\u6765\u6e90: \u6700\u7231\u5386\u53f2<\/p>\n
\u4eba\u6f6e\u6c79\u6d8c\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u706b\u8f66\u7ad9\uff0c\u4f20\u6765\u4e09\u58f0\u67aa\u54cd\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4ee3\u7406\u7406\u4e8b\u957f\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u5e94\u58f0\u5012\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
1913\u5e743\u670820\u65e5\uff0c31\u5c81\u7684\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u5728\u56fd\u4f1a\u9009\u4e3e\u5927\u83b7\u5168\u80dc\u540e\u5373\u5c06\u5317\u4e0a\u8d74\u4eac\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u51fa\u610f\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u603b\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u521a\u5230\u8f66\u7ad9\u526a\u7968\u5904\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u5c31\u88ab\u51f6\u5f92\u8fde\u5f003\u67aa\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u67aa\u51fb\u4e2d\u8981\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u524d\u6765\u9001\u884c\u7684\u9ec4\u5174\u3001\u4e8e\u53f3\u4efb\u3001\u5ed6\u4ef2\u607a\u7b49\u4eba\u6025\u5fd9\u5c06\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u9001\u5f80\u533b\u9662\u62a2\u6551\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e24\u5929\u540e\uff0c3\u670822\u65e5\u51cc\u6668\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u4e0d\u6cbb\u8eab\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u9047\u523a\u6848\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u6848\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\uff081882-1913\uff09<\/p>\n
\u540e\u4eba\u8bfb\u53f2\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u5e38\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u89c6\u540c\u591a\u7c73\u8bfa\u9aa8\u724c\u7684\u5012\u584c\uff0c\u5176\u4f7f\u539f\u672c\u76f8\u4e92\u59a5\u534f\u7684\u5357\u5317\u653f\u5e9c\u8d70\u5411\u51b3\u88c2\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4eba\u60b2\u89c2\u5730\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5baa\u653f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c\u5c31\u6b64\u7ec8\u7ed3\uff0c\u6c11\u56fd\u521a\u4e00\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u5c31\u5df2\u540d\u5b58\u5b9e\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n
1<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u653f\u575b\u7684\u660e\u661f\u4eba\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6c11\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u5171\u548c\u4e4b\u8def\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u91c7\u53d6\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f0f\u7684\u603b\u7edf\u53ca\u8bae\u4f1a\u5171\u548c\u5236\uff0c\u5373\u603b\u7edf\u5236\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u5185\u9601\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u5360\u591a\u6570\u7684\u653f\u515a\u9009\u51fa\u5185\u9601\u603b\u7406\uff0c\u5185\u9601\u603b\u7406\u81ea\u5b9a\u5185\u9601\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5728\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4eba\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e24\u79cd\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u662f\u5185\u9601\u5236\u7684\u94c1\u6746\u7c89\u4e1d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u5185\u9601\u4e0d\u5584\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u8fed\u4e4b\uff0c\u603b\u7edf\u4e0d\u5584\u5219\u65e0\u672f\u66f4\u6613\u4e4b\uff0c\u5982\u5fc5\u6b32\u66f4\u6613\u4e4b\uff0c\u5fc5\u81f4\u6447\u52a8\u56fd\u672c\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u8981\u50cf\u65e5\u672c\u660e\u6cbb\u7ef4\u65b0\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u641e\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u5404\u7701\u7eb7\u7eb7\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u5f62\u540c\u865a\u8bbe\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u8981\u5b9e\u884c\u5185\u9601\u5236\uff0c\u7531\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u6570\u515a\u9996\u9886\u51fa\u4efb\u5185\u9601\u603b\u7406\uff0c\u7531\u603b\u7406\u7ec4\u9601\uff0c\u5185\u9601\u5bf9\u8bae\u4f1a\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u603b\u7edf\u5c31\u50cf\u82f1\u56fd\u56fd\u738b\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6709\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u540d\u8a89\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u5b9e\u6743\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5143\u9996\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e16\u88ad\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5219\u662f\u603b\u7edf\u5236\u7684\u62e5\u8db8\uff0c1911\u5e74\uff0c\u6b66\u660c\u9996\u4e49\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u56de\u56fd\u4e3b\u6301\u5927\u5c40\uff0c\u5728\u4e0e\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4eba\u5546\u8bae\u653f\u5e9c\u4f53\u5236\u65f6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5185\u9601\u5236\u4e43\u5e73\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f7f\u5143\u9996\u5f53\u653f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u51b2\uff0c\u6545