\u8fc7\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u8d3f\u8d42\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5728\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u9887\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ece\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u77e5\u60c5\u51b5\u770b\uff0c\u4fc4\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u672c\u8eab\u5c1a\u5b58\u5728\u81ea\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u5bf9\u7167\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u65e5\u8bb0\u3001\u7fc1\u540c\u9fa2\u65e5\u8bb0\u7b49\u4e2d\u6587\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u501f\u6b3e\u8c08\u5224\u4e2d\u8bd5\u56fe\u6536\u4e70\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u4e4b\u4e8b\u5927\u81f4\u5c5e\u5b9e\uff1b\u81f3\u4e8e\u4fc4\u56fd\u6863\u6848\u79f0\u65c5\u5927\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u53c8\u5bf9\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u4e8c\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u5229\u8bf1\u5e76\u4ed8\u6b3e\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u6587\u6587\u732e\u76f8\u6096\u5904\u751a\u591a\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u503c\u5f97\u6000\u7591\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e2d\u5916\u5173\u7cfb\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u5458\u57281898\u5e74\u65c5\u5927\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u53d7\u8d3f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u53d7\u5230\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4fc4\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5728\u4fc4\u56fd\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u5927\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8d1f\u8d23\u5bf9\u4fc4\u4ea4\u6d89\u7684\u6e05\u5ef7\u5b98\u5458\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u66fe\u63a5\u53d7\u8fc7\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u5de8\u989d\u8d3f\u8d42\uff0c\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u56e0\u800c\u6709\u201c\u5356\u56fd\u201d\u4e4b\u5acc\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u89c1\u8bf8\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u53f2\u8457\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u5148\u540e\u6709\u8fc7\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u8bf4\u5728\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u4f9d\u7136\u6709\u7740\u76f8\u5f53\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5e0c\u671b\u5229\u7528\u8fd1\u5e74\u5370\u884c\u7684\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff08\u53f7\u6a35\u91ce\uff09\u300a\u620a\u620c\u65e5\u8bb0\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u8be5\u65e5\u8bb0\u539f\u7a3f\u7531\u738b\u8d35\u5ff1\u5148\u751f\u6536\u85cf\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u6807\u70b9\u540e\u66fe\u8fde\u8f7d\u4e8e\u300a\u5e7f\u5dde\u5e08\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\u300b1987\u5e74\u7b2c3\u30014\u671f\u548c1988\u5e74\u7b2c1\u30012\u671f\u3002\u6fb3\u95e8\u5c1a\u5fd7\u4e66\u793e\u4e8e1999\u5e74\u5f71\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u8be5\u65e5\u8bb0\uff0c\u738b\u8d35\u5ff1\u5148\u751f\u5bf9\u6ce8\u91ca\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u6821\u8ba2\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u7fc1\u540c\u9fa2\u65e5\u8bb0\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u4e2d\u6587\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6869\u5386\u53f2\u516c\u6848\u7684\u6709\u5173\u7ec6\u8282\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba1\u89c6\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u4ee5\u4e3a\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6709\u5173\u8bb0\u8f7d\u5c1a\u6709\u7eb0\u6f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u6e90\u5934\u7684\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u7591\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6e90\u8d77\u4e0e\u6d41\u884d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6709\u5173\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u6e90\u81ea\u4e8e\u4fc4\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u4eba\u6240\u5171\u77e5\u7684\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7acb\u8bba\u4f9d\u636e\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u6c99\u7687\u65f6\u4ee3\u8d22\u653f\u5927\u81e3\u7ef4\u7279\u4f2f\u7235(Count Witte)\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u3001\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u62ab\u9732\u7684\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u65b9\u9762\u4e0e\u9a7b\u534e\u5b98\u5458\u6536\u4e70\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u81e3\u7684\u5f80\u6765\u51fd\u7535\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u5b66\u8005\u9c8d\u91cc\u65af\u00b7\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u7f57\u7ef4\u5947\u00b7\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b(B.A.Romanov)\u9996\u5148\u5229\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u6c99\u4fc4\u8d22\u653f\u90e8\u6863\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u6700\u5148\u5411\u4e16\u4eba\u516c\u5f00\u62ab\u9732\u6b64\u4e8b\u7684\u662f\u7ef4\u7279\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u30021921\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u7ef4\u7279\u6b7b\u53bb6\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u7ecf\u7f8e\u7c4d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u4e9a\u4f2f\u62c9\u7f55\u00b7\u4e9a\u5c14\u83ab\u6797\u65af\u57fa(Abraham Yarmolisky)\u6574\u7406\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ef4\u7279\u624b\u7a3f\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u4f2f\u7235\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u300b\u9996\u5148\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u4ee5\u82f1\u6587\u51fa\u7248\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u8be5\u4e66\u4e2d\u8bd1\u672c\u4e8e1976\u5e74\u7531\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u7531\u5085\u6b63\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5f15\u8ff0\u7ef4\u7279\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u5747\u636e\u8be5\u7248\u672c\u3002\uff09\u3002\u636e\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u79f0\uff0c\u5728\u65c5\u5927\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a8\u52a8\u53cc\u65b9\u8fc5\u901f\u8fbe\u6210\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4fc4\u519b\u5f3a\u884c\u5360\u9886\u65c5\u987a\u53e3\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u6d41\u8840\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u66fe\u6307\u4f7f\u4fc4\u56fd\u8d22\u653f\u90e8\u9a7b\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c(D.D.Pokotilov)\u53bb\u89c1\u603b\u7406\u8859\u95e8\u5927\u81e3\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u548c\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u4eec\u529d\u8bf4\u6148\u79a7\u592a\u540e\u4e0e\u4fc4\u56fd\u65e9\u65e5\u8fbe\u6210\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u5141\u8bfa\u9988\u8d60\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u5404\u503c50\u4e07\u5362\u5e03\u548c25\u4e07\u5362\u5e03\u7684\u8d35\u91cd\u793c\u54c1\u3002\u7ef4\u7279\u5766\u7136\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u201c\u5728\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u529e\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u884c\u8d3f\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u4f2f\u7235\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u300b\uff0c\u5085\u6b63\u8bd1\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u99861976\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c79\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u66fe\u88ab\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u6536\u4e70\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u7531\u6b64\u4f20\u64ad\u5f00\u6765\u30021923\u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u88d4\u4fc4\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5f17\u62c9\u57fa\u7c73\u7f57\u7ef4\u5947\u00b7\u9ed1\u68ee(Hessen)\u6839\u636e\u7ef4\u7279\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u9057\u7a3f\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u624b\u5199\u7a3f\u548c\u6253\u5370\u7a3f\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u91cd\u65b0\u6574\u7406\u6210\u4e09\u5377\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5c14\u83ab\u6797\u65af\u57fa\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u8282\u8bd1\u672c\u8981\u5145\u5b9e\u548c\u8be6\u5c3d\u4e00\u4e9b\u30021923-1924\u5e74\u82cf\u8054\u56fd\u5185\u636e\u6b64\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4fc4\u6587\u7248\u7684\u7ef4\u7279\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u8be5\u7248\u672c\u7684\u4e2d\u8bd1\u672c\u53d6\u540d\u300a\u4fc4\u56fd\u672b\u4ee3\u6c99\u7687\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u4e8c\u4e16\u2014\u2014\u7ef4\u7279\u4f2f\u7235\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\u300b\uff0c\u7531\u5f20\u5f00\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u4e8e1983\u5e74\u548c1985\u5e74\u7531\u65b0\u534e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u5206\u4e24\u518c\u51fa\u7248\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u5173\u8d3f\u8d42\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u57fa\u672c\u4e0e\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u77e5\u662f\u5426\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u4e9a\u5c14\u83ab\u6797\u65af\u57fa\u6574\u7406\u7684\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u4f2f\u7235\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u300b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u82cf\u4fc4\u56fd\u5185\u4ee5\u6574\u7406\u520a\u5e03\u6c99\u7687\u65f6\u4ee3\u6863\u6848\u4e3a\u5b97\u65e8\u7684\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\uff08\u65e7\u8bd1\u4f5c\u300a\u8d64\u6863\u300b\uff09\u57281922\u5e74\u7b2c2\u5377\u516c\u5e03\u4e8621\u4ef6\u85cf\u4e8e\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u7684\u6863\u6848\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u6536\u4e70\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u81e3\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u548c\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u7684\u7535\u7a3f\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u7ec4\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u4e0e\u9a7b\u534e\u5b98\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f80\u6765\u51fd\u7535\u8868\u660e\uff0c1898\u5e74\u521d\u4fc4\u56fd\u9a7b\u534e\u4ee3\u529e\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\uff08Pavlov\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bd1\u4f5c\u5df4\u767e\u7f57\u798f\u6216\u5df4\u767e\u8bfa\u798f\uff09\u4e0e\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5148\u662f\u4e3a\u53d6\u5f97\u5bf9\u534e\u501f\u6b3e\u6743\u66fe\u5bf9\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u5229\u8bf1\uff0c\u8bb8\u8bfa\u5206\u522b\u9988\u8d6050\u4e07\u4e24\u548c20\u4e07\u4e24\u7684\u793c\u7269\uff1b\u540e\u6765\u53c8\u4e3a\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u5927\u4e4b\u4e8b\u518d\u6b21\u4e0e\u4e8c\u4eba\u201c\u4f5c\u673a\u5bc6\u8c08\u8bdd\u201d\uff0c\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u5047\u4f7f\u65c5\u987a\u53e3\u53ca\u5927\u8fde\u6e7e\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4fc4\u65b9\u6307\u5b9a\u671f\u95f4\u529e\u59a5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4fc4\u65b9\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u63aa\u65bd\u65f6\uff0c\u201c\u5f53\u5404\u916c\u4ed6\u4eec\u94f6\u4e94\u5341\u4e07\u4e24\u201d\u3002\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5f20\u84c9\u521d\u8bd1\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u4e09\u8054\u4e66\u5e971957\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c207\u9875\u3002\uff09\u6839\u636e\u7535\u51fd\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u79df\u501f\u534f\u5b9a\u7b7e\u8ba2\u540e\u7684\u6b21\u65e5\uff083\u670828\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u4ed8\u7ed9\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u94f650\u4e07\u4e24\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c209\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u8fd9\u5e749\u670821\u65e5\u620a\u620c\u653f\u53d8\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u201c\u5c1a\u672a\u652f\u6b3e\u7ed9\u4ed6\u201d\u300210\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u540c\u610f\u4ed8\u7ed9\u5df2\u5728\u6d41\u653e\u9014\u4e2d\u7684\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff08\u653f\u53d8\u540e\u88ab\u9769\u804c\u53d1\u914d\u65b0\u7586\uff091.5\u4e07\u4e24\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c211-212\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u59cb\u6863\u6848\u7684\u516c\u5e03\uff0c\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e0a\u4e3a\u7ef4\u7279\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u9996\u6b21\u62ab\u9732\u7684\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u589e\u6dfb\u4e86\u6709\u529b\u7684\u4f50\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fc4\u56fd\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u30021924\u5e74\uff0c\u9c8d\u00b7\u4e9a\u00b7\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u57fa\u91d1\u300b\u4e00\u6587\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u8be5\u6587\u520a\u8f7d\u4e8e\u300a\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u300b\uff08\u5f7c\u5f97\u683c\u52d2\uff0c\u4fc4\u6587\uff091924\u5e74\u7b2c1\u30012\u671f\u5408\u520a\uff0c\u7b2c77-126\u9875\u3002\u4e2d\u592e\u515a\u6821\u56fd\u9645\u6218\u7565\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5de6\u51e4\u8363\u5973\u58eb\u5728\u4fc4\u4ece\u4e8b\u5b66\u672f\u8bbf\u95ee\u671f\u95f4\u7279\u4ee3\u4e3a\u590d\u5236\u4e86\u6b64\u6587\uff1b\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u7cfb\u674e\u4f1f\u4e3d\u540c\u5b66\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e00\u5e76\u81f4\u4ee5\u8c22\u5ff1\u3002\uff09\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4fc4\u56fd\u8fdc\u4e1c\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ece1896\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u6c99\u4fc4\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fee\u5efa\u4e2d\u4e1c\u94c1\u8def\u53ca\u83b7\u5f97\u5728\u6ee1\u6d32\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8d3f\u8d42\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u65c5\u5927\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u5bf9\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u7684\u8d3f\u8d42\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u5bf91897-1898\u5e74\u95f4\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u5927\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4fc4\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8003\u8ff0\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u9009\u767b\u7684\u7535\u7a3f\u548c\u7ef4\u7279\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u5f15\u8bc1\u4e86\u8d22\u653f\u90e8\u603b\u52a1\u53f8\u6240\u85cf\u6c99\u7687\u65f6\u4ee3\u6863\u6848\u7b49\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u201c\u4e8e1898\u5e743\u670818\u65e5\uff08\u516c\u538630\u65e5\uff09\u4ed8\u7ed9\u4e86\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u516d\u5341\u4e07\u4e5d\u5343\u4e00\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u5362\u5e03\u4e94\u5341\u6208\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e8e1898\u5e745\u6708\u548c11\u6708\u4ed8\u7ed9\u4e86\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u4e94\u4e07\u4e00\u5343\u4e00\u767e\u4e03\u5341\u4e00\u5362\u5e03\u4e00\u6208\u6bd4\uff0c\u5171\u8ba1\u516d\u5341\u516d\u4e07\u4e8c\u767e\u4e5d\u5341\u4e00\u5362\u5e03\u4e94\u5341\u4e00\u6208\u6bd4\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u300b1924\u5e74\u7b2c1\u30012\u671f\u5408\u520a\uff0c\u7b2c124\u9875\u3002\uff09\u57281928\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u4fc4\u56fd\u5728\u6ee1\u6d32(1892-1906)\u300b\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u8be5\u4e66\u7531\u5217\u5b81\u683c\u52d2\u53f6\u52aa\u57fa\u6770\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u3002\uff09\u548c1947\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u65e5\u4fc4\u6218\u4e89\u5916\u4ea4\u53f2\u7eb2\u300b\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u8be5\u4e661947\u5e74\u7531\u82cf\u8054\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\uff0c1955\u5e74\u4fee\u8ba2\u518d\u7248\uff0c1976\u5e74\u636e\u4fee\u8ba2\u7248\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e2d\u8bd1\u672c\uff08\u4e0a\u6d77\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e1976\u5e74\u7248\uff09\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e2d\u8bd1\u672c\u5c06\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u4e24\u6b21\u4e00\u5171\u4ed8\u7ed9\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u7684\u603b\u989d\u8bef\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u5341\u4e94\u4e07\u4e00\u5343\u4e00\u767e\u4e03\u5341\u4e00\u5362\u5e03\u4e00\u6208\u6bd4\u201d\u3002\u89c1\u8be5\u4e66\u4e0a\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c144\u9875\uff0c\u6ce8\u91ca166\u3002\uff09\u4e24\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u91cd\u7533\u4e86\