{"id":42227,"date":"2024-11-23T12:28:15","date_gmt":"2024-11-23T04:28:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=42227"},"modified":"2024-11-24T10:24:15","modified_gmt":"2024-11-24T02:24:15","slug":"%e5%88%87%e6%a0%bc%e7%93%a6%e6%8b%89%e7%9a%84%e8%b4%a5%e7%bb%a9%e4%b8%8e%e9%a3%9f%e4%ba%ba%e6%9a%b4%e5%90%9b%e8%92%99%e5%8d%9a%e6%89%98%e7%9a%84%e7%af%a1%e4%bd%8d%ef%bc%9a%e5%88%9a%e6%9e%9c%e5%8d%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=42227","title":{"rendered":"\u5207\u683c\u74e6\u62c9\u7684\u8d25\u7ee9\u4e0e\u98df\u4eba\u66b4\u541b\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u7be1\u4f4d\uff1a\u521a\u679c\u5371\u673a"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"post_info\">\u6765\u6e90: \u71c3\u70e7\u7684\u5c9b\u7fa4\u00a0 \u00a0\u4f5c\u8005:\u65e0\u94ed<\/div>\n<div id=\"content\" class=\"post_content\" data-cover=\"\">\n<div class=\"post_body\">\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HFP\">\u201c\u521a\u679c\u81ea\u7531\u90a6\u201d\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1885 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src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F0701%2F5b0fef8aj00sfx76c000bd2006400a6g006400a6.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HFS\"><strong>\u56fe1. \u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u56fd\u738b\u5229\u5965\u6ce2\u5fb7\u4e8c\u4e16<\/strong>\u200d \u200d<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HFT\">\u5728\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u521a\u679c\u90e8\u5206\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5316\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u521a\u679c\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u548c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5316\u4e5f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u6c11\u65cf\u610f\u8bc6\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u521a\u679c\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u63a8\u52a8\u81ea\u6cbb\u5e76\u8fdb\u800c\u6f14\u5316\u6210\u547c\u5401\u72ec\u7acb\u3002\u521a\u679c\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u5e06\u98ce\u987a\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u548c\u56fd\u5185\u4e0d\u540c\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u90e8\u843d\u653f\u6cbb\u81f4\u4f7f\u7684\u4e0d\u56e2\u7ed3\u4f7f\u72ec\u7acb\u56f0\u96be\u91cd\u91cd\u3002\u521a\u679c\u7cbe\u82f1\u4eec\u6548\u4eff\u897f\u65b9\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u653f\u515a\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u4e09\u5927\u653f\u515a\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u521a\u679c\u72ec\u7acb\uff1a<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HFU\">ABAKO\uff08<strong>\u5df4\u5b54\u6208\u4eba\u8054\u76df\uff1b\u6cd5\u8bed\uff1aAlliance des Bakongo<\/strong>\uff09\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e 1950 \u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df4\u5b54\u6208\u4eba\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c\u7531\u7ea6\u745f\u592b-\u5361\u8428-\u6b66\u5e03\uff08<strong>Joseph Kasa-Vubu<\/strong>\uff09\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u521a\u679c\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u6c11\u9009\u603b\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HFV\">\u521a\u679c\u6c11\u65cf\u8fd0\u52a8\uff08<strong>MNC<\/strong>\uff09\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e 1958 \u5e74\uff0c\u5b83\u5021\u5bfc\u521a\u679c\u5b9e\u884c\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba9\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\u7acb\u5373\u64a4\u51fa\u3002\u8be5\u8fd0\u52a8\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u963f\u5c14\u8d1d-\u5361\u9686\u5409\u548c\u5e15\u7279\u91cc\u65af-\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u9886\u5bfc\u3002\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u521a\u679c\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u6c11\u9009\u603b\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HG0\">\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u90e8\u843d\u534f\u4f1a\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\uff08<strong>CANAKAT<\/strong>\uff09\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e 1958 \u5e74\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u4fdd\u62a4\u5bcc\u9976\u7684\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u7701\u3002\u8be5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4eb2\u897f\u65b9\uff0c\u7531\u83ab\u4f0a\u585e-\u51b2\u4f2f\uff08<strong>Mo\u00efse Tshombe<\/strong>\uff09\u548c\u6208\u5fb7\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7-\u7a46\u519c\u6208\uff08<strong>Godefroid Munongo<\/strong>\uff09\u9886\u5bfc\u3002\u8be5\u515a\u6d3e\u690d\u6839\u4e8e\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u7701\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53f3\u7ffc\u515a\u6d3e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u521a\u679c\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u4e8b\u52a1\u6f20\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u3002\u8be5\u515a\u6d3e\u540e\u6765\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u65e8\u5728\u8131\u79bb\u521a\u679c\u7684\u53db\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F0701%2F767e355fj00sfx76c0043d2006d009cg006d009c.