{"id":41262,"date":"2024-09-04T04:42:05","date_gmt":"2024-09-03T20:42:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=41262"},"modified":"2024-09-04T06:42:08","modified_gmt":"2024-09-03T22:42:08","slug":"%e9%92%bb%e7%9f%b3%e5%a5%b3%e7%8e%8b%ef%bc%9a%e4%bc%8a%e4%b8%bd%e8%8e%8e%e7%99%bd%e4%ba%8c%e4%b8%96%e4%b8%8e%e5%a5%b9%e7%9a%84%e5%9b%bd%e5%ae%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=41262","title":{"rendered":"\u94bb\u77f3\u5973\u738b\uff1a\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u4e8c\u4e16\u4e0e\u5979\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"header\" data-v-0567f714=\"\">\n<div class=\"source\" data-v-0567f714=\"\">\u6765\u6e90:<span data-v-0567f714=\"\">\u4e09\u8054\u751f\u6d3b\u5468\u520a<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0\u6587:<span class=\"techer_name cursor-pointer\" data-v-0567f714=\"\">\u4fde\u529b\u838e<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-v-0567f714=\"\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"daodu\" 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Wrigley\uff09\u8fd9\u6837\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1952\u5e74\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u6ee1\u76ee\u75ae\u75cd\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u90fd\u5728\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u6218\u540e\u91cd\u5efa\u3002\u201c\u738b\u5ba4\u5728\u90a3\u65f6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u6240\u63a5\u7eb3\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u88ab\u4e00\u79cd\u52bf\u4e0d\u53ef\u6321\u7684\u7231\u6234\u6240\u5305\u56f4\u3002\u738b\u5ba4\u6210\u4e3a\u7231\u6234\u548c\u6548\u5fe0\u7684\u7126\u70b9\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u770b\u6210\u56fd\u5bb6\u56e2\u7ed3\u548c\u5916\u754c\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u738b\u5ba4\u7684\u6743\u529b\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u627f\u8ba4\u738b\u51a0\u662f\u5927\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u3002\u201d\u8096\u514b\u7f57\u65af\u5982\u6b64\u5199\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"http:\/\/image.ku.lifeweek.com.cn\/content\/1\/686\/1516035618464795.jpg?x-oss-process=image\/resize,w_800\" \/><br \/>\n( 6\u67083\u65e5\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5973\u738b\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u4e8c\u4e16\u548c\u738b\u5ba4\u6210\u5458\u5728\u201c\u67e5\u7279\u7ef4\u5c14\u7cbe\u795e\u53f7\u201d\u5411\u89c2\u770b\u5e86\u5178\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u81f4\u610f 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Allport\uff09\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u8fd9\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u6700\u5e94\u8be5\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7236\u4eb2\u4e54\u6cbb\u516d\u4e16\uff0c\u548c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u591a\u5e74\u91cc\u5979\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u652f\u67f1\u201d\u7684\u4e08\u592b\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u4eb2\u738b\uff0c\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u5c31\u5e94\u662f\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u5979\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u9996\u76f8\uff0c\u6811\u7acb\u8d77\u4e86\u5979\u671f\u671b\u4e4b\u540e\u6240\u6709\u9996\u76f8\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u96be\u4ee5\u4f01\u53ca\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff01\u201d\u745e\u683c\u5229\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u5973\u738b\u4ece\u6e29\u65af\u987f\u00b7\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u7235\u58eb\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\u826f\u591a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"http:\/\/image.ku.lifeweek.com.cn\/content\/1\/686\/1516035618215387.jpg?x-oss-process=image\/resize,w_800\" \/><br \/>\n( 1955\u5e74\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u82f1\u56fd\u9996\u76f8\u6e29\u65af\u987f\u00b7\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\uff08\u4e2d\uff09\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u5510\u5b81\u885710\u53f7\u4e3e\u884c\u5bb4\u4f1a\u540e\u9001\u522b\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u4e8c\u4e16\uff08\u53f3\uff09 )<\/p>\n<p>1953\u5e746\u6708\uff0c78\u5c81\u7684\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e2d\u98ce\uff0c\u88ab\u8feb\u56de\u4e61\u4f11\u517b\u3002\u7b49\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\u4ed6\u8fd4\u56de\u4f26\u6566\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4f55\u65f6\u9000\u4f11\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba8\u8bba\u5f97\u6cb8\u6cb8\u626c\u626c\uff0c\u653f\u5ba2\u4eec\u90fd\u5e0c\u671b\u5973\u738b\u80fd\u591f\u5229\u7528\u6bcf\u5468\u4e8c\u4f8b\u884c\u4f1a\u9762\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u529d\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u5c31\u6b64\u9690\u9000\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u5374\u51fa\u4eba\u610f\u6599\u5730\u9080\u8bf7\u5904\u4e8e\u4f4e\u8c37\u7684\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u5055\u59bb\u5b50\u53c2\u52a0\u201c\u5723\u00b7\u91cc\u57fa\u5c14\u8d5b\u9a6c\u4f1a\u201d\uff1b\u63a5\u7740\u53c8\u9080\u8bf7\u4ed6\u4eec\u5230\u738b\u5ba4\u884c\u5bab\u5df4\u5c14\u83ab\u52d2\u5c14\u5821\u6d88\u590f\u3002\u5230\u51ac\u5929\uff0c\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u91cd\u65b0\u638c\u63a7\u5c40\u52bf\u65f6\uff0c\u5973\u738b\u7ec8\u4e8e\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5fc3\u5730\u52a8\u8eab\u53bb\u51fa\u8bbf\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u5404\u56fd\u4e86\u3002\u9010\u6e10\u638c\u63e1\u9886\u8896\u827a\u672f\u7684\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u4ee5\u5176\u201c\u8ff7\u4eba\u3001\u806a\u6167\u201d\u5f81\u670d\u4e86\u8001\u9996\u76f8\u3002\u5973\u738b\u7684\u7167\u7247\u88ab\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u6302\u5728\u5367\u5ba4\u5e8a\u5934\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u53bb\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5973\u738b\u4e0e\u9996\u76f8\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u662f\u541b\u4e3b\u7acb\u5baa\u653f\u4f53\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u8c61\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u4e2a\u6027\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5148\u8f88\u4eec\uff0c\u90fd\u66fe\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u65bd\u52a0\u4e8e\u9996\u76f8\uff0c\u5192\u7740\u5f15\u53d1\u5baa\u653f\u5371\u673a\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u6765\u5145\u5206\u884c\u4f7f\u738b\u6743\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5230\u5979\u53d4\u53d4\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u516b\u4e16\u767b\u57fa\u65f6\uff0c\u5df2\u4eca\u975e\u6614\u6bd4\u3002\u5f53\u9996\u76f8\u9c8d\u5fb7\u6e29\u544a\u8bc9\u56fd\u738b\uff0c\u5185\u9601\u62d2\u7edd\u4ed6\u8fce\u5a36\u79bb\u8fc7\u5a5a\u7684\u8f9b\u666e\u68ee\u592b\u4eba\u4e3a\u59bb\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u9eef\u7136\u9000\u4f4d\u3002\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u9762\u524d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u8303\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fde\u5979\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u4e5f\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u89c9\u5f97\u9996\u76f8\u514b\u83b1\u95e8\u7279\u00b7\u827e\u5fb7\u793c\u6ca1\u7ed9\u4ed6\u5173\u4e8e\u653f\u5e9c\u653f\u7b56\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u800c\u201c\u54ac\u7259\u5207\u9f7f\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u660e\u667a\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u79d8\u4e66\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u968f\u8eab\u643a\u5e26\u7740\u5199\u6709\u5baa\u6cd5\u6761\u6b3e\u7684\u672c\u5b50\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5973\u738b\u5728\u505a\u5224\u65ad\u65f6\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u7136\u4e8e\u515a\u6d3e\u653f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"http:\/\/image.ku.lifeweek.com.cn\/content\/1\/686\/1516035618411289.jpg?x-oss-process=image\/resize,w_800\" \/><br \/>\n( 1961\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5973\u738b\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u4e8c\u4e16\u8bbf\u95ee\u585e\u62c9\u5229\u6602 )<\/p>\n<p>\u4f26\u6566\u56fd\u738b\u5b66\u9662\u5f53\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6559\u6388\u5e15\u7279\u4e3d\u590f\u00b7\u68ee\uff08Patricia M. Thane\uff09\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff1a\u201c\u5973\u738b\u53d7\u5230\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u5979\u548c\u853c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e72\u6d89\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u3002\u201d\u82f1\u56fd\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u57fa\u7763\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u65af\u79d1\u7279\u00b7\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\uff08Scott Anthony\uff09\u535a\u58eb\u4e5f\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u65e0\u8bba\u4ece\u8868\u8c61\u770b\u6765\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u4e8c\u4e16\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u653f\u6cbb\u6027\u7684\u3002\u9664\u975e\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8857\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u5b81\u613f\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5143\u9996\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u4e3e\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u603b\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u666e\u904d\u7684\u53cd\u804c\u4e1a\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u60c5\u7eea\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u79ef\u6781\u652f\u6301\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\u524d\u666f\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u65b0\