{"id":42289,"date":"2024-09-23T08:44:22","date_gmt":"2024-09-23T00:44:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=42289"},"modified":"2024-09-23T08:44:22","modified_gmt":"2024-09-23T00:44:22","slug":"%e6%9c%80%e8%91%97%e5%90%8d%e8%97%8f%e5%9c%b0%e6%b8%b8%e5%ae%a2%ef%bc%8c%e7%99%be%e5%b9%b4%e4%b8%ad%e5%a4%96%e6%97%85%e8%a1%8c%e8%80%85%e7%9a%84%e8%a5%bf%e8%97%8f%e8%ae%b0%e5%bf%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=42289","title":{"rendered":"\u6700\u8457\u540d\u85cf\u5730\u6e38\u5ba2\uff0c\u767e\u5e74\u4e2d\u5916\u65c5\u884c\u8005\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u8bb0\u5fc6"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"post_info\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F4f6b62e4j00qbvp51009jd200l300txg00it00qo.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/div>\n<div id=\"content\" class=\"post_content\" data-cover=\"\">\n<div class=\"post_body\">\n<p>\u6728\u96c5\u5c97\u560e 1929\u5e74<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u85cf\u5730\u65c5\u884c\u8005<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u56de\u6eaf\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u66fe\u6709\u65e0\u6570\u4e2d\u5916\u65c5\u884c\u5bb6\u8e0f\u8db3\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7247\u5e7f\u88a4\u65e0\u57a0\u7684\u9ad8\u539f\u8179\u5730\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e0e\u6444\u5f71\u5c06\u65c5\u884c\u89c1\u95fb\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u85cf\u5730\u65c5\u884c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u5370\u8bc1\u3002318\u65c5\u884c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7504\u9009\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u516d\u4f4d\u8457\u540d\u65c5\u884c\u8005\u7684\u6e38\u8bb0\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5c55\u9648\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u7ebf\u4e0a\u5c55\u89c8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u540c\u6b65\u5206\u4eab\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u72b9\u5982\u65c5\u884c\u5bb6\u5df4\u8003\u6240\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u8bfb\u8005\u80fd\u7a7f\u8d8a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u201d 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Huc\uff0c1813\u20141860\uff09\uff0c\u751f\u4e8e\u5854\u5c14\u7eb3-\u52a0\u9f99(Tarn-et-Garonne)\uff0c\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u3001\u65c5\u6e38\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3001\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u9063\u4f7f\u795e\u7236\uff0c\u662f\u7ee7\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u4eba\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u66fc\u5b81\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9996\u4f4d\u5230\u8bbf\u62c9\u8428\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e4\u4f2f\u5bdf\u4e8e1836\u5e74\u5165\u6cd5\u56fd\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u9063\u4f7f\u4f1a\uff08Congregatio Missionis\uff09\uff0c1841\u5e74\u5230\u8499\u53e4\u5730\u533a\u4f20\u6559\u30021844\u5e74\uff0c\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u9063\u4f7f\u4f1a\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u79e6\u5676\u54d4(Joseph Gabet, 1808\u20141853)\u4e00\u8d77\u6df7\u5165\u5546\u961f\uff0c\u81f31846\u5e74\u521d\u62b5\u8fbe\u897f\u85cf\u62c9\u8428\u30021852\u5e74\u56de\u5230\u6cd5\u56fd\u30021853\u5e74\u9000\u51fa\u4fee\u4f1a\uff0c\u540e\u901d\u4e16\u4e8e\u5df4\u9ece\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Fcb342e97j00qbvp520061d200u000njg00g200cl.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u53e4\u4f2f\u5bdf\u65c5\u884c\u5730\u56fe<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u6cd5\u56fd\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5df4\u9ece\u5916\u65b9\u4f20\u6559\u4f1a\uff08Missions Etrang\u00e8res deParis\uff09\u897f\u85cf\u6559\u533a\u6234\u9ad8\u4e39\uff08AugusteDesgodins, 1826\u20141913\uff09\u795e\u7236\u5bf9\u5176\u65c5\u884c\u7684\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ece\u62c9\u8428\u81f3\u6253\u7bad\u7089\u7684\u884c\u7a0b\u5171\u8ba1 85 \u5929\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ece\u5bdf\u6728\u591a\uff08\u660c\u90fd\uff09\u81f3\u6253\u7bad\u7089\u7684\u5eb7\u85cf\u8def\u6bb5\u5171\u884c\u8d7034\u5929\uff0c\u4e2d\u9014\u5171\u4f11\u606f15\u5929\u30021846\u5e742\u670826\u65e5\u79bb\u5f00\u62c9\u8428\uff0c\u6cbf\u5ddd\u85cf\u5b98\u9053\u5357\u8def\uff0c\u9014\u7ecf\u5eb7\u85cf\u8179\u5730\u5bdf\u6728\u591a\u3001\u4e4d\u4e2b\uff08\u5bdf\u96c5\u53bf\uff09\u3001\u6c5f\u5361\uff08\u8292\u5eb7\u53bf\uff09\u3001\u5df4\u5858\u3001\u7406\u5858\u3001\u96c5\u6c5f\u7b49\u5730\uff0c\u4e8e6\u6708\u521d\u5230\u8fbe\u51fa\u5165\u5eb7\u85cf\u7684\u201c\u95e8\u6237\u201d\u6253\u7bad\u7089\uff08\u5eb7\u5b9a\uff09\uff0c\u4e34\u8fd1\u6253\u7bad\u7089\u65f6\uff0c\u53e4\u4f2f\u5bdf\u611f\u53f9\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u6761\u4ee4\u4eba\u8c08\u864e\u8272\u53d8\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u4e4b\u8def\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u4e0e\u5176\u4e2d\u6bb5\u548c\u5f00\u59cb\u9636\u6bb5\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5f92\u52b3\u5730\u7ffb\u8d8a\u5927\u5c71\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u53c8\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u5927\u5c71\u77d7\u7acb\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u5927\u5c71\u59cb\u7ec8\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u9762\u8c8c\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u8986\u76d6\u5927\u96ea\u548c\u904d\u5e03\u6df1\u58d1\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u9791\u977c\u897f\u85cf\u65c5\u884c\u8bb0\u300b1853<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F5ff62f28j00qbvp520047d200e300m8g00g200pc.