{"id":41498,"date":"2025-07-18T09:56:17","date_gmt":"2025-07-18T01:56:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=41498"},"modified":"2025-07-18T09:59:29","modified_gmt":"2025-07-18T01:59:29","slug":"%e6%9d%a8%e4%bf%8a%e6%9d%b0-%e5%a4%a7%e6%b8%85%e4%be%8d%e5%8d%ab%e6%b8%85%e7%a6%8f%e5%92%8c%e5%b0%8f%e6%b4%aa%e5%a0%a1-%e4%b8%80%e6%9c%ac%e3%80%8a%e4%b8%89%e5%9b%bd%e5%bf%97%e6%bc%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=41498","title":{"rendered":"\u6768\u4fca\u6770: \u5927\u6e05\u4f8d\u536b\u6e05\u798f\u548c\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u672c\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u5fd7\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u7684\u4e07\u91cc\u897f\u884c"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\u6587: \u6768\u4fca\u6770\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6765\u6e90:\u300a\u8bfb\u4e66\u300b<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\u63d0\u5230\u96e8\u679c\u7684\u300a\u5df4\u9ece\u5723\u6bcd\u9662\u300b\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u9996\u5148\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u603b\u662f\u201c\u949f\u697c\u602a\u4eba\u201d\u5361\u897f\u83ab\u591a\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u7f8e\u8c8c\u7684\u5409\u535c\u8d5b\u59d1\u5a18\u7231\u65af\u7f8e\u62c9\u8fbe\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5c0f\u8bf4\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u662f\u514b\u6d1b\u5fb7\u795e\u7236\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u5361\u897f\u83ab\u591a\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\uff0c\u9634\u6c89\u5730\u7ad9\u5728\u949f\u697c\u4e0a\uff0c\u51dd\u671b\u7740\u7231\u65af\u7f8e\u62c9\u8fbe\uff0c\u8981\u5f97\u5230\u5979\uff01\u96e8\u679c\u5316\u8eab\u4e3a\u53d9\u8ff0\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u5c0f\u8bf4\u7684\u5e8f\u8a00\u91cc\u8bf4\u6709\u4e00\u56de\u5230\u5df4\u9ece\u5723\u6bcd\u9662\u53c2\u89c2\uff0c\u65e0\u610f\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u5899\u4e0a\u523b\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u53e4\u602a\uff0c\u8ddf\u4fee\u9053\u9662\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6c14\u8d28\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u548c\u8c10\u7684\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u5355\u8bcd\u201c\u547d\u8fd0\u201d\uff08Ananke\uff09\u2014\u2014\u66f4\u786e\u5207\u5730\u8bf4\u662f\u201c\u5fc5\u7136\u201d\u3002\u5fc5\u7136\u4e4b\u4e8e\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u90a3\u79cd\u4ee4\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u4e0d\u7531\u81ea\u4e3b\uff0c\u5374\u53c8\u65e0\u6cd5\u6446\u8131\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u5b83\u8ddf\u547d\u8fd0\u7684\u786e\u5f88\u50cf\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u300a\u5df4\u9ece\u5723\u6bcd\u9662\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5899\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u5fc5\u7136\u201d\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u6307\u60c5\u6b32\u3002\u60c5\u6b32\u7684\u70c8\u706b\u63a7\u5236\u4f4f\u4e86\u514b\u6d1b\u5fb7\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5168\u526f\u806a\u660e\u624d\u667a\u90fd\u53d7\u5b83\u7684\u64cd\u7eb5\u3002\u4e00\u9762\u662f\u60c5\u6b32\u51f6\u731b\u5730\u5954\u7a81\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\u662f\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5ba1\u89c6\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u81ea\u8d23\uff0c\u514b\u6d1b\u5fb7\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u88ab\u6495\u626f\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u51fa\u73b0\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5728\u8ff7\u4e71\u4e4b\u4e2d\u523b\u4e0b\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3002\u514b\u6d1b\u5fb7\u7684\u7ed3\u5c40\u662f\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u60c5\u6b32\u7684\u6ce5\u6f6d\u91cc\u6c89\u6ca6\u5230\u5e95\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\"><img src=\"https:\/\/i03piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/a555e310f1d27da8\" \/><\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u96e8\u679c\uff1a\u300a\u5df4\u9ece\u5723\u6bcd\u9662\u300b\uff08Penguin Classics; Revised ed. edition\uff0c1978\uff09<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\u6309\u7167\u4f5c\u5bb6\u96e8\u679c\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u514b\u6d1b\u5fb7\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4ece\u5c18\u5c01\u4e2d\u8d70\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5448\u73b0\u5728\u53d9\u8ff0\u8005\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bfb\u8005\u7684\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u5951\u673a\u662f\u5723\u6bcd\u9662\u5899\u4e0a\u7684\u5b57\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8981\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u5b83\u9759\u9759\u5730\u8eba\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u53e4\u7c4d\u90e8\u91cc\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u6d6e\u73b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5951\u673a\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u91cc\u7684\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u719f\u8bfb\u7684\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u3002\u50cf\u6e05\u671d\u524d\u671f\u520a\u884c\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u6bdb\u672c\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u300b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4e66\u540d\u662f\