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\u7fbd\u6a84\u8d77\u8fb9\u5ead\uff0c\u70fd\u706b\u4e71\u5982\u8424\u3002\u662f\u65f6\u5f20\u535a\u671b\uff0c\u591c\u8d74\u4ea4\u6cb3\u57ce\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9a6c\u5934\u8981\u843d\u65e5\uff0c\u5251\u5c3e\u63a3\u6d41\u661f\u3002\u541b\u6069\u672a\u5f97\u62a5\uff0c\u4f55\u8bba\u8eab\u547d\u503e\u3002[12]<\/p>\n

\u6218\u706b\u71c3\u8d77\u3001\u8fb9\u5ead\u544a\u6025\uff0c\u4e3a\u8054\u7edc\u897f\u57df\u5404\u56fd\u5171\u540c\u5bf9\u6297\u5308\u5974\uff0c\u5f20\u9a9e\u4e34\u5371\u53d7\u547d\u51fa\u4f7f\u897f\u57df\uff0c\u8bd7\u6b4c\u70ed\u60c5\u6b4c\u9882\u5f20\u9a9e\u594b\u4e0d\u987e\u547d\u3001\u4ee5\u8eab\u8bb8\u56fd\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\u5f62\u8c61\u3002\u4f55\u900a\u300a\u5b66\u53e4\u8bd7\u300b\u4e91\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6614\u968f\u5f20\u535a\u671b\uff0c\u8f9e\u5e1d\u957f\u6768\u5bab\u3002\u72ec\u597d\u897f\u5c71\u52c7\uff0c\u601d\u4e3a\u5317\u5730\u96c4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5341\u5e74\u4e8b\u6cb3\u5916\uff0c\u96ea\u9b13\u522b\u5173\u4e2d\u3002\u5b63\u6708\u8fb9\u79cb\u91cd\uff0c\u5ca9\u91ce\u6563\u5bd2\u84ec\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u9690\u9f99\u57ce\u96fe\uff0c\u5c18\u8d77\u7389\u5173\u98ce\u3002\u5168\u72d0\u541b\u5df2\u590d\uff0c\u534a\u83fd\u6211\u72b9\u7a7a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b32\u56e0\u4e0a\u6797\u96c1\uff0c\u4e00\u89c1\u5e73\u9675\u6850\u3002[13]<\/p>\n

\u8bd7\u6b4c\u540c\u6837\u8d5e\u7f8e\u5f20\u9a9e\u51fa\u4f7f\u5341\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u8270\u82e6\u5907\u5c1d\u7684\u5fe0\u81e3\u5f62\u8c61\u3002\u9648\u6c5f\u603b\u7684\u300a\u9647\u5934\u6c34\u300b\u4e00\u8bd7\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5199\u5230\u5f20\u9a9e\uff0c\u8bd7\u4e91\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u9647\u5934\u4e07\u91cc\u5916\uff0c\u5929\u5d16\u56db\u9762\u7edd\u3002\u4eba\u5c06\u84ec\u5171\u8f6c\uff0c\u6c34\u4e0e\u557c\u4ff1\u54bd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60ca\u6e4d\u81ea\u6d8c\u6cb8\uff0c\u53e4\u6811\u591a\u6467\u6298\u3002\u4f20\u95fb\u535a\u671b\u4faf\uff0c\u82e6\u8f9b\u63d0\u6c49\u8282\u3002[14]<\/p>\n

\u8bd7\u4e2d\u4ee5\u897f\u57df\u7684\u86ee\u8352\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8270\u9669\u4e3a\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u7a81\u663e\u5f20\u9a9e\u51fa\u4f7f\u897f\u57df\u7684\u52b3\u82e6\u8270\u8f9b\u3002\u5357\u5317\u671d\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4e16\u4e71\u7eb7\u6270\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba\u5f80\u5f80\u4e8e\u6076\u52a3\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u886c\u6258\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7a81\u663e\u5f20\u9a9e\u7684\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u575a\u8d1e\u548c\u5fe0\u52c7\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\u81f3\u5510\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u521d\u5510\u865e\u4e16\u5357\u4f5c\u6709\u300a\u7ed3\u5ba2\u5c11\u5e74\u573a\u884c\u300b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u97e9\u9b4f\u591a\u5947\u8282\uff0c\u501c\u50a5\u9057\u540d\u5229\u3002\u5171\u77dc\u7136\u8bfa\u5fc3\uff0c\u5404\u8d1f\u7eb5\u6a2a\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u53cb\u4e00\u8a00\u91cd\uff0c\u76f8\u601d\u5343\u91cc\u81f3\u3002\u7eff\u6c88\u660e\u6708\u5f26\uff0c\u91d1\u7edc\u6d6e\u4e91\u8f94\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5439\u7bab\u5165\u5434\u5e02\uff0c\u51fb\u7b51\u6e38\u71d5\u8086\u3002\u5bfb\u6e90\u535a\u671b\u4faf\uff0c\u7ed3\u5ba2\u8fdc\u76f8\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c11\u5e74\u91cd\u4e00\u987e\uff0c\u957f\u9a71\u80cc\u9647\u5934\u3002\u7130\u7130\u971c\u6208\u52a8\uff0c\u803f\u803f\u5251\u8679\u6d6e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5929\u5c71\u51ac\u590f\u96ea\uff0c\u4ea4\u6cb3\u5357\u5317\u6d41\u3002\u4e91\u8d77\u9f99\u6c99\u6697\uff0c\u6728\u843d\u96c1\u95e8\u79cb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8f7b\u751f\u6b89\u77e5\u5df1\uff0c\u975e\u662f\u4e3a\u8eab\u8c0b\u3002[15]<\/p>\n