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u9791\u977c\u897f\u85cf\u65c5\u884c\u8bb0\u300b\u63d2\u56fe 1852\u5e74\u7248<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Fe7390e46j00qbvp53006nd200u0013rg00g200l9.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u72ec\u89d2\u517d\u51fa\u81ea\u53e4\u4f2f\u5bdf\u7684\u9791\u977c\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\uff0c\u6c49\u5730\u65c5\u884c\u8bb0\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u672c\uff0c\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F4f287ba3j00qbvp530090d200u000veg00it00jo.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1852\u5e74\u7248\u300a\u9791\u977c\u897f\u85cf\u65c5\u884c\u8bb0\u300b\u63d2\u56fe<\/p>\n<p>1844-1846\u5e74\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6e38\u5386\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u53e4\u4f2f\u5bdf\u5bf9\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u3001\u85cf\u4eba\u548c\u6c49\u4eba\u7684\u89c1\u95fb\u4ee4\u4ed6\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u95fb\u540d\uff0c\u8457\u6709\u300a\u9791\u977c\u897f\u85cf\u65c5\u884c\u8bb0\u300b\uff08Souvenird\u2019un Voyage dans la Tartarie et le Tibet pendant les Annees 1844, 1845et 1846\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u98ce\u884c\u4e00\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6cb3\u53e3\u6167\u6d77<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ekai Kawaguchi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F1253a03dj00qbvp54004nd200lp00xcg00it00sw.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6cb3\u53e3\u6167\u6d77\u79bb\u5f00\u65e5\u672c\u524d<\/p>\n<p>\u6cb3\u53e3\u6167\u6d77\uff081866\u20141945\uff09\uff0c\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u5927\u962a\u583a\u5e02\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u5320\u5bb6\u5ead\u3002\u5c11\u5e74\u65f6\u5728\u79c1\u587e\u5b66\u4e60\u5112\u5b66\u300223\u5c81\u65f6\u8fdb\u5165\u4f5b\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e95\u4e0a\u5706\u4e86\u7684\u201c\u54f2\u5b66\u9986\u201d\u300225\u5c81\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u4e1c\u4eac\u4e94\u767e\u7f57\u6c49\u5bfa\u5243\u5ea6\u4e3a\u50e7\uff0c\u53d6\u6cd5\u540d\u201c\u6167\u6d77\u201d\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u51fa\u4efb\u8be5\u5bfa\u4f4f\u6301\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u7814\u8bfb\u300a\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ffd\u6c42\u6bd4\u6c49\u8bd1\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u66f4\u53e4\u8001\u3001\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u68b5\u85cf\u7ecf\u6587\uff0c\u53d1\u613f\u5165\u85cf\u6c42\u7ecf\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Fb330481bj00qbvp54005bd200u000o0g00it00f1.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6cb3\u53e3\u6167\u6d77 \u8def\u7ebf\u5730\u56fe<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F15a164f4j00qbvp54002yd200rs00ibg00it00ce.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6cb3\u53e3\u6167\u6d77\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u62a4\u7167\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u5c06\u6765\u8fd4\u56de\u897f\u85cf<\/p>\n<p>1897\u5e74\uff0c32\u5c81\u7684\u6cb3\u53e3\u4ece\u795e\u6237\u6e2f\u4e58\u4e0a\u201c\u548c\u6cc9\u201d\u53f7\u8f6e\u8239\uff0c\u8e0f\u4e0a\u4e86\u8d74\u85cf\u4e4b\u8def\u3002\u4ed6\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u7ecf\u7531\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u5c3c\u6cca\u5c14\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u559c\u9a6c\u62c9\u96c5\u5c71\u5165\u85cf\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u4e8e1900\u5e74\u8fdb\u5165\u897f\u85cf\u5883\u5185\u30021901\u5e74\uff0c\u62b5\u8fbe\u62c9\u8428\uff0c\u540e\u5165\u8272\u62c9\u5bfa\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u671f\u95f4\u904d\u8bbf\u5723\u5730\uff0c\u6c42\u6cd5\u95ee\u9053\u30021902\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u7528\u4e24\u5339\u9a6c\u9a6e\u4e0a\u641c\u96c6\u6765\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7ecf\u5377\uff0c\u7ecf\u6c5f\u5b5c\u5357\u4e0b\uff0c\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u62c9\u8428\u30021903\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e26\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u6536\u96c6\u6765\u7684\u68b5\u85cf\u4f5b\u6559\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u8e0f\u4e0a\u4e86\u9614\u522b\u516d\u5e74\u7684\u6545\u4e61\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u76db\u5927\u6b22\u8fce\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1904\u5e74\uff0c\u6cb3\u53e3\u6167\u6d77\u524d\u5f80\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e00\u8fb9\u7814\u7a76\u68b5\u6587\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u4e00\u8fb9\u5728\u5404\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u4f5b\u8ff9\u30021913\u5e74\uff0c\u4ece\u52a0\u5c14\u5404\u7b54\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5165\u85cf\u4e4b\u65c5\u30021914\u5e74\u8fdb\u5165\u897f\u85cf\u5883\u5185\uff0c1915\u5e744\u6708\u4ece\u65e5\u5580\u5219\u8e0f\u4e0a\u4e86\u5f52\u7a0b\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u79bb\u85cf\u8def\u7ebf\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4e0e\u8fdb\u85cf\u8def\u7ebf\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4ece\u65e5\u5580\u5219\u3001\u5c97\u5df4\uff0c\u9014\u7ecf\u9521\u91d1\uff0c\u4e8e5\u6708\u62b5\u8fbe\u5927\u5409\u5cad\uff0c9\u6708\u62b5\u8fbe\u65e5\u672c\u795e\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F4f8c7b25j00qbvp55003wd200k900ntg00g200iv.