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<\/p>\n
\u671d\u519b\u5357\u8fdb\u5f62\u52bf\u56fe<\/p>\n
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\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u673a\u573a\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u7f8e\u7a7a\u519b\u55b7\u6c14\u5f0f\u6218\u6597\u673a\u8d77\u964d\u7684\u957f\u8dd1\u9053\uff08Knott,2007,p.295\uff09\uff0c\u8fdc\u4e1c\u7a7a\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\u51b3\u5b9a\u5411\u5df2\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4fee\u590d\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u5927\u90b1\u548c\u6d66\u9879\u673a\u573a\u90e8\u7f72P-51\u91ce\u9a6c\uff08Mustang\uff09\u87ba\u65cb\u6868\u6218\u6597\u673a\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u5927\u90b1\u548c\u6d66\u9879\u5404\u5c55\u5f00\u4e861\u4e2aP-51\u5927\u961f\uff08Futrell,1983,pp.95-97\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u8dd1\u9053\u72b6\u51b5\u975e\u5e38\u5dee\u7684\u91dc\u5c71\u57fa\u5730\u7528\u4f5c\u98de\u673a\u7d27\u6025\u964d\u843d\uff08emergency landing\uff09\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\u5c11\u91cf\u7a7a\u8fd0\u7684\u57fa\u5730\uff08Futrell.1983,p.110\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u5185\u5f53\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u9002\u5408\u55b7\u6c14\u5f0f\u98de\u673a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u673a\u573a\uff0c\u7f8e\u8fdc\u4e1c\u7a7a\u519b\u4e3b\u6218\u98de\u673aF-80\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u65e5\u672c\u57fa\u5730\u8d77\u98de\u8d74\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u6267\u884c\u4f5c\u6218\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279?F?\u5bcc\u7279\u96f7\u5c14\uff08Robert F. Futrell\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u52301950\u5e747\u6708\u4e2d\u65ec\u4e3a\u6b62,F-80\u6218\u6597\u673a\u51fa\u52a8\u975e\u5e38\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u5360\u5230\u7f8e\u7a7a\u519b\u98de\u884c\u67b6\u6b21\u768470%\uff08Futrell.1983,p.87\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4e24\u5730\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u9650\u5236\uff0cF-80\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u6548\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u5f88\u5927\u5236\u7ea6\u3002\u98de\u673a\u4ece\u8ddd\u79bb\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u677f\u4ed8\uff08Itazuke\uff09\u57fa\u5730\u8d77\u98de\uff0c\u5230\u8fbe\u6c49\u6c5f\u6d41\u57df\u7684\u76f4\u7ebf\u8ddd\u79bb\u662f310\u82f1\u91cc\uff08\u7ea6500\u5343\u7c73\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u54ea\u6015F-80\u4e0d\u6302\u8f7d\u706b\u7bad\u5f39\u548c\u70b8\u5f39\uff0c\u4ec5\u643a\u5e2650\u53e3\u5f84\u673a\u70ae\uff0c\u5728\u6c49\u6c5f\u7a7a\u57df\u505c\u7559\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6700\u591a\u4e5f\u53ea\u670915-20\u5206\u949f\uff08Futrell.1983,p.27,31\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6218\u7ebf\u5728\u6d1b\u4e1c\u6c5f\u9644\u8fd1\u5f62\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6218\u6597\u673a\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u8ddd\u79bb\u51cf\u5c11\u5230150\u82f1\u91cc\uff08\u7ea6240\u5343\u7c73\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u652f\u63f4\u5730\u9762\u90e8\u961f\u4f5c\u6218\uff0cF-80\u8fd8\u9700\u6302\u8f7d\u706b\u7bad\u5f39\u548c\u70b8\u5f39\uff0c\u5728\u6218\u7ebf\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u4f9d\u7136\u53ea\u670915\u5206\u949f\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5f88\u591aF-80\u98de\u884c\u5458\u5c31\u201c\u5982\u540c\u8d5b\u573a\u4e0a\u8499\u7740\u773c\u775b\u7684\u62f3\u51fb\u8fd0\u52a8\u5458\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u786e\u8ba4\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5306\u5fd9\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6295\u4e0b\u70b8\u5f39\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fc5\u901f\u8fd4\u56de\u65e5\u672c\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u98de\u673a\u56e0\u71c3\u6599\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u65e0\u52a8\u529b\u7740\u9646\uff08dead-sticklanding\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u98de\u62b5\u57fa\u5730\u4e4b\u524d\u98de\u884c\u5458\u7d27\u6025\u8df3\u4f1e\uff08bailed out\uff09\uff08Futrell.1983,p.87\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u7b2c5\u822a\u7a7a\u961f\u526f\u53f8\u4ee4\u6c40\u5e03\u83b1\u514b\uff08Maj.General Edward J.Timberlake,Jr.