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u5728\u65c5\u5927\u79df\u501f\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u4eba\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u201c\u63a5\u53d7\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u8d3f\u8d42\u201d\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u738b\u5149\u79481928\u5e74\u7ffb\u8bd1\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u6e38\u4fc4\u7eaa\u4e8b\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7cfb\u8bd1\u8005\u6839\u636e\u5fb7\u6587\u672c\u7684\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u4f2f\u7235\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u300b\u4e2d\u56db\u7ae0\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u4fc4\u4ea4\u6d89\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6574\u7406\u7684\u3002\u5728\u4fc4\u56fd\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u5df2\u5229\u7528\u6863\u6848\u8d44\u6599\u5bf9\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76\u53d6\u5f97\u91cd\u8981\u8fdb\u5c55\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u624d\u521a\u521a\u4ece\u7ef4\u7279\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u95fb\u6240\u672a\u95fb\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u800c\u8a00\u5df2\u843d\u540e\u4e0d\u5c11\u3002\u8bd1\u8005\u5728\u53d9\u8a00\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u65c5\u987a\u5927\u8fde\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u7ef4\u6c0f\u5411\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u884c\u8d3f\u4e00\u4e8b\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u771f\u76f8\u4e0d\u660e\u3002\u60df\u636e\u53cb\u4eba\u4e2d\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\u5f53\u65f6\u53f2\u4e8b\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u8c13\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4f3c\u672a\u6536\u53d7\u6b64\u6b3e\uff1b\u6b27\u6218\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6e05\u7406\u534e\u4fc4\u9053\u80dc\u94f6\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u66fe\u6709\u534e\u4eba\u5b58\u6b3e\uff0c\u800c\u59d3\u540d\u4e0d\u53ef\u67e5\u8003\uff0c\u6216\u5373\u7cfb\u6b64\u9879\u6b3e\u5b50\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u53c8\u6709\u4eba\u7591\u6b64\u9879\u6b3e\u5b50\uff0c\u7cfb\u4e3a\u592a\u540e\u6240\u5f97\uff0c\u4e91\u4e91\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u9063\u620d\u65b0\u7586\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u95fb\u51fa\u4eac\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u5411\u4fc4\u4f7f\u7d22\u6b3e\u4e4b\u8bf4\uff0c\u5219\u9887\u8ff9\u8fd1\u5acc\u7591\u77e3\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u738b\u5149\u7948\u8bd1\uff1a\u300a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u6e38\u4fc4\u8bb0\u4e8b\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e1c\u5357\u4e66\u5e971928\u5e74\u7248\u3002\uff09\u4ece\u8bd1\u8005\u8c28\u614e\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8bba\u8bf4\u4e0d\u4e00\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5df2\u5728\u5c0f\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6709\u8fc7\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ef4\u7279\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u8282\u672c\u7684\u300a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u6e38\u4fc4\u7eaa\u4e8b\u300b\uff0c\u5bf9\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6d41\u4f20\u8d77\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u81f3\u4eca\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u4ecd\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u8f83\u65e9\u5173\u6ce8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u848b\u5ef7\u9efb\u30021929\u5e74\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u8bc4\u3008\u6e05\u53f2\u7a3f\u00b7\u90a6\u4ea4\u5fd7\u3009\u300b\u4e2d\u8bc4\u6790\u4fc4\u56fd\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u5927\u65f6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u79df\u65c5\u5927\u4e0e\u4fc4\uff0c\u5927\u534a\u56fa\u7531\u4e8e\u4fc4\u4eba\u5175\u529b\u4e4b\u538b\u8feb\uff0c\u5373\u300a\u90a6\u4ea4\u5fd7\u300b\u6240\u8c13\u8230\u961f\u5165\u65c5\u987a\u53e3\u7387\u5175\u767b\u5cb8\uff0c\u5175\u5c6f\u57ce\u5916\u8bf8\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u4e5f\u3002\u7136\u4e0d\u5c3d\u7136\u3002\u8fd1\u82cf\u4fc4\u653f\u5e9c\u6240\u53d1\u8868\u5e1d\u4fc4\u65f6\u4ee3\u5916\u4ea4\u516c\u6587\u4e2d\u6709\u4e8c\u7535\u7a3f\uff0c\u9887\u80fd\u8865\u543e\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u848b\u5ef7\u9efb\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\uff08\u5916\u4e09\u79cd\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u5cb3\u9e93\u4e66\u793e1987\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c105\u9875\u3002\u6b64\u6587\u6700\u65e9\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u5317\u6d77\u56fe\u4e66\u6708\u520a\u300b\u7b2c2\u5377\u7b2c6\u53f7\uff081929\u5e747\u6708\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5317\u5e73\uff09\u3002\uff09\u4e8e\u662f\u4ed6\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u53cd\u66201898\u5e743\u670821\u65e5\uff08\u4fc4\u53863\u67089\u65e5\uff09\u535a\u53ef\u7b1b\u6d1b\u592b\uff08\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\uff09\u79d8\u5bc6\u4f1a\u6664\u5e76\u5229\u8bf1\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u548c3\u670828\u65e5\uff08\u4fc4\u53863\u670816\u65e5\uff09\u4ea4\u94f6\u4e94\u5341\u4e07\u4e24\u7ed9\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u7684\u4e24\u4efd\u7535\u62a5\u52a0\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u848b\u5ef7\u9efb\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u6807\u660e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4efd\u7535\u7a3f\u201c\u9009\u81eaSteiger,China and Occident,1927,p71\u201d\uff08\u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\uff08\u5916\u4e09\u79cd\uff09\u300b\u7b2c105\u9875\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u62ab\u9732\u7684\u6709\u5173\u6750\u6599\u5df2\u53d7\u5230\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\uff09\u3002\u848b\u5ef7\u9efb\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6216\u8005\u674e\u6c0f\u4e4b\u610f\u4ee5\u65c5\u5927\u4e4b\u79df\u501f\u52bf\u4e0d\u80fd\u514d\uff0c\u4e94\u5341\u4e07\u4e4b\u5de8\u6b3e\u4f55\u59a8\u6536\u4e4b\u3002\u7136\u674e\u6c0f\u65e2\u4e0e\u4fc4\u56fd\u8ba2\u540c\u76df\u79d8\u7ea6\uff08\u6b64\u4e8b\u300a\u90a6\u4ea4\u5fd7\u300b\u4e0d\u63d0\uff0c\u7136\u5176\u4e3a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5219\u65e0\u53ef\u7591\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5df2\u5728\u534e\u5e9c\u53d1\u8868\u5176\u6761\u6b3e\u2014\u2014\u539f\u6ce8\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4fc4\u56fd\u53c8\u4ee5\u52a9\u534e\u9632\u62a4\u4e3a\u53e3\u5b9e\uff0c\u5219\u4fc4\u56fd\u788d\u96be\u5148\u4ee5\u6b66\u529b\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e8e\u5176\u6240\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\uff0c\u4fc4\u4eba\u4e4b\u4ee5\u5b9a\u7ea6\u5728\u9650\u671f\u672a\u6ee1\u4e4b\u5148\u4e3a\u7eb3\u8d3f\u4e4b\u6761\u4ef6\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u6545\u5373\u5728\u6e21\u8fc7\u6b64\u5916\u4ea4\u4e4b\u96be\u5173\u3002\u65c5\u5927\u4e4b\u4e27\u5931\u53f2\uff0c\u56fa\u4e0d\u5982\u300a\u90a6\u4ea4\u5fd7\u300b\u6240\u4f20\u4e4b\u7b80\u5355\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u848b\u5ef7\u9efb\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\uff08\u5916\u4e09\u79cd\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c105\u9875\u3002\uff09\u8a00\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f3c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u5b9e\u6709\u5176\u4e8b\u3002\u4ece\u76ee\u524d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u6750\u6599\u770b\uff0c\u848b\u5ef7\u9efb\u5e94\u662f\u9996\u6b21\u5229\u7528\u4fc4\u56fd\u6863\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u65c5\u5927\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u7591\u6848\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f15\u8d77\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u8005\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u30021935\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u9648\u606d\u7984\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u300b\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4fc4\u5360\u65c5\u5927\u4e8b\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u53ea\u5f15\u7528\u7ef4\u7279\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u53c2\u89c1\u9648\u606d\u7984\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u99861935\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c421\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u5176\u4ed6\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u4fc4\u5173\u7cfb\u53f2\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u5219\u57fa\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u6b64\u4e8b\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5982\u9648\u535a\u6587\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u4fc4\u5916\u4ea4\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1928\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u6587\u516c\u76f4\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u4fc4\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u5168\u90e8\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u76ca\u65b0\u4e66\u793e\uff0c1929\u5e74\uff09\u53ca\u4f55\u6c49\u6587\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u4fc4\u5916\u4ea4\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u4e2d\u534e\u4e66\u5c40\uff0c1935\u5e74\uff09\u7b49\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5747\u672a\u6d89\u53ca\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6216\u56e0\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u590d\u6742\u800c\u56de\u907f\u4e4b\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u539f\u56e0\u4e0d\u8be6\u3002\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u5927\u8fde\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u88ab\u4fc4\u56fd\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u6765\u56de\u6613\u624b4\u6b21\uff1f\"<\/p>\n

\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u88ab\u666e\u904d\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0e\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u300a\u4fc4\u56fd\u5728\u6ee1\u5dde(1892-1906)\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u51fa\u7248\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5173\u7cfb\u30021937\u5e74\u6c11\u803f\u5c06\u8be5\u4e66\u8bd1\u4e3a\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u7531\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u4e66\u540d\u4f5c\u300a\u5e1d\u4fc4\u4fb5\u7565\u6ee1\u6d32\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u848b\u5ef7\u9efb\u4e3a\u4e4b\u4f5c\u5e8f\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u73b0\u5728\u901a\u5e38\u89c1\u5230\u7684\u4e3a1980\u5e74\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u65b0\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u6613\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u4fc4\u56fd\u5728\u6ee1\u6d32(1892-1906)\u300b\uff0c\u8bd1\u8005\u4e3a\u9676\u6587\u948a\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u672c\u6587\u6240\u5f15\u5747\u636e\u8be5\u7248\u672c\u3002\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u524d\u4e24\u7ae0\u7531\u300a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u57fa\u91d1\u300b\u4e00\u6587\u6269\u5145\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u4e66\u4e2d\u9664\u8be6\u5c3d\u7814\u7a76\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u5927\u7684\u539f\u59d4\u5916\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4ee5\u6863\u6848\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u6307\u51fa1896\u5e74\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u8d74\u4fc4\u7b7e\u8ba2\u300a\u4e2d\u4fc4\u5bc6\u7ea6\u300b\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u5df2\u5bf9\u5176\u5b9e\u65bd\u6536\u4e70\u653f\u7b56\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u53c2\u89c1\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\uff1a\u300a\u4fc4\u56fd\u5728\u6ee1\u6d32(1892-1906)\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c106-107\u9875\u3002\u5173\u4e8e1896\u5e74\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u7b7e\u8ba2\u300a\u4e2d\u4fc4\u5bc6\u7ea6\u300b\u662f\u5426\u63a5\u53d7\u5de8\u989d\u8d3f\u8d42\uff0c\u5b66\u754c\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u6240\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u7a3f\u300b\u7b2c2\u5377\uff08\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e1984\u5e74\u7248\uff09\u5bf9\u6b64\u4f3c\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u5b58\u7591\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e66\u4e2d\u5c06\u6709\u5173\u4e89\u8bae\u653e\u5728\u9875\u4e0b\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e2d\u52a0\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\uff08\u89c1\u8be5\u4e66\u7b2c415\u9875\uff09\uff1b\u76f8\u6bd4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u540c\u4e66\u6709\u5173\u65c5\u5927\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u53d7\u8d3f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5219\u5728\u6b63\u6587\u4e2d\u53d9\u8ff0\uff08\u7b2c426\u9875\uff09\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6301\u80af\u5b9a\u610f\u89c1\u3002\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f971898\u5e74\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u4e4b\u4e8b\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u8fd9\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6269\u5927\u4e86\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u8bf4\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u4e5f\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u6240\u719f\u77e5\u3002\u4ee520\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u9648\u590d\u5149\u8457\u300a\u6709\u6e05\u4e00\u4ee3\u4e4b\u4e2d\u4fc4\u5173\u7cfb\u300b\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u672c\u4e66\u4e3a\u56fd\u7acb\u4e91\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u4e1b\u4e66\u4e59\u7c7b\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c1947\u5e748\u6708\u5728\u6606\u660e\u51fa\u7248\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u5b66\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u4ee5\u7ef4\u7279\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u53ca\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u9646\u7eed\u4e0a\u91c7\u7eb3\u4e86\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u30021949\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u5bf9\u6d0b\u52a1\u8fd0\u52a8\u53ca\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5426\u5b9a\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f1957\u5e74\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\u7684\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u65c5\u5927\u4ea4\u6d89\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u627f\u88ad\u4e86\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8457\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u5149\u7684\u300a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u5356\u56fd\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u5929\u6d25\uff1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e66\u5e97\uff0c1951\u5e74\uff09\u548c\u80e1\u6ee8\u7684\u300a\u5356\u56fd\u8d3c\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u65b0\u77e5\u8bc6\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1955\u5e74\uff09\u4e24\u672c\u5c0f\u518c\u5b50\u867d\u7cfb\u901a\u4fd7\u8bfb\u7269\uff0c\u5374\u9887\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u65f6\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u503e\u5411\u300260\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u4fc4\u5173\u7cfb\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u63a5\u53d7\u8fc7\u8d3f\u8d42\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u53ef\u53c2\u9605\u5085\u5b59\u94ed\u7b49\u8457\u300a\u6c99\u4fc4\u4fb5\u534e\u53f2\u7b80\u7f16\u300b\uff08\u5409\u6797\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1982\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u7cfb\u7f16\u300a\u6c99\u4fc4\u4fb5\u534e\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\u6d77\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1986\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u4e01\u540d\u6960\u7b49\u8457\u300a\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u4fb5\u534e\u53f2\u300b\u7b2c2\u5377\uff08\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1986\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u6768\u57f9\u65b0\u300a\u534e\u4fc4\u9053\u80dc\u94f6\u884c\u2014\u2014\u6c99\u4fc4\u4fb5\u534e\u5386\u53f2\u5185\u5e55\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1987\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7f16\u5199\u300a\u6c99\u4fc4\u4fb5\u534e\u53f2\u300b\u7b2c4\u5377\uff08\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1990\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u5d14\u4e15\u8457\u300a\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e1c\u5317\u4e9a\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u4e1c\u5317\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1992\u5e74\uff09\u7b49\