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\u663e\u5e86\u4e94\u5e74\uff08660\uff09\uff0c\u767e\u6d4e\u88ab\u5510\u3001\u7f57\u8054\u519b\u4e00\u4e3e\u653b\u706d\u3002\u540e\u767e\u6d4e\u65e7\u5c06\u798f\u4fe1\u548c\u50e7\u4eba\u9053\u741b\u636e\u5468\u7559\u57ce\u53cd\uff0c\u5e76\u8fce\u6545\u738b\u5b50\u6276\u4f59\u4e30\u4e8e\u502d\u56fd\uff0c\u7acb\u4e3a\u738b\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u590d\u56fd\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u5510\u9ad8\u5b97\u66fe\u5c31\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u6555\u7559\u9547\u5510\u5c06\u5218\u4ec1\u613f\u3001\u5218\u4ec1\u8f68\uff1a\u201c\u5e73\u58e4\u519b\u56de\uff0c\u4e00\u57ce\u4e0d\u53ef\u72ec\u56fa\uff0c\u5b9c\u62d4\u5c31\u65b0\u7f57\u3002\u82e5\u91d1\u6cd5\u654f\uff08\u65b0\u7f57\u738b\u3002\u2014\u2014\u5f15\u8005\uff09\u85c9\u537f\u7559\u9547\uff0c\u5b9c\u4e14\u505c\u5f7c\uff1b\u82e5\u5176\u4e0d\u987b\uff0c\u5373\u5b9c\u6cdb\u6d77\u8fd8\u4e5f\u3002\u201d[23]\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u5218\u4ec1\u613f\u3001\u8f68\u7b49\u7387\u5510\u519b\u7559\u5b88\u767e\u6d4e\u6545\u5730\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u5e94\u65b0\u7f57\u4e4b\u8bf7\u3002\u9f99\u6714\u4e09\u5e74\uff08663\uff09\u4e5d\u6708\uff0c\u5510\u3001\u7f57\u8054\u519b\u53c8\u5728\u767d\u6c5f\u53e3[24]\u51fb\u7834\u767e\u6d4e\u548c\u589e\u63f4\u767e\u6d4e\u7684\u502d\u5175\uff0c\u767e\u6d4e\u7ec8\u5f52\u8986\u706d\u3002[25]<\/p>\n

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\u65b0\u7f57\u5728\u53d7\u5230\u9ad8\u53e5\u4e3d\u3001\u767e\u6d4e\u4e43\u81f3\u65e5\u672c\u5939\u51fb\u7684\u4e0d\u5229\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u7d27\u7d27\u6293\u4f4f\u4e2d\u539f\u738b\u671d\u8fd9\u4e00\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5510\u4e0e\u9ad8\u53e5\u4e3d\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u62c9\u52a8\u5176\u4ecb\u5165\u534a\u5c9b\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u5148\u706d\u767e\u6d4e\uff0c\u518d\u5e73\u9ad8\u53e5\u4e3d\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u53c8\u5229\u7528\u5510\u671d\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u201c\u52a1\u5e7f\u5fb7\u8005\u660c\uff0c\u52a1\u5e7f\u5730\u8005\u4ea1\u201d[29]\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u5171\u5b58\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5bf9\u534a\u5c9b\u4e0a\u7684\u5510\u671d\u529b\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u6324\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u53c8\u9002\u65f6\u5411\u5176\u6c42\u548c\u6548\u5fe0\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u611f\u5230\u5b83\u4e0d\u50cf\u9ad8\u53e5\u4e3d\u90a3\u6837\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u5f62\u6210\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u53cc\u7ba1\u9f50\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f6f\u786c\u517c\u65bd\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u5728\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u4ece\u5730\u533a\u653f\u6cbb\u6216\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5510\u521d\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u65b0\u7f57\u7cbe\u5fc3\u7b56\u5212\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u6218\u7565\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u5728\u5510\u671d\u3001\u9ad8\u53e5\u4e3d\u3001\u767e\u6d4e\u3001\u65b0\u7f57\u56db\u89d2\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b0\u7f57\u540e\u6765\u5c45\u4e0a\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u56db\u65b9\u89d2\u9010\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8d62\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c<\/p>\n