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7a7f\u85cf\u5f0f\u50e7\u670d\u505a\u6cd5\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F534ac59dj00qbvp550031d200u0011fg00it00ng.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4e1c\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u85cf\u300a\u897f\u85cf\u65c5\u884c\u8bb0\u300b\u5185\u9875<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd4\u56de\u65e5\u672c\u540e\uff0c\u6cb3\u53e3\u6167\u6d77\u57cb\u5934\u4e8e\u5bf9\u68b5\u3001\u85cf\u6587\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u6574\u7406\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u5e76\u62db\u6536\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u6559\u6388\u85cf\u8bed\u30021945\u5e742\u670824\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u4e1c\u4eac\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u4eab\u5e7480\u5c81\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u8fdb\u5165\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u662f20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u671f\u8bf8\u591a\u5916\u56fd\u5165\u85cf\u8005\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u9887\u5177\u4e16\u754c\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u85cf\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5148\u9a71\u3002\u6cb3\u53e3\u6167\u6d77\u57281903\u5e74\u8fd4\u56de\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u968f\u5373\u5728\u62a5\u4e0a\u8fde\u8f7d\u4ed6\u7684\u968f\u884c\u6240\u89c1\u6240\u95fb\uff0c1904\u5e74\u66f4\u4ee5\u300a\u897f\u85cf\u65c5\u884c\u8bb0\u300b\u4e4b\u540d\u51fa\u7248\uff0c1909\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u5c06\u5168\u4e66\u4eb2\u81ea\u8bd1\u4e3a\u82f1\u6587\u300a\u897f\u85cf\u4e09\u5e74\u8bb0\u300b (ThreeYears In Tibet)\uff0c\u98ce\u884c\u4e00\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F4d749fcej00qbvp550041d200u000cug00it0081.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u897f\u85cf\u559c\u9a6c\u62c9\u96c5\u5c71\u8109\u7684\u7f8e\u4e3d\u98ce\u666f\/\u8fa9\u7ecf\/\u591c\u7a7a\u4e0e\u96ea\u8c79<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6211\u7ee7\u7eed\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u665a\u4e0a\u5927\u7ea6\u4e03\u70b9-\u90a3\u5929\u6211\u8d70\u4e86\u5927\u7ea627\u82f1\u91cc-\u4f46\u6211\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4e00\u6ef4\u6c34\uff0c\u6211\u611f\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u67af\u840e\u4e86\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u6211\u7684\u7ef5\u7f8a\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u957f\u7740\u4e00\u4e9b\u7eff\u8349\uff0c\u4f9b\u4ed6\u4eec\u653e\u7267\u3002\u90a3\u5929\u665a\u4e0a\u6211\u7761\u89c9\u524d\u6ca1\u559d\u8336\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6ca1\u559d\u8336\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5373\u4f7f\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\u4e5f\u4e60\u60ef\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u771f\u662f\u592a\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u90a3\u5929\u665a\u4e0a\u6211\u7761\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u897f\u85cf\u4e09\u5e74\u8bb0\u300b1909<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u96c5\u514b\u00b7\u5df4\u8003<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Jacques Bacot<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F8713b1e0j00qbvp56003pd200u000lhg00it00dg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u96c5\u514b\u00b7\u5df4\u8003\uff08Jacques Bacot\uff09\u5728\u5eb7\uff08kham\uff09\u5199\u7530\u91ce\u7b14\u8bb0 1907-10\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>\u96c5\u514b\u00b7\u5df4\u8003\uff08Jacques Bacot\uff09\uff081877\u20131965\uff09\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u5b66\u8005\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u85cf\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u662f\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u4eba\u79cd\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u66fe\u4efb\u6559\u4e8e\u5df4\u9ece\u9ad8\u7b49\u5b9e\u8df5\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u9662\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F2bb1ded2j00qbvp56005jd200u0015xg00it00q9.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5df4\u8003\u65c5\u884c\u5730\u56fe<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Fe4eda7c5j00qbvp560047d200u000mig00it00e3.