{"id":41570,"date":"2024-09-26T11:50:45","date_gmt":"2024-09-26T03:50:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=41570"},"modified":"2024-09-26T12:06:57","modified_gmt":"2024-09-26T04:06:57","slug":"%e6%b4%97%e6%b5%b4%e4%b9%8b%e6%ae%87%ef%bc%9a%e7%98%9f%e7%96%ab%e4%b8%8e%e8%b7%af%e6%98%93%e5%8d%81%e5%9b%9b%e6%97%b6%e4%bb%a3%e7%9a%84%e5%8d%ab%e7%94%9f%e8%a7%82%e5%bf%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=41570","title":{"rendered":"\u6d17\u6d74\u4e4b\u6b87\uff1a\u761f\u75ab\u4e0e\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u536b\u751f\u89c2\u5ff5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587: \u718a\u82b3\u82b3\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6765\u6e90: \u8bfb\u4e66<\/p>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e03\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u4f7f\u5f97\u8bf8\u5982\u5403\u996d\u3001\u7a7f\u8863\u3001\u6d17\u6d74\u3001\u5982\u5395\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6210\u4e3a\u804c\u4e1a\u53f2\u5bb6\u548c\u5927\u4f17\u5171\u540c\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u6b27\u6d32\u6700\u663e\u8d6b\u7684\u541b\u4e3b\uff0c\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u662f\u5426\u559c\u6b22\u6d17\u6fa1\uff0c\u4e00\u751f\u5230\u5e95\u6d17\u8fc7\u51e0\u6b21\u6fa1\uff1f\u5c31\u66fe\u8ba9\u804c\u4e1a\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u7231\u597d\u8005\u53cd\u590d\u7ea0\u7f20\u3001\u4e89\u8bba\u4e0d\u4f11\u3002\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u53f2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7410\u788e\u9690\u5fae\uff0c\u63a2\u7167\u5230\u65e5\u590d\u4e00\u65e5\u3001\u8863\u98df\u4f4f\u884c\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec6\u679d\u672b\u8282\uff0c\u770b\u4f3c\u6ce2\u6f9c\u4e0d\u60ca\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6837\u6620\u5c04\u7740\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u7279\u6027\u548c\u6587\u5316\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u00a0<\/section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/i03piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/4417b21acba55a88\" \/><\/section>\n<section>\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\uff08Louis XIV\uff0c\u6765\u6e90\uff1abiography.com\uff09<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u4ece\u65f6\u4eba\u8bb0\u8ff0\u548c\u5df2\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5341\u516d\u3001\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u6cd5\u56fd\u76db\u884c\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u89c2\u5ff5\u5bf9\u6d17\u6d74\u786e\u5b9e\u62b1\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u654c\u610f\uff0c\u51e1\u5c14\u8d5b\u5bab\u91cc\u4e13\u4e3a\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u4fee\u5efa\u7684\u6d74\u7f38\u4f7f\u7528\u6b21\u6570\u4e5f\u7684\u786e\u6709\u9650\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5c06\u5341\u516d\u3001\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u8bb2\u536b\u751f\u3001\u80ae\u810f\u4e0d\u582a\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff1f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u663e\u7136\u6709\u4e9b\u6b66\u65ad\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u536b\u751f\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e2d\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u6d01\u51c0\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u8868\u53ca\u91cc\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5916\u8868\u8981\u6574\u6d01\uff0c\u8eab\u4f53\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u826f\u597d\u7684\u536b\u751f\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6d01\u51c0\u89c2\u76f8\u53bb\u751a\u8fdc\u3002\u6070\u5982\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u739b\u4e3d\u00b7\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\uff08Marry Douglas\uff09\u5728\u300a\u6d01\u51c0\u4e0e\u5371\u9669\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u4e8e\u6c61\u57a2\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u6784\u6210\uff1a\u8bb2\u7a76\u536b\u751f\u548c\u5c0a\u91cd\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8bb2\u536b\u751f\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u201d<\/section>\n<section>\u00a0<\/section>\n<section>\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7cbe\u795e\u8fd8\u662f\u7269\u8d28\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u6d01\u51c0\u548c\u536b\u751f\u90fd\u5173\u4e4e\u8eab\u4f53\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u5728\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u53f2\u5b66\u7684\u9610\u91ca\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\uff0c\u8eab\u4f53\u5e38\u5e38\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u6743\u529b\u6346\u7ed1\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u798f\u67ef\u7684\u201c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u201d\u7406\u8bba\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u536b\u751f\u3001\u5bff\u547d\u3001\u51fa\u751f\u7387\u7b49\u4eba\u53e3\u56e0\u7d20\u6240\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u6280\u827a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u63ed\u793a\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6cbb\u7406\u672f\u7684\u5408\u7406\u5316\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u8eab\u4f53\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u3002\u4ee5\u8eab\u4f53\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u95fb\u540d\u7684\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u7ef4\u4f3d\u96f7\u7f57\uff08Georges