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1.\u653f\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n

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2.\u7ecf\u8d38\u6d3b\u52a8<\/p>\n

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3.\u4eba\u5458\u5f80\u6765<\/p>\n

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\u5927\u91cf\u65b0\u7f57\u4fa8\u6c11\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u662f\u548c\u5510\u671d\u5bbd\u5bb9\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u653f\u7b56\u5206\u4e0d\u5f00\u7684\u3002\u5510\u300a\u6237\u4ee4\u300b\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6ca1\u843d\u5916\u8543\u5f97\u8fd8\u53ca\u5316\u5916\u4eba\u5f52\u671d\u8005\uff0c\u6240\u5728\u5dde\u9547\u7ed9\u8863\u98df\uff0c\u5177\u72b6\u9001\u7701\u594f\u95fb\u3002\u5316\u5916\u4eba\u4e8e\u5bbd\u4e61\u5b89\u7f6e\u3002\u201d[44]\u53e6\u5916\u8fd8\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u201c\u5916\u8543\u4eba\u6295\u5316\u8005\u590d\u5341\u5e74\u201d[45]\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u514d\u5341\u5e74\u79df\u7a0e\u548c\u5fad\u5f79\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4f18\u539a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u5f53\u7136\u4f7f\u5f97\u65b0\u7f57\u4fa8\u6c11\u4eec\u4e50\u4e0d\u601d\u5f52\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

1\uff09\u8d74\u5510\u4e4b\u65b0\u7f57\u7559\u5b66\u751f<\/p>\n

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2\uff09\u8d74\u534e\u4e4b\u65b0\u7f57\u6c42\u6cd5\u50e7<\/p>\n