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5df4\u8003\u5728\u5eb7\u533a\u62cd\u6444\u7684\u6587\u672c<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u4e8e1906\u5e7411\u6708\u79bb\u5f00\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c1907\u5e743\u6708\u5230\u8fbe\u4e91\u5357\u5927\u7406\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u524d\u5f80\u897f\u85cf\u4e1c\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b64\u72ec\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u65c5\u884c\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u966a\u540c\u4e0b\u6cbf\u7740\u6e44\u516c\u6cb3\u5411\u5317\u8d70\u3002\u5df4\u8003\u50cf\u671d\u5723\u8005\u4e00\u6837\u6cbf\u7740\u671d\u5723\u4e4b\u65c5\u7684\u8db3\u8ff9\uff0c\u4ed6\u611f\u5230\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5206\u4eab\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e2d\u5199\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u611f\u60f3\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u8bfb\u8005\u80fd\u7a7f\u8d8a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56de\u5230\u6cd5\u56fd\u540e\u7684\u5df4\u8003\uff0c\u5185\u5fc3\u4e00\u76f4\u60e6\u8bb0\u7740\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u8fdc\u4e1c\u3002\u57281909\u5e74\u81f31910\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u5df4\u8003\u518d\u6b21\u5728\u5eb7\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u65c5\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\u4ed6\u7740\u91cd\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5eb7\u533a\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u6781\u5927\u5730\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u85cf\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4ed6\u8d70\u904d\u4e86\u65b0\u9f99\uff0c\u5e76\u6cbf\u7740\u5df4\u5858\u5317\u90e8\u524d\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u65c5\u884c\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u7684\u5b9e\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u5236\u56fe\u5b66\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u65cf\u4e5f\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u5982\u7eb3\u897f\u65cf\u3001\u6469\u68ad\u65cf\u3001\u5f5d\u65cf\u3001\u8bfa\u82cf\u65cf\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F35e9edabj00qbvp57001vd200jv00cyg00g200ag.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u76d0\uff0c\u901a\u5f80\u897f\u85cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\uff08\uff09\uff0cYerkalo\uff08Tsha kha lho\uff09\uff0cZla Chu\uff08\uff1b\u6e44\u516c\u6cb3\uff09\uff0c1907\u5e747\u6708<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F684808f5j00qbvp57002jd200jv00fgg00it00em.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1907\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u4e91\u5357\u897f\u5317\u90e8\u7684Khawakarpo\uff08\uff09\u5c0f\u5f84\u4e0a\u7684\u671d\u5723\u8005<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Fc99c041ej00qbvp570021d200jv00hzg00it00h0.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1909\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u4e0e\u897f\u85cf\u540c\u4f34\u548c\u4e2d\u540e\u65b9Adrup Gonp\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5728\u56db\u5ddd\u897f\u5317\u90e8\u5eb7\u5df4\u5ddeNyakrong\uff08\uff09Nyag Chu\u8c37\u7684\u4e00\u7247\u8349\u5730\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5df4\u8003\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u89c6\u5f53\u5730\u6587\u5316\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u505a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ed6\u6f5c\u5fc3\u8ddf\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u82ef\u6559\u5587\u561b\u5b66\u4e60\u85cf\u6587\uff0c\u5b66\u6210\u540e\u56de\u5230\u6cd5\u56fd\u6295\u8eab\u4e8e\u85cf\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u85cf\u6587\u6559\u5b66\uff0c\u4ed6\u8eab\u4e0a\u6240\u7279\u6709\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u548c\u94bb\u7814\u7cbe\u795e\u65e0\u7591\u4f7f\u5df4\u8003\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6cd5\u56fd\u85cf\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5f00\u62d3\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Fc8e8cef4j00qbvp57006od200u000rwg00it00hh.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Mani pa\u548c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u5728Kham\uff0c1907\u5e74<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F1b39b3d1j00qbvp58004fd200u000rcg00it00h4.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1909\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u56db\u5ddd\u897f\u5317\u90e8\u5eb7\u5df4\u7684Tchangou\u5bfa\u5e99<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F6d480440j00qbvp580063d200u001a2g00it00sv.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5df4\u8003\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u9ad8\u7b49\u5b9e\u8df5\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u9662\uff0c1938<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u4f7f\u66fe\u7ecf\u5230\u8fc7\u5b83\u7684\u4eba\u603b\u662f\u518d\u56de\u5230\u90a3\u4e2a\u964c\u751f\u56fd\u5bb6\uff1f\u4e3a\u4e86\u627e\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u5c71\u8109\u548c\u4eba\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u7a7f\u8d8a\u6d77\u6d0b\uff0c\u7a7f\u8d8a\u6574\u4e2a\u738b\u56fd\uff0c\u9a86\u9a7c\u548c\u9aa1\u7684\u7f13\u6162\u6b65\u4f10\u904d\u53ca\u6574\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u5230\u8fbe\u51b0\u5c01\u7684\u8352\u6f20\uff0c\u8352\u6f20\u5982\u6b64\u4e4b\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u518d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5730\u7403\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u9ad8\u7b49\u5b9e\u8df5\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u9662\u671f\u520a\u300b1968<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Alexandra David-N\u00e9el<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F89637074j00qbvp58003ld200u0019mg00it00sl.