{"id":43648,"date":"2024-11-04T05:40:42","date_gmt":"2024-11-03T21:40:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=43648"},"modified":"2024-11-04T05:40:42","modified_gmt":"2024-11-03T21:40:42","slug":"%e7%99%8c%e7%97%87%e4%b8%8e%e9%87%8d%e7%94%9f%ef%bc%9a%e7%bd%97%e9%a9%ac%e5%b8%9d%e5%9b%bd%e3%80%81%e8%a5%bf%e6%96%b9%e6%96%87%e6%98%8e%e4%b8%8e%e5%9f%ba%e7%9d%a3%e5%ae%97%e6%95%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=43648","title":{"rendered":"\u764c\u75c7\u4e0e\u91cd\u751f\uff1a\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u3001\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u5b97\u6559"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4f5c\u8005: \u4f55\u5149\u6caa<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u764c\u75c7\u4e0e\u91cd\u751f\u2014\u2014\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u3001\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u5b97\u6559<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cancer and Rebirth: Roman Empire, WesternCivilization and Christianity<\/p>\n

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\u5f15\u8a00<\/strong><\/p>\n

1\u3001\u4eca\u65e5\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6539\u9020\u5e76\u6b63\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u6539\u9020\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6240\u6709\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff08\u5728\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u660e\u65b9\u9762\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u5236\u5ea6\u6587\u660e\u65b9\u9762\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6b21\u4e4b\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u660e\u65b9\u9762\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6700\u5c0f\uff09\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5f15\u9886\u8005\uff0c\u7684\u786e\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u4f55\u4ee5\u80fd\u591f\u5982\u6b64\uff1f<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u540c\u6240\u8c13\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7edf\u4e00\u4f53\uff0c\u5176\u95f4\u786e\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5e76\u65e0\u6839\u672c\u7684\u65ad\u88c2\u3002\u9020\u6210\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u9769\u547d\u548c\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u6e90\u5168\u90fd\u8574\u542b\u4e8e\u4e2d\u53e4\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u800c\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u201d\u601d\u6f6e\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u548c\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u524d\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5e76\u4fc3\u6210\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u77eb\u6b63\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u751f\u547d\u529b\u4ece\u4f55\u800c\u6765\uff1f<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u63d0\u5230\u201c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u201d\uff0c\u591a\u534a\u4ece\u5730\u57df\u7740\u773c\uff0c\u628a\u53e4\u4ee3\u5e0c\u814a\u7f57\u9a6c\u6587\u660e\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\uff08Classical Civilization\uff09\u89c6\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u7684\u201c\u4e0a\u53e4\u9636\u6bb5\u201d[1]\u6216\u65e9\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\u540c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u4f55\u4ee5\u5728\u5f7b\u5e95\u8870\u4ea1\uff08\u4ee5\u897f\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u706d\u4ea1\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\uff09\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u591f\u751f\u673a\u52c3\u53d1\u3001\u9886\u5148\u4e16\u754c\uff1f<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u8fd120\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u662f\u201c\u4e24\u5e0c\u6587\u660e\u201d\uff08\u5e0c\u814a\u6587\u660e\u3001\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u6587\u660e\uff09\u7684\u201c\u540e\u4ee3\u201d\u4e4b\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u5b97\u6559\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5851\u9020\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u201c\u540e\u4ee3\u201d\u4e4b\u8bf4\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u540c\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\u6709\u5173\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u201c\u540e\u4ee3\u201d\u4e4b\u8bf4\u5374\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u76f8\u4e92\u683c\u683c\u4e0d\u5165\u800c\u4e14\u201c\u9053\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u201d\u7684\u201c\u96c5\u5178\u4e0e\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u201d\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u654c\u89c6\u5bf9\u6297\u800c\u4e14\u5f3a\u5f31\u60ac\u6b8a\u7684\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e0e\u72b9\u592a\u5c5e\u56fd\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u591f\u4e92\u7ed3\u8fde\u7406\u3001\u751f\u513f\u80b2\u5973\uff1f<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u201c\u4efb\u4f55\u6bd4\u55bb\u90fd\u662f\u8e69\u811a\u7684\u3002\u201d\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u55bb\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e0d\u514d\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u6c64\u56e0\u6bd4\uff08A. Toynbee\uff09\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e8c\u5341\u51e0\u79cd\u6587\u660e\u4e2d\u8131\u9896\u800c\u51fa\u3001\u5f15\u9886\u5168\u7403[2]\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u91ca\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u4e0e\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u4e0d\u65f6\u663e\u73b0\u8870\u9893\u548c\u6df7\u4e71\u4e4b\u56e0\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f9b\u5176\u9762\u5bf9\u751f\u5b58\u6311\u6218\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53c2\u8003\uff0c\u66f4\u503c\u5f97\u975e\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u5f15\u4ee5\u4e3a\u9274\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e00\u3001\u764c\u75c7<\/strong><\/p>\n

