{"id":44590,"date":"2024-11-21T12:28:45","date_gmt":"2024-11-21T04:28:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=44590"},"modified":"2024-11-21T12:28:45","modified_gmt":"2024-11-21T04:28:45","slug":"%e4%bb%96%e6%98%af%e5%a4%a9%e4%bd%93%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%ad%a6%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%80%e4%bb%a3%e5%ae%97%e5%b8%88%ef%bc%8c%e4%b9%9f%e6%98%af%e5%ad%a6%e7%a7%91%e5%8f%91%e5%b1%95%e7%9a%84%e7%bb%8a%e8%84%9a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=44590","title":{"rendered":"\u4ed6\u662f\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4ee3\u5b97\u5e08\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5b66\u79d1\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7eca\u811a\u77f3\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"post_info\">\u6765\u6e90: \u79d1\u666e\u4e2d\u56fd<\/div>\n<div id=\"content\" class=\"post_content\" data-cover=\"\">\n<div class=\"post_body\">\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F1109%2F2892ad60j00s3u1xv001pc0011m00l6m.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"285RLI21\">\u4e9a\u745f\u00b7\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u51ed\u501f\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u624d\u80fd\u4e0e\u624e\u5b9e\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u529f\u5e95\uff0c\u5728\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u505a\u51fa\u6770\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u4ee3\u5b97\u5e08\u3002\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4e5f\u56e0\u4e3a\u89c2\u6d4b\u8bc1\u5b9e\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u800c\u540d\u58f0\u5927\u566a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u63a8\u4e0a\u795e\u575b\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u4ed6\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fa\u6267\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u963b\u788d\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7c97\u66b4\u5b66\u9600\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u8457\u540d\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u585e\u5361\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u540e\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6301\u53cd\u5bf9\u610f\u89c1\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u62a8\u51fb\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u585e\u5361\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4ed6\u771f\u7684\u662f\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7eca\u811a\u77f3\u5417\uff1f\u4ed6\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8d21\u732e\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587 | \u738b\u5584\u94a6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61G\">\u5728\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e9a\u745f\u00b7\u65af\u5766\u5229\u00b7\u7231\u4e01\u987f\uff08Arthur Stanley Eddington\uff0c1882-1944\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ed5\u5f00\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u5929\u6587\u5b66\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61H\">\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5728\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\uff08Albert Einstein\uff0c1879-1955\uff09\u7684\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u540d\u58f0\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u53cd\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u6210\u5c31\u4e0e\u5d07\u9ad8\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u66f4\u60b2\u5267\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u56fa\u6267\u5df1\u89c1\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u65a5\u5f02\u5df1\uff0c\u963b\u788d\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7c97\u66b4\u5b66\u9600\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61I\">\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5bf9\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f\u4ed6\u771f\u7684\u662f\u963b\u788d\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7eca\u811a\u77f3\u5417\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e00\u4ee3\u5b97\u5e08\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4f20\u5947\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F1109%2F6bca618fj00s3u1xv0032c000pw00zkm.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61K\">\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aLibrary of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61L\"><strong>\u51c4\u82e6\u7684\u7ae5\u5e74<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61M\">1882\u5e7412\u670828\u65e5\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u5a01\u65af\u7279\u6469\u5170\uff08Westmorland\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u574e\u5e03\u91cc\u4e9a[Cumbria])\u7684\u80af\u5fb7\u5c14\uff08Kendal\uff09\u3002\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u4e9a\u745f\u00b7\u4ea8\u5229\u00b7\u7231\u4e01\u987f\uff08Arthur Henry Eddington\uff0c1850-1884\uff09\u4e8e1871\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u4f26\u6566\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u62c5\u4efb\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d35\u683c\u4f1a\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u6821\u957f\uff1b\u4ed6\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u662f\u8428\u62c9\u00b7\u5b89\u00b7\u8096\u7279\u00b7\u7231\u4e01\u987f\uff08Sarah Ann Shout Eddington\uff0c1852-1924\uff09\u3002\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u59d0\u59d0\uff0c\u7ef4\u59ae\u5f17\u857e\u5fb7\u00b7\u7231\u4e01\u987f\uff08Winifred