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u6709\u5173\u8bba\u6587\u6709\u5218\u5b58\u5bbd\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u5e1d\u4fc4\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u5927\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u300b\uff08\u8f7d\u300a\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u7814\u7a761989\u5e74\u7b2c6\u671f\u300b\uff09\u3001\u5b54\u7965\u5409\u300a\u80f6\u5dde\u6e7e\u5371\u673a\u4e0e\u7ef4\u65b0\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u300b\uff08\u8f7d\u300a\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u300b1998\u5e74\u7b2c5\u671f\uff09\u7b49\u3002\uff09\u3002\u53f0\u6e7e\u53ca\u6d77\u5916\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u5927\u81f4\u76f8\u540c\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u8427\u4e00\u5c71\u8457\u300a\u6e05\u4ee3\u901a\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u53f0\u6e7e\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1972\u5e74\uff09\u8ff0\u53ca\u5149\u7eea\u524d\u671f\u4e4b\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u5916\u4ea4\u65f6\uff0c\u867d\u5bf9\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u53d7\u8d3f\u4e4b\u4e8b\u672a\u4f5c\u53ef\u5426\uff0c\u4ecd\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u7ef4\u7279\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u548c\u7f57\u8499\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u8bba\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u8be5\u4e66\uff0c\u7b2c1333-1336\u9875\uff09\u3002\u5434\u76f8\u6e58\u8457\u300a\u665a\u6e05\u5bab\u5ef7\u7eaa\u5b9e\u300b\uff08\u53f0\u5317\uff1b\u6b63\u4e2d\u4e66\u5c40\uff0c1973\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u9648\u5fd7\u5947\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5916\u4ea4\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5357\u5929\u4e66\u5c40\uff0c1993\u5e74\uff09\u4e5f\u90fd\u80af\u5b9a\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u6709\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3002\u8d39\u6b63\u6e05\u4e3b\u7f16\u300a\u5251\u6865\u4e2d\u56fd\u665a\u6e05\u53f2(1800-1911)\u300b\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7f16\u8bd1\u5ba4\u8bd1\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1985\u5e74\uff09\u4e0b\u5377\u7b2c2\u7ae0\u201c\u665a\u6e05\u7684\u5bf9\u5916\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u4e00\u8282\uff0c\u4ea6\u6301\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\uff08\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u7cfb\u7531\u5f90\u4e2d\u7ea6\u64b0\u5199\uff09\u3002\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u6d41\u4f20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u4fbf\u5c06\u4fe1\u5c06\u7591\uff0c\u524d\u5f15\u738b\u5149\u7948\u8bd1\u300a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u6e38\u4fc4\u7eaa\u4e8b\u300b\u53d9\u8a00\u4e2d\u5373\u6709\u53cd\u6620\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ece\u4e8b\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u53ca\u6d0b\u52a1\u8fd0\u52a8\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u5bf9\u674e\u6c0f\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u516c\u5f00\u8868\u793a\u6000\u7591\u3002\u53f0\u6e7e\u5b66\u8005\u96f7\u7984\u5e86\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7ef4\u7279\u6240\u8bf4\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u4e4b\u8a00\u201c\u4f3c\u5c5e\u865a\u5984\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u96f7\u7984\u5e86\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u5e74\u8c31\u300b\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u99861977\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c591\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u5df2\u6545\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u9648\u65ed\u9e93\u5148\u751f\u57281988\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8a00\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u53d7\u8d3f\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5b9e\u8bc1\u6027\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u6b8a\u96be\u6839\u636e\u201c\u5b64\u8bc1\u201d\u4f5c\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u5982\u679c\u7ef4\u7279\u6240\u8bf4\u5c5e\u5b9e\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5f88\u96be\u6d17\u6e05\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u7684\u5356\u56fd\u8d3c\u7f6a\u540d\u201d\u3002\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u9648\u65ed\u9e93\uff1a\u300a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\uff1a\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5316\u8fc8\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u300b\uff08\u4ee3\u5e8f\uff09\uff0c\u89c1\u5468\u519b\u3001\u6768\u96e8\u6da6\u4e3b\u7f16\u300a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5316\u300b\uff08\u5b89\u5fbd\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1989\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c4\u9875\u3002\uff09\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6000\u7591\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u8c28\u614e\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8881\u4f1f\u65f6\u3001\u4f59\u660e\u4fa0\u5219\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u786e\u5730\u5bf9\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u8bf4\u4e88\u4ee5\u5426\u5b9a\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u53c2\u89c1\u8881\u4f1f\u65f6\uff1a\u300a\u665a\u6e05\u5927\u53d8\u5c40\u4e2d\u7684\u601d\u6f6e\u4e0e\u4eba\u7269\u300b\uff0c\u6d77\u5929\u51fa\u7248\u793e1992\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c318\u9875\uff1b\u4f59\u660e\u4fa0\uff1a\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u63a5\u53d7\u4fc4\u56fd\u8d3f\u8d42\u51fa\u5356\u4e1c\u5317\u94c1\u8def\u6743\u76ca\u4e00\u4e8b\u7684\u8fa8\u6790\u300b\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u6c88\u5bc2\u7b49\u4e3b\u7f16\u300a\u5f71\u54cd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u5b89\u5fbd\u4eba\u300b\uff0c\u9ec4\u5c71\u4e66\u793e1994\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c90\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u603b\u4f53\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f02\u8bae\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56f4\u7ed5\u5bf9\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u5c06\u674e\u5728\u65c5\u5927\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u4e0e\u4ed61896\u5e74\u7b7e\u8ba2\u300a\u4e2d\u4fc4\u5bc6\u7ea6\u300b\u65f6\u7684\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u5acc\u7591\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u8bc4\u5224\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5927\u591a\u4ecd\u505c\u7559\u4e8e\u8bba\u70b9\u7684\u7533\u8ff0\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8bba\u8bc1\u663e\u5f97\u4e0d\u591f\u6709\u529b\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u75c7\u7ed3\u653e\u5728\u7ef4\u7279\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\uff08\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e76\u4e0d\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff09\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e3a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u8fa9\u89e3\uff0c\u5b9e\u5219\u672a\u5207\u8981\u5bb3\u3002\u5f52\u6839\u5230\u5e95\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4ecd\u5728\u4e8e\u4fc4\u56fd\u6863\u6848\u8bb0\u8f7d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4fe1\u3002\u5c31\u5df2\u77e5\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4fc4\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u7ef4\u7279\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u548c\u6863\u6848\u8d44\u6599\uff09\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u5f7c\u6b64\u662f\u6709\u51fa\u5165\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f88\u5c11\u53d7\u5230\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u6240\u520a\u51fd\u7535\u8868\u660e\uff0c1898\u5e74\u6625\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u66fe\u4e24\u6b21\u4e0e\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u201c\u5bc6\u8c08\u201d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u5229\u8bf1\uff1b\u5176\u4e2d\u5141\u8bfa\u9988\u8d60\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u540450\u4e07\u4e24\u548c20\u4e07\u4e24\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u501f\u6b3e\u4ea4\u6d89\uff08\u56e0\u501f\u6b3e\u672a\u6210\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u5e76\u672a\u652f\u4ed8\uff09\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4e3a\u65c5\u5927\u4ea4\u6d89\u53c8\u8bb8\u8bfa\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4eba50\u4e07\u4e24\u3002\u7ef4\u7279\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u5219\u79f0\u5411\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u5141\u8bfa\u9988\u8d60\u5404\u503c50\u4e07\u5362\u5e03\u548c25\u4e07\u5362\u5e03\u7684\u8d35\u91cd\u793c\u54c1\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fc3\u6210\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u5927\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4f3c\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5c06\u501f\u6b3e\u4e0e\u79df\u5730\u4e8c\u4e8b\u6df7\u6dc6\u4e86\u3002\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u9009\u767b\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u6863\u6848\u4e0e\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u5728\u300a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u57fa\u91d1\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u5f15\u8d22\u653f\u90e8\u6863\u6848\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\uff1a\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u5bc6\u7535\u4e2d\u79f0\u81f31898\u5e749\u6708\u5c1a\u672a\u4ed8\u6b3e\u7ed9\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff1b\u540c\u5e7410\u6708\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u540c\u610f\u652f\u4ed8\u5f201.5\u4e07\u4e24\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u8d22\u653f\u90e8\u6863\u6848\u4e2d\u8bb0\u8f7d5\u6708\u548c11\u6708\u4e24\u6b21\u4ed8\u7ed9\u5f20\u201c\u4e94\u4e07\u4e00\u5343\u4e00\u767e\u4e03\u5341\u4e00\u5362\u5e03\u4e00\u6208\u6bd4\u201d\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e5f\u660e\u663e\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u53ef\u80fd\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u4f5c\u51fa\u8fc7\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6750\u6599\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u6709\u5173\u65c5\u5927\u79df\u501f\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u6e05\u5ef7\u5b98\u5458\u662f\u5426\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8e\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u53ea\u662f\u88ab\u9644\u5e26\u63d0\u53ca\uff08\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5f20\u6c0f\u4e0e\u665a\u6e05\u5916\u4ea4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5f88\u5c11\u53d7\u5230\u91cd\u89c6\u6709\u5173\uff09\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u503e\u5411\u6709\u5931\u504f\u9887\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u520a\u884c\u7684\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u300a\u620a\u620c\u65e5\u8bb0\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\u6b63\u53ef\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u5256\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u96be\u5f97\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u60c5\u51b5\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u501f\u6b3e\u8c08\u5224\u4e2d\u7684\u6536\u4e70\u6d3b\u52a8<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u7591\u6848\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e2d\u4fc4\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c\u4e92\u8bc1\u3002\u5df2\u77e5\u53cd\u6620\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u7684\u4fc4\u56fd\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u520a\u8f7d\u539f\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4ed6\u672a\u516c\u5f00\u62ab\u9732\u7684\u6863\u6848\u8d44\u6599\uff08\u5982\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u67e5\u9605\u7684\u6c99\u4fc4\u65f6\u4ee3\u8d22\u653f\u90e8\u6863\u6848\u53ca\u5217\u5b81\u683c\u52d2\u4e2d\u592e\u5386\u53f2\u6863\u6848\u9986\u6240\u85cf\u6863\u6848\u6587\u732e\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e0d\u540c\u85cf\u5904\u7684\u4fc4\u56fd\u6863\u6848\u8fdb\u884c\u7efc\u5408\u6574\u7406\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u540c\u5e76\u4f5c\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u4e0e\u4e2d\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u4e92\u8bc1\u7814\u7a76\u5e76\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u5404\u79cd\u4fc4\u56fd\u6863\u6848\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u3002\u672c\u6587\u53ea\u80fd\u5c31\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u7684\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u8f7d21\u4ef6\u51fd\u7535\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u4e2d\u6587\u6587\u732e\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8fdb\u884c\u8003\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u51fd\u7535\u5e76\u975e\u90fd\u4e0e\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u5927\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u4ece\u5185\u5bb9\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u7535\u4e2d\u7b2c1\u4ef6\u5230\u7b2c6\u4ef6\u4e0e\u501f\u6b3e\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u5173\uff1b\u7b2c7\u4ef6\u5230\u7b2c18\u4ef6\u4e0e\u65c5\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u5173\uff1b\u6700\u540e3\u4ef6\u51fd\u7535\u672c\u8eab\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u79df\u6e2f\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u53f2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u5b66\u8005\u4ecd\u8054\u7cfb\u524d\u8005\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u6d89\u53ca\u65c5\u5927\u79df\u501f\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u91ca\u8bfb\u6050\u6709\u7eb0\u6f0f\uff08\u8be6\u89c1\u540e\u6587\uff09\u3002\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u6253\u7b97\u8d3f\u8d42\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u662f\u4ece\u501f\u6b3e\u95ee\u9898\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u65c5\u5927\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u7684\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u95ee\u9898\u4ea6\u5f53\u7531\u6b64\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u65b9\u53ef\u6e05\u7406\u51fa\u4e8b\u6001\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8109\u7edc\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6839\u636e\u300a\u9a6c\u5173\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u8d54\u507f\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u4e8c\u4e07\u4e07\u4e24\u5e93\u5e73\u94f6\uff0c\u987b\u5206\u4f5c\u516b\u6b21\u4ea4\u5b8c\u3002\u9664\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u672a\u507f\u4e4b\u6b3e\u201c\u6309\u5e74\u52a0\u6bcf\u767e\u62bd\u4e94\u4e4b\u606f\u201d\u3002\u5728\u8d54\u6b3e\u507f\u6e05\u524d\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u961f\u6682\u4f4f\u5a01\u6d77\u536b\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u9a7b\u519b\u8d39\u4e94\u5341\u4e07\u4e24\u4ea6\u7531\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u627f\u62c5\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u65e5\u65b9\u53c8\u540c\u610f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u6362\u7ea6\u4e09\u5468\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u80fd\u591f\u5168\u90e8\u507f\u6e05\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u201c\u9664\u5c06\u5df2\u4ed8\u4e24\u5e74\u534a\u5229\u606f\uff0c\u4e8e\u5e94\u4ed8\u672c\u94f6\u6263\u4ed8\u5916\uff0c\u4f59\u4ecd\u8272\u6570\u514d\u606f\u201d\u3002\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u738b\u94c1\u5d16\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u5916\u65e7\u7ea6\u7ae0\u6c47\u7f16\u300b\u7b2c1\u518c\uff0c\u4e09\u8054\u4e66\u5e971957\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c615\u9875\u3002\uff09\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e00\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e2d\u65b9\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u57281898\u5e745\u67088\u65e5\u524d\u507f\u6e05\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u7701\u606f\u4e00\u5343\u591a\u4e07\u4e24\uff0c\u53ca\u9a7b\u5a01\u6d77\u536b\u7684\u519b\u8d39150\u4e07\u4e24\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u57281895\u5e74\u4fc4\u6cd5\u501f\u6b3e\u548c1896\u5e74\u82f1\u5fb7\u501f\u6b3e\u540e\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u7b79\u63aa\u65b0\u7684\u5916\u503a\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u57281898\u5e745\u67088\u65e5\u4e00\u4e3e\u5168\u90e8\u507f\u6e05\u5bf9\u65e5\u8d54\u6b3e\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u65f6\u95f4\u5145\u88d5\u6216\u53ef\u514d\u53d7\u5916\u4eba\u8981\u631f\uff0c\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u915d\u917f\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u501f\u6b3e\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5374\u662f1897\u5e74\u6625\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6b64\u524d\u5b9e\u9645\u8d1f\u8d23\u5bf9\u5916\u501f\u6b3e\u4e8b\u5b9c\u7684\u6237\u90e8\u5de6\u4f8d\u