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1<\/strong>\u3001<\/strong>\u8f89\u714c<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e0d\u4f46\u62e5\u6709\u4ee4\u5f53\u65f6\u6b27\u6d32\u3001\u897f\u4e9a\u548c\u5317\u975e\u5404\u56fd\u95fb\u98ce\u4e27\u80c6\u3001\u5c45\u7edd\u5bf9\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5404\u56fd\u738b\u516c\u5bcc\u8c6a\u998b\u6d8e\u6b32\u6ef4\u800c\u4e0d\u6562\u68a6\u60f3\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u8d22\u5bcc\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u62e5\u6709\u5e9e\u5927\u6709\u6548\u7684\u590d\u6742\u884c\u653f\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53d1\u8fbe\u7684\u5b8c\u5907\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6587\u5b66\u3001\u6cd5\u5b66\u3001\u53f2\u5b66\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u3001\u836f\u5b66\u3001\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u5730\u7406\u79d1\u5b66\u4ee5\u81f3\u519b\u4e8b\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4e3e\u4e16\u7686\u77e5\u3002\u4e14\u4e0d\u8bf4\u7ef4\u5409\u5c14\u548c\u8d3a\u62c9\u65af\u7684\u8bd7\u6b4c\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8bf4\u5965\u7ef4\u5fb7\u7684\u201c\u7231\u7ecf\u201d\u548c\u795e\u8bdd\uff1b\u4e14\u4e0d\u8bf4\u897f\u585e\u7f57\u7684\u653f\u8bba\u96c4\u8fa9\u548c\u54f2\u7406\u6563\u6587\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8bf4\u5362\u514b\u83b1\u4fee\u7684\u300a\u7269\u6027\u8bba\u300b\u548c\u607a\u6492\u7684\u300a\u9ad8\u5362\u6218\u8bb0\u300b\uff1b\u4e14\u4e0d\u8bf4\u674e\u7ef4140\u5377\u7684\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u53f2\u300b\u3001\u5854\u897f\u9640\u7684\u300a\u7f16\u5e74\u53f2\u300b\u548c\u666e\u9c81\u5854\u514b\u7684\u300a\u540d\u4eba\u4f20\u300b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8bf4\u65af\u591a\u4e9a\u6d3e\u3001\u4f0a\u58c1\u9e20\u9c81\u6d3e\u3001\u5e1d\u5e08\u585e\u6d85\u5361\u548c\u7687\u5e1d\u5965\u52d2\u7559\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u52a0\u56fe\u7684\u300a\u519c\u4e1a\u5fd7\u300b\u3001\u74e6\u7f57\u7684\u300a\u8bba\u519c\u4e1a\u300b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8001\u666e\u6797\u5c3c\u90a3\u56ca\u62ec\u4e86\u5929\u6587\u3001\u5730\u7406\u3001\u690d\u7269\u3001\u52a8\u7269\u3001\u77ff\u7269\u3001\u51b6\u91d1\u7b49\u7b49\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u6210\u5c31\u2026\u2026\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u77a5\u90a3\u8bf8\u591a\u7e41\u534e\u90fd\u5e02\u7c07\u62e5\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7684\u7f57\u9a6c\u57ce\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bf9\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\u7684\u8f89\u714c\u7559\u4e0b\u96be\u5fd8\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u57ce\u4e2d\u6797\u7acb\u7740\u65e0\u6570\u7528\u5927\u7406\u77f3\u548c\u4e91\u5c97\u77f3\u5efa\u9020\u7684\u795e\u6bbf\u3001\u67f1\u5eca\u3001\u62f1\u95e8\u3001\u96d5\u50cf\u3001\u55b7\u6cc9\u3001\u5267\u573a\u3001\u6c34\u9053\u3001\u6fa1\u5802\u3001\u7eaa\u529f\u67f1\u3001\u7ade\u6280\u573a\u3001\u51ef\u65cb\u95e8\u3001\u5927\u4f1a\u5802\u2026\u2026\u5927\u591a\u9970\u6709\u7cbe\u7f8e\u6d6e\u96d5\u3001\u5962\u4f88\u8c6a\u534e\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u90fd\u662f\u5b8f\u4f1f\u9ad8\u5927\u3001\u5bcc\u4e3d\u5802\u7687\u3002\u90a3\u5ea7\u4e24\u5343\u5e74\u540e\u4f9d\u7136\u8038\u7acb\u3001\u5438\u5f15\u773c\u7403\u7684\u5706\u5f62\u7ade\u6280\u573a\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u4e09\u5c42\u73af\u4ee5\u5217\u67f1\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u53ef\u5bb95\u4e07\u4eba\uff1b\u4e00\u5ea7\u73b0\u5df2\u4e0d\u590d\u5f97\u89c1\u3001\u96be\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u9a6c\u620f\u573a\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u7adf\u67091800\u82f1\u5c3a\uff0c\u5185\u88c5\u53ef\u575018\u4e07\u4eba\u7684\u6728\u6905\uff01<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3a\u603b\u7ed3\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f1f\u5927\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u5c31\u4e4b\u8f89\u714c\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u897f\u65b9\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u4e00\u76f4\u6cbf\u7528Classical\uff08\u53e4\u5178\u3001\u7ecf\u5178\uff09\u4e00\u8bcd\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u5b83\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u5f53\u4e4b\u65e0\u6127\u3001\u540d\u81f3\u5b9e\u5f52\uff01<\/p>\n

2<\/strong>\u3001\u75c5\u75c7<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\uff08\u6216\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u901a\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684\u5974\u96b6\u793e\u4f1a\u6587\u5316\uff09\u7684\u96c6\u5927\u6210\u8005\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u5de8\u65e0\u9738\u7684\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8f83\u65e9\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5c31\u5df2\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u75c5\u75c7\uff0c\u7528\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u5df2\u7531\u4e8e\u81f4\u764c\u57fa\u56e0\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e9\u671f\u764c\u75c7\u75c7\u72b6\u3002\u8d28\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u5373\u91c7\u7528\u5171\u548c\u5236\u7684\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u663e\u73b0\u51fa\u8bb8\u591a\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n

A<\/strong>\u3001\u8d2b\u5bcc\u60ac\u6b8a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u5143\u8001\u9662\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u8d35\u65cf\u9636\u5c42\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3001\u7530\u5e84\u751a\u81f3\u516c\u5730\uff0c\u7ecf\u5546\u81f4\u5bcc\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u9a91\u58eb\u9636\u5c42\u4f9d\u9760\u5305\u63fd\u6536\u7a0e\u3001\u653e\u9ad8\u5229\u8d37\u3001\u627f\u5305\u516c\u5171\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u805a\u655b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u8d22\u5bcc\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u751f\u6d3b\u9614\u7ef0\uff0c\u7a77\u5962\u6781\u6b32\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u5931\u53bb\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u6d41\u5165\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u96c7\u5de5\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u627f\u62c5\u7e41\u91cd\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u6ca6\u4e3a\u6240\u8c13\u65e0\u4e1a\u6e38\u6c11\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u57ce\u5e02\u8d2b\u6c11\u548c\u65e0\u4ea7\u8005\u7684\u5927\u519b\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u5077\u7a83\u3001\u544a\u5bc6\u3001\u4f5c\u4f2a\u8bc1\u3001\u51fa\u5356\u9009\u7968\u3001\u9886\u53d6\u56fd\u5bb6\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u6700\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n