\u4ee5\u603b\u7406\u5bf9\u56fd\u4f1a\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u65ad\u975e\u6b64\u975e\u5e38\u65f6\u4ee3\u6240\u5b9c\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u5b66\u8005\u8fdf\u4e91\u98de\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b59\u4e3b\u5f20\u96c6\u6743\u4e8e\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a8\u884c\u89c4\u5212\u4e2d\u7684\u519b\u653f\u3001\u8bad\u653f\uff0c\u800c\u5b8b\u5219\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e00\u6b65\u5230\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u5baa\u653f\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4eba\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u5f00\u4f1a\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u4e34\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u603b\u7edf\u5236\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u9009\u4e3e\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u65f6\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u83b716\u7968\uff0c\u53e6\u6709\u4e00\u7968\u6295\u7ed9\u4e86\u9ec4\u5174\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6ca1\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u6267\u725b\u8033\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
1912\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u4e34\u65f6\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u6210\u7acb<\/p>\n
\u6b66\u660c\u8d77\u4e49\u540e\uff0c\u5317\u6d0b\u519b\u9886\u8896\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u706b\u7ebf\u590d\u51fa\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u652f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5468\u65cb\u4e8e\u6e05\u5ef7\u4e0e\u5357\u65b9\u72ec\u7acb\u5404\u7701\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u5317\u6d0b\u519b\u5175\u529b\u5f3a\u76db\uff0c\u5357\u65b9\u72ec\u7acb\u5404\u7701\u96be\u4ee5\u62b5\u6321\u3002\u9769\u547d\u519b\u6218\u65f6\u603b\u53f8\u4ee4\u9ec4\u5174\u7387\u519b\u5728\u6c49\u9633\u4e0e\u5317\u6d0b\u519b\u7684\u51af\u56fd\u748b\u4e00\u6218\uff0c\u624d\u6253\u4e866\u5929\u5c31\u8282\u8282\u8d25\u9000\uff0c\u6c49\u9633\u968f\u5373\u5931\u5b88\u3002\u6b63\u5f53\u51af\u56fd\u748b\u60f3\u8981\u4e58\u80dc\u8ffd\u51fb\u62ff\u4e0b\u6b66\u660c\u65f6\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5374\u547d\u4ee4\u5176\u6682\u7f13\u8fdb\u519b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u6e05\u5ef7\u5c06\u6743\u529b\u503e\u6388\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u6551\u6e05\u5ba4\u4e8e\u5371\u96be\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u5357\u65b9\u72ec\u7acb\u5404\u7701\u6253\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5317\u6d0b\u519b\uff0c\u4e5f\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u58f0\u79f0\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5982\u679c\u53cd\u6b63\uff0c\u5f53\u516c\u4e3e\u4e3a\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ec4\u5174\u4eb2\u81ea\u7535\u544a\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u5e55\u50da\u6768\u5ea6\uff1a\u201c\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u5927\u7edf\u9886\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u65ad\u4e3e\u9879\u57ce\uff08\u8881\u4e16\u51ef)\u65e0\u7591\u3002\u201d\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4eba\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7b97\u6570\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5357\u5317\u8bae\u548c\u8349\u7ea6\u4e2d\u4e5f\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u201c\u5148\u63a8\u7ffb\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u8005\u4e3a\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8c0b\u58eb\u738b\u9521\u5f64\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u6c14\u5df2\u76c8\u6d77\u5185\uff0c\u82e5\u518d\u4ee5\u5175\u529b\u8e42\u4e4b\uff0c\u540e\u60a3\u65b9\u957f\u3002\u4e3a\u8881\u516c\u8ba1\uff0c\u4ea6\u6b8a\u4e0d\u503c\u5f97\u3002\u76d6\u4e13\u5236\u56fd\u4e4b\u5927\u81e3\uff0c\u7acb\u4e0d\u4e16\u4e4b\u529f\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u8def\u53ef\u8d70\uff1a\u4e00\u4e3a\u5cb3\u6b66\u7a46\uff0c\u8eab\u6b7b\u800c\u56fd\u5371\uff1b\u4e00\u4e3a\u66f9\u5b5f\u5fb7\uff0c\u98ce\u5229\u800c\u4e0d\u5f97\u6cca\u4e5f\u3002\u6b64\u4e8c\u8005\u975e\u541b\u6740\u81e3\uff0c\u5219\u81e3\u6740\u541b\uff0c\u5c06\u4f55\u4ee5\u5904\u8881\u516c\u4e4e\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n
\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u7684\u540e\u534a\u7a0b\u7531\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4ed6\u593a\u53d6\u4e86\u6e05\u5ef7\u6743\u67c4\uff0c\u53c8\u5728\u5f97\u5230\u9769\u547d\u515a\u7684\u201c\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u201d\u4e4b\u4f4d\u7684\u8bb8\u8bfa\u540e\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u5ba3\u7edf\u7687\u5e1d\u6ea5\u4eea\u9000\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n