\u8bd7\u6b4c\u79f0\u8bb8\u5c11\u5e74\u6e38\u4fa0\u6548\u6cd5\u5f20\u9a9e\uff0c\u6177\u6168\u8d74\u8fb9\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u5efa\u529f\u7acb\u52cb\u7684\u594b\u53d1\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4e00\u626b\u6b64\u524d\u8bd7\u4e2d\u60b2\u51c9\u5b64\u5bc2\u7684\u6c14\u6c1b\uff0c\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u6602\u626c\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u3002\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u201c\u71d5\u8bb8\u5927\u624b\u7b14\u201d\u7684\u71d5\u56fd\u516c\u5f20\u8bf4\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u300a\u5c06\u8d74\u6714\u65b9\u519b\u5e94\u5236\u300b\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u63a8\u5d07\u5f20\u9a9e\u201c\u8bb8\u56fd\u4e0d\u8c0b\u8eab\u201d\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u793c\u4e50\u9022\u660e\u4e3b\uff0c\u97ec\u94a4\u7528\u8001\u81e3\u3002\u606d\u51ed\u795e\u6b66\u7b56\uff0c\u8fdc\u5fa1\u9b3c\u65b9\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f9b\u5e10\u8363\u6069\u996f\uff0c\u5c71\u5ddd\u559c\u8bcf\u5de1\u3002\u5929\u6587\u65e5\u6708\u4e3d\uff0c\u671d\u8d4b\u7ba1\u5f26\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e7c\u5fd7\u4f20\u4e09\u7565\uff0c\u8870\u6750\u8c22\u516d\u94a7\u3002\u80c6\u7531\u5fe0\u4f5c\u4f34\uff0c\u5fc3\u56fa\u9053\u4e3a\u90bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c49\u4fdd\u6cb3\u5357\u5730\uff0c\u80e1\u6e05\u585e\u5317\u5c18\u3002\u8fde\u5e74\u5927\u519b\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u65e5\u5c0f\u5eb7\u8fb0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5251\u821e\u8f7b\u79bb\u522b\uff0c\u6b4c\u9163\u5fd8\u82e6\u8f9b\u3002\u4ece\u6765\u601d\u535a\u671b\uff0c\u8bb8\u56fd\u4e0d\u8c0b\u8eab\u3002[16]<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u5f20\u8bf4\u5728\u88ab\u8d2c\u6714\u65b9\u65f6\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u5e94\u5236\u8bd7\uff0c\u8bd7\u6b4c\u901a\u8fc7\u6b4c\u9882\u5f20\u9a9e\u8d64\u80c6\u5fe0\u5fc3\u3001\u62a5\u6548\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e8b\u8ff9\uff0c\u5766\u9732\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5fc3\u8ff9\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u4e4b\u81ea\u671f\uff0c\u7528\u5178\u76f8\u5f53\u6070\u5207\u3002\u8bd7\u5723\u675c\u752b\u8bd7\u4e2d\u4e5f\u591a\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5f20\u9a9e\u7684\u5178\u6545\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u54ed\u674e\u5c1a\u4e66\uff08\u4e4b\u82b3\uff09\u300b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6f33\u6ee8\u4e0e\u84bf\u91cc\uff0c\u901d\u6c34\u7adf\u540c\u5e74\u3002\u6b32\u6302\u7559\u5f90\u5251\uff0c\u72b9\u56de\u5fc6\u6234\u8239\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u77e5\u6210\u767d\u9996\uff0c\u6b64\u522b\u95f4\u9ec4\u6cc9\u3002\u98ce\u96e8\u55df\u4f55\u53ca\uff0c\u6c5f\u6e56\u6d95\u6ceb\u7136\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fee\u6587\u5c06\u7ba1\u8f82\uff0c\u5949\u4f7f\u5931\u5f20\u9a9e\u3002\u53f2\u9601\u884c\u4eba\u5728\uff0c\u8bd7\u5bb6\u79c0\u53e5\u4f20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ba2\u4ead\u978d\u9a6c\u7edd\uff0c\u65c5\u6987\u7f51\u866b\u60ac\u3002\u590d\u9b44\u662d\u4e18\u8fdc\uff0c\u5f52\u9b42\u7d20\u6d50\u504f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6a35\u82cf\u5c01\u846c\u5730\uff0c\u5589\u820c\u7f62\u671d\u5929\u3002\u79cb\u8272\u51cb\u6625\u8349\uff0c\u738b\u5b59\u82e5\u4e2a\u8fb9\u3002[17]<\/p>\n

\u674e\u4e4b\u82b3\u66fe\u5949\u547d\u51fa\u4f7f\u5410\u8543\uff0c\u88ab\u6263\u4e24\u5e74\u59cb\u56de\uff0c\u675c\u752b\u4ee5\u5f20\u9a9e\u6765\u6bd4\u62df\u674e\u4e4b\u82b3\u7684\u624d\u5e72\u548c\u5fe0\u8bda\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u59a5\u5e16\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u5bc4\u5cb3\u5dde\u8d3e\u53f8\u9a6c\u516d\u4e08\u3001\u5df4\u5dde\u4e25\u516b\u4f7f\u541b\u4e24\u9601\u8001\u4e94\u5341\u97f5\u300b\u957f\u8bd7\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5199\u5230\u201c\u8ba8\u80e1\u6101\u674e\u5e7f\uff0c\u5949\u4f7f\u5f85\u5f20\u9a9e\u201d[18]\uff0c\u65e0\u7591\u675c\u752b\u662f\u5c06\u5f20\u9a9e\u89c6\u4f5c\u4f7f\u81e3\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u5178\u8303\u800c\u52a0\u4ee5\u6b4c\u9882\u3002\u4e2d\u5510\u767d\u5c45\u6613\u5728\u300a\u916c\u522b\u5fae\u4e4b\uff08\u4e34\u90fd\u9a7f\u9189\u540e\u4f5c\uff09\u300b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6ca3\u5934\u5ce1\u53e3\u94b1\u5510\u5cb8\uff0c\u4e09\u522b\u90fd\u7ecf\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u3002\u4e14\u559c\u7b4b\u9ab8\u4ff1\u5065\u5728\uff0c\u52ff\u5acc\u987b\u9b13\u5404\u76a4\u7136\u3002<\/p>\n