\u7edf\u4e00\u65b0\u7f57\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u50e7\u4eba\u7684\u5927\u6279\u6765\u534e[48]\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5404\u5927\u4f5b\u6559\u5b97\u6d3e\u7eb7\u7eb7\u4f20\u5165\u65b0\u7f57\u3002\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u7684\u4e94\u6559\u4e5d\u5c71\uff08\u4e94\u6559\u6307\u5f8b\u5b97\u3001\u6d85 \u5b97\u3001\u534e\u4e25\u5b97\u3001\u6cd5\u6027\u5b97\u3001\u6cd5\u76f8\u5b97\uff0c\u4e5d\u5c71\u6307\u7985\u5b97\u5206\u7acb\u4e8e\u4e5d\u8fe6\u667a\u3001\u5b9d\u76f8\u3001\u6850\u91cc\u3001 \u5800\u3001\u51e4\u6797\u3001\u72ee\u5b50\u3001\u5723\u4f4f\u3001\u66e6\u9633\u3001\u987b\u5f25\u5c71\uff09\u9664\u4e86\u987b\u5f25\u5c71\u5f00\u521b\u4e8e\u9ad8\u4e3d\u738b\u671d\u521d\u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u5747\u5f00\u521b\u4e8e\u65b0\u7f57\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u5728\u7edf\u4e00\u65b0\u7f57\u8d74\u534e\u50e7\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6709\u4e49\u6e58\u3001\u6167\u8d85\u3001\u5730\u85cf\u3001\u65e0\u76f8\u7b49\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e49\u6e58\u4e8e\u9f99\u6714\u4e8c\u5e74\uff08662\uff09\u5165\u5510\u6c42\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e08\u4ece\u7ec8\u5357\u5c71\u81f3\u76f8\u5bfa\u4e4b\u667a\u4fe8\uff0c\u53c2\u8be2\u300a\u534e\u4e25\u300b\u4e49\u8981\u3002\u54b8\u4ea8\u4e8c\u5e74\uff08671\uff09\u5f52\u56fd\u3002\u4e49\u6e58\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u534e\u4e25\u5b97\u4e09\u7956\u8d24\u9996\u662f\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u4e24\u4eba\u60c5\u8c0a\u5f88\u6df1\u3002\u540e\u6765\u8d24\u9996\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u65b0\u7f57\u50e7\u80dc\u8be0\u5f52\u56fd\uff0c\u8d24\u9996\u8ba9\u80dc\u8be0\u5c06\u300a\u534e\u4e25\u63a2\u7384\u8bb0\u300b\u7b49\u4e66\u7a3f\u9001\u7ed9\u4e49\u6e58\u3002[49]\u4e49\u6e58\u5373\u636e\u6b64\u5728\u65b0\u7f57\u5f18\u5e03\u534e\u4e25\u6559\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u65b0\u7f57\u7684\u534e\u4e25\u5b97\u4e5f\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u6210\u719f\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e49\u6e58\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u5f18\u626c\u548c\u738b\u5ba4\u5bf9\u534e\u4e25\u5b97\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4e49\u6e58\u95e8\u4e0b\u4fe1\u5f92\u751a\u591a\uff0c\u4e00\u65f6\u851a\u6210\u4e00\u5927\u5b97\u6d3e\u3002\u65b0\u7f57\u7684\u4e94\u53f0\u5c71\u4e5f\u4ece\u6b64\u6210\u4e3a\u4ee5\u65b0\u7f57\u534e\u4e25\u5b97\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u5723\u5730\uff0c\u4e49\u6e58\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u7f57\u4f5b\u6559\u201c\u5341\u5723\u201d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6167\u8d85\u5f31\u51a0\u5165\u5510\uff0c\u7ea6\u4e8e\u5f00\u5143\u4e03\u5e74\uff08719\uff09\u524d\u540e\u5faa\u6d77\u8d74\u5370\u5ea6\u3002\u95ee\u9053\u5de1\u793c\u5341\u4f59\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u53d6\u9053\u4e2d\u4e9a\uff0c\u8de8\u8d8a\u8471\u5cad\uff0c\u4ece\u4e1d\u7ef8\u4e4b\u8def\u8fd8\u81f3\u957f\u5b89\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u8bb0\u300a\u5f80\u4e94\u5929\u7afa\u56fd\u4f20\u300b\u4e09\u5377\u6b8b\u672c\u5728\u6566\u714c\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u5357\u4e9a\u6b21\u5927\u9646\u3001\u897f\u4e9a\u3001\u4e2d\u4e9a\u7684\u4e94\u5341\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5bf9\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5730\u7406\u3001\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e2d\u4e9a\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u53f2\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u53f2\u3001\u6c11\u4fd7\u53f2\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u53f2\u3001\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u53f2\u7b49\u7814\u7a76\u5747\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u6167\u8d85\u8fd8\u5510\u540e\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u51e0\u5e74\u4f11\u6574\uff0c\u4e8e\u5f00\u5143\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u5e74\uff08733\uff09\u4ece\u5370\u5ea6\u6765\u534e\u5bc6\u6559\u9ad8\u50e7\u91d1\u521a\u667a\u7814\u4e60\u745c\u4f3d\u5bc6\u6559\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u4e8b\u4f5b\u7ecf\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5352\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5730\u85cf\u672c\u4e3a\u65b0\u7f57