90ce\u3001\u603b\u7406\u8859\u95e8\u5927\u81e3\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u884c\u4e3a\u7279\u4f7f\u51fa\u8bbf\u82f1\u56fd\u53c2\u52a0\u82f1\u5973\u738b\u767b\u57fa60\u5468\u5e74\u5e86\u5178\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u65b0\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u501f\u6b3e\u7531\u5165\u503c\u603b\u7f72\u4e0d\u4e45\u7684\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u6765\u63a5\u624b\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u5e74\u590f\u5929\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u5148\u540e\u4e0e\u6c47\u4e30\u94f6\u884c\u3001\u547c\u5229\uff0d\u8a79\u609f\u58eb\u516c\u53f8\u7b49\u5916\u5546\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u5217\u5f3a\u4e4b\u95f4\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u82f1\u3001\u4fc4\uff09\u4e3a\u4e89\u593a\u501f\u6b3e\u6743\u660e\u4e89\u6697\u6597\uff0c\u52a0\u4e4b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5916\u56fd\u94f6\u884c\u6761\u4ef6\u82db\u523b\uff0c\u5904\u5904\u4f5c\u6897\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u501f\u6b3e\u8c08\u5224\u65cb\u8bae\u65cb\u505c\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fd9\u5e7411\u6708\u5fb7\u56fd\u5f3a\u5360\u80f6\u5dde\u6e7e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u501f\u6b3e\u4ecd\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u843d\u5b9e\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u5df2\u56de\u56fd\u7684\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u4e5f\u5bf9\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u7684\u501f\u6b3e\u7b56\u7565\u591a\u6709\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u4e8c\u4eba\u610f\u89c1\u5206\u6b67\u65e5\u76ca\u52a0\u5927\u30021897\u5e7412\u670814\u65e5\uff0c\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u901a\u8fc7\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u5411\u7ef4\u7279\u63d0\u51fa\u501f\u6b3e\u4e00\u4e07\u4e07\u4e24\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4fc4\u65b9\u8d81\u673a\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u82db\u523b\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u906d\u5230\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u5185\u90e8\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7136\u3002\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u4f01\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u8d3f\u8d42\u624b\u6bb5\u53d6\u5f97\u501f\u6b3e\u6743\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u636e\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\uff0c1898\u5e741\u670820\u65e5\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u81f4\u7535\u7ef4\u7279\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u501f\u6b3e\u4e0a\u7684\u8fdf\u7f13\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u6709\u5f88\u5389\u5bb3\u7684\u9634\u8c0b\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5927\u81e3\u4e0d\u613f\u4f7f\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u529e\u7406\u6b64\u4e8b\u3002\u53e6\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u6839\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5047\u5b9a\uff0c\u82f1\u4eba\u5728\u6210\u7acb\u501f\u6b3e\u65f6\u5141\u7ed9\u5927\u81e3\u91cd\u5927\u8d3f\u8d42\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c204\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4efd\u7535\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u900f\u9732\u4e86\u4e24\u5c42\u610f\u601d\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u603b\u7406\u8859\u95e8\u4e2d\u6709\u4eba\u201c\u4e0d\u613f\u4f7f\u201d\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u529e\u7406\u501f\u6b3e\uff08\u6b64\u4eba\u5e94\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5f20\u501f\u82f1\u6b3e\u7684\u5f20\u836b\u6052\uff09\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u4e3a\u4f7f\u501f\u6b3e\u6210\u529f\u51c6\u5907\u4f7f\u7528\u8d3f\u8d42\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d88\u606f\u663e\u7136\u5bf9\u4fc4\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6709\u6240\u89e6\u52a8\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u65b9\u9762\u4fbf\u6307\u793a\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5982\u679c\u201c\u52d8\u914c\u5f53\u5730\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8981\u6210\u7acb\u5bf9\u4fc4\u501f\u6b3e\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8bdd\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0e\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u5171\u540c\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u201c\u5728\u534e\u4fc4\u9053\u80dc\u94f6\u884c\u5b58\u6b3e\u4e2d\u62e8\u51fa\u767e\u4e07\u5362\u5e03\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u81e3\u79d8\u5bc6\u9001\u793c\u4e4b\u7528\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c204\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u636e\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u4e0e\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e8c\u4eba\u5148\u540e\u79d8\u5bc6\u7ea6\u89c1\u4e86\u603b\u7406\u8859\u95e8\u5927\u81e3\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff0c\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u6e38\u8bf4\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53ea\u8981\u4fc3\u6210\u4e2d\u56fd\u5411\u4fc4\u501f\u6b3e\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u8bb8\u4ee550\u4e07\u4e24\u548c20\u4e07\u4e24\u7684\u916c\u8c22\uff1b\u6237\u90e8\u5c1a\u4e66\u7fc1\u540c\u9fa2\u5219\u62d2\u7edd\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u9762\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u60c5\u51b5\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ece\u4e2d\u65b9\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u8bc1\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u636e\u4fc4\u65b9\u7535\u51fd\u79f0\uff0c1\u670823\u65e5\u665a\u749e\u3001\u5df4\u201c\u6781\u79d8\u5bc6\u5730\u201d\u5c06\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u8bf7\u5230\u4fc4\u4f7f\u9986\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u4ed6\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u4fc3\u6210\u4e2d\u56fd\u5411\u4fc4\u56fd\u501f\u6b3e\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u5f53\u916c\u94f650\u4e07\u4e24\u3002\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u4e3b\u8981\u56f0\u96be\u5728\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5efa\u8bae\u6309\u5341\u8db3\u6570\u501f\u6b3e\uff0c\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u507f\u6e05\uff0c\u5e74\u606f\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u56db\u201d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4fc4\u65b9\u540c\u610f\u4e5f\u6309\u5341\u8db3\u6570\u501f\u6b3e\uff0c\u201c\u591a\u534a\u80fd\u6210\u4ea4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u6237\u90e8\u6781\u6709\u8bf1\u60d1\u529b\u201d\u3002\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u5fc5\u987b\u7acb\u5373\u6d3e\u9063\u8bb8\u666f\u6f84\uff08\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u9a7b\u5fb7\u516c\u4f7f\u2014\u2014\u5f15\u8005\uff09\u81f3\u5723\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u201d\u5546\u8bae\u501f\u6b3e\uff0c\u674e\u201c\u7b54\u5e94\u5bf9\u6b64\u91c7\u53d6\u529e\u6cd5\u201d\u3002\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c205\u9875\u3002\uff09\u76ee\u524d\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u5c1a\u65e0\u76f4\u63a5\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e0e\u4fc4\u4eba\u6709\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6b21\u5bc6\u8c08\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ece\u7fc1\u540c\u9fa2\u4e0e\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u65e5\u8bb0\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u8fc7\u3002\u7fc1\u6c0f1\u670824\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u672a\u521d\u5230\u603b\u7f72\uff0c\u4e24\u90b8\uff08\u606d\u4eb2\u738b\u5955\ue844\u3001\u5e86\u4eb2\u738b\u5955\u52bb\u2014\u2014\u5f15\u8005\uff0c\u4e0b\u540c\uff09\u8bf8\u516c\u6bd5\u81f3\u3002\u4fc4\u4f7f\u5df4\u767e\u7f57\u798f\u6765\uff0c\u79f0\u5949\u56fd\u7535\uff0c\u501f\u6b3e\u82e5\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u501f\u4fc4\u800c\u501f\u82f1\uff0c\u4f0a\u56fd\u5fc5\u95ee\u7f6a\uff0c\u81f4\u5927\u4e3a\u96be\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3002\u53c8\u6781\u8a00\u82f1\u6b3e\u4e07\u4e0d\u53ef\u501f\uff0c\u5c06\u4ee5\u57c3\u53ca\u5f85\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e3\u3002\u8fa9\u8bba\u4e00\u65f6\u4e4b\u4e45\uff0c\u800c\u82f1\u4f7f\u7aa6\u7eb3\u4e50\u6765\uff0c\u606d\u90b8\u5148\u5f80\u6664\u4e4b\uff0c\u4f59\u4e0e\u5e86\u90b8\u3001\u8363\uff08\u7984\uff09\u3001\u656c\uff08\u4fe1\uff09\u3001\u5d07\uff08\u793c\uff09\u3001\u5ed6\uff08\u5bff\u6052\uff09\u52c9\u652f\u5df4\u4f7f\u9000\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u9648\u4e49\u6770\u6574\u7406\u300a\u7fc1\u540c\u6032\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u7b2c6\u518c\uff0c\u4e2d\u534e\u4e66\u5c401998\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c3086\u9875\u3002\uff09\u5f53\u65f6\u7fc1\u3001\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u4e0e\u8363\u7984\u3001\u656c\u4fe1\u3001\u5d07\u793c\u3001\u5ed6\u5bff\u6052\uff0c\u53ca\u8bb8\u5e94\u9a99\u5747\u4e3a\u603b\u7406\u8859\u95e8\u5927\u81e3\u3002\u540c\u65e5\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u536f\u521d\u5e38\u719f\uff08\u7fc1\u540c\u9fa2\uff09\u51fd\u7ea6\u65e9\u5230\u7f72\u5546\u501f\u6b3e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e24\u90b8\u5341\u5802\u5e76\u5230\uff0c\u5b9c\u6709\u786e\u8bba\u3002\u53ca\u6664\uff0c\u5e38\u719f\u4f3c\u5fd8\u5374\u65e9\u95f4\u6765\u51fd\uff0c\u6f20\u65e0\u6240\u8a00\u3002\u5c11\u9877\uff0c\u4fc4\u3001\u82f1\u4f7f\u5148\u540e\u81f3\u3002\u4f59\u63a5\u6664\u82f1\u4f7f\uff0c\u4e24\u90b8\u7eed\u6765\u6664\uff0c\u5e76\u65e0\u6210\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u6b22\u800c\u53bb\u3002\u4fc4\u4f7f\u4ea6\u5982\u662f\u4e91\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff1a\u300a\u620a\u620c\u65e5\u8bb0\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c2-3\u9875\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u7fc1\u3001\u5f20\u4e24\u4eba\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u770b\uff0c\u603b\u7406\u8859\u95e8\u5f88\u91cd\u89c6\u8fd9\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u4f1a\u6664\uff0c\u201c\u4e24\u90b8\u5341\u5802\u5e76\u5230\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u53d7\u5230\u82f1\u3001\u4fc4\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u501f\u6b3e\u4e4b\u4e8b\u201c\u5e76\u65e0\u6210\u8bf4\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u201c\u52c9\u652f\u5df4\u4f7f\u53bb\u201d\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u5728\u4f1a\u8c08\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u5374\u7535\u544a\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u4eca\u5929\u5728\u603b\u7406\u8859\u95e8\u5185\u5df2\u786e\u4f7f\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e0e\u7fc1\u540c\u9fa2\u663e\u7136\u8f6c\u5230\u6709\u5229\u6211\u56fd\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u201d\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u201c\u6628\u5929\u201d\u79d8\u5bc6\u5730\u4e0e\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4f1a\u9762\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c204-205\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u662f\u7ed9\u4e0a\u7ea7\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\u4e4b\u8bcd\u3002\u4ece\u7fc1\u3001\u5f20\u5f53\u65f6\u65e5\u8bb0\u91cc\u5b9e\u5728\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u674e\u3001\u7fc1\u6709\u4f55\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u5728\u524d\u4e00\u5929\u665a\u4e0a\u5bf9\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u6709\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u662f\u603b\u7f72\u5927\u81e3\u4e2d\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u5728\u80f6\u5dde\u6e7e\u3001\u65c5\u5927\u4ea4\u6d89\u524d\u540e\u4ed6\u7684\u4eb2\u82f1\u503e\u5411\u5341\u5206\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u4e0e\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u65f6\u6709\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u672a\u5fc5\u80fd\u5f7b\u5e95\u626d\u8f6c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4fc4\u56fd\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u8bbe\u6cd5\u63a5\u8fd1\u8fd9\u4f4d\u603b\u7f72\u4e2d\u5b9e\u6743\u4eba\u7269\u8fd8\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u300226\u65e5\u665a\uff0c\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u3001\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u4e0e\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u79d8\u5bc6\u4f1a\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ece\u5f20\u65e5\u8bb0\u201c\u81f3\u4fc4\u9986\u4e00\u8c08\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff1a\u300a\u620a\u620c\u65e5\u8bb0\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c5\u9875\u3002\uff09\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u53ef\u60dc\u8c08\u8bdd\u5185\u5bb9\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e2d\u6beb\u65e0\u53cd\u6620\u3002\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u79f0\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u201c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u201d\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u201c\u5728\u6b64\u4e8b\u53ca\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u4fe1\u4efb\u4ed6\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c206\u9875\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u8f9e\u4ee4\u6050\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u5f20\u5df2\u88ab\u6536\u4e70\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u5728\u603b\u7406\u8859\u95e8\u4e2d\u4e0e\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u5927\u5531\u53cd\u8c03\uff0c\u529b\u4e3b\u501f\u82f1\u6b3e\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u82f1\u5fb7\u7eed\u501f\u6b3e\u5373\u662f\u5728\u4ed6\u4e0e\u8d6b\u5fb7\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u64cd\u7eb5\u4e0b\u8fbe\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u60c5\u51b5\u770b\uff0c\u5728\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u4e89\u593a\u5bf9\u534e\u501f\u6b3e\u6743\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u786e\u66fe\u6709\u8fc7\u501f\u52a9\u8d3f\u8d42\u624b\u6bb5\u8fbe\u5230\u501f\u6b3e\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ece\u4e2d\u6587\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u57fa\u672c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76\u672a\u594f\u6548\u3002\u7a76\u5176\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u82f1\u3001\u4fc4\u660e\u4e89\u6697\u6597\uff0c\u90fd\u5411\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u65bd\u52a0\u5f3a\u5927\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u603b\u7406\u8859\u95e8\u611f\u5230\u5de6\u53f3\u4e3a\u96be\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6e05\u5ef7\u5185\u90e8\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u59a5\u534f\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5546\u8bae\uff0c\u603b\u7406\u8859\u95e8\u4e8e1\u670827\u65e5\u5411\u82f1\u3001\u4fc4\u63d0\u8bae\u5404\u501f5000\u4e07\u4e24\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u5e73\u606f\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4eb2\u62df\u81f4\u8bb8\u666f\u6f84\u7535\uff0c\u544a\u4ee5\u201c\u4eca\u4e3a\u8c03\u505c\u8ba1\uff0c\u62df\u5404\u501f\u4e00\u534a\u4e94\u5343\u4e07\uff0c\u4ee5\u5168\u4e24\u56fd\u4f53\u9762\u4ea4\u60c5\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\uff1a\u81f4\u8bb8\u4f7f\uff08\u5149\u7eea\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u5e74\u6b63\u6708\u521d\u516d\u65e5\u7533\u523b\uff09\uff0c\u89c1\u987e\u5ef7\u9f99\u3001\u53f6\u4e9a\u5ec9\u4e3b\u7f16\u300a\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u5168\u96c6\u00b7\u7535\u7a3f\u4e09\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e1987\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c815-816\u9875\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u4ee4\u8bb8\u9a70\u5f80\u4fc4\u90fd\u5546\u8c08\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u82f1\u3001\u4fc4\u90fd\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u5411\u5bf9\u65b9\u501f\u6b3e\uff0c\u4e8b\u6001\u9042\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u50f5\u5c40\u3002\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u8d3f\u8d42\u6e05\u5ef7\u5b98\u5458\u53d6\u5f97\u501f\u6b3e\u6743\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u6700\u7ec8\u5316\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ce1\u5f71\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u5f3a\u79df\u65c5\u5927\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u6536\u4e70\u201d\u6d3b\u52a8<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8bc1\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6587\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u520a\u8f7d\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u65c5\u5927\u79df\u501f\u7684\u51fd\u7535\u5219\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u3002\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u4e0e\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u4e3a\u4f55\u8003\u8651\u5728\