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![](\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/1778105009653iambfX.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-05-06T22:03:31Z\/86400\/host\/c766d7edb1458c6d9cd1cf32071076b9e2920a6c4835b3f890160287a29eee20\")
<\/p>\n
\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u4e3b\u8981\u5730\u70b9\u56fe<\/p>\n
\u54c8\u5e0c\u59c6\u738b\u671d\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bf9\u5176\u7684\u51dd\u805a\u529b\uff0c30\u5e74\u4ee3\u653f\u53d8\u6697\u6740\u6d3b\u52a8\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u6444\u653f\u738b\u6210\u4e3a\u6781\u7aef\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6218\u4e89\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\uff0c\u4eb2\u82f1\u7684\u57c3\u7c73\u5c14\u00b7\u963f\u535c\u675c\u62c9\u4ee35\u5c81\u7684\u8d39\u8428\u5c14\u4e8c\u4e16\u7ba1\u7406\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u3002\u7531\u4f0a\u519b\u56db\u540d\u4e0a\u6821\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u9634\u8c0b\u96c6\u56e2\u7ef0\u53f7\u201c\u9ec4\u91d1\u5e7f\u573a\u201d\uff08The Golden Square\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bc6\u8c0b\u63a8\u7ffb\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u54c8\u5e0c\u59c6\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\uff0c\u9a71\u9010\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5230 1940\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5728\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u653f\u575b\u4e2d\u62e5\u6709\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5386\u5c4a\u653f\u5e9c\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u519b\u961f\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u81ea 1930\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5927\u4f7f\u5f17\u91cc\u8328\u00b7\u683c\u7f57\u5df4\uff08Fritz Grobba\uff09\u4e00\u76f4\u79ef\u6781\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u4eec\u30021941\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u7684\u653f\u5c40\u8fc5\u901f\u52a8\u8361\uff0c\u65b0\u603b\u7406\u62c9\u5e0c\u5fb7\u00b7\u963f\u91cc\u00b7\u76d6\u62c9\u5c3c\uff08Rashid Ali al-Gaylani\uff09\u662f\u6050\u82f1\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u5185\u9601\u5206\u9053\u626c\u9573\uff0c\u6444\u653f\u738b\u4e8e1\u670828\u65e5\u4efb\u547d\u4e86\u4e24\u540d\u65b0\u90e8\u957f\uff0c\u4e00\u573a\u6743\u529b\u6597\u4e89\u63a5\u8e35\u800c\u81f3\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5185\u6218\uff0c\u62c9\u5e0c\u5fb7\u00b7\u963f\u91cc\u8f9e\u804c\uff0c31\u65e5\uff0c\u5854\u54c8\u00b7\u54c8\u5e0c\u7c73\u5c06\u519b\u88ab\u9ec4\u91d1\u5e7f\u573a\u4efb\u547d\u4e3a\u603b\u7406\u3002\u7136\u800c\u82f1\u56fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u4e0e\u8f74\u5fc3\u56fd\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c4\u67089\u65e5\u548c16\u65e5\u5fb7\u610f\u91cd\u590d\u4e86\u5bf9\u4f0a\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u800c\u5df4\u5c14\u5e72\u548c\u5317\u975e\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u62c9\u5e0c\u5fb7\u00b7\u963f\u91cc\u548c\u56db\u4e0a\u6821\u53d7\u5230\u9f13\u821e\uff0c4\u67081\u65e5\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u519b\u4e8b\u653f\u53d8\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u9ec4\u91d1\u5e7f\u573a\u56fd\u9632\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u82f1\u9a71\u9010\u548c\u65bd\u538b\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u6b64\u5c1a\u672a\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u519b\u65b9\u4e5f\u96be\u4ee5\u7edf\u4e00\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u4e2d\u4e1c\u603b\u6307\u6325\u963f\u5947\u535a\u5c14\u5fb7\u00b7\u97e6\u7ef4\u5c14\u7235\u58eb\uff08Archibald Percival Wavell\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u519b\u4e8b\u5e72\u9884\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u707e\u96be\u6027\u7684\u8fc7\u5ea6\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4f1a\u6fc0\u8d77\u5730\u533a\u53cd\u82f1\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u5e94\u4e3b\u8981\u653f\u6cbb\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u800c\u514b\u52b3\u5fb7\u00b7\u5965\u91d1\u83b1\u514b\u4e2d\u5c06\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u603b\u7763\u6797\u5229\u65af\u6208\u5019\u7235\u7ef4\u514b\u6258\u00b7\u970d\u666e\uff08Victor