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HG2\"><strong>\u56fe2. \u521a\u679c\u533a\u5212\u5730\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HG3\">1959 \u5e74 1 \u6708\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4ece\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u547c\u58f0\u53d8\u5f97\u5484\u5484\u903c\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6765\u81ea ABAKO \u7684\u6297\u8bae\u4e00\u53d1\u4e0d\u53ef\u6536\u62fe\uff0c\u6f14\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u573a\u8840\u8165\u9a9a\u4e71\uff0c\u5386\u65f6\u6570\u65e5\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u5e73\u606f\u3002\u9a9a\u4e71\u9020\u6210\u6570\u767e\u4eba\u4e27\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HG4\">\u8981\u6c42\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u547c\u58f0\u6fc0\u6012\u4e86\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u535a\u675c\u5b89\u56fd\u738b\u627f\u8bfa\u5c06\u7acb\u5373\u7ed9\u4e88\u521a\u679c\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u51b3\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u9c81\u83bd\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u6b21\u5e74\uff0c\u521a\u679c\u653f\u6cbb\u7cbe\u82f1\u5e94\u9080\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u5728\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u5706\u684c\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u521a\u679c\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8981\u6c42\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002\u4f1a\u8bae\u5546\u5b9a\u4e8e 1960 \u5e74 5 \u6708\u4e3e\u884c\u9009\u4e3e\uff0c\u521a\u679c\u4e8e 1960 \u5e74 6 \u6708\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F0701%2Fdb676852j00sfx76c000pd200490069g00490069.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HG6\"><strong>\u56fe3. \u7ea6\u745f\u592b-\u5361\u8428-\u6b66\u5e03\uff08Joseph Kasa-Vubu\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HG7\">\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u65b0\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u6210\u529f\u57285\u6708\u4e3e\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u521a\u679c\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u653f\u515a\u5206\u88c2\u3002ABAKO \u548c\u521a\u679c\u5168\u56fd\u8fd0\u52a8\u6253\u6210\u5e73\u624b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8fbe\u6210\u59a5\u534f\uff0c\u7ea6\u745f\u592b-\u5361\u8428-\u6b66\u5e03\uff08<strong>Joseph Kasa-Vubu<\/strong>\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u521a\u679c\u7684\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u5e15\u7279\u91cc\u65af-\u5362\u8499\u5df4\uff08<strong>Patrice Lumumba<\/strong>\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u521a\u679c\u9996\u4efb\u603b\u7406\u30021960 \u5e74 6 \u6708 30 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\u5e74\u5185\u7531\u5176\u638c\u7ba1\u521a\u679c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u767d\u4eba\u519b\u5b98\u7ee7\u7eed\u7559\u4efb\u3002\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u65e9\u5df2\u8ba4\u6e05\u4e86\u521a\u679c\u653f\u5e9c\u53ea\u80fd\u540c\u610f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5373\u5c06\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7ba1\u7406\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HG9\">\u521a\u679c\u72ec\u7acb\u65f6\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u521a\u679c\u56fd\u53ea\u6709 16 \u540d\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\uff0c\u603b\u7406\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7ba1\u7406\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u540c\u610f\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u522b\u65e0\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5728\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u56fd\u738b\u535a\u675c\u5b89\u5c06\u6743\u529b\u79fb\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5e15\u7279\u91cc\u65af-\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u521a\u679c\u519b\u961f\u611f\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6743\u5229\u88ab\u5265\u593a\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u767d\u4eba\u7684\u9644\u5eb8\uff0c\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u5728\u65b0\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGA\">\u968f\u7740\u8d85\u7ea7\u5927\u56fd\u4e89\u593a\u5728\u5317\u975e\u548c\u4e2d\u4e1c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u5c1a\u672a\u72ec\u7acb\u65f6\u7684\u6bd4\u5c5e\u521a\u679c\u5df2\u7136\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u6d32\u6218\u573a\u3002\u521a\u679c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u975e\u3001\u5357\u90e8\u975e\u6d32\u548c\u4e1c\u975e\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4e5d\u5757\u9886\u571f\u63a5\u58e4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u88ab\u6b96\u6c11\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u51b7\u6218\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u6d32\u548c\u4e9a\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u6700\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGB\">20 \u4e16\u7eaa 60 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7\u53e4\u5df4\u9769\u547d\u5411\u975e\u6d32\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u975e\u6d32\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u975e\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\u6ca6\u4e3a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6743\u7684\u56ca\u4e2d\u4e4b\u7269\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u521a\u679c\u5468\u8fb9\u6709\u4e5d\u4e2a\u65b0\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u800c\u6613\u4e3e\u5730\u5f81\u670d\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u5982\u679c\u521a\u679c\u6210\u4e3a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u5f71\u54cd\u6574\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGC\">\u7f8e\u56fd\u62c5\u5fc3\u82cf\u8054\u4f1a\u4ee5\u521a\u679c\u4e3a\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a7\u5236\u5317\u975e\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u975e\u6d32\u5927\u9646\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6297\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u62c5\u5fc3\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u5728 