Vigarello\uff09\u5219\u8bd5\u56fe\u63ed\u793a\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u793e\u4f1a\u53f2\u3002\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u6d01\u51c0\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u5916\u5728\u7684\u7a7f\u6234\uff0c\u5373\u5916\u5728\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u6027\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u7531\u793e\u4f1a\u9886\u57df\u6765\u754c\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u201c\u6240\u6709\u5916\u5728\u8868\u5f81\u65bd\u4e8e\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u52fe\u753b\u7740\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u548c\u8f6e\u5ed3\uff0c\u4e5f\u63ed\u793a\u7740\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5728\u673a\u5236\u201d\u3002<\/section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/i01piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/e5479e7fc891e85d\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u739b\u4e3d\u00b7\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\uff08Marry Douglas\uff09\u5728\u300a\u6d01\u51c0\u4e0e\u5371\u9669\u300b\uff08<em>Purity and Danger<\/em>\uff09\uff08\u6765\u6e90\uff1agiuntialpunto.it\uff09<\/section>\n<section>\u00a0<\/section>\n<section data-tools=\"135\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\" data-id=\"90383\">\n<section data-width=\"100%\">\n<section class=\"\" data-lazy-bgimg=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/G5sxAiadpFOdwMt8lqXmfv0TKujicLDibbJ2T2dg4l08VsaJpq68M3Z26Fic4Rg0DBcJZFVUFOaxY23I8Edyk3Z1ng\/640?wx_fmt=png\" data-fail=\"0\">\n<section><strong>01<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u63d0\u5230\u6d01\u51c0\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u60f3\u5230\u63d0\u4f9b\u6d01\u51c0\u7684\u6c34\u548c\u6d17\u6d74\u3002\u5728\u5e0c\u814a\u548c\u7f57\u9a6c\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u6d17\u6d74\u662f\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5bf9\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6d17\u6d74\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u5a31\u4e50\u548c\u6d88\u9063\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u6d74\u573a\u66f4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u573a\u6240\u3002\u9a7b\u8db3\u4ef0\u671b\u7f57\u9a6c\u57ce\u90ca\u5916\u5361\u62c9\u5361\u62c9\u6d74\u573a\u7684\u65ad\u58c1\u6b8b\u57a3\uff0c\u4fbf\u8db3\u4ee5\u8ba9\u65c5\u8005\u60ca\u53f9\u4e8e\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u5bf9\u6d17\u6d74\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u548c\u6267\u7740\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u6d17\u6d74\u4e5f\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u4eea\u5f0f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e0e\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u6216\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5bf9\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u6d01\u51c0\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7279\u522b\u5173\u5fc3\u3002\u300a\u9a6c\u53ef\u798f\u97f3\u300b\uff087:1\u20147:7\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bb0\u8f7d\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f8b\u8bc1\uff1a<\/section>\n<blockquote class=\"js_blockquote_wrap\" data-type=\"2\" data-url=\"\" data-author-name=\"\" data-content-utf8-length=\"243\" data-source-title=\"\">\n<section class=\"js_blockquote_digest\">\n<section>\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u548c\u51e0\u4e2a\u5f8b\u6cd5\u5e08\u4ece\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u6765\uff0c\u5230\u8036\u7a23\u90a3\u91cc\u805a\u96c6\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u89c1\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u95e8\u5f92\u4e2d\u6709\u4eba\u996d\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u6d17\u624b\u3002\uff08\u539f\u6765\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u90fd\u62d8\u5b88\u53e4\u4eba\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u5148\u884c\u6d17\u624b\u793c\u5c31\u4e0d\u8fdb\u98df\uff1b\u4ece\u5e02\u4e0a\u6765\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u5148\u6e05\u6d01\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8fdb\u98df\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u62d8\u5b88\u597d\u4e9b\u522b\u7684\u89c4\u77e9\uff1a\u5c31\u662f\u6d17\u676f\u3001\u6c34\u58f6\u3001\u70e7\u6c34\u9505\u3001\u9910\u684c\u7b49\u7269\u3002\uff09\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u548c\u5f8b\u6cd5\u5e08\u95ee\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u7684\u95e8\u5f92\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u7167\u53e4\u4eba\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u5374\u7528\u672a\u6e05\u6d01\u8fc7\u7684\u624b\u5403\u996d\u5462\uff1f\u201d\u8036\u7a23\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4ee5\u8d5b\u4e9a\u6307\u7740\u4f60\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f2a\u541b\u5b50\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u9884\u8a00\u662f\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u7ecf\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff1a\u2018\u8fd9\u767e\u59d3\u7528\u5634\u5507\u5c0a\u656c\u6211\uff0c\u5fc3\u5374\u8fdc\u79bb\u6211\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u4eba\u7684\u5429\u5490\u5f53\u4f5c\u9053\u7406\u6559\u5bfc\u4eba\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u62dc\u6211\u4e5f\u662f\u6789\u7136\u3002\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/i01piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/7d86e61c2874ca5e\" \/><\/section>\n<section>\u5723\u00b7\u9a6c\u53ef\uff08St-Mark\uff0c\u6765\u6e90\uff1abellatorchristi.com\uff09<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<p>\u5728\u8036\u7a23\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u95e8\u5f92\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u6709\u7f6a\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8089\u4f53\u7684\u6d17\u6d74\u5f97\u5230\u51c0\u5316\uff0c\u5fcf\u6094\u624d\u662f\u8d4e\u7f6a\u4e4b\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<section>\u00a0\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u65e9\u5c31\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5723\u6d01\u548c\u6c61\u79fd\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\u4e0e\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u6d01\u51c0\u548c\u80ae\u810f\u5e76\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7136\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u6d01\u51c0\