\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u6cd5\u5e08\u5854\u89c2\u5bdf<\/p>\n
\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\uff0c\u201cGreater Britain\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u67e5\u5c14\u65af\u00b7\u8fea\u5c14\u514b\uff08Charles Dilke\uff09\u4e8e1868\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u82f1\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u767d\u4eba\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u201c\u5c06\u82f1\u56fd\u4e4b\u58f0\u4f20\u5411\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6269\u97f3\u5668\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u53d1\u626c\u5149\u5927\u7684\u5374\u53e6\u6709\u5176\u4eba\uff1a\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u897f\u5229\uff08John Robert Seeley, 10 September 1834 \u2013 13 January 1895\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u662f\u9996\u521b\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u56f4\u7ed5\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u5ff5\u6700\u9ad8\u4ea7\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u662f\u4e2a\u5b66\u672f\u5e26\u660e\u661f\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u4f53\u5236\u5316\u7684\u5f00\u62d3\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7528\u897f\u5229\u7684\u539f\u6587\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a<\/p>\n
When we have accustomed ourselves to contemplate the whole Empire together and call it England, we shall see that here too is a United States. Here too is a homogeneous people, one in blood, language, religion, and laws, but dispersed over a boundless space.<\/p>\n
\u897f\u5229\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u82f1\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6709\u7740\u76f8\u540c\u8840\u8109\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\uff0c\u5206\u6563\u5728\u201c\u65e0\u8fb9\u65e0\u9645\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u8054\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f19\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u534a\u6bb5\u82f1\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u5bf9\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u662f\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6269\u6563\u3002\u201c\u6269\u6563\u201d\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u5185\u5377\u7684\u672c\u571f\u6d41\u5411\u672a\u7ecf\u5f7b\u5e95\u5f00\u62d3\u7684\u571f\u5730\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u6b96\u6c11\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u571f\u5730\u5c31\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5947\u602a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u897f\u5229\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u5f62\u5bb9\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u4e86\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u65f6\u7684\u5fc3\u4e0d\u5728\u7109\u4e2d\u5f81\u670d\u4e86\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u201d\uff08we seem, as it were, to have conquered half the world in a fit of absence of mind.\uff09\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u7684\u6269\u6563\u672a\u5fc5\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e319\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\uff1f\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u89c9\u9192\u7684\u6297\u4e89\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u540c\u60c5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6d77\u5916\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u6c11\u65cf\u4e89\u53d6\u540c\u7b49\u6743\u5229\u7684\u6297\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n
\u201c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bdd\u8bed\u4e4b\u4e0b\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u5b83\u8981\u56e2\u7ed3\u5e1d\u56fd\u672c\u571f\u4e0e\u201c\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u7684\u201d\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u90a6\u8054\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u8054\u90a6\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u662f\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3001\u897f\u5370\u5ea6\u7fa4\u5c9b\u548c\u597d\u671b\u89d2\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5370\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u8ffd\u6eaf\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u66f4\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u5ff5\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8981\u8ffd\u6eaf\u523019\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u5bf9\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff1a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u7d2f\u8d58\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\uff1f<\/p>\n
\uff08\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u653f\u7ecf\u519b\u5229\u76ca\u4e0d\u662f\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u3002\u5c06\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u89c6\u4e3a\u80fd\u591f\u7a33\u5b9a\u76c8\u5229\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d22\u4ea7\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f89\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u60ef\u6027\u3002\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u5e1d\u56fd\u800c\u8a00\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u5e38\u5907\u519b\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u5e03\u5c14\u6218\u4e89\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u81ea\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u7ef4\u6301\u5173\u952e\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\uff08\u5982\u82cf\u4f0a\u58eb\u8fd0\u6cb3\uff09\u4e0e\u7ef4\u6301\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\u662f\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5317\u7f8e\u72ec\u7acb\u6218\u4e89\u4e0e1837-1838\u5e74\u7684\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u81ea\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u66fc\u5f7b\u65af\u7279\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u624d\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u56fd\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u65b9\u9488\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u4e0d\u4e8c\u6cd5\u95e8\u3002\u5e1d\u56fd\u3001\u4e13\u5236\u3001\u6218\u4e89\u3001\u5c01\u95ed\uff1b\u5c9b\u56fd\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u548c\u5e73\u3001\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e00\u76ee\u4e86\u7136\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e1d\u56fd=\u6218\u4e89=\u4e13\u5236\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b49\u5f0f\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u6765\u662f\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u7f18\u7531\u7684\uff1a\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u6cd5\u5170\u897f\u5e1d\u56fd\u6b63\u662f\u524d\u8f66\u4e4b\u9274\uff0c\u662f\u5e1d\u56fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u6218\u4e89\u3001\u6df7\u4e71\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u8d25\u574f\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7406\u5e94\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u634d\u536b\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u201c\u751f\u800c\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u7406\u5ff5\u548c\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5bc6\u5c14\u7684\u4e66\u5199\u90a3\u91cc\u6c72\u53d6\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u800c\u53cd\u65b9\u4e5f\u8be5\u767b\u53f0\u4eae\u76f8\u4e86\u30021870\u5e74\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a19\u4e16\u7eaa\u53f2\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6027\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u65b0\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u94c1\u8def\u4e0e\u901a\u8baf\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u800c\u5174\u8d77\u4e86\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u5927\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u82f1\u5e1d\u56fd\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u4f4f\u5730\u4f4d\uff1f\u6709\u8bc6\u4e4b\u58eb\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u4e0e\u56e2\u7ed3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc5\u7531\u4e4b\u8def\u3002\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u73b0\u72b6\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6c11\u4f17\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u95e8\u8bdd\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u65b9\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0a\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u6279\u5224\u3002\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u6709\u5229\u6761\u4ef6\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8d70\u5f97\u901a\u7684\u9053\u8def\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u5f00\u62d3\u5e1d\u56fd\u8d38\u6613\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u53cd\u65b9\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u5168\u6210\u719f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8f6e\u5230\u897f\u5229\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u300a\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u300b\uff08The