\u541b\u5f52\u5317\u9619\u671d\u5929\u5e1d\uff0c\u6211\u4f4f\u4e1c\u4eac\u4f5c\u5730\u4ed9\u3002\u535a\u671b\u81ea\u6765\u975e\u5f03\u7f6e\uff0c\u627f\u660e\u91cd\u5165\u83ab\u62d8\u7275\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9189\u6536\u676f\u6753\u505c\u706f\u8bed\uff0c\u5bd2\u5c55\u887e\u88ef\u5bf9\u6795\u7720\u3002\u72b9\u88ab\u5206\u53f8\u5b98\u7cfb\u7eca\uff0c\u9001\u541b\u4e0d\u5f97\u8fc7\u7518\u6cc9\u3002[19]<\/p>\n

\u8bd7\u53e5\u4ee5\u5f20\u9a9e\u8d2c\u800c\u590d\u8d77\u7684\u4ed5\u9014\u7ecf\u5386\u529d\u6170\u597d\u53cb\uff0c\u575a\u4fe1\u6709\u624d\u80fd\u7684\u4eba\u7ec8\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u91cd\u4efb\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u5143\u7a39\u632f\u4f5c\u7cbe\u795e\u3001\u84c4\u52bf\u5f85\u65f6\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5bf9\u5143\u7a39\u7684\u6df1\u539a\u53cb\u60c5\u3002\u97e9\u7fc3\u7684\u300a\u9001\u76d1\u519b\u674e\u5224\u5b98\u300b\u548c\u300a\u9001\u674e\u4f8d\u5fa1\u8d74\u5f90\u5dde\u884c\u8425\u300b\u4e24\u9996\u4e5f\u90fd\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u5bf9\u5f20\u9a9e\u7684\u656c\u4ef0\u548c\u5d07\u62dc\u4e4b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u5ba2\u4f69\u53cc\u5251\uff0c\u4e1c\u57ce\u559c\u518d\u6e38\u3002\u65e7\u4ece\u5f20\u535a\u671b\uff0c\u65b0\u4e8b\u90d1\u957f\u79cb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8e0f\u6c34\u56de\u91d1\u52d2\uff0c\u770b\u98ce\u8bd5\u9526\u88d8\u3002\u77e5\u541b\u4e0d\u4e45\u4f4f\uff0c\u6c49\u5c06\u626b\u65c4\u5934\u3002[20]<\/p>\n

\u5c11\u5e74\u517c\u67f1\u53f2\uff0c\u4e1c\u81f3\u65e7\u5f90\u5dde\u3002\u8fdc\u5c5e\u5e73\u6d25\u9601\uff0c\u524d\u9a71\u535a\u671b\u4faf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5411\u8425\u6dee\u6c34\u6ee1\uff0c\u5439\u89d2\u695a\u5929\u79cb\u3002\u5ba2\u68a6\u4f9d\u4f9d\u5904\uff0c\u5bd2\u5c71\u5bf9\u767d\u697c\u3002[21]<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u803f\u6e4b\u4f5c\u6709\u300a\u5949\u9001\u5d14\u4f8d\u5fa1\u548c\u8543\u300b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4e07\u91cc\u534e\u620e\u9694\uff0c\u98ce\u6c99\u9053\u8def\u79cb\u3002\u65b0\u6069\u660e\u4e3b\u542f\uff0c\u65e7\u597d\u4f7f\u81e3\u4fee\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65cc\u8282\u968f\u8fb9\u8349\uff0c\u5173\u5c71\u89c1\u620d\u697c\u3002\u4fd7\u6b8a\u4eba\u5de6\u887d\uff0c\u5730\u8fdc\u6c34\u897f\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u66ae\u51b0\u5148\u5408\uff0c\u6625\u6df1\u96ea\u672a\u4f11\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u5584\u957f\u5bf9\uff0c\u535a\u671b\u81ea\u5c01\u4faf\u3002[22]<\/p>\n