B<\/strong>\u3001\u56fd\u5bcc\u6c11\u7a77<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u5e7f\u5927\u4eba\u6c11\u7fa4\u4f17\uff08\u5974\u96b6\u3001\u96b6\u519c\u3001\u5931\u5730\u519c\u6c11\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u8d2b\u6c11\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u9677\u4e8e\u8d64\u8d2b\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u7684\u5bf9\u5916\u8d38\u6613\u5e74\u5e74\u5165\u8d85\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d22\u5bcc\u6025\u901f\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u7a7a\u524d\u89c4\u6a21\u3002\u4ec5\u5728\u9a6c\u683c\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u4e00\u5f79\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u519b\u961f\u5c31\u83b7\u5f97\u8c61\u72591\uff0c230\u652f\uff0c\u91d1\u82b1\u73af234\u4e2a\uff0c\u767d\u94f6137\uff0c000\u78c5\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u94f6\u5e01224\uff0c000\u679a\uff0c\u9a6c\u5176\u987f\u91d1\u5e01140\uff0c000\u679a\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u91d1\u94f6\u5668\u76bf\u3002\u5f81\u670d\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u5bcc\u9976\u7684\u94f6\u77ff\uff0c\u66f4\u8ba9\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u884c\u94f6\u5e01\u6709\u4e86\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u7f57\u9a6c\u8d22\u529b\u7a7a\u524d\u96c4\u539a\uff0c\u7765\u7768\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n

C<\/strong>\u3001\u6539\u9769\u53d7\u963b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4eab\u6709\u65e2\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u8d35\u65cf\u6d3e\u6781\u529b\u7ef4\u62a4\u5be1\u5934\u201c\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u8d2b\u82e6\u516c\u6c11\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u6d3e\u52aa\u529b\u6269\u5927\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\u3002\u540e\u8005\u6784\u6210\u7f57\u9a6c\u7684\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6539\u9769\u5374\u5e38\u5e38\u53d7\u963b\u3002\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u8bc1\u662f\u5341\u5e74\u4e4b\u5185\u8fde\u4efb\u4fdd\u6c11\u5b98\u7684\u683c\u62c9\u53e4\u5144\u5f1f\uff1a\u54e5\u54e5\u63d0\u6bd4\u7565\u00b7\u683c\u62c9\u53e4\u63a8\u884c\u571f\u5730\u5236\u5ea6\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u519c\u6c11\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u9ad8\u5b98\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u88ab\u8d35\u65cf\u6d3e\u523a\u6740\uff1b\u5f1f\u5f1f\u76d6\u7ea6\u00b7\u683c\u62c9\u53e4\u7ee7\u627f\u5144\u957f\u9057\u5fd7\uff0c\u7acb\u6cd5\u6df1\u5316\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u6269\u5927\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u53c8\u88ab\u516c\u7136\u6740\u5bb3\u3002\u4e8c\u4eba\u7684\u6539\u9769\u6210\u679c\u88ab\u5e9f\u9664\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u5c42\u6c11\u4f17\u6743\u5229\u88ab\u5265\u593a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5de9\u56fa\u3002<\/p>\n

D<\/strong>\u3001\u4f9d\u9760\u66b4\u529b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7f57\u9a6c\u4f9d\u9760\u5176\u94c1\u62f3\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u519b\u961f\u538b\u670d\u5468\u8fb9\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u4e0d\u5f85\u8a00\uff0c\u5bf9\u5185\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4f9d\u9760\u66b4\u529b\u7ef4\u6301\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002\u8457\u540d\u7684\u9a6c\u7565\u519b\u4e8b\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5f7b\u5e95\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u7f57\u9a6c\u519b\u961f\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u672c\u6765\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u519b\u961f\u7531\u62e5\u6709\u571f\u5730\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u58eb\u5175\u5e73\u65f6\u5728\u5bb6\u79cd\u5730\uff0c\u6218\u65f6\u6b66\u88c5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4fdd\u536b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u56ed\uff1b\u540e\u6765\u5219\u519b\u6c11\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u7531\u7edf\u5e05\u8c62\u517b\u3001\u4e3a\u7edf\u5e05\u593a\u6743\u548c\u4fdd\u6743\u5356\u547d\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

E<\/strong>\u3001\u6c11\u53d8\u9891\u4ecd<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u538b\u8feb\u5fc5\u7136\u6fc0\u8d77\u53cd\u6297\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u8d8a\u662f\u4f9d\u9760\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u51b2\u7a81\u5c31\u8d8a\u662f\u6fc0\u70c8\u3001\u8d8a\u662f\u9891\u7e41\u3002\u5974\u96b6\u3001\u96b6\u519c\u3001\u8d2b\u6c11\u3001\u5931\u5730\u519c\u6c11\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u3001\u9a91\u58eb\u3001\u8d35\u65cf\u5185\u90e8\u5404\u6d3e\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8bf8\u591a\u77db\u76fe\u9519\u7efc\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4e00\u89e6\u5373\u53d1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u6240\u8c13\u5171\u548c\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u4e24\u6b21\u897f\u897f\u91cc\u8d77\u4e49\u3001\u62c9\u4e01\u59c6\u8d77\u4e49\u3001\u963f\u666e\u91cc\u4e9a\u8d77\u4e49\u3001\u65af\u5df4\u8fbe\u514b\u8d77\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u610f\u5927\u5229\u672c\u571f\u7684\u201c\u540c\u76df\u6218\u4e89\u201d\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fde\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\uff0c\u56fd\u65e0\u5b81\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8bf4A\u2014D\u8fd9\u51e0\u70b9\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e43\u662f\u75c5\u6839\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48E\u70b9\u5219\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u75c5\u6839\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u75c5\u53d8\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u89c2\u5ff5\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e8b\u53d8\uff08\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e0a\u5c42\u53d8\u52a8\u7b49\u653f\u6cbb\u4e8b\u53d8\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u793e\u4f1a\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n