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\u542f\u7a0b\u56de\u5230\u62c9\u8428 1925\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\uff08Alexandra David-N\u00e9el\uff0c1868\uff0d1969\uff09\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u5df4\u9ece\u90ca\u533a\u5723\u66fc\u5fb7\uff0c\u7ae5\u5e74\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u548c\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u5ea6\u8fc7\uff0c\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u88ab\u5979\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6545\u4e61\u201d\u3002\u5979\u4ece\u9752\u5e74\u65f6\u4ee3\u8d77\u5c31\u8ba1\u5212\u7740\u5c06\u6765\u5728\u8fdc\u4e1c\u7684\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u5c81\u65f6\uff0c\u5979\u524d\u5f80\u82f1\u56fd\u4f26\u6566\u6c42\u5b66\uff0c\u82e6\u5b66\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u82f1\u8bed\u662f\u53bb\u8fdc\u4e1c\u65c5\u884c\u8def\u4e0a\u5fc5\u5907\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u4ece\u82f1\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u56de\u6765\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e60\u68b5\u6587\uff0c\u5e08\u4ece\u6cd5\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u5bb6\u5e2d\u5c14\u5b9b\u00b7\u5217\u7ef4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4e1c\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5409\u7f8e\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u4e00\u751f\u6f02\u6cca\u65e0\u5b9a\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u4ece1891\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5979\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u5927\u5b66\u7b49\u6cd5\u56fd\u9ad8\u7b49\u5b66\u5e9c\u7684\u5b66\u4e1a\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u548c\u7a81\u5c3c\u65af\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F6b88f716j00qbvp59000rd2008w00amg00g200j5.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u65f6\u4ee3\u7167\u7247 1898\u5e74<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Fe6734d4ap00qbvp5900q1d200u000mlg00it00e5.png&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5fb7\u62c9\u00b7\u5927\u536b\u00b7\u5c3c\u5c14\uff08Alexandra David-Neel\uff09\u5728\u4ece1921\u5e74\u52301924\u5e74\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u624b\u5199\u5730\u56fe<\/p>\n<p>1914\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u57281916\u5e74\u672a\u7ecf\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u7684\u5141\u8bb8\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u897f\u85cf\uff0c\u5230\u8fbe\u65e5\u5580\u5219\uff0c\u518d\u4ece\u5370\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\u53bb\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u3002\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u6ca1\u6709\u505c\u6b62\u5979\u7684\u811a\u6b65\uff0c\u5979\u4ece\u65e5\u672c\u6765\u5230\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u53bb\u4e86\u5854\u5c14\u5bfa\u3002\u4ece1918\u5e74\u52301921\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u5979\u5728\u5854\u5c14\u5bfa\u5446\u4e86\u6574\u657432\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u5750\u7985\u3001\u716e\u8336\u3001\u8bfb\u7ecf\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u8fc7\u7740\u85cf\u5f0f\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u51c6\u5907\u7740\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u5165\u897f\u85cf\u8179\u5730\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F291f196ej00qbvp59003ud200u000n5g00g200cd.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u65c5\u884c\u624b\u5199\u65e5\u8bb0<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Fa22dd0fdj00qbvp5a000pd200ec00d1g00g200el.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e5d\u4e16\u73ed\u7985\u5587\u561b\u548c\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u6cd5\u6587\u7248\u62c9\u8428\u5386\u9669\u8bb0<\/p>\n<p>1923\u5e74\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u8d74\u62c9\u8428\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u4f5c\u597d\u4e86\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5979\u5df2\u7ecf55\u5c81\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df4\u9ece\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u62c9\u8428\u5386\u9669\u8bb0\u300b\u5c31\u51fa\u81ea\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u8d9f\u65c5\u7a0b\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u65e5\u8bb0\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u4e0e\u5979\u540c\u884c\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\u5f53\u65f624\u5c81\u7684\u4e49\u5b50\u5eb8\u767b\u3002\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u4e54\u88c5\u6210\u671d\u5723\u7684\u85cf\u65cf\u5973\u5b50\uff0c\u7528\u77f3\u58a8\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5934\u53d1\u76ae\u80a4\u67d3\u9ed1\uff0c\u81ea\u6b64\u4e24\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4f20\u5947\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Ffe3bad95j00qbvp5a003kd200u000k8g00fz00ar.