{"id":40945,"date":"2024-09-09T13:29:11","date_gmt":"2024-09-09T05:29:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=40945"},"modified":"2024-09-09T13:29:11","modified_gmt":"2024-09-09T05:29:11","slug":"%e5%ad%99%e4%b8%ad%e5%b1%b1%e4%b8%8e%e5%a4%b4%e5%b1%b1%e6%bb%a1%e4%ba%a4%e5%be%80%e8%bf%b0%e7%95%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=40945","title":{"rendered":"\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u4ea4\u5f80\u8ff0\u7565"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u8981\uff1a<\/strong><strong>\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u9769\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u66fe\u79ef\u6781\u4e89\u53d6\u65e5\u672c\u671d\u91ce\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u4e0e\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/strong><strong>\u4ed6\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u6d6a\u4eba\u9996\u9886\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\uff0c\u6709\u957f\u8fbe28\u5e74\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u7ec8\u751f\u7684\u53cb\u8c0a\u3002<\/strong><strong>\u6587\u7ae0\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u65e5\u76f8\u5173\u53f2\u6599\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u53f2\u4e8b\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u68b3\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4ea4\u5f80\u5728\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u8d77\u4f55\u79cd\u4f5c\u7528\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e88\u4ee5\u63a2\u8ba8\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com\/images\/20191228\/e52d8e445e5749da9270fe3cb701a5f3.jpeg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5b59\u6587\u5de6\u624b\u8fb9\u5750\u8005\u4e3a\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com\/images\/20191228\/89be0dddc30c4be4b7745a513c4aaeb6.jpeg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u7cbe\u6b66\u82f1\u96c4\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u53f0\u8bcd<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u4ece\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u5bf9\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e30\u7855\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u4e9b\u88ab\u56de\u907f\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u6709\u4e86\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fbf\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u5927\u9646\u6d6a\u4eba\uff08\u53c8\u79f0\u652f\u90a3\u6d6a\u4eba\uff09\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u2460\u3002\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u5176\u9769\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bfb\u6c42\u65e5\u672c\u671d\u91ce\u63f4\u52a9\uff0c\u662f\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u4e0e\u6d6a\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u5b59\u6587\u5b66\u8bf4\u300b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u56de\u987e\uff0c\u5728\u53d9\u53ca\u81ea\u5df1\u6d41\u4ea1\u65e5\u672c\u671f\u95f4\u5f97\u5230\u8be5\u56fd\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u652f\u6301\u65f6\uff0c\u4fbf\u63d0\u5230\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u2461\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u65e5\u8d44\u6599\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6d6a\u4eba\u53c2\u4e0e\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u9769\u547d\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u524d\u540e\u6709\u6570\u5341\u540d\u4e4b\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6d6a\u4eba\u754c\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5168\u56fd\u5fd7\u58eb\u7684\u603b\u5e05\u201d[1](P94) \u7684\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\uff0c \u5728\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u8d77\u7740\u4f55\u79cd\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u6325\u5176\u201c\u6d6a\u4eba\u6307\u4f7f\u8005\u201d\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7814\u7a76\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u6709\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u65e8\uff0c\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u7ea628\u5e74\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u53f2\u4e8b\uff0c\u5398\u6e05\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u515a\u9886\u8896\u540c\u5927\u9646\u6d6a\u4eba\u9996\u9886\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u8f68\u8ff9\u548c\u5404\u81ea\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u63a2\u8ba8\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53cb\u8c0a\u80fd\u591f\u59cb\u7ec8\u7ef4\u6301\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e00<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\uff08\u5b57\u7acb\u4e91\uff0c1855\uff5e1944\uff09\u751f\u4e8e\u798f\u5188\u85e9\u6b66\u58eb\u5bb6\u5ead\u3002\u539f\u59d3\u7b52\u4e95\uff0c\u8fc7\u7ee7\u6bcd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ece\u6bcd\u59d3\u3002\u636e\u8f7d\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u56e0\u53c2\u52a0\u53cd\u653f\u5e9c\u6d3b\u52a8\u5165\u72f1\uff0c1877\u5e74\u897f\u5357\u6218\u4e89\u540e\u51fa\u72f1\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u53c2\u52a0\u56fd\u4f1a\u5f00\u8bbe\u8bf7\u613f\u6d3b\u52a8\u30021879\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u7bb1\u7530\u516d\u8f85\u3001\u5e73\u5188\u6d69\u592a\u90ce\u7b49\u4eba\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5411\u9633\u793e\uff0c\u4e24\u5e74\u540e\u6539\u7ec4\u4e3a\u7384\u6d0b\u793e\u3002\u4e2d\u65e5\u7532\u5348\u6218\u4e89\u524d\u5915\uff0c\u53c8\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5929\u4f51\u4fa0\u30021900\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u56fd\u6c11\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\uff08\u540e\u6539\u540d\u5bf9\u4fc4\u540c\u5fd7\u4f1a\uff09\uff0c\u5ba3\u79f0\u8981\u201c\u89e3\u51b3\u6ee1\u6d32\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u30021901\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u9ed1\u9f99\u4f1a\u30021908\u5e74\u53c8\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6d6a\u4eba\u4f1a\u3002\u5e73\u5188\u6d69\u592a\u90ce\u66fe\u4efb\u7384\u6d0b\u793e\u793e\u957f\uff0c\u5176\u59ea\u5185\u7530\u826f\u5e73\u662f\u9ed1\u9f99\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e72\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5747\u662f\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u65e9\u671f\u9769\u547d\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7384\u6d0b\u793e\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5b66\u8005\u8bfa\u66fc\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u7384\u6d0b\u793e\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u4fb5\u7565\u7684\u524d\u9a71\u201d\uff1b\u201c\u798f\u5188\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u6700\u72c2\u70ed\u4e00\u6d3e\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u53d1\u7965\u5730\u201d[2](P104)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u65e0\u804c\u65e0\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ed6\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u670d\u81ba\u5f53\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5927\u4e9a\u6d32\u4e3b\u4e49\u5373\u4e9a\u6d32\u95e8\u7f57\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u8d5e\u6210\u4e1c\u4e9a\u540c\u6587\u4f1a\u5ba3\u626c\u7684\u201c\u652f\u90a3\u4fdd\u5168\u8bba\u201d\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u201c\u65e5\u652f\u4e00\u5bb6\u201d\uff0c\u9f13\u5439\u4e2d\u65e5\u201c\u63d0\u643a\u201d\u3001\u201c\u878d\u5408\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u65e5\u672c\u4e3a\u201c\u4e1c\u6d0b\u7684\u76df\u4e3b\u201d\uff0c\u6392\u65a5\u6b27\u7f8e\u5217\u5f3a\uff0c\u201c\u5316\u4e1c\u6d0b\u5168\u4f53\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u7687\u9053\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u8054\u4e1c\u6d0b\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\uff0c\u5efa\u8bbe\u7687\u9053\u4e50\u571f\u201d\uff0c\u51e1\u6b64\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u201c\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u5927\u9646\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u7406\u60f3\u201d[3](P107\uff5e108)\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u4ee5\u5176\u65e9\u671f\u66fe\u53c2\u52a0\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u6743\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u4e0e\u5927\u9688\u91cd\u4fe1\u3001\u677f\u57a3\u9000\u52a9\u3001\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u7b49\u653f\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\u6709\u7740\u5bc6\u5207\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ed6\u66f4\u5229\u7528\u7384\u6d0b\u793e\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u53f3\u7ffc\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7f16\u7ec7\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u6240\u53ca\uff0c\u8fbe\u4e8e\u519b\u3001\u8d22\u7b49\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u5927\u9646\u6d6a\u4eba\u5927\u591a\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u804c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u519b\u90e8\u3001\u5b9e\u4e1a\u5bb6\u3001\u65b0\u95fb\u793e\u3001\u6742\u5fd7\u793e\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u95f4\u6709\u5fd7\u8005\u90a3\u91cc\u9886\u53d6\u8c03\u67e5\u8d39\u3001\u673a\u5bc6\u8d39\u3001\u8865\u52a9\u91d1\u3001\u8d60\u6b3e\u3001\u7a3f\u916c\u7b49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u6d3b\u8d39[4](P20)\u3002\u5728\u534e\u6d6a\u4eba\u9664\u4e86\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd8\u529e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6d3b\u52a8\u57fa\u5730\u5e76\u57f9\u517b\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u65e5\u6e05\u8d38\u6613\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3001\u5357\u4eac\uff08\u540e\u8fc1\u4e0a\u6d77\uff09\u7684\u4e1c\u4e9a\u540c\u6587\u4e66\u9662\u3001\u6c49\u53e3\u5317\u4eac\u7b49\u5904\u7684\u4e50\u5584\u5802\u3001\u300a\u6c49\u62a5\u300b\u3001\u300a\u95fd\u62a5\u300b\u7b49\u62a5\u9986\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e7f\u5dde\u7b49\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u4e1c\u4e9a\u540c\u6587\u4f1a\u652f\u90e8\u7b49\uff0c\u6df1\u5177\u6218\u7565\u773c\u5149\u3002\u63d2\u624b\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5176\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6d41\u4ea1\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u662f\u4ece1897\u5e748\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u9996\u5148\u9047\u5230\u7684\u6d6a\u4eba\uff0c \u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u9886\u53d6\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u7ecf\u8d39\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u5357\u65b9\u8c03\u67e5\u4f1a\u515a\u6d3b\u52a8\u521a\u8fd4\u62b5\u6a2a\u6ee8\u7684\u5bab\u5d0e\u5bc5\u85cf\u4e0e\u5e73\u5c71\u5468\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u5e73\u5c71\u5468\u8d74\u4e1c\u4eac\u5411\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u7531\u72ac\u517b\u5411\u9688\u677f\u5185\u9601\u758f\u901a\uff0c\u51c6\u8bb8\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5c45\u7559\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e73\u5c71\u5468\u6c49\u6587\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u9886\u53d6\u51c6\u5c45\u8bc1\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u8b66\u65b9\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5728\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u540c\u7b49\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u4e0d\u4fbf\u51fa\u9762\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u4fbf\u7531\u5934\u5c71\u53bb\u5904\u7406\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5bb9\u8bb8\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6d41\u4ea1\u8be5\u56fd\u7684\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u662f\u5341\u5206\u660e\u786e\u7684\uff0c1898\u5e742\u67083\u65e5\u72ac\u517b\u81f4\u9646\u5b9e\uff08\u5b57\u7faf\u5357\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4efb\u300a\u65e5\u672c\u65b0\u95fb\u300b\u4e3b\u7f16\uff09\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u62dc\u542f\uff1a\u6301\u5448\u51fd\u4e4b\u5e73\u5c71\u5468\u6c0f\u73b0\u4e0e\u5b59\u9038\u4ed9\u6c0f\u540c\u5bd3\u4e00\u5904\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u5c1a\u6709\u738b\u9648\uff08\u6307\u738b\u8d28\u752b\u3001\u9648\u5c11\u767d\u2014\u2014\u5f15\u8005\uff09\u4e8c\u4eba\u6765\u6b64\u3002\u5f7c\u