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u5fd7\u300b\u3002\u6bdb\u672c\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\uff0c\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u6bdb\u5b97\u5c97\u6258\u79f0\u53e4\u672c\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u5fd7\u300b\u800c\u6539\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c06\u5176\u79f0\u4f5c\u201c\u4e09\u56fd\u5fd7\u6f14\u4e49\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u5fd7\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4ece\u5c18\u5c01\u4e2d\u8d70\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5951\u673a\u5219\u662f\u628a\u4e66\u5e26\u56de\u67cf\u6797\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4ed6\u5728\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u7559\u5728\u4e66\u9875\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\"><img src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/057ce1e440b25417\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u5fd7\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u8fd9\u672c\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u5fd7\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u603b\u516d\u5341\u5377\uff0c\u6bcf\u5377\u4e24\u56de\uff0c\u5171\u4e00\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u56de\u3002\u4e1c\u65b9\u53e4\u7c4d\u90e8\u73b0\u4eca\u6240\u85cf\u53ea\u6709\u56db\u56de\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u7b2c\u4e94\u56de\u4ec5\u6709\u4e24\u9875\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u6cf0\u534a\u6b8b\u7f3a\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u6709\u6c49\u6ee1\u53cc\u8bed\u7684\u624b\u5199\u4f53\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u6c49\u8bed\u5199\u5f97\u5f88\u5206\u660e\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u8c41\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u5361\u4f26\u4f8d\u536b\u6e05\u798f\u201d\u3002\u5728\u6c49\u6ee1\u53cc\u8bed\u624b\u5199\u4f53\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u5e95\u4e0b\uff0c\u662f\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\uff08Alexander von Humboldt\uff0c1769-1859\uff09\u7528\u5fb7\u8bed\u5199\u7684\u5907\u5fd8\u3002\u5b57\u8ff9\u6f66\u8349\u4e14\u6709\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u6b8a\u96be\u5b8c\u5168\u8fa8\u8ba4\u2014\u2014Dieses Werk ist mir, am\u00a05<sup>ten\u00a0<\/sup>August a. Jt. 1829, an der chinesischen Dzungarei, auf dem Vorposten Choni[mai]la&#8221;chu (Baty) von dem chines. Befehlhaber Tsingfu f\u00fcr meinen Bruder Wilhelm v. Humboldt geschenkt worden. &#8230;Ich mit der chinesischen Sprache besch.ftige. Einige mit Bleistift geschriebene &#8230; Tsingfu &#8230; von &#8230; th in Peterburg von Tinte copiert. [Ale]xander Humboldt\u3002\u4e2d\u62ec\u53f7\u91cc\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bd5\u56fe\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u590d\u539f\uff0c\u8fa8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u51fa\u6765\u53c8\u65e0\u6cd5\u590d\u539f\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7528\u7701\u7565\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u3002\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u7684\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8bdd\uff0c\u52c9\u5f3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u201c\u8fd9\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u9001\u7ed9\u6211\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u4e00\u516b\u4e8c\u4e5d\u5e74\u516b\u6708\u4e94\u65e5\uff0c\u5730\u70b9\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u51c6\u5676\u5c14\u7684\u8c41\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\uff08\u5df4\u56fe\uff09\u54e8\u6240\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4f8d\u536b\u6e05\u798f\uff0c\u8981\u6211\u5e26\u7ed9\u6211\u7684\u54e5\u54e5\u5927\u6d2a\u5821\u3002\u2026\u2026\u6211\u2026\u2026\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6c49\u8bed\u6587\u5b57\u3002\u7528\u94c5\u7b14\u5199\u7684\u2026\u2026\u6e05\u798f\u2026\u2026\u662f\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u7684\uff3b\u2026\u2026\uff3d\u7528\u58a8\u6c34\u6479\u5199\u7684\u3002\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u201d\u3002<img src=\"https:\/\/img1.baidu.com\/it\/u=1963947476,3283741296&amp;fm=253&amp;fmt=auto&amp;app=138&amp;f=JPEG?w=494&amp;h=730\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">\u6c49\u6ee1\u53cc\u8bed\u8c41\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u5361\u4f26\u4f8d\u536b\u6e05\u798f\u3001\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u7528\u5fb7\u8bed\u5199\u7684\u5907\u5fd8<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\"><img src=\"https:\/\/i04piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/131d0c97c30a88bd\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\uff08Alexander von