Eddington\uff0c1879-1954\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61N\">1884\u5e742\u670814\u65e5\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u6b7b\u4e8e\u4f24\u5bd2\u5927\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u523034\u5c81\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4e0d\u6ee12\u5468\u5c81\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u59d0\u59d0\u4e5f\u624d5\u5c81\u3002\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u5e26\u7740\u4e00\u53cc\u513f\u5973\u642c\u5230\u6ee8\u6d77\u97e6\u65af\u987f\uff08Weston-super-Mare\uff09\uff0c\u4f4f\u5728\u6c83\u5229\u65af\u79d1\u7279\uff08Walliscote\uff09\u8def42\u53f7\u4e00\u680b\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u74e6\u91d1\u201d\uff08Varzin\uff09\u7684\u623f\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u4f9d\u9760\u5fae\u8584\u7684\u6536\u5165\u8270\u8f9b\u5730\u629a\u517b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u6bb5\u51c4\u82e6\u7684\u65f6\u5149\u4ee4\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5fd8\u6000\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u529f\u6210\u540d\u5c31\u540e\u8fd8\u4e0d\u65f6\u5411\u540e\u8f88\u8bb2\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61O\">\u642c\u5bb6\u540e\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5148\u5728\u5bb6\u91cc\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u5728\u4e00\u6240\u9884\u79d1\u5b66\u6821\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u4e09\u5e74\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u661f\u7a7a\u4ea7\u751f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u8bd5\u7740\u6570\u661f\u661f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u8fdb\u5165\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u79cd\u4e0b\u4e86\u79cd\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61P\"><strong>\u6570\u5b66\u4f18\u7b49\u751f\uff0c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7267\u9a6c\u4eba<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61Q\">1893\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u8fdb\u5165\u5e03\u6797\u6885\u6797\uff08Brynmelyn\uff09\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u4ed6\u5f88\u5feb\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u4e0e\u82f1\u8bed\u6587\u5b66\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5929\u8d4b\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61R\">\u56e0\u4e3a\u6210\u7ee9\u4f18\u5f02\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u83b7\u5f97\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\uff0c\u572815\u5c81\u65f6\uff081898\u5e7410\u6708\uff09\u8fdb\u5165\u66fc\u5f7b\u65af\u7279\u6b27\u6587\u65af\u5b66\u9662\uff08Owens College\uff0c\u5373\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u66fc\u5f7b\u65af\u7279\u5927\u5b66\uff09\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e3b\u653b\u7269\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u591a\u6b21\u83b7\u5f97\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61S\">1902\u5e74\uff0c19\u5c81\u7684\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4ee5\u4e00\u7b49\u8363\u8a89\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u8fd8\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\uff0c\u4e8e\u540c\u5e7410\u6708\u5230\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u8bfb\u7814\u7a76\u751f\uff0c\u5bfc\u5e08\u662f\u8d6b\u5c14\u66fc\uff08Robert Alfred Herman\uff0c1861\u20131927\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61T\">1904\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u6570\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8003\u8bd5\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u4e00\u9879\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u5b66\u4e1a\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u4f20\u8a00\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u8003\u8bd5\u65f6\u8981\u5750\u5728\u4e09\u811a\u51f3\u4e0a\u7b54\u9898\uff0c\u8be5\u8003\u8bd5\u53c8\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u5b66\u4e09\u811a\u51f3\u201d\uff08Mathematical Tripos\uff09\uff0c\u5411\u6765\u4ee5\u9898\u76ee\u96be\u5ea6\u5927\u3001\u5f3a\u5ea6\u9ad8\uff08\u8003\u591a\u5929\uff0c\u4e00\u5929\u80036-8\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u800c\u8457\u79f0\u3002\u83b7\u5f97\u7b2c\u4e00\u540d\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u88ab\u6388\u4e88\u201c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7267\u9a6c\u4eba\u201d\uff08Senior Wrangler\uff09\u79f0\u53f7\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u5168\u82f1\u56fd\u6700\u806a\u660e\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u83b7\u5956\u8005\u7684\u5bb6\u4e61\u4f1a\u56e0\u6b64\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7236\u8001\u4e61\u4eb2\u4e0a\u8857\u5e86\u795d\u3002\u5386\u5e74\u201c\u6570\u5b66\u4e09\u811a\u51f3\u201d\u8003\u8bd5\u7684\u524d\u51e0\u540d\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5728\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u8457\u540d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u8d6b\u5c14\u66fc\u662f1882\u5e74\u7684\u201c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7267\u9a6c\u4eba\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61U\">22\u5c81\u7684\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5728\u8fd9\u6b21\u8003\u8bd5\u4e2d\u8363\u83b7\u7b2c\u4e00\u540d\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u9879\u8003\u8bd5\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u5165\u5b66\u4e24\u5e74\u540e\u5c31\u83b7\u5f97\u201c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7267\u9a6c\u4eba\u201d\u79f0\u53f7\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u8fdb\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u8bfb\u4e86\u56db\u5e74\u672c\u79d1\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u5404\u5b66\u79d1\u65b9\u9762\u6bd4\u5251\u6865\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u66f4\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u9ad8\u624b\u5982\u4e91\u7684\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u83b7\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4e5f\u8db3\u4ee5\u8bc1\u660e\u4ed6\u4e0d\u51e1\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM61V\">\u7531\u4e8e\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u624d\u80fd\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u6570\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8d1d\u7279\u6717\u00b7\u7f57\u7d20\uff08Bertrand Russell\uff0c1872-1970\uff09\u57281954\u5e74\u5199\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u5669\u68a6\uff1a\u65b9\u5f62\u6559\u6388\u7684\u613f\u666f\u300b\uff08The