7b49\u4ea6\u5e7f\u4e1c\u9769\u547d\u515a\u5458\u3002\u5f1f\u523b\u4e0b\u5367\u75c5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bf8\u4e8b\u4e0d\u80fd\u517c\u987e\u3002\u4e0e\u795e\u97ad\u541b\u78cb\u5546\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u52a1\u8bf7\u543e\u5144\u4ee3\u4e3a\u7167\u987e\u5f7c\u7b49\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u751f\u6d3b\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u7531\u5e73\u5188\u6d69\u592a\u90ce\u6c0f\u6309\u6708\u9001\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u65e5\u5f53\u9762\u8c22\u5e73\u5188\u4e5f\u3002\u613f\u543e\u5144\u5c06\u5f7c\u7b49\u638c\u63e1\u4f4f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5907\u4ed6\u65e5\u4e4b\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u76ee\u4e0b\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5373\u65f6\u53ef\u7528\u4e5f\u3002\u5f7c\u7b49\u867d\u662f\u4e00\u6279\u65e0\u4ef7\u503c\u4e4b\u7269\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u613f\u4ee5\u91cd\u91d1\u8d2d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u3002\u81ea\u53bb\u5c81\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5f1f\u5373\u6697\u4e2d\u7740\u624b\u4f5c\u6b64\u8ba1\u5212\u77e3\u3002\u4e66\u4e0d\u5c3d\u610f\u3002\u201d[5](P97) \u4fe1\u5199\u5f97\u5341\u5206\u5766\u7387\uff0c\u6bcb\u5eb8\u4f5c\u6ce8\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e5\u540e\u5373\u662f\u6309\u6b64\u5b97\u65e8\u529e\u4e8b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u662f\u4f55\u65f6\u5f00\u59cb\u4ea4\u5f80\u7684\uff0c\u53f2\u6599\u65e0\u8bc1\u3002\u636e\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u7684\u79d8\u4e66\u85e4\u672c\u5c1a\u5219\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u300a\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u7fc1\u6b63\u4f20\u00b7\u5e74\u8c31\u300b\u8bb0\u8ff0\uff1a1898\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u4e0e\u5bab\u5d0e\u3001\u5b59\u6587\u89c1\u9762[6]\u3002\u6b64\u8bf4\u5f53\u662f\u6709\u636e\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u665a\u5e74\u8bb2\u5230\u4ed6\u652f\u6301\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u65f6\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u5f7c\u62b1\u6709\u70ed\u70c8\u7684\u6551\u56fd\u7231\u6c11\u9769\u547d\u5fd7\u671b\uff0c\u6b64\u56fa\u4e0d\u5f85\u8a00\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5f7c\u4ea6\u662f\u80fd\u96c6\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u8d22\uff0c\u6563\u4e4b\u4e8e\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u4eba\u4e5f\u3002\u4f59\u6709\u7779\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u4e43\u4fe1\u5f7c\u662f\u8db3\u4ee5\u7edf\u6cbb\u56db\u767e\u4f59\u5dde\u4e4b\u82f1\u96c4\u4e5f\u3002\u201d[7](P188\uff5e189) \u5934\u5c71\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bdd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u515a\u6b63\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6267\u653f\uff0c\u7528\u8bcd\u4e5f\u5c31\u6587\u96c5\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u638c\u63e1\u201c\u4ee5\u5907\u4ed6\u65e5\u4e4b\u7528\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u6750\u6599\u770b\uff0c\u6b66\u660c\u8d77\u4e49\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u6307\u6325\u6d6a\u4eba\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5185\u7530\u826f\u5e73\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u76f4\u63a5\u8054\u7cfb\u5e76\u4e0d\u592a\u591a\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u53f2\u6276\u90bb\u6559\u6388\u8bf4\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u6c99\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u4eba\u7269\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u5e55\u540e\u6307\u5bfc\u7740\u4ed6\u7684\u798f\u5188\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u7684\u6218\u7565\u3002\u201d[8](P129) 1900\u5e746\u67086\u65e5\uff0c\u7531\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u3001\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u7b49\u505a\u4e1c\uff0c\u5728\u7ea2\u53f6\u9986\u4e3a\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u79bb\u65e5\u8d74\u5357\u6d0b\u9001\u884c[9]\u3002\u4e3a\u7b56\u5212\u534e\u5357\u201c\u72ec\u7acb\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5173\u7167\uff0c\u4e2d\u91ce\u5fb7\u6b21\u90ce\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e865\u5343\u65e5\u5143\u7ecf\u8d39\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8d74\u5357\u6d0b\u3001\u8fd4\u4e0a\u6d77\u3001\u5230\u53f0\u6e7e\uff0c\u5185\u7530\u826f\u5e73\u3001\u5bab\u5d0e\u5bc5\u85cf\u3001\u5e73\u5c71\u5468\u3001\u6e05\u85e4\u5e78\u4e03\u90ce\u7b49\u4e00\u6279\u65e5\u672c\u6d6a\u4eba\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u8ffd\u968f\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5c71\u7530\u826f\u653f\u5219\u6b7b\u4e8e\u60e0\u5dde\u4e4b\u5f79\u30021905\u5e748\u670820\u65e5\u4e2d\u56fd\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u5728\u4e1c\u4eac\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u4e8b\u524d\u53ec\u5f00\u7b79\u5907\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u662f\u8d64\u5742\u6867\u753a3\u756a\u5730\u9ed1\u9f99\u4f1a\u672c\u90e8\uff08\u5185\u7530\u826f\u5e73\u5b85\uff09\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u6709\u5bab\u5d0e\u5bc5\u85cf\u3001\u5e73\u5c71\u5468\u3001\u8431\u91ce\u957f\u77e5\u7b496\u540d\u6d6a\u4eba\u52a0\u5165\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u9769\u547d\u5f62\u52bf\u65e5\u76ca\u9ad8\u6da8\u30021907\u5e74\u6625\uff0c\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u7531\u5e86\u4eb2\u738b\u51fa\u9762\uff0c\u81f4\u51fd\u4f0a\u85e4\u535a\u6587\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u65e5\u672c\u9a71\u9010\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u51fa\u5883\u3002\u4f0a\u85e4\u63a5\u53d7\u5185\u7530\u826f\u5e73\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u7559\u6709\u4f59\u5730\uff0c\u7531\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u6309\u5f53\u5e74\u5bf9\u5f85\u5eb7\u6709\u4e3a\u7684\u89c4\u683c\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7b14\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u8ba9\u5176\u81ea\u884c\u79bb\u5f00\uff0c3\u5e74\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u6765\u3002\u7ecf\u529e\u6b64\u4e8b\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u795e\u97ad\u77e5\u5e38\u7684\u5973\u5a7f\u3001\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u653f\u52a1\u5c40\u957f\u5c71\u5ea7\u5706\u6b21\u90ce\uff08\u540e\u4efb\u65e5\u672c\u9a7b\u82f1\u4f7f\u9986\u53c2\u4e8b\u5b98\u3001\u9a7b\u534e\u516c\u4f7f\uff09\u30021910\u5e74\uff0c3\u5e74\u671f\u5c4a\u6ee1\uff0c \u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u901a\u8fc7\u5bab\u5d0e\u5bc5\u85cf\u3001\u91d1\u5b50\u514b\u5df1\u7b49\u6d6a\u4eba\u4e0e\u9646\u519b\u5927\u81e3\u5bfa\u5185\u6b63\u6bc5\u8054\u7cfb\u89e3\u7981\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u4ea6\u8d74\u65e5\u672c\u9a7b\u82f1\u4f7f\u9986\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u63a5\u5f85\u4ed6\u7684\u5c71\u5ea7\u53c2\u4e8b\u5b98\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6539\u6613\u59d3\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u767b\u5cb8\u3002\u662f\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e1c\u8fd4\uff0c\u5316\u540d\u201c\u963f\u7f57\u54c8\u201d\u5728\u6a2a\u6ee8\u5165\u5883\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u516c\u4f7f\u9986\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u7ecf\u4ea4\u6d89\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4e0d\u62df\u7559\u5bb9\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u53ea\u5f97\u53c8\u5306\u5306\u79bb\u53bb\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u5f53\u9053\u8ba8\u597d\u6e05\u5ef7\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u72ac\u517b\u3001\u5934\u5c71\u867d\u6b32\u76f8\u52a9\u4e5f\u65e0\u5904\u7740\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1911\u5e742\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u81f4\u51fd\u5bab\u5d0e\uff0c \u5185\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u6b63\u6708\u5341\u516b\u65e5\u6765\u51fd\u5e76\u300a\u4e1c\u4e9a\u4e49\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5219\u300b\u4e00\u7eb8\uff0c\u63a5\u8bfb\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u559c\u6781\u6b32\u72c2\u3002\u5bfa\u5185\u9646\u76f8\u3001\u9646\u519b\u5c06\u6821\u53ca\u6c11\u95f4\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u65e2\u5982\u6b64\u8868\u540c\u60c5\u4e8e\u652f\u90a3\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u4e3e\uff0c\u5219\u543e\u4e8b\u53ef\u65e0\u5fe7\u77e3\u3002\u201d\u53c8\u79f0\u5176\u751a\u6b32\u5230\u6a2a\u6ee8\u9a7b\u8db3\uff0c\u201c\u671b\u5148\u751f\u53ca\u72ac\u517b\u3001\u5934\u5c71\u4e24\u7fc1\u4ee3\u4e3a\u7aed\u529b\u56fe\u4e4b\uff0c\u65e0\u9650\u5207\u7977\u201d[10](P512,520)\u30025\u670820\u65e5\uff0c\u518d\u81f4\u51fd\u5bab\u5d0e\uff0c\u8be2\u95ee\u8fd4\u65e5\u5c45\u4f4f\u4e8b\uff0c\u5e76\u8be2\u4e1c\u4e9a\u5927\u52bf\u53ca\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5fc3\u8d8b\u5411\uff0c\u671b\u8be6\u544a\u4ee5\u4ffe\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u4e14\u6b32\u4e86\u89e3\u72ac\u517b\u3001\u5934\u5c71\u7b49\u4eba\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e4b\u4e1c\u4e9a\u4e49\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5c55\u5982\u4f55\u30026\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u6536\u5230\u6d6a\u4eba\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u6d77\u519b\u7701\u5728\u534e\u5750\u63a2\u5b97\u65b9\u5c0f\u592a\u90ce\u6765\u51fd\uff1b7\u670816\u65e5\u590d\u51fd\u5b97\u65b9\uff0c\u76fc\u7ed3\u5408\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u542f\u5bfc\u8206\u8bba\uff0c\u6e38\u8bf4\u5f53\u5c40\uff0c \u652f\u6301\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u300222\u65e5\u5b97\u65b9\u6536\u5230\u8be5\u51fd\uff0c\u65cb\u8f6c\u5bc4\u6d77\u519b\u519b\u4ee4\u90e8\uff0c\u672a\u89c1\u4e0b\u6587\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u6b66\u660c\u8d77\u4e49\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5bfb\u6c42\u8fd4\u56de\u65e5\u672c\u5e76\u4e89\u53d6\u5176\u519b\u90e8\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u652f\u6301\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5747\u544a\u843d\u7a7a\u3002\u6b66\u660c\u8d77\u4e49\u540e\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u6d6a\u4eba\u754c\u7acb\u5373\u52a8\u5458\u8d77\u6765\u30021911\u5e7410\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u7b49200\u4f59\u4eba\u5728\u4e1c\u4eac\u65e5\u6bd4\u8c37\u516c\u56ed\u4e3e\u884c\u201c\u6d6a\u4eba\u4f1a\u201d\uff0c\u51b3\u8bae\u4fc3\u4f7f\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u7acb\uff0c\u4e89\u53d6\u5185\u5916\u652f\u6301\u300211\u6708\u4e0a\u65ec\uff0c\u5185\u7530\u826f\u5e73\u7b49\u6d6a\u4eba\u53c8\u5728\u4e1c\u4eac\u53ec\u5f00\u201c\u6709\u90bb\u4f1a\u201d\u7b79\u5907\u4f1a\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u6d3e\u4eba\u8d74\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0e\u9769\u547d\u515a\u8054\u7edc\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u589e\u8fdb\u5b98\u65b9\u4e0e\u6c11\u95f4\u4eba\u58eb\u4e4b\u7406\u89e3\u201d\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u7b49\u4eba\u8fd8\u6210\u7acb\u201c\u5584\u90bb\u540c\u5fd7\u4f1a\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u63f4\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u3002\u5728\u6b66\u6c49\u6218\u4e8b\u6b63\u7d27\u65f6\uff0c\u9ec4\u5174\u5bf9\u8ffd\u968f\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u8431\u91ce\u957f\u77e5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8d76\u7d27\u81f4\u7535\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\uff0c\u4fc3\u5176\u5c3d\u5feb\u8fd4\u56fd\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u4ed6\u81f4\u7535\u72ac\u517b\u3001\u5934\u5c71\uff0c\u8be2\u95ee\u53d6\u5f97\u5929\u4e0b\u540e\u91c7\u7528\u4f55\u79cd\u6cbb\u56fd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf7\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u534e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5927\u6279\u6d6a\u4eba\u6d8c\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u2462\uff0c\u4e0d\u76f8\u7edf\u5c5e\uff0c\u4e71\u54c4\u54c4\u7684\uff0c\u50cf\u5f00\u201c\u6d6a\u4eba\u5c55\u89c8\u4f1a\u201d\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u72ac\u517b\u3001\u5934\u5c71\u4e5f\u6df1\u611f\u6709\u4eb2\u8d74\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1911\u5e7412\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