\u738b\u65cf\uff0c\u4e8e\u5f00\u5143\u5e74\u95f4\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5d\u534e\u5c71\u82e6\u884c\u4fee\u9053\u3002\u5efa\u4e2d\uff08780\u2014783\uff09\u521d\uff0c\u523a\u53f2\u5f20\u4e25\u594f\u8bf7\u671d\u5ef7\u6555\u8d50\u5176\u5bfa\u4e3a\u201c\u5316\u6210\u5bfa\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u65b0\u7f57\u50e7\u4fd7\u8ffd\u98ce\u6e21\u6d77\u6295\u5176\u95e8\u4e0b\uff0c\u5316\u6210\u5bfa\u4e00\u65f6\u50e7\u5f92\u6d4e\u6d4e\uff0c\u4fe8\u7136\u4e00\u5927\u540d\u5239\u3002\u5510\u671d\u5927\u8bd7\u4eba\u674e\u767d\u6f2b\u6e38\u4e5d\u534e\u5c71\u65f6\uff0c\u66fe\u4e0e\u5730\u85cf\u76f8\u5584\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u674e\u767d\u7684\u300a\u5730\u85cf\u83e9\u8428\u8d5e\u300b\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u8d5e\u9882\u3002\u8d1e\u5143\u5341\u5e74\uff08794\uff09\uff0c\u5730\u85cf\u5750\u706d\u4e8e\u672c\u5bfa\uff0c\u5e74\u4e5d\u5341\u4e5d\u5c81\u3002\u636e\u300a\u5168\u5510\u6587\u300b\u5377694\u8d39\u51a0\u537f\u300a\u4e5d\u534e\u5c71\u5316\u6210\u5bfa\u8bb0\u300b\u8f7d\uff0c\u5730\u85cf\u5165\u5bc2\u540e\uff0c\u9887\u591a\u7075\u5e94\u745e\u5146\uff0c\u4e0e\u4f5b\u7ecf\u4e2d\u5730\u85cf\u83e9\u8428\u4e4b\u745e\u76f8\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u4fe1\u5f92\u4eec\u628a\u4ed6\u5f53\u4f5c\u5730\u85cf\u83e9\u8428\u7684\u5316\u8eab\u800c\u52a0\u4ee5\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4f9b\u5949\uff0c\u4e5d\u534e\u5c71\u4ece\u6b64\u6210\u4e3a\u76db\u5927\u7684\u9999\u706b\u5730\uff0c\u540d\u5217\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5b\u6559\u56db\u5927\u540d\u5c71\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5730\u85cf\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f71\u54cd\u6781\u5927\u3002\u676d\u5dde\u7075\u9690\u5bfa\u5927\u96c4\u5b9d\u6bbf\u540e\u58c1\u7684\u201c\u5584\u8d22\u7ae5\u5b50\u4e94\u5341\u4e09\u53c2\u201d\u7acb\u4f53\u7fa4\u96d5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u5730\u85cf\u7684\u5851\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e0\u76f8\uff0c\u4fd7\u59d3\u91d1\uff0c\u65b0\u7f57\u56fd\u738b\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b50\uff0c\u5f00\u5143\u5341\u516d\u5e74\uff08728\uff09\u6765\u957f\u5b89\uff0c\u4e3a\u7384\u5b97\u53ec\u89c1\uff0c\u6555\u96b6\u7985\u5b9a\u5bfa\uff0c\u540e\u5165\u8700\u8c12\u8d44\u5dde\u5fb7\u7eaf\u5bfa\u667a\u8bdc\uff08\u7985\u5b97\u4e94\u7956\u5f18\u5fcd\u5f1f\u5b50\uff09\u9057\u8ff9\uff0c\u5e76\u793c\u5510\u548c\u5c1a\u5904\u5bc2\uff08\u667a\u8bdc\u5f1f\u5b50\uff09\u4e3a\u5e08\uff0c\u53d7\u5904\u5bc2\u6cd5\u5370\u3002\u7ae0\u4ec7\u517c\u743c\u9547\u8700\uff0c\u8bf7\u65e0\u76f8\u5f00\u5f18\u7985\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c45\u9759\u4f17\u5bfa\u3002\u5b89\u53f2\u4e71\u4e2d\uff0c\u7384\u5b97\u5e78\u8700\uff0c\u9a7b\u8df8\u6210\u90fd\uff0c\u8fce\u65e0\u76f8\u5165\u5185\u6bbf\u4f9b\u517b\uff0c\u53c8\u547d\u65e0\u76f8\u89c4\u5212\u5927\u5723\u6148\u5bfa\u3002\u65e0\u76f8\u8fd8\u5728\u8700\u5174\u5efa\u4e86\u83e9\u63d0\u5bfa\u3001\u5b81\u56fd\u5bfa\uff0c\u5728\u6210\u90fd\u5316\u5bfc\u4f17\u751f\u4e8c\u5341\u4f59\u5e74\uff0c\u5b9d\u5e94\u5143\u5e74\uff08762\uff09\u5750\u5316\u3002\u7985\u5b97\u66f9\u6d1e\u5b97\u9a6c\u7956\u9053\u4e00\u6295\u767e\u4e08\u6000\u6d77\u524d\u66fe\u5e08\u4e8b\u65e0\u76f8\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u5f18\u6cd5\u4ecd\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u65e0\u76f8\u7684\u6cd5\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u5176\u5728\u7985\u5b97\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4f59\u5982\u6587\u767b\u8d64\u5c71\u6751\u7684\u65b0\u7f57\u6cd5\u534e\u9662\u5185\u7684\u4e09\u5341\u4e94\u540d\u50e7\u4eba\u5168\u662f\u65b0\u7f57\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u9664\u56db\u540d\u7985\u50e7\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u5168\u662f\u6cd5\u534e\u50e7\u3002\u8be5\u9662\u7684\u5ff5\u8bf5\u3001\u8bb2\u8bf4\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u517c\u6709\u65b0\u7f57\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5bfa\u9662\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u201c\u5176\u8bb2\u7ecf\u793c\u5fcf\u7686\u636e\u65b0\u7f57\u98ce\u4fd7\uff0c\u4f46\u9ec4\u660f\u5bc5\u671d\u4e8c\u65f6\u793c\u5fcf\u4e14\u4f9d\u5510\u98ce\uff0c\u81ea\u4f59\u5e76\u4f9d\u65b0\u7f57\u8bed\u97f3\u3002\u5176\u96c6\u4f1a\uff0c\u9053\u4fd7\u8001\u5c11\u5c0a\u5351\u603b\u662f\u65b0\u7f57\u4eba\u3002\u201d[50]<\/p>\n