Mathematicians\u2019s Nightmare: the Vision of Professor Squarepunt\uff09\u7684\u77ed\u7bc7\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\u5c06\u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u4eba\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM620\"><strong>\u65e9\u671f\u5929\u6587\u751f\u6daf<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM621\">1905\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u968f\u5373\u8fdb\u5165\u5361\u6587\u8fea\u8bb8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u70ed\u79bb\u5b50\u53d1\u5c04\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u6559\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb\u5b66\u751f\u6570\u5b66\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u9a8c\u548c\u6559\u5b66\u90fd\u4e0d\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM622\">\u5e78\u597d\uff0c\u5728\u540c\u4e8b\u60e0\u7279\u514b\uff08Edmund Whittaker\uff0c1873-1956\uff09\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u4e0b\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u57281906\u5e74\u521d\u83b7\u5f97\u683c\u6797\u5c3c\u6cbb\u7687\u5bb6\u5929\u6587\u53f0\u7684\u804c\u4f4d\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u7687\u5bb6\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\uff08William Christie\uff0c1845-1922\uff09\u7684\u9996\u5e2d\u52a9\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM623\">\u4ece1906\u5e74\u52301917\u5e74\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u6052\u661f\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0e\u661f\u56e2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u7403\u72b6\u661f\u56e2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u4e3a\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a81\u7834\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM624\">\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e86\u5c0f\u884c\u661f\u7684\u89c6\u5dee<strong>[\u6ce81]<\/strong>\u3001\u5f57\u661f\u4e0e\u65e5\u5168\u98df\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5c0f\u884c\u661f433 Eros\u7684\u7167\u76f8\u5e95\u7247\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u4ed6\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u7684\u65b0\u7edf\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u6d4b\u51fa433 Eros\u7684\u89c6\u5dee\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u6b64\u83b7\u5f971907\u5e74\u7684\u53f2\u5bc6\u65af\u5956\uff08Smith&#8217;s Prize\uff09\u4e0e\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u30021908\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5bf9\u83ab\u5c14\u8c6a\u65af\u5f57\u661f\uff08Comet Morehouse\uff0cC\/1908 R1\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4ed4\u7ec6\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4e8e1910\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u91cc\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a\u592a\u9633\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u79bb\u5b50\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5f57\u661f\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u5e15\u514b\uff08Eugene Newman Parker\uff0c1927-2022\uff09\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u201c\u592a\u9633\u98ce\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\uff08\u7f16\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u4ed6\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u503c15\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff1a\u5929\u624d\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u4f20\u5947\u4eba\u751f\u300b\uff09<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F1109%2F3fbde5c3j00s3u1xv001hc000f200pkm.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM626\">\u660e\u4fe1\u7247\u4e0a\u7684\u83ab\u5c14\u8c6a\u65af\u5f57\u661f\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<br \/>\nusers.erols.com\/njastro\/barry\/pages\/postcd11.htm<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM627\">1910\u5e74\uff0c\u6234\u68ee\uff08Frank Watson Dyson\uff0c1868-1939\uff09\u62c5\u4efb\u7687\u5bb6\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7ee7\u7eed\u62c5\u4efb\u9996\u5e2d\u52a9\u7406\u30021912\u5e7410\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4e0e\u540c\u4e8b\u5728\u5df4\u897f\u89c2\u6d4b\u65e5\u5168\u98df\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u89c2\u6d4b1919\u5e74\u65e5\u5168\u98df\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e86\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM628\">\u591a\u4e2a\u4f18\u79c0\u6210\u679c\u4f7f\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u6210\u4e3a\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u65b0\u79c0\u30021913\u5e74\uff0c\u5e74\u4ec530\u5c81\u7684\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u6210\u4e3a\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u5929\u6587\u53f0\u666e\u5362\u59c6\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u54f2\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff08Plumian Professor of Astronomy and Experimental Philosophy\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM629\">1914\u5e74\uff0c31\u5c81\u7684\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u51fa\u4efb\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u5929\u6587\u53f0\u53f0\u957f\uff0c\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5458\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u6052\u661f\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0e\u5b87\u5b99\u7ed3\u6784\u300b\uff08Stellar Movements and the Structure of the Universe\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u4ed6\u5bf9\u94f6\u6cb3\u7cfb\u4e2d\u6052\u661f\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0e\u661f\u56e2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F1109%2F46d27929j00s3u1xv004lc000yg011wm.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62B\">\u7231\u4e01\u987f\uff08\u5927\u7ea61914\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aElliott &amp; Fry. From Hutchinson&#8217;s Splendour of the Heavens (1923).