1912\u5e74\uff0c\u6e05\u5e1d\u9000\u4f4d\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u767d\u6361\u4e86\u4e2a \u201c\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u201d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c01\u5efa\u5e1d\u5236\u81f3\u6b64\u7ec8\u7ed3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6743\u529b\u5373\u5c06\u79fb\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u4e34\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u300a\u4e34\u65f6\u7ea6\u6cd5\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c8\u5c06\u603b\u7edf\u5236\u6539\u4e3a\u5185\u9601\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4eba\u7684\u5c0f\u5fc3\u673a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f62\u6210\u653f\u515a\u5185\u9601\u5236\uff0c\u8881\u5c31\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u201c\u865a\u541b\u201d\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u884c\u653f\u6743\u5c06\u7531\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u4eba\u58eb\u638c\u63e1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e00\u6539\u52a8\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e86\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u8fd9\u4e00\u653f\u515a\u8fd0\u52a8\u9ad8\u624b\u5927\u5c55\u8eab\u624b\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n
2<\/p>\n
\u6c11\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u7acb\u5baa\u6d3e\u3001\u9769\u547d\u515a\u7b49\u653f\u6cbb\u52bf\u529b\u5bf9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u672c\u6765\u5145\u6ee1\u671f\u5f85\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
1912\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u5317\u6d0b\u653f\u5e9c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u5185\u9601\u5408\u5f71\uff1a\u53f3\u4e00\u4e3a\u56fd\u52a1\u603b\u7406\u5510\u7ecd\u4eea\uff0c\u5de6\u4e00\u4e3a\u6559\u80b2\u603b\u957f\u8521\u5143\u57f9\uff0c\u5de6\u4e8c\u4e3a\u519c\u6797\u603b\u957f\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\uff0c\u540e\u6392\u4e2d\u95f4\u7a7f\u519b\u88c5\u8005\u4e3a\u9646\u519b\u603b\u957f\u6bb5\u797a\u745e\u3002\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u4e8e\u5f53\u5e747\u6708\u8f9e\u804c<\/p>\n
1912\u5e74\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3001\u9ec4\u5174\u8d74\u5317\u4eac\u89c1\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\uff0c\u5171\u5546\u56fd\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4f1a\u9762\u8fbe13\u6b21\u4e4b\u591a\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u8c08\u4e86\u5927\u534a\u5929\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u5546\u8bae\u4e86\u516b\u6761\u653f\u7eb2\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5174\u529e\u94c1\u8def\u77ff\u5c71\u3001\u8d44\u52a9\u56fd\u6c11\u5b9e\u4e1a\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5bf9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5370\u8c61\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u7ef4\u6301\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u5982\u8881\uff0c\u89c4\u5212\u5c06\u6765\uff0c\u8881\u4e0d\u5982\u6211\u3002\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u76ee\u524d\u8ba1\uff0c\u6b64\u5341\u5e74\u5185\uff0c\u4f3c\u4ecd\u5b9c\u8881\u6c0f\u4e3a\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u6211\u4e13\u5c3d\u529b\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u5341\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u6b32\u6211\u51fa\u6765\u670d\u5f79\uff0c\u5c1a\u4e0d\u4e3a\u8fdf\u3002\u201d\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5fc3\u628a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\uff0c\u4e13\u5fc3\u9020\u4ed6\u90a320\u4e07\u91cc\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u53bb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u7518\u5fc3\u4e3a\u5728\u91ce\u515a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u60f3\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ed6\u7684\u5185\u9601\u5236\u7406\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300a\u4e34\u65f6\u7ea6\u6cd5\u300b\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5728\u53c2\u8bae\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u540e10\u4e2a\u6708\u4e3e\u884c\u56fd\u4f1a\u9009\u4e3e\uff0c\u9009\u51fa\u591a\u6570\u515a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8d74\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u4e3a\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u56fd\u4f1a\u9009\u4e3e\u5b9e\u73b0\u653f\u515a\u7ec4\u9601\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u62fc\u547d\u9020\u515a\uff0c\u5c06\u7edf\u4e00\u5171\u548c\u515a\u3001\u56fd\u6c11\u5171\u8fdb\u4f1a\u3001\u56fd\u6c11\u516c\u515a\u3001\u5171\u548c\u5b9e\u8fdb\u4f1a\u7b49\u56db\u4e2a\u5c0f\u515a\u6d3e\uff0c\u4e0e\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5230\u8fbe\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u4e94\u515a\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u53ec\u5f00\u6210\u7acb\u5927\u4f1a\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4ee51130\u7968\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u603b\u7406\u4e8b\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u529b\u8f9e\u6b64\u804c\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u624b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5728\u91ce\u515a\u9886\u8896\u7684\u804c\u4f4d\uff0c\u6539\u7531\