Expansion of England, 1883\uff09\u752b\u4e00\u9762\u5e02\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u7545\u9500\u4e66\u3002\u897f\u5229\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8d39\u5e0c\u5c14\uff08H.A.L. Fisher\uff09\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u65e2\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u201c\u5bb6\u55bb\u6237\u6653\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb6\u55bb\u6237\u6653\u7684\u77ed\u8bed\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u201c\u76ce\u683c\u9c81-\u6492\u514b\u900a\u79cd\u65cf\u5927\u4f17\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u3002\u201c\u6211\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u201d\u4ed6\u603b\u7ed3\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u5386\u53f2\u8457\u4f5c\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5982\u6b64\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u897f\u5229\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5927\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff1a\u201c\u7531\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u540c\u8d28\u7684\u4eba\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u8840\u7edf\u4e0a\u540c\u8d28\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u5b87\u5b99\u89c2\u4e0a\u4e5f\u540c\u8d28\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u575a\u6301\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u8be5\u5b58\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\uff1a\u79cd\u65cf\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u3001\u5229\u76ca\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u201c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u6bd4\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u5927\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u6240\u5c55\u73b0\u7684\u5730\u57df\u6269\u5f20\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6587\u5316\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u201c\u3002<\/p>\n
Greater Britain . . . is a vast English nation, only a nation so widely dispersed that before the age of steam and electricity its strong natural bonds of race and religion seemed practically dissolved by distance. As soon as it is proved by the example of the United States and Russia that political union over vast areas has begun to be possible, so soon Greater Britain starts up, not only a reality, but a robust reality.\u201c<\/p>\n
\u201c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u201d\u2026\u2026\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e45\u5458\u8fbd\u9614\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5206\u6563\u5f97\u5982\u6b64\u4e4b\u5e7f\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u5728\u84b8\u6c7d\u548c\u7535\u529b\u65f6\u4ee3\u5230\u6765\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u4e4b\u95f4\u7262\u56fa\u7684\u5929\u7136\u7ebd\u5e26\u4f3c\u4e4e\u51e0\u4e4e\u88ab\u8ddd\u79bb\u6240\u6d88\u89e3\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u5730\u533a\u5efa\u7acb\u653f\u6cbb\u8054\u76df\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u201c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u201d\u5c31\u4f1a\u5efa\u6210\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n
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The colonies and India are in opposite extremes. Whatever political maxims are most applicable to one, are most inapplicable to the other. In the colonies everything is brand-new. There you have the most progressive race put in the circumstances most favourable to progress. There you have no past and an unbounded future. Government and institutions are all ultra-English. All is liberty, industry, invention, innovation, and as yet tranquillity.<\/p>\n
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1884\u5e74\uff0c\u300a\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u300b\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e74\uff0c\u5e1d\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u534f\u4f1a\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u3002\u534f\u4f1a\u9996\u4efb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u798f\u65af\u7279\u4e3a\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/p>\n
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\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n
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\u7b54\u6848\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n
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\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b66\u751f\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u5e1d\u56fd\u53f2\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u5e1d\u56fd\u572817-18\u4e16\u7eaa\u7ade\u9010\u5bcc\u5f3a\u4e2d\u80dc\u51fa\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u897f\u5229\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u4e66\u5199\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u8eab\u540e\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6210\u771f\u4e86\uff1a\u201c\u5e1d\u56fd\u53f2\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u201d\u3002\u800c\u4e24\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\u654c\u5bf9\u5173\u7cfb\u53c8\u7ed9\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u89c2\u5ff5\u4ee5\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u63a8\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u82f1\u5e1d\u56fd\u53f2\u7684\u4e66\u5199\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5960\u5b9a\uff1a\u6587\u660e-\u91ce\u86ee\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\/\u81ea\u7531-\u4e13\u5236\u7b49\u4e8c\u5143\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4eca\u540e\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u5185\u4e66\u5199\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e66\u5199\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u751a\u81f3\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u7cbe\u82f1\u601d\u8003\u6218\u540e\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/p>\n
John Robert Seeley, The Expansion of England\uff0c1883.<\/p>\n
\u65bd\u534e\u8f89\uff0c\u82f1\u5e1d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e66\u5199\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c2017.<\/p>\n
Duncan Bell, The Idea of Greater Britain: Empire and the Future of World Order, 1860-1900, 2007.<\/p>\n
\u963f\u897f\u5a1c\u00b7\u8d5b\u5229\u4e9a\u56fe\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u3001\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u3001\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\uff1a\u82f1\u5e1d\u56fd\u53f2\u53ca\u5176\u6d41\u88d4\uff0c2012.<\/p>\n
\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5bc6\u5c14\uff0c\u4ee3\u8bae\u5236\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c1997(1861).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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