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u4e16\u4fd7\u89c2\u5ff5\u770b\u6765\u6c61\u79fd\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e2d\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u5949\u4e3a\u5723\u6d01\uff0c\u4eea\u5f0f\u6027\u7684\u51c0\u5316\u4e0e\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u6d01\u51c0\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0e\u8eab\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6781\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5bf9\u7075\u9b42\u7684\u5f3a\u8c03\u3001\u5bf9\u8089\u4f53\u7684\u6f20\u89c6\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u5bf9\u8eab\u4f53\u6d01\u51c0\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d77\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5bf9\u6d17\u6d74\u7684\u660e\u786e\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002\u6d17\u6d74\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4eab\u4e50\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f1a\u6fc0\u8d77\u4eba\u7684\u6b32\u671b\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u7075\u9b42\u6709\u5bb3\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u56db\u5230\u4e94\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u80ae\u810f\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u795e\u5723\u6027\u3002\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5723\u5f92\u4fdd\u62c9\uff08Saint 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src=\"https:\/\/i03piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/7d2d62078391cc0a\" \/><\/section>\n<section>\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u7eaa\u610f\u5927\u5229\u533b\u751f\u9521\u8036\u7eb3\u7684\u963f\u5c14\u4ee3\u5e03\u6717\u4e01\uff08Ald\u00e9brandinde Sienne\uff0c\u6765\u6e90\uff1awikipedia.org\uff09<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u771f\u6b63\u8ba9\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u518d\u5ea6\u56de\u5f52\u6d74\u5ba4\uff0c\u4eab\u53d7\u6d17\u6d74\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4e50\u8da3\u662f\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u519b\u4e1c\u5f81\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u54c8\u9a6c\u59c6\u201d\uff08hamm\u0101m\uff09\u7684\u571f\u8033\u5176\u6d74\u5ba4\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\u6b27\u6d32\u3002\u54c8\u9a6c\u59c6\u5b9e\u5219\u53d7\u5230\u5ef6\u7eed\u81ea\u7f57\u9a6c\u7684\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u65e9\u671f\u6d17\u6d74\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u7f57\u9a6c\u65f6\u4ee3\u88ab\u5e9f\u5f03\u7684\u6d74\u5ba4\u6216\u6e29\u6cc9\u6d74\u573a\u5f97\u5230\u91cd\u65b0\u4fee\u7f2e\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6539\u6210\u5e26\u84b8\u6c7d\u6d74\u5ba4\u7684\u54c8\u9a6c\u59c6\u3002\u5230\u5341\u4e09\u3001\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e3b\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u90fd\u5efa\u6709\u516c\u5171\u6d74\u5ba4\u3002\u4e00\u4e8c\u4e5d\u4e8c\u5e74\u5df4\u9ece\u57ce\u7684\u7a0e\u518c\u4e0a\u767b\u8bb0\u6709\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u4e2a\u5f00\u6fa1\u5802\u7684\u7eb3\u7a0e\u4eba\uff0c\u5e97\u4e3b\u4eec\u8fd8\u7ec4\u5efa\u8d77\u6fa1\u5802\u540c\u4e1a\u516c\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0e\u5df4\u9ece\u5e02\u653f\u5b98\u5458\u4e00\u540c\u76d1\u7ba1\u516c\u5171\u6fa1\u5802\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u3001\u5b9a\u4ef7\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56fe\u5362\u5179\u7684\u516c\u5171\u6d74\u5ba4\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u52a0\u9f99\u6cb3\u8fb9\u7684\u56fe\u5c3c\u6865\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u7eaa\u65f6\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8fbe\u5c14\u5df4\u5fb7\u6fa1\u5802\u8def\u201d\u3002\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4f26\u6566\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u5341\u516b\u4e2a\u516c\u5171\u6fa1\u5802\u3002\u516c\u5171\u6d74\u5ba4\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u66f4\u662f\u7279\u522b\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u65e9\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u519b\u4e1c\u5f81\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u84b8\u6c7d\u6d74\u5ba4\u4fbf\u7ecf\u7531\u5317\u65b9\u4f20\u5165\u5230\u5fb7\u56fd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u79c1\u4eba\u6d74\u5ba4\u5728\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u8003\u53e4\u53d1\u73b0\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4e3b\u6559\u3001\u8d35\u65cf\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5bcc\u6709\u7684\u5546\u4eba\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5e9c\u90b8\u4e2d\u4fee\u5efa\u534e\u4e3d\u7684\u6d74\u5ba4\u3002\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u7eaa\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u533b\u751f\u9521\u8036\u7eb3\u7684\u963f\u5c14\u4ee3\u5e03\u6717\u4e01\uff08Ald\u00e9brandinde Sienne\uff09\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u8bba\u8457\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u6e29\u6c34\u6d17\u6d74\u8fd8\u662f\u51b7\u6c34\u6d17\u6d74\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u5065\u5eb7\u6709\u76ca\u7684\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u70ed\u6c34\u6d74\u201c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6392\u51fa\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u6f5c\u85cf\u5728\u4eba\u4f53\u5185\u7684\u6c61\u79fd\u201d\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u00a0<\/section>\n<section>\u00a002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ece\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7eaa\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u7684\u516c\u5171\u6fa1\u5802\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u5185\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u6d17\u6d74\u884c\u4e3a\u4e5f\u65e5\u76ca\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u5f17\u6717\u7d22\u74e6\u5728\u4e00\u4e94\u4e09\u516b\u5e74\u4e0b\u4ee4\u5173\u95ed\