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u4ee3\u7406\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u6210\u4e86\u6c11\u56fd\u521d\u5e74\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u7f14\u9020\u8005\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u9886\u8896\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u751f\u7684\u515a\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u653f\u515a\u6ca1\u6709\u5730\u4e0b\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u8bae\u653f\u7684\u653f\u515a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b27\u7f8e\u5f0f\u7684\u653f\u515a\u3002\u4ed6\u53f7\u53ec\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u505c\u6b62\u4e00\u5207\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5168\u8eab\u5fc3\u6295\u5165\u5230\u9009\u4e3e\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6000\u7740\u5185\u9601\u5236\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u5230\u5404\u5730\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u5e76\u5ba3\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5728\u56fd\u4f1a\u91cc\u5934\u83b7\u5f97\u8fc7\u534a\u6570\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8bae\u5e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5728\u671d\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u515a\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u5185\u9601; \u9000\u800c\u5728\u91ce\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e25\u5bc6\u5730\u76d1\u7763\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u6709\u6240\u60ee\u800c\u4e0d\u6562\u5984\u4e3a; \u5e94\u8be5\u4e3a\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5b83\u6709\u6240\u60ee\u800c\u4e0d\u6562\u4e0d\u4e3a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5bf9\u5176\u8c0b\u58eb\u6768\u5ea6\u53d1\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bc4\u8bba\uff1a\u201c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u895f\u6000\u8c41\u8fbe\uff0c\u662f\u5bb9\u6613\u76f8\u5904\u7684\uff0c\u5929\u771f\u7684\u9ec4\u5174\u4e5f\u597d\u5bf9\u4ed8\uff0c\u9876\u96be\u9a7e\u9a6d\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u3002\u2026\u2026\u4ee5\u66b4\u52a8\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u62a2\u593a\u653f\u6743\uff0c\u6211\u5012\u4e0d\u6015\uff1b\u4ee5\u5408\u6cd5\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u6765\u4e89\u53d6\u653f\u6743\uff0c\u5374\u5389\u5bb3\u5f97\u591a\u4e86\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u5f20\u653f\u515a\u5185\u9601\u7684\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5728\u6c11\u56fd\u521d\u5e74\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u5bf9\u624b\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4e5f\u5927\u529b\u652f\u6301\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u7b49\u7ec4\u7ec7\u653f\u515a\u6765\u5bf9\u6297\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u3002<\/p>\n
1913\u5e74\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c4a\u56fd\u4f1a\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u5e26\u9886\u4e0b\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5728\u53c2\u3001\u4f17\u4e24\u9662\u53d6\u5f97\u538b\u5012\u6027\u7684\u591a\u6570\u5e2d\u4f4d\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u515a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c1913\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u515a\u7c4d\u53ef\u77e5\u8005\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5360\u5168\u9662\u768454.5%\uff1b\u4f17\u8bae\u9662\u515a\u7c4d\u53ef\u77e5\u8005\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5360\u5168\u9662\u768460.4%\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u5927\u80dc\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u8d62\u5f97\u9009\u4e3e\u540e\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u7167\u7ea6\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u515a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u7ec4\u7ec7\u653f\u515a\u5185\u9601\uff0c\u5f53\u4e0a\u5185\u9601\u603b\u7406\uff0c\u5bf9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5f62\u6210\u631f\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u5bf9\u6b64\u8e0c\u8e87\u6ee1\u5fd7\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u6e38\u89c8\u676d\u5dde\u7684\u8bd7\u4e2d\uff0c\u5199\u6709\u201c\u5f90\u5bfb\u5c48\u66f2\u5f84\uff0c\u7ade\u4e0a\u6700\u9ad8\u5cf0\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6d77\u95e8\u6f6e\u6b63\u6d8c\uff0c\u6211\u6b32\u633d\u5f3a\u5f13\u201d\u7b49\u8bd7\u53e5\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u4e0d\u4e45\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u9897\u7f6a\u6076\u7684\u5b50\u5f39\u5728\u4ed6\u5373\u5c06\u5317\u4e0a\u7ec4\u9601\u65f6\u593a\u8d70\u4e86\u4ed631\u5c81\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u94b1\u7a46\u5148\u751f\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4eba\u4e8b\u6c38\u8fdc\u5f3a\u8fc7\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u201c\u81f3\u6b7b\u4e0d\u609f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
3<\/p>\n