\uff09\u5728\u8c08\u53ca\u65b0\u578b\u55b7\u6c14\u5f0f\u6218\u6597\u673aF-80\u8584\u5f31\u7684\u6b66\u5668\u642d\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u7eed\u822a\u8ddd\u79bb\u65f6\u66fe\u8868\u793a\uff0c1\u67b6\u4ee5\u5927\u90b1\u4e3a\u57fa\u5730\u7684\u8001\u65e7\u87ba\u65cb\u6868\u6218\u6597\u673aF-51\u53d1\u6325\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e0e4\u67b6\u4ee5\u65e5\u672c\u4e5d\u5dde\u4e3a\u57fa\u5730\u7684F-80\u53d1\u6325\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u76f8\u5f53\uff08equivalent\uff09\uff08Futrell.1983,p.94\uff09\u3002\u4ece\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u97e9\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u9002\u5408\u7684\u673a\u573a\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86F-80\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u6548\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6218\u4e89\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u8fdc\u4e1c\u7a7a\u519b\u731b\u70c8\u8f70\u70b8\u7684\u671d\u9c9c\u519b\u961f\u8fc5\u901f\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5bf9\u7b56\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4F-80\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u6548\u679c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5dee\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u7f8e\u519b\u7684\u5730\u6bef\u5f0f\u8f70\u70b8\uff0c7\u6708\u672b\uff0c\u671d\u9c9c\u6307\u6325\u90e8\u5411\u4e00\u7ebf\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u518d\u4e09\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u5229\u7528\u5c71\u8def\u3001\u63a9\u4f53\u53ca\u591c\u95f4\u6218\u6597\u201d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5bf9\u7f8e\u519b\u98de\u884c\u5458\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u9690\u853d\u4e2d\u7684\u671d\u9c9c\u519b\u961f\u6210\u4e3a\u6700\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff08\u91d1\u6cf0\u5b87{\u97f3},2013,pp.184-85\uff09\u3002\u671d\u9c9c\u519b\u961f\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u6218\u672f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97F-80\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u6548\u80fd\u6025\u5267\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u8fdc\u4e1c\u7a7a\u519b\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u201c\u653e\u5f03F-80\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u90e8\u7f72\u53ef\u4ee5\u6302\u8f7d\u8db3\u591f\u6b66\u5668\u4e14\u7eed\u822a\u8ddd\u79bb\u8fdc\u7684\u65e7\u5f0fF-51\u6218\u6597\u673a\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u77e5\u9053F-51\u901f\u5ea6\u6162\u3001\u9632\u62a4\u529b\u5dee\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8f70\u70b8\uff0c\u7f8e\u7a7a\u519b\u6307\u6325\u90e8\u8fd8\u662f\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u822a\u6bcd\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u672c\u571f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6295\u9001145\u67b6F-51\u6218\u6597\u673a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u30027\u670823\u65e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6279F-51\u8fd0\u62b5\u65e5\u672c\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u5df2\u90e8\u7f72\u5c11\u91cfF-51\u6218\u6597\u673a\u7684\u5927\u90b1\u548c\u6d66\u9879\u57fa\u5730\u8fc5\u901f\u5f97\u5230\u589e\u63f4\uff08Hallion,1986,p.40\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u671d\u9c9c\u519b\u961f\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u5357\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f8e\u7a7a\u519b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u673a\u573a\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u8fdc\u6bd4\u9884\u60f3\u7684\u8981\u4e25\u91cd\u5f97\u591a\u30028\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u671d\u9c9c\u519b\u961f\u8fdb\u653b\u81f3\u6d1b\u4e1c\u6c5f\u9632\u5fa1\u7ebf\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u7f8e\u8fdc\u4e1c\u7a7a\u519b\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u4ece\u6d66\u9879\u548c\u5927\u90b1\u673a\u573a\u64a4\u51fa\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e15\u7279\u91cc\u5947\uff08Partridge\uff09\u5c06\u519b\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\u5411\u97e9\u56fd\u673a\u573a\u8ffd\u52a0\u90e8\u7f72F-51\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e8\u67084\u65e5\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4ece\u6d66\u9879\u548c\u5927\u90b1\u64a4\u51fa\u98de\u673a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a1\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u9664\u4e86\u6781\u5176\u7b80\u964b\u7684\u91dc\u5c71\u673a\u573a\u5916\uff0c\u97e9\u56fd\u5df2\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u591f\u