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u4f7f\u7528\u8d3f\u8d42\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u65b9\u9762\u8bf7\u793a\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u539f\u59d4\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\uff08\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5317\u4eac\u4e0e\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u7535\u8c08\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u672a\u80fd\u5168\u90e8\u62ab\u9732\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e2d\u6587\u8bd1\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u5168\u90e8\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1b\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u5f15\u8bc1\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u90e8\u6863\u6848\u4e2d\u540c\u6837\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\uff09\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u6240\u8f7d\u51fd\u7535\u4e2d\u6700\u65e9\u56e0\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u5927\u51b3\u5b9a\u6536\u4e70\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u7684\u5bc6\u7535\u662f1898\u5e743\u670821\u65e5\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u4fc4\u7b7e\u8ba2\u79df\u501f\u6761\u7ea6\u662f\u57283\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u53ea\u9694\u4e00\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u7ef4\u7279\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u8fd8\u662f\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u90fd\u80af\u5b9a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u671f\u9650\u5185\uff0c\u56e0\u5411\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u548c\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u8bb8\u4ee5\u91cd\u91d1\uff0c\u624d\u626d\u8f6c\u4e86\u5c40\u9762\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u79df\u501f\u6761\u7ea6\u7684\u987a\u5229\u7b7e\u8ba2\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u56e0\u4fc4\u519b\u5f3a\u884c\u767b\u9646\u800c\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u6de1\u5316\u4e86\u4fc4\u8230\u5df2\u5f00\u5165\u65c5\u5927\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5938\u5927\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u5b9e\u9645\u6240\u80fd\u8d77\u5230\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u4fe1\u6027\u503c\u5f97\u5546\u69b7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57281897\u5e74\u5e95\u52301898\u5e74\u521d\u7684\u4e2d\u4fc4\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\uff0c\u501f\u6b3e\u4e0e\u79df\u6e2f\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u59cb\u7ec8\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u65e9\u57281897\u5e7411\u670823\u65e5\uff0c\u5373\u80f6\u5dde\u6e7e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u5927\u81e3\u7a46\u62c9\u7ef4\u7ea6\u592b\uff08Mouraviev\uff09\u4fbf\u63d0\u8bae\u201c\u7528\u8230\u961f\u5360\u9886\u201d\u8fbd\u4e1c\u534a\u5c9b\u7684\u5927\u8fde\u6e7e\u3002\u8d77\u521d\uff0c\u5728\u4fc4\u56fd\u8fdc\u4e1c\u5916\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e0a\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u53d1\u8a00\u6743\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u5927\u81e3\u7ef4\u7279\u6781\u529b\u8868\u793a\u53cd\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u60f3\u5360\u9886\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6d77\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53cd\u5bf9\u201c\u5f3a\u5360\u201d\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u7a46\u62c9\u7ef4\u7ea6\u592b\u5bf9\u7ef4\u7279\u957f\u671f\u67d3\u6307\u8fdc\u4e1c\u4e8b\u52a1\u3001\u8fc7\u591a\u5e72\u9884\u81ea\u5df1\u804c\u6743\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u751a\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5185\u90e8\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u663e\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6c99\u7687\u5168\u529b\u652f\u6301\u6b66\u529b\u5360\u9886\u65c5\u5927\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u5f88\u5feb\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u652f\u6301\u7a46\u62c9\u7ef4\u7ea6\u592b\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ed6\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5949\u884c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u548c\u5e73\u201d\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u91c7\u7528\u7a0d\u5fae\u7f13\u548c\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u8fbe\u5230\u79df\u501f\u519b\u6e2f\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u300212\u670816\u65e5\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u8230\u961f\u4ee5\u540c\u76df\u8005\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u5f00\u5165\u65c5\u987a\u53e3\uff0c\u4fc4\u65b9\u58f0\u79f0\u8fd9\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4e00\u4fdf\u80f6\u5dde\u4e8b\u4ef6\u89e3\u51b3\u5f53\u5373\u64a4\u9000\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4e0e\u5fb7\u56fd\u76f8\u4e92\u52fe\u7ed3\uff0c\u4ee5\u627f\u8ba4\u5fb7\u5360\u9886\u80f6\u5dde\u6e7e\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6362\u53d6\u4e86\u5bf9\u65b9\u5bf9\u5360\u9886\u65c5\u5927\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u4e0e\u82f1\u3001\u65e5\u4e24\u56fd\u8ba8\u4ef7\u8fd8\u4ef7\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u9ed8\u5951\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u65b9\u9762\u6743\u8861\u5229\u5f0a\u540e\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u81ea\u884c\u653e\u5f03\u5bf9\u534e\u501f\u6b3e\uff0c\u5bf9\u82f1\u56fd\u8ba9\u6b65\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u6446\u51fa\u4e86\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u201c\u6548\u52b3\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u59ff\u6001\u3002\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u5411\u603b\u7f72\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u613f\u610f\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6446\u8131\u56f0\u5883\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53cd\u5bf9\u5411\u82f1\u56fd\u501f\u6b3e\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8fd8\u5c06\u5728\u501f\u6b3e\u4e00\u4e8b\u4e0a\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e2d\u56fd\u5404\u79cd\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4f7f\u82f1\u56fd\u964d\u4f4e\u5b83\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u4f5c\u4e3a\u916c\u8c22\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0e\u4fc4\u56fd\u7b7e\u8ba2\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u987a\u548c\u5927\u8fde\u6e7e\u7684\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u58f0\u79f0\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u201c\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u653e\u5f03\u201d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u53c2\u9605\u300a\u4fc4\u56fd\u5728\u6ee1\u6d32(1892-1906)\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u65e5\u4fc4\u6218\u4e89\u5916\u4ea4\u53f2\u7eb2\u300b\u7684\u6709\u5173\u7ae0\u8282\u3002\uff09\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u82f1\u3001\u4fc4\u5df2\u8fbe\u6210\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u624d\u4fc3\u52a8\u4e861898\u5e743\u67081\u65e5\u82f1\u5fb7\u7eed\u501f\u6b3e\u5408\u540c\u7684\u7b7e\u8ba2\uff1b\u5408\u540c\u7684\u7b7e\u8ba2\u53c8\u8f6c\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u4fc4\u56fd\u5411\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u53d1\u96be\u7684\u5951\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u201c\u6df1\u611f\u5931\u671b\u201d\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u86ee\u6a2a\u5730\u7d22\u53d6\u201c\u8865\u507f\u201d\u30023\u67083\u65e5\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u5230\u603b\u7f72\uff0c\u201c\u4e13\u8a00\u65c5\u5927\u79df\u5730\u53ca\u9020\u652f\u8def\u8fbe\u9ec4\u6d77\u4e24\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5176\u541b\u51b3\u5b9a\u8981\u529e\uff0c\u9650\u4e94\u65e5\u7167\u590d\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7fc1\u540c\u6032\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u7b2c6\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c3098\u9875\u3002\uff09\u603b\u7f72\u8bf8\u81e3\u4ef0\u5929\u65e0\u7b56\uff0c\u201c\u606d\uff08\u738b\uff09\u8bed\u585e\uff0c\u5e86\uff08\u738b\uff09\u7a0d\u7533\uff0c\u4f59\u7686\u9ed8\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7fc1\u540c\u6032\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u7b2c6\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c3098\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u6050\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u4ea4\u6d89\u6613\u60f9\u5404\u56fd\u6ce8\u76ee\uff0c\u9042\u51b3\u5b9a\u6d3e\u9a7b\u5fb7\u56fd\u516c\u4f7f\u8bb8\u666f\u6f84\u4e3a\u5934\u7b49\u94a6\u5dee\u5927\u81e3\uff0c\u8d74\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u4e0e\u4fc4\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u76f4\u63a5\u4e3e\u884c\u4f1a\u8c08\uff0c\u9a7b\u4fc4\u516c\u4f7f\u6768\u5112\u4e3a\u4f1a\u529e\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u8c08\u5224\u4e8b\u5b9c\u30023\u670813\u65e5\uff0c\u5df4\u9650\u5b9a\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u5728\u4e24\u661f\u671f\u5185\u7b7e\u8ba2\u79df\u501f\u6761\u7ea6\u30023\u670815\u65e5\u5728\u4fc4\u4eac\u8c08\u5224\u7684\u8bb8\u666f\u6f84\u7535\u544a\u603b\u7f72\uff0c\u65c5\u987a\u53e3\u96be\u4ee5\u633d\u56de\uff0c\u674e\u867d\u81f4\u7535\u201c\u575a\u6301\u52ff\u8bb8\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u7ec8\u65e0\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u5f97\u9000\u800c\u6c42\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u201c\u4e8e\u5927\u8fde\u7a0d\u53c2\u6d3b\u7b14\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7fc1\u540c\u6032\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u7b2c6\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c3102\u9875\u3002\uff093\u670817\u65e5\u8bb8\u56de\u7535\uff0c\u79f0\u5df2\u89c1\u4fc4\u541b\uff0c\u6240\u7d22\u4e0d\u80af\u8ba9\uff0c\u96503\u670827\u65e5\u5fc5\u987b\u8ba2\u7ea6\uff0c\u201c\u8fc7\u671f\u65e0\u590d\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u5373\u81ea\u884c\u529e\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u987e\u5168\u8054\u76df\u4ea4\u8c0a\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u8868\u793a\u201c\u4fc4\u8ba1\u5df2\u51b3\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4f55\u56fd\u51fa\u963b\uff0c\u5747\u6240\u4e0d\u8ba1\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u8bb8\u6587\u8083\u516c\u9057\u96c6\u300b\u537710\uff0c\u7535\u62a5\uff0c\u7b2c30\u9875\u3002\uff09\u30023\u670820\u65e5\uff0c\u8bb8\u666f\u6f84\u89c1\u4fc4\u65b9\u9650\u671f\u5df2\u8fd1\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u7ea6\u89c1\u4fc4\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u5927\u81e3\u7a46\u62c9\u7ef4\u7ea6\u592b\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u7adf\u7136\u907f\u800c\u4e0d\u89c1\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u8fd8\u7531\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\u51fa\u52a8\u519b\u8230\uff0c\u8fd0\u8f7d\u90e8\u5206\u6b66\u88c5\u4eba\u5458\u5230\u65c5\u987a\u53e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u5f3a\u5148\u671f\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u4fc4\u519b\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6709\u5173\u65c5\u5927\u4ea4\u6d89\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3b\u8981\u53c2\u8003\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u6240\u7f16\u300a\u6c99\u4fc4\u4fb5\u534e\u53f2\u300b\u7b2c4\u5377\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7ae0\u8282\u3002\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u52303\u670821\u65e5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e8b\u6001\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0b\u6700\u540e\u901a\u7252\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002\u4fc4\u56fd\u5df2\u534f\u8c03\u597d\u4e86\u4e0e\u5217\u5f3a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4fc4\u8230\u548c\u6b66\u88c5\u4eba\u5458\uff08\u867d\u4eba\u6570\u4e0d\u591a\uff09\u5df2\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u65c5\u987a\u53e3\uff0c\u80c1\u8feb\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u7b7e\u7ea6\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c40\u9762\u4e0b\uff0c\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u65e9\u5df2\u4e0d\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u4e86\uff1b\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u50cf\u4fc4\u56fd\u6863\u6848\u91cc\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u5bf9\u4fc4\u8c08\u5224\u7684\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u771f\u7684\u88ab\u201c\u6536\u4e70\u201d\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u201c\u4fc3\u6210\u201d\u65c5\u5927\u79df\u501f\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e5f\u5f88\u96be\u8bf4\u662f\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u3002\u7ef4\u7279\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u79f0\uff0c\u5c45\u4e8e\u9890\u548c\u56ed\u7684\u6148\u79a7\u592a\u540e\u201c\u53d7\u4e86\u82f1\u65e5\u4e24\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u575a\u51b3\u4e0d\u80af\u5272\u8ba9\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u65b9\u201d\uff0c\u540e\u56e0\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u4e8c\u4eba\u201c\u529d\u5979\u8ba9\u6b65\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u592a\u540e\u7ec8\u4e8e\u7b54\u5e94\u7b7e\u7f72\u534f\u5b9a\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u4f2f\u7235\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c79\u9875\uff0d80\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\u3002\u4ece\u4e2d\u65b9\u6587\u732e\u770b\uff0c\u6148\u79a7\u592a\u540e\u5f53\u65f6\u5e76\u672a\u53ec\u89c1\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u4e8c\u4eba\u3002\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8d44\u6599\u80fd\u591f\u8bf4\u660e\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u8df5\u5bf9\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u627f\u8bfa\u201d\u800c\u529d\u8bf4\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u4eba\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6148\u79a7\u592a\u540e\u548c\u5149\u7eea\u7687\u5e1d\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u786e\u51ff\u7684\u6750\u6599\u8bf4\u660e\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u66fe\u6709\u8fc7\u6b32\u7528\u6b66\u529b\u963b\u6b62\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u91cc\u6240\u8c13\u56e0\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8d3f\u8d42\u624b\u6bb5\u800c\u907f\u514d\u6b66\u529b\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u770b\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5317\u4eac\u57ce\u5185\u671d\u91ce\u4e0a\u4e0b\u7fa4\u60c5\u6fc0\u6124\uff0c\u53cd\u4fc4\u58f0\u52bf\u9ad8\u6da8\uff0c\u603b\u7406\u8859\u95e8\u7684\u5927\u81e3\u4eec\u60df\u6050\u62c5\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u7eb7\u7eb7\u9000\u907f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u52bf\u4e0b\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u5192\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u5927\u4e0d\u97ea\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u4fc4\u4eba\u5229\u8bf1\u800c\u4e3a\u5176\u5954\u8d70\u6548\u529b\uff0c\u51fa\u5356\u6c11\u65cf\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d38\u7136\u5b9a\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u636e\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u65e5\u8bb0\uff0c3\u670820\u65e5\uff0c\u603b\u529e\u9001\u6765\u519b\u673a\u5904\u4ea4\u7247\uff0c\u5f20\u4e0e\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u201c\u5949\u6d3e\u4e0e\u4fc4\u4f7f\u9762\u8bae\uff0c\u738b\u5927\u81e3\u4ecd\u4f1a\u5546\u59a5\u529e\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5149\u7eea\u5728\u7fa4\u81e3\u4e00\u8fde\u51e0\u5929\u7684\u6c89\u9ed8\u540e\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8c08\u5224\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8d23\u4efb\u843d\u5728\u4e86\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u4e8c\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u5f20\u6c0f\u8bb0\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u4e00\u70b9\u949f\u5df4\uff08\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u2014\u5f15\u8005\uff09\u6765\uff0c\u5e38\u719f\u3001\u53d7\u4e4b\uff08\u5d07\u793c\uff09\u3001\u7b60\u4e08\uff08\u8bb8\u5e94\u9a99\uff0c\u53f7\u7b60\u5eb5\uff09\u4e0e\u4f59\u51fa\u6664\uff0c\u5085\u76f8\uff08\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\uff09\u4ea6\u5230\u3002\u5df4\u51fa\u6761\u6b3e\u4e00\u6298\uff0c\u5e38\u719f\u9605\u7adf\u5373\u79bb\u5ea7\u3002\u4ef2\u5c71\uff08\u5ed6\u5bff\u6052\uff09\u6765\uff0c\u4f59\u5631\u4ee5\u8be6\u9605\u3002\u4ef2\u5c71\u9605\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ea6\u884c\u3002\u5085\u76f8\u4e0e\u4e4b\u8fa9\u8bba\u3002\u4f59\u9965\u751a\uff0c\u56de\u897f\u5802\u5348\u98df\u3002\u590d\u51fa\u6664\uff0c\u7686\u65e0\u5207\u8981\u8bed\u3002\u5df4\u7d22\u518d\u4f1a\u671f\uff0c\u8ba2\u4ee5\u521d\u4e8c\u65e5\u4e09\u70b9\u949f\uff0c\u5df4\u9042\u53bb\u3002\u5176\u65f6\uff0c\u5e38\u719f\u3001\u4ef2\u5c71\u3001\u7b60\u4e08\u65e9\u884c\u77e3\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff1a\u300a\u620a\u620c\u65e5\u8bb0\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c64\u9875\u3002\uff09\u8fd9\u6bb5\u6709\u5173\u8bf8\u5927\u81e3\u7eb7\u7eb7\u8d8b\u907f\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4e0d\u514d\u6709\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u5ba3\u6cc4\u60c5\u7eea\u7684\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u81f4\u4e5f\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u5b9e\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n