\u8bd7\u6b4c\u4ee5\u5f20\u9a9e\u51fa\u4f7f\u5c01\u4faf\u7684\u529f\u7ee9\uff0c\u52c9\u52b1\u5373\u5c06\u8fdc\u8d74\u5410\u8543\u7684\u53cb\u4eba\u5d14\u6c49\u8861\u3002\u53c8\u5982\u6b66\u5143\u8861\u7684\u300a\u916c\u592a\u5e38\u4ece\u5144\u7559\u522b\u300b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4e61\u8def\u65e5\u5179\u59cb\uff0c\u5f81\u8f69\u884c\u590d\u7559\u3002\u5f20\u9a9e\u968f\u6c49\u8282\uff0c\u738b\u6fec\u5b88\u5200\u5dde\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6cfd\u56fd\u70df\u82b1\u5ea6\uff0c\u94dc\u6881\u96fe\u96e8\u6101\u3002\u522b\u79bb\u65e0\u53ef\u5948\uff0c\u4e07\u6068\u9526\u6c5f\u6d41\u3002[23]<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u5f20\u9a9e\u4e4b\u5178\u4ee3\u6307\u4f7f\u81e3\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5e76\u501f\u4ee5\u79f0\u626c\u5176\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5fe0\u8bda\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5927\u5510\u56fd\u529b\u5f3a\u76db\u4e0e\u5468\u8fb9\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f80\u6765\u5bc6\u5207\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u5e38\u6709\u81e3\u5b50\u5949\u547d\u51fa\u4f7f\uff0c\u300a\u65e7\u5510\u4e66\u00b7\u897f\u620e\u4f20\u300b\u53f2\u81e3\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u897f\u65b9\u4e4b\u56fd\uff0c\u7ef5\u4e98\u5c71\u5ddd\uff0c\u81ea\u5f20\u9a9e\u5949\u4f7f\u5df2\u6765\uff0c\u4ecb\u5b50\u7acb\u529f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u8005\u591a\u77e3\u3002\u201d\u6545\u800c\u8bd7\u4eba\u4eec\u591a\u501f\u5f20\u9a9e\u5fe0\u5fc3\u803f\u803f\u7684\u4f7f\u81e3\u5f62\u8c61\u3001\u8270\u82e6\u5907\u5c1d\u4e0d\u8fb1\u4f7f\u547d\u7684\u975e\u51e1\u4e8b\u8ff9\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u3001\u79f0\u9882\u90a3\u4e9b\u8eab\u8d1f\u51fa\u4f7f\u91cd\u4efb\u7684\u81e3\u5b50\u3002[24]\u5317\u5b8b\u521d\u897f\u6606\u4f53\u8bd7\u4eba\u6768\u4ebf\u6709\u300a\u90d1\u5de5\u90e8\u9655\u897f\u968f\u519b\u8f6c\u8fd0\u300b\u4e00\u8bd7\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u897f\u9119\u6b03\u67aa\u672a\u626b\u9664\uff0c\u8425\u4e2d\u6177\u6168\u8bf7\u884c\u521d\u3002\u4e09\u519b\u7c92\u98df\u8d44\u5fc3\u8ba1\uff0c\u4e00\u6708\u661f\u90ae\u5f85\u6377\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ba3\u5ba4\u559c\u95fb\u5ef6\u8d3e\u8c0a\uff0c\u8302\u9675\u4e45\u6b22\u6ede\u76f8\u5982\u3002\u8c24\u8a00\u76c8\u7ba7\u4eb2\u66fe\u89c1\uff0c\u53cd\u95f4\u5343\u91d1\u8ba1\u5c82\u758f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9057\u7231\u9053\u508d\u55a7\u7af9\u9a6c\uff0c\u5148\u58f0\u585e\u5916\u6151\u7a77\u5e90\u3002\u51af\u5510\u83ab\u53f9\u6df9\u90ce\u7f72\uff0c\u535a\u671b\u8fd8\u5ffb\u62e5\u4f7f\u8f66\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9647\u53f3\u884c\u6536\u4e07\u91cc\u5730\uff0c\u5173\u4e2d\u5750\u81f4\u4e5d\u5e74\u50a8\u3002\u7259\u7b79\u7fbd\u6a84\u7686\u543e\u4e8b\uff0c\u624d\u5203\u98d8\u98d8\u4e24\u6709\u9980\u3002[25]<\/p>\n

\u8bd7\u4e2d\u4ee5\u4e45\u6ede\u90ce\u5b98\u3001\u5e74\u5c81\u6e10\u8001\u90c1\u90c1\u5be1\u6b22\u7684\u51af\u5510\uff0c\u886c\u6258\u4e3a\u80fd\u591f\u51fa\u4f7f\u897f\u57df\u8bf8\u56fd\u800c\u6b22\u6b23\u9f13\u821e\u7684\u5f20\u9a9e\uff0c\u70ed\u60c5\u9f13\u52b1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u6b64\u884c\u6709\u6240\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u738b\u5b89\u77f3\u300a\u98de\u96c1\u300b\u4e00\u8bd7\u5199\u9053\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u96c1\u98de\u51a5\u51a5\u65f6\u4e0b\u6cca\uff0c\u7a3b\u7cb1\u867d\u5c11\u6c5f\u6e56\u4e50\u3002\u4eba\u751f\u4f55\u5fc5\u6155\u8f7b\u80a5\uff0c\u8f9b\u82e6\u5c06\u8eab\u5230\u6c99\u6f20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c49\u65f6\u82cf\u6b66\u4e0e\u5f20\u9a9e\uff0c\u4e07\u91cc\u751f\u8fd8\u503c\u5076\u7136\u3002\u4e08\u592b\u8bb8\u56fd\u5f53\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u7537\u5b50\u8f9e\u4eb2\u4ea6\u53ef\u601c\u3002[26]<\/p>\n