Alexander John Hope\uff09\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u6566\u4fc3\u7acb\u5373\u5bf9\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u8fdb\u884c\u519b\u4e8b\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u5f3a\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e24\u4f0a\u77f3\u6cb9\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u81ea\u8eab\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u66fe\u8ba1\u5212\u9488\u5bf9\u4fc4\u56fd\u6d3e\u5175\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u51c6\u5907\u4ee5\u5df4\u58eb\u62c9\u4e3a\u57fa\u5730\u5728\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u5efa\u7acb\u4e09\u4e2a\u5e08\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8428\u5bbe\u884c\u52a8\uff08Sabine\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u00b7\u594e\u5357\u4e2d\u5c06\uff08Edward Quinan\uff09\u6307\u6325\u30021941\u5e743\u6708-4\u6708\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5fb7\u56fd\u5728\u5df4\u5c14\u5e72\u548c\u5317\u975e\u7684\u653b\u52bf\uff0c\u5f3a\u786c\u7684\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u5965\u91d1\u83b1\u514b\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u5f17\u96f7\u6cfd\u5c11\u5c06\u7684\u90e8\u961f4\u670812\u65e5\u4ece\u5361\u62c9\u5947\u51fa\u53d1\u5360\u9886\u5df4\u58eb\u62c9-\u6c99\u4f0a\u5df4\uff08Basra-Shaibah\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6865\u5934\u5821\uff0c\u5e76\u547d\u4ee4\u97e6\u7ef4\u5c14\u4ece\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u534f\u52a9\u52a0\u5f3a\u54c8\u5df4\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u3002<\/p>\n
![](\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/1778105147717tRnG7v.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-05-06T22:05:49Z\/86400\/host\/d259ea78496e2afaceadabbcade8906320b5cc06dbe1e8afb340aabc9207bddf\")
<\/p>\n
\u62c9\u5e0c\u5fb7\u00b7\u963f\u91cc\u00b7\u76d6\u62c9\u5c3c\uff08Rashid Ali al-Gaylani\uff09\uff0c\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u603b\u7406<\/p>\n
\u653b\u5360\u5df4\u58eb\u62c9<\/strong><\/p>\n 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\u5de6\uff1a\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u00b7\u594e\u5357\u4e2d\u5c06\uff08Edward Quinan\uff09\uff0c\u8428\u5bbe\u90e8\u961f\uff08Force Sabine\uff09\u7684\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u3002\u53f3\uff1a\u963f\u5947\u535a\u5c14\u5fb7\u00b7\u97e6\u7ef4\u5c14\uff08Archibald Percival Wavell\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u4e1c\u53f8\u4ee4<\/p>\n \u6fc0\u6218\u54c8\u5df4\u5c3c\u4e9a<\/strong><\/p>\n 4\u670828\u65e5\uff0c\u5eb7\u6c83\u5229\u65af\u624d\u5c06\u6545\u610f\u62d6\u5ef6\u8bb8\u4e45\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u5f17\u96f7\u6cfd\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u961f\u5c06\u5230\u6765\u7684\u7167\u4f1a\u7ed9\u62c9\u5e0c\u5fb7\u00b7\u963f\u91cc\uff0c\u62c9\u5e0c\u5fb7\u00b7\u963f\u91cc\u672c\u80fd\u7684\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5fb7\u56fd\u4f1a\u4ecb\u5165\uff0c\u5eb7\u6c83\u5229\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6839\u636e\u6761\u7ea6\u90e8\u961f\u6309\u8ba1\u5212\u767b\u9646\uff0c\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u4e0d\u80fd\u91c7\u53d6\u654c\u5bf9\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u6c14\u6c1b\u53d8\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\u8d77\u6765\u300229\u65e5\u4e0b\u5348\u4f0a\u519b\u4e24\u4e2a\u65c5\u5411\u54c8\u5df4\u5c3c\u4e9a\u3001\u8d39\u5362\u6770\u8fdb\u53d1\uff0c\u653e\u6c34\u5207\u65ad\u4e86\u54c8\u5df4\u5c3c\u4e9a\u57fa\u5730\u548c\u5df4\u58eb\u62c9\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u6b21\u65e5\u82f1\u519b\u53d1\u73b0\u5728\u54c8\u5df4\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6e56\u548c\u5e7c\u53d1\u62c9\u5e95\u6cb3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9ad8\u5730\uff0c\u4f0a\u519b\u90e8\u7f72\u4e863\u4e2a