3<\/strong>\u3001\u8150\u70c2<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e2a\u4f53\u764c\u75c7\u7684\u75c5\u7406\uff0c\u662f\u53d8\u5f02\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u6210\u56e2\u75af\u957f\uff0c\u4e0e\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u4e89\u593a\u8425\u517b\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u53d7\u6291\u5236\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5668\u5b98\u8150\u70c2\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u6587\u660e\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4eba\u6027\u53d8\u5f02\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u96c6\u56e2\uff0c\u4e89\u5360\u793e\u4f1a\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u53d7\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u793e\u4f1a\u673a\u5236\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u51b2\u7a81\u52a0\u5267\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6587\u660e\u706d\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u548c\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u6b63\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff1a\u4eba\u6027\u53d8\u5f02\u9010\u6e10\u52a0\u5267\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u9053\u5fb7\u666e\u904d\u6ed1\u5761\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4eba\u6027\u53d8\u5f02\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u6ed1\u5761\u662f\u7531\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u9020\u6210\u5e76\u52a0\u5f3a\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u3001\u65e5\u76ca\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5bfc\u81f4\u6587\u660e\u89c4\u5219\u9010\u6b65\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u5d29\u6e83\u706d\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u524d\u8ff0\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6210\u6587\u7684\u548c\u4e0d\u6210\u6587\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u60ef\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6216\u9690\u6216\u663e\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u89c4\u5219\uff09\u5bf9\u4eba\u6027\u53d8\u5f02\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u6ed1\u5761\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u201c\u8d2b\u5bcc\u60ac\u6b8a\u201d\u5fc5\u7136\u5bfc\u81f4\u5ac9\u5992\u3001\u5962\u9761\u3001\u4ec7\u6068\uff0c\u201c\u56fd\u5bcc\u6c11\u7a77\u201d\u5fc5\u7136\u5bfc\u81f4\u5fff\u61d1\u3001\u7edd\u671b\u3001\u51b7\u6f20\uff0c\u201c\u6539\u9769\u53d7\u963b\u201d\u5fc5\u7136\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f60\u4e89\u6211\u593a\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u81ea\u79c1\uff0c\u201c\u4f9d\u9760\u66b4\u529b\u201d\u5fc5\u7136\u5bfc\u81f4\u6f20\u89c6\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6b8b\u9177\u65e0\u60c5\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u7ecf\u5e38\u5927\u5174\u571f\u6728\u3001\u4e3e\u884c\u5e86\u5178\u3001\u70ab\u8000\u56fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e0a\u5c42\u76db\u884c\u9634\u8c0b\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u5956\u52b1\u544a\u5bc6\u3001\u4e89\u6743\u593a\u5229\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5fc5\u7136\u9020\u6210\u8ffd\u6c42\u6d6e\u534e\u548c\u611f\u5b98\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u5c14\u865e\u6211\u8bc8\u548c\u73a9\u4e16\u4e0d\u606d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u98ce\u6c14\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u7ecf\u5e38\u5730\u4e3e\u884c\u89d2\u6597\u58eb\u8868\u6f14\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u517b\u6210\u8f7b\u8d31\u751f\u547d\u548c\u51b7\u8840\u6b8b\u5fcd\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5956\u52b1\u653f\u6cbb\u6027\u544a\u5bc6\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u6ecb\u957f\u5be1\u5ec9\u9c9c\u803b\u548c\u80cc\u4fe1\u5f03\u4e49\uff0c\u4e8e\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\u4e0d\u4e49\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u60ef\u4f8b\u5bf9\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u8150\u8680\u4e4b\u91cd\u3001\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7834\u574f\u4e4b\u70c8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8150\u70c2\u6216\u6e83\u8d25\u5f53\u7136\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u8d77\u521d\u662f\u82cf\u62c9\u5b9e\u884c\u660e\u663e\u8fdd\u80cc\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u72ec\u88c1\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u516c\u6c11\u4f1a\u8bae\u548c\u4fdd\u6c11\u5b98\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6740\u5bb3\u653f\u654c\uff0c\u538b\u5236\u7ecf\u5546\u81f4\u5bcc\u9636\u5c42\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u6a2a\u5f81\u66b4\u655b\u81f4\u4f7f\u5730\u65b9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d7\u635f\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5e38\u56e0\u519c\u6c11\u571f\u5730\u548c\u8d2b\u6c11\u7cae\u98df\u95ee\u9898\u5f15\u8d77\u793e\u4f1a\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u7136\u540e\u662f\u51ef\u6492\u4f9d\u9760\u542c\u547d\u4e8e\u5df1\u7684\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u201c\u65e0\u9650\u671f\u72ec\u88c1\u201d\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u53d1\u653e\u7cae\u98df\u6551\u6d4e\u3001\u4e3e\u529e\u516c\u5171\u5a31\u4e50\u6765\u6536\u4e70\u4eba\u5fc3\u3001\u6811\u7acb\u5a01\u671b\uff1b\u4ed6\u5728\u5236\u88c1\u8d2a\u5b98\u6c61\u540f\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u9760\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u5143\u8001\u6570\u76ee\uff0c\u628a\u5143\u8001\u9662\uff08\u8bae\u4f1a\uff09\u4ece\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u7684\u54a8\u8be2\u673a\u6784\uff1b\u4ed6\u66fe\u8f7b\u8511\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u8fd9\u662f\u7a7a\u6d1e\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff01\u201d\u8fd9\u4f4d\u53f7\u79f0\u201c\u7956\u56fd\u4e4b\u7236\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u4ee3\u4f1f\u4eba\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4f7f\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u8715\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5e1d\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u8fdb\u5165\u5e1d\u56fd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\u7684\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\u5f00\u59cb\u6025\u5267\u6269\u6563\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8150\u70c2\u4e5f\u660e\u663e\u5730\u8868\u9762\u5316\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e8c\u3001\u91cd\u751f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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2<\/strong>\u3001\u539f\u56e0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u7cbe\u795e\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u5728\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u897f\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u5e9f\u589f\u4e0a\uff0c\u7ecf\u7531\u539f\u6709\u5c45\u6c11\u3001\u86ee\u65cf\u5c45\u6c11\u548c\u6df7\u8840\u5c45\u6c11\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6587\u660e\u201c\u91cd\u751f\u201d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b97\u6559\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u7688\u4f9d\u8005\u7684\u751f\u547d\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4f7f\u4eba\u6c11\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6c14\u8d28\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e0d\u4f46\u80fd\u521b\u9020\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u80fd\u521b\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u4ee5\u5f80\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3001\u5145\u6ee1\u6d3b\u529b\u7684\u6587\u660e\u3002\u8fd9\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u5c31\u4eff\u4f5b\u9ad8\u660e\u533b\u751f\u7684\u795e\u5947\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u53d1\u751f\u826f\u6027\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4f7f\u6574\u4e2a\u8eab\u4f53\u5eb7\u590d\u3001\u6062\u590d\u6d3b\u529b\u4e00\u6837\u3002[10]<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u201c\u6587\u660e\u91cd\u751f\u201d\u73b0\u8c61\u9020\u6210\u7684\u65b0\u6587\u660e\u5373\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u5176\u4e0e\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\u7684\u201c\u603b\u4f53\u7279\u6027\u201d\u4e4b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7cbe\u795e\u6c14\u8d28\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u65e2\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u201c\u6587\u660e\u91cd\u751f\u201d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u751f\u957f\u7684\u52a8\u56e0\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b0\u751f\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u5185\u5728\u7684\u7075\u9b42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u591f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u5b97\u6559\u6027\u8d28\u6240\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u8981\u6c42\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u201c\u4e0d\u8981\u6548\u6cd5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5fc3\u610f\u66f4\u65b0\u800c\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u53eb\u4f60\u4eec\u5bdf\u9a8c\u4f55\u4e3a\u795e\u7684\u5584\u826f\u3001\u7eaf\u5168\u3001\u53ef\u559c\u60a6\u7684\u65e8\u610f<\/strong>\u201d<\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66\u300b12\uff1a2\uff09\uff1b\u8036\u7a23\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c<\/strong>\u6211\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u53eb\u4eba\u5f97\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f97\u7684\u66f4\u4e30\u76db<\/strong>\u201d<\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u7ea6\u7ff0\u798f\u97f3\u300b10\uff1a10\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u90a3\u4e0e\u795e\u6027\u5e76\u5217\u800c\u5408\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u6027\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u90a3\u7231\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5e76\u4e14\u7231\u4eba\u5982\u5df2\u7684\u4eba\u683c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u3001\u6b7b\u4e0e\u590d\u6d3b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u90a3\u4e0e\u4f17\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u65e0\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4ece\u5c11\u6570\u4f7f\u5f92\u5230\u5343\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\u3001\u4ece\u51e1\u592b\u4fd7\u5b50\u5230\u5e1d\u738b\u5c06\u76f8\u7684\u751f\u547d\u548c\u7075\u9b42\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u3001\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u4e16\u754c\u53d1\u751f\u5de8\u53d8\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u5b83\u63d0\u9ad8\u5230\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u53d1\u751f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u5e73\u51e1\u61e6\u5f31\u3001\u4f5c\u9e1f\u517d\u6563\u7684\u5341\u4e8c\u4f7f\u5f92\u53d8\u6210\u52c7\u6562\u575a\u6bc5\u3001\u201c\u6405\u4e71\u5929\u4e0b\u201d\u7684\u6b89\u9053\u8005\uff0c\u4ece\u8feb\u5bb3\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u626b\u7f57\u53d8\u6210\u4f20\u626c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u4fdd\u7f57\uff0c\u4ece\u88ab\u7838\u6b7b\u7684\u53f8\u63d0\u53cd\u548c\u201c\u6b63\u4e49\u8005\u201d\u96c5\u5404\u5e03\u5230\u88ab\u6295\u8fdb\u72ee\u864e\u4e4b\u53e3\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u6570\u201d\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u8457\u540d\u53f2\u5bb6\u5854\u897f\u9640\u8bed\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u52c7\u5bf9\u201c\u6740\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0d\u80fd\u6740\u7075\u9b42\u201d\u8005\u5e76\u4e14\u201c\u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u6b63\u4e49\u65b9\u9762\u4e0d\u4e9a\u4e8e\u771f\u6b63\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u201d\u7684\u666e\u901a\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u8457\u540d\u533b\u751f\u76d6\u4f26\u8bed\uff09\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u666e\u901a\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4f60\u4eec\u82e5\u7231\u6211\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u9075\u5b88\u6211\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\u201d\uff08\u300a\u7ea6\u7ff0\u798f\u97f3\u300b14\uff1a15\uff09\uff0c\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u5f7c\u5f97\u7684\u8b66\u544a\u2014\u2014\u201c\u5f80\u65e5\u968f\u4ece\u5916\u90a6\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u610f\u884c\u90aa\u6deb\u3001\u6076\u6b32\u3001\u9189\u9152\u3001\u8352\u5bb4\u3001\u7fa4\u996e\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u6076\u62dc\u5076\u50cf\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u65f6\u5019\u5df2\u7ecf\u591f\u4e86<\/strong>\u201d\uff08\u300a\u5f7c\u5f97\u524d\u4e66\u300b4\uff1a3\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u968f\u4ece\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4e8e\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u6068\u6076\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u6307\u8d23\u4ed6\u4eec\u201c\u4e0d\u53c2\u52a0\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8868\u6f14\uff0c\u4e0d\u52a0\u5165\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6e38\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u51fa\u5e2d\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5bb4\u4f1a\uff0c\u8fd8\u538c\u6076\u795e\u5723\u7684\u7ade\u8d5b\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6240\u8c13\u795e\u5723\u7684\u7ade\u8d5b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5f3a\u8feb\u89d2\u6597\u58eb\u4eec\u540c\u91ce\u517d\u640f\u6597\u6216\u76f8\u4e92\u6b8b\u6740\uff0c\u8ba9\u89c2\u4f17\u53d6\u4e50\uff01\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u5404\u5730\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u90fd\u5c45\u4e8e\u88ab\u793e\u4f1a\u6b67\u89c6\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u548c\u5f31\u52bf\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u4e09\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u957f\u65f6\u671f\u91cc\u65f6\u5e38\u53d7\u5230\u8feb\u5bb3\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u8fd8\u906d\u53d7\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u53d1\u52a8\u7684\u3001\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u7684\u3001\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u3001\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u3001\u6b8b\u9177\u7684\u8feb\u5bb3\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u611f\u52a8\u4e86\u4ece\u7a77\u4eba\u5230\u5bcc\u4eba\u3001\u4ece\u5e73\u6c11\u5230\u8d35\u65cf\u7684\u5e7f\u5927\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u611f\u52a8\u4e86\u58eb\u5175\u3001\u519b\u5b98\u3001\u7687\u65cf\u4ee5\u81f3\u7687\u5e1d\u672c\u4eba\u3002[11]\u6700\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f311\u5e74\u7687\u5e1d\u4f3d\u52d2\u91cc\u4e4c\u65af\u53d1\u5e03\u300a\u5bbd\u5bb9\u6cd5\u4ee4\u300b\uff0c\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u548c\u674e\u9521\u5c3c\u540e\u6765\u4e5f\u4e88\u4ee5\u7b7e\u7f72\uff1b313\u5e74\u540e\u4e8c\u8005\u53c8\u53d1\u5e03\u300a\u7c73\u5170\u6555\u4ee4\u300b\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5408\u6cd5\u5e76\u53d1\u8fd8\u6559\u4ea7\uff1b380\u5e74\u72c4\u5965\u591a\u897f\u4e00\u4e16\u66f4\u5ba3\u5e03\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e3a\u56fd\u6559\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u653f\u7b56\u4e0a\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5f52\u6839\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u521a\u624d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u7688\u4f9d\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u3002[12]<\/p>\n