\u8ffd\u6c42\u5bcc\u8d35\u8363\u534e\u5c31\u5c11\u4e86\u6c5f\u6e56\u4e4b\u4e50\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u82cf\u6b66\u5f20\u9a9e\u4ee5\u8eab\u8bb8\u56fd\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u54c0\u77dc\u4ed6\u4eec\u8f9e\u4eb2\u8fdc\u884c\u7684\u8270\u8f9b\u3002\u5357\u5b8b\u8521\u6221\u300a\u7b47\u7af9\u6756\u6b4c\u300b\u8bd7\u6709\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u6709\u4e00\u679d\u7b47\uff0c\u592d\u77eb\u5982\u6e38\u9f99\u3002\u7531\u6765\u535a\u671b\u4f7f\u897f\u57df\uff0c\u4e07\u91cc\u6301\u5bc4\u8870\u75c5\u7fc1\u3002\u81ea\u8700\u5386\u695a\u5165\u5434\u8d8a\uff0c\u540d\u5c71\u80dc\u5730\u591a\u7559\u8e2a\u201d[27]\u7684\u8bd7\u53e5\uff0c\u8d5e\u626c\u5f20\u9a9e\u901a\u897f\u57df\u7684\u529f\u52b3\u3002\u660e\u4ee3\u66fe\u68e8\u66fe\u4f5c\u300a\u9648\u5458\u5916\u5949\u4f7f\u897f\u57df\u5468\u5bfa\u526f\u5e2d\u4e2d\u9053\u522b\u957f\u53e5\u300b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6c49\u5bb6\u90ce\u5b98\u5934\u672a\u767d\uff0c\u6248\u4ece\u521d\u4e3a\u4e24\u4eac\u5ba2\u3002\u5ffd\u9022\u5929\u8fb9\u4e94\u8272\u4e66\uff0c\u4e07\u91cc\u7fe9\u7fe9\u5411\u897f\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8170\u95f4\u5b9d\u5251\u4e03\u661f\u6587\uff0c\u8fde\u65cc\u5927\u65c6\u4f55\u7f24\u7eb7\u3002\u89e3\u978d\u591c\u5367\u8425\u4e2d\u6708\uff0c\u63fd\u8f94\u671d\u770b\u9647\u4e0a\u4e91\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ec4\u6c99\u65ad\u789b\u5343\u56de\u8f6c\uff0c\u7389\u5173\u6e10\u8fd1\u957f\u5b89\u8fdc\u3002\u8f6e\u53f0\u971c\u91cd\u89d2\u58f0\u5bd2\uff0c\u84b2\u6d77\u98ce\u9ad8\u5f13\u529b\u8f6f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5179\u884c\u9a91\u4ece\u5386\u8bf8\u8543\uff0c\u6be1\u5e10\u4f9d\u5fae\u7edd\u6f20\u95f4\u3002\u6b8b\u70df\u53e4\u6811\u7f8c\u5937\u805a\uff0c\u8fdc\u706b\u8352\u539f\u730e\u9a91\u8fd8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8543\u914b\u51fa\u8fce\u901a\u6c49\u8bed\uff0c\u7a79\u5e90\u84b2\u8404\u9152\u5982\u4e73\u3002\u821e\u5973\u4e89\u5448\u4e8e\u9617\u5986\uff0c\u6b4c\u8f9e\u5c3d\u534f\u9f9f\u5179\u8c31\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7b75\u534a\u9189\u770b\u5434\u94a9\uff0c\u4e0a\u9a6c\u4fbf\u8457\u91d1\u8c82\u88d8\u3002\u5c71\u5ddd\u9065\u8ba4\u6708\u652f\u7a9f\uff0c\u90e8\u843d\u80fd\u77e5\u535a\u671b\u4faf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8349\u4e0a\u98ce\u6c99\u4e71\u9a9a\u5c51\uff0c\u8fb9\u5934\u65e5\u66ae\u60b2\u7b33\u54bd\u3002\u884c\u7a77\u5929\u5c3d\u59cb\u56de\u8f95\uff0c\u5750\u5bf9\u96ea\u6df1\u8fd8\u4ed7\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f52\u6765\u6742\u905d\u5b9b\u9a6c\u7fa4\uff0c\u7acb\u8c08\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u5947\u52cb\u3002\u5374\u7b11\u53e4\u6765\u5f81\u6218\u82e6\uff0c\u8fb9\u4eba\u7a7a\u8bf4\u674e\u5c06\u519b\u3002[28]<\/p>\n

\u8bd7\u6b4c\u4ee5\u6c49\u4ee3\u6545\u4e8b\u52c9\u52b1\u670b\u53cb\u51fa\u4f7f\u897f\u57df\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u201c\u90e8\u843d\u80fd\u77e5\u535a\u671b\u4faf\u201d\u79f0\u8d5e\u5f20\u9a9e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5927\u6c49\u4f7f\u8282\u7684\u8bda\u4fe1\u548c\u624d\u5e72\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u897f\u57df\u6240\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u5a01\u540d\u3002\u6e05\u8d39\u9521\u749c\u7684\u300a\u51fa\u585e\u300b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u5ea6\u5362\u9f99\u585e\uff0c\u4f24\u5fc3\u666f\u7269\u6b8a\u3002\u79cb\u98ce\u5636\u8001\u9a6c\uff0c\u843d\u65e5\u805a\u9965\u4e4c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5cad\u4e0a\u5bd2\u4e91\u5408\uff0c\u95fa\u4e2d\u660e\u6708\u5b64\u3002\u8fd8\u95fb\u9063\u535a\u671b\uff0c\u96e8\u96ea\u5728\u957f\u9014\u3002[29]<\/p>\n