20 \u4e16\u7eaa 60 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u82cf\u8054\u548c\u521a\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f9b\u5e94\u94b4\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u82cf\u8054\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c\u800c\u521a\u679c\u53c8\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ece\u54ea\u91cc\u83b7\u5f97\u94b4\u5462\uff1f\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ecb\u5165\u521a\u679c\u5185\u6218\u4e5f\u662f\u963b\u6b62\u82cf\u8054\u5e72\u6d89\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGD\">\u521a\u679c\u62e5\u6709\u6781\u5176\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6218\u7565\u77ff\u4ea7\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u94b4\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u94dc\u3001\u94c0\uff08\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u7701\uff0c\u540e\u4f01\u56fe\u72ec\u7acb\uff09\u548c\u5de5\u4e1a\u7528\u94bb\u77f3\uff08\u5357\u5f00\u8d5b\u7701\uff0c\u540e\u4f01\u56fe\u72ec\u7acb\uff09\u77ff\u85cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u94bd\u3001\u9521\u548c\u950c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u968f\u7740\u51b7\u6218\u53cc\u65b9\u6838\u6b66\u5668\u3001\u5927\u70ae\u548c\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u94c0\u548c\u94b6\u94bd\u94c1\u77ff\u77f3\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u6700\u73cd\u8d35\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u521a\u679c\u62e5\u6709\u5730\u7403\u4e0a 64% \u7684\u94b6\u94bd\u94c1\u77ff\u77f3\u548c\u94c0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u82cf\u8054\u5bf9\u4e8e\u521a\u679c\u6709\u7740\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u96c6\u56e2\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u5174\u4e1a\u94f6\u884c\uff08<strong>Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9rale de Belgique<\/strong>\uff09\u53ca\u5176\u9644\u5c5e\u516c\u53f8\u63a7\u5236\u7740\u521a\u679c\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ea6 70% \u7684\u4efd\u989d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u77ff\u533a\uff0c\u8be5\u77ff\u533a\u7531\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6-\u82f1\u56fd\u5408\u8d44\u4f01\u4e1a<strong>Union Mini\u00e8re du Haut Katanga<\/strong>\u4e3b\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGE\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u751f\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6210\u7acb\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u5c31\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u91cd\u5927\u5371\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGF\">\u5c31\u5728\u5ba3\u5e03\u72ec\u7acb\u4e00\u5468\u540e\uff0c&#8221;\u516c\u5171\u90e8\u961f&#8221;\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u767d\u4eba\u6c11\u5175\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff09\u7684\u521a\u679c\u58eb\u5175\u53cd\u6297\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u8d77\u56e0\u662f\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u57c3\u7c73\u5c14-\u8ba9\u68ee\u65af\u5c06\u519b\u62d2\u7edd\u8ba9\u90e8\u961f\u4e2d\u7684\u521a\u679c\u6210\u5458\u664b\u5347\u548c\u52a0\u85aa\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F0701%2Fb5762f78j00sfx76d000vd2004e0069g004e0069.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGH\"><strong>\u56fe4. \u5e15\u7279\u91cc\u65af-\u5362\u8499\u5df4\uff08Patrice Lumumba\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGI\">\u8fd9\u6b21\u5175\u53d8\u5f88\u5feb\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u8be5\u56fd\u8de8\u8d8a\u79cd\u65cf\u754c\u9650\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u519b\u5b98\u88ab\u6740\uff0c\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\u672a\u7ecf\u521a\u679c\u65b0\u4efb\u603b\u7edf\u6216\u9996\u76f8\u6279\u51c6\uff0c\u5c31\u90e8\u7f72\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\u548c\u5e73\u5e76\u64a4\u79bb\u5176\u516c\u6c11\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGJ\">\u65b0\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u521a\u679c\u653f\u5e9c\u5411\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5bfb\u6c42\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\u56fd\u5bb6\u79e9\u5e8f\u5e76\u9a71\u9010\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u519b\u961f\u3002\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u519b\u961f\u64a4\u79bb\u4e86\u5728\u521a\u679c\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8d85\u8fc7 85 \u4e07\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u4eba\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u521a\u679c\u5371\u673a\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6b21\u66b4\u4e71\u4e2d\u65e5\u540e\u81ed\u540d\u662d\u8457\u7684\u8499\u535a\u6258\u664b\u5347\u4e0a\u6821\u5e76\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u5347\u67d0\u4e9b\u519b\u5b98\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6548\u5fe0\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGK\">\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u5411\u521a\u679c\u6700\u5bcc\u5eb6\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u6700\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u7701\u7701\u957f\u83ab\u4f0a\u5179-\u51b2\u4f2f\uff08<strong>Moise