3<\/strong>\u3001\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u547d\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff1b\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5219\u9010\u6e10\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u98ce\u5c1a\u3001\u4e60\u4fd7\u3001\u60ef\u4f8b\u4e43\u81f3\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53d8\u5316\u4e86\u7684\u3001\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u660e\u4e4b\u5174\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ea\u770b\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5bf9\u7687\u5e1d\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u6539\u826f\uff0c\u4e3e\u5176\u8366\u8366\u5927\u8005\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u5927\u5e1d\u5e9f\u6b62\u5bf9\u5974\u96b6\u65bd\u7528\u70d9\u5211\u548c\u7528\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u9489\u4eba\u7684\u9177\u5211\uff0c\u5eb7\u65af\u5766\u63d0\u4e4c\u4e8c\u4e16\u5e9f\u9664\u628a\u72af\u4eba\u7537\u5973\u4e0d\u5206\u5173\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u6076\u6cd5\uff0c\u74e6\u4f26\u4e01\u5c3c\u5b89\u4e00\u4e16\u53d7\u51ef\u6492\u5229\u4e9a\u4e3b\u6559\u5df4\u897f\u5c14\u5f71\u54cd\u800c\u4e0b\u4ee4\u7981\u6b62\u5815\u80ce\u548c\u6740\u5a74\u6076\u4fd7\uff0c\u72c4\u5965\u591a\u897f\u4e00\u4e16\u4e4b\u5b50\u6d2a\u8bfa\u7559\u7981\u6b62\u6d41\u884c\u4e86\u4e03\u767e\u5e74\u7684\u89d2\u6597\u58eb\u8868\u6f14\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u65bd\u5bc6\u7279(A. Schmidt)\u8bc4\u8bba\u9053\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u6765\u5343\u5343\u4e07\u4e07\u88ab\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u624d\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u4ec1\u6148\u3001\u66f4\u52a0\u6587\u660e\u201d\u3002[13]<\/p>\n