u5230\u8fbe\u4e0a\u6d77\u300212\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8fd4\u62b5\u56fd\u95e8\u3002\u5bab\u5d0e\u5bc5\u85cf\u3001\u5c71\u7530\u7eaf\u4e09\u90ce\u7b49\u4e00\u6279\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u524d\u5f80\u9999\u6e2f\u8fce\u5019\uff0c\u540c\u8239\u62b5\u6caa\u3002\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u4ee5\u53ca\u591a\u540d\u65e5\u672c\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u3001\u519b\u4eba\u53ca\u6d6a\u4eba\u5230\u7801\u5934\u8fce\u63a5\u300212\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5e26\u7740\u4e00\u6279\u968f\u884c\u4eba\u5458\u62b5\u8fbe\u4e0a\u6d77[6](P247)\u2463\uff0c\u5165\u4f4f\u4e30\u9633\u9986\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u6d6a\u4eba\u3001\u519b\u4eba\u968f\u5373\u7eb7\u7eb7\u8d8b\u5019\u3002\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u79f0\u5934\u5c71\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u5c45\u6240\u4e3a\u201c\u5b89\u5b85\u4e4b\u5173\u201d\uff0c\u51e1\u6b32\u5f80\u5357\u4eac\u4f1a\u89c1\u5b59\u3001\u9ec4\u8005\uff0c\u5747\u9700\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u53e3\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u5bf9\u4eba\u8bf4\uff1a\u90bb\u90a6\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u5171\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u56fd\u4f53\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u8fd8\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u8981\u652f\u6301\u9769\u547d\u6d3e\uff0c\u201c\u652f\u6301\u9769\u547d\u515a\u53d6\u5f97\u653f\u6743\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u5f97\u5230\u6ee1\u8499\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u540c\u9769\u547d\u6d3e\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e3b\u5f20\u5171\u548c\u800c\u653e\u5f03\u652f\u6301\u9769\u547d\u515a\u201d[2](P119)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u62b5\u6caa\u540e\uff0c\u65e5\u524d\u7531\u6b66\u6c49\u6765\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u9ec4\u5174\u5373\u53bb\u89c1\u4ed6\u3002\u6b21\u65e5\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u5728\u51e0\u540d\u4eb2\u4fe1\u966a\u540c\u4e0b\uff0c\u5230\u6cd5\u79df\u754c\u5927\u9a6c\u8def408\u53f7\u62dc\u8bbf\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u300229\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\uff1b30\u65e5\u665a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u7487\u5bab\u65c5\u9986\u4e3e\u884c\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u65b0\u95fb\u62ab\u9732\u4f1a\uff0c\u62db\u5f85\u5728\u6caa\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u6765\u5bbe\u6709\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u3001\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u53ca\u5404\u516c\u53f8\u4ee3\u8868\u3001\u65b0\u95fb\u8bb0\u8005\u53ca\u72ac\u517b\u3001\u5934\u5c71\u7684\u968f\u884c\u4eba\u5458\u3002\u5b59\u5728\u8bb2\u8bdd\u4e2d\u8bf4\u5230\uff0c\u201c\u671b\u4eca\u540e\u7531\u4e8e\u5404\u4f4d\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5f97\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u6108\u76ca\u4eb2\u5bc6\uff0c\u66f4\u8fdb\u800c\u5bc6\u5207\u4e0e\u6b27\u7f8e\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7cfb\u6211\u7b49\u771f\u6b63\u5e0c\u671b\u6240\u5728\u201d\u3002\u72ac\u517b\u4e5f\u5728\u4f1a\u4e0a\u81f4\u8f9e[6](P250)\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5357\u4eac\u4e34\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\u5e0c\u671b\u5f97\u5230\u5404\u56fd\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4f46\u5305\u62ec\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5217\u5f3a\u5747\u4e88\u62d2\u7edd\u3002\u65e9\u57281911\u5e7410\u670824\u65e5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5185\u9601\u5df2\u5f00\u4f1a\u51b3\u8bae\uff0c\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a8\u884c\u5176\u5927\u9646\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e00\u4e2a\uff08\u6216\u51e0\u4e2a\uff09\u8f6f\u5f31\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u7acb\u5728\u534e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f18\u52bf\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f3a\u673a\u5e76\u541e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u90e8\u6216\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5927\u9646\u6d6a\u4eba\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u4e0d\u51fa\u6b64\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5e76\u65e0\u597d\u611f\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u201c\u975e\u8881\u83ab\u5c5e\u201d\u8206\u8bba\u751a\u56a3\u5c18\u4e0a\u3001\u8881\u4e4b\u53d6\u4ee3\u6e05\u5ef7\u5df2\u6210\u5b9a\u5c40\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u4e0e\u8881\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5357\u5317\u8bae\u548c\u7684\u7126\u70b9\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u6267\u653f\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u5171\u548c\u653f\u4f53\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8ba9\u6743\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u3001\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u53cd\u5bf9\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u505c\u6b62\u5317\u4f10\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u8206\u8bba\u70ed\u5207\u5e0c\u671b\u548c\u5e73\u7edf\u4e00\u662f\u76f8\u6096\u7684\u30021912\u5e741\u67088\u65e5\uff0c\u72ac\u517b\u3001\u5934\u5c71\u7531\u5bab\u5d0e\u3001\u8431\u91ce\u53ca\u5bfa\u5c3e\u4ea8\u966a\u540c\u8d74\u5357\u4eac\uff0c\u5728\u4e0e\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3001\u9ec4\u5174\u4f1a\u6664\u65f6\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0d\u5e94\u5317\u4e0a\u4e0e\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4f1a\u89c1\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5b59\u672a\u4e88\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5e76\u65e0\u5317\u4e0a\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u7b49\u4eba\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\u53cd\u5bf9\u5b59\u8881\u5408\u4f5c\u89e3\u51b3\u56fd\u662f\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u662f\u72ac\u517b\u3001\u5934\u5c71\u63d0\u51fa\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u5c91\u6625\u714a\u3001\u5eb7\u6709\u4e3a\u641e\u201c\u5927\u540c\u56e2\u7ed3\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6297\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5efa\u8bae\u7f3a\u4e4f\u53ef\u884c\u6027\uff0c\u4ea6\u906d\u5230\u5b59\u3001\u9ec4\u53cd\u5bf9[6](P247,248)\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8ba9\u6743\uff0c\u4fc3\u6210\u5357\u5317\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u9769\u547d\u515a\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5b59\u3001\u9ec4\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u3001\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u8fd8\u6eaf\u6c5f\u8d74\u6b66\u6c49\uff0c\u6e38\u8bf4\u9ece\u5143\u6d2a\uff0c\u65e0\u529f\u800c\u8fd4\u3002\u89c1\u4e8b\u65e0\u53ef\u4e3a\uff0c1\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u5148\u884c\u56de\u56fd\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u4e58\u201c\u698a\u4e38\u201d\u8d74\u5927\u8fde\uff0c\u7ecf\u5949\u5929\uff08\u8fbd\u5b81\uff09\u3001\u671d\u9c9c\u8fd4\u65e5\u672c\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7801\u5934\uff0c\u4ec5\u6709\u4f55\u5929\u70af\u7b49\u51e0\u4e2a\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u53bb\u9001\u884c\uff0c\u573a\u9762\u9887\u4e3a\u51b7\u843d\u3002\u8239\u51fa\u5434\u6dde\u53e3\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u770b\u5230\u767d\u9e25\u6210\u7fa4\u98de\u7fd4\uff0c\u8131\u53e3\u8bf4\u51fa\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u6d77\u9e25\u4ee3\u652f\u90a3\u4eba\u6765\u9001\u522b\u201d\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e0d\u6ee1\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u6ea2\u4e8e\u8a00\u8868\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u56de\u5230\u4e1c\u4eac\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u5e2d\u94f6\u5ea7\u7684\u6b22\u8fce\u4f1a\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u8bf7\u4ed6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6b64\u884c\u89c2\u611f\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b64\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u662f\u818f\u836f\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u5e94\u91c7\u53d6\u5916\u79d1\u624b\u672f\uff0c\u5404\u5904\u90fd\u6709\u80bf\u75b1\u3002\u201d[11](P478,479) \u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u63a8\u5012\u4e86\u6e05\u738b\u671d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u6539\u5584\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5f53\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u72ec\u88c1\u4e13\u5236\u4e0e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4eba\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8bc9\u6c42\u5230\u4e86\u65e0\u53ef\u8c03\u548c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b59\u8881\u51b3\u88c2\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u4e5f\u5c31\u5230\u4e86\u3002\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e8c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8f9e\u53bb\u5357\u4eac\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u804c\u52a1\u540e\uff0c\u66fe\u8ba1\u5212\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u6842\u592a\u90ce\u5185\u9601\u4ee5\u63a5\u5f85\u95ee\u9898\u8981\u6c42\u63a8\u8fdf\uff0c\u5ef6\u81f31913\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u59cb\u5f97\u6210\u884c\u3002\u6842\u5185\u9601\u4e8e2\u670817\u65e5\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5f53\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e00\u884c\u62b5\u4e1c\u4eac\u65f6\uff0c\u5c71\u672c\u6743\u5175\u5185\u9601\u5df2\u4e0a\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8bbf\u65e5\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7b54\u8c22\u65e5\u672c\u53cb\u597d\u4eba\u58eb\u8fc7\u53bb\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8fd8\u62df\u4ee5\u201c\u7b79\u753b\u5168\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u5168\u6743\u201d\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8003\u5bdf\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u4ea4\u901a\u7b49\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u5e76\u5e0c\u671b\u4e0e\u65e5\u65b9\u5efa\u7acb\u201c\u4e2d\u65e5\u540c\u76df\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u62b5\u5236\u6c99\u4fc4\u4fb5\u534e\u3002\u65e5\u65b9\u5bf9\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6765\u8bbf\u4f5c\u4e86\u5468\u5230\u7684\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u5b59\u4f1a\u6664\u4e86\u9996\u76f8\u4ee5\u4e0b\u671d\u91ce\u5404\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u53c2\u89c2\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5de5\u5382\u3001\u6e2f\u53e3\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u7b49\u519b\u6c11\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u8d22\u754c\u8ba2\u7acb\u4e86\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5174\u4e1a\u516c\u53f8\u5408\u540c\u300b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u6842\u592a\u90ce\u8ba8\u8bba\u201c\u4e2d\u65e5\u540c\u76df\u201d\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e1c\u4eac\uff0c\u62dc\u8c12\u65e5\u66ae\u91cc\u8fd1\u536b\u7b03\u9ebf\u5893\u5730\uff0c\u4f1a\u89c1\u4e86\u5c71\u7530\u826f\u653f\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u7b49\u9057\u5c5e\uff1b\u5728\u798f\u5188\uff0c\u5230\u5b89\u6c38\u4e1c\u4e4b\u52a9\u3001\u5e73\u5188\u6d69\u592a\u90ce\u5893\u5730\u51ed\u540a\uff0c\u4ee5\u611f\u8c22\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fc7\u53bb\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u66fe\u5230\u4e1c\u4eac\u8f66\u7ad9\u8fce\u63a5\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\uff0c\u5e76\u51fa\u5e2d\u4e86\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u5728\u7ea2\u53f6\u9986\u7684\u6b22\u8fce\u4f1a\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u65e5\u672c\u6709\u6743\u52bf\u7684\u4eba\u5b9e\u9645\u5e76\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u5b59\u7684\u6765\u8bbf\u5374\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6781\u5927\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5bf9\u6b64\u9887\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7136\u3002\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5bf9\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6781\u611f\