Humboldt\uff0c1769-1859\uff09<\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\u5361\u4f26\u6765\u81ea\u6ee1\u8bed\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u54e8\u6240\u3002\u8c41\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u5373\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\uff08\u4e5f\u4f5c\u970d\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u547c\u3001\u970d\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u6248\uff09\uff0c\u5c5e\u6e05\u671d\u897f\u5317\u8fb9\u5883\u79d1\u5e03\u591a\u8f96\u533a\u3002\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u4f8d\u536b\u7ba1\u8f96\u56db\u5ea7\u5361\u4f26\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u54c8\u5587\u5854\u5c14\u5df4\u54c8\u53f0\u3001\u90a3\u6797\u3001\u5e93\u5170\u963f\u5409\u5c14\u5676\u3001\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\uff08\u5468\u5b66\u519b\u3001\u5218\u7115\u5cf0\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u4fc4\u52d8\u5206\u897f\u5317\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0e\u79d1\u5e03\u591a\u897f\u8def\u516b\u5361\u4f26\u7684\u4e24\u6b21\u5185\u8fc1\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u897f\u57df\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u4e8c\u3007\u3007\u4e09\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e09\u671f\uff09\u3002\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u4f8d\u536b\u6e05\u798f\u8d60\u4e66\u7684\u5730\u70b9\uff0c\u5e94\u5c31\u662f\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u5361\u4f26\u3002\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u5728\u62ec\u53f7\u91cc\u5199\u7684\u201c\u5df4\u56fe\u201d\uff08Baty\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u8fd9\u5ea7\u5361\u4f26\u7684\u79f0\u8c13\u3002\u5730\u5904\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\u4e1c\u5cb8\uff0c\u5bf9\u5cb8\u662f\u96b6\u5c5e\u5854\u5c14\u5df4\u54c8\u53f0\u8f96\u533a\u7684\u8f89\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u5361\u4f26\u3002\u201c\u65b0\u7586\u5317\u8def\u4e4b\u5854\u5c14\u5df4\u54c8\u53f0\u4e0e\u79d1\u5e03\u591a\u6bd7\u8fde\uff0c\u4ee5\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\u4e3a\u754c\u3002\u6cb3\u4e1c\u5361\u4f26\u5730\u540d\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\uff0c\u96b6\u79d1\u5e03\u591a\u3002\u6cb3\u897f\u5361\u4f26\u5730\u540d\u8f89\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\uff0c\u96b6\u5854\u5c14\u5df4\u54c8\u53f0\u3002\u201d\uff08\u7941\u97f5\u58eb\uff1a\u300a\u897f\u9672\u8981\u7565\u300b\uff0c\u6210\u6587\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u4e00\u4e5d\u516b\u516d\u5e74\u7248\uff09\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u5361\u4f26\u5728\u540c\u6cbb\u5e74\u95f4\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u4fc4\u8fb9\u754c\u7eb7\u4e89\u66fe\u51fa\u73b0\u5185\u8fc1\uff0c\u5730\u70b9\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u63a2\u8bbf\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u5361\u4f26\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u9053\u5149\u4e5d\u5e74\uff08\u4e00\u516b\u4e8c\u4e5d\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u897f\u9672\u8981\u7565\u300b\u4f5c\u4e8e\u9053\u5149\u5341\u4e03\u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u6240\u8ff0\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4fe1\u3002\u8f89\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u7684\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5927\u6982\u5c31\u5728\u5982\u4eca\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u65af\u5766\u7684\u5361\u5179\u7eb3\u79d1\u592b\u5361\u9644\u8fd1\u3002\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u5361\u4f26\u6240\u5904\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\u4e4b\u658b\u6851\u6cca\u6cb3\u6bb5\u4ee5\u5317\uff0c\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\u6ce8\u5165\u658b\u6851\u6cca\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u5411\u5317\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e0e\u4ece\u4e1c\u8fb9\u6d41\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u5e03\u8d6b\u5854\u5c14\u9a6c\u6cb3\u4f1a\u5408\u7ee7\u7eed\u5411\u5317\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\"><img src=\"https:\/\/i01piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/b3422349284593d7\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u5361\u4f26\u6240\u5904\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\u6bb5\u4f4d\u4e8e\u658b\u6851\u6cca\u6cb3\u6bb5\u5317\u7aef<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u7684\u5907\u5fd8\uff0c\u6e05\u798f\u201c\u7528\u94c5\u7b14\u5199\u7684\u201d\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u5728\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u53c8\u88ab\u4eba\u201c\u7528\u58a8\u6c34\u6479\u5199\u201d\u3002\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u770b\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u53ea\u7559\u4e0b\u672b\u5c3e-th\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u5236\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u5f20\u5361\u7247\uff0c\u7565\u4f5c\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e\u2014\u2014\u201c\u7531\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u5bb6\u8638\u58a8\u6c34\u6479\u5199\u201d\uff08von einem Peterburger Orientalisten mit Tinte kopiert\uff09\u3002\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u4fc4\u56fd\u6c49\u5b66\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\u201d\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\uff08Bitchourin\uff0c1778-1853\uff09\u3002\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\u7684\u201c\u6cd5\u53f7\u201d\u5bf9\u5fb7\u8bed\u5b66\u754c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u62fc\u4f5cHyakinth\uff08\u5bf9\u6cd5\u8bed\u5b66\u754c\u800c\u8a00\u662fHyacinthe\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a-e\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u6b63\u662fth\u3002\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u66fe\u5bf9\u610f\u5927\u5229\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u6f58\u56fd\u5149\uff08Francesco