6295\u5165\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u673a\u573a\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u652f\u63f4\u9677\u5165\u7a7a\u524d\u5371\u673a\u7684\u5730\u9762\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u7f8e\u7a7a\u519b\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u65e5\u672c\u6d3e\u51fa\u6218\u6597\u673a\u6267\u884c\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u4f5c\u6218\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u671d\u9c9c\u519b\u961f\u8fd8\u5728\u65e0\u610f\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u63a7\u5236\uff08seize\uff09\u654c\u519b\u673a\u573a\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e94\u5bf9\u7f8e\u519b\u8f70\u70b8\u6700\u4e3a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u30021950\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u5c40\u52bf\u5df2\u662f\u5c8c\u5c8c\u53ef\u5371\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u519b\u5730\u9762\u90e8\u961f\u4e9f\u9700\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u7a7a\u519b\u529b\u91cf\u5728\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u4e3a\u6d77\u4e0a\u79fb\u52a8\u673a\u573a\u822a\u6bcd\u548c\u6d77\u4e0a\u822a\u7a7a\u529b\u91cf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u201c\u5728\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u4f5c\u6218\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u8bc1\u660e\u5176\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u201d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6d1b\u4e1c\u6c5f\u6218\u7ebf\u9632\u5fa1\u3001\u5174\u5357\u64a4\u51fa\u53ca\u6d77\u4e0a\u822a\u7a7a\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n
\u671d\u9c9c\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\u65f6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7acb\u5373\u6295\u5165\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u7684\u822a\u6bcd\u4e00\u5171\u67092\u8258\u30021\u8258\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b2c7\u8230\u961f\uff08Seventh Fleet\uff09\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u201c\u57c3\u585e\u514b\u65af\u201d\u7ea7\uff08Essex\uff09\u822a\u6bcd\u201c\u798f\u5409\u8c37\u201d\u53f7\uff08USS Valley Forge\uff09\uff0c\u53e61\u8258\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u8fdc\u4e1c\u6d77\u519b\uff08Naval Forces,Far East Command\uff09\u6240\u5c5e\u8f7b\u578b\u822a\u6bcd\u201c\u51ef\u65cb\u201d\u53f7\uff08HMS Triumph\uff09\u3002\u201c\u798f\u5409\u8c37\u201d\u53f7\u6392\u6c34\u91cf27100\u5428\uff0c\u642d\u8f7d\u5305\u62ecF9F-2\u201c\u9ed1\u8c79\u201d\uff08Panther\uff09\u55b7\u6c14\u5f0f\u6218\u6597\u673a\u3001F4U\u201c\u6d77\u76d7\u201d\uff08Corsair\uff09\u87ba\u65cb\u6868\u6218\u6597\u673a\u3001AD\u201c\u7a7a\u88ad\u8005\u201d\uff08Skyraider\uff09\u87ba\u65cb\u6868\u6218\u6597\u673a\u5728\u5185\u768486\u67b6\u98de\u673a\u3002\u201c\u51ef\u65cb\u201d\u53f7\u6392\u6c34\u91cf13000\u5428\uff0c\u642d\u8f7d\u201c\u8424\u706b\u866b\u201d\uff08Fairey Firefly\uff09\u548c\u201c\u7a7a\u88ad\u8005\u201d\u7b4920\u591a\u67b6\u87ba\u65cb\u6868\u6218\u6597\u673a\uff08Field,Jr.,1962\/2013,p.32\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
6\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u7684\u201c\u798f\u5409\u8c37\u201d\u53f7\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u5916\u6d77\u7684\u201c\u51ef\u65cb\u201d\u53f7\u4f9d\u636e\u4f5c\u6218\u547d\u4ee46-50\u53f7\uff08Operation Order 6-50\uff09\u7f16\u6210\u7b2c77\u673a\u52a8\u90e8\u961f\uff08Task Force 77\uff09\u3002\u4ece6\u670829\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7b2c77\u673a\u52a8\u90e8\u961f\u53d7\u7b2c7\u8230\u961f\u53f8\u4ee4\u4e9a\u745f\u00b7\u53f2\u50a8\u4f2f\uff08Vice-Admiral Arthur D. Struble\uff09\u6307\u6325\u30027\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u75312\u8258\u822a\u6bcd\u30012\u8258\u5de1\u6d0b\u8230\u300110\u8258\u9a71\u9010\u8230\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u7b2c77\u673a\u52a8\u90e8\u961f\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u5e73\u58e4\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u673a\u573a\u3001\u94c1\u8def\u8bbe\u65bd\u8fdb\u884c\u8f70\u70b8\uff0c\u822a\u6bcd\u7f16\u961f\u5728\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u884c\u52a8\u6b63\u5f0f\u62c9\u5f00\u5e8f\u5e55\uff08Cagle& Manson,1957\/2003,pp.54-57\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u6218\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u4e0e\u7a7a\u519b\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u822a\u6bcd\u7f16\u961f\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u660e\u663e\u3002\u52307\u6708\u4e2d\u65ec\