21\u65e5\uff0c\u5149\u7eea\u5e1d\u9a7b\u8df8\u9890\u548c\u56ed\uff0c\u65e9\u6668\u5f20\u6c0f\u5373\u5f97\u5230\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u6b21\u65e5\u4e00\u65e9\u5c06\u4e0e\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e00\u8d77\u88ab\u53ec\u89c1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5929\u9ed1\u524d\u7531\u57ce\u91cc\u8d76\u5230\u9890\u548c\u56ed\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf22\u65e5\u65e9\u6668\u9884\u5907\u53ec\u89c1\u3002\u5f20\u5728\u201c\u5348\u540e\u8be3\u95ee\u606d\u90b8\u75c5\uff0c\u5e76\u544a\u4ee5\u5373\u65e5\u8d74\u56ed\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff1a\u300a\u620a\u620c\u65e5\u8bb0\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c64\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u662f\u665a\uff0c\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u53ca\u5ed6\u5bff\u6052\u5728\u7fc1\u6c0f\u4f4f\u5904\u7565\u8c08\uff0c\u636e\u7fc1\u8bb0\uff0c\u201c\uff08\u674e\u3001\u5f20\uff09\u4e24\u516c\u7686\u65e0\u7b56\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u9a73\u8bd8\uff0c\u7a7a\u8a00\u800c\u5df2\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7fc1\u540c\u6032\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u7b2c6\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c3104\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u5df2\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u4e8c\u4eba\u4ecd\u7136\u4e92\u76f8\u6307\u8d23\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u6210\u89c1\u4e4b\u6df1\u3002<\/p>\n

22\u65e5\u6668\uff0c\u5149\u7eea\u5e1d\u540c\u65f6\u53ec\u89c1\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u3002\u53ec\u89c1\u524d\uff0c\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u5bf9\u4e8e\u88ab\u5b89\u6392\u529e\u7406\u65c5\u5927\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e8b\u5b9c\u9887\u6709\u6012\u8a00\uff0c\u79f0\u201c\u4ee5\u5949\u6d3e\u4fc4\u4e8b\uff0c\u6bc1\u6211\u4e8c\u4eba\u800c\u5df2\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u7fc1\u540c\u9fa2\u800c\u8a00\u7684\u3002\u674e\u5219\u4ee5\u201c\u540c\u5f52\u4e8e\u5c3d\uff0c\u5c82\u6bc1\u4e8c\u4eba\u4e4b\u8db3\u201d\u7b54\u4e4b\u3002\u6709\u5173\u5bf9\u53ec\u89c1\u65f6\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u8bb0\u4e91\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u8c15\u5408\u80a5\uff1a\u4fc4\u4e8b\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5c14\u53bb\u5e74\u5bc6\u7ea6\u5982\u4f55\u7acb\u7684\uff1f\u5408\u80a5\u594f\u8a00\uff1a\u73b0\u4e8b\u4e0d\u51b3\u88c2\uff0c\u5bc6\u7ea6\u4ecd\u6709\u3002\u968f\u8bf7\u65e8\u4f5c\u4f55\u529e\u6cd5\u3002\u4e0a\u8c15\uff1a\u5c14\u4eec\u6253\u7b97\u600e\u6837\uff1f\u5408\u80a5\u594f\u8a00\uff1a\u7687\u4e0a\u66fe\u5546\u5927\u540e\u5426\uff1f\u4e0a\u8c15\uff1a\u5c14\u4eec\u90fd\u65e0\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u5546\u91cf\u5927\u540e\uff1f\u5408\u80a5\u4f0f\u5598\u65e0\u8a00\u3002\u4e0a\u8c15\uff1a\u836b\u6853\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u4e48\uff1f\u5f53\u594f\u8a00\uff1a\u5bb9\u901a\u7b79\u59a5\u5f53\uff0c\u8bf7\u65e8\u9075\u884c\u3002\u4e0a\u8be2\uff1a\u8981\u8bf7\u65e8\u4e48\uff1f\u5f90\u594f\u8a00\uff1a\u5546\u91cf\u540e\u594f\u660e\u529e\u7406\u3002\u4e0a\u8bcd\u8272\u7565\u9701\uff0c\u5782\u8be2\u5408\u80a5\uff1a\u5c14\u6b63\u6708\u60a3\u5589\u75c7\u4e48\uff1f\u5408\u80a5\u594f\u8a00\uff1a\u5df2\u6108\u3002\u65cb\u8be2\u836b\u6853\uff1a\u95fb\u5c14\u8fd9\u51e0\u65e5\u4ea6\u6709\u75c5\u3002\u5f53\u78b0\u5934\u594f\u8a00\uff1a\u4ea6\u60a3\u5bd2\u75c7\u5728\u5589\uff0c\u6570\u65e5\u59cb\u89e3\u3002\u4e0a\u9894\u4e4b\uff0c\u5f90\u5f90\u8c15\uff1a\u603b\u7406\u8859\u95e8\u4e8b\uff0c\u8d23\u6210\u5c14\u4e24\u4eba\u3002\u5408\u80a5\u594f\u8a00\uff1a\u65e0\u65e5\u4e0d\u5230\u6691\u3002\u836b\u6853\u594f\u8a00\uff1a\u7aed\u5fc3\u529b\u4ee5\u56fe\u62a5\uff0c\u8fd1\u4e8b\u68d8\u624b\uff0c\u4ea6\u5728\u5723\u660e\u9274\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0a\u9894\u4e4b\uff0c\u4ee4\u51fa\uff0c\u5408\u80a5\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d77\uff0c\u6396\u4e4b\u3002\u4e0a\u8c15\uff1a\u7ad9\u5b9a\u4e43\u884c\uff0c\u52ff\u6025\u907d\u51fa\u3002\u81f3\u519b\u673a\u76f4\u5e90\uff0c\u5e86\u90b8\u5750\u5019\uff0c\u5408\u80a5\u4e0e\u8c08\u4fc4\u4e8b\u3002\u672a\u51e0\uff0c\u67a2\u8f85\u8fdb\u89c1\u540e\u56de\u8bba\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u4f59\u4ee5\u4fc4\u60c5\u4e0d\u6d4b\uff0c\u62d2\u4e4b\u5373\u751f\u53d8\uff0c\u6b64\u4eba\u4eba\u610f\u4e4b\uff0c\u5141\u4e4b\uff0c\u800c\u4fc4\u4ea4\u80fd\u5426\u6c38\u56fa\uff0c\u5b9e\u4e0d\u53ef\u5fc5\u3002\u4e14\u5404\u56fd\u80fd\u65e0\u8fdd\u8a00\u4ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5fc5\uff0c\u4ee5\u6545\u59d4\u51b3\u4e0d\u4e0b\u3002\u5e86\u90b8\u3001\u4ef2\u5c71\u97ea\u4f59\u8a00\uff0c\u5408\u80a5\u7f6e\u4e0d\u7b54\u3002\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff1a\u300a\u620a\u620c\u65e5\u8bb0\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c67-70\u9875\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5149\u7eea\u5e1d\u5bf9\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u8054\u4fc4\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u4fc4\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u603b\u7f72\u7684\u8270\u96be\u5904\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u81e3\u4eec\u501f\u53e3\u63a8\u6258\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u201c\u603b\u7406\u8859\u95e8\u4e8b\u201d\u8d23\u6210\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u4e24\u4eba\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u4eec\u627f\u62c5\u8d77\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u662f\u65e5\u7fc1\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u5e86\u90b8\u6765\u8c08\uff0c\u7a0d\u95fb\u6628\u65e5\u5165\u89c1\u8bed\uff0c\u7136\u5b9e\u65e0\u63aa\u7f6e\uff0c\u4eca\u65e5\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u8d77\uff0c\u4e0a\u4ea6\u4e0d\u80fd\u65ad\u4e5f\u3002\u89c1\u8d77\u4e09\u523b\u2026\u2026\u8861\u91cf\u65f6\u5c40\uff0c\u8bf8\u81e3\u7686\u6325\u6d95\uff0c\u662f\u4f55\u6c14\u8c61\uff0c\u8d1f\u7f6a\u6df1\u77e3\u3002\u9000\u65f6\u5e86\u3001\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u9080\u8c08\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u9664\u5141\u884c\u5916\u522b\u65e0\u6cd5\uff0c\u81f3\u82f1\u3001\u65e5\u3001\u6cd5\u540c\u65f6\u5c06\u8d77\uff0c\u66f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u77e3\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7fc1\u540c\u6032\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u7b2c6\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c3104\u9875\u3002\uff09\u7fc1\u65e5\u8bb0\u6240\u8bf4\u5e86\u738b\u201c\u5165\u89c1\u8bed\u201d\u5f53\u6307\u6148\u79a7\u53ec\u89c1\u65f6\u7684\u8c08\u8bdd\uff0c\u8be6\u60c5\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u5df2\u4e0d\u53ef\u8003\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ece\u5f20\u3001\u7fc1\u7684\u65e5\u8bb0\u91cc\u90fd\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5929\u541b\u81e3\u5747\u8ba4\u4e3a\u522b\u65e0\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u5f97\u5141\u884c\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u6240\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

23\u65e5\uff0c\u5149\u7eea\u5e1d\u5355\u72ec\u53ec\u89c1\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff0c\u5f20\u5c06\u201c\u4fc4\u4e8b\u59d4\u51b3\u4e0d\u4e0b\u4e4b\u6545\u594f\u9648\uff0c\u4e0a\u9894\u4e4b\uff0c\u8c15\u4ee5\u597d\u597d\u529e\u53bb\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff1a\u300a\u620a\u620c\u65e5\u8bb0\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c73\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u53ec\u89c1\u5df2\u5b9a\u7531\u5f20\u548c\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e00\u8d77\u4e0e\u4fc4\u4f7f\u753b\u62bc\uff0c\u5f20\u5219\u6781\u529b\u4e3b\u5f20\u7531\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e00\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e13\u4f7f\u529e\u7406\u4fc4\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u83b7\u540c\u610f\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff1a\u300a\u620a\u620c\u65e5\u8bb0\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c77\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u540e\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u6309\u7167\u4e8b\u5148\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u53c8\u81f3\u603b\u7f72\uff0c\u201c\u63a5\u6664\u4fc4\u4f7f\u5df4\u767e\u8bfa\u798f\uff0c\u5546\u8bba\u6761\u6b3e\u751a\u5403\u529b\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff1a\u300a\u620a\u620c\u65e5\u8bb0\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c73\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u7fc1\u65e5\u8bb0\u4ea6\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u7533\u521d\uff0c\u5df4\u5e03\u7f57\u798f\u5055\u535a\u67cf\u798f\u6765\uff0c\u5e86\u90b8\u3001\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u3001\u8bb8\u3001\u5ed6\u3001\u5d07\u53ca\u4f59\u6664\u4e4b\u3002\u5148\u8fa8\u65c5\u987a\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bb8\uff1b\u7ee7\u8fa8\u94c1\u8def\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bb8\uff1b\u60df\u5220\u9644\u8fd1\u5730\u65b9\u56db\u5b57\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0d\u5f97\u6709\u7763\u629a\u540d\u76ee\u4e00\u53e5\uff0c\u507f\u8fd8\u8239\u575e\u3001\u5175\u623f\u7b49\u8d39\u3002\u81f3\u91d1\u5dde\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u4e0d\u5f97\u5165\u79df\u754c\uff0c\u4f0a\u5141\u7535\u5546\uff0c\u4f59\u6982\u4e0d\u5141\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u620c\u521d\u59cb\u7f62\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7fc1\u540c\u6032\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u7b2c6\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c3104\u9875\u3002\uff09\u9762\u5bf9\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u86ee\u6a2a\uff0c\u603b\u7f72\u5927\u81e3\u4eec\u65e0\u53ef\u5948\u4f55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b21\u65e5\uff0c\u5149\u7eea\u5e1d\u53c8\u53ec\u89c1\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\uff0c\u201c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5631\u5176\u614e\u91cd\uff0c\u5e76\u65e0\u8c2f\u8bc3\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7fc1\u540c\u6032\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u7b2c6\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c3109\u9875\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5bf9\u81e3\u50da\u5904\u5883\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u4f53\u8c05\u3002\u662f\u65e5\u5f20\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u5348\u540e\u81f3\u7f72\uff0c\u4e0e\u4fc4\u4f7f\u8bba\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u706f\u540e\u59cb\u6563\u3002\u5e38\u719f\u5728\u5ea7\uff0c\u65c5\u5927\u8239\u58ba\u3001\u5c40\u623f\u5408\u80a5\u6b32\u7d22\u4ef7\uff0c\u5e38\u719f\u548c\u4e4b\uff0c\u4f59\u4e0e\u4ef2\u5c71\u4e0d\u8c13\u7136\u3002\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u5e76\u4f5c\u79df\u4ef7\uff0c\u518d\u5b9a\u94c1\u8f68\u652f\u8def\u4e00\u5c42\u3002\u4fc4\u82e5\u65e0\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u6781\u8d39\u5507\u820c\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff1a\u300a\u620a\u620c\u65e5\u8bb0\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c74\u9875\u3002\uff09\u5728\u6709\u5173\u7ec6\u8282\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u7b49\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4ecd\u6709\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u50cf\u4eba\u4eec\u719f\u77e5\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c3\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u6700\u7ec8\u4ee3\u8868\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u7b7e\u8ba2\u4e86\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u5927\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e3a\u65c5\u5927\u79df\u501f\u534f\u5b9a\u7b7e\u8ba2\u524d\u5915\u6e05\u5ef7\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5927\u81f4\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u606b\u5413\u548c\u5a01\u903c\u4e0b\uff0c\u5927\u81e3\u4eec\u90fd\u611f\u5230\u5c40\u52bf\u96be\u4ee5\u633d\u56de\uff0c\u751f\u6015\u88ab\u9677\u5728\u8fd9\u6869\u53ea\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u9a82\u540d\u7684\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\uff0c\u7eb7\u7eb7\u501f\u6545\u9003\u907f\uff0c\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\uff0c\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u7684\u65e5\u8bb0\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u6709\u66ff\u81ea\u5df1\u5f00\u8131\u548c\u8fa9\u62a4\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5938\u5927\u548c\u7247\u9762\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5728\u6240\u96be\u514d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u7fc1\u540c\u9fa2\u65e5\u8bb0\u7b49\u6bd4\u8f83\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u60c5\u51b5\u8fd8\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u3002\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u65c5\u5927\u8ba2\u7ea6\u662f\u4fc4\u56fd\u6b66\u529b\u5f3a\u5360\u548c\u5916\u4ea4\u8bb9\u8bc8\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c3\u670824\u65e5\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u7ed9\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u7684\u5bc6\u7535\u5374\u79f0\u201c\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u62a5\u916c\u8d77\u4e86\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u201d\uff0c\u8bf4\u201c\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u548c\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u663e\u7136\u5df2\u4f7f\u5176\u4ed6\u5927\u81e3\u53ca\u4eb2\u738b\u7b49\u5bf9\u6b64\u53d1\u751f\u5174\u8da3\u201d\uff0c\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c208\u9875\u3002\uff09\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c06\u65c5\u5927\u79df\u501f\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7b7e\u8ba2\u5b8c\u5168\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e8e\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u7684\u6781\u529b\u4fc3\u6210\uff0c\u8fd9\u6050\u6015\u4e0e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ef4\u7279\u7b14\u4e0b\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u7684\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u79ef\u6781\u4e3a\u4fc4\u56fd\u201c\u6548\u529b\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5012\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u4ed6\u65f6\u9694\u591a\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u64b0\u5199\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u65f6\u7684\u5fc3\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u4f4d\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u4e8c\u4e16\u7f62\u9edc\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u6838\u5fc3\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u57281906\u5e74\u540e\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u64b0\u5199\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u6765\u8868\u767d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u201c\u5386\u53f2\u529f\u7ee9\u201d\u3002\u5728\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u5e76\u4e0d\u8bb3\u8a00\u5f53\u65f6\u5bf9\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u8fdc\u4e1c\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u4ed6\u89c6\u7a46\u62c9\u7ef4\u7ea6\u592b\u4e3a\u201c\u4fb5\u7565\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5192\u9669\u5bb6\u201d\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u57281898\u5e74\u6625\u4ed6\u5bf9\u7a46\u62c9\u7ef4\u7ea6\u592b\u5efa\u8bae\u6b66\u529b\u5360\u9886\u65c5\u987a\u53e3\u4e88\u4ee5\u4e86\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\u548c\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4e8b\u540e\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7a46\u6c0f\u201c\u8877\u5fc3\u7684\u611f\u8c22\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\uff1a\u300a\u4fc4\u56fd\u5728\u6ee1\u6d32(1892-1906)\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c180\u9875\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u591a\u5e74\u540e\u5374\u4ecd\u7136\u9f13\u5439\u5176\u201c\u548c\u5e73\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u795e\u5947\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0e\u6614\u65e5\u7684\u653f\u654c\u6697\u6bd4\u9ad8\u4f4e\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u663e\u793a\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u65c5\u5927\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u7684\u529f\u52b3\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u751a\u81f3\u5439\u5618\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee4\u4e0b\u5c5e\u4ece\u4e8b\u7684\u6536\u4e70\u6d3b\u52a8\u662f\