\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u81ea\u59cb\u81f3\u7ec8\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u300217\u5c81\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u5fd7\u4e8e\u9769\u547d\u7684\u4ed6\uff0c\u5e38\u4e0e\u4e09\u4e94\u597d\u53cb\u7eb5\u8c08\u65f6\u4e8b\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u72c2\u751f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6765\u81ea\u6e56\u5357\u7684\u5c11\u5e74\u72c2\u751f\u5927\u80c6\u5730\u9884\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u6709\u82f1\u96c4\u8d77\uff0c\u96c4\u8e1e\u6b66\u660c\uff0c\u4e1c\u627c\u4e5d\u6c5f\uff0c\u4e0b\u6c5f\u5357\uff0c\u5317\u51fa\u6b66\u80dc\u5173\uff0c\u65ad\u9ec4\u6cb3\u94c1\u6865\uff0c\u897f\u901a\u8700\uff0c\u5357\u5219\u53d6\u7cae\u4e8e\u6e58\uff0c\u51fb\u9102\u7763\u4e4b\u5934\u4e8e\u8098\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5fd7\u4e8e\u5929\u4e0b\u3002\u201d\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u6b66\u660c\u679c\u771f\u6210\u4e3a\u9996\u4e49\u4e4b\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u300a\u9769\u547d\u519b\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8b66\u4e16\u949f\u300b\u548c\u300a\u731b\u56de\u5934\u300b\u7b49\u9769\u547d\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u6295\u8eab\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u4e0e\u7ae0\u58eb\u948a\u3001\u5218\u63c6\u4e00\u7b49\u9769\u547d\u8005\u4ee5\u9ec4\u517430\u5c81\u751f\u65e5\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u805a\u4f1a\uff0c\u521b\u529e\u4e86\u534e\u5174\u4f1a\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u201c\u9a71\u9010\u9791\u864f\uff0c\u590d\u5174\u4e2d\u534e\u201d\u7684\u5b97\u65e8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u5e74\u4ec522\u5c81\u65f6\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u6d41\u4ea1\u8005\uff0c\u4e3a\u8eb2\u907f\u6e05\u5ef7\u8ffd\u6355\uff0c\u9003\u5230\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u53c2\u4e0e\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
1905\u5e74\uff0c\u534e\u5174\u4f1a\u90e8\u5206\u6210\u5458\u5408\u5f71\uff0c\u524d\u6392\u5de64\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1<\/p>\n
\u5728\u7231\u56fd\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u4e0e\u88ab\u4ed6\u89c6\u4e3a\u4ec7\u654c\u7684\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\u6709\u8fc7\u5408\u4f5c\u30021908\u5e74\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u84c4\u610f\u6311\u8d77\u201c\u95f4\u5c9b\u201d\u9886\u571f\u4e89\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u95f4\u5c9b\uff0c\u5b9e\u4e3a\u6211\u56fd\u5ef6\u5409\u56db\u53bf\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u6b32\u6d3e\u51fa\u519b\u961f\u5360\u636e\u6b64\u5730\uff0c\u800c\u6e05\u5ef7\u660f\u8069\u65e0\u77e5\uff0c\u4efb\u7531\u65e5\u672c\u652b\u53d6\u5229\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6d41\u4ea1\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u5f97\u77e5\u6b64\u4e8b\uff0c\u8d39\u6570\u6708\u4e4b\u529f\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u4e2d\u3001\u65e5\u3001\u4fc4\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u768493\u79cd\u6587\u732e\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u7f16\u8457\u300a\u95f4\u5c9b\u95ee\u9898\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u65e0\u6b7b\u89d2\u5730\u8bba\u8bc1\u4e86\u95f4\u5c9b\u5386\u6765\u4e3a\u6211\u56fd\u9886\u571f\uff0c\u5e76\u6258\u4eba\u5448\u4ea4\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u9a7b\u65e5\u516c\u4f7f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u5f97\u5230\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6750\u6599\u540e\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u9a73\u5012\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u4f2a\u8bc1\uff0c\u5728\u5916\u4ea4\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u4fdd\u4f4f\u4e86\u5ef6\u5409\u56db\u53bf\u56fd\u571f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u3001\u90a3\u6850\u7b49\u6e05\u671d\u5927\u81e3\u542c\u8bf4\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u7684\u624d\u80fd\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u671d\u5ef7\u8d66\u514d\u5176\u53cd\u6e05\u4e4b\u7f6a\u3002\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u8fd8\u81f4\u7535\u9a7b\u65e5\u516c\u4f7f\uff0c\u8bf7\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u56de\u56fd\u4efb\u804c\uff0c\u5374\u88ab\u5b8b\u8c22\u7edd\u3002<\/p>\n