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u8f70\u70b8\u671d\u9c9c\u7684\u673a\u573a\u3001\u4ea7\u4e1a\u8bbe\u65bd\u53ca\u671d\u9c9c\u519b\u961f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4ea4\u901a\u7ebf\u3002\u5728\u6253\u51fb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fa\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a7a\u519b\u51ed\u501f\u5927\u6279\u6218\u6597\u673a\u548c\u80fd\u591f\u643a\u5e26\u5927\u91cf\u6b66\u5668\u7684\u8f70\u70b8\u673a\uff08B-26,B-29\uff09\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u7b2c77\u673a\u52a8\u90e8\u961f\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u53ea\u6709100\u591a\u67b6\uff0c\u6218\u6597\u529b\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4e14\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u4f5c\u6218\u4efb\u52a1\u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u65e5\u672c\u91cd\u65b0\u8865\u7ed9\u7269\u8d44\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u786e\u4fdd\u822a\u6bcd\u7f16\u961f\u5728\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u6218\u533a\u5185\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u60272\u3002<\/p>\n
7\u6708\u5e95\uff0c\u6218\u51b5\u60e8\u70c8\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u5341\u5206\u5371\u6025\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u519b\u822a\u7a7a\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7531\u62e6\u622a\u4f5c\u6218\u8c03\u6574\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5730\u9762\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u8fd1\u8ddd\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\uff08CAS\uff1aClose Air Support\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u98de\u673a\u53ea\u80fd\u5c06\u4fa7\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u5bf9\u5730\u9762\u79fb\u52a8\u5175\u529b\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u652f\u63f4\u4e0a\u3002\u4e0d\u4f46\u5982\u6b64\uff0c7\u6708\u4e2d\u65ec\u81f38\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u505c\u6cca\u5728\u5723\u5730\u4e9a\u54e5\u7684\u201c\u57c3\u585e\u514b\u65af\u201d\u7ea7\uff08Essex\uff09\u201c\u62f3\u5e08\u201d\u53f7\uff08USS Boxer\uff09\u822a\u6bcd\u3001\u201c\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u6d77\u201d\u53f7\uff08USS Philippine Sea\uff09\u822a\u6bcd\u53ca\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u8230\u961f\u6240\u5c5e\u62a4\u822a\u822a\u6bcd\u201c\u897f\u897f\u91cc\u201d\u53f7\uff08USS Sicily\uff09\u3001\u201c\u57f9\u767b\u6d77\u5ce1\u201d\u53f7\uff08USS Badoeng Strait\uff09\u7b494\u652f\u822a\u6bcd\u6218\u6597\u7fa4\u7d27\u6025\u589e\u63f4\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u6218\u533a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7b2c77\u673a\u52a8\u90e8\u961f\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u6570\u91cf\u5267\u589e\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u6d77\u4e0a\u79fb\u52a8\u673a\u573a\u2014\u2014\u822a\u6bcd\u5728\u4f5c\u6218\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u5927\u5e45\u589e\u52a0\uff08Knott,2007,pp.296-301\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u671d\u9c9c\u519b\u961f\u7684\u731b\u70c8\u653b\u51fb\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f8e\u7b2c8\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff08Eighth US Army,Korea\uff09\u8282\u8282\u8d25\u9000\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u903c\u9000\u5230\u91dc\u5c71\u9644\u8fd1\u30027\u670823\u65e5\uff0c\u500d\u611f\u5371\u6025\u7684\u7b2c8\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u6307\u6325\u90e8\u5411\u7b2c77\u673a\u52a8\u90e8\u961f\u7d27\u6025\u6c42\u63f4\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u8fd1\u8ddd\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\uff08Cagle&Manson,1957\/2003,p.68\uff09\u3002\u7b2c7\u8230\u961f\u53f8\u4ee4\u4e9a\u745f\u00b7\u53f2\u50a8\u4f2f\u8fc5\u901f\u5c06\u201c\u798f\u5409\u8c37\u201d\u53f7\u548c\u201c\u51ef\u65cb\u201d\u53f7\u6d3e\u5f80\u4e1c\u6d77\uff08\u534a\u5c9b\u4e1c\u90e8\u6d77\u57df\uff09\u30027\u670825\u65e58\u65f6\uff08\u97e9\u56fd\u65f6\u95f4\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u822a\u6bcd\u4e0a\u8d77\u98de\u7684\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8620\u591a\u5206\u949f\u5c31\u98de\u62b5\u4f5c\u6218\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u671d\u9c9c\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u7684\u9996\u6b21\u8fd1\u8ddd\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\u4f5c\u6218\uff08Cagle& Manson,1957\/2003,pp.71-72\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8fd1\u8ddd\