Brancati\uff09\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u5929\u795e\u4f1a\u8bfe\u300b\uff08\u6700\u65e9\u51fa\u7248\u4e8e\u4e00\u516d\u516d\u4e09\u5e74\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u7f16\uff0c\u63a8\u51fa\u9002\u5408\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u300a\u5929\u795e\u4f1a\u8bfe\u300b\uff08\u4e00\u516b\u4e00\u3007\uff09\u3002\u5728\u7f57\u9a6c\u68b5\u8482\u5188\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u91cc\uff0c\u65e2\u6709\u6f58\u56fd\u5149\u7248\u300a\u5929\u795e\u4f1a\u8bfe\u300b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\u7248\u300a\u5929\u795e\u4f1a\u8bfe\u300b\u3002\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\u7248\u300a\u5929\u795e\u4f1a\u8bfe\u300b\u7f72\u540d\u201c\u5927\u795e\u7236\u4e59\u963f\u94a6\u7279\u201d\uff0c\u4e59\u963f\u94a6\u7279\u5373Hyakinth\u3002\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\u4e00\u516b\u4e8c\u4e00\u5e74\u56de\u56fd\uff0c\u4e00\u5ea6\u88ab\u5224\u6d41\u653e\uff0c\u4e00\u516b\u4e8c\u4e5d\u5e74\u5219\u5df2\u56de\u5230\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u516c\u5171\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u6c49\u6ee1\u56fe\u4e66\u7f16\u76ee\u5de5\u4f5c\uff08\u674e\u660e\u6ee8\uff1a\u300a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c49\u5b66\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u5927\u8c61\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u4e8c\u3007\u3007\u516b\u5e74\u7248\uff09\u3002\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u62e5\u6709\u4e0d\u4fd7\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\u62e5\u6709\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u6c49\u5b66\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4e14\u65e2\u61c2\u6c49\u6587\u53c8\u61c2\u6ee1\u6587\uff0c\u63a8\u6d4b\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\u5c31\u662f\u6479\u5199\u6e05\u798f\u7b14\u8ff9\u7684\u90a3\u4f4d\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u5e76\u975e\u65e0\u7a3d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\"><img src=\"https:\/\/img1.baidu.com\/it\/u=4183084313,3867876483&amp;fm=253&amp;fmt=auto&amp;app=138&amp;f=JPEG?w=394&amp;h=600\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\u5c3c\u57fa\u5854\u00b7\u96c5\u79d1\u592b\u5217\u7ef4\u5947\u00b7\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\uff081778\u20141853\uff09<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u95f4\u63a5\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u4e5f\u9690\u7ea6\u5730\u6307\u5411\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\u3002\u4e00\u516b\u4e8c\u4e5d\u5e74\u4e94\u6708\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u52a8\u8eab\u524d\u5f80\u4fc4\u56fd\uff0c\u5954\u8d74\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u8fdb\u884c\u8003\u5bdf\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u8003\u5bdf\u5386\u65f6\u534a\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e45\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u6210\u679c\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4e09\u5377\u672c\u300a\u4e2d\u4e9a\u300b\uff08<em>Asie centrale<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u516b\u56db\u4e09\u5e74\u7528\u6cd5\u8bed\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u5fb7\u8bed\uff0c\u6210\u4e24\u5377\u4e09\u518c\uff0c\u4e00\u516b\u56db\u56db\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u8fd8\u5e26\u56de\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e66\u7c4d\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6cbf\u9014\u641c\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u3002\u8bfa\u4f0a\u66fc\uff08Carl Friedrich Neumann\uff09\u53d7\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u7684\u59d4\u6258\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u8bed\u548c\u4e2d\u6587\u4e66\u7c4d\u505a\u4e86\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002\u66f4\u786e\u5207\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u786e\u90fd\u662f\u5370\u5237\u4e66\u7c4d\uff08B\u00fccher\uff09\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u8bed\u5219\u662f\u5199\u672c\uff08Handschriften\uff09\u3002\u4e2d\u6587\u4e66\u7c4d\u4e00\u5171\u4e94\u79cd\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5c31\u662f\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u5e26\u56de\u6765\u7684\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u5fd7\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u3002\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\u300a\u5929\u795e\u4f1a\u8bfe\u300b\u5219\u662f\u7b2c\u56db\u79cd\uff0c\u4e14\u201c\u6709\u56db\u672c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u201d\uff3b<em>Anzeigeblatt zu den Jahrb\u00fcchern f\u00fcr wissenschaftliche Kritik<\/em>\u00a0(Februar 1830)\uff3d\u3002\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\u7248\u300a\u5929\u795e\u4f1a\u8bfe\u300b\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u4e00\u5171\u520a\u5370\u56db\u767e\u518c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e3a\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u6240\u7981\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u4e66\u518c\u88ab\u5e26\u56de\u4fc4\u56fd\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u5c06\u8fd1\u4e00\u767e\u4e09\u5341\u518c\u89c1\u85cf\u4e8e\u4fc4\u56fd\u5404\u5904\uff08\u8096\u7389\u79cb\uff1a\u300a\u4fc4\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u56e2\u4e0e\u6e05\u4ee3\u4e2d\u4fc4\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u300b\uff0c\u5929\u6d25\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u4e8c\u3007\u3007\u4e5d\u5e74\u7248\uff09\u3002\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u5c45\u7136\u4e00\u6b21\u5c31\u5e26\u8d70\u56db\u518c\uff0c\u6700\u5177\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6050\u6015\u662f\u4ed6\u4e0e\