26\u5c81\u7684\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u9762\u5bf9\u9ad8\u5b98\u539a\u7984\u4e0d\u4e3a\u6240\u52a8\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u81ea\u5df1\u53cd\u6e05\u4e0e\u7231\u56fd\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u90fd\u575a\u5b9a\u4e0d\u79fb\uff0c\u56de\u590d\u9a7b\u65e5\u516c\u4f7f\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u67d0\u611a\u4e0d\u5e78\uff0c\u7d20\u6301\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u7acb\u4e8e\u4e0d\u4e24\u7acb\u4e4b\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u2026\u2026\u4eba\u5404\u6709\u5fd7\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u76f8\u5f3a\uff0c\u7b11\u6211\u8a48\u6211\uff0c\u5c82\u6240\u8ba1\u53ca\uff01\u60df\u6b64\u5fc3\u80fd\u89c1\u767d\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u5219\u60df\u884c\u543e\u5fd7\u53ef\u77e3\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u543e\u8457\u6b64\u4e66\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e00\u5757\u571f\uff0c\u975e\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u8d5a\u51e0\u6587\u94b1\u4e5f\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5728\u6e05\u672b\u5c31\u5df2\u89c1\u8bc6\u8fc7\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u7684\u6c14\u8282\uff0c\u4ecd\u5e0c\u671b\u5176\u4e3a\u5df1\u6240\u7528\u3002\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u6210\u4e3a\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u540e\uff0c \u5148\u540e\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e86\u5510\u7ecd\u4eea\u3001\u9646\u5f81\u7965\u5185\u9601\u3002<\/p>\n
1912 \u5e74 8 \u6708\uff0c\u9646\u5f81\u7965\u5185\u9601\u5012\u53f0\uff0c\u521a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0d\u4e45\u7684\u5317\u4eac\u653f\u5e9c\u518d\u6b21\u762b\u75ea\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u6d3e\u4eba\u8bf7\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u51fa\u5c71\u7ec4\u9601\uff0c\u8fd8\u8bf7\u6b64\u65f6\u5230\u4eac\u7684\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u548c\u9ec4\u5174\u51fa\u9762\u529d\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f46\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u90fd\u575a\u5b9a\u5730\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ffd\u6c42\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u5185\u9601\u5236\uff0c\u4e0d\u613f\u6ca6\u4e3a\u9644\u5eb8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u8fd8\u4ee5\u8d44\u52a9\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u540d\u4e49\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u9001\u53bb50\u4e07\u7684\u652f\u7968\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4e0e\u5176\u8fbe\u6210\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u5730\u9000\u4e86\u56de\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n
\u90fd\u8bf4\u8eab\u6b63\u4e0d\u6015\u5f71\u5b50\u659c\uff0c\u4f46\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5c60\u5200\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u653e\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u76f4\u7684\u541b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n
4<\/p>\n
1913\u5e743\u670822\u65e5\uff0c\u75c5\u69bb\u4e0a\u7684\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u4f24\u52bf\u6076\u5316\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e78\u901d\u4e16\uff0c\u4e3e\u56fd\u4e0a\u4e0b\u9707\u60ca\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e34\u7ec8\u524d\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u5411\u540c\u4e3a\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5143\u8001\u7684\u4e8e\u53f3\u4efb\u6258\u4ed8\u540e\u4e8b\uff1a\u201c\u4eca\u4ee5\u4e09\u4e8b\u5949\u544a\uff1a\u4e00\u3001\u6240\u6709\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u3001\u5317\u4eac\u53ca\u4e1c\u4eac\u5bc4\u5b58\u4e4b\u4e66\u7c4d\uff0c\u6089\u6350\u5165\u5357\u4eac\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff1b\u4e8c\u3001\u6211\u672c\u5bd2\u5bb6\uff0c\u8001\u6bcd\u5c1a\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u6211\u6b7b\u540e\uff0c\u8bf7\u514b\u5f3a\uff08\u9ec4\u5174\uff09\u4e0e\u516c\u53ca\u8bf8\u6545\u4eba\u4e3a\u6211\u7167\u6599\uff1b\u4e09\u3001\u8bf8\u516c\u7686\u5f53\u52c9\u52b1\u800c\u884c\uff0c\u52ff\u4ee5\u6211\u4e3a\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u653e\u5f03\u8d23\u4efb\u5fc3\u3002\u6211\u4e3a\u8c03\u548c\u5357\u5317\u4e8b\u8d39\u5c3d\u5fc3\u529b\uff0c\u9020\u8c23\u8005\u53ca\u4e00\u73ed\u4eba\u6c11\u4e0d\u77e5\u539f\u59d4\uff0c\u6bcf\u591a\u8bef\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u53d7\u75db\u82e6\u4e5f\u662f\u5e94\u5f53\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea6\u4f55\u6094\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n
\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u8fd8\u5bf9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5bc4\u4e88\u4e86\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u8eab\u8d1f\u67aa\u4f24\uff0c\u4ecd\u6258\u9ec4\u5174\u4ee3\u62df\u7535\u62a5\uff0c\u8bf7\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u201c\u5f00\u8bda\u5fc3\uff0c\u5e03\u516c\u9053\uff0c\u7aed\u529b\u4fdd\u969c\u6c11\u6743\uff0c\u4ffe\u56fd\u4f1a\u5f97\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0d\u62d4\u4e4b\u5baa\u6cd5\uff0c\u5219\u867d\u6b7b\u4e4b\u65e5\uff0c\u72b9\u751f\u4e4b\u5e74\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u76f4\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u523b\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u4f9d\u65e7\u671f\u5f85\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u633d\u8054\u4e0a\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u4e3a\u5baa\u6cd5\u6d41\u8840\uff0c\u516c\u771f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0e\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5bf9\u65b9\u4e0b\u7684\u624b\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