Tshombe<\/strong>\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u9664\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u519b\u961f\u7684\u6b66\u88c5\u3002\u5728\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u51b2\u4f2f\u5ba3\u5e03\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e 1960 \u5e74 7 \u670811\u65e5\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u96c7\u4f63\u519b\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGL\">\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6d3e\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u652f\u7ef4\u548c\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u62d2\u7edd\u5e72\u6d89\u521a\u679c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u5206\u79bb\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u5185\u90e8\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u8fd9\u8feb\u4f7f\u603b\u7406\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u5411\u82cf\u8054\u5bfb\u6c42\u5e2e\u52a9\u2014\u2014\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3e\u52a8\u6fc0\u6012\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u53ca\u5176\u897f\u65b9\u76df\u56fd\u5e0c\u671b\u521a\u679c\u65b0\u653f\u5e9c\u4eb2\u897f\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGM\">\u4e00\u5343\u540d\u82cf\u8054\u987e\u95ee\u7684\u5230\u6765\u4f7f\u5f97\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eb2\u897f\u65b9\u6210\u5458\u5f00\u59cb\u53d8\u5f97\u7d27\u5f20\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u62c5\u5fc3\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6076\u52a3\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ea6\u745f\u592b-\u5361\u8428-\u6b66\u5e03\u603b\u7edf\u548c\u5e15\u7279\u91cc\u65af-\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6076\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGN\">\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u521a\u679c\u519b\u961f\u5bf9\u5357\u5f00\u8d5b\u5730\u533a\u72ec\u7acb\u52bf\u529b\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u6210\u8bb8\u591a\u5e73\u6c11\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u7684\u5e73\u6c11\u9003\u79bb\u5bb6\u56ed\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGO\">\u7f8e\u56fd\u62c5\u5fc3\u521a\u679c\u4e0e\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u975e\u6d32\u8513\u5ef6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5e15\u7279\u91cc\u65af-\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u8d76\u4e0b\u53f0\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGP\">\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u9ed8\u8bb8\u4e0b\uff0c\u5361\u8428-\u6b66\u5e03\u5ba3\u5e03\u89e3\u9664\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u603b\u7406\u7684\u804c\u52a1\u3002\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u4e5f\u8bd5\u56fe\u53f7\u53ec\u7f62\u514d\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u9677\u5165\u50f5\u5c40\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u60c5\u62a5\u5c40\uff08CIA\uff09\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5728\u5185\u4e71\u4e2d\u9010\u6b65\u638c\u63e1\u6b66\u88c5\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u7ea6\u745f\u592b-\u5fb7\u897f\u96f7-\u8499\u535a\u6258\uff08<strong>Joseph-D\u00e9sir\u00e9 Mobutu<\/strong>\uff09\u5e76\u5bfb\u6c42\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u8499\u535a\u6258\u5728 1960 \u5e74 9 \u6708\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u672a\u6d41\u8840\u7684\u653f\u53d8\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u5185\u6218\u3002\u5728\u638c\u6743\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u519b\u4e8b\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u547d\u4ee4\u82cf\u8054\u987e\u95ee\u7acb\u5373\u79bb\u5f00\u8be5\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGQ\">\u88ab\u7f62\u514d\u7684\u603b\u7406\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u4ea4\u7531\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7ef4\u548c\u4eba\u5458\u8d1f\u8d23\u4fdd\u536b\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u88ab\u8f6f\u7981\u3002\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u88ab\u6355\u540e\uff0c\u5b89\u6258\u4e07-\u5409\u8d5e\u52a0\uff08<strong>Antoine Gizenga<\/strong>\uff09\u4e8e 1960 \u5e74 11 \u6708\u5728\u65af\u5766\u5229\u7ef4\u5c14\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53db\u4e71\u653f\u5e9c\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F0701%2F0bd958dbj00sfx76e0019d20069004gg0069004g.