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u6b63\u5f53\u4ed6\u5bf9\u6b64\u884c\u8e0c\u8e87\u6ee1\u5fd7\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u6d3e\u4eba\u523a\u6740\u4e86\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4ee3\u7406\u7406\u4e8b\u957f\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5b8b\u6848\u201d\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u201c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u201d\u3002\u201c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u201d\u53cd\u8881\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u51fa\u56fd\u6d41\u4ea1\u3002\u5f53\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8d70\u6295\u65e0\u8def\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u4f38\u51fa\u63f4\u624b\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u6b22\u5fc3\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e0d\u8bb8\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5165\u5883\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5bf9\u6b64\u5f88\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7136\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u7a77\u9e1f\u5165\u6000\uff0c\u730e\u592b\u4e0d\u6740\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6b66\u58eb\u9053\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u662f\u6587\u660e\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u56fd\u4e8b\u72af\uff01\u51b5\u4e14\uff0c\u5b59\u6587\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u53bb\uff0c\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u597d\u5904\uff1f\u4ed6\u6d3e\u5bfa\u5c3e\u4ea8\u53bb\u529d\u8bf4\u5c71\u672c\u9996\u76f8\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u8981\u9886\uff0c\u53ea\u597d\u8bf7\u6b63\u5728\u4f0a\u8c46\u957f\u5188\u9759\u517b\u7684\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u56de\u4e1c\u4eac\uff0c\u53bb\u529d\u8bf4\u5c71\u672c\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u52c9\u5f3a\u51c6\u8bb8\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5165\u5883\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5c06\u6b64\u4fe1\u606f\u7535\u544a\u5728\u795e\u6237\u51c6\u5907\u8fce\u63a5\u5b59\u7684\u8431\u91ce\u957f\u77e5\u3001\u53e4\u5c9b\u4e00\u96c4\u7b49\u4eba\u3002\u5728\u5ddd\u5d0e\u9020\u8239\u5382\u5382\u4e3b\u677e\u65b9\u5e78\u6b21\u90ce\u53ca\u4e09\u4e0a\u4e30\u5937\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u756a\u5468\u6298\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7ec8\u4e8e\u57281913\u5e748\u670818\u65e5\u5230\u8fbe\u4e1c\u4eac\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u5907\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u523a\u5ba2\u7684\u8ffd\u6740\uff0c \u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5c06\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5b89\u6392\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u4f4f\u6240\u7684\u9694\u90bb\uff08\u4e1c\u4eac\u7075\u5357\u574227\u756a\u5730\uff0c\u5373\u4eca\u6e2f\u533a\u8d64\u57421\u4e01\u76ee14\u756a\u5730\uff09\u6d77\u59bb\u732a\u52c7\u5f66\u5b85\uff0c \u540e\u9662\u6709\u901a\u9053\u76f8\u63a5\u3002\u4e1c\u4eac\u8b66\u65b9\u6d3e\u5458\u5168\u65e5\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u9010\u65e5\u62a5\u544a\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6d3b\u52a8\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u5916\u754c\u7684\u5f80\u6765\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u8fd8\u52a8\u5458\u798f\u5188\u7684\u7164\u77ff\u4e3b\u5b89\u5ddd\u656c\u4e00\u90ce\u6bcf\u6708\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f0d\u4f70\u65e5\u5143\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u751f\u6d3b\u65e0\u865e\u56f0\u4e4f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5165\u4f4f\u6d77\u59bb\u90b8\u5b85\u540e\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u7ecf\u5e38\u8fc7\u4ece\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u5b85\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u5176\u90e8\u5c5e\u8bae\u4e8b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e4b\u8f6c\u6536\u51fd\u7535\u3001\u5305\u88f9\u3001\u6c47\u5355\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u5b85\u8fd8\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4eba\u7684\u5730\u65b9[12](P84) \u3002\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4e8b\u5148\u4e5f\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u5546\u8bae\u3002\u4f8b\u59821913\u5e7410\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4fbf\u5546\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u7ed9\u521a\u53bb\u4e16\u7684\u6842\u592a\u90ce\u9001\u82b1\u5708\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5b59\u63a5\u53d7\u5934\u5c71\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9001\u4e3a\u597d\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u53d7\u5230\u5f53\u5c40\u4e0e\u6d6a\u4eba\u9996\u9886\u7684\u4e25\u5bc6\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8001\u670b\u53cb\u4e0d\u6613\u89c1\u5230\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\uff0c\u4fbf\u96be\u514d\u53d1\u51fa\u6028\u8a00\u30021913\u5e748\u670830\u65e5\uff0c\u6c60\u4ea8\u5409\u8bf4\uff0c\u636e\u4ed6\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u201c\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u6d6a\u4eba\u4e32\u901a\u4e00\u6c14\uff0c\u5c06\u5b59\u7b49\u59d4\u6258\u4e8e\u5f7c\u7b49\uff0c \u5e76\u5728\u8c28\u9632\u523a\u5ba2\u7684\u501f\u53e3\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e3a\u540d\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u53d7\u7740\u5f62\u540c\u76d1\u7981\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u201d\uff1b\u201c\u66f4\u4f55\u51b5\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5185\uff0c\u5b59\u7b49\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u88ab\u8431\u91ce\u7b49\u6d6a\u4eba\u6240\u5305\u56f4\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8f7b\u6613\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u60f3\u6765\u5b59\u7b49\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0d\u611f\u5230\u4e3a\u96be\u201d[13](P596\uff5e597)\u3002\u6c60\u4ea8\u5409\u6279\u8bc4\u8431\u91ce\u7b49\u4eba\u800c\u672a\u6307\u540d\u5934\u5c71\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6709\u6240\u987e\u8651\u3002\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u6d77\u59bb\u90b8\u5b85\u4f4f\u4e86\u8fd11\u5e74\u5149\u666f\uff0c1914\u5e747\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u627e\u65b0\u5c45\u3002\u627e\u4e86\u51e0\u5904\uff0c1915\u5e748\u670820\u65e5\uff0c\u9009\u5b9a\u4e30\u591a\u6469\u90e1\u5343\u9a6e\u8c37\u753a\u539f\u5bbf109\u756a\u5730\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u5373\u8fc1\u5c45\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e10\u6708\u95f4\u5728\u6b64\u5904\u4e0e\u5b8b\u5e86\u9f84\u7ed3\u5a5a\u3002\u5b59\u8fc1\u5c45\u540e\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u592b\u4eba\u8fd8\u591a\u6b21\u53bb\u539f\u5bbf\u89c1\u5b59\uff0c\u8f6c\u4ea4\u51fd\u4ef6\u7535\u62a5\uff0c\u8f6c\u8fbe\u53e3\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53f2\u6599\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u52301914\u5e74\u590f\u79cb\u95f4\uff0c\u5b59\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u7684\u6765\u5f80\u5df2\u4e0d\u6bd4\u6b64\u524d\u5bc6\u5207\u30028\u670819 \u65e5\u8b66\u65b9\u4e00\u4efd\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd1\u6765\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u4e0e\u5b59\u6587\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u8bf4\uff1a\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u8fd1\u6765\u591a\u5c45\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u803d\u4e8e\u56f4\u68cb\uff0c\u4e0d\u95ee\u4e16\u4e8b\uff0c\u653f\u5ba2\u4e5f\u5f88\u5c11\u6765\u5f80\uff0c\u4e14\u6781\u5c11\u53c2\u52a0\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u65f6\u4e8b\u6027\u96c6\u4f1a\u3002\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u4e0e\u5b59\u6587\u6700\u8fd1\u51e0\u4e4e\u672a\u66fe\u4f1a\u9762\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u4ec5\u4f1a\u89c1\u4e24\u4e09\u6b21\uff0c\u65e0\u975e\u62dc\u5e74\u6216\u8005\u63a2\u671b\u75c5\u60c5\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5bd2\u6684\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u4ece\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\u65f6\u4e8b\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5b59\u6587\u53ea\u77e5\u6781\u7b80\u5355\u5355\u8bcd\u5916\u4e0d\u901a\u65e5\u8bed\uff0c\u800c\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u82f1\u8bed\u3001\u6c49\u8bed\u5747\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u89c1\u9762\u4ecd\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u8c08\uff0c\u4e14\u672a\u53d1\u73b0\u5934\u5c71\u4e0e\u5b59\u6587\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e09\u8005\u8054\u7edc\u8c0b\u5212\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3002\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u5b59\u6587\u867d\u4e0e\u9648\u5176\u7f8e\u7b49\u8fdb\u884c\u79cd\u79cd\u7b56\u5212\uff0c\u62df\u4e58\u6b64\u673a\u4f1a\uff08\u6309\u6307\u6b27\u6218\u5f00\u59cb\u2014\u2014\u5f15\u8005\uff09\u8d77\u5175\u4e3e\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u6cd5\u7b79\u5f97\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u6781\u4e3a\u7126\u8651\uff0c\u6b64\u4e8b\u5c5e\u5b9e\u3002\u4f46\u5c31\u5176\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u672a\u53d1\u73b0\u5b59\u6587\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u5546\u8bae\u4e4b\u8ff9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ea6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u672a\u6709\u5934\u5c71\u53c2\u4e0e\u7b56\u5212\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u4e8b[13](P610)\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62a5\u544a\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5b59\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u4e4b\u95f4\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u6240\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1914\u5e748\u670813\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e3a\u9769\u547d\u95ee\u9898\u6d3e\u83ca\u6c60\u826f\u4e00\u5f81\u6c42\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u300224\u65e5\uff0c\u72ac\u517b\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\uff0c\u5bc6\u8c08\u4e861\u4e2a\u534a\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002\u5b59\u8bb2\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u52bf\u548c\u4e1c\u4e9a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c \u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e1c\u4e9a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u5f52\u6839\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4eba\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6545\u9ec4\u79cd\u4eba\u5e94\u5f53\u56e2\u7ed3\u5bf9\u6297\u767d\u79cd\u4eba\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u7a7a\u524d\u7684\u5927\u597d\u826f\u673a\u3002\u4ed6\u9884\u8a00\uff0c\u6b27\u6218\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u7531\u5fb7\u56fd\u53d6\u80dc\uff0c\u201c\u6b64\u65f6\u82e5\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u53d1\u751f\u52a8\u4e71\uff0c\u5fc5\u7ed9\u65e5\u672c\u5916\u4ea4\u5e26\u6765\u6781\u5927\u597d\u5904\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u52a1\u5fc5\u652f\u63f4\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u3002\u6b64\u70b9\u8bf7\u9601\u4e0b\u4e88\u4ee5\u5173\u7167\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u53c8\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u7b79\u6b3e\u751a\u611f\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u201c\u5982\u82e5\u6b64\u6b21\u4ecd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b79\u8db3\u6240\u9700\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u9644\u52a0\u4efb\u4f55\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u9760\u9601\u4e0b\u5728\u65e5\u7b79\u6b3e\u201d\u3002\u636e\u8f7d\uff0c\u201c\u72ac\u517b\u5bf9\u6b64\u672a\u8868\u793a\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u4ec5\u79f0\uff0c\u6211\u610f\u5982\u5468\u56f4\u6761\u4ef6\u5141\u8bb8\uff0c\u73b0\u6b63\u662f\u4e3e\u8d77\u9769\u547d\u5927\u65d7\u4e4b\u5927\u597d\u65f6\u673a\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u7b79\u6b3e\u4e00\u4e8b\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u6c0f\u5145\u5206\u5546\u8bae\u540e\u7b54\u590d\u201d[13](P688)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u4ece\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4f4f\u6240\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