u4e0b\u4ee4\u60ac\u8d4f\u7834\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\u4ec5\u4ec5\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e24\u5929\uff0c\u523a\u5ba2\u6b66\u58eb\u82f1\u4e0e\u5176\u96c7\u4e3b\u6caa\u5de1\u67e5\u957f\u5e94\u6842\u99a8\uff08\u53c8\u540d\u5e94\u5914\u4e1e\uff09\u540c\u65f6\u843d\u7f51\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b66\u58eb\u82f1\u662f\u523a\u5b8b\u6848\u4e2d\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u51f6\u624b\uff0c\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4e0e\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u65e2\u65e0\u79c1\u4ec7\uff0c\u4e5f\u975e\u516c\u654c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ed6\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u540e\u53d7\u5357\u65b9\u88c1\u519b\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u6e38\u8361\u5175\u75de\uff0c\u6d41\u6d6a\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\u8c0b\u98df\uff0c\u5751\u8499\u62d0\u9a97\uff0c\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u4e3a\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b66\u58eb\u82f1\u66fe\u5f53\u8fc7\u5175\uff0c\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u67aa\u652f\uff0c\u624d\u673a\u7f18\u5de7\u5408\u4e0b\u6210\u4e3a\u523a\u5ba2\u7684\u4eba\u9009\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6839\u636e\u6b66\u58eb\u82f1\u7684\u4f9b\u8bcd\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u53d7\u6c5f\u82cf\u9a7b\u6caa\u5de1\u67e5\u957f\u5e94\u6842\u99a8\u7684\u59d4\u6258\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u540e\u8005\u5bf9\u5176\u8bb8\u8bfa\uff0c\u4e8b\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\u53ef\u5165\u5171\u8fdb\u4f1a\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u52301000\u5927\u6d0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5171\u8fdb\u4f1a\uff0c\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u524d\u5e2e\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u534a\u653f\u56e2\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u5e94\u6842\u99a8\u539f\u4e3a\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u5e2e\u4f1a\u5934\u5b50\uff0c\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u65f6\u53d6\u5f97\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u5143\u8001\u9648\u5176\u7f8e\u4fe1\u4efb\uff0c\u4e0e\u9752\u7ea2\u5e2e\u52bf\u529b\u5e2e\u52a9\u9648\u5176\u7f8e\u593a\u5f97\u6caa\u519b\u90fd\u7763\u4e4b\u4f4d\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u5728\u6c11\u56fd\u540e\u6df7\u4e0a\u4e86\u5b98\u804c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ed4\u7ec6\u634b\u4e00\u634b\uff0c\u5e94\u6842\u99a8\u5927\u6709\u6765\u5934\uff0c\u4ed6\u65e2\u662f\u9648\u5176\u7f8e\u8001\u53cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u505a\u8fc7\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u5e9c\u7684\u536b\u961f\u957f\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u9ec4\u5174\u9ebe\u4e0b\u5f53\u8fc7\u5dee\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u9769\u547d\u515a\u81ea\u5df1\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u9648\u5176\u7f8e\uff081878-1916\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5e94\u6842\u99a8\u4e0e\u5317\u6d0b\u7cfb\u4e5f\u6709\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b9e\u4e3a\u5357\u5317\u4e24\u6d3e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53cc\u9762\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u88ab\u6355\u540e\uff0c\u5bb6\u4e2d\u88ab\u641c\u51fa\u624b\u67aa\u4e00\u652f\u3001\u5f39\u58f3\u4e24\u4e2a\u3001\u5bc6\u7535\u672c\u4e09\u672c\uff0c\u624b\u67aa\u5185\u6709\u5b50\u5f39\u4e24\u9897\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0e\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u6709\u5173\u7684\u51fd\u7535\u8bc1\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u79d8\u4e66\u6d2a\u8ff0\u7956\u53d1\u7ed9\u5e94\u6842\u99a8\u7684\u5bc6\u7535\uff1a\u201c\u6bc1\u5b8b\u916c\u52cb\u4f4d\uff0c\u76f8\u5ea6\u673a\u5b9c\uff0c\u59a5\u7b79\u529e\u7406\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bc6\u7535\u7275\u626f\u51fa\u4e86\u6d2a\u8ff0\u7956\u7684\u4e0a\u53f8\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u5185\u9601\u603b\u7406\u8d75\u79c9\u94a7\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u77db\u5934\u5f15\u5411\u4e86\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u6210\u4e3a\u603b\u7406\uff0c\u7531\u8bae\u4f1a\u5360\u591a\u6570\u7684\u653f\u515a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5185\u9601\uff0c\u5bf9\u5317\u6d0b\u7cfb\u800c\u8a00\u662f\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u3002\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u6709\u523a\u6740\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u9047\u523a\u6848\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\u4e00\u8def\u987a\u85e4\u6478\u74dc\uff0c\u5230\u6d2a\u8ff0\u7956\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u65ad\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u66f4\u540a\u8be1\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e0e\u523a\u5b8b\u6709\u5173\