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1914\u5e74\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u5728\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F18ff88c1j00qbvp5a0025d200dw00jgg00g200mh.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u9a91\u5728\u7266\u725b\u4e0a \u897f\u85cf, 1924\u5e74<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Fb9817bbdj00qbvp5a004rd200m200qog00it00mq.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u4e1c\u90e8 1921\u5e74<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Ff685850cj00qbvp5a002ud200dw00ogg00g200s9.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u4e1c\u90e8\u65c5\u884c 1921\u5e74<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F303b650bj00qbvp5b0048d200kt00qog00it00o3.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u4e1c\u90e8\u65c5\u884c 1921\u5e74<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F3bc7bbb9p00qbvp5b015wd200nm00vrg00it00pa.png&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u5feb\u5230\u62c9\u8428\u8fb9\u5883 1925\u5e74<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Fd9e3d1c9j00qbvp5c003zd200u000jsg00it00ce.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u548c\u5eb8\u767b\u62c9\u8428\u5e03\u8fbe\u62c9\u5bab\u524d 1924\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>\u4e24\u4eba\u5148\u5230\u4e86\u6210\u90fd\uff0c\u518d\u4ece\u4e91\u5357\u4e3d\u6c5f\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6e21\u8fc7\u4e86\u6f9c\u6ca7\u6c5f\uff0c\u6012\u6c5f\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u8fea\u5e86\uff0c\u7ffb\u8fc7\u8272\u4f2f\u5eb7\u5c71\u53e3\uff0c\u96c5\u9c81\u85cf\u5e03\u6c5f\uff0c\u6c5f\u5b5c\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5230\u8fbe\u62c9\u8428\u3002\u4e00\u8def\u4e0a\u7a7f\u8d8a\u4e86\u5927\u5c71\u3001\u68ee\u6797\u3001\u6cb3\u6d41\u3001\u6c99\u6f20\u3001\u5e73\u539f\u3001\u96ea\u5c71\uff1b\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u5f62\u5f62\u8272\u8272\u7684\u4eba\uff1a\u671d\u62dc\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u3001\u5e84\u519c\u3001\u5b98\u540f\u3001\u571f\u532a\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\uff0c\u67d0\u4e2a\u591c\u665a\uff0c\u6709\u95ea\u70c1\u7740\u78f7\u5149\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5e10\u7bf7\u56db\u5468\u5f98\u5f8a\uff0c\u7761\u610f\u6726\u80e7\u7684\u5979\u770b\u89c1\u4e00\u53ea\u91d1\u94b1\u8c79\u5728\u5e10\u7bf7\u5916\u597d\u5947\u5f98\u5f8a\uff0c\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u5bf9\u91d1\u94b1\u8c79\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u6211\u66fe\u7ecf\u975e\u5e38\u8fd1\u8ddd\u79bb\u5730\u770b\u5230\u8fc7\u6bd4\u4f60\u5927\u5f97\u591a\u5927\u68ee\u6797\u4e4b\u738b\uff0c\u7761\u89c9\u53bb\u5427\uff01\u795d\u4f60\u5e78\u798f\u6109\u5feb\u3002\u201d\u795e\u5947\u7684\u662f\u5b83\u4f3c\u4e4e\u542c\u61c2\u4e86\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4fbf\u79bb\u53bb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Fee71e1b8j00qbvp5c0016d200u000c1g00it007j.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c141915\u5e74\u88ab\u8d50\u4e88\u7684\u5ff5\u73e0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u4f53\u9aa8\u9abc\u505a\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\u7269\u54c1\u662f\u65e0\u5e38\u548c\u653e\u5f03\u7684\u8c61\u5f81<\/p>\n<p>\u795e\u7075\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5728\u8def\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5e2e\u5230\u4e0d\u5c11\u5fd9\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u9047\u5230\u5f3a\u76d7\u62a2\u52ab\u65f6\uff0c\u5eb8\u767b\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u56e2\u56e2\u56f4\u4f4f\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u8fd8\u624b\u4e4b\u529b\u7684\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u53ea\u80fd\u5927\u558a\u7740\u6700\u754f\u6016\u7684\u795e\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5409\u7965\u5929\u6bcd\u3001\u91d1\u521a\u5927\u529b\u3001\u7528\u5e26\u8840\u4eba\u76ae\u5236\u4f5c\u9a6c\u978d\u7684\u91ce\u9a6c\u4e4b\u5973\u795e\u3001\u541e\u566c\u4f17\u751f\u4e4b\u8089\u7684\u66b4\u8650\u795e\u7b49\u7b49\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u9707\u6151\u4f4f\u5f3a\u76d7\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u53ec\u8bf7\u5b8c\u540e\uff0c\u795e\u5947\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\uff1a\u7a81\u7136\u95f4\uff0c\u68ee\u6797\u53d8\u5f97\u660f\u6697\uff0c\u704c\u6728\u4e1b\u522e\u8d77\u4e86\u98ce\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u795e\u79d8\u548c\u51c4\u51c9\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u4ece\u5c71\u8c37\u6df1\u5904\u4f20\u6765\uff0c\u957f\u7a7a\u4e2d\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4e0d\u61c2\u5176\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u6027\u8a00\u8bed\uff0c\u5f3a\u76d7\u4eec\u4fbf\u88ab\u5413\u5f97\u8d76\u7d27\u8dd1\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F869d133bj00qbvp5c001qd200g900nhg00g900nh.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1961\u5e74\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u85cf\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u4e66 \u300a\u6c38\u751f\u4e0e\u8f6e\u56de \u6559\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F60f9d9b1j00qbvp5c001ad200ca00fzg00g200kv.