4fbf\u5230\u5934\u5c71\u5b85\u5546\u8bae\u30029\u67089\u65e5\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u53d1\u8868\u8c08\u8bdd\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5730\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u9769\u547d\u7684\u66d9\u5149\uff0c\u5176\u65f6\u673a\u5b9e\u5728\u4e0d\u8fdc\u4e4b\u5c06\u6765\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5bf9\u534e\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u867d\u6709\u4e0d\u6ee1\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u4f46\u5c1a\u975e\u8868\u6001\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u6c89\u9ed8\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u53c8\u6279\u8bc4\u65e5\u672c\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u8ba2\u7acb\u540c\u76df\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u5e72\u6d89\uff0c\u4f24\u5bb3\u9769\u547d\u515a\u7684\u611f\u60c5\uff0c\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u65e5\u4e2d\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u4e0d\u5e94\u76f8\u4fe1\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u4eb2\u65e5\u4f0e\u4fe9\uff0c\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7740\u60f3\uff0c\u6b64\u756a\u5e94\u503e\u6ce8\u90e8\u5206\u529b\u91cf\u4e8e\u5357\u65b9\u201d\uff0c\u4e91\u4e91[13](P689)\u3002\u5bf9\u7b79\u6b3e\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u516c\u5f00\u573a\u5408\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u4fbf\u8bae\u8bba\u300210\u670831\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5055\u9648\u5176\u7f8e\u3001\u6234\u5929\u4ec7\u8d74\u829d\u533a\u65e5\u836b\u753a1\u4e01\u76ee1\u756a\u5730\u201c\u6d77\u6ee8\u4e4b\u5bb6\u201d\uff0c\u5e94\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u3001\u4e2d\u91ce\u5fb7\u6b21\u90ce\u7b49\u53cb\u4eba\u7684\u5bb4\u8bf7\uff08\u7531\u4e2d\u91ce\u4ed8\u6b3e\uff09\u3002\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e2d\u91ce\u5fb7\u6b21\u90ce\u662f1900\u5e74\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u9769\u547d\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u7ecf\u8d39\u652f\u6301\u8005\u3002\u5bb4\u4f1a\u4e0a\u8c08\u4e86\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u672a\u89c1\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u65e0\u4ece\u67e5\u8003\u3002\u6b27\u6218\u5f00\u59cb\u540e\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u6b63\u56fe\u8c0b\u53d6\u4ee3\u5fb7\u56fd\u5728\u5c71\u4e1c\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fd8\u987e\u4e0d\u4e0a\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e3a\u5f00\u5c55\u53cd\u8881\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e86\u4e2d\u534e\u9769\u547d\u515a\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e2d\u534e\u9769\u547d\u519b\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5bfb\u6c42\u519b\u3001\u653f\u3001\u8d22\u7b49\u5404\u754c\u6709\u529b\u8005\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0e\u6d77\u519b\u7684\u79cb\u5c71\u771f\u4e4b\u3001\u9646\u519b\u7684\u7530\u4e2d\u4e49\u4e00\u3001\u798f\u7530\u96c5\u592a\u90ce\u53ca\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u653f\u52a1\u5c40\u957f\u5c0f\u6c60\u5f20\u9020\u7b49\u4eba\u5747\u6709\u4ea4\u5f80\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8c0b\u5212\u4fb5\u534e\u7684\u653f\u8981\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u9769\u515a\u4e4b\u5229\u7528\u201d\u95ee\u9898\u30021915\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u90e8\u51b3\u5b9a\u201c\u6392\u8881\u201d\u3002\u6d6a\u4eba\u4e0e\u519b\u90e8\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u641e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u201c\u6ee1\u8499\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u201d\u300211\u67089\u65e5\uff0c\u6d6a\u4eba\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u6ee1\u8499\u6d3e\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u9769\u547d\u6d3e\u201d\u5728\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5b85\u4e3e\u884c\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u300211\u670810\u65e5\u798f\u7530\u548c\u4e94\u90ce\u81f4\u4fe1\u5728\u534e\u7684\u6d6a\u4eba\u5c0f\u5ddd\u5e73\u5409\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6b64\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4fe1\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u5728\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5b85\u96c6\u4f1a\u7684\u6709\u5bfa\u5c3e\u4ea8\u3001\u526f\u5c9b\u4e49\u4e00\u3001\u5bab\u5d0e\u5bc5\u85cf\u3001\u8431\u91ce\u957f\u77e5\u3001\u5e73\u5c71\u5468\u3001\u5185\u7530\u826f\u5e73\u3001\u7f8e\u548c\u4f5c\u6b21\u90ce\u3001\u845b\u751f\u80fd\u4e45\u3001\u7530\u9505\u5b89\u4e4b\u52a9\u3001\u4e2d\u897f\u6b63\u6811\u3001\u5c9b\u7530\u7ecf\u4e00\u3001\u798f\u7530\uff08\u548c\u4e94\u90ce\uff09\u7b49\u4eba\u3002\u4fe1\u4e0a\u8bb2\u5230\uff0c\u5982\u4f60\u6240\u89c1\uff0c\u201c\u6ee1\u8499\u6d3e\u201d\u82e5\u80fd\u4e0e\u201c\u9769\u547d\u6d3e\u201d\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u90a3\u6ca1\u6709\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u80fd\u5de9\u56fa\u7684\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u5bf9\u652f\u6709\u5fd7\u4f1a\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5bf9\u652f\u540c\u5fd7\u4f1a\u201d\u7684\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u5728\u6ee1\u8499\u5730\u533a\u6269\u5927\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u201c\u6ee1\u8499\u6d3e\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u9769\u547d\u6d3e\u201d\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u90a3\u6837\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u652f\u63f4\u201c\u9769\u547d\u6d3e\u201d[4](P141)\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6d6a\u4eba\u7684\u9ad8\u5c42\u51b3\u7b56\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u610f\u4e49\u91cd\u5927\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4ee5\u5185\u7530\u826f\u5e73\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5e72\u7684\u9ed1\u9f99\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u4e13\u6ce8\u201c\u6ee1\u8499\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u201d\uff0c\u5185\u7530\u5e94\u662f\u201c\u6ee1\u8499\u6d3e\u201d\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d3e\u4e0e\u201c\u9769\u547d\u6d3e\u201d\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u201c\u9769\u547d\u6d3e\u201d\uff0c\u9053\u7406\u4e0a\u662f\u8bf4\u7684\u901a\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u201c\u9769\u547d\u6d3e\u201d\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u662f\u8c01\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u6d3b\u52a8\u5730\u533a\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u5462\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u5e76\u4e0d\u96be\u627e\u3002\u4e2d\u534e\u9769\u547d\u519b\u5728\u5c71\u4e1c\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u7b49\u5730\u5747\u5f00\u5c55\u53cd\u8881\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2d\u534e\u9769\u547d\u519b\u4e1c\u5317\u519b\u4ee5\u9752\u5c9b\u539f\u5fb7\u56fd\u603b\u7763\u5e9c\u4e3a\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\uff0c\u603b\u53f8\u4ee4\u5c45\u6b63\uff0c\u987e\u95ee\u4e3a\u8431\u91ce\u957f\u77e5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6d3b\u52a8\u5730\u533a\u4e3a\u80f6\u6d4e\u94c1\u8def\u6cbf\u7ebf\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6295\u5165\u4e1c\u5317\u519b\u4e2d\u7684\u6d6a\u4eba\u5b9e\u5728\u592a\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ea6\u675f\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6307\u6d3e\u5176\u4eb2\u4fe1\u67f4\u7530\u9e9f\u6b21\u90ce\u4e3a\u4e1c\u5317\u519b\u7684\u519b\u6cd5\u5904\u957f\u3002\u76f4\u81f3\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u6b7b\u540e\uff0c\u4e1c\u5317\u519b\u53d7\u547d\u505c\u6b62\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d6a\u4eba\u624d\u53e6\u8c0b\u51fa\u8def\u3002\u4e3a\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4e1c\u5317\u519b\u9977\u9700\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u501f\u6b3e\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u4ecd\u6c42\u52a9\u4e8e\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u30021916\u5e744\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u590d\u7535\u5c45\u6b63\uff0c\u544a\u4ee5\u5411\u65e5\u501f\u6b3e\u987b\u5f97\u9646\u519b\u5f53\u5c40\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u201c\u5df2\u6258\u5934\u5c71\u4ea4\u6d89\u201d[14](P2821)\u3002\u72ac\u585a\u4fe1\u592a\u90ce\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u501f\u6b3e\uff0c\u5373\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u6709\u5173[15](P1209)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u65e2\u63a5\u53d7\u65e5\u672c\u4ea1\u534e\u7684\u201c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u6761\u201d\uff0c\u53c8\u52a0\u7d27\u590d\u8f9f\u5e1d\u5236\uff0c\u79cd\u79cd\u6076\u884c\uff0c\u6fc0\u8d77\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u6297\u3002\u62a4\u56fd\u6218\u4e89\u5f00\u59cb\u540e\uff0c\u8881\u6c0f\u5904\u4e8e\u56db\u9762\u695a\u6b4c\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u5f53\u8881\u6c0f\u81ea\u987e\u4e0d\u6687\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u51b3\u5b9a\u8fd4\u56fd\u30021916\u5e744\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5411\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u8f9e\u884c\u300227\u65e5\u79bb\u5f00\u4e1c\u4eac\uff0c5\u67081\u65e5\u79d8\u5bc6\u62b5\u6caa\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u4ed6\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6d41\u4ea1\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u53f2\u5b9e\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u82e5\u65e0\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u76f8\u52a9\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8fd9\u4e24\u5e74\u53c8\u516b\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u6d41\u4ea1\u9769\u547d\u53f2\u662f\u5199\u4e0d\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u4e8b\u53cd\u8881\uff0c\u81ea\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbe\u60f3\uff0c\u66f4\u9051\u8bba\u5b59\u5b8b\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u673a\u7f18\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1916\u5e746\u67086\u65e5\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u75c5\u4ea1\uff0c\u9ece\u5143\u6d2a\u7ee7\u4efb\u5927\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u6bb5\u797a\u745e\u51fa\u4efb\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u603b\u7406\u3002\u540c\u5e7410\u67089\u65e5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u9646\u519b\u5143\u5e05\u5bfa\u5185\u6b63\u6bc5\u63a5\u66ff\u5927\u9688\u91cd\u4fe1\u4efb\u5185\u9601\u9996\u76f8\u3002\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5e0c\u671b\u5317\u4eac\u5f53\u5c40\u80fd\u6062\u590d\u300a\u4e34\u65f6\u7ea6\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u75311913\u5e74\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u56fd\u4f1a\u884c\u4f7f\u7acb\u6cd5\u6743\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u7834\u706d\u4e86\u3002\u5bfa\u5185\u5185\u9601\u63a8\u884c\u63f4\u6bb5\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u897f\u539f\u501f\u6b3e\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u519b\u4e8b\u534f\u5b9a\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u5bf9\u6bb5\u5185\u9601\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002\u6bb5\u6c0f\u6bc1\u5f03\u7ea6\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4ee5\u62a4\u6cd5\u76f8\u6297\u8861\u30021917\u5e747 \u6708\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8fd0\u52a8\u6d77\u519b\u53ca\u90e8\u5206\u56fd\u4f1a\u8bae\u5458\u5357\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u5e7f\u5dde\u8bbe\u7acb\u975e\u5e38\u56fd\u4f1a\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u62a4\u6cd5\u519b\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u4efb\u6d77\u9646\u5927\u5143\u5e05\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5bf9\u5bfa\u5185\u5185\u9601\u786e\u66fe\u5b58\u6709\u5e7b\u60f3\u30021917\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u81f4\u51fd\u5bfa\u5185\uff0c \u8981\u6c42\u65e5\u672c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u771f\u6b63\u63d0\u643a\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u56e0\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0d\u80fd\u89c1\u4fe1\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u6545\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6bcf\u7591\u8d35\u56fd\u4e4b\u4eb2\u5584\u4e3a\u6709\u91ce\u5fc3\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u9648\uff1a\u76ee\u524d\u5317\u6d0b\u519b\u4eba\u867d\u5360\u6709\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f46\u7ec8\u4e0d\u80fd\u7edf\u4e00\u957f\u4e45\uff0c\u201c\u4e3a\u8d35\u56fd\u8ba1\uff0c\u60df\u4ee5\u6b63\u4e49\u5b9a\u6240\u5f53\u52a9\u8005\uff0c\u5373\u52a9\u4e4b\u4e8e\u65e0\u529b\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5fc5\u611f\u6fc0\u4e8e\u771f\u6b63\u4e4b\u63f4\u52a9\u201d[16](P108\uff5e109)\u3002\u65e5\u6bb5\u5408\u4f5c\u65b9\u5174\u672a\u827e\uff0c\u4fe1\u53bb\u5982\u6ce5\u725b\u5165\u6d77\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1917\u5e748\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u5e7f\u5dde\u56fd\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u4f1a\u8bae\u5f00\u5e55\u3002\u540c\u65e5\uff0c\u7531\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u9886\u8854\uff0c \u5206\u522b\u81f4\u7535\u65e5\u672c\u5bfa\u5185\u9996\u76f8\u3001\u672c\u91ce\u4e00\u90ce\u5916\u76f8\u3001\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u3001\u6da9\u6cfd\u8363\u4e00\u3001\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u201c\u4e88\u4ee5\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u540c\u60c5\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u5b9a\u575a\u56fa\u4e4b\u57fa\u7840\u201d\uff0c\u4ffe\u201c\u4e24\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u6240\u5171\u540c\u5e0c\u671b\u4e4b\u4e9a\u6d32\u5171\u548c\u4e0e\u6587\u660e\u53d1\u5c55\u4ea6\u5f97\u5b9e\u73b0\u201d[16](P133,134)\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u65e2\u4e0e\u6bb5\u5185\u9601\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f53\u65e0\u7406\u7531\u540c\u65f6\u516c\u5f00\u652f\u6301\u53cd\u6bb5\u5185\u9601\u4e4b\u897f\u5357\u519b\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u4e88\u7f6e\u7b54\uff0c\u4ea6\u5728\u60c5\u7406\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1918\u5e741\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6d3e\u9a7b\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6bb7\u6c5d\u8015\u8d74\u4efb\uff0c \u5b59\u4ee4\u5176\u5e26\u9001\u81f4\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u51fd\u4ef6\uff0c\u51fd\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u5148\u751f\u4e8e\u655d\u56fd\u4e4b\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4e1c\u4e9a\u4e4b\u5174\u9686\uff0c\u6301\u4e4b\u5341\u5e74\u5982\u4e00\u65e5\u3002\u6b64\u6b21\u66f4\u6709\u65e5\u652f\u56fd\u6c11\u534f\u4f1a\u4e4b\u8bbe\uff0c\u655d\u56fd\u62dc\u8d50\u5b9e\u591a\u3002\u5927\u5fb7\u4e0d\u8c22\uff0c\u60df\u77e2\u52aa\u529b\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f53\u62a5\u7b54\u8033\u3002\u201d[6](P307) \u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u65e5\u652f\u56fd\u6c11\u534f\u4f1a\u201d\u662f\u4f55\u65f6\u6210\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u5b97\u65e8\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u6b20\u8be6\u3002\u8981\u4e4b\uff0c \u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5f53\u65f6\u5904\u5883\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u653f\u4ee4\u4e0d\u51fa\u5e05\u5e9c\u5927\u95e8\uff0c\u62a4\u6cd5\u6218\u4e89\u96be\u4e8e\u5f00\u5c55\uff0c\u6545\u5bfb\u6c42\u5916\u63f4\uff0c\u6781\u4e3a\u6bb7\u5207\u3002\u4ed6\u63a5\u6536\u4e86\u6731\u5e86\u6f9c\u7684\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u957f\u4eb2\u519b20\u8425\uff0c\u6539\u7f16\u4e3a\u201c\u63f4\u95fd\u7ca4\u519b\u201d\uff0c\u59d4\u4efb\u9648\u70af\u660e\u4e3a\u603b\u53f8\u4ee4\uff0c\u7387\u90e8\u5f00\u8d74\u7ca4\u4e1c\u95fd\u897f\u5357\u56fe\u5b58\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u4e24\u5e7f\u7684\u5e7f\u897f\u519b\u9600\u5904\u5904\u6253\u538b\u3001\u6392\u65a5\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\uff0c\u5e7f\u5dde\u519b\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6539\u7ec4\u52bf\u5728\u5fc5\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1918\u5e743\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u4e0e\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u51fd\u9080\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8d74\u65e5\uff0c\u4fe1\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8d35\u56fd\u5357\u5317\u5bf9\u5cd9\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e16\u5c40\u7eb7\u7ead\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u6240\u5e95\u6b62\u3002\u5f1f\u4e3a\u4e1c\u4e9a\u5927\u5c40\uff0c\u6df1\u5fe7\u4e4b\u3002\u4eca\u4e5f\u9601\u4e0b\u4e00\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b62\uff0c\u5b9e\u4e1c\u4e9a\u6cbb\u4e71\u4e4b\u6240\u7cfb\u3002\u5f1f\u5179\u6709\u6b32\u4e0e\u9601\u4e0b\u9762\u8bae\u4e00\u4e8b\uff0c\u56e0\u671b\u9601\u4e0b\u4eb2\u5230\u4e1c\u4eac\u3002\u201d\u5934\u5c71\u3001\u72ac\u517b\u7a76\u4e3a\u4f55\u4e8b\u9080\u8bbf\uff0c\u9887\u89c9\u7a81\u7136\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u897f\u5357\u519b\u653f\u5e9c\u653f\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u5510\u7ecd\u4eea\u6b63\u5728\u4e1c\u4eac\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4fbf\u590d\u7535\u5934\u5c71\u3001\u72ac\u517b\uff0c\u8c13\u201c\u6765\u51fd\u656c\u6089\u3002\u73b0\u6b63\u5728\u7ca4\u7b79\u96c6\u6b63\u5f0f\u56fd\u4f1a\u3002\u9601\u4e0b\u6240\u6b32\u9762\u8c08\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u5018\u4e3a\u5357\u5317\u8c03\u548c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5219\u5510\u5c11\u5ddd\u5148\u751f\u4f18\u4e3a\u4e4b\uff0c\u65e0\u6587\u4eb2\u6765\u4e4b\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u82e5\u4e3a\u4e1c\u4e9a\u767e\u5e74\u6839\u672c\u4e4b\u5927\u8ba1\uff0c\u975e\u4e0e\u6587\u9762\u8c08\u4e0d\u53ef\u8005\uff0c\u8bf7\u5373\u7535\u590d\u201d[16](P409)\u3002\u6b64\u7535\u53d1\u51fa\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u65e5\u4e0d\u89c1\u7b54\u590d\uff0c\u5b59\u51b3\u5b9a\u6d3e\u6731\u6267\u4fe1\u8d74\u65e5\uff0c\u5e26\u53bb\u4e00\u51fd\uff0c\u8be6\u53d9\u6b64\u6b21\u62a4\u6cd5\u4e4b\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u51fd\u4e2d\u6279\u9a73\u4e86\u5916\u754c\u5bf9\u62a4\u6cd5\u5f15\u8d77\u5357\u5317\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u201c\u76d6\u4e3a\u6b64\u8a00\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6b32\u5229\u7528\u5357\u5317\u4e4b\u6076\u611f\uff0c\u4ee5\u81ea\u8425\u5176\u79c1\u800c\u5df2\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\u4fdf\u6b63\u5f0f\u56fd\u4f1a\u5f00\u4f1a\u540e\uff0c\u82e5\u80fd\u5206\u8eab\uff0c\u5f53\u8d74\u65e5\u4e00\u884c\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u9080\u8bf7\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u6765\u5e7f\u5dde\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u53ec\u96c6\u6b63\u5f0f\u56fd\u4f1a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u72ac\u517b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6765\u5e7f\u5dde\u30024\u670813\u65e5\uff0c\u72ac\u517b\u590d\u7535\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\uff0c\u79f0\u201c\u6050\u5148\u751f\u81ea\u8d74\u95fd\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u6545\u8bf7\u5148\u751f\u6765\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u5546\u8c08\u201c\u5904\u7f6e\u7763\u519b\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u517c\u5546\u91cf\u65b0\u7586\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5bf9\u5fb7\u4eba\u65b9\u9488\u201d[17](P811)\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u897f\u5357\u519b\u9600\u6781\u529b\u7b56\u5212\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u53bb\u804c\uff0c\u5c40\u52bf\u65e0\u53ef\u633d\u56de\uff0c1918\u5e745\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5411\u975e\u5e38\u56fd\u4f1a\u8f9e\u53bb\u6d77\u9646\u519b\u5927\u5143\u5e05\u804c\u52a1\u30025\u670821\u65e5\u79bb\u5f00\u5e7f\u5dde\uff0c \u7ecf\u6c55\u5934\u81f3\u5927\u57d4\u4e09\u6cb3\u575d\u4f1a\u6664\u9648\u70af\u660e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4ece\u6c55\u5934\u53d6\u9053\u53f0\u6e7e\u8d74\u65e5\u672c\u30026\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u62b5\u95e8\u53f8\uff0c\u5373\u4e58\u8f66\u8d74\u7bb1\u6839\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5230\u4e1c\u4eac\u53bb\u300212\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u5854\u4e4b\u6cfd\u73af\u7fe0\u697c\u4f4f\u4e86\u4e00\u5bbf\uff0c\u6b21\u65e5\uff0c\u8f6c\u8d74\u5c0f\u6d8c\u8c37\u7684\u4e09\u6cb3\u5c4b\u65c5\u9986\u3002\u5728\u4e09\u6cb3\u5c4b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u6664\u4e86\u65e7\u53cb\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u3001\u5bfa\u5c3e\u4ea8\u3001\u8431\u91ce\u957f\u77e5\u3001\u6c34\u91ce\u6885\u6653\u3001\u83ca\u6c60\u826f\u4e00\u3001\u6885\u5c4b\u5e84\u5409\u3001\u85e4\u6751\u4e49\u90ce\u7b49\u4eba\u3002\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u5e76\u672a\u524d\u6765\u76f8\u6664\u30026\u670819\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u79bb\u5f00\u7bb1\u6839\u300220\u65e5\u62b5\u4eac\u90fd\uff0c\u5728\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u9662\u6cbb\u7597\u76ee\u75be\u300223\u65e5\u5230\u795e\u6237\uff0c\u4e58\u201c\u8fd1\u6c5f\u4e38\u201d\u8fd4\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u62a4\u6cd5\u6218\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6b64\u6b21\u65e5\u672c\u4e4b\u884c\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u9002\u5f53\u65f6\u673a\u30025 \u6708\u95f4\u65e5\u672c\u4e0e\u6bb5\u5185\u9601\u8ba2\u7acb\u300a\u4e2d\u65e5\u5171\u540c\u9632\u654c\u519b\u4e8b\u534f\u5b9a\u300b\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e5f\u4ee4\u4eba\u6cae\u4e27\uff0c\u6545\u4ed6\u5306\u5306\u79bb\u53bb\u30027\u670818\u65e5\uff0c \u5b59\u5728\u6caa\u81f4\u4fe1\u9648\u70af\u660e\uff0c\u544a\u4ee5\u201c\u6587\u524d\u81ea\u62b5\u4e1c\u540e\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u5916\u4ea4\u65b9\u9762\u9aa4\u96be\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u53ef\u5949\u544a\uff0c\u6545\u4e2d\u95f4\u4e45\u9619\u81f4\u4e66\u201d\uff1b\u201c\u73b0\u65e5\u672c\u5f53\u5c40\u4ecd\u51b3\u5fc3\u52a9\u6bb5\uff0c\u907d\u6b32\u5176\u6539\u53d8\u65b9\u9488\uff0c\u4e8b\u6050\u5927\u96be\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u8bf8\u4e8b\u53ea\u5f97\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u6392\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u5ba3\u79f0\u62a4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u9664\u652f\u6301\u9648\u70af\u660e\u5728\u6f33\u5dde\u7ec3\u5175\u5916\uff0c\u519b\u4e8b\u4e0a\u96be\u6709\u5927\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7cbe\u529b\u662f\u4ece\u4e8b\u8457\u8ff0\u548c\u515a\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002\u52301918\uff5e1919\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5f62\u52bf\u5747\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\u30021918\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u6bb5\u797a\u745e\u5185\u9601\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5357\u5317\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f00\u59cb\u915d\u917f\u8bae\u548c\u95ee\u9898\uff1b1919\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u8bae\u548c\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c5\u6708\uff0c\u56e0\u5df4\u9ece\u548c\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u201c\u4e94\u56db\u201d\u7231\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u8fd0\u52a8\u30021918\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5bfa\u5185\u5185\u9601\u57ae\u53f0\uff0c\u7531\u539f\uff08\u656c\uff09\u5185\u9601\u53d6\u4ee3\u300211\u6708\uff0c\u6b27\u6218\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u5357\u5317\u8bae\u548c\u65e0\u75be\u800c\u7ec8\uff0c\u4f46\u6bb5\u797a\u745e\u4e0b\u53f0\u5374\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5b59\u6bb5\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8f6c\u673a\uff0c\u5b59\u6bb5\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u840c\u8616\u6e10\u73b0\u30021919\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u8d74\u65e5\u672c\u6e38\u5386\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6258\u4ed6\u5e26\u4fe1\u7ed9\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\uff0c\u95ee\u5019\u8d77\u5c45\u3002\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u5f52\u4e8e\u6c89\u5bc2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1920\u5e7410\u670829\u65e5\uff0c\u9648\u70af\u660e\u7387\u90e8\u653b\u5360\u5e7f\u5dde\uff0c\u9010\u8d70\u6842\u7cfb\u519b\u9600\u300211\u670828\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8fd4\u7ca4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