\u8bd7\u4e2d\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u51fa\u585e\u540e\u6240\u89c1\u5230\u7684\u5b64\u5bc2\u51c4\u51c9\u666f\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u5f20\u9a9e\u56fd\u6548\u547d\u3001\u9971\u7ecf\u98ce\u971c\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u81ea\u6bd4\u3002\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u6240\u4f5c\u300a\u7231\u56fd\u6b4c\u56db\u7ae0\u300b\u4e2d\u4ecd\u6709\uff1a\u201c\u6c49\u5510\u51ff\u5b54\u53bf\u897f\u57df\uff0c\u6b27\u4e9a\u629f\u9646\u5730\u5929\u901a\u3002\u6bcf\u8c08\u9ec4\u7978\u8a5f\u4e14\u6817\uff0c\u767e\u5e74\u5669\u68a6\u9a87\u897f\u620e\u3002\u541b\u4e0d\u89c1\uff0c\u535a\u671b\u5b9a\u8fdc\u82b3\u8e2a\u5df2\u5343\u53e4\uff0c\u65f6\u54c9\u540e\u8d77\u6211\u82f1\u96c4\u201d[30]\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u70ed\u60c5\u6b4c\u9882\u5f20\u9a9e\u5f00\u62d3\u897f\u57df\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u529f\u7ee9\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u300a\u53f2\u8bb0\u300b\u8f7d\u6c49\u6b66\u5e1d\u66fe\u547d\u5f20\u9a9e\u63a2\u5bfb\u9ec4\u6cb3\u7684\u6e90\u5934\uff0c\u6545\u800c\u540e\u4e16\u6587\u4eba\u58a8\u5ba2\u8fd8\u5e38\u6b4c\u548f\u5f20\u9a9e\u5bfb\u627e\u6cb3\u6e90\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f15\u5165\u897f\u57df\u7269\u4ea7\u7684\u529f\u52cb\u3002\u5982\u9648\u5f90\u9675\u5728\u300a\u4e0e\u738b\u5434\u90e1\u50e7\u667a\u4e66\u300b\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\u201c\u535a\u671b\u4faf\u6781\u8ff9\u4e8e\u9ec4\u6cb3\uff0c\u6818\u4e2d\u76d1\u6d41\u6ede\u4e8e\u6ca7\u6d77\u201d[31]\uff0c\u5510\u4ee3\u8bd7\u4eba\u674e\u701a\u7684\u300a\u8499\u6c42\u300b\u4e2d\u6709\u201c\u4f0f\u6ce2\u6807\u67f1\uff0c\u535a\u671b\u5bfb\u6cb3\u201d[32]\uff0c\u859b\u80fd\u7684\u300a\u9ec4\u6cb3\u300b\u201c\u4e5d\u66f2\u7ec8\u67d4\u80dc\uff0c\u5e38\u6d41\u53ef\u6697\u541e\u3002\u4eba\u95f4\u65e0\u535a\u671b\uff0c\u8c01\u590d\u5230\u7a77\u6e90\u201d[33]\uff0c\u5f20\u795c\u7684\u300a\u732e\u592a\u539f\u88f4\u76f8\u516c\u4e09\u5341\u97f5\u300b\u201c\u9ec4\u6cb3\u5f52\u535a\u671b\uff0c\u9752\u51a2\u7834\u51f6\u5974\u201d[34]\uff0c\u660e\u4ee3\u9ec4\u54f2\u7684\u300a\u6cb3\u6d51\u6d51\u300b\u4e2d\u6709\u201c\u6cb3\u6d51\u6d51\uff0c\u53d1\u6606\u4ed1\u3002\u5ea6\u6c99\u789b\uff0c\u7ecf\u4e2d\u539f\uff0c\u55b7\u8584\u7825\u67f1\u6392\u9f99\u95e8\uff0c\u73af\u5d69\u7edd\u534e\u718a\u864e\u5954\u3002\u541b\u4e0d\u95fb\u6c49\u5bb6\u535a\u671b\u521d\u5bfb\u6e90\uff0c\u626c\u65cc\u8fdc\u6d89\u897f\u585e\u57a3\u201d[35]\uff0c\u90fd\u80af\u5b9a\u5f20\u9a9e\u4e07\u91cc\u8dcb\u6d89\uff0c\u8fdc\u81f3\u9ec4\u6cb3\u6e90\u5934\u7684\u4e8b\u8ff9\u3002\u800c\u5728\u300a\u9f50\u6c11\u8981\u672f\u300b\u548c\u300a\u592a\u5e73\u5fa1\u89c8\u300b\u6240\u5f15\u6c49\u738b\u9038\u8bed\uff0c\u300a\u521d\u5b66\u8bb0\u300b\u3001\u300a\u592a\u5e73\u5fa1\u89c8\u300b\u6240\u5f15\u300a\u535a\u7269\u5fd7\u300b\u90fd\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u5f20\u9a9e\u4ece\u897f\u57df\u5f52\u6765\u5e26\u56de\u5404\u79cd\u57df\u5916\u7269\u4ea7\u3002[36]\u5b8b\u4ee3\u7684\u8bd7\u4eba\u4e5f\u5f80\u5f80\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5199\u8bd7\u9882\u626c\u3002\u5982\u6b27\u9633\u4fee\u7684\u300a\u5343\u53f6\u7ea2\u68a8\u82b1\u300b\u6709\u201c\u4ece\u6765\u5947\u7269\u4ea7\u5929\u6daf\uff0c\u5b89\u5f97\u79fb\u6839\u690d\u5e1d\u5bb6\u3002\u72b9\u80dc\u5f20\u9a9e\u4e3a\u6c49\u4f7f\uff0c\u8f9b\u52e4\u897f\u57df\u5f99\u69b4\u82b1\u201d[37]\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u9996\u300a\u548c\u5723\u4fde\u674e\u4faf\u5bb6\u9e2d\u811a\u5b50\u300b\u201c\u535a\u671b\u6614\u6240\u5f99\uff0c\u84b2\u8404\u5b89\u77f3\u69b4\u3002\u60f3\u5176\u521d\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u53a5\u4ef7\u4e0e\u6b64\u4f94\u201d[38]\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u7a00\u7f55\u7684\u8461\u8404\u3001\u77f3\u69b4\u5728\u5f20\u9a9e\u901a\u897f\u57df\u540e\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u4e2d\u539f\u5927\u91cf\u79cd\u690d\u3002\u82cf\u8f7c\u7684\u300a\u5143\u4fee\u83dc\u300b\u8bd7\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u5f20\u9a9e\u79fb\u82dc\u84ff\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u5982\u8475\u83d8\u3002\u9a6c\u63f4\u8f7d\u858f\u82e1\uff0c\u7f57\u751f\u7b49\u84bf\u84ec\u3002\u60ac\u77e5\u4e1c\u5761\u4e0b\uff0c\u5849\u5364\u5316\u5343\u949f\u3002\u957f\u4f7f\u9f50\u5b89\u4eba\uff0c\u6307\u6b64\u8bf4\u4e24\u7fc1\u3002\u201d[39]\u611f\u6fc0\u5f20\u9a9e\u901a\u897f\u57df\u540e\u4e2d\u539f\u5f15\u8fdb\u82dc\u84ff\u7b49\u690d\u7269\uff0c\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u996e\u98df\u79cd\u7c7b\u3002\u53c8\u5982\u5cb3\u73c2\u7684\u300a\u84b2\u8404\u300b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u5e74\u535a\u671b\u594f\u8fb9\u529f\uff0c\u5f02\u79cd\u66fe\u643a\u82dc\u84ff\u540c\u3002\u6458\u4e73\u90a3\u70e6\u630f\u9a6c\u4ee4\uff0c\u5f15\u987b\u804a\u60ec\u597d\u9f99\u516c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9887\u601c\u6c49\u5730\u79bb\u5bab\u5728\uff0c\u672a\u8bb8\u51c9\u5dde\u9152\u74ee\u7a7a\u3002\u56de\u7ea5\u53ea\u4eca\u91cd\u9927\u8089\uff0c\u6e05\u9634\u5f25\u671b\u6ee1\u5173\u4e2d\u3002[40]<\/p>\n