u7792\u7740\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u4e8c\u4e16\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u4e8b\u540e\u9887\u4f7f\u6c99\u7687\u611f\u5230\u201c\u610f\u5916\u201d\u3002\u800c\u6838\u8bf8\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u62ab\u9732\u7684\u51fd\u7535\uff0c\u53ef\u77e5\u6b64\u4e8b\u5148\u5df2\u5f81\u5f97\u6c99\u7687\u7684\u540c\u610f\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c203\u9875\uff0c\u6ce8\u91ca1\u3002\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u591a\u5e74\u540e\u56de\u5fc6\u7684\u5931\u8bef\uff0c\u4f46\u7684\u786e\u6d41\u9732\u51fa\u4e86\u7ef4\u7279\u5938\u529f\u7684\u5fc3\u6001\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u6279\u8bc4\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4ed6\u5728\u751f\u524d\u7528\u5c3d\u4e86\u5343\u65b9\u767e\u8ba1\uff0c\u6b7b\u540e\u53c8\u7528\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u300a\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u300b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5229\u4e8e\u5236\u9020\u5e76\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u6563\u5e03\u4e00\u79cd\u795e\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4ed6\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u7eaf\u7cb9\u662f\u2018\u548c\u5e73\u2019\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\uff1a\u300a\u4fc4\u56fd\u5728\u6ee1\u6d32(1892-1906)\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c6\u9875\u3002\uff09\u53ea\u6709\u4e86\u89e3\u7ef4\u7279\u665a\u5e74\u843d\u9b44\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5904\u5883\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u4e2d\u900f\u9732\u51fa\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5439\u6367\u7684\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5bf9\u4ed6\u6e32\u67d3\u201c\u8d3f\u8d42\u201d\u624b\u6bb5\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4f5c\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u848b\u5ef7\u9efb\u5728\u4e3a\u6c11\u803f\u8bd1\u300a\u5e1d\u4fc4\u4fb5\u7565\u6ee1\u6d32\u53f2\u300b\u6240\u4f5c\u5e8f\u8a00\u4e2d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8457\u8005\u6240\u7528\u7684\u6750\u6599\u51e0\u5168\u662f\u4fc4\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u6ee1\u6d32\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e2a\u591a\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ed6\u65b9\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e2d\u65e5\u4e24\u65b9\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5982\u4e0d\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u5c31\u4e0d\u6613\u5f97\u89c1\u4e86\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u6c11\u803f\u8bd1\uff1a\u300a\u5e1d\u4fc4\u4fb5\u7565\u6ee1\u6d32\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1937\u5e74\u3002\uff09\u8fd9\u756a\u8bba\u8ff0\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u7814\u7a76\u800c\u8a00\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u6db5\u76d6\u50cf\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fde\u53ea\u5b57\u7247\u8bed\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u539f\u59cb\u6750\u6599\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5f15\u8bc1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u5bf9\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ca\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u7684\u5904\u5883\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u9694\u819c\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f9d\u636e\u4fc4\u65b9\u7684\u6750\u6599\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u81ea\u7136\u96be\u89c1\u201c\u771f\u76f8\u201d\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6bd4\u8f83\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4fc4\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u4e0e\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u5728\u51fd\u7535\u4e2d\u8bf4\u7684\u4e0e\u674e\u5f20\u201c\u673a\u5bc6\u4f1a\u8c08\u201d\u53ca\u201c\u4ed8\u6b3e\u201d\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4fe1\uff0c\u4ecd\u53ef\u4f5c\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6839\u636e\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\uff0c3\u670821\u65e5\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u4e0e\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u518d\u6b21\u7535\u544a\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u79f0\u201c\u4eca\u5929\u201d\u4e0e\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u840c\u6853\u4f1a\u9762\uff0c\u201c\u4f5c\u673a\u5bc6\u8bed\u201d\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u5047\u4f7f\u65c5\u987a\u53e3\u53ca\u5927\u8fde\u6e7e\u95ee\u9898\u57283\u670827\u65e5\u529e\u59a5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4fc4\u65b9\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u63aa\u65bd\u65f6\uff0c\u201c\u5f53\u5404\u916c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e94\u5341\u4e07\u4e24\u201d\u3002\u636e\u79f0\uff0c\u201c\u4e24\u4f4d\u5927\u81e3\u5747\u7533\u8bc9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u975e\u5e38\u8270\u96be\u5e76\u8ff0\u53ca\u5b98\u540f\u9636\u7ea7\u6124\u6fc0\u5fc3\u60c5\uff0c\u5411\u7687\u5e1d\u4e0a\u4e86\u65e0\u6570\u7533\u8bf7\u4e66\u201d\uff0c\u52ff\u5bf9\u4fc4\u56fd\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u8ba9\u6b65\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c207\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u58eb\u5927\u592b\u6124\u6fc0\u5fc3\u60c5\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e66\u53cd\u5bf9\u5411\u4fc4\u56fd\u8ba9\u6b65\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u4e0e\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u4f1a\u9762\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u4e5f\u80fd\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u3002\u4ece\u7535\u6587\u8bed\u5883\u770b\uff0c\u7535\u62a5\u662f\u4e0e\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u4e8c\u4eba\u201c\u5bc6\u8c08\u201d\u540e\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u51fd\u7535\u5e76\u672a\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u5bc6\u8c08\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u4e0e\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u53ea\u80fd\u4f9d\u636e\u7fc1\u540c\u9fa2\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u65e5\u8bb0\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u6765\u5206\u6790\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4e0e\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u636e\u7fc1\u65e5\u8bb0\uff0c3\u670821\u65e5\u8fd9\u5929\u5149\u7eea\u5e1d\u9a7b\u8df8\u9890\u548c\u56ed\uff0c\u65e9\u6668\u53ec\u89c1\u67a2\u81e3\uff0c\u201c\u8bba\u4fc4\u4e8b\u826f\u4e45\uff0c\u547d\u4f20\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u660e\u65e5\u9884\u5907\u53ec\u89c1\uff0c\u5df3\u521d\u6563\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5929\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u5747\u5728\u57ce\u91cc\u5bd3\u6240\uff0c\u4ece\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u519b\u673a\u53ec\u89c1\u6563\u503c\u5df2\u5728\u201c\u5df3\u521d\u201d\uff0c\u82e5\u7f2e\u62df\u8c15\u65e8\u4ea4\u7247\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u518d\u9001\u8fdb\u57ce\u91cc\uff0c\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u5949\u5230\u4f3c\u5df2\u8fd1\u5348\u65f6\u3002\u4ee5\u60c5\u7406\u63a8\u4e4b\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u662f\u5728\u5f97\u77e5\u201c\u660e\u5929\u4e24\u4f4d\u5927\u81e3\u90fd\u5c06\u5411\u7687\u5e1d\u4f5c\u62a5\u544a\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c207\u9875\u3002\uff09\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u4e0e\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u201c\u5bc6\u8c08\u201d\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u8fc7\u201c\u5bc6\u8c08\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u5929\u4e0a\u5348\uff1b\u800c\u4e0b\u5348\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u201c\u5bc6\u8c08\u201d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u591a\u5927\u5462\uff1f\u81f3\u5c11\uff0c\u4ece\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e2d\u4f3c\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5f20\u5728\u5f97\u5230\u519b\u673a\u5904\u4ea4\u7247\u540e\uff0c\u5929\u9ed1\u524d\u987b\u7531\u57ce\u91cc\u8d76\u5230\u9890\u548c\u56ed\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6b21\u65e5\u65e9\u6668\u9884\u5907\u53ec\u89c1\u3002\u636e\u5f20\u6c0f\u65e5\u8bb0\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u201c\u5348\u540e\u8be3\u95ee\u606d\u90b8\u75c5\uff0c\u5e76\u544a\u4ee5\u5373\u65e5\u8d74\u56ed\u201d\u3002\u636e\u7fc1\u65e5\u8bb0\uff0c\u5f20\u5230\u56ed\u65f6\u5df2\u620c\u6b63\uff08\u665a8\u70b9\u949f\uff09\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7fc1\u540c\u6032\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u7b2c6\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c3104\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u4ece\u79bb\u5f00\u606d\u738b\u5e9c\u90b8\u5230\u62b5\u8fbe\u9890\u548c\u56ed\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u7684\u884c\u8e2a\u5728\u5176\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e2d\u5e76\u65e0\u53cd\u6620\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u8fd9\u671f\u95f4\u4ed6\u4e0e\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e00\u8d77\u4f1a\u6664\u8fc7\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u5219\u57fa\u672c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u3002\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u548c\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u5bf9\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e0e\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e24\u4f4d\u7ea6\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u540c\u65f6\u201c\u5bc6\u8c08\u201d\uff08\u6b64\u524d\u4e3a\u501f\u6b3e\u95ee\u9898\u5219\u662f\u5206\u522b\u7ea6\u89c1\u7684\uff09\u3002\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u548c\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u4e0e\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u5206\u522b\u201c\u5bc6\u8c08\u201d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u540c\u6837\u4e0d\u5927\u3002\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u5348\u95f4\u5949\u5230\u4ea4\u7247\u540e\u4e8e\u7533\u6b63\uff08\u508d\u665a4\u70b9\u949f\uff09\u62b5\u8fbe\u9890\u548c\u56ed\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7fc1\u540c\u6032\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u7b2c6\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c3104\u9875\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u6b64\u95f4\u4ed6\u98ce\u5c18\u4ec6\u4ec6\u8d76\u8def\u7684\u5e38\u60c5\uff0c\u5355\u8bf4\u5348\u540e\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u5f20\u5404\u81ea\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u968f\u673a\u5b89\u6392\u4e0e\u4e8c\u4eba\u5206\u5934\u201c\u5bc6\u8c08\u201d\u5462\uff1f\u51b5\u4e14\uff0c\u5728\u767d\u5929\u4e0e\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u5546\u8c08\u5982\u6b64\u673a\u5bc6\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9c\uff0c\u600e\u80fd\u907f\u4eba\u8033\u76ee\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e0e\u6b64\u524d\u4e3a\u501f\u6b3e\u4e8b\u5728\u591c\u95f4\u79d8\u5bc6\u7ea6\u89c1\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u5f62\u6210\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u5bf9\u7167\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ece\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u5904\u5883\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8c08\u5224\u5df2\u5230\u5173\u952e\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c8\u600e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u4fc4\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u6084\u6084\u8fdb\u884c\u79c1\u4eba\u6027\u4f1a\u6664\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u5728\u60c5\u7406\u4e0a\u5f88\u96be\u8bb2\u901a\u3002<\/p>\n

24\u65e5\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u7ed9\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u7684\u5bc6\u7535\u79f0\u201c\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u62a5\u916c\u8d77\u4e86\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u201d\uff0c\u6025\u5207\u5730\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u57283\u670815\u65e5\uff08\u516c\u53863\u670827\u65e5\uff09\u7b7e\u8ba2\u6761\u7ea6\u4ee5\u540e\u5373\u8fc5\u901f\u652f\u4ed8\u6240\u5141\u6b3e\u9879\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c208\u9875\u3002\uff09\u7531\u4e8e23\u65e5\u6e05\u5ef7\u5df2\u51b3\u5b9a\u6d3e\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u753b\u62bc\uff0c\u6309\u671f\u7b7e\u7ea6\u5df2\u4e0d\u6210\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5151\u73b0\u627f\u8bfa\u3001\u6309\u65f6\u4ed8\u6b3e\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u30023\u670828\u65e5\uff0c\u5373\u6761\u7ea6\u7b7e\u8ba2\u7684\u6b21\u65e5\uff0c\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u81f4\u7535\u7ef4\u7279\uff0c\u79f0\u4ed6\u5df2\u201c\u4ed8\u7ed9\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e94\u5341\u4e07\u4e24\uff08\u6309\u5317\u4eac\u4e60\u60ef\u6240\u7528\u5e02\u5e73\u94f6\u91cd\u91cf\u2014\u2014\u539f\u6ce8\uff09\uff0c\u8ba1\u503c\u56db\u5341\u516b\u4e07\u516d\u5343\u4e94\u767e\u4e24\uff08\u6309\u94f6\u884c\u6240\u7528\u516c\u781d\u4e24\u91cd\u91cf\u6298\u7b97\u2014\u2014\u539f\u6ce8\uff09\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c209-210\u9875\u3002\uff09\u636e\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u751a\u4e3a\u6ee1\u610f\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf7\u5411\u7ef4\u7279\u201c\u6df1\u81f4\u8c22\u610f\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed8\u58f0\u7ed8\u8272\u7684\u60c5\u666f\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u4e2d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u5370\u8bc1\uff0c\u50cf\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4f4d\u957f\u671f\u4e3b\u6301\u6e05\u5ef7\u5916\u4ea4\u51b3\u7b56\u4e14\u7235\u4f4d\u663e\u8d6b\u7684\u5927\u81e3\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u56e0\u8d2a\u604b\u94b1\u8d22\u4ee5\u81f4\u6ca6\u843d\u5230\u5982\u6b64\u5883\u5730\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u503c\u5f97\u6000\u7591\u3002<\/p>\n

\u572828\u65e5\u7684\u5bc6\u7535\u4e2d\uff0c\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u79f0\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u5c06\u6b3e\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u5fc3\u201d\u30024\u67088\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u81f4\u7535\u7ef4\u7279\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u548c\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u673a\u5bc6\u8c08\u5224\u5173\u4e8e\u4ed8\u4ed6\u4e94\u5341\u4e07\u4e24\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u76ee\u4e0b\u6536\u6b3e\u4e00\u4e8b\u975e\u5e38\u5bb3\u6015\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u53d7\u8d3f\u5df2\u6709\u65e0\u6570\u63a7\u544a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5b81\u613f\u7b49\u5230\u95f2\u8bdd\u5e73\u606f\u4ee5\u540e\u3002\u6211\u544a\u4ed6\u6240\u5141\u4ed8\u4ed6\u6b3e\u9879\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u662f\u5f52\u4ed6\u652f\u914d\u7684\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8bf4\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u53d7\u5230\u63a7\u544a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6307\u82f1\u5fb7\u7eed\u501f\u6b3e\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5317\u4eac\u5b98\u573a\u4e2d\u4f20\u8a00\u5f20\u4ece\u4e2d\u541e\u5360\u4e86\u5de8\u989d\u56de\u6263\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76f4\u52306\u6708\u4efd\u8a00\u5b98\u624d\u7eb7\u7eb7\u4e0a\u758f\u7ea0\u5f39\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4ecd\u53ea\u662f\u79c1\u4e0b\u4f20\u8a00\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u5df2\u6709\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u6d88\u606f\u4e4b\u7075\u901a\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u4efd\u7535\u6587\u4e5f\u672a\u8bf4\u6e05\u695a\u4e0e\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u201c\u673a\u5bc6\u8c08\u5224\u201d\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5730\u70b9\u3002\u4ece\u60c5\u7406\u63a8\u65ad\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u5e94\u5728\u53d1\u5bc6\u7535\u5f53\u5929\u6216\u524d\u4e0d\u4e45\u3002\u4ece\u5f20\u6c0f\u65e5\u8bb0\u770b\uff0c4\u67085\u65e5\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u5230\u6587\u534e\u6bbf\u89d0\u89c1\u5149\u7eea\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u5448\u9012\u56fd\u7535\uff0c\u4e0e\u5f20\u6216\u6709\u4f1a\u9762\uff0c\u5c1a\u4e0d\u81f3\u4e8e\u6709\u5bc6\u8c08\u4e4b\u673a\u4f1a\uff1b4\u67086\u65e5\u4e0b\u5348\u5f20\u51fa\u57ce\uff0c7\u65e5\u30018\u65e5\u4e24\u5929\u5747\u5728\u9890\u548c\u56ed\uff0c8\u65e5\u665a\u56de\u57ce\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff1a\u300a\u620a\u620c\u65e5\u8bb0\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c89\u9875\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u4ea6\u65e0\u4e0e\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u6216\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u4f1a\u9762\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