5f00\u5e9c\u5e7f\u5dde\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u53cd\u5bf9\u76f4\u7cfb\u519b\u9600\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u62a4\u6cd5\u6218\u4e89\u3002\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u5e7f\u5dde\u63a8\u884c\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u88ab\u5916\u754c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u4eb2\u7f8e\u201d\u3001\u201c\u8d64\u5316\u201d\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u5341\u5206\u6ce8\u610f\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u52a8\u5411\u30021921\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u3001\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u6d3e\u5bab\u5d0e\u5bc5\u85cf\u3001\u8431\u91ce\u957f\u77e5\u6765\u5e7f\u5dde\u4e86\u89e3\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5b59\u542c\u53d6\u4e86\u6765\u5ba2\u5bf9\u8001\u53cb\u8fd1\u51b5\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u540e\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4e09\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u672a\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u5bab\u5d0e\u3001\u8431\u91ce\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u5e76\u672a\u53d1\u73b0\u5e7f\u5dde\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u4eb2\u7f8e\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6392\u65e5\u201d\u3001\u201c\u8d64\u5316\u201d\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u56de\u56fd\u540e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5411\u5934\u5c71\u3001\u72ac\u517b\u6c47\u62a5\u7684\uff0c\u672a\u89c1\u8bb0\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u9648\u70af\u660e\u5728\u5185\u5916\u653f\u7b56\u4e0a\u9887\u6709\u5f02\u540c\uff0c\u4eba\u4e8b\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0a\u4ea6\u5404\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u79ef\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u6f14\u62101922\u5e746\u670816\u65e5\u9648\u90e8\u56f4\u653b\u89c2\u97f3\u5c71\u603b\u7edf\u5e9c\u3001\u903c\u8d70\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e4b\u53d8\u3002\u9648\u70af\u660e\u7684\u53db\u53d8\u4f7f\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u5efa\u515a\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u51fa\u8def\u3002\u8fd4\u6caa\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u518d\u5f3a\u8c03\u62a4\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e0e\u6bb5\u797a\u745e\u3001\u5f20\u4f5c\u9716\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u4f5c\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5171\u3001\u5171\u4ea7\u56fd\u9645\u8054\u7edc\uff0c\u4e14\u4e8e1923\u5e741\u670826 \u65e5\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u5b59\u6587\u8d8a\u98de\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u8054\u4fc4\u5916\u4ea4\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u662f\u5e741\u670814\u65e5\uff0c \u6ec7\u6842\u8054\u519b\u9010\u8d70\u9648\u70af\u660e\uff0c2\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8fd4\u62b5\u5e7f\u5dde\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u7acb\u653f\u6743\u3002\u4ed6\u63a8\u884c\u7684\u8054\u4fc4\u8054\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u6539\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u9769\u547d\u6ce8\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u547d\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1923\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4e1c\u4eac\u5927\u5730\u9707\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u66fe\u81f4\u7535\u6170\u95ee\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u3001\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u7b49\u4eba\u300211 \u670816\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5c06\u4eb2\u64b0\u7684\u4e03\u5343\u5b57\u7684\u957f\u51fd\uff0c\u6258\u5c71\u7530\u7eaf\u4e09\u90ce\u5e26\u56de\u7ed9\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u3002\u72ac\u517b\u8fd9\u65f6\u521a\u52a0\u5165\u5c71\u672c\u5185\u9601\uff0c\u5b59\u8ba4\u4e3a\u72ac\u517b\u5165\u9601\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5b9a\u80fd\u5c55\u5176\u62b1\u8d1f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u5b59\u65e5\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4ed6\u5e0c\u671b\u72ac\u517b\u4ee3\u4e9a\u6d32\u4eba\u6c11\u5229\u76ca\u53d1\u8a00\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u627f\u8ba4\u82cf\u4fc4\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ed3\u6210\u201c\u4e2d\u65e5\u4fc4\u8054\u76df\u201d[18](P401\uff5e406) \u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8a00\u8005\u8c06\u8c06\uff0c\u542c\u8005\u85d0\u85d0\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e00\u756a\u5fc3\u8840\uff0c\u4ed8\u8bf8\u767d\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u5f00\u5e9c\u5e7f\u5dde\u540e\uff0c\u9762\u4e34\u4e25\u91cd\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u4ed6\u519b\u4e8b\u9785\u638c\uff0c\u4e1c\u5f81\u3001\u5317\u4f10\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u6ec7\u6842\u519b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e0d\u9051\u5b81\u5904\u3002\u8d22\u653f\u4e0a\u5219\u7f57\u6398\u4ff1\u7a77\uff0c\u65e0\u5904\u544a\u8d37\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u65ad\u5411\u5230\u7ca4\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u8bbf\u5ba2\u63d0\u51fa\u501f\u6b3e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u6beb\u65e0\u7ed3\u679c\u30021924\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u6d3e\u53c2\u8c0b\u603b\u957f\u674e\u70c8\u94a7\u8bbf\u65e5\uff0c\u8981\u4ed6\u8054\u7edc\u65e5\u672c\u671d\u91ce\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u201c\u53d1\u8d77\u4e9a\u6d32\u5927\u540c\u76df\u4ee5\u62b5\u6297\u767d\u79cd\u4e4b\u4fb5\u7565\u201d\uff1b\u5e0c\u671b\u65e5\u672c\u201c\u63a5\u7eb3\u543e\u4eba\u4e4b\u5927\u4e9a\u6d32\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3002\u674e\u70c8\u94a7\u4f1a\u89c1\u4e86\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u7686\u9ed8\u7136\u89c6\u4e4b\uff0c\u4ee4\u674e\u70c8\u94a7\u4e0d\u5f97\u8981\u9886\u800c\u5f52\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51af\u7389\u7965\u5728\u76f4\u5949\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u53d1\u52a8\u201c\u5317\u4eac\u653f\u53d8\u201d\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u76f4\u7cfb\u653f\u6743\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9080\u8bf7\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5317\u4e0a\u5171\u5546\u56fd\u662f\u30021924\u5e7411\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u62b5\u4e0a\u6d77\u3002\u7ecf\u4e0e\u674e\u70c8\u94a7\u5546\u8bae\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u7ecf\u65e5\u672c\u8d74\u5929\u6d25\u300211\u670822\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u542f\u7a0b\u8d74\u65e5\u3002\u636e\u65e5\u65b9\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u5b59\u81f4\u7535\u5934\u5c71\u3001\u72ac\u517b\uff0c\u79f0\u201c\u4eca\u7531\u6caa\u542f\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u65e5\u5c06\u5f97\u62dc\u6664\u4e4b\u673a\u4f1a\u201d\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u590d\u7535\uff0c\u8be2\u201c\u51e0\u65f6\u5f97\u62b5\u4e1c\u4eac\uff1f\u201d\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7b79\u5907\u5b59\u6765\u4e1c\u4eac\u65f6\u7684\u6b22\u8fce\u4f1a\u3002\u5b59\u590d\u7535\u5934\u5c71\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u544a\u4ee5\u201c\u6b64\u6b21\u4e3a\u6536\u62fe\u655d\u56fd\u65f6\u5c40\uff0c\u7279\u7ecf\u795e\u6237\u8d74\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u613f\u5171\u5546\u4e1c\u4e9a\u5927\u5c40\uff0c\u5018\u5f97\u9a7e\u4e34\u66f4\u6b23\u751a\u3002\u5e76\u4e5e\u4ee3\u5411\u671d\u91ce\u8bf8\u8d24\u4f20\u58f0\u201d[19](655\uff5e656)\u300211\u670824\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e00\u884c\u62b5\u8fbe\u795e\u6237\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u6bb5\u797a\u745e\u5df2\u5c31\u4e34\u65f6\u6267\u653f\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u7981\u6b62\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8d74\u4e1c\u4eac\u3002\u5728\u795e\u6237\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8fde\u65e5\u9891\u7e41\u4f1a\u89c1\u65e5\u672c\u5404\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\u3001\u534e\u4fa8\u548c\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u4e45\u524d\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6392\u65e5\u79fb\u6c11\u6cd5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5185\u201c\u5927\u4e9a\u7ec6\u4e9a\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u8206\u8bba\u5f20\u626c\u3002\u5728\u795e\u6237\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f1a\u8bae\u6240\u7b49\u4e94\u56e2\u4f53\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0b\uff0c\u7531\u4e3b\u4eba\u70b9\u9898\uff0c11\u670828\u65e5\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u795e\u6237\u9ad8\u7b49\u5973\u5b50\u5b66\u6821\u4f5c\u4e86\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u5927\u4e9a\u6d32\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u7684\u6f14\u8bf4\u3002\u4ed6\u5c06\u4e1c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u738b\u9053\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u9738\u9053\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u6c11\u8be6\u5ba1\u614e\u62e9\uff1a\u662f\u505a\u897f\u65b9\u9738\u9053\u6587\u5316\u7684\u9e70\u72ac\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u505a\u4e1c\u65b9\u738b\u9053\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5e72\u57ce\u2464\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u671f\u671b\uff0c\u53d1\u6325\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u72ac\u517b\u6bc5\u6d3e\u4ed6\u7684\u4eb2\u4fe1\u53e4\u5c9b\u4e00\u96c4\u6765\u795e\u6237\u770b\u671b\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5219\u5728\u5185\u7530\u826f\u5e73\u9f13\u52b1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u56fe\u5360\u201c\u6ee1\u8499\u201d\u903c\u5b59\u5728\u6536\u56de\u65c5\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u8868\u6001\u800c\u6765\u795e\u6237\u3002\u5148\u662f\uff0c1923\u5e743\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u539f\u7531\u6c99\u4fc4\u903c\u7b7e\u540e\u8f6c\u624b\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u65c5\u5927\u79df\u7ea625\u5e74\u671f\u6ee1\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e8e3\u670814\u65e5\u63d0\u51fa\u6536\u56de\uff0c \u906d\u5230\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u62d2\u7edd\u3002\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u6b64\u5947\u803b\u5927\u8fb1\uff0c\u540c\u6df1\u6124\u6168\uff0c\u81ea\u4e0a\u6d77\u6c11\u4f17\u793a\u5a01\u6297\u8bae\u540e\uff0c\u5404\u7701\u5404\u57e0\u5148\u540e\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5982\u671f\u6536\u56de\uff0c\u5e76\u5e9f\u9664\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u6761\uff0c\u4e14\u4ee5\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7edd\u4ea4\u4e3a\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u672c\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u57281924\u5e7411\u670825\u65e5\u5934\u5c71\u4e0e\u5b59\u4f1a\u9762\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u5b59\u63d0\u51fa\u5e9f\u9664\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u6761\u7ea6\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u5219\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u4ee5\u8d35\u56fd\u56db\u4ebf\u56fd\u6c11\uff0c\u4e0d\u7518\u5916\u56fd\u8f7b\u4fae\u4e0e\u4fb5\u5bb3\uff0c\u7231\u56fd\u4e4b\u58eb\u5bf9\u6b64\u6124\u6168\u4e0d\u5df2\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5f53\u7136\u7684\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u6ee1\u8499\u5730\u65b9\u53d7\u4fc4\u56fd\u4fb5\u7565\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u5e78\u6211\u65e5\u672c\u4ee5\u76f8\u5f53\u5b9e\u529b\uff0c\u4ed8\u51fa\u91cd\u5927\u727a\u7272\uff0c\u59cb\u5f97\u4fdd\u5168\u6709\u5507\u9f7f\u8f85\u8f66\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8d35\u56fd\u9886\u571f\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u5730\u6211\u4e4b\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5f85\u5c06\u6765\u8d35\u56fd\u56fd\u60c5\u5927\u6709\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fe7\u8651\u53d7\u4ed6\u56fd\u4f55\u79cd\u4fb5\u5bb3\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u4e88\u4ee5\u5f52\u8fd8\u3002\u82e5\u76ee\u524d\u7b80\u5355\u7b54\u5e94\u5f52\u8fd8\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u591a\u