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1923\u5e74\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u7684\u62c9\u8428\u5386\u9669\u8bb0<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Fc4a499a0j00qbvp5c003bd200u000ing00g2009z.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u536b\u5c3c\u5c14\u6e38\u8bb0\u6f2b\u753b\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8 \u6f2b\u753b\u5bb6 Mathieu BLANCHOT \u548cFRED CAMPOY<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F318a6db7j00qbvp5d0034d200u000z5g00g200it.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1950\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5fb7\u62c9\u00b7\u5927\u536b\u00b7\u5c3c\u5c14\u5728\u85cf\u5f0f\u623f\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u88ab\u5979\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u5e26\u56de\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u6240\u5305\u56f4<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e5f\u8bb8\u90a3\u4e9b\u957f\u671f\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5b64\u72ec\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u8bfb\u61c2\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6f5c\u610f\u8bc6\u548c\u5185\u5fc3\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u611f\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u897f\u85cf\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b1936<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u6d1b\u514b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Joseph Charles Francis Rock<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F91c32cabj00qbvp5d003nd200u000l8g00it00da.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u6d1b\u514b\u5728\u4e91\u5357 1925\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u6d1b\u514b\uff08Joseph Charles Francis Rock\uff0c1884-1962\uff09\uff0c\u51fa\u8eab\u4e8e\u5965\u5730\u5229\u7ef4\u4e5f\u7eb3\uff0c\u7f8e\u7c4d\u5965\u5730\u5229\u4eba\uff0c\u690d\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u63a2\u9669\u5bb6\u548c\u7eb3\u897f\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Fdddf54e2j00qbvp5d004zd200u000lyg00it00dr.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6d1b\u514b\u51fa\u884c\u5730\u56fe<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F580d3162j00qbvp5d006dd200u000mdg00g200by.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Joseph Rock \u4e2d\u56fd\u897f\u5357\u5730\u533a 1920\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>1907\u5e74\uff0c\u6d1b\u514b\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u590f\u5a01\u5937\u5b66\u9662\u83b7\u5f97\u690d\u7269\u5b66\u6559\u804c\u30021922\u5e74\uff0c\u53d7\u7f8e\u56fd\u519c\u4e1a\u90e8\u7684\u59d4\u6258\uff0c\u4ed6\u524d\u5f80\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u505a\u690d\u7269\u8c03\u67e5\uff1b\u968f\u540e\u83b7\u5f97\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684\u8d5e\u52a9\uff0c\u5230\u8fbe\u4e91\u5357\u4e3d\u6c5f\uff0c\u521d\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ece\u4e8b\u690d\u7269\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u6d1b\u514b\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u6210\u679c\u6781\u4e3a\u4e30\u7855\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1922-1949\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u4e3d\u6c5f\u548c\u7eb3\u897f\u4eba\u7ed3\u4e0b\u4e86\u6781\u6df1\u7684\u7f18\u5206\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u57281930\u5e74\u81f31962\u5e74\u53bb\u4e16\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u51e0\u4e4e\u5168\u529b\u704c\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7eb3\u897f\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u201c\u897f\u65b9\u7eb3\u897f\u5b66\u4e4b\u7236\u201d\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a2\u9669\u5bb6\u548c\u6444\u5f71\u5bb6\u7684\u6d1b\u514b\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5ddd\u6ec7\u7518\u9752\u4e00\u5e26\u7684\u6240\u62cd\u6444\u5230\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5148\u540e\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5730\u7406\u300b\u4e0a\u7684\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u4e16\u4eba\u9996\u6b21\u63ed\u5f00\u4e86\u4ed6\u6240\u6e38\u5386\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e16\u5916\u6843\u6e90\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4e16\u4eba\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1924\u5e74\uff0c\u6d1b\u514b\u4ece\u4e3d\u6c5f\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u7ecf\u6c38\u5b81\u7684\u6cf8\u6cbd\u6e56\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u7389\u9f99\u56fd\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6728\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u51fa\u8bbf\u53ea\u5f85\u4e86\u4e09\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6728\u91cc\u571f\u53f8\u7684\u63a5\u89c1\uff0c\u62cd\u6444\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff1b\u5e76\u4e0e\u6728\u91cc\u571f\u53f8\u7ed3\u4e0b\u53cb\u8c0a\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u518d\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u673a\u7f18\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u6b21\u5728\u6728\u91cc\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