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\u4f5c\u6218\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0e\u7a7a\u519b\u7684\u6218\u6597\u673a\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u7f8e\u3001\u82f1\u6d77\u519b\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u822a\u6bcd\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u5728\u4f5c\u6218\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u6b66\u5668\u642d\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u53cd\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5360\u6709\u7edd\u5bf9\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u97e9\u56fd\u53ef\u7528\u673a\u573a\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u7f8e\u7a7a\u519b\u4e3b\u529b\u6218\u6597\u673a\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8981\u4ece\u65e5\u672c\u8d77\u98de\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u642d\u8f7d\u6b66\u5668\u88c5\u5907\u548c\u4f5c\u6218\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u53d7\u5230\u5f88\u5927\u5236\u7ea63\u3002\u822a\u6bcd\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6218\u7ebf\u9644\u8fd1\u6d77\u57df\u51fa\u51fb\uff0c\u5728\u6b66\u5668\u88c5\u5907\u642d\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b\u4e0e\u4f5c\u6218\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4f18\u4e8e\u7a7a\u519b\u6218\u673a\u3002\u4f5c\u6218\u4e2d\uff0c\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u5927\u91cf\u643a\u5e26\u4e86\u53ef\u6709\u6548\u653b\u51fb\u671d\u9c9c\u519b\u961f\u5766\u514b\u548c\u88c5\u7532\u8f66\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u5f0fATAR\u5bfc\u5f39\u53ca\u53ef\u5b9e\u65bd\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u6740\u4f24\u7684\u51dd\u56fa\u6c7d\u6cb9\u5f39\uff08napalm\uff09\uff08Hallion,1986,p.49\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u4f46\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u7a7a\u519b\u6218\u6597\u673a\uff0c\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u54cd\u5e94\u5730\u9762\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u652f\u63f4\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u636e\u8fdc\u4e1c\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e81950\u5e74\u5e95\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u7a7a\u519b\u98de\u673a\u4ece\u201c\u63a5\u5230\u652f\u63f4\u8bf7\u6c42\u2014\u8d77\u98de\u2014\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u4e0a\u7a7a\u201d\u6240\u9700\u65f6\u95f4\u6700\u5c11\u4e3a45\u5206\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u8fbe\u523067\u5206\u949f\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u4ec5\u9700\u89815-10\u5206\u949f\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u57fa\u4e8e\u822a\u6bcd\u7684\u8fd1\u8ddd\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\u4f53\u7cfb\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u54cd\u5e94\u4e0e\u5e94\u5bf9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4f18\u4e8e\u7a7a\u519b\uff08BooseJr.,2013,pp.119-121\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f18\u52bf\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u652f\u63f4\u5730\u9762\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4f5c\u6218\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u9632\u5fa1\u6d1b\u4e1c\u6c5f\u6218\u7ebf\u7684\u8fd1\u8ddd\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\u4f5c\u6218\u662f\u4ee5\u822a\u6bcd\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\uff08Blanchfield,2013,p.37\uff09\u30028\u6708\u81f39\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u5bf9\u6d1b\u4e1c\u6c5f\u6218\u7ebf\u7684\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\u5168\u9762\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u62f3\u5e08\u201d\u53f7\u3001\u201c\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u6d77\u201d\u53f7\u5728\u5185\u7684\u7b2c77\u673a\u52a8\u90e8\u961f\u6240\u5c5e\u822a\u6bcd\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u4e3a\u7f8e\u7b2c8\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\uff0c\u7f8e\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u6218\u961f\u6240\u5c5e\u201c\u897f\u897f\u91cc\u201d\u53f7\u548c\u201c\u57f9\u767b\u6d77\u5ce1\u201d\u53f7\u822a\u6bcd\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u4e3a\u7f8e\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u6218\u961f\u548c\u97e9\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\uff0c\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u51fa\u51fb\u603b\u6570\u8fbe\u52304840\u67b6\u6b21\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9891\u7e41\u51fa\u52a8\u7684\u822a\u6bcd\