\u7684\u786e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5373\u6bd4\u5e0c\u814a\u7f57\u9a6c\u548c\u5404\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u90fd\u66f4\u52a0\u201c\u4ec1\u6148\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6587\u660e\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u7684\u201c\u5174\u8d77\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\u706d\u4ea1\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u201c\u91cd\u751f\u201d\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6587\u660e\u540c\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u4ec1\u6148\u7684\u6587\u660e\u4e4b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u8bf8\u591a\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e00\u5207\u91cd\u5927\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65bd\u5bc6\u7279\u66fe\u5c06\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5bf9\u6587\u660e\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a15\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002[14]\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bba\u9898\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b5\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5c24\u5176\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\uff0c\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6e83\u8d25\u6216\u8150\u70c2\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u6709\u5176\u5185\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u89c2\u5ff5\u65b9\u9762\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6839\u6e90\uff1a<\/p>\n

A<\/strong>\u3001\u5728\u5bf9\u5f85\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u8f7b\u8d31\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5177\u6709\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4e2a\u4eba\u65e0\u8db3\u8f7b\u91cd\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u624d\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u673a\u5236\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u624d\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f3a\u5927\u201d\u3002[15]\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u4e3a\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u796d\u7940\u800c\u6740\u5bb3\u5a74\u513f\u7684\u6076\u4fd7\u3002\u666e\u9c81\u5854\u514b\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u5a74\u513f\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u727a\u7272\u800c\u5272\u65ad\u54bd\u5589\u65f6\uff0c\u201c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7ad9\u5728\u4e00\u65c1\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u773c\u6cea\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u60b2\u4f24\u3002\u201d[16]\u5973\u5a74\u66f4\u5e38\u88ab\u6740\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4e8e\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u517b\u80b2\u5973\u513f\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u7adf\u53ea\u53601%\uff01\u5728\u65af\u5df4\u8fbe\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u4e00\u751f\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u88ab\u9001\u5230\u796d\u53f8\u5904\u9274\u5b9a\uff0c\u770b\u662f\u5426\u8ba9\u5176\u5b58\u6d3b\u3002\u5f03\u5a74\u5f53\u7136\u66f4\u4e3a\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4e8e\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7f57\u9a6c\u57ce\u7684\u5efa\u57ce\u82f1\u96c4\u548c\u5e0c\u814a\u7684\u4fc4\u8fea\u6d66\u65af\u3001\u5e15\u91cc\u65af\u7b49\u5927\u540d\u9f0e\u9f0e\u7684\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u7adf\u7136\u90fd\u662f\u5f03\u5a74\u3002\u4e3a\u8d2a\u56fe\u4eab\u4e50\u800c\u8282\u80b2\u548c\u5815\u80ce\u4e5f\u5f88\u76db\u884c\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u770b\u91cd\u8d22\u5bcc\u80dc\u4e8e\u5b69\u5b50\u3002\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u3001\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u3001\u897f\u585e\u7f57\u3001\u585e\u6d85\u5361\u7b49\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u63d0\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u5ff5\u6216\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u52a0\u8c34\u8d23\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u8fd8\u8868\u8d5e\u6210\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u4e60\u4fd7\u7684\u53cd\u6620\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u51fa\u73b0\u540e\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u4e66\u5377\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5178\u548c\u6b21\u7ecf\uff09\uff0c\u90fd\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u98ce\u4fd7[17]\u3002\u4e9a\u529b\u5c71\u5927\u7684\u514b\u83b1\u95e8\u3001\u5fb7\u5c14\u56fe\u826f\u3001\u62c9\u514b\u5766\u4fee\u7b49\u6559\u7236\uff0c\u90fd\u5f3a\u70c8\u8c34\u8d23\u6740\u5a74\u5f03\u5a74\u3002[18]\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u901a\u8fc7\u6559\u4f1a\u6cd5\u89c4\u7981\u6b62\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6076\u4fd7\uff08\u4ece\u7b2c4\u523012\u4e16\u7eaa\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u56db\u767e\u591a\u6761\u6559\u4f1a\u6cd5\u89c4\u786e\u8ba4\u751f\u547d\u795e\u5723\uff09\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u901a\u8fc7\u6536\u517b\u5f03\u513f\u3001\u5f00\u529e\u5b64\u513f\u9662\u3001\u7167\u987e\u6b8b\u75be\u4eba\u548c\u5782\u6b7b\u8005\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u5168\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5f85\u751f\u547d\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002[19]<\/p>\n