ee5\u300a\u9ec4\u5587\u561b\u4e4b\u5730\u300b\u4e3a\u9898\u5728\u540c\u5e74\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5730\u7406\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4e16\u4eba\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1925\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6d1b\u514b\u4e0e\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u963f\u8bfa\u5fb7\u690d\u7269\u56ed\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u963f\u5c3c\u739b\u537f\u5c71\u548c\u7941\u8fde\u5c71\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u5353\u5c3c\u571f\u53f8\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u8fed\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u91c7\u96c6\u690d\u7269\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u9752\u6d77\u963f\u5c3c\u739b\u537f\u96ea\u5c71\u533a\u8003\u5bdf\u5e76\u767b\u4e0a\u4e86\u4e3b\u5cf0\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F479f8d96j00qbvp5e002nd200u000dkg00it008h.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8fc7\u96c5\u783b\u6c5f \/ \u6728\u96c5\u4eba\u7269\u7167 1929\u5e74<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F21505f0ej00qbvp5e0054d200u000i8g00it00bf.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u6728\u91cc\u524d\u5f80\u4e5d\u9f99\u9014\u4e2d 1929\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>1928\u5e746\u6708\u53ca8\u6708\uff0c\u6d1b\u514b\u4e24\u6b21\u4ece\u6728\u91cc\u51fa\u53d1\u524d\u5f80\u201c\u65e5\u677e\u8d21\u5e03\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u7a3b\u57ce\u4e9a\u4e01\u7684\u4e09\u795e\u5c71\u533a\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u4e3a\u4e16\u4eba\u63ed\u9732\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e09\u5ea7\u65e0\u4e0e\u4f26\u6bd4\u7684\u795e\u5c71\u30021929\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u7f18\u4e8e\u524d\u4e00\u5e74\u5728\u524d\u5f80\u4e09\u795e\u5c71\u5904\u65f6\u671b\u89c1\u4e86\u8d21\u560e\u96ea\u5c71\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6d1b\u514b\u518d\u6b21\u7387\u961f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6728\u91cc\uff0c\u6e21\u8fc7\u96c5\u783b\u6c5f\uff0c\u518d\u7ecf\u4e5d\u9f99\u5230\u8fbe\u6728\u96c5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u8d21\u560e\u96ea\u5c71\u5904\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u9996\u6b21\u5c06\u6728\u96c5\u8d21\u560e\u96ea\u5c71\u5e26\u5230\u4e86\u4e16\u4eba\u9762\u524d\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F55c07647j00qbvp5e0047d200u000kng00it00cx.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6d1b\u514b\u5728Konka Risumgongba \uff08\u96c5\u5b9a\uff091920-1930\u5e74<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Ff7b2dc67j00qbvp5f001qd200ci00hag00g200m6.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6d1b\u514b\u548c\u6728\u91cc\u738b1928\u5e74<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F80bd104ej00qbvp5f0026d200u00092g00g2004u.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8d21\u560e\u96ea\u5c71 \u6728\u96c5 1929\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u949f\u60c5\u4e8e\u4e00\u8def\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u4e0e\u4eba\u6587\u7f8e\u666f\uff0c\u5728\u8457\u8ff0\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4ee5\u60ca\u53f9\u3001\u8d5e\u7f8e\u7684\u7b14\u8c03\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u201c\u5373\u4f7f\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5730\u56fe\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u4e2d\u56fd\u5730\u7406\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u6000\u7591\u4e2d\u56fd\u897f\u90e8\u6700\u9ad8\u5cf0\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u6728\u96c5\u8d21\u560e\u5c71\u8109\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u5c71\u8c37\u2026\u2026\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96c4\u4f1f\u7684\u96ea\u5cf0\u5c31\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7389\u9f99\u5bfa\u4e1c\u90e8\u9ad8\u9ad8\u7684\u5c71\u8c37\u659c\u5761\u4e4b\u5916\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5730\u7406\uff1a\u6728\u96c5\u8d21\u560e\u7684\u8363\u8000\u300b1930<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5e84\u5b66\u672c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Zhuang Xueben<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2F9ca11e61j00qbvp5f003dd200u000mng00it00e6.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5e84\u5b66\u672c\uff081909\u20141984\uff09\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u6444\u5f71\u5bb6\u3002\u66fe\u4efb\u4e0a\u6d77\u300a\u826f\u53cb\u300b\u753b\u62a5\u3001\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u300b\u753b\u62a5\u3001\u300a\u7533\u62a5\u300b\u753b\u520a\u7684\u7279\u7ea6\u6444\u5f71\u8bb0\u8005\u3002\u5efa\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u5386\u4efb\u56fd\u5bb6\u6c11\u65cf\u4e8b\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u53c2\u4e8b\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u753b\u520a\u7f16\u8f91\u5ba4\u3001\u300a\u6c11\u65cf\u753b\u62a5\u300b\u793e\u7f16\u8f91\u90e8\u526f\u4e3b\u4efb\u7b49\u804c\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2020%2F0614%2Fb65e7479j00qbvp5f0024d200m800lsg00it00if.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" 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