3002\u67e5\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u620a\u620c\u5e74\u65e5\u8bb0\uff0c\u66fe\u6709\u4e24\u6b21\u63d0\u53ca\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\uff0c\u4f46\u65f6\u95f4\u5747\u57284\u6708\u4ee5\u540e\u30025\u670829\u65e5\u8bb0\u8bb0\uff1a\u201c\u4f59\u81f3\u7f72\uff0c\u9002\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u6765\u89c1\uff0c\u4e0e\u5408\u80a5\u540c\u6664\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff1a\u300a\u620a\u620c\u65e5\u8bb0\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c150\u9875\u3002\uff096\u67081\u65e5\u53c8\u8bb0\uff1a\u201c\u516d\u70b9\u949f\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u6765\u8a00\uff0c\u8d74\u65c5\u987a\uff0c\u6050\u5c71\u897f\u94c1\u8def\u4e3a\u5362\u6c99\u7b2c\uff08S\uff0eLuzzatti\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f5c\u7f57\u6c99\u5e95\uff0c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5546\u4eba\uff09\u6240\u6324\uff0c\u7d6e\u548b\u800c\u53bb\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff1a\u300a\u620a\u620c\u65e5\u8bb0\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c155\u9875\u3002\uff09\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u5e76\u65e0\u4fc4\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u6b21\u89c1\u9762\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u603b\u7f72\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u662f\u5728\u5f20\u6c0f\u5e9c\u7b2c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u5546\u8bae\u534e\u4fc4\u9053\u80dc\u94f6\u884c\u5411\u5c71\u897f\u5730\u65b9\u5f53\u5c40\u501f\u6b3e\u4fee\u5efa\u67f3\uff08\u6797\u5821\uff09\u592a\uff08\u539f\uff09\u94c1\u8def\u7b7e\u7ea6\u6709\u5173\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a1898\u5e74\u6625\u534e\u4fc4\u9053\u80dc\u94f6\u884c\u5411\u5c71\u897f\u5546\u52a1\u5c40\u501f\u6b3e\u4fee\u5efa\u67f3\u592a\u94c1\u8def\u56e0\u53d7\u5230\u5c71\u897f\u58eb\u7ec5\u53cd\u5bf9\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u6ce2\u6298\uff0c\u603b\u7406\u8859\u95e8\u66fe\u5949\u65e8\u8ba8\u8bba\u6b64\u4e8b\uff0c\u7ecf\u749e\u79d1\u4e0e\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u4e0e\u603b\u7f72\u8c08\u5224\uff0c1898\u5e745\u6708\u501f\u6b3e\u5408\u540c\u6b63\u5f0f\u7b7e\u8ba2\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u5b93\u6c5d\u6210\u300a\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1980\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c84-85\u9875\u3002\uff09\u3002\u4e8c\u4eba\u80fd\u5728\u5f20\u6c0f\u79c1\u7b2c\u4f1a\u6664\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u6ca1\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u5c06\u6b3e\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u3002\u4f46\u6839\u636e\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u6240\u520a\u51fd\u7535\uff0c\u76f4\u52309\u670821\u65e5\u620a\u620c\u653f\u53d8\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u59cb\u7ec8\u6ca1\u6709\u4ed8\u6b3e\u7ed9\u5f20\u836b\u6853\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4ee4\u4eba\u8d39\u89e3\u4e4b\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81f3\u4e8e10\u67084\u65e5\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u79f0\u5f20\u8bf7\u6c42\u201c\u518d\u4ed8\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e07\u4e94\u5343\u4e24\u201d\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u4ee5\u4e3a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u6709\u5176\u4e8b\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e0e\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u5927\u4e8b\u4f3c\u65e0\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7cbe\u901a\u6c49\u5b66\u7684\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u4ee5\u5546\u4eba\u8eab\u4efd\u957f\u671f\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e8e\u5317\u4eac\u5b98\u573a\uff0c\u7ed3\u4ea4\u6743\u8d35\uff0c\u4fa6\u63a2\u5404\u79cd\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u95f4\u8c0d\u6d3b\u52a8\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u751a\u81f3\u901a\u8fc7\u767d\u4e91\u89c2\u7684\u9ad8\u9053\u58eb\u7ed3\u4ea4\u6df1\u53d7\u6148\u79a7\u5ba0\u4fe1\u7684\u592a\u76d1\u674e\u83b2\u82f1\uff0c\u4ee5\u63a2\u53d6\u673a\u5bc6\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u53c2\u9605\u8521\u9e3f\u751f\u300a\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u4e0e\u767d\u4e91\u89c2\u9ad8\u9053\u58eb\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u300b1991\u5e74\u7b2c1\u671f\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4ea4\u5f80\u3002\u5f20\u4e0b\u72f1\u540e\u5bb6\u4ea7\u88ab\u67e5\u6284\uff0c\u590d\u906d\u72f1\u540f\u52d2\u7d22\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u53c2\u9605\u9a6c\u5fe0\u6587\uff1a\u300a\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u6d41\u653e\u65b0\u7586\u524d\u540e\u4e8b\u8ff9\u8003\u8ff0\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u65b0\u7586\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5\u300b1996\u5e74\u7b2c4\u671f\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u5411\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u6c42\u63f4\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u6309\u7167\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u201c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u5e76\u4e0d\u53cd\u5bf9\u4ed8\u7ed9\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u4e00\u4e07\u4e94\u5343\u4e24\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4ee5\u524d\u5728\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u624b\u4e0b\u4efb\u4e8b\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u540f\u5bf9\u6211\u56fd\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u540e\u5bf9\u6211\u56fd\u6709\u7528\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u6742\u5fd7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u6d89\u53f2\u6599\u9009\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c212\u9875\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8bf4\u4ed8\u6b3e\u4e0e\u5151\u73b0\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u5927\u65f6\u7684\u8bb8\u8bfa\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u62c9\u62e2\u8fd9\u4f4d\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\u3001\u57f9\u690d\u4eb2\u4fc4\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u76ee\u7684\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u4ece\u79cd\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5728\u5f20\u624b\u4e0b\u4efb\u4e8b\u5e76\u6df1\u5f97\u5176\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u9996\u63a8\u662f\u6881\u8bda\uff08\u5b57\u9707\u4e1c\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u66fe\u4efb\u9a7b\u7f8e\u516c\u4f7f\uff09\u3002\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u4e0b\u72f1\u540e\uff0c\u6881\u8bda\u56db\u5904\u5954\u8d70\uff0c\u758f\u901a\u5173\u8282\u3002\u636e\u82f1\u56fd\u300a\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u62a5\u300b\u9a7b\u534e\u8bb0\u8005\u83ab\u7406\u5faa\u79f0\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u66fe\u8ba1\u5212\u5728\u6d41\u653e\u9014\u4e2d\u5c06\u5f20\u52ab\u6301\u5230\u82f1\u56fd\u4f7f\u9986\u4fdd\u62a4\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4fbf\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6881\u8bda\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u8bbe\u6cd5\u544a\u8bc9\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u906d\u5230\u5f20\u7684\u62d2\u7edd\uff08\u53c2\u9605\u9a86\u60e0\u654f\u7f16\u300a\u6e05\u672b\u6c11\u521d\u653f\u60c5\u5185\u5e55\u300b\u4e0a\u518c\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1986\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c115\u9875\uff0c\u6ce8\u91ca2\uff09\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u53d7\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u4e4b\u6258\u5411\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u6c42\u63f4\u7684\u8fd9\u4f4d\u795e\u79d8\u4eba\u7269\u53ef\u80fd\u4ecd\u662f\u6881\u8bda\uff0c\u51b5\u4e14\u620a\u620c\u5e74\u516b\u6708\u5f20\u6c0f\u897f\u884c\u9014\u4e2d\u4e5f\u786e\u5b9e\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u4ed6\u7684\u8e2a\u8ff9\uff08\u53c2\u9605\u738b\u5e86\u4fdd\u3001\u66f9\u666f\u90d5\uff1a\u300a\u9a7f\u820d\u63a2\u5e7d\u5f55\u300b\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u53f2\u5b66\u4f1a\u7f16\u300a\u620a\u620c\u53d8\u6cd5\u300b\u8d44\u6599\u4e1b\u520a\uff0c\u7b2c1\u518c\uff09\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u65e2\u5f80\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0e\u79df\u6e2f\u76f8\u5173\u6050\u6709\u504f\u5dee\u3002\u9020\u6210\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u80fd\u662f1922\u5e74\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u9009\u7f16\u6863\u6848\u65f6\u9057\u6f0f\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u7535\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u4ece\u6765\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u7b49\u91cf\u9f50\u89c2\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u8c0b\u6c42\u501f\u6b3e\u7684\u6536\u4e70\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ee550\u4e07\u4e24\u548c25\u4e07\u4e24\u7684\u5dee\u989d\u4ef7\u7801\u6536\u4e70\u4e8c\u4eba\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c1898\u5e743\u670821\u65e5\u5374\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u627f\u8bfa\u7ed9\u4e88\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u540c\u7b49\u768450\u4e07\u4e24\u5de8\u6b3e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fc4\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u7a81\u7136\u611f\u5230\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u5373\u5c06\u53d1\u6325\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u800c\u4e34\u65f6\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f80\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7406\u7531\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u8f7d\u51fd\u7535\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u5411\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u767e\u5151\u73b0\u201c\u627f\u8bfa\u201d\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u4fe1\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u843d\u5b9e\u5728\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u8bf4\u6765\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u58f0\u79f0\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c65\u884c\u4e86\u5bf9\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u7684\u201c\u4fe1\u4e49\u201d\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u503c\u5f97\u6000\u7591\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u300a\u7ea2\u6863\u300b\u6240\u520a\u501f\u6b3e\u51fd\u7535\u548c\u79df\u501f\u65c5\u5927\u51fd\u7535\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u660e\u663e\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5173\u4e8e\u501f\u6b3e\u76846\u4ef6\u51fd\u7535\u4e2d\u4e2a\u522b\u8bf4\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5b9e\u60c5\u6709\u6240\u51fa\u5165\uff0c\u4f46\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u8282\uff08\u5982\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5730\u70b9\uff09\u5747\u5f88\u5177\u4f53\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0e\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u76f8\u543b\u5408\uff1b\u5173\u4e8e\u65c5\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u768415\u4ef6\u7535\u6587\u4e2d\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5219\u5f88\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u4e0e\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u201c\u4f5c\u673a\u5bc6\u8bed\u201d\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5730\u70b9\u5747\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u865a\u201d\u8868\u8fbe\u6050\u6015\u4e0d\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u60c5\u8282\u5e76\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u4e2d\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5370\u8bc1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6000\u7591\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u7ed3\u8bed<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u65c5\u5927\u4ea4\u6d89\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u8bba\u8005\u5c06\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u7684\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u5acc\u7591\u4e0e\u5176\u4eb2\u4fc4\u5916\u4ea4\u5e76\u8bba\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u503c\u5f97\u5546\u69b7\u3002\u4ee5\u501f\u6b3e\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u603b\u7f72\u8bf8\u81e3\u4e2d\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u501f\u4fc4\u6b3e\u7684\u503e\u5411\u6700\u4e3a\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u6b64\u4fbf\u5f97\u51fa\u4ed6\u53d7\u5230\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u91d1\u94b1\u8bf1\u60d1\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e5f\u672a\u5fc5\u6070\u5f53\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u7532\u5348\u6218\u4e89\u540e\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e00\u76f4\u5021\u5bfc\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u8054\u4fc4\u5916\u4ea4\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u5230\u6e05\u5ef7\u7684\u5168\u529b\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u501f\u4fc4\u6b3e\u6b63\u662f\u5176\u8054\u4fc4\u653f\u7b56\u65b0\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5177\u4f53\u5230\u501f\u6b3e\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e5f\u5e76\u975e\u6beb\u65e0\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\u4ed6\u4ecd\u7136\u65bd\u201c\u4ee5\u5937\u5236\u5937\u201d\u7684\u8ba1\u7b56\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5229\u7528\u82f1\u56fd\u6765\u7275\u5236\u4fc4\u56fd\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u5176\u964d\u4f4e\u501f\u6b3e\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u524d\u8ff0\u4fc4\u65b9\u7535\u51fd\u4e2d\u6240\u8bb01898\u5e741\u670823\u65e5\u4ed6\u4e0e\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u3001\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u7684\u5bc6\u8c08\u5373\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u539f\u59cb\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7f3a\u4e4f\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u5ed3\u6e05\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5f7b\u5e95\u89e3\u51b3\u6b67\u5f02\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4ecd\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u6750\u6599\u7684\u722c\u68b3\u6bd4\u8bc1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f80\u4ec5\u51ed\u4fc4\u56fd\u5355\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6750\u6599\u505a\u51fa\u674e\u3001\u5f20\u201c\u53d7\u8d3f\u201d\u7684\u5b9a\u8bba\u662f\u4e0d\u9002\u5f53\u7684\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u6863\u6848\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5b58\u5728\u8bf8\u591a\u7591\u70b9\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u63a8\u65ad\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4fc4\u56fd\u9a7b\u534e\u5b98\u5458\u79c1\u541e\u4e86\u8fd9\u7b14\u6b3e\u9879\u3002\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u53c2\u9605\u8881\u4f1f\u65f6\uff1a\u300a\u665a\u6e05\u5927\u53d8\u5c40\u4e2d\u7684\u601d\u6f6e\u548c\u4eba\u7269\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c318\u9875\u3002\uff09\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5f53\u65f6\u749e\u79d1\u7b2c\u4e0e\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u81f4\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u51fd\u7535\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u7591\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u63a8\u65ad\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u9053\u7406\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u8bba\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u5145\u5206\u7684\u6750\u6599\u548c\u5207\u5b9e\u7684\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u4fc4\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6863\u6848\u8d44\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6574\u7406\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6765\u6e90:\u5b66\u672f\u754c \u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u8981\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u4fc4\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u6e05\u5ef7\u5b98\u5458\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e0e\u5f20\u836b\u6853\u57281898\u5e74\u521d\u7684\u65c5\u5927\u79df\u501f\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u63a5\u53d7\u8fc7\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u7684 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[10],"tags":[11700,3211,10243,93,4713],"views":395,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39064"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=39064"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39064\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39065,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39064\/revisions\/39065"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=39064"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=39064"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=39064"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}