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGS\"><strong>\u56fe5. \u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u519b\u961f\u5728\u521a\u679c\u201c\u5e73\u53db\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGT\">\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u88ab\u514d\u804c\u540e\uff0c\u521a\u679c\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u5206\u79bb\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u5b50\u51b2\u4f2f\u901a\u8fc7\u8c08\u5224\u8fbe\u6210\u505c\u6218\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u51b2\u4f2f\u51fa\u8eab\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bcc\u88d5\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u7236\u4eb2\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u53ef\u89c2\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u8d44\u4ea7\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u56e0\u7ecf\u8425\u4e0d\u5584\u5f00\u59cb\u5012\u95ed\u540e\uff0c\u51b2\u4f2f\u8f6c\u800c\u6295\u8eab\u653f\u6cbb\u30021951 \u5e74\u81f3 1953 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u51e0\u4e2a\u5728\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u7701\u8bae\u4f1a\u4efb\u804c\u7684\u521a\u679c\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u30021959 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u6210\u4e3a\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u90e8\u65cf\u534f\u4f1a\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\uff08<strong>Conakat<\/strong>\uff09\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u8be5\u653f\u515a\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u51b2\u4f2f\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4&#8211;\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u9686\u8fbe\u4eba\uff08<strong>Lunda<\/strong>\uff09\u548c\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u77ff\u4e1a\u5784\u65ad\u96c6\u56e2\u4e0a\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u77ff\u4e1a\u8054\u76df\uff08<strong>Union Mini\u00e8re du Haut Katanga<\/strong>\uff09\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u63a7\u5236\u7740\u8be5\u7701\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u94dc\u77ff\u30021960 \u5e74\uff0c\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\u53ec\u5f00\u4f1a\u8bae\u8ba8\u8bba\u521a\u679c\u72ec\u7acb\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u51b2\u4f2f\u5728\u4f1a\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u79d1\u7eb3\u5361\u7279\u5173\u4e8e\u521a\u679c\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5373\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u677e\u6563\u7684\u534a\u81ea\u6cbb\u7701\u8054\u76df\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u51b2\u4f2f\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u7ea6\u745f\u592b-\u5361\u8428\u6b66\u5e03\uff08<strong>Jo<\/strong><strong>seph Kasavubu<\/strong>\uff09\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u8054\u90a6\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u90fd\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u5426\u51b3\uff0c\u800c\u5e15\u7279\u91cc\u65af-\u5362\u8499\u5df4\uff08<strong>Patrice Lumumba<\/strong>\uff09\u5219\u4e3b\u5f20\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u7684\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u3002\u57281960\u5e745\u6708\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5168\u56fd\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\uff0c\u79d1\u7eb3\u5361\u7279\u53ea\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u521a\u679c\u8bae\u4f1a137\u4e2a\u5e2d\u4f4d\u4e2d\u76848\u5e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u51b2\u4f2f\u7684\u653f\u515a\u53ca\u5176\u76df\u53cb\u5374\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u7701\u8bae\u4f1a\u7684\u591a\u6570\u5e2d\u4f4d\uff0c\u51b2\u4f2f\u6210\u4e3a\u8be5\u7701\u7684\u603b\u7edf\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u7684\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u4e24\u5468\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u516c\u5171\u90e8\u961f\uff08\u6c11\u5175\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u5175\u53d8\u65f6\uff0c\u51b2\u4f2f\u5ba3\u5e03\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u7701\u72ec\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGU\">\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u5728\u5176\u5fe0\u5b9e\u62e5\u62a4\u8005\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u9003\u8131\u4e86\u8f6f\u7981\uff0c\u9003\u5f80\u88ab\u53db\u519b\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u65af\u5766\u5229\u7ef4\u5c14\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e8e 1960 \u5e74 12 \u6708 1 \u65e5\u88ab\u4fd8\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u62bc\u5f80\u9996\u90fd\u83b1\u5965\u6ce2\u5fb7\u7ef4\u5c14\uff08\u4eca\u91d1\u6c99\u8428\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HGV\">12\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u5411\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5b89\u7406\u4f1a\u63d0\u6848\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u91ca\u653e\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u5e76\u7acb\u5373\u6062\u590d\u5176\u603b\u7406\u804c\u52a1\u3002 \u82cf\u8054\u8fd8\u8b66\u544a\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u90e8\u961f\u89e3\u9664\u6b66\u88c5\u3002\u63d0\u6848\u4ee58\u7968\u53cd\u5bf9\u30012\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u83b7\u5f97\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HH0\">\u51b3\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u540e\uff0c\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u4ecd\u7136\u906d\u53d7\u9177\u5211\u5e76\u88ab\u5e26\u5230\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4ed6\u88ab\u79fb\u4ea4\u7ed9\u51b2\u4f2f\u7684\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e 1961 \u5e74 1 \u6708 17 \u65e5\u88ab\u5904\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HH1\">\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u88ab\u5904\u51b3\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u548c\u4f26\u6566\u7b49\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5f3a\u70c8\u6297\u8bae\uff0c\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u9a7b\u5357\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u548c\u8d1d\u5c14\u683c\u83b1\u5fb7\u7684\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u4e5f\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u88ad\u51fb\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u5df2\u88ab\u5904\u51b3\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u91cd\u65b0\u4efb\u547d\u7684\u603b\u7edf\u5361\u8428-\u6b66\u5e03\u548c\u83ab\u4f0a\u585e-\u51b2\u4f2f\u672a\u80fd\u8fbe\u6210\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u519b\u4e0e\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u7701\u5206\u88c2\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u6218\u6597\u4ecd\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u30021961\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7ef4\u548c\u4eba\u5458\u88ab\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u90e8\u961f\u7ed1\u67b6\u5e76\u5173\u62bc\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HH2\">\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u57281961\u5e749\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u652f\u7ef4\u548c\u90e8\u961f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u52aa\u529b\u4fc3\u6210\u5404\u56fd\u8fbe\u6210\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u79d8\u4e66\u957f\u8fbe\u683c-\u54c8\u9a6c\u820d\u5c14\u5fb7\u5728\u524d\u5f80\u521a\u679c\uff08\u91d1\uff09\u65a1\u65cb\u8be5\u56fd\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u9014\u4e2d\u906d\u9047\u5760\u673a\uff0c\u673a\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed615\u540d\u4e58\u5ba2\u5168\u90e8\u9047\u96be\u3002\u8fbe\u683c-\u54c8\u9a6c\u820d\u5c14\u5fb7\u5728\u6b7b\u540e\u88ab\u8ffd\u6388\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u548c\u5e73\u5956\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u4f4d\u5728\u6b7b\u540e\u83b7\u5956\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u5760\u673a\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u5de7\u5f88\u96be\u4ee4\u4eba\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u52bf\u529b\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F0701%2Fcfd5d3cdj00sfx76e001id2004j0069g004j0069.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HH4\"><strong>\u56fe6. \u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u79d8\u4e66\u957f\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u4eba\u8fbe\u683c-\u54c8\u9a6c\u820d\u5c14\u5fb7\uff08Dag Hammarskj\u00f6ld\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HH5\">\u54c8\u9a6c\u820d\u5c14\u5fb7\u7684\u7ee7\u4efb\u8005\u5434\u4e39\u79d8\u4e66\u957f\u547d\u4ee4\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u90e8\u961f\u52a0\u5927\u5bf9\u521a\u679c\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u5a01\u6151\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u88ab\u4fd8\u7ef4\u548c\u4eba\u5458\u4e8e10\u6708\u83b7\u91ca\u3002\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u90e8\u961f\u4e0e\u521a\u679c\u519b\u961f\u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\u52a8\u8fdb\u653b\uff0c\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u7701\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HH6\">1963 \u5e74 1 \u6708\uff0c\u83ab\u4f0a\u585e-\u51b2\u4f2f\u6295\u964d\u5e76\u9003\u79bb\u521a\u679c\u3002\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u5206\u79bb\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HH7\">\u51b2\u7a81\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u5361\u8428-\u6b66\u5e03\u603b\u7edf\u4efb\u547d\u6d41\u4ea1\u7684\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u7701\u524d\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u83ab\u4f0a\u585e-\u51b2\u4f2f\uff08<strong>Mo\u00efse Tshombe<\/strong>\uff09\u4e3a\u4e34\u65f6\u603b\u7406\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5e73\u606f\u521a\u679c\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u60c5\u7eea\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HH8\">1963 \u5e74\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e2d\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u76ae\u57c3\u5c14-\u7a46\u83b1\u52d2\u8fd4\u56de\u521a\u679c\uff0c\u5411\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u4e3b\u4e49\u521a\u679c\u6c11\u65cf\u89e3\u653e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6bdb\u6d3e\u9769\u547d\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4ece 1964 \u5e74 1 \u6708\u8d77\uff0c\u7a46\u83b1\u52d2\u5728\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u594e\u5362\u7701\u9886\u5bfc\u8f9b\u5df4\u8d77\u4e49\u519b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u593a\u53d6\u4e86\u8be5\u7701\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6743\uff0c\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bdb\u6d3e\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8f9b\u5df4\u53db\u4e71\u7684\u66b4\u52a8\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u521a\u679c\u897f\u90e8\u3002\u6218\u58eb\u4eec\u81ea\u79f0 &#8220;\u8f9b\u5df4&#8221;\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u72ee\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F0701%2Fe271f2a2j00sfx76e0048d200bj007lg00bj007l.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHA\"><strong>\u56fe7.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHB\">\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5927\u56fd\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u53db\u519b\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\u521a\u679c\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5de5\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u6258\u592b-\u672c\u8036\uff08<strong>Christophe Gbenye<\/strong>\uff09\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u603b\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F0701%2Fdf3a809ej00sfx76f002xd200690069g00690069.