\u53e4\u5178\u65f6\u4ee3\u8f7b\u8d31\u751f\u547d\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u540c\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u6b8b\u66b4\u6709\u5173\u3002\u7687\u5e1d\u56fe\u62c9\u771f\u66fe\u8fde\u7eed\u4e3e\u884c\u56db\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e86\u5178\uff0c\u671f\u95f4\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e07\u5934\u7272\u755c\u548c\u91ce\u517d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e07\u4e2a\u89d2\u6597\u58eb\u8fdb\u884c\u89d2\u6597\u8868\u6f14\uff1b\u63d0\u56fe\u65af\u4e3a\u5e86\u795d\u7ade\u6280\u573a\u7ae3\u5de5\uff0c\u4e00\u5929\u4e4b\u5185\u8ba9\u4e94\u5343\u89d2\u6597\u58eb\u548c\u91ce\u517d\u6b7b\u4e8e\u573a\u4e0a\u3002\u76f8\u4fe1\u751f\u547d\u5c0a\u4e25\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e3a\u6b64\u9707\u60ca\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u58ee\u4e3d\u6d6e\u534e\u3001\u5149\u5f69\u593a\u76ee\u3001\u88c5\u8154\u4f5c\u52bf\u7684\u80cc\u540e\u90a3\u6b8b\u9177\u65e0\u60c5\u7684\u7075\u9b42\u201d\u3002[20]\u5fb7\u5c14\u56fe\u826f\u5728\u300a\u8bba\u8868\u6f14\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u8c34\u8d23\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b8b\u9177\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5ba3\u626c\u4e86\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6740\u4eba\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8beb\u547d\u7684\u795e\u5723\u6027\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u5974\u96b6\u3001\u6218\u4fd8\u3001\u7f6a\u72af\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u8650\u5f85\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e0d\u89c2\u770b\u89d2\u6597\u6bd4\u8d5b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5e38\u5e38\u62d2\u670d\u5175\u5f79\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u89d2\u6597\u58eb\u8868\u6f14\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f7b\u8d31\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6076\u4fd7\uff0c\u4ece\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6d88\u5931\u3002[21]<\/p>\n

B<\/strong>\u3001\u5728\u6027\u548c\u5a5a\u59fb\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5e0c\u814a\u7f57\u9a6c\u6587\u660e\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u5341\u5206\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u5a5a\u59fb\u56e0\u800c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5c0a\u4e25\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u4ece\u5176\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u795e\u8bdd\u6545\u4e8b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u4e0d\u4f46\u901a\u5978\u548c\u4e71\u4f26\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u540c\u6027\u604b\u548c\u9e21\u5978\u4e5f\u9887\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u7f57\u9a6c\u7687\u5e1d\u5e26\u5934\u641e\u96c6\u4f53\u6deb\u4e71\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u8d35\u5987\u7adf\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5217\u5165\u5993\u5973\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5408\u6cd5\u5730\u6deb\u4e71\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u751a\u81f3\u628a\u9e21\u5978\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u6deb\u884c\u753b\u5728\u5bb6\u4e2d\u5899\u58c1\u548c\u5bb6\u4ff1\u4e0a\uff0c\u6beb\u4e0d\u907f\u8bb3\u5ba2\u4eba\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u8bf4\uff0c\u81ea\u4ece\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u628a\u8fd0\u52a8\u573a\u548c\u6d74\u573a\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff08\u7f57\u9a6c\u57ce\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u57ce\u5e02\u90fd\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u8fd0\u52a8\u573a\u548c\u6d74\u573a\uff09\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6027\u9053\u5fb7\u5c31\u5d29\u6e83\u4e86\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\u626b\u5730\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u65f6\u95f4\u77ed\u6682\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u4eec\u7ed3\u5a5a\u79bb\u5a5a\u90fd\u5f88\u968f\u4fbf\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u7537\u5973\u6743\u5229\u5dee\u522b\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u7537\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u4fbf\u4f11\u59bb\uff0c\u5973\u4eba\u5219\u4e0d\u53ef\u968f\u4fbf\u79bb\u5a5a\u3002\u5973\u4eba\u4ece\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u65f6\u4ee3\u8d77\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u72ec\u81ea\u51fa\u95e8\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u516c\u4f17\u573a\u5408\u8bb2\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u652f\u914d\u4e08\u592b\u7684\u5974\u96b6\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u81ea\u4e3b\u6743\u3002\u7537\u4eba\u4e0e\u672a\u5a5a\u8005\u901a\u5978\u4e0d\u8fdd\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u5973\u4eba\u5219\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u8fdd\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u524d\u8ff0\u8d35\u5987\u4eba\u5217\u540d\u5a3c\u5993\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u9075\u7167\u5723\u7ecf\u300a\u521b\u4e16\u7eaa\u300b\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\uff0c\u628a\u5a5a\u59fb\u89c6\u4e3a\u795e\u5723\uff0c\u5e76\u5021\u5bfc\u4e00\u592b\u4e00\u59bb\u5236\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5728\u8981\u6c42\u59bb\u5b50\u670d\u4ece\u4e08\u592b\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u6c42\u4e08\u592b\u7231\u62a4\u59bb\u5b50\u3002\u8036\u7a23\u5728\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u7537\u5973\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u8a00\u884c\u548c\u6559\u5bfc\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5987\u5973\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u540e\u6765\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6559\u5f92\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u5e38\u4f1a\u8fdd\u80cc\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9010\u6b65\u5730\uff0c\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u6539\u53d8\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6027\u548c\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff08\u6027\u4e8b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u79c1\u5bc6\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u516c\u5f00\uff1b\u5a5a\u59fb\u5341\u5206\u4e25\u8083\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u968f\u4fbf\uff09\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5e76\u4e0d\u7ad9\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u7f57\u9a6c\u53f2\u5927\u5e08\u5409\u672c\u4e5f\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\u3002<\/p>\n