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u6fa1\u5802\uff1b\u4e00\u4e94\u516d\u516d\u5e74\u5965\u5c14\u826f\u4e09\u7ea7\u4f1a\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u5173\u95ed\u6cd5\u56fd\u6240\u6709\u7684\u58f0\u8272\u573a\u6240\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u6fa1\u5802\u3002\u7b2c\u620e\u3001\u535a\u97e6\u3001\u5b89\u8339\u548c\u6851\u65af\u7684\u6fa1\u5802\u5230\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0b\u534a\u53f6\u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\u3002\u5df4\u9ece\u5230\u4e00\u516d\u4e5d\u4e8c\u5e74\u8fd8\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u5be5\u5be5\u53ef\u6570\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u516c\u5171\u6fa1\u5802\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u75be\u75c5\u7597\u517b\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u00a0<\/section>\n<section>\u516c\u5171\u6fa1\u5802\u6d88\u5931\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u5728\u4e8e\u6fa1\u5802\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u548c\u4f26\u7406\u9053\u5fb7\u4e2d\u5145\u5f53\u7740\u7834\u574f\u8005\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u6fa1\u5802\u4e2d\u7537\u5973\u6df7\u6d74\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u6bd4\u8f83\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5356\u6deb\u548c\u5077\u60c5\uff0c\u6fa1\u5802\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u9053\u5fb7\u5b66\u5bb6\u89c6\u4e3a\u8150\u5316\u5815\u843d\u3001\u72af\u7f6a\u4e1b\u751f\u4e4b\u6240\u3002\u5728\u5341\u4e94\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5e03\u9053\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6fa1\u5802\u548c\u5993\u9662\u3001\u9152\u9986\u76f8\u5e76\u7acb\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u88ab\u6279\u5224\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u57ce\u5e02\u660e\u4ee4\u516c\u5171\u6fa1\u5802\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u7537\u5973\u6df7\u6d74\uff0c\u9519\u5f00\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6fa1\u5802\u662f\u4eba\u7fa4\u805a\u96c6\u7684\u516c\u5171\u573a\u6240\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u6216\u9a9a\u4e71\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6fa1\u5802\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u6270\u4e71\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u5b89\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u7b2c\u620e\u57ce\u7684\u5973\u8001\u677f\u585e\u59ae\u6602\uff08Jehannotte Saignant\uff09\u56e0\u7ecf\u8425\u7684\u6fa1\u5802\u6d89\u5acc\u6295\u6bd2\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5356\u6deb\u3001\u6270\u4e71\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u516c\u5171\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e8e\u4e00\u56db\u516d\u516d\u5e74\u88ab\u5224\u5904\u6eba\u5211\u3002\u5bf9\u9053\u5fb7\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u516c\u5171\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5bf9\u72af\u7f6a\u548c\u6027\u75c5\u7684\u6050\u60e7\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7eaa\u6885\u6bd2\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u6d74\u5ba4\u65e5\u76ca\u53d7\u5230\u738b\u5ba4\u548c\u5e02\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u751a\u81f3\u7981\u6b62\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u00a0<\/section>\n<section>\u516c\u5171\u6fa1\u5802\u6d88\u5931\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e0e\u761f\u75ab\u65f6\u671f\u5bf9\u201c\u63a5\u89e6\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f20\u64ad\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u7eaa\u9ed1\u6b7b\u75c5\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8086\u8650\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u761f\u75ab\u51e0\u4e4e\u4ece\u672a\u95f4\u65ad\u8fc7\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6cd5\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u79d1\u65af\u7279\uff08Jo\u00ebl\u00a0 Coste\uff09\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u665a\u671f\u76f4\u5230\u4e00\u4e94\u4e09\u516d\u5e74\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u95f4\u6b47\u6027\u7206\u53d1\u7684\u761f\u75ab\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u5341\u4e00\u5e74\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6301\u7eed\u4e00\u5230\u4e94\u5e74\uff1b\u4e00\u4e94\u4e09\u516d\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5df4\u9ece\u548c\u91cc\u6602\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4ece\u5341\u4e94\u5230\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u761f\u75ab\u51e0\u4e4e\u63a5\u8fde\u4e0d\u65ad\u3002\u4e00\u4e94\u516d\u4e8c\u5e74\u7684\u5df4\u9ece\u761f\u75ab\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4eba\u6570\u591a\u8fbe\u4e8c\u4e07\u4e94\u5343\u4eba\u3002\u91cc\u6602\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6cd5\u56fd\u5357\u5317\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u8981\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e94\u56db\u56db\u81f3\u4e00\u516d\u56db\u4e09\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u95f4\u81f3\u5c11\u7206\u53d1\u8fc7\u5341\u4e09\u6b21\u761f\u75ab\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e00\u516d\u4e09\u4e00\u5e74\u300a\u6cd5\u5170\u897f\u4fe1\u4f7f\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u4e00\u516d\u4e8c\u516b\u5e74\u91cc\u6602\u761f\u75ab\u4ec5\u516b\u6708\u5230\u5341\u4e8c\u6708\u95f4\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4eba\u6570\u4fbf\u9ad8\u8fbe\u516d\u4e07\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u761f\u75ab\u7206\u53d1\u65f6\uff0c\u63a5\u89e6\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u9996\u8981\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5207\u65ad\u761f\u75ab\u6269\u6563\u7684\u94fe\u6761\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u75ab\u533a\u7684\u4eba\u4e0e\u5916\u754c\u63a5\u89e6\u81ea\u7136\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u9632\u63a7\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u53d7\u761f\u75ab\u4e4b\u82e6\