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u6709\u529b\u6253\u51fb\u4e86\u6d1b\u4e1c\u6c5f\u6218\u7ebf\u4e00\u5e26\u7684\u671d\u9c9c\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u4e00\u8dc3\u6210\u4e3a\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6740\u622e\u673a\u5668\uff08BooseJr.,2013,pp.119-121\uff09\u30021950\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u636e\u88ab\u5173\u62bc\u5728\u5927\u90b1\u7684\u671d\u519b\u4fd8\u864f\u79f0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u5bb3\u6015\u7684\u662f\u84dd\u8272\u98de\u673a\uff08\u822a\u6bcd\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u7684\u6d82\u88c5\u662f\u84dd\u8272\u7684\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u822a\u6bcd\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u56e0\u5176\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u6b66\u5668\u642d\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u7a7a\u519b\u6218\u6597\u673a\u66f4\u8ba9\u671d\u9c9c\u519b\u961f\u611f\u5230\u6050\u60e7\uff08Hallion,1986,p.50\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u519b\u6d1b\u4e1c\u6c5f\u9632\u5fa1\u6218\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u51e0\u540d\u7f8e\u56fd\u6218\u5730\u8bb0\u8005\u5bf9\u822a\u6bcd\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u5728\u6d1b\u4e1c\u6c5f\u6218\u7ebf\u8fd1\u8ddd\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\u4f5c\u6218\u4e2d\u7684\u51fa\u8272\u8868\u73b0\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u62a5\u9053\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5408\u4f17\u793e\u8bb0\u8005\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u7c73\u52d21950\u5e748\u670814\u65e5\u53d1\u56de\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u6700\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u3002\u62a5\u9053\u4e2d\u7279\u522b\u63d0\u5230\u201c\u897f\u897f\u91cc\u53f7\u201d\u548c\u201c\u57f9\u767b\u6d77\u5ce1\u201d\u53f7\u5bf9\u7f8e\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u6218\u961f\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\uff0c\u79f0\u201c\u5728\u8fd1\u8ddd\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\u4f5c\u6218\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u6218\u961f\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u6bd4\u7a7a\u519b\u6218\u6597\u673a\u66f4\u4e3a\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\uff08Neufeld& Watson,2002,pp.126-127\uff09\u3002\u201d\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fdc\u4e1c\u7a7a\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u65af\u7279\u83b1\u7f8e\uff08Lt.General George E. Stratemeyer\uff09\u5c06\u519b\u8981\u6c42\u7f8e\u7b2c8\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u6c83\u514b\uff08Lt. General Walton Harris Walker\uff09\u5c06\u519b\u5199\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u9a73\u65a5\u8fd9\u7bc7\u62a5\u9053\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u6c83\u514b\u5c06\u519b\u5a49\u8a00\u8c22\u7edd\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u56de\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u822a\u6bcd\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u65e0\u4e0e\u4f26\u6bd4\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6740\u4f24\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4e1d\u6beb\u6ca1\u6709\u8d2c\u4f4e\u7a7a\u519b\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u2026\u2026\u548c\u9646\u519b\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u519b\u5b98\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u6218\u961f\u7684\u8fd1\u8ddd\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u503c\u5f97\u79f0\u8d5e\u7684\u2026\u2026\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f9d\u9760\u5730\u9762\u7684\u7a7a\u519b\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8fd1\u8ddd\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\uff08Y\u2019Blood,1999,p.132\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u5f53\u65f6\u7a7a\u519b\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5fae\u4e4e\u5176\u5fae\u3002\u867d\u8bf4\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u54cd\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u6b66\u5668\u643a\u5e26\u80fd\u529b\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u9ad8\u4e8e\u7a7a\u519b\u6218\u6597\u673a\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u822a\u6bcd\u59cb\u7ec8\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u53d6\u4ee3\u7a7a\u519b\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u822a\u6bcd\u5728\u6267\u884c\u4f5c\u6218\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u6c14\u8c61\