3\uff09\u65b0\u7f57\u574a\u53ca\u6765\u5510\u4ece\u4e8b\u5176\u4ed6\u804c\u4e1a\u7684\u65b0\u7f57\u4fa8\u6c11[51]<\/p>\n

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\u516b\u81f3\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u5728\u5510\u7684\u6cbf\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4ee5\u65b0\u7f57\u5546\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u65b0\u7f57\u4fa8\u6c11\u7684\u805a\u5c45\u533a\u2014\u2014\u65b0\u7f57\u574a\u3002\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u6765\u534e\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u50e7\u5706\u4ec1\u6240\u64b0\u300a\u5165\u5510\u6c42\u6cd5\u5de1\u793c\u884c\u8bb0\u300b\u4e2d\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5173\u4e8e\u65b0\u7f57\u574a\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u636e\u4ed6\u8bb0\u8ff0\uff0c\u626c\u5dde\u3001\u695a\u5dde\u3001\u5bc6\u5dde\u3001\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u8bf8\u57ce\uff09\u3001\u6d77\u5dde\uff08\u5bbf\u57ce\u6751\uff09\u3001\u6cd7\u5dde\uff08\u6d9f\u6c34\uff09\u3001\u767b\u5dde\uff08\u725f\u5e73\u3001\u6587\u767b\u8d64\u5c71\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u9752\u5dde\u7b49\u5730\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u65b0\u7f57\u4eba\u5c45\u4f4f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u8857\u5df7\u53eb\u65b0\u7f57\u574a\uff0c\u5b89\u7f6e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u65c5\u5e97\u53eb\u65b0\u7f57\u9986\u6216\u65b0\u7f57\u9662\uff0c\u5404\u5730\u5e76\u8bbe\u6709\u7ba1\u7406\u65b0\u7f57\u574a\u7684\u52fe\u5f53\u65b0\u7f57\u6240\uff0c\u5176\u804c\u5458\u3001\u8bd1\u5458\u5747\u7531\u65b0\u7f57\u4eba\u5145\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5176\u4ed6\u53f2\u4e66\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u65b0\u7f57\u4fa8\u6c11\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3002\u5982\u300a\u65e7\u5510\u4e66\u00b7\u5730\u7406\u5fd7\u300b\u5f52\u4e49\u5dde\u6761\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u603b\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5904\u6d77\u5916\u65b0\u7f57\uff0c\u96b6\u5e7d\u5dde\u90fd\u7763\uff0c\u65e7\u9886\u53bf\u4e00\uff0c\u6237\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e94\uff0c\u53e3\u516d\u4e8c\u56db\u3002\u5f52\u4e49\uff0c\u5728\u826f\u4e61\u53bf\u4e4b\u53e4\u5e7f\u9633\u57ce\uff0c\u5dde\u6240\u6cbb\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\u636e\u8003\u53e4\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u5c71\u4e1c\u3001\u6cb3\u5317\u7b49\u7701\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u5c11\u5510\u4ee3\u5f00\u91c7\u7684\u7164\u77ff\u9057\u5740\uff0c\u5176\u5f00\u91c7\u65b9\u6cd5\u90e8\u5206\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u65b0\u7f57\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5305\u62ec\u5f52\u4e49\u5dde\u5728\u5185\u7684\u65b0\u7f57\u4fa8\u6c11\u4e2d\u6709\u4ece\u4e8b\u6316\u7164\u7684\u5de5\u5320\u3002\u300a\u65e7\u5510\u4e66\u00b7\u4e1c\u5937\u65b0\u7f57\u4f20\u300b\u8f7d\u201c\u5143\u548c\u5341\u4e00\u5e74\uff08816\uff09\u65b0\u7f57\u9965\uff0c\u5176\u4f17\u4e00\u767e\u4e03\u5341\u4eba\u6c42\u98df\u4e8e\u6d59\u4e1c\u201d\uff0c\u5510\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\u4e88\u4ee5\u5b89\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u516b\u3001\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5730\u4e0a\uff0c\u5230\u5904\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c1\u5230\u65b0\u7f57\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u5f71\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6587\u5316\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6765\uff0c\u4e3a\u5510\u3001\u7f57\u4e24\u56fd\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n