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\u5728\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u6709\u8fc7\u4ea4\u5f80\u5e76\u83b7\u8d60\u3002\u5018\u5176\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5219\u7684\u786e\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u60f3\u4ed6\u8bf7\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\u6479\u5199\u6e05\u798f\u7684\u6c49\u6ee1\u53cc\u8bed\u3002\u5927\u6e05\u4f8d\u536b\u8d60\u4e66\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4e5f\u89c1\u8bf8\u5a92\u4f53\u62a5\u9053\u3002\u201c\u516b\u6708\u5341\u4e03\u65e5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5df4\u56fe\u2026\u2026\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u4e24\u5cb8\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u54e8\u6240\uff0c\u5728\u658b\u6851\u6cca\u7684\u5317\u8fb9\uff0c\u5175\u4e01\u662f\u8499\u53e4\u5175\uff0c\u8863\u886b\u8934\u891b\uff0c\u90fd\u50cf\u53eb\u82b1\u5b50\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u8eab\u4e1d\u7ef8\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u6784\u6210\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u53cd\u5dee\u3002\u90a3\u4f4d\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u662f\u4ece\u5317\u4eac\u6d3e\u6765\u7684\u3002\u542c\u8bf4\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u7684\u54e5\u54e5\uff08\u603b\u7406\u5927\u81e3\uff09\u5199\u8fc7\u5173\u4e8e\u6c49\u8bed\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4fbf\u628a\u4e00\u672c\u539a\u539a\u4e94\u90e8\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u4e66\u7c4d\u9001\u7ed9\u65c5\u884c\u8005\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u7684\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u8f6c\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u54e5\u54e5\u3002\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u76f8\u5f53\u8352\u51c9\u3002\u9a86\u9a7c\uff08\u5df4\u514b\u7279\u91cc\u4e9a\u9a86\u9a7c\uff09\u90fd\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u9a7c\u5cf0\uff0c\u5728\u5c71\u8c37\u91cc\u5403\u8349\uff1b\u5de6\u8fb9\u662f\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\uff0c\u6cb3\u5cb8\u7684\u5c71\u5761\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u95f4\u5c0f\u5e99\u3002\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u5929\u6c14\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u5229\u4e8e\u5929\u8c61\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002\u968f\u4fbf\u8d70\u5230\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u5468\u8fb9\u67d0\u4e2a\u504f\u50fb\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u603b\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5883\u5185\uff08\u6309\u7167\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5219\u662f\u5929\u671d\u4e2d\u56fd\uff09\u627e\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8fdb\u884c\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u5361\u5c14\u6885\u514b\u4eba\u505a\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u94a6\u5409\u65af\u6cf0\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u6e05\u56fe\u7684\u5706\u9876\u5e10\u7bf7\u91cc\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u540c\u6211\u4eec\u4ea4\u6d41\uff1b\u8981\u662f\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e0d\u5728\u5e10\u7bf7\u91cc\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5f97\u5148\u4ece\u6c49\u8bed\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u8499\u8bed\uff0c\u518d\u4ece\u8499\u8bed\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u5409\u5c14\u5409\u65af\u8bed\uff0c\u53c8\u7531\u67d0\u4f4d\u54e5\u8428\u514b\u4ece\u5409\u5c14\u5409\u65af\u8bed\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4fc4\u8bed\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u539f\u6765\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u6734\u7d20\u4f1a\u635f\u5931\u591a\u5c11\uff01\u4ece\u514b\u62c9\u65af\u8bfa\u96c5\u5c14\u54e8\u6240\u52a8\u8eab\u5f80\u56de\u8d70\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u4e4c\u65af\u5b63\u5361\u7f05\u8bfa\u6208\u5c14\u65af\u514b\uff0c\u8d70\u7684\u662f\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\u7684\u6c34\u8def\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u5f88\u5feb\u3002\u6cbf\u9014\u771f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d6a\u6f2b\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff01\u201d[<em>Oestreichischer Beobachter<\/em>, 1829 Nr. 298\uff08Sonntag, 25. October 1829\uff09, 1320]<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\u6309\u7167\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u6e05\u798f\u8d60\u4e66\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u94a6\u6155\u5927\u6d2a\u5821\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bed\u8a00\u6240\u62b1\u6709\u7684\u5174\u81f4\uff0c\u60f3\u8bf7\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u628a\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u5fd7\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u5e26\u7ed9\u5927\u6d2a\u5821\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u7684\u786e\u5bf9\u6e05\u798f\u8bf4\u8fc7\u5927\u6d2a\u5821\u5199\u8fc7\u5173\u4e8e\u6c49\u8bed\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6307\u5927\u6d2a\u5821\uff08Wilhelm von Humboldt\uff0c1767-1835\uff09\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u8bba\u6c49\u8bed\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u300b\uff08<em>\u00fcber den grammatischen Bau der Chinesischen