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e1d\u6beb\u738b\u671d\u590d\u5174\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3002\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u5728\u4efb\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4fdd\u6709\u5e1d\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u8363\u8000\uff0c\u800c\u8f83\u5c11\u5173\u6ce8\u56fd\u5185\u6c11\u751f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c1955\u5e74\uff0c\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u7684\u8c22\u5e55\u4f7f\u5f97\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u56f0\u5883\u88ab\u5168\u9762\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u201c\u7801\u5934\u7f62\u5de5\u3001\u94c1\u8def\u7f62\u5de5\uff0c\u79cd\u79cd\u5371\u673a\u8feb\u4f7f\u827e\u767b\u8bf7\u6c42\u5973\u738b\u5ba3\u5e03\u5168\u56fd\u5904\u4e8e\u7d27\u6025\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4ece\u6b64\uff0c\u5927\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u5b83\u957f\u8fbe30\u5e74\u7684\u5669\u68a6\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u5669\u68a6\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u5ba3\u544a\u6709\u7740\u7f57\u66fc\u8482\u514b\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u2018\u65b0\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u65f6\u4ee3\u2019\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u8096\u514b\u7f57\u65af\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u4ece20\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u523060\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u601d\u6f6e\uff1a\u5bf9\u738b\u5ba4\u7684\u987a\u4ece\u548c\u5c0a\u91cd\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\uff0c\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7684\u662f\u6f20\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u3001\u6000\u7591\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u8bbd\u523a\u6316\u82e6\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u201d\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u4e8c\u4e16\u4ece\u5bb9\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u5f88\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u4e00\u4ee3\u603b\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5e74\u957f\u7684\u4e00\u4ee3\u5931\u53bb\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f88\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5931\u53bb\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"http:\/\/image.ku.lifeweek.com.cn\/content\/1\/686\/1516035708433091.jpg?x-oss-process=image\/resize,w_800\" \/><br \/>\n( 1997\u5e749\u67085\u65e5\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5973\u738b\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u4e8c\u4e16\u5728\u5723\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u5bab\u4f1a\u89c1\u524d\u6765\u540a\u5501\u6234\u5b89\u5a1c\u738b\u5983\u7684\u4eba\u4eec )<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4ece\u5e1d\u56fd\u7687\u5e1d\u5230\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u9996\u8111<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u592b\u4eba\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5f00\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u5242\u529b\u633d\u72c2\u6f9c\u7684\u731b\u836f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u82f1\u4f26\u6700\u5f3a\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u5374\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u201c\u60fa\u60fa\u76f8\u60dc\u201d\u3002\u745e\u683c\u5229\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff1a\u201c\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u5973\u738b\u5f88\u5c11\u516c\u5f00\u8868\u9732\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u597d\u6076\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5979\u548c\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u592b\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6469\u64e6\u3002\u201d\u300a\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u62a5\u300b\u66fe\u7206\u6599\uff1a\u201c\u5f53\u5b98\u5458\u5411\u5973\u738b\u6c47\u62a5\u8bf4\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u592b\u4eba\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6655\u5012\u65f6\uff0c\u5973\u738b\u975e\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u4e00\u8138\u9119\u5937\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u2018\u5979\u603b\u662f\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8d62\u5f97\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002\u2019\u7531\u6b64\u4e0d\u96be\u770b\u51fa\u4e24\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4f55\u4e4b\u50f5\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u82f1\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u300b\u7f16\u59d4\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7ea6\u514b\u5927\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u53f2\u8482\u82ac\u00b7\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\uff08Stephen J 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