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u5728\u4e4b\u540e\u51e0\u5e74\u79bb\u5947\u53bb\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u901d\u4e16\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u51f6\u624b\u6b66\u58eb\u82f1\u7a81\u7136\u66b4\u6bd9\u4e8e\u72f1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b7b\u56e0\u6210\u8c1c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u96c7\u51f6\u6740\u4eba\u7684\u5e94\u6842\u99a8\u5728\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u4e2d\u8d81\u4e71\u8d8a\u72f1\uff0c\u9003\u5230\u9752\u5c9b\u5fb7\u56fd\u79df\u754c\uff0c\u81ea\u79f0\u6740\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u6709\u529f\uff0c\u8981\u5165\u4eac\u8bf7\u8d4f\uff0c\u4e8e1914\u5e74\u5728\u6d25\u4eac\u5feb\u8f66\u4e0a\u9047\u523a\u8eab\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6d2a\u8ff0\u7956\u53cd\u590d\u575a\u79f0\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d1\u7ed9\u5e94\u6842\u99a8\u7684\u7535\u62a5\u4e2d\u201c\u6bc1\u5b8b\u201d\u53ea\u662f\u7834\u574f\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u7684\u540d\u8a89\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u523a\u6740\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\uff0c\u5426\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u7f6a\u3002\u6b64\u540e\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u6d2a\u8ff0\u7956\u8eb2\u5165\u79df\u754c\uff0c\u56db\u5904\u9003\u4ea1\uff0c\u4e8e1919\u5e74\u201c\u4e94\u56db\u201d\u8fd0\u52a8\u524d\u591c\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u60c5\u7eea\u9ad8\u6da8\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u7ede\u5211\u3002<\/p>\n
\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u957f\u671f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u662f\u523a\u5b8b\u7684\u5e55\u540e\u4e3b\u8c0b\u3002\u4f46\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u5f02\u8bae\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u9047\u523a\u6848\u53c8\u6210\u4e86\u672a\u89e3\u4e4b\u8c1c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u636e\u53f2\u6599\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u9047\u523a\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u5230\u5317\u4eac\u65f6\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u66fe\u6115\u7136\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6709\u6b64\u4e8b\u4e4e\uff1f\u201d\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u53bb\u4e16\u5f53\u5929\uff0c\u9ec4\u5174\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u7535\u62a5\u5230\u540e\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u66f4\u662f\u8010\u4eba\u5bfb\u5473\u5730\u611f\u6168\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u597d\uff1f\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5931\u53bb\u5b8b\u906f\u521d\uff08\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u53f7\uff09\uff0c\u5c11\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u4e3b\u8111\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u8d8a\u96be\u8bf4\u8bdd\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u5982\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u6240\u6599\uff0c\u5357\u5317\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u5c40\u9762\u5728\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u9047\u523a\u540e\u6025\u8f6c\u76f4\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e76\u8fc5\u901f\u8d70\u5411\u5206\u88c2\u3002<\/p>\n
5<\/p>\n
1913\u5e74\u4e0a\u6d77\u706b\u8f66\u7ad9\u7684\u5b50\u5f39\uff0c\u523a\u6740\u4e86\u610f\u6c14\u98ce\u53d1\u7684\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\uff0c\u66f4\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u6c11\u521d\u7684\u4e71\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n
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\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4e2d\u7684\u6fc0\u8fdb\u6d3e\u51b3\u5b9a\u53d1\u8d77\u201c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u201d\uff0c\u6b66\u529b\u8ba8\u4f10\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u3002<\/p>\n
1913\u5e745 \u6708\u521d\uff0c\u6c5f\u897f\u90fd\u7763\u674e\u70c8\u94a7\u3001\u5e7f\u4e1c\u90fd\u7763\u80e1\u6c49\u6c11\u3001\u5b89\u5fbd\u90fd\u7763\u67cf\u6587\u851a\u901a\u7535\u53cd\u5bf9\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u201c\u5584\u540e\u5927\u501f\u6b3e\u201d\uff0c\u5357\u5317\u51b2\u7a81\u4e00\u89e6\u5373\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n
7\u6708\uff0c\u674e\u70c8\u94a7\u5ba3\u5e03\u6c5f\u897f\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u7206\u53d1\u3002\u4ec5\u4ec5\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5bf9\u5357\u65b97\u7701\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u5168\u90e8\u4e27\u5931\u3002\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4e0d\u4e45\u540e\u83b7\u9009\u6b63\u5f0f\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u4e0b\u4ee4\u89e3\u6563\u4e86\u56fd\u4f1a\u4e0e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u6539\u5185\u9601\u5236\u4e3a\u603b\u7edf\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
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