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u5185\u90e8\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9881\u5e03\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u536b\u751f\u9650\u4ee4\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\uff1b\u8fd8\u4f1a\u51fa\u53f0\u6709\u5173\u4e2a\u4eba\u536b\u751f\u7684\u201c\u5efa\u8bae\u201d\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u53d6\u6d88\u6240\u6709\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u8eab\u4f53\u66b4\u9732\u4e8e\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u51fa\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u987e\u8651\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u6559\u5802\u3001\u6fa1\u5802\u548c\u6d74\u5ba4\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u65e9\u5728\u4e00\u4e09\u56db\u516b\u5e74\u9ed1\u6b7b\u75c5\u4f20\u5230\u6cd5\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u738b\u8153\u529b\u516d\u4e16\u4fbf\u8d23\u4ee4\u5df4\u9ece\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u8c03\u67e5\u761f\u75ab\u6563\u64ad\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3002\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u7b56\u8bba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53d7\u661f\u8c61\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u5730\u8868\u548c\u6c34\u4e2d\u5e26\u6709\u81ed\u5473\u7684\u6709\u6bd2\u84b8\u6c7d\u4f1a\u6c61\u67d3\u7a7a\u6c14\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u547c\u5438\u8fdb\u5165\u4eba\u4f53\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u751f\u75c5\uff1b\u5176\u4e2d\u4e5f\u63d0\u5230\u70ed\u6c34\u6d74\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4eba\u8eab\u4f53\u677e\u5f1b\uff0c\u6709\u6bd2\u6c14\u4f53\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5185\u4fb5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u770b\u6cd5\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u6b27\u6d32\u90fd\u6709\u7740\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u00a0<\/section>\n<section>\u5bf9\u761f\u75ab\u548c\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd8\u6d89\u53ca\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u5e38\u8bc6\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u533b\u5b66\u8bde\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e0c\u6ce2\u514b\u62c9\u5e95\u548c\u76d6\u4f26\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u533b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u88ab\u5949\u4e3a\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u662f\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5fc5\u4fee\u8bfe\u3002\u6839\u636e\u76d6\u4f26\u63d0\u5021\u7684\u201c\u4f53\u6db2\u8bf4\u201d\uff0c\u4eba\u4f53\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u56db\u79cd\u4f53\u6db2\uff1a\u8840\u6db2\u3001\u9ecf\u6db2\u3001\u9ec4\u80c6\u6c41\u548c\u9ed1\u80c6\u6c41\u3002\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0e\u5426\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8fd9\u56db\u79cd\u4f53\u6db2\u662f\u5426\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u5728\u76d6\u4f26\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u761f\u75ab\u6e90\u81ea\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14\u548c\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u540c\u65f6\u5931\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7a7a\u6c14\u88ab\u6076\u81ed\u6240\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0d\u77e5\u8282\u5236\u81f4\u4f7f\u4f53\u6db2\u5931\u8861\u7684\u4eba\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u6709\u5bb3\u7a7a\u6c14\u7684\u611f\u67d3\u800c\u751f\u75c5\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6d17\u6d74\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u4f53\u6db2\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u751f\u75c5\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u00a0<\/section>\n<section>\u81ea\u5341\u4e94\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d77\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u761f\u75ab\u7206\u53d1\u65f6\uff0c\u533b\u751f\u4eec\u4fbf\u4f1a\u8c34\u8d23\u6fa1\u5802\u548c\u6d74\u5ba4\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u5219\u5f3a\u4ee4\u5176\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ece\u9694\u79bb\u548c\u963b\u65ad\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u53ef\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u89e6\u53ca\u5e76\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u4eba\u4eec\u6709\u5173\u8eab\u4f53\u8fd0\u884c\u673a\u80fd\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u3002\u5341\u516d\u3001\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u6d17\u6d74\u65e5\u6e10\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u8eab\u4f53\u865a\u5f31\u3001\u75be\u75c5\u5185\u4fb5\u7684\u4e0d\u826f\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8457\u540d\u7684\u738b\u5bb6\u5916\u79d1\u533b\u5e08\u6602\u5e03\u74e6\u5179\u00b7\u5e15\u96f7\uff08Ambroise Par\u00e9\uff09\u4fbf\u8b66\u544a\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5e94\u8be5\u907f\u514d\u53bb\u6fa1\u5802\u6216\u6d74\u5ba4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u4ece\u91cc\u9762\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u808c\u8089\u548c\u8eab\u4f53\u662f\u677e\u8f6f\u7684\uff0c\u6bdb\u5b54\u662f\u5f20\u5f00\u7684\uff0c\u53d7\u9f20\u75ab\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u84b8\u6c7d\u4f1a\u8fc5\u901f\u4fb5\u5165\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f1a\u4f7f\u4eba\u66b4\u6bd9\u3002\u201d\u5404\u5730\u6b64\u8d77\u5f7c\u4f0f\u7684\u761f\u75ab\u548c\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u7981\u5fcc\u5f97\u4ee5\u63a8\u5e7f\u3002\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e00\u672c\u300a\u761f\u75ab\u9884\u9632\u4e0e\u6cbb\u7597\u7b80\u8bba\u300b\uff08<em>Bref discours de la pr\u00e9servation et cure de la