Sprache<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u5927\u6d2a\u5821\u5728\u67cf\u6797\u7684\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u7687\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u4e00\u516b\u4e8c\u516d\u5e74\u4e09\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u65e5\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u805a\u4f1a\u4e0a\u66fe\u5ba3\u8bfb\u8fc7\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u662f\u7528\u6cd5\u8bed\u5199\u7ed9\u6cd5\u56fd\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u96f7\u6155\u6c99\uff08Jean-Pierre Abel-R\u00e9musat\uff0c1788-1832\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\uff0c\u6539\u6362\u6210\u4e86\u5fb7\u8bed\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u5728\u5927\u6d2a\u5821\u751f\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u5f0f\u520a\u53d1\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u7684\u786e\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u3002\u6982\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u62a5\u9053\u5199\u5f97\u5982\u6b64\u8be6\u7ec6\uff0c\u60f3\u5fc5\u662f\u4ece\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u53c8\u6216\u8005\u4ed6\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u540c\u4f34\u4eec\u90a3\u91cc\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8f83\u4e3a\u7fd4\u5b9e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u7279\u522b\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u7406\u7531\u5047\u5b9a\u4e3a\u662f\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u3002\u5982\u6e05\u798f\u8d60\u9001\u7684\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u5fd7\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u539a\u539a\u4e94\u90e8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u770b\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u672c\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u5fd7\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u5219\u53ea\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u91cc\u7684\u4e24\u51fd\u518c\u3002\u53c8\u5982\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u864e\u5361\u4f26\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u516b\u4e8c\u4e5d\u5e74\u516b\u6708\u5341\u4e03\u65e5\uff0c\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u5728\u5907\u5fd8\u91cc\u6240\u5199\u7684\u516b\u6708\u4e94\u65e5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4fc4\u5386\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\"><img src=\"https:\/\/i04piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/606a448d5328d926\" \/><\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\u67cf\u6797\u6d2a\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u5185\u7684\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u51af\u00b7\u6d2a\u5821\uff08\u5927\u6d2a\u5821\uff09\u96d5\u5851<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\u4f46\u4e5f\u8981\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u62a5\u9053\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u3002\u6d89\u53ca\u8fdc\u65b9\u5f02\u57df\u7684\u4eba\u4e0e\u4e8b\uff0c\u96be\u514d\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u6f0f\u3002\u5982\u6e05\u798f\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u9519\u5199\u6210\u6e05\u56fe\uff08Tschintu\uff09\u3002\u53c8\u5982\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u5fd7\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u7684\u4e66\u540d\u662f\u201c\u4e09\u56fd\u5fd7\u201d\uff0c\u4fbf\u88ab\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u6210\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u4e66\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5b83\u5173\u4e8e\u5927\u6e05\u4f8d\u536b\u8d60\u4e66\u4e00\u4e8b\u6240\u505a\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\uff0c\u7eb5\u7136\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u975e\u6ca1\u6709\u9519\u6f0f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8981\u8ffd\u7a76\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u6e05\u798f\u8d60\u4e66\u7684\u52a8\u56e0\u3002\u7ecf\u8ffd\u7a76\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u6e05\u798f\u8d60\u4e66\u5b9e\u4e0e\u5927\u6d2a\u5821\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u66f4\u9051\u8bba\u94a6\u6155\u5927\u6d2a\u5821\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u60c5\u6000\u3002\u81f3\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u4e5f\u786e\u5b9e\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u8bc1\u8bcd\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u7f57\u65af\u6559\u6388\uff08Gustav Rose\uff0c1798-1873\uff09\u3002\u4e0e\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u4e00\u540c\u4ece\u5fb7\u56fd\u51fa\u53d1\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u672f\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e24\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\u540c\u4f34\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u662f\u67cf\u6797\u5927\u5b66\u201c\u533b\u5b66\u53f2\u201d\u7f16\u5916\u6559\u6388\u57c3\u4f26\u4f2f\u683c\uff08Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg\uff0c1795-1876\uff09\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u5219\u662f\u67cf\u6797\u5927\u5b66\u77ff\u7269\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u7f57\u65af\u3002\u65c5\u884c\u5f52\u6765\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u7f57\u65af\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u539a\u539a\u4e24\u5377\u672c\u300a\u4e4c\u62c9\u5c14\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u6cf0\u6e38\u8bb0\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\u51fa\u7248\u4e8e\u4e00\u516b\u4e09\u4e03\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