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHD\"><strong>\u56fe8. 1964\u5e74\u6bd4\u5c5e\u521a\u679c\u7684\u53db\u4e71<\/strong>\u200d\u200d\u200d\u200d<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHE\">\u5766\u6851\u5c3c\u4e9a\u548c\u53e4\u5df4\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u53db\u519b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7531\u5207-\u683c\u74e6\u62c9\u7387\u9886\u7684 100 \u540d\u58eb\u5175\u3002\u8f9b\u5df4\u4eba\u8d77\u521d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u521a\u679c\u519b\u961f\u7684\u8fdb\u653b\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5438\u5f15\u5168\u7403\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u8f9b\u5df4\u4eba\u7ed1\u67b6\u4e86 500 \u591a\u540d\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4eba\u8d28\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u65af\u5766\u5229\u7ef4\u5c14\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u3002\u53db\u519b\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3e\u52a8\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u6d3e\u9063\u519b\u961f\u524d\u53bb\u89e3\u6551\u4eba\u8d28\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u9547\u538b\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHF\">\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\u968f\u540e\u4e0e\u51b2\u4f2f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u51b2\u4f2f\u7b54\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec4\u5efa\u7684\u767d\u4eba\u96c7\u4f63\u5175\u5373\u7b2c\u4e94\u7a81\u51fb\u961f\u8fdb\u884c\u6b64\u6b21\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHG\">1964 \u5e74 7 \u6708\uff0c\u6770\u91cc-\u666e\u4f26\uff08<strong>Jerry Puren\uff0c\u524d\u52a0\u4e39\u52a0\u7a7a\u519b\u96c7\u4f63\u519b\u519b\u5b98<\/strong>\uff09\u5e94\u521a\u679c\u603b\u7406\u83ab\u4f0a\u585e-\u51b2\u4f2f\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u62db\u52df\u96c7\u4f63\u519b\u652f\u6301\u521a\u679c\u519b\u961f\u3002\u5728\u5357\u975e\u3001\u5317\u7f57\u5f97\u897f\u4e9a\u548c\u5357\u7f57\u5f97\u897f\u4e9a\u90fd\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u62db\u52df\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u970d\u5c14\u5728\u5357\u975e\u7684\u300a\u7ea6\u7ff0\u5185\u65af\u5821\u661f\u62a5\u300b\u548c\u300a\u7d22\u5c14\u5179\u4f2f\u91cc\u62a5\u300b\uff08\u4eca\u6d25\u5df4\u5e03\u97e6\u54c8\u62c9\u96f7\uff09\u4e0a\u520a\u767b\u62a5\u7eb8\u5e7f\u544a\uff0c\u547c\u5401\u8eab\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u767d\u4eba\u7537\u5b50&#8221; &#8230;&#8230;\u6bcf\u5929\u80fd\u884c\u519b 20\u82f1\u91cc\uff0c\u559c\u6b22\u6218\u6597\uff0c&#8221;\u975e\u5e38\u6d6a\u6f2b &#8220;\u7684\u4eba\u52a0\u5165 5 \u7a81\u51fb\u961f\u3002\u519b\u58eb\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5de5\u8d44\u4e3a 400 \u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u519b\u5b98\u7684\u62a5\u916c\u4e3a\u6bcf\u6708 1100 \u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u8fd1\u4eb2\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97 19 000 \u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u8d54\u507f\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHH\">\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0a\uff0c5 \u7a81\u51fb\u961f\u5206\u4e3a 8 \u4e2a\u5c0f\u5206\u961f\uff0c\u4ee3\u53f7\u4e3a 51 \u81f3 58\u7a81\u51fb\u961f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5206\u961f\u6709 2 \u540d\u519b\u5b98\u548c 3 \u540d\u4e2d\u58eb\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c0f\u5206\u961f\u90fd\u662f\u52a0\u5f3a\u7684\u6392\u7ea7\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\u521a\u679c\u56fd\u6c11\u519b\u9996\u9886\u7ea6\u745f\u592b-\u8499\u535a\u6258\u5c11\u5c06\uff08<strong>Joseph Desire Mobutu<\/strong>\uff09\u5411\u80e1\u5c14\u4e0b\u8fbe\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u547d\u4ee4\u6307\u793a\u80e1\u5c14\uff1a<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHI\">1.) \u7acb\u5373\u5411\u5361\u7c73\u7eb3\u90e8\u7f72\u4e00\u4e2a 200 \u4eba\u7684\u8fde\uff0c\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u593a\u56de\u9a6c\u8bfa\u8bfa\u3001\u963f\u5c14\u8d1d\u7ef4\u5c14\u3001\u83f2\u9f50\u548c\u4e4c\u7ef4\u62c9\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHJ\">2.) \u6307\u5b9a 300 \u540d\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u7ec4\u6210 6 \u4e2a\u6392\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\u7684 6 \u4e2a\u673a\u52a8\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff1b<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHK\">3) \u6307\u6d3e 500 \u540d\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u4e0e\u975e\u6d32\u56fd\u6c11\u5927\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u593a\u56de\u65af\u5766\u5229\u7ef4\u5c14\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHL\">\u521d\u671f\uff0c5 \u7a81\u51fb\u961f\u9971\u53d7\u540e\u52e4\u843d\u540e\u548c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7eaa\u5f8b\u7684\u56f0\u6270\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u96c7\u4f63\u5175\u5230\u8fbe\u521a\u679c\u51e0\u5929\u540e\uff0c\u80e1\u5c14\u5bf9\u8f9b\u5df4\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u963f\u5c14\u8d1d\u7ef4\u5c14\u5e02\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4e24\u6b21\u8fdb\u653b\u5747\u88ab\u51fb\u9000\u3002\u88c5\u5907\u532e\u4e4f\u3001\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0d\u8db3\u548c\u519b\u9977\u4e0d\u5408\u89c4\u5b9a\u635f\u5bb3\u4e86\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u58eb\u6c14\uff0c\u90e8\u961f\u6700\u521d\u7684\u4f24\u4ea1\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\u30021964 \u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u521a\u679c\u653f\u5e9c\u6539\u5584\u4e86\u8d22\u653f\u548c\u540e\u52e4\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u800c\u80e1\u5c14\u5219\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u4e86\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5408\u9002\u7684\u58eb\u5175\u3002\u5230\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c5\u7a81\u51fb\u961f\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u7eaa\u5f8b\u95ee\u9898\u30021965 \u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u521a\u679c\u653f\u5e9c\u5df2\u5c06\u53db\u519b\u8d76\u51fa\u521a\u679c\u4e1c\u90e8\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4f46\u5c40\u52bf\u4ecd\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u30025 \u7a81\u51fb\u961f\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u8fb9\u5883\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u91cd\u5efa\u4ea4\u901a\u7ebf\u8def\u3001\u6e05\u9664\u5c0f\u80a1\u62b5\u6297\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u83f2\u9f50-\u5df4\u62c9\u5361\u548c\u4e4c\u74e6\u91cc\u5730\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHM\">5 \u7a81\u51fb\u961f\u4e0d\u65ad\u5f97\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e2d\u592e\u60c5\u62a5\u5c40\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\u884c\u52a8\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u5766\u5676\u5c3c\u5580\u6e56\u4e0a\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u65af\u5a01\u592b\u7279\u5feb\u8247\u5e76\u4e3a\u5176\u914d\u5907\u8239\u5458\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8239\u53ea\u7528\u4e8e\u652f\u63f4 5 \u7a81\u51fb\u961f\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u7531 5 \u7a81\u51fb\u961f\u6307\u6325\uff09\uff0c\u8239\u5458\u662f\u7531\u4e2d\u592e\u60c5\u62a5\u5c40\uff08CIA\uff09\u62db\u52df\u5e76\u652f\u4ed8\u62a5\u916c\u7684\u8fc8\u963f\u5bc6-\u53e4\u5df4\u53cd\u5361\u65af\u7279\u7f57\u4eba\u5458\u3002\u8fc8\u514b-\u80e1\u5c14\uff08<strong>Mike Hoare<\/strong>\uff09\u548c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u7ea6\u7ff0-\u5f7c\u5f97\u65af\uff08<strong>John Peters<\/strong>\uff09\u4e0e\u4e2d\u60c5\u5c40\u521a\u679c\u7ad9\u7ad9\u957f\u62c9\u91cc-\u5fb7\u592b\u6797\uff08<strong>Larry Devlin<\/strong>\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9891\u7e41\u4f1a\u6664\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6218\u672f\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 F-250 \u5361\u8f66\u548c 7 \u5428\u8f7d\u8d27\u6c7d\u8f66\u4f9b\u96c7\u4f63\u519b\u4f5c\u6218\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHN\">\u8f9b\u5df4\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6700\u7ec8\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96c7\u4f63\u5175\u7684\u6253\u51fb\u4e0b\u571f\u5d29\u74e6\u89e3\uff0c\u88ab\u6253\u6563\u6210\u5c0f\u5757\u5206\u5272\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u8fde\u524d\u6765\u652f\u63f4\u7684\u5207\u683c\u74e6\u62c9\u4e5f\u5dee\u70b9\u88ab\u4fd8\u864f\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u8feb\u9003\u4ea1\u5766\u6851\u5c3c\u4e9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHO\">\u9547\u538b\u53db\u4e71\u540e\uff0c1965 \u5e74 3 \u6708\u4e3e\u884c\u4e86\u9009\u4e3e\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb\u5206\u6b67\u548c\u79cd\u65cf\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u51b2\u4f2f\u7684\u653f\u515a\u4e0e\u5361\u8428-\u6b66\u5e03\u603b\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u518d\u6b21\u9677\u5165\u50f5\u5c40\u3002\u5361\u8428-\u6b66\u5e03\u975e\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u59a5\u534f\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u89e3\u9664\u4e86\u51b2\u4f2f\u7684\u603b\u7406\u804c\u52a1\uff0c\u4efb\u547d\u57c3\u74e6\u91cc\u65af\u7279-\u91d1\u5df4\uff08<strong>\u00c9variste Kimba<\/strong>\uff09\u4e3a\u603b\u7406\uff1b\u5386\u53f2\u518d\u6b21\u91cd\u6f14\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHP\">1965 \u5e74 11 \u6708\uff0c\u519b\u961f\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u8499\u535a\u6258\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e0d\u6d41\u8840\u653f\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\u4ed6\u662f\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u5de9\u56fa\u4e86\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u627f\u8bfa\u5728\u4e94\u5e74\u5185\u6062\u590d\u6c11\u9009\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u663e\u7136\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8f7b\u6613\u653e\u5f03\u6743\u529b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"2QVQ9HHQ\">\u653f\u575b\u4e0a\u6478\u722c\u6eda\u6253\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u7684\u5361\u8428-\u5e03\u6b66\u81f3\u6b64\u88ab\u8d76\u56de\u4ed6\u4e0b\u521a\u679c\u7684\u8001\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e00\u671d\u56de\u5230\u89e3\u653e\u524d\u3002\u56db\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u5e74\u4ec5\u4e94\u5341\u4f59\u5c81\u7684\u5361\u8428-\u5e03\u6b66\u7a81\u53d1\u8111\u6ea2\u8840\u6b7b\u4e8e\u5bb6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img 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