\u5b8b\u672b\u7684\u738b\u4e49\u5c71\u7684\u300a\u738b\u6bcd\u795d\u8bed\u00b7\u77f3\u69b4\u82b1\u8bd7\u300b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5f85\u9619\u5357\u98ce\u6b32\u4e0a\u573a\uff0c\u9634\u9634\u7a1a\u7eff\u7ed5\u4e39\u5899\u3002\u77f3\u69b4\u5df2\u7740\u4e7e\u7ea2\u857e\uff0c\u65e0\u5c3d\u6625\u5149\u5c3d\u66f4\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u56e0\u535a\u671b\u6765\u897f\u57df\uff0c\u5b89\u5f97\u540d\u82b1\u51fa\u5b89\u77f3\u3002\u671d\u5143\u9601\u4e0a\u65e7\u98ce\u5149\uff0c\u72b9\u662f\u592a\u771f\u4eb2\u624b\u690d\u3002[41]<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bd7\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f\u611f\u5ff5\u5f20\u9a9e\u901a\u897f\u57df\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eba\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u996e\u98df\u65b9\u9762\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u65b0\u9c9c\u7269\u79cd\u5982\u8461\u8404\u3001\u77f3\u69b4\u3001\u82dc\u84ff\u7b49\u81ea\u6b64\u5f97\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2d\u571f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u7684\u8bf4\u6765\uff0c\u81ea\u6c49\u9b4f\u4ee5\u964d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u666e\u904d\u80af\u5b9a\u5f20\u9a9e\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u54c1\u683c\u53ca\u51fa\u4f7f\u897f\u57df\u6240\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u8912\u5956\u4ed6\u4e0d\u754f\u9669\u96be\u4e3a\u56fd\u6548\u547d\u7684\u5fe0\u5fc3\uff0c\u79f0\u8d5e\u4ed6\u8eab\u4e3a\u6c49\u4f7f\u88ab\u5308\u5974\u6263\u7559\u5341\u5e74\u800c\u6301\u8282\u4e0d\u6094\u7684\u64cd\u5b88\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8054\u901a\u897f\u57df\u5404\u56fd\u540e\u4e3a\u540e\u4e16\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6069\u60e0\uff0c\u5176\u5f62\u8c61\u9887\u4e3a\u6b63\u9762\uff0c\u8bc4\u8bba\u4ea6\u591a\u8912\u626c\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u751f\u4e8b\u52b3\u4eba\u3001\u75b2\u5f0a\u4e2d\u56fd<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u4ece\u6765\u90fd\u96be\u514d\u4f17\u8bf4\u7eb7\u7ead\u3001\u5404\u6267\u4e00\u7aef\uff0c\u5f20\u9a9e\u4e5f\u672a\u80fd\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u66fe\u62db\u81f4\u4e0d\u5c11\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u8fd8\u76f8\u5f53\u4e25\u5389\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u610f\u89c1\u867d\u975e\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u5e94\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002\u300a\u968b\u4e66\u00b7\u897f\u57df\u4f20\u300b\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u81ea\u53e4\u5f00\u8fdc\u5937\uff0c\u901a\u7edd\u57df\uff0c\u5fc5\u56e0\u5b8f\u653e\u4e4b\u4e3b\uff0c\u7686\u8d77\u597d\u4e8b\u4e4b\u81e3\u3002\u5f20\u9a9e\u51ff\u7a7a\u4e8e\u524d\uff0c\u73ed\u8d85\u6295\u7b14\u4e8e\u540e\uff0c\u6216\u7ed3\u4e4b\u4ee5\u91cd\u5b9d\uff0c\u6216\u6151\u4e4b\u4ee5\u5229\u5251\uff0c\u6295\u8eaf\u4e07\u6b7b\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u4ee5\u8981\u4e00\u65e6\u4e4b\u529f\uff0c\u7686\u7531\u4e3b\u5c1a\u6765\u8fdc\u4e4b\u540d\uff0c\u81e3\u6b89\u8f7b\u751f\u4e4b\u8282\u3002\u662f\u77e5\u4e0a\u4e4b\u6240\u597d\uff0c\u4e0b\u5fc5\u6709\u751a\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\u201d[42]\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5f20\u9a9e\u3001\u73ed\u8d85\u7686\u5217\u4e3a\u9022\u8fce\u9738\u4e3b\u7684\u597d\u4e8b\u4e4b\u81e3\uff0c\u6279\u8bc4\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u8ffd\u6c42\u529f\u540d\u8d8b\u627f\u4e3b\u4e0a\u3002\u627f\u6b64\u5510\u90b5\u8c12\u5728\u300a\u89c8\u5f20\u9a9e\u4f20\u300b\u4e00\u8bd7\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u91c7\u836f\u4e0d\u5f97\u6839\uff0c\u5bfb\u6cb3\u4e0d\u5f97\u6e90\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u865a\u767d\u9996\uff0c\u5f92\u611f\u6b66\u7687\u6069\u3002
\n\u6851\u7530\u672a\u95fb\u6539\uff0c\u65e5\u6708\u66fe\u51e0\u660f\u3002\u4ed9\u9aa8\u82e5\u6c42\u5f97\uff0c\u5784\u5934\u65e0\u65b0\u575f\u3002
\n\u4e0d\u89c1\u675c\u9675\u8349\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u7a7a\u81ea\u7e41\u3002[43]<\/section>\n