<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62C\"><strong>\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u5b66<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62D\">\u4ece1916\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u5174\u8da3\u4ece\u504f\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u6052\u661f\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u504f\u7269\u7406\u7684\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62E\">\u57281916-1926\u5e74\u768410\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5728\u6052\u661f\u8109\u52a8\u3001\u8f90\u5c04\u8f6c\u79fb\u4e0e\u6052\u661f\u80fd\u6e90\u65b9\u9762\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u4f17\u591a\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5b66\u672f\u751f\u6daf\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f89\u714c\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u4f1f\u5927\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62F\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u9020\u7236\u53d8\u661f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u673a\u5236\u3002\u9020\u7236\u53d8\u661f\u7684\u4eae\u5ea6\u4f1a\u5468\u671f\u6027\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u5468\u671f\u6027\u5730\u81a8\u80c0-\u6536\u7f29\uff08\u8109\u52a8\uff09\u3002\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u9020\u7236\u53d8\u661f\u7684\u4eae\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u6e90\u81ea\u5176\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u53c8\u6e90\u81ea\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u2014\u2014\u6c26\u88ab\u7535\u79bb\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u9600\u201d\uff08Eddington valve\uff09\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u662f\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u03ba\uff08kappa\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201ckappa\u673a\u5236\u201d\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4e5f\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u8109\u52a8\u53d8\u661f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F1109%2F040b29a4j00s3u1xv000kc000k000alm.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62H\">\u9020\u7236\u53d8\u661f\u539f\u578b\u661f\u2014\u2014\u4ed9\u738b\u5ea7\u03b4\u661f\uff08Delta Cephei\uff09\u2014\u2014\u7684\u4eae\u5ea6\u6f14\u5316\u66f2\u7ebf\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aThomasK Vbg<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62I\">1920\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u6052\u661f\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u300b\uff08The Internal Constitution of the Stars\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u6b64\u524d\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u6052\u661f\u80fd\u6e90\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u6052\u661f\u6536\u7f29\uff0c\u5c06\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cd\u529b\u52bf\u80fd\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u70ed\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u70ed\u6210\u4e3a\u6052\u661f\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u5f00\u5c14\u6587-\u4ea5\u59c6\u970d\u5179\u673a\u5236\u201d\uff08KH\u673a\u5236\uff09\u3002\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u8d28\u80fd\u5173\u7cfb\u5f0f\uff08E=mc2\uff09\uff0c4\u4e2a\u6c22\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u7565\u5927\u4e8e1\u4e2a\u6c26\uff0c\u635f\u5931\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4f1a\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\uff1b\u54ea\u6015\u6052\u661f\u4e2d\u53ef\u88ab\u7528\u4ee5\u805a\u53d8\u7684\u6c22\u53ea\u5360\u6052\u661f\u8d28\u91cf\u76845%\uff0c\u5176\u805a\u53d8\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u4e5f\u8db3\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6052\u661f\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5149\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6c26\u4e0e\u6c26\u7684\u805a\u53d8\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u91cd\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u805a\u53d8\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u6052\u661f\u5185\u90e8\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u770b\u6cd5\u90fd\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62J\">\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u8fd8\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u70ed\u538b\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5e73\u8861\u6052\u661f\u7684\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5f15\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u6052\u661f\u584c\u7f29\uff0c\u8f90\u5c04\u538b\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u8bba\u81f3\u4eca\u4f9d\u7136\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u6052\u661f\u8f90\u5c04\u8f6c\u79fb\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u8fd1\u4f3c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62K\">1924\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5f97\u5230\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u8d28\u91cf-\u5149\u5ea6\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\uff08\u8d28\u5149\u5173\u7cfb\uff09\uff1a\u4e3b\u5e8f\u661f\u7684\u5149\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6052\u661f\u8d28\u91cf\u7684n\u6b21\u65b9\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u8868\u660en\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u7ea6\u4e3a2.3\u52304\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F1109%2F9dc9b0c7j00s3u1xv000tc000le00fem.