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u8981\u6bd4\u5730\u9762\u7a7a\u519b\u57fa\u5730\u5927\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53d7\u822a\u6bcd\u8dd1\u9053\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u5728\u8d77\u964d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u975e\u6218\u6597\u635f\u5931\u7387\u8981\u8fdc\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u7a7a\u519b\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u5bf9\u671d\u9c9c\u6f5c\u8247\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6218\u529b\u6267\u884c\u53cd\u6f5c\u4fa6\u5bdf\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0e\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7a7a\u519b\u98de\u673a\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u7684\u51fa\u52a8\u7387\u8981\u4f4e\u5f88\u591a4\u3002\u66f4\u6210\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u822a\u6bcd\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u8981\u64a4\u51fa\u4f5c\u6218\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u7269\u8d44\u8865\u7ed9\u4e0e\u7ef4\u4fee\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8017\u65f6\u8d39\u529b\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u822a\u6bcd\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u4f5c\u6218\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u51fa\u73b0\u6218\u529b\u7a7a\u767d5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u822a\u6bcd\u81ea\u8eab\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u8fd8\u662f\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u65e0\u5e38\u7684\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u6218\u573a\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u822a\u6bcd\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u80fd\u529b\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u5f88\u5927\u5236\u7ea6\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4f5c\u6218\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u592a\u4f4e\uff0c\u822a\u6bcd\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u53d6\u4ee3\u7a7a\u519b\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u7d27\u6025\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\u4f5c\u6218\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u5730\u9762\u7a7a\u519b\u57fa\u5730\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\u65f6\uff0c\u822a\u6bcd\u7684\u786e\u80fd\u591f\u53d1\u6325\u7279\u522b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u822a\u6bcd\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd0\u7528\u7a7a\u519b\u98de\u673a\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8865\u5145\u4e0e\u52a0\u5f3a\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u9ea6\u514b\u963f\u745f\u5c06\u519b\u4e5f\u5728\u53d1\u8a00\u4e2d\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u822a\u6bcd\u5728\u6d1b\u4e1c\u6c5f\u9632\u5fa1\u4f5c\u6218\u4e2d\u6210\u4e3a\u7a7a\u519b\u7684\u6709\u529b\u8865\u5145\uff0c\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u822a\u6bcd\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u6d1b\u4e1c\u6c5f\u6218\u7ebf\u9632\u5fa1\u4f5c\u6218\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u652f\u63f4\u201c\u4ece1950\u5e7411\u6708\u5e95\u8d77\u56e0\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u5168\u9762\u94fa\u5f00\u4f5c\u6218\u653b\u52bf\u800c\u9677\u5165\u5371\u673a\u201d\u7684\u5730\u9762\u90e8\u961f\u4f5c\u6218\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u6253\u5230\u9e2d\u7eff\u6c5f\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u519b\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u7684\u8fce\u5934\u75db\u51fb\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u540e\u64a4\uff0c\u635f\u5931\u60e8\u91cd\u3002\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u897f\u90e8\u6218\u7ebf\uff08\u7f8e\u7b2c8\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e1c\u90e8\u6218\u7ebf\uff08\u7f8e\u7b2c10\u519b\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff09\u90fd\u51fa\u73b0\u6e83\u8d25\uff0c\u4e1c\u90e8\u6218\u7ebf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5c24\u5176\u4e25\u5cfb\u3002\u4e0e\u56e0\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u8fdb\u653b\u901f\u5ea6\u660e\u663e\u653e\u7f13\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u9646\u8def\u64a4\u9000\u7684\u897f\u90e8\u6218\u7ebf\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u5fd7\u613f\u519b\u5feb\u901f\u5357\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e1c\u90e8\u6218\u7ebf\u7684\u9646\u4e0a\u9000\u8def\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u5207\u65ad\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u519b\u88ab\u8feb\u4ece\u6d77\u4e0a\u64a4\u9000\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u64a4\u79bb\u9677\u5165\u5371\u6025\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u519b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u8fdf\u6ede\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u7684\u8fdb\u653b\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fd1\u8ddd\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\u4f5c\u6218\u523b\u4e0d\u5bb9\u7f13\uff08Alexander,2007,p.219\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