peste<\/em>\uff09\u7684\u4e66\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u8ba9\u8eab\u4f53\u53d1\u70ed\uff0c\u201c\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u655e\u5f00\u95e8\u8ba9\u6709\u6bd2\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u4fb5\u5165\u4eba\u4f53\u5185\u201d\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/i01piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/eaf84e2b10ea73dc\" \/><\/section>\n<section>\u6602\u5e03\u74e6\u5179\u00b7\u5e15\u96f7\uff08Ambroise Par\u00e9\uff0c\u6765\u6e90\uff1awikimedia.org\uff09<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u761f\u75ab\u548c\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u5bf9\u6c34\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u4e5f\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bb6\u5b85\u5185\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u6d17\u6d74\u884c\u4e3a\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u6392\u65a5\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u62b5\u5fa1\u761f\u75ab\u6700\u597d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u6d17\u6fa1\uff0c\u8ba9\u810f\u4e1c\u897f\u628a\u6bdb\u5b54\u8986\u76d6\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u6709\u5bb3\u6c14\u4f53\u4fb5\u5165\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u8eab\u4f53\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u60f3\u8c61\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e2d\u6f5c\u85cf\u7684\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5bf9\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u8fd1\u8ddd\u79bb\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6bdb\u5b54\u8212\u5f20\u539f\u7406\u80cc\u540e\u4eba\u4f53\u4e0e\u6709\u5bb3\u7269\u8d28\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u548c\u6e17\u900f\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u5371\u9669\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u00a0<\/section>\n<section>\u00a003<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u9274\u4e8e\u6d17\u6d74\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u4fdd\u6301\u6d01\u51c0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u201c\u5e72\u6d17\u201d\uff08Toilette s\u00e8che\uff09\u81ea\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7eaa\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u98ce\u6f6e\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u5e72\u6d17\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89e6\u6c34\uff0c\u7528\u6bdb\u5dfe\u64e6\u62ed\u8138\u90e8\u548c\u624b\u90e8\u3002\u6e05\u6d01\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u201c\u64e6\u62ed\u201d\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8eab\u4f53\u5916\u9732\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u663e\u5f97\u5e72\u51c0\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8bf4\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u6d17\u6fa1\u3001\u4e0d\u7231\u5e72\u51c0\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u6ca1\u9519\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u7ef4\u4f3d\u96f7\u7f57\u7740\u610f\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\uff0c\u6d17\u6d74\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6d88\u5931\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u536b\u751f\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u5316\u5e76\u975e\u8bf4\u660e\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u7231\u5e72\u51c0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6d01\u51c0\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u00a0<\/section>\n<section>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u761f\u75ab\u4ee5\u66f2\u6298\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8eab\u4f53\u673a\u80fd\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u6c34\u7684\u6050\u60e7\uff0c\u5e76\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u6d01\u51c0\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u6e17\u900f\u5230\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u536b\u751f\u4e60\u60ef\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u5230\u5341\u516d\u3001\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u6d01\u51c0\u201d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u201c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u8fd8\u7b97\u5e72\u51c0\uff0c\u95fb\u8d77\u6765\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u81ed\u201d\uff0c\u610f\u5373\u5916\u8868\u7684\u5e72\u51c0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6d01\u51c0\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u4e0d\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u53d1\u80a4\u672c\u8eab\u5e72\u51c0\u4e0e\u5426\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8eab\u4e0a\u7a7f\u7684\u8863\u7269\u662f\u5426\u6574\u6d01\u5e72\u51c0\u3002\u4ecb\u4e8e\u4eba\u4f53\u548c\u5916\u8863\u4e4b\u95f4\u3001\u7d27\u8d34\u76ae\u80a4\u7684\u5185\u8863\u7531\u6b64\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u5185\u8863\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u767d\u8272\u7684\u886c\u8863\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u4eba\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u201c\u6d01\u767d\u7684\u886c\u8863\u53ef\u4ee5\u51c0\u5316\u8eab\u4f53\uff0c\u53bb\u9664\u5176\u8868\u9762\u6c61\u57a2\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u4f53\u5185\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u548c\u6cb9\u8102\u6392\u51fa\uff0c\u9644\u7740\u5230\u767d\u886c\u8863\u4e0a\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u66f4\u6362\u5185\u8863\u5373\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6e05\u6d01\u8eab\u4f53\uff0c\u5185\u8863\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u6620\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u662f\u5426\u6ce8\u91cd\u8eab\u4f53\u536b\u751f\uff0c\u6362\u6d17\u5185\u8863\u7684\u9891\u7387\u4e8e\u662f\u6210\u4e3a\u6d01\u51c0\u4e0e\u5426\u7684\u65b0\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5341\u516d\u3001\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u6b7b\u540e\u8d22\u4ea7\u6e05\u518c\u4e2d\u6709\u5173\u8863\u7269\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u8d35\u65cf\u5bb6\u5ead\u8d2d\u7f6e\u886c\u8863\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\u3002\u5230\