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\u4e2d\u6881\u5c71\u9e93\u6c49\u6c34\u6ee8\uff0c\u8def\u4fa7\u6709\u5893\u9ad8\u5d99\u5ccb\u3002\u4e1b\u7960\u84ca\u851a\u853d\u91ce\u96fe\uff0c\u699c\u66f0\u535a\u671b\u4faf\u4e4b\u795e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u5e74\u5b9d\u5e01\u8d70\u7edd\u57df\uff0c\u6b64\u65e5\u9e21\u8c5a\u9080\u5c0f\u6c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u541b\u4e0d\u89c1\u6b66\u5e1d\u7518\u5fc3\u4e8b\u8fdc\u7565\uff0c\u9761\u574f\u8d22\u529b\u7531\u65af\u4eba\u3002[45]<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u6b66\u5e1d\u597d\u5927\u559c\u529f\u3001\u7a77\u5175\u9ee9\u6b66\u4e4b\u8fc7\u90fd\u5f52\u5728\u5f20\u9a9e\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u5f20\u4fde\u7684\u300a\u535a\u671b\u4faf\u5893\u300b\u5199\u9053\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4e5d\u8bd1\u4f7f\u8f66\u901a\uff0c\u541b\u738b\u60a6\u6218\u950b\u3002\u4e89\u6b8b\u56db\u5937\u56fd\uff0c\u53ea\u5728\u4e00\u679d\u7b47\u3002[46]<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u62a8\u51fb\u6c49\u6b66\u5e1d\u4e0d\u65ad\u5bfb\u8845\u53d1\u52a8\u8fb9\u5883\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u8bbd\u523a\u5f20\u9a9e\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u5bfc\u706b\u7d22\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5f20\u9a9e\u5411\u6b66\u5e1d\u8fdb\u8a00\u201c\u81e3\u5728\u5927\u590f\u65f6\uff0c\u89c1\u909b\u7af9\u6756\u3001\u8700\u5e03\u201d\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u8c34\u8d23\u5f20\u9a9e\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fce\u5408\u541b\u738b\u79c1\u597d\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u751f\u7075\u6d82\u70ad\u3002\u5218\u5b50\u7fda\u5728\u300a\u6c49\u4e66\u6742\u8bba\u300b\u91cc\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u81f3\u5982\u4e25\u52a9\u3001\u5f20\u9a9e\u4e4b\u5f92\uff0c\u7686\u542f\u5531\u8fb9\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u8d44\u8fdb\u53d6\u3002\u5728\u5c27\u821c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u514d\u4e4e\u6d41\u653e\u7a9c\u6b9b\u8005\u4e5f\uff0c\u5c1a\u4f55\u624d\u4e4b\u8db3\u4e91\uff01\u201d[47]\u6279\u8bc4\u4e25\u52a9\u3001\u5f20\u9a9e\u6311\u5506\u6b66\u5e1d\u8fb9\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u8fdb\u8eab\u4e4b\u9636\u3002\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6b64\u7b49\u884c\u5f84\u5982\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4e09\u4ee3\u5723\u738b\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u65e0\u529f\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u8981\u53d7\u5230\u6781\u5211\u4e25\u60e9\u7684\u3002\u800c\u9648\u666e\u7684\u300a\u548f\u53f2\u4e0a\u00b7\u5f20\u9a9e\u300b\u5199\u9053\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u98ce\u6c99\u971c\u96ea\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u57ce\u90ed\u5c71\u5ddd\u4e07\u4e8c\u5343\u3002\u6c49\u9a6c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5b9b\u9a6c\u5230\uff0c\u4e07\u4eba\u6028\u6012\u4e00\u4eba\u601c\u3002[48]<\/p>\n

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\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u00a0\u00a0\u51ff\u7a7a\u4e4b\u529f<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u00a0\u00a0\u9022\u541b\u4e4b\u6076<\/p>\n

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\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u00a0\u00a0\u4e0d\u8db3\u7acb\u4f20<\/p>\n

\u5728\u300a\u53f2\u8bb0\u00b7\u536b\u5c06\u519b\u9aa0\u9a91\u5217\u4f20\u300b\u6709\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u5f20\u9a9e\u751f\u5e73\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6587\u5b57\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u519b\u5f20\u9a9e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u901a\u5927\u590f\uff0c\u8fd8\uff0c\u4e3a\u6821\u5c09\u3002\u4ece\u5927\u5c06\u519b\u6709\u529f\uff0c\u5c01\u4e3a\u535a\u671b\u4faf\u3002\u540e\u4e09\u5c81\uff0c\u4e3a\u5c06\u519b\uff0c\u51fa\u53f3\u5317\u5e73\uff0c\u5931\u671f\uff0c\u5f53\u65a9\uff0c\u8d4e\u4e3a\u5eb6\u4eba\u3002\u5176\u540e\u4f7f\u901a\u4e4c\u5b59\uff0c\u4e3a\u5927\u884c\u800c\u5352\uff0c\u51a2\u5728\u6c49\u4e2d\u3002[67]<\/p>\n

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