C<\/strong>\u3001\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u670d\u52a1\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u5e7f\u5927\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u6148\u5584\u6551\u52a9\u3001\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u5065\u548c\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u793e\u4f1a\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u7f57\u9a6c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u751a\u81f3\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u540c\u4e0b\u5c42\u4eba\u6c11\u5373\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u56fd\u589e\u5149\u8005\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u65e0\u804a\u6216\u803b\u8fb1\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u4e5f\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u51fa\u4e8e\u653f\u7b56\u63aa\u65bd\u3001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u65bd\u820d\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u51fa\u4e8e\u601c\u60af\u540c\u60c5\u3001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7231\u5fc3\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u6148\u5584\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u666e\u901a\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6ca1\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u611f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u786e\u5b9e\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u6559\u80b2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u65f6\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u9965\u8352\u3001\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u629b\u5f03\u5a74\u513f\u3001\u51fa\u5356\u5e7c\u7ae5\u751a\u81f3\u51fa\u5356\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u5f53\u89d2\u6597\u58eb\u7b49\u8bb8\u8bb8\u591a\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5374\u8bc1\u660e\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6148\u5584\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u800c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f1a\u5219\u51fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u62c5\u8d1f\u8d77\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u8f7d\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u4f1a\u5df2\u5f00\u59cb\u767b\u8bb0\u56f0\u4e4f\u9700\u8981\u8005\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7ecf\u5e38\u8fdb\u884c\u52df\u96c6\u5584\u6b3e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u83b7\u5f97\u5408\u6cd5\u5730\u4f4d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u53c8\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u91cf\u5174\u529e\u5b64\u513f\u9662\u3001\u517b\u8001\u9662\u7b49\u53e4\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u95fb\u6240\u672a\u95fb\u7684\u673a\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u53e4\u5178\u65f6\u4ee3\u4ec5\u6709\u6218\u65f6\u4e3a\u4f24\u5175\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u533b\u7597\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u67d3\u75c5\u540e\u5e38\u88ab\u9694\u79bb\u629b\u5f03\u3002\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u5316\u751a\u81f3\u89c6\u6551\u52a9\u75c5\u4eba\u4e3a\u8f6f\u5f31\u3002\u662f\u6559\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u6551\u52a9\u75c5\u4eba\u4e43\u662f\u521a\u5f3a\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u76f8\u7231\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u559c\u60a6\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u2014\u2014\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u662f\u5177\u6709\u201c\u9769\u547d\u6027\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u5408\u6cd5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9042\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u4e16\u754c\u5f00\u521b\u5e76\u666e\u53ca\u4e86\u533b\u9662\u548c\u6536\u5bb9\u6240\uff08\u63a5\u5f85\u5916\u4e61\u4eba\u3001\u7a77\u4eba\u548c\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\u673a\u6784\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u5404\u5927\u4fee\u4f1a\u548c\u5341\u5b57\u519b\u7684\u201c\u533b\u62a4\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\u201d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u4e0d\u5206\u9636\u7ea7\u3001\u4e0d\u5206\u7537\u5973\u800c\u201c\u6709\u6559\u65e0\u7c7b\u201d\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u90fd\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u6559\u4f1a\u548c\u4fee\u9053\u9662\uff0c\u5c31\u66f4\u662f\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u53f2\u5b9e\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

D<\/strong>\uff0e\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u89c2\u5ff5\u5728\u8d22\u4ea7\u89c2\u5ff5\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\u9119\u89c6\u4f53\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u548c\u897f\u585e\u7f57\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5e0c\u814a\u7f57\u9a6c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u90fd\u6709\u6b64\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u4f9d\u9760\u5927\u91cf\u5265\u524a\u5974\u96b6\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4eab\u53d7\u8212\u9002\u548c\u6240\u8c13\u9ad8\u96c5\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff1b\u5305\u62ec\u57ce\u5e02\u5e73\u6c11\u5728\u5185\u7684\u975e\u5974\u96b6\u5404\u9636\u5c42\uff0c\u90fd\u4ee5\u4eba\u751f\u4eab\u4e50\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u8981\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9119\u89c6\u3001\u538b\u5236\u53c8\u5265\u524a\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u7ec8\u5f52\u4f1a\u8150\u70c2\u548c\u5d29\u6e83\u2014\u2014\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u6700\u540e\u7684\u5883\u51b5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fde\u519c\u6c11\u90fd\u4e0d\u518d\u79cd\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u53c8\u540c\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\u5531\u8d77\u4e86\u53cd\u8c03\uff1a\u8036\u7a23\u672c\u4eba\u662f\u6728\u5320\uff0c\u4fdd\u7f57\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u662f\u5236\u5e10\u7bf7\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\uff1b\u800c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u65e5\u4e0d\u4f5c\u4e00\u65e5\u4e0d\u98df\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u975e\u4e3a\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e43\u4e3a\u52b3\u52a8\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u906d\u5230\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u5ac9\u6068\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5176\u9053\u5fb7\u6e05\u9ad8\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u52e4\u52b3\u81f4\u5bcc\u3002\u540e\u6765\u4fee\u9053\u9662\u5728\u5f00\u8352\u57a6\u5730\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u519c\u4e1a\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u4ea7\u4e1a\u65b9\u9762\u5bf9\u6b27\u6d32\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u53f2\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n

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E<\/strong>\u3001\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u516c\u6b63\u89c2\u5ff5\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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