11\u67085\u65e5\uff0c\u9ea6\u514b\u963f\u745f\u5c06\u519b\u5411\u8fdc\u4e1c\u7a7a\u519b\u4e0b\u8fbe\u4e86\u6467\u6bc1\u671d\u9c9c\u4ea4\u901a\u7ebf\u3001\u7269\u8d44\u50a8\u5907\u8bbe\u65bd\u3001\u5de5\u5382\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u53ca\u6751\u5e84\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e00\u6307\u793a\uff0c\u8fdc\u4e1c\u7a7a\u519b\u53ef\u7528\u6218\u529b\u7684\u76f8\u5f53\u90e8\u5206\u6295\u5165\u5230\u5bf9\u671d\u9c9c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u8f70\u70b8\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\uff08\u91d1\u6cf0\u5b87{\u97f3},2013,pp.291-303\uff1bFutrell,1983,p.221\uff09\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c11\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u9732\u9762\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u6700\u65b0\u5f0f\u201c\u7c73\u683c-15\u201d\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\u51fa\u51fb\u9891\u7387\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u8fdc\u4e1c\u7a7a\u519b\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5c06\u90e8\u5206\u6218\u529b\u5411\u9e2d\u7eff\u6c5f\u9644\u8fd1\u62d3\u5c55\u903c\u8fd1\uff08Futrell,1983,pp.222-228\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u652f\u63f4\u4e1c\u90e8\u6218\u7ebf\u5730\u9762\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u53ea\u80fd\u7531\u822a\u6bcd\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u6765\u62c5\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u652f\u63f4\u5728\u9547\u5357\u6d66\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u64a4\u9000\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8fdc\u4e1c\u6d77\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u7279\u7eb3\u00b7\u4e54\u4f0a\u5c06\u4f4d\u4e8e\u897f\u6d77\uff08\u534a\u5c9b\u897f\u90e8\u6d77\u57df\uff09\u7684\u822a\u6bcd\uff08\u82f1\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u201c\u5fd2\u4fee\u65af\u201d\u53f7{HMS Theseus}\u9664\u5916\uff09\u7d27\u6025\u8c03\u5f80\u4e1c\u6d77\uff08\u534a\u5c9b\u4e1c\u90e8\u6d77\u57df\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u822a\u6bcd\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u643a\u5e26\u51dd\u56fa\u6c7d\u6cb9\u5f39\u5728\u6218\u7ebf\u9644\u8fd1\u7a7a\u57df\u76d8\u65cb\u98de\u884c\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5730\u9762\u90e8\u961f\u8bf7\u6c42\u652f\u63f4\uff0c\u4fbf\u968f\u65f6\u5bf9\u76ee\u6807\u8fdb\u884c\u8f70\u70b8\u3002\u5728\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u7684\u731b\u70c8\u653b\u51fb\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5fd7\u613f\u519b\u635f\u5931\u60e8\u91cd\uff0c\u767d\u5929\u53ea\u80fd\u505c\u6b62\u8ffd\u51fb\uff0c\u5c31\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u9632\u5fa1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u519b\u987a\u5229\u64a4\u9000\u4e89\u53d6\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\uff08Cagle& Manson,1957\/2003,p.213\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u7684\u6709\u529b\u652f\u63f4\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9677\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u5fd7\u613f\u519b\u5c42\u5c42\u5305\u56f4\u7684\u7f8e\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u6218\u961f\u7b2c1\u5e08\u5f97\u4ee5\u8131\u9669\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u6218\u961f\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u5728\u53d1\u7ed9\u7b2c77\u673a\u52a8\u90e8\u961f\u53f8\u4ee4\u7684\u4fe1\u51fd\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u822a\u6bcd\u8230\u8f7d\u673a\u7684\u652f\u63f4\u8868\u793a\u611f\u8c22\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u822a\u7a7a\u652f\u63f4\uff0c\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u62181\u5e08\u6240\u5c5e\u7b2c1\u3001\u7b2c7\u56e2\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd9\u6837\u6574\u5efa\u5236\u7684\u6210\u529f\u7a81\u56f4\uff08Hallion,1986,p.84\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
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