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62M\">\u7231\u4e01\u987f1924\u5e74\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u6052\u661f\u7684\u8d28\u5149\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6a2a\u5750\u6807\u4e3a\u6052\u661f\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5bf9\u6570\uff0c\u7eb5\u5750\u6807\u4e3a\u6052\u661f\u4eae\u5ea6\u7684\u5bf9\u6570\uff08\u89c6\u661f\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6052\u661f\uff0c\u6307\u6570\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u659c\u7387\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aEddington, A. S. MNRAS, 84, 308-332<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62N\">\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3a\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5d07\u9ad8\u7684\u58f0\u8a89\u30021924\u5e74\uff0c41\u5c81\u7684\u4ed6\u62ff\u4e0b\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5927\u5956\uff1a\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u91d1\u8d28\u5956\u7ae0\uff08Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society\uff09\u3001\u4ea8\u5229\u00b7\u5fb7\u96f7\u73c0\u5956\u7ae0\uff08Henry Draper Medal\uff09\u4e0e\u5e03\u9c81\u65af\u5956\u7ae0\uff08Bruce Medal\uff09\u3002\uff08\u7f16\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u5173\u4e8e\u5fb7\u96f7\u73c0\u5956\u7ae0\u53ef\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u5979\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u8fdd\u80cc\u7956\u8bad\u201d\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u63a8\u8fdb\u4e86\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u300b\uff09<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62O\">\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u768411\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f72\u5c81\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u901d\u4e16\u3002\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7684\u79bb\u53bb\u8ba9\u4ed6\u60b2\u75db\u4e07\u5206\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u540e\u5fc6\u53ca\u7ae5\u5e74\u65f6\u66f4\u52a0\u4f24\u611f\u3002\u7ae5\u5e74\u65f6\u4e0e\u6bcd\u4eb2\u53ca\u59d0\u59d0\u76f8\u4f9d\u4e3a\u547d\u7684\u4e00\u5e55\u5e55\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4e00\u76f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u5fd8\u6000\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62P\">1925\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7403\u5bf9\u79f0\u5929\u4f53\u7684\u8f90\u5c04\u6781\u9650\u503c\uff0c\u5373\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u6781\u9650\uff08Eddington limit\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u7403\u5bf9\u79f0\u5929\u4f53\u7684\u4eae\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6781\u9650\u65f6\uff0c\u8f90\u5c04\u538b\u8d85\u8fc7\u5f15\u529b\uff0c\u5916\u5c42\u7c92\u5b50\u9003\u9038\u3002\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u6781\u9650\u4e0e\u6052\u661f\u8d28\u91cf\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u592a\u9633\uff0c\u5176\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u6781\u9650\u662f\u592a\u9633\u4eae\u5ea6\u76843.2\u4e07\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62Q\">1926\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u51fa\u7248\u4e13\u8457\u300a\u6052\u661f\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u300b\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u6210\u4e3a\u6b64\u540e\u4e00\u6574\u4ee3\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u30021928\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u83b7\u5f97\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u7687\u5bb6\u5956\u7ae0\uff08Royal Society Royal Medal\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62R\">\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc5\u901f\u6210\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ecf\u5178\u7ed3\u8bba\u81f3\u4eca\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6559\u6750\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u98ce\u683c\u4e5f\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u6b64\u540e\u7684\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62S\"><strong>\u5c06\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u63a8\u4e0a\u795e\u575b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62T\">\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u51fa\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u8d21\u732e\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u540c\u65f6\u671f\u8fd8\u6df1\u5165\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u3002\u4ed6\u8bfb\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u8d6b\u5c14\u66fc\u5f00\u8bbe\u4e86\u5fae\u5206\u51e0\u4f55\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6570\u5b66\u5de5\u5177\u5c31\u662f\u5fae\u5206\u51e0\u4f55\u5b66\u3002\u51ed\u501f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u529f\u5e95\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u8fc5\u901f\u638c\u63e1\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u6700\u61c2\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62U\">\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5149\u5728\u5f15\u529b\u573a\u4e2d\u8d70\u5f2f\u66f2\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u504f\u6298\u89d2\u7ea6\u4e3a1.75\u89d2\u79d2\u3002\u5728\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7684\u9f13\u5439\u4e0b\uff0c\u6234\u68ee\u4e3a1919\u5e745\u670829\u65e5\u7684\u65e5\u5168\u98df\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdc\u5f81\u961f\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdc\u5f81\u961f\u7531\u514b\u7f57\u83ab\u6797\uff08Andrew Crommelin\uff0c1865-1939\uff09\u4e0e\u6234\u7ef4\u68ee\uff08Charles Davidson\uff0c1875-1970\uff09\u5e26\u9886\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u5df4\u897f\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u7d22\u5e03\u62c9\u5c14\uff08Sobral\uff09\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8fdc\u5f81\u961f\u7531\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4e0e\u79d1\u5ef7\u7ff0\uff08Edwin Cottingham\uff0c1869-1940\uff09\u5e26\u9886\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u975e\u6d32\u897f\u6d77\u5cb8\u7684\u666e\u6797\u897f\u6bd4\uff08Pr\u00edncipe\uff09\u5c9b\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM62V\">\u7d22\u5e03\u62c9\u5c14\u8fdc\u5f81\u961f\u6700\u7ec8\u786e\u5b9a\u6052\u661f\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u5149\u56e0\u4e3a\u592a\u9633\u7684\u5f15\u529b\u800c\u504f\u6298\uff0c\u504f\u6298\u89d2\u7ea6\u4e3a1.98\u89d2\u79d2\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u8bef\u5dee\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc76%\u3002\u867d\u7136\u666e\u6797\u897f\u6bd4\u5c9b\u8fdc\u5f81\u961f\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u4e9b\u6ce2\u6298\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u5149\u7ebf\u504f\u6298\u89d2\u57281.55-1.94\u89d2\u79d2\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u4e3a1.61\u89d2\u79d2\uff0c\u8bef\u5dee\u4e3a0.3\u89d2\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F1109%2F1e95810ej00s3u1xv0014c000jg00ozm.