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0b\u534a\u53f6\u548c\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u9664\u738b\u5ba4\u548c\u8d35\u65cf\u5916\uff0c\u5bcc\u6709\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u5982\u9ad8\u7b49\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u6cd5\u5b98\u3001\u533b\u751f\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u83ab\u91cc\u54c0\u548c\u62c9\u8f9b\u7b49\u4eab\u53d7\u5e74\u91d1\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u6587\u4eba\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e09\u5341\u6765\u4ef6\u886c\u8863\u3002\u886c\u8863\u6210\u4e86\u4ece\u201c\u6e05\u6d01\u670d\u88c5\u201d\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u201c\u6e05\u6d01\u8eab\u4f53\u201d\u6709\u5f62\u7684\u7269\u5316\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u505a\u6cd5\u5b9e\u5219\u6269\u5927\u4e86\u6e05\u6d01\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\u6e05\u6d01\u536b\u751f\u51c6\u5219\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u00a0<\/section>\n<section>\u65e2\u7136\u6e05\u6d01\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u8863\u6765\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u5bab\u5ef7\u793c\u4eea\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u5916\u89c2\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u65e5\u76ca\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u5185\u8863\u9010\u6e10\u5916\u9732\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u670d\u9970\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7ef4\u4f3d\u96f7\u7f57\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d0\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u9976\u6709\u8da3\u5473\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u6d01\u51c0\u89c2\u5ff5\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u7740\u88c5\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7a81\u663e\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5185\u8863\u7684\u886c\u8863\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u6df1\u4e86\u670d\u9970\u7684\u5185\u91cc\u4e0e\u5916\u8868\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u201c\u8f83\u91cf\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f83\u91cf\u4f7f\u5f97\u886c\u8863\u4e0d\u518d\u9690\u85cf\u4e8e\u957f\u888d\u6216\u5916\u5957\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f00\u59cb\u4ece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src=\"https:\/\/i03piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/d068a6b94401516c\" \/><\/section>\n<section>\u4e9a\u4f2f\u62c9\u7f55\u00b7\u535a\u65af\uff08Abraham Bosse\uff09\u7684\u300a\u821e\u4f1a\u300b\uff08<em>Le bal<\/em>\uff09\uff08\u6765\u6e90\uff1amutualart.com\uff09<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u548c\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u897f\u6b27\u7684\u753b\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u670d\u9970\u7a7f\u642d\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u3002\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u6cd5\u56fd\u5bab\u5ef7\u753b\u5e08\u8ba9\u00b7\u5e03\u5c14\u8fea\u96c4\uff08Jean Bourdichon\uff09\u7b14\u4e0b\u7684\u300a\u5927\u5bcc\u4e4b\u5bb6\u300b\uff08<em>L\u2019homme riche ou la Noblesse<\/em>\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u592b\u59bb\u548c\u4e00\u5bf9\u5c0f\u513f\u5973\u5747\u662f\u957f\u888d\u7740\u8eab\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e08\u592b\u7684\u9886\u5b50\u548c\u8896\u53e3\u9732\u51fa\u4e9b\u8bb8\u886c\u8863\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u3002\u518d\u770b\u4e00\u516d\u4e09\u4e09\u5e74\u4e9a\u4f2f\u62c9\u7f55\u00b7\u535a\u65af\uff08Abraham Bosse\uff09\u7684\u300a\u57ce\u5e02\u5a5a\u793c\u300b\u7cfb\u5217\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u300a\u821e\u4f1a\u300b\uff08<em>Le bal<\/em>\uff09\u4e00\u753b\u4e2d\uff0c\u886c\u8863\u7684\u767d\u8272\u8863\u9886\u548c\u8863\u8896\u7684\u857e\u4e1d\u82b1\u8fb9\u4ece\u7537\u58eb\u7684\u7d27\u8eab\u4e0a\u8863\u548c\u5973\u58eb\u7684\u88d9\u670d\u4e2d\u5927\u5927\u65b9\u65b9\u5730\u663e\u9732\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u62ab\u80a9\u5f0f\u5927\u7ffb\u9886\u9010\u6e10\u53d6\u4ee3\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u4ee5\u6765\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u6ce2\u6d6a\u5f62\u8f6e\u72b6\u62c9\u592b\u9886\u6216\u7acb\u5f0f\u9886\uff0c\u914d\u4ee5\u76d6\u5728\u5916\u8863\u8896\u4e0a\u7684\u767d\u8272\u857e\u4e1d\u8896\u6216\u82b1\u8fb9\u5bbd\u888d\u8896\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u7a7f\u6234\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u6d01\u51c0\u6807\u51c6\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u670d\u9970\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u8eab\u4f53\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u4f4d\u7684\u88c5\u626e\u3002\u5982\u5934\u4e0a\u548c\u8138\u4e0a\u6251\u9999\u7c89\u3001\u4f69\u6234\u9999\u56ca\u3001\u718f\u9999\u8863\u7269\u3001\u643d\u9999\u6c34\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6211\u4eec\u66fe\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u906e\u853d\u4f53\u5473\u3001\u6109\u60a6\u81ea\u6211\u548c\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u5b9e\u5219\u6709\u7740\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6e05\u6d01\u548c\u9632\u75ab\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u90fd\u5173\u6ce8\u5230\u6c14\u5473\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u6cd5\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u963f\u59ae\u67ef\u00b7\u52d2\u683c\u96f7\uff08Annick Le