6570\u5c06\u4e0d\u7b54\u5e94\u201d\u3002\u636e\u8bf4\u5bf9\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u7684\u5510\u7a81\u53d1\u8a00\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6df1\u4e3a\u9519\u6115\uff0c\u795e\u60c5\u7d27\u5f20\uff0c\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff0c\u5148\u5403\u996d\u600e\u4e48\u6837\uff1f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4fbf\u672a\u518d\u8c08\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u4e0b\u5348\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u7684\u968f\u4ece\u91cd\u63d0\u6b64\u4e8b\uff0c\u76f4\u8a00\u6709\u5173\u6ee1\u8499\u6743\u76ca\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6536\u56de\u65c5\u987a\u3001\u5927\u8fde\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8003\u8651\u7684\uff1f\u5b59\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u5e9f\u9664\u65e7\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u65c5\u987a\u3001\u5927\u8fde\u7b49\u7684\u6536\u56de\u5c1a\u672a\u8003\u8651\u5728\u5185\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u9999\u6e2f\u3001\u6fb3\u95e8\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u201d\u53c8\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u65c5\u987a\u3001\u5927\u8fde\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u518d\u6269\u5927\u5176\u52bf\u529b\u5c31\u4f1a\u6210\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u52bf\u529b\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u3002\u5b59\u8fd8\u8981\u6c42\u65e5\u672c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5e9f\u9664\u6cbb\u5916\u6cd5\u6743\u4e0e\u5173\u7a0e\u72ec\u7acb\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u8868\u793a\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4f1a\u89c1\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u56de\u5230\u4e1c\u4eac\uff0c\u4e2d\u9014\u5728\u5927\u962a\u90ca\u5916\u5c0f\u66fe\u6839\u6751\u4f1a\u6664\u5185\u7530\u826f\u5e73\uff0c\u544a\u4ee5\u6b64\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u2465\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1924\u5e7412\u670831\u65e5\uff0c\u62b5\u8fbe\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u7f79\u60a3\u91cd\u75c5\u3002\u5728\u5b59\u884c\u5c06\u4e0d\u8d77\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u4ed6\u8eab\u8fb9\u7684\u4eba\u53bb\u7535\u62db\u8431\u91ce\u957f\u77e5\u6765\u4eac\u3002\u8431\u91ce\u5728\u5b59\u75c5\u69bb\u524d\uff0c\u5b59\u95ee\u4ed6\uff0c\u72ac\u517b\u5148\u751f\u3001\u5934\u5c71\u5148\u751f\u53ef\u597d\uff1f\u300a\u5927\u4e9a\u6d32\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u6f14\u8bb2\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u53cd\u5e94\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u8431\u91ce\u5747\u4f5c\u4e86\u4f7f\u5b59\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u30022\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u8431\u91ce\u5c06\u62b5\u5317\u4eac\u540e\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u81f4\u51fd\u8be6\u544a\u72ac\u517b\u3001\u5934\u5c71\u30021\u4e2a\u6708\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5728\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u6c42\u4e9a\u6d32\u6c11\u65cf\u4e4b\u89e3\u653e\u300b\u7684\u60bc\u6587\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5b59\u5148\u751f\u4e4b\u529f\u7ee9\uff0c\u975e\u7279\u6b32\u6c42\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u5bcc\u5f3a\uff0c\u5176\u6c42\u4e9a\u6d32\u6c11\u65cf\u89e3\u653e\u4e4b\u51b3\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ea6\u672a\u5c1d\u7a0d\u53d8\u3002\u6211\u4e0e\u5148\u751f\u76f8\u77e5\u4e09\u5341\u4f59\u5e74\uff0c\u5148\u751f\u6bcf\u6765\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u5fc5\u6765\u987e\u6211\u3002\u4eca\u95fb\u6b64\u5669\u8017\uff0c\u80fd\u65e0\u6006\u7136\u6b32\u6d95\u8036\uff1f\u201d[20](P52) \u4eba\u4eec\u6216\u8bb8\u5e76\u672a\u8003\u8651\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5bf9\u6545\u53cb\u7684\u60bc\u6587\u662f\u5426\u771f\u8bda\uff0c\u4f46\u5e94\u5f53\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6545\u4ea4\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u7684\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8bc4\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd8\u771f\u8bf4\u5f97\u4e0a\u5927\u4f53\u662f\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1929\u5e74\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3e\u884c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u79fb\u7075\u5178\u793c\uff0c\u9080\u8bf7\u5934\u5c71\u3001\u72ac\u517b\u7b49\u4e00\u6279\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u65e5\u672c\u65e7\u53cb\u3001\u65e7\u53cb\u9057\u5c5e\u6765\u534e\u5171\u8944\u76db\u4e3e\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d7\u5230\u70ed\u60c5\u63a5\u5f85\u3002\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u4ece\u4e2a\u4eba\u5173\u7cfb\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u5584\u59cb\u5584\u7ec8\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u56fd\u4ea4\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e2d\u65e5\u4e24\u56fd\u5373\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u665a\u5e74\u5728\u8fd9\u573a\u957f\u8fbe13\u5e74\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u4fb5\u534e\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ecd\u5728\u5e55\u540e\u64cd\u7eb5\u53f3\u7ffc\u56e2\u4f53\u548c\u5927\u9646\u6d6a\u4eba\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d1\u52a8\u7684\u201c\u5927\u4e1c\u4e9a\u5723\u6218\u201d\u3002\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u6bd5\u7adf\u662f\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\uff0c50\u5e74\u672a\u6539\u5176\u521d\u8877\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u636e\u8431\u91ce\u957f\u77e5\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6709\u591a\u8fbe300\u4e2a\u65e5\u672c\u53cb\u4eba\u3002\u4f46\u6b64\u8f88\u591a\u975e\u9053\u4e49\u4e4b\u4ea4\uff0c \u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u90fd\u4e2d\u9014\u544a\u522b\uff0c\u6709\u7684\uff08\u5982\u7530\u4e2d\u4e49\u4e00\uff09\u8fd8\u6210\u4e3a\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6279\u5224\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u6216\u8bb8\u4f1a\u95ee\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u5b59\u4e0e\u6d6a\u4eba\u9996\u9886\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u7684\u53cb\u8c0a\u5c45\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u4e00\u4ee5\u8d2f\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u63a2\u7a76\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u51fa\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u4e0d\u5916\u4e4e\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u572820\u4f59\u5e74\u95f4\u5bf9\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u786e\u66fe\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fc7\u8bb8\u591a\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5b59\u56e0\u4e3a\u83b7\u5f97\u652f\u6301\u800c\u5fc3\u5b58\u611f\u6fc0\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u65ad\u5bc4\u4e88\u539a\u671b\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5fcc\u8bb3\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u4e4b\u95f4\u5728\u4e9a\u6d32\u89c2\u3001\u4e2d\u65e5\u5173\u7cfb\u89c2\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b59\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6c34\u5e73\u6240\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u57281897\u5e74\u4e0e\u5bab\u5d0e\u7b14\u8c08\uff0c\u5373\u8d5e\u6210\u201c\u4e2d\u4e1c\u5408\u540c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e9a\u6d32\u4e4b\u76df\u4e3b\u201d\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u30021913\u5e74\u5b59\u4e3a\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u9898\u8054\uff1a\u201c\u897f\u5f66\uff08\u8c1a\uff09\u66f0\u8840\u6d53\u4e8e\u6c34\uff0c\u4e1c\u53e4\u8bad\u5507\u9f7f\u76f8\u4f9d\u3002\u201d\u76f4\u81f31923\u5e74\uff0c\u5b59\u4ecd\u63d0\u8bae\u5efa\u7acb\u4e2d\u65e5\u540c\u76df\uff0c\u4ee5\u65e5\u672c\u4e3a\u76df\u4e3b\u30021924\u5e7411\u6708\u66f4\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u201c\u65e5\u672c\u7ef4\u65b0\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u7ef4\u65b0\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u3002\u201d\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0e\u524d\u8ff0\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u7684\u201c\u65e5\u652f\u4e00\u5bb6\u201d\u3001\u4e2d\u65e5\u8054\u5408\u3001\u4e2d\u65e5\u540c\u76df\u4ee5\u65e5\u672c\u4e3a\u76df\u4e3b\u7684\u5927\u4e9a\u6d32\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u8bdd\u8bed\u76f8\u4f3c\u6216\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u4ea4\u96c6\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e9b\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u5728\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u76f8\u5f02\u7684\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6709\u8f83\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u6c11\u65cf\u72ec\u7acb\u3001\u5e73\u7b49\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f31\u5c0f\u6c11\u65cf\u56e2\u7ed3\u53cd\u6297\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f3a\u6743\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u51b3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0e\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u7684\u4e9a\u6d32\u95e8\u7f57\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u56fe\u8c0b\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u9886\u571f\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u4ee5\u65e5\u672c\u7687\u9053\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e9a\u6d32\u7684\u9738\u6743\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8bba\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u662f\u5426\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u7684\u652f\u6301\u5305\u85cf\u7978\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u59cb\u7ec8\u5f15\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\u4e3a\u540c\u5fd7\u3001\u4e3a\u631a\u53cb\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u56ff\u4e8e\u4e3b\u5ba2\u89c2\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u80fd\u529b\u5177\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u5728\u8bc4\u8bba\u4ed6\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u53cd\u5e1d\u601d\u60f3\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u4e4b\u6bd4\u8f83\u674e\u5927\u948a1919\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u65b0\u4e9a\u7ec6\u4e9a\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u6c34\u5e73\u5747\u5927\u6709\u8f69\u8f7e\u3002\u674e\u5927\u948a\u8bf4\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u201c\u4e3b\u5f20\u62ff\u6c11\u65cf\u89e3\u653e\u4f5c\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u6539\u9020\u201d\uff1b\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u56e0\u4e3a\u53d7\u65e5\u672c\u5927\u4e9a\u7ec6\u4e9a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u538b\u8feb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u8981\u63ed\u8d77\u65b0\u4e9a\u7ec6\u4e9a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5927\u65d7\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e9a\u6d32\u6c11\u65cf\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u201d[21](P148,256) \u7acb\u8db3\u70b9\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u89c2\u5ff5\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u6545\u5e94\u5f53\u5b9e\u4e8b\u6c42\u662f\uff0c\u89e3\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u8981\uff1a\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u9769\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u66fe\u79ef\u6781\u4e89\u53d6\u65e5\u672c\u671d\u91ce\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u4e0e\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u6d6a\u4eba\u9996\u9886\u5934\u5c71\u6ee1\uff0c\u6709\u957f\u8fbe2 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[5,8],"tags":[7563,12576,365],"views":533,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40945"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=40945"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40945\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40946,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40945\/revisions\/40946"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=40945"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=40945"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=40945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}