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM631\">1919\u5e745\u670829\u65e5\u7684\u65e5\u5168\u98df\u7167\u7247\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u5f20\u7167\u7247\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6234\u68ee\u3001\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4e0e\u6234\u7ef4\u68ee\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e1920\u5e74\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aFrank Watson Dyson<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM632\">1919\u5e7411\u67086\u65e5\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f1a\u8bae\u516c\u5e03\uff1a\u65e5\u5168\u98df\u671f\u95f4\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u661f\u5149\u504f\u6298\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e0e\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7b26\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u9996\u6b21\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u6d4b\u8bc1\u5b9e\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7684\u9884\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM633\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u529b\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u65b0\u9886\u8896\uff0c\u4e5f\u8f70\u52a8\u4e86\u5404\u56fd\u5a92\u4f53\u3002\u6b64\u524d\u5728\u516c\u4f17\u9762\u524d\u9ed8\u9ed8\u65e0\u95fb\u7684\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7acb\u5373\u88ab\u5927\u4f17\u89c6\u4e3a\u8d85\u8d8a\u725b\u987f\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5c06\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u63a8\u4e0a\u4e86\u795e\u575b\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM634\">2008\u5e74\u4e0a\u6620\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u4e0e\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u300b\uff0c\u4ee5\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u8bf4\u670d\u82f1\u56fd\u540c\u4e8b\u901a\u8fc7\u65e5\u5168\u98df\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u4e3a\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4e0e\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u4e0e\u5fb7\u56fd\u4ea4\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u73cd\u8d35\u7684\u8de8\u56fd\u53cb\u8c0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F1109%2F6e40da87j00s3u1xv001nc000eq00kum.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM636\">\u300a\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u4e0e\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u300b\u7684DVD\u5c01\u9762\u56fe\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u7535\u5f71\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u536b\u00b7\u7279\u5357\u7279\uff08David Tennant\uff0c1971-\uff09\u9970\u6f14\u7231\u4e01\u987f\uff0c\u5b89\u8fea\u00b7\u745f\u57fa\u65af\uff08Andy Serkis\uff0c1964-\uff09\u9970\u6f14\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aBBC.co.uk<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM637\">\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4e5f\u56e0\u4e3a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u800c\u5728\u516c\u4f17\u4e2d\u540d\u58f0\u5927\u566a\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5bb6\u55bb\u6237\u6653\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u64c5\u957f\u7528\u901a\u4fd7\u800c\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5411\u540c\u884c\u4e0e\u5927\u4f17\u4ecb\u7ecd\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\uff0c\u4f7f\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u8fc5\u901f\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u65e5\u5168\u98df\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u201d\uff08Eddington experiment\uff09\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u540e\u6765\u8d28\u7591\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u540e\u7684\u591a\u6b21\u65e5\u5168\u98df\u89c2\u6d4b\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5747\u4e0e\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u503c\u7b26\u5408\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6\u7528\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d4b\u91cf\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5bf9\u5176\u539f\u59cb\u56fe\u50cf\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bc1\u5b9e\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F1109%2F1214cd97j00s3u1xv0052c000yg00x4m.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM639\">1930\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u4e0e\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5728\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u5929\u6587\u53f0\u4ea4\u8c08\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aWinifred Eddington<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63A\">\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5bf9\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u539f\u521b\u6027\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u7231\u4e01\u987f-\u82ac\u514b\u5c14\u65af\u5766\u5750\u6807\u201d\uff08Eddington\u2013Finkelstein coordinates\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u7231\u4e01\u987f1924\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ed6\u4e0e\u82ac\u514b\u5c14\u65af\u5766\uff08David Finkelstein\uff0c1929-2016\uff09\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u51fa\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F1109%2F04b2c12ej00s3u1xv001jc000ow00iim.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63C\">1932\u5e74\u7684\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aEncyclop\u00e6dia Britannica, Inc.