\u6b65\u5175\u8425\u30011\u4e2a\u70ae\u5175\u65c5\u548c\u6570\u5341\u8f86\u5766\u514b\u88c5\u7532\u8f66\u8f86\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65c5\u63a7\u5236\u4e8614\u82f1\u91cc\u5916\u7684\u62c9\u9a6c\u8fea\uff0c\u62c9\u5e0c\u5fb7\u00b7\u963f\u91cc\u610f\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u56f4\u56f0\u4f7f\u82f1\u519b\u77e5\u96be\u800c\u9000\u3002\u52305\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u4f0a\u519b\u201c\u6f14\u4e60\u201d\u90e8\u961f\u5df2\u8fbe\u4e5d\u5343\u4eba\uff0c\u82f1\u519b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd\u59a8\u788d\u4e86\u54c8\u5df4\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u4eec\u521a\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4ece\u6c99\u4f0a\u5df4\u7a7a\u964d\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u7687\u5bb6\u519b\u56e21\u8425\u7684364\u540d\u5b98\u5175\u7684\u589e\u63f4\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u7528\u5175\u529b\u4e5f\u4ec5\u67091550\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7687\u5bb6\u7a7a\u519b\u7b2c1\u88c5\u7532\u8f66\u8fde\u768418\u8f86\u52b3\u65af\u83b1\u65af\u88c5\u7532\u8f66\u548c2\u8f86\u8001\u65e7\u5766\u514b\u3002\u54c8\u5df4\u5c3c\u4e9a\u57fa\u5730\u65e0\u6cd5\u957f\u671f\u575a\u5b88\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u529b\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5e73\u6c11\u8425\u5730\u53e3\u7cae\u53ea\u67094\u5929\uff0c\u9a7b\u519b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8fc712\u5929\u3002<\/p>\n \u7531\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u519b\u56e2\u58eb\u5175\u5b88\u536b\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u7a7a\u519b\u7b2c94\u4e2d\u961f\u683c\u6d1b\u65af\u7279\u89d2\u6597\u58eb\uff08Gloster Gladiator\uff09\u6218\u6597\u673a\u5728\u4ece\u57c3\u53ca\u4f0a\u65af\u6885\u5229\u4e9a\u524d\u5f80\u589e\u63f4\u54c8\u5df4\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u9014\u4e2d\u52a0\u6cb9<\/p>\n 5\u67082\u65e5\u66685\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u63f4\u519b\u6682\u65f6\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7a7a\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u54c8\u91cc\u00b7\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u65af\u9a6c\u7279\uff08Harry George Smart\uff09\u5c06\u4ed6\u768464\u67b6\u98de\u673a\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u7ec4\u6295\u5165\u5148\u53d1\u5236\u4eba\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\uff0c\u62c9\u91cc\u00b7\u6797\uff08C.W.M Larry Ling\uff09\u8054\u961f\u957f\u738721\u67b6\u5965\u8fbe\u514b\u65af\u8f70\u70b8\u673a\u4ece\u4f0a\u519b\u89c6\u91ce\u76f2\u533a\u7684\u9a6c\u7403\u573a\u8d77\u98de\uff0c\u4e0e\u5df4\u58eb\u62c9\u652f\u63f4\u76848\u67b6\u201c\u60e0\u7075\u987f\u201d\u8f70\u70b8\u673a\u4f1a\u5408\uff0c\u6258\u5c3c\u00b7\u8fbe\u5409\u6069\uff08Tony 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Kingstone\uff09\u7684\u7b2c4\u9a91\u5175\u65c5\uff0c\u5916\u7ea6\u65e6\u7684\u6b63\u89c4\u519b\u2014\u2014\u683c\u5362\u5e03\u7684\u4e00\u652f350\u4eba\u7684\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u519b\u56e2\u4e5f\u5c06\u52a0\u5165\u4ed6\u4eec\u30029\u65e5\u7eb5\u961f\u5728\u8d1d\u7279\u5229\u5fb7\uff08Beit Lid\uff09\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u7ea6\u65e6\u7684\u9a6c\u5f17\u62c9\u514b\uff08Mafraq\uff09\u5411\u4e1c\u884c\u8fdb460\u82f1\u91cc\u62b5\u8fbe\u5df4\u683c\u8fbe\uff0c\u5728\u8fb9\u5883\u591660\u82f1\u91cc\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u662f\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u9c81\u7279\u62dc\uff08Rutba\uff09\u5821\uff0c\u5b83\u62e5\u6709\u6c34\u6e90\u548c\u673a\u573a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7a7f\u8d8a220\u82f1\u91cc\u7684\u6c99\u6f20\u5230\u8fbe\u62c9\u9a6c\u8fea\u518d\u589e\u63f4\u54c8\u5df4\u5c3c\u4e9a\u3002\u7eb5\u961f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u963b\u788d\uff0c\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u6c99\u6f20\u8b66\u5bdf\u548c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u6cd5\u9f50\u00b7\u5361\u6b66\u57fa\uff08Fawzi 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