4.\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41<\/p>\n

\u5510\u671d\u4e0e\u7edf\u4e00\u65b0\u7f57\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u6781\u4e3a\u9891\u7e41\u3002\u53d1\u8fbe\u7684\u6c49\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u65b0\u7f57\u4e43\u81f3\u97e9\u6c11\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7edf\u4e00\u65b0\u7f57\u5bf9\u6c49\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5927\u529b\u5438\u6536\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u6210\u4e3a\u97e9\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6587\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65f6\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u5ea6\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u65b0\u7f57\u4eff\u5510\u4e4b\u5747\u7530\u5236\u5b9e\u884c\u4e01\u7530\u5236\uff0c\u4eff\u5510\u5b9e\u884c\u79df\u5eb8\u8c03\u6cd5\u548c\u6237\u7c4d\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u65b0\u7f57\u8fd8\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u5438\u6536\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5929\u6587\u3001\u5386\u6cd5\u3001\u9634\u9633\u672f\u6570\u4e4b\u5b66\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u79d1\u6280\u3001\u4e50\u821e\u3001\u827a\u672f\u3001\u5de5\u827a\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7b49\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u540c\u5510\u671d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002[63]\u5982\u5510\u90fd\u957f\u5b89\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u5c31\u4e3a\u65b0\u7f57\u90fd\u57ce\u5efa\u8bbe\u6240\u5438\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5510\u7f57\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u8fb9\u5173\u7cfb\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6709\u5173\u5730\u533a\u6d41\u901a\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e1c\u4e9a\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u4e3b\u5e72\u662f\u4ee5\u4e2d\u539f\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5411\u5916\u8f90\u5c04\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u5510\u671d\u4e0e\u65b0\u7f57\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u4e1d\u7ef8\u4e4b\u8def\uff08the Silk Road\uff09\u7684\u4e1c\u5411\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\u4e30\u5bcc\u591a\u5f69\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7ecf\u7531\u6b64\u8def\u4f20\u8fdb\u65b0\u7f57\uff0c\u518d\u7531\u65b0\u7f57\u4f20\u5230\u65e5\u672c\u3002[64]\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u97e9\u534a\u5c9b\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u5217\u5c9b\u7684\u6587\u660e\u6210\u5c31\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ecf\u7531\u6b64\u8def\u4f20\u8fdb\u4e9a\u6d32\u5185\u9646\u4e43\u81f3\u66f4\u8fdc\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fd8\u662f\u8f83\u65b0\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u505a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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