Gu\u00e9rer\uff09\u5728\u8bba\u53ca\u6c14\u5473\u4e0e\u761f\u75ab\u4e4b\u95f4\u6301\u4e45\u4ea4\u7ec7\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u65f6\uff0c\u63d0\u5230\u6cd5\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u201cempester\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u3002\u4ece\u8bcd\u6839peste\uff08\u761f\u75ab\uff09\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u539f\u610f\u662f\u201c\u4f20\u64ad\u761f\u75ab\u201d\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5230\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u91cd\u542b\u4e49\u66f4\u52a0\u7a81\u663e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u53d1\u51fa\u81ed\u5473\u201d\u201c\u4f7f\u67d3\u4e0a\u81ed\u5473\u201d\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u8be5\u8bcd\u7684\u539f\u610f\u53cd\u800c\u5f88\u5c11\u518d\u7528\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u8150\u70c2\u7269\u548c\u6076\u81ed\u957f\u4e45\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u75be\u75c5\u548c\u761f\u75ab\u4e4b\u6e90\uff0c\u5728\u761f\u75ab\u8086\u8650\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u6e90\u5934\u7684\u8ffd\u6eaf\u4f7f\u5f97\u6c14\u5473\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u88ab\u65e0\u9650\u653e\u5927\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0b\u534a\u53f6\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u8def\u6613\u00b7\u5df4\u65af\u5fb7\u5927\u529b\u5021\u5bfc\u75be\u75c5\u7ec6\u83cc\u8bf4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u4e86\u89e3\u761f\u75ab\u7684\u7f6a\u9b41\u7978\u9996\u539f\u6765\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u8089\u773c\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u75c5\u83cc\u5728\u4f5c\u795f\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u9999\u6599\u5177\u6709\u9632\u8150\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u8150\u70c2\u7269\u7684\u514b\u661f\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u8150\u70c2\u7269\u7684\u81ed\u5473\u6c61\u67d3\u4e86\u7a7a\u6c14\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u4f53\u751f\u75c5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528\u9999\u6599\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a71\u6563\u81ed\u5473\uff0c\u51c0\u5316\u6c61\u6d4a\u5371\u9669\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u761f\u75ab\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u4eba\u4f53\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u3002\u9999\u6599\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u548c\u6d01\u51c0\u529f\u80fd\u5728\u5341\u516d\u3001\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u88ab\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f3a\u5316\uff0c\u6251\u9999\u7c89\u3001\u643d\u9999\u6c34\u56e0\u6b64\u6784\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u6e05\u6d01\u536b\u751f\u51c6\u5219\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u00a0<\/section>\n<section>\u56de\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u4e00\u751f\u53ea\u6d17\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u6fa1\u7684\u4f20\u95fb\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\u6279\u8bc4\u8005\u7684\u675c\u64b0\uff0c\u4e3a\u7a81\u663e\u51e1\u5c14\u8d5b\u5bab\u5962\u534e\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u80ae\u810f\u6240\u7f16\u6392\u7684\u4e0d\u5b9e\u4e4b\u8bcd\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u5e38\u5728\u51e1\u5c14\u8d5b\u5bab\u7684\u6d74\u7f38\u6d17\u6fa1\uff0c\u4f46\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u59cb\u7ec8\u9075\u5faa\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u6e05\u6d01\u536b\u751f\u51c6\u5219\u3002\u4ed6\u6bcf\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\u8d77\u6765\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ee5\u5e72\u6d17\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u9152\u7cbe\u6216\u767d\u5170\u5730\u6d78\u6ce1\u8fc7\u7684\u6bdb\u5dfe\u64e6\u62ed\u8138\u548c\u624b\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u5c0f\u8d77\u5e8a\u793c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u6253\u730e\u6216\u8005\u6253\u5b8c\u7403\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u56fd\u738b\u4f1a\u7b80\u5355\u6d17\u6f31\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6362\u4e0a\u5e72\u51c0\u7684\u767d\u886c\u8863\u3002\u4ed6\u6bcf\u5929\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u6362\u4e94\u6b21\u886c\u8863\u3002\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5e38\u53bb\u5df4\u9ece\u7684\u6fa1\u5802\uff0c\u4e00\u516d\u516d\u4e00\u5e74\u4eb2\u653f\u540e\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5076\u5c14\u5149\u4e34\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u7956\u7236\u4ea8\u5229\u56db\u4e16\u4e00\u6837\u559c\u6b22\u6e38\u6cf3\u3002\u4ece\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8d77\uff0c\u6bcf\u5230\u590f\u5929\u4ed6\u4f1a\u53bb\u585e\u7eb3\u6cb3\u6e38\u6cf3\u3002\u4f8d\u4ece\u4eec\u4f1a\u201c\u9009\u4e00\u5904\u6cb3\u6c34\u5e72\u51c0\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d17\u6d74\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u6c34\u8fb9\u652f\u4e0a\u4e00\u9876\u5e10\u7bf7\uff0c\u201c\u56fd\u738b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u66f4\u8863\u201d\u3002\u6309\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u536b\u751f\u89c2\u5ff5\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u53ef\u80fd\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u5e72\u51c0\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6309\u8fd1\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u6d01\u51c0\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4ed6\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u8bb2\u536b\u751f\u7684\u6977\u6a21\uff01\u6b63\u662f\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u7684\u5bab\u5ef7\u5f15\u9886\u7740\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6e05\u6d01\u536b\u751f\u51c6\u5219\u548c\u670d\u9970\u88c5\u626e\u7684\u6f6e\u6d41\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u00a0<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u5728\u7ef4\u4f3d\u96f7\u7f57\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53d7\u761f\u75ab\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5341\u516d\u3001\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u7528\u6c34\u6d17\u6d74\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u5173\u6e05\u6d01\u548c\u88c5\u626e\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5374\u5728\u63d0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