377\u51fa\u7248\u4e8e\u4e00\u516b\u56db\u4e8c\u5e74\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5728\u51c6\u5676\u5c14\u8fb9\u5883\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\u91cc\u505a\u4e86\u6781\u5176\u7fd4\u5b9e\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3002\u6309\u7167\u7f57\u65af\u6559\u6388\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4e00\u516b\u4e8c\u4e5d\u5e74\u516b\u6708\u5341\u516d\u65e5\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u5230\u6d4e\u826f\u8bfa\u592b\u65af\u514b\uff0c\u201c\u6d4e\u826f\u8bfa\u592b\u65af\u514b\u7684\u77ff\u4e95\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u8499\u53e4\u5730\u533a\u8fb9\u5883\u5f88\u8fd1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u79bb\u5f00\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u800c\u4e0d\u53bb\u770b\u4e00\u770b\u8ddd\u79bb\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u54e8\u6240\u5df4\u56fe\u6216\u8005\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\u8fb9\u201d\u3002\u201c\u591c\u91cc\u4e00\u70b9\u949f\uff08\u6309\uff1a\u516b\u6708\u5341\u4e03\u65e5\u51cc\u6668\u4e00\u70b9\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5230\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\u8fb9\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u54e5\u8428\u514b\u7684\u6751\u5b50\u514b\u62c9\u65af\u8bfa\u96c5\u5c14\u65af\u514b\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u8fc7\u591c\u3002\u201d\u516b\u6708\u5341\u4e03\u65e5\u201c\u65e9\u6668\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u65e9\u52a8\u8eab\uff0c\u6cbf\u7740\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u53f3\u5cb8\u5f80\u524d\u3002\u514b\u62c9\u8bfa\u96c5\u5c14\u65af\u514b\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u54e8\u6240\u6709\u516d\u5341\u4fc4\u91cc\u8fdc\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e00\u5929\u4e4b\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u524d\u628a\u9a6c\u5339\u653e\u51fa\u53bb\u66f4\u6362\u201d\u3002\u201c\u4e2d\u5348\u4e00\u70b9\u949f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u54e8\u6240\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u54e8\u6240\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\u53f3\u5cb8\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\u5de6\u5cb8\u3002\u201d \uff08Gustav Rose:\u00a0<em>Reise nach dem ural, dem Altai und dem Kaspischen Meere<\/em>, Sander 1837\uff09\u7f57\u65af\u6559\u6388\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5199\u5230\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u5148\u62b5\u8fbe\u7684\u662f\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\u53f3\u5cb8\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u54e8\u6240\uff0c\u540c\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u4f8d\u536b\u4f1a\u9762\u3002\u7136\u540e\u8fc7\u6cb3\u6765\u5230\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\u5de6\u5cb8\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u54e8\u6240\uff0c\u5728\u540c\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u4f8d\u536b\u4f1a\u9762\u540e\u53c8\u91cd\u65b0\u56de\u5230\u53f3\u5cb8\u3002\u5176\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u53f3\u5cb8\u4e43\u662f\u4e0a\u5317\u4e0b\u5357\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u7684\u53f3\u5cb8\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u989d\u5c14\u9f50\u65af\u6cb3\u4e1c\u5cb8\u3002\u5de6\u5cb8\uff08\u897f\u5cb8\uff09\u662f\u8f89\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\uff0c\u53f3\u5cb8\uff08\u4e1c\u5cb8\uff09\u662f\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\uff0c\u4f8d\u536b\u6e05\u798f\u5c31\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5230\u53f3\u5cb8\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0e\u6e05\u798f\u4f1a\u4e86\u9762\u3002\u81ea\u5de6\u5cb8\u56de\u5230\u53f3\u5cb8\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4e0e\u6e05\u798f\u518d\u6b21\u4f1a\u9762\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u6e05\u798f\u8d60\u4e66\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\"><img src=\"https:\/\/img0.baidu.com\/it\/u=3415628032,3543074899&amp;fm=253&amp;fmt=auto&amp;app=138&amp;f=JPEG?w=353&amp;h=500\" \/>\u53e4\u65af\u5854\u6c83\u00b7\u7f57\u65af\uff1a\u300a\u4e4c\u62c9\u5c14\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u6cf0\u6e38\u8bb0\u300b\uff08Book on Demand Ltd\uff0c2014\uff09\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u89c1\u5230\u6e05\u798f\uff0c\u4ed6\u7559\u7ed9\u7f57\u65af\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u662f\u2014\u2014\u201c\u9ad8\u4e2a\u5b50\uff0c\u7626\uff0c\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u8fd8\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e74\u8f7b\uff0c\u7a7f\u7740\u4e00\u4ef6\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u4e1d\u7ef8\u957f\u888d\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5782\u5230\u811a\u8e1d\uff0c\u6234\u7740\u4e00\u53ea\u5c16\u9876\u3001\u5e3d\u8fb9\u7ffb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u5e3d\u5b50\uff0c\u5e95\u4e0b\u6c34\u5e73\u5730\u538b\u7740\u5f88\u591a\u663e\u793a\u5176\u5b98\u7ea7\u7684\u5b54\u96c0\u7fce\u6bdb\u201d\u3002\u6e05\u798f\u4ee5\u8fb9\u5883\u957f\u5b98\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u9080\u8bf7\u4ed6\u4eec\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u5e10\u7bf7\u91cc\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8336\u6c34\u62db\u5f85\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u5927\u6e05\u4f8d\u536b\u4e0e\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u60c5\u666f\u5341\u5206\