<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63D\"><strong>\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u4e4b\u4e89<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63E\">\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7cbe\u901a\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\uff0c\u4e5f\u7cbe\u901a\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u4ed6\u5c06\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u7b80\u5e76\u538b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5f15\u5165\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u63cf\u8ff0\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u81f4\u5bc6\u661f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u6210\u4e3a\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5148\u9a71\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63F\">\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6052\u661f\u6f14\u5316\u5230\u540e\u671f\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u81f4\u5bc6\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u6e29\u5ea6\u9ad8\u800c\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u201c\u767d\u201d\uff0c\u53c8\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4eae\u5ea6\u4f4e\u800c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u77ee\u661f\u3002\u5929\u72fc\u661fB\u662f\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5929\u72fc\u661f\u7684\u4f34\u661f\uff0c\u5176\u4eae\u5ea6\u7ea6\u4e3a\u5929\u72fc\u661f\u7684\u4e07\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63G\">\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8bbd\u523a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u4e0e\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u7b80\u5e76\u538b\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u7b80\u5e76\u538b\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u4e5f\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u5a5a\u751f\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u65e0\u6839\u636e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63H\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u4ed6\u4e0e\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u585e\u5361\uff08Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar\uff0c1910-1995\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63I\">1930\u5e74\uff0c\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u540c\u65f6\u8003\u8651\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u4e0e\u7b80\u5e76\u538b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd1\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0a\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u6052\u661f\u90fd\u4ee5\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u4e3a\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9\uff1b\u8d28\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7\u6781\u9650\u7684\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6536\u7f29\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u529b\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u62b5\u6297\u8fd9\u79cd\u6536\u7f29\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u901a\u8fc7\u7cbe\u786e\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u57281934\u5e74\u5e95\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e86\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"285RLI2B\">\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u201c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7b80\u5e76\u538b\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u66f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e9b\u5929\u4f53\u4f1a\u65e0\u9650\u584c\u7f29\u30021935\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u5728\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u505a\u62a5\u544a\u540e\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u53cd\u5bf9\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u8d70\u4e0a\u8bb2\u53f0\uff0c\u53cd\u9a73\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u3002\u4e3b\u6301\u4eba\u8fd8\u8981\u6c42\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u611f\u8c22\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7ea0\u6b63\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u9519\u8bef\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"285RLI2C\">\u540e\u6765\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c8\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u5f00\u4f1a\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u8fd8\u662f\u516c\u5f00\u53cd\u5bf9\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u3002\u6563\u4f1a\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u627e\u5230\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u5b66\u672f\u4e89\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u4e2a\u4eba\u4ea4\u60c5\u3002\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u95ee\uff1a\u201c\u90a3\u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u540c\u610f\u6211\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u201d\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u56de\u7b54\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u3002\u201d\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u90c1\u95f7\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u90a3\u8fd8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u597d\u8bf4\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u201d\u7136\u540e\u8f6c\u8eab\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63L\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u8ba9\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u4e00\u5ea6\u5f88\u53d7\u6253\u51fb\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\u4e0d\u518d\u7814\u7a76\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u611f\u60c5\u5e76\u672a\u56e0\u6b64\u53d7\u5230\u7834\u574f\u3002\u4e8c\u4eba\u4e00\u76f4\u7ed3\u4f34\u540c\u6e38\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u79bb\u5f00\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u4e00\u76f4\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63M\">\u540e\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6052\u661f\u6f14\u5316\u5230\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e2d\u5b50\u661f\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u52302-3\u4e2a\u592a\u9633\