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u521a\u624d\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5a92\u4f53\u62a5\u9053\u6709\u8fc7\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u7f57\u65af\u6559\u6388\u7684\u8bb0\u8ff0\u4e0e\u4e4b\u7565\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u76f8\u4f3c\u2014\u2014\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5e03\u8d6b\u5854\u5c14\u660e\u65af\u514b\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u53ef\u8fd9\u4f4d\u7ffb\u8bd1\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u8499\u8bed\uff0c\u5e78\u597d\u8fd9\u4f4d\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u80fd\u542c\u61c2\u8499\u8bed\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6d2a\u5821\u5148\u751f\u7684\u95ee\u8bdd\u5148\u7531\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4fc4\u56fd\u5411\u5bfc\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4fc4\u8bed\uff0c\u8bf4\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u542c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u8499\u8bed\uff0c\u8bf4\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4f4d\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u542c\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u4e5f\u662f\u4ee5\u540c\u6837\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u88ab\u4f20\u9012\u56de\u6765\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u4ed6\u4eec\u53bb\u4e86\u5de6\u5cb8\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u56de\u5230\u53f3\u5cb8\uff0c\u5f85\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5e10\u7bf7\u91cc\u3002\u6e05\u798f\u5949\u884c\u793c\u5c1a\u5f80\u6765\uff0c\u5e26\u968f\u4ece\u6765\u62dc\u8bbf\u3002\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u201c\u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u84dd\u6bdb\u5dfe\u9012\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4f4d\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f8d\u536b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f8d\u536b\u8fdf\u7591\u4e86\u597d\u4e00\u4f1a\u513f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u60f3\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u7591\u8651\uff0c\u8bf4\u4e0d\u6562\u63a5\u53d7\u5982\u6b64\u8d35\u91cd\u7684\u793c\u7269\u3002\u6d2a\u5821\u5148\u751f\u6253\u7684\u624b\u52bf\u4ed6\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u628a\u6bdb\u5dfe\u9012\u4e86\u56de\u53bb\u3002\u6d2a\u5821\u5148\u751f\u53c8\u901a\u8fc7\u7ffb\u8bd1\u628a\u6bdb\u5dfe\u9012\u7ed9\u4ed6\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u624b\u52bf\u8868\u793a\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u662f\u628a\u6bdb\u5dfe\u9012\u4e86\u56de\u53bb\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u9012\u6765\u9012\u53bb\u8bb8\u591a\u6b21\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4f8d\u536b\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6536\u4e0b\u3002\u4ed6\u968f\u5373\u544a\u8bc9\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8bf4\uff0c\u8981\u56de\u8d60\u4e00\u4ef6\u793c\u7269\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u7ffb\u8bd1\u544a\u8bc9\u8bf4\u6d2a\u5821\u5148\u751f\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f8d\u536b\u5e10\u7bf7\u91cc\u89c1\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e66\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f8d\u536b\u7acb\u5373\u6d3e\u4eba\u628a\u4e66\u53d6\u6765\u9012\u7ed9\u6d2a\u5821\u5148\u751f\u3002\u6d2a\u5821\u5148\u751f\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u559c\u6b22\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u4ed6\u800c\u8a00\u6781\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u793c\u7269\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u5ba2\u5957\u5730\uff0c\u9887\u8d39\u4e86\u4e00\u756a\u8fdf\u7591\u5730\uff0c\u624d\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u6536\u4e0b\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u7f57\u65af\u6559\u6388\u4e5f\u8bf4\u5230\u4e86\u6e05\u798f\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f8d\u536b\u611f\u5230\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u5174\uff0c\u5f53\u4ed6\u542c\u6d2a\u5821\u5148\u751f\u8bb2\u5230\u6d2a\u5821\u5148\u751f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u54e5\u54e5\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u6ce8\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6d2a\u5821\u5148\u751f\u6253\u7b97\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e66\u5e26\u7ed9\u54e5\u54e5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002\u6d2a\u5821\u5148\u751f\u8bf7\u4f8d\u536b\u628a\u540d\u5b57\u5199\u5230\u4e66\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u7528\u9012\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u652f\u94c5\u7b14\u5199\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u4ed6\u53eb\u6e05\u798f\u3002\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u89c1\u8fc7\u94c5\u7b14\uff0c\u5f88\u7a00\u7f55\u5730\u7aef\u8be6\u7740\u3002\u5f97\u77e5\u94c5\u7b14\u4e5f\u8981\u9001\u7ed9\u4ed6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f88\u9ad8\u5174\u5730\u6536\u4e0b\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u4e0b\u5348\u56db\u70b9\u949f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c0f\u6d2a\u5821\u4ed6\u4eec\u79bb\u5f00\u548c\u5c3c\u8fc8\u62c9\u864e\u3002\u56de\u5230\u514b\u62c9\u65af\u8bfa\u96c5\u5c14\u65af\u514b\uff0c\u5df2\u662f\u591c\u91cc\u5341\u4e8c\u70b9\u949f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5927\u6982\u4e5f\u662f\u9a6c\u5339\u884c\u8d70\u768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