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5176\u6b8b\u9ab8\u8d28\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7\u5927\u7ea63\u4e2a\u592a\u9633\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u5c31\u65e0\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u6210\u4e3a\u9ed1\u6d1e\u3002\u81f3\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u90fd\u4f4e\u4e8e1.4\u4e2a\u592a\u9633\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u5bf9\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u6781\u9650\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u4e2d\u5b50\u661f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<strong>[\u6ce82]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63N\">\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u9057\u61be\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u572830\u5e74\u4ee3\u65f6\u5df2\u7cbe\u901a\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6052\u661f\u8d28\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u65f6\u4f1a\u584c\u7f29\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u771f\u7684\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a20\u4e16\u7eaa\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63O\"><strong>\u4ed6\u662f\u5b66\u79d1\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7eca\u811a\u77f3\u5417\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63P\">\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7684\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u89c2\u70b9\u5728\u6574\u6574\u4e24\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u8ba9\u4eba\u89c9\u5f97\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7b80\u76f4\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7eca\u811a\u77f3\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u771f\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63Q\">2003\u5e74\uff0c\u8d1d\u7279\uff08Hans Bethe\uff0c1906-2005\uff09\u5728\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u6211\u7684\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u751f\u6daf\u300b\uff08My Life in Astrophysics\uff09\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u63a2\u7d22\u5386\u7a0b\u3002\u8d1d\u7279\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba9\u535a\u58eb\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u9a6c\u6c99\u514b\uff08Robert Marshak\uff0c1916-1992\uff09\u7814\u7a76\u767d\u77ee\u661f\uff0c\u201c\u4ed6\uff08\u5173\u4e8e\u767d\u77ee\u661f\uff09\u7684\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u5f88\u4f18\u79c0\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u4e13\u5bb6\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u5f53\u65f6\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u201d\u9a6c\u6c99\u514b\u4e8e1939\u5e74\u5728\u5eb7\u5948\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u83b7\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u6807\u9898\u662f\u201c\u5bf9\u6052\u661f\u5185\u90e8\u6784\u9020\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u201d\uff08Contributions to the Theory of the Internal Constitution of Stars\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63R\">1940\u5e74\uff0c\u9a6c\u6c99\u514b\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6e29\u5ea6\u300b\uff08The Internal Temperature of White Dwarf Stars\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u660e\u786e\u6307\u51fa\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u5199\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u5eb7\u5948\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u8bfb\u535a\u671f\u95f4\u3002\u9a6c\u6c99\u514b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u957f\u8fbe33\u9875\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u4e0e\u201c\u7b80\u5e76\u4f4d\u5f62\u6709\u5173\u7684\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u585e\u5361\u7406\u8bba\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63S\">\u867d\u7136\u9a6c\u6c99\u514b\u53ea\u662f\u4e2a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7aa5\u4e00\u6591\u800c\u77e5\u5168\u8c79\uff1a\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\u53cd\u5bf9\u80af\u5b9a\u6467\u6bc1\u4e86\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u7ee7\u7eed\u7814\u7a76\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6253\u51fb\u4e86\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u751a\u81f3\u82f1\u56fd\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u754c\u7814\u7a76\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u7814\u7a76\u5e76\u672a\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u5230\u591a\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\uff08\u4ece\u9a6c\u6c99\u514b\u6587\u7ae0\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0e\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u4fa7\u9762\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5bf9\u767d\u77ee\u661f\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u963b\u788d\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u4e0e\u540e\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u9ad8\u4f30\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63T\">\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u9886\u57df\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6253\u51fb\u66f4\u5c0f\u3002\u9a6c\u6c99\u514b\u57281940\u5e74\u4e0e\u8d1d\u7279\u5408\u4f5c\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u7ea2\u77ee\u661f\u4e0e\u4e9a\u77ee\u661f\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6052\u661f\u7684\u63a8\u5e7f\u7684\u6258\u9a6c\u65af-\u8d39\u7c73\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff08The Generalized Thomas-Fermi Method as Applied to Stars\uff09\uff0c\u9a6c\u6c99\u514b\u8fd8\u5728\u540c\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u592a\u9633\u7684\u70b9\u5bf9\u6d41\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6ce8\u8bb0\u300b\uff08Note on the Point-Convective Model for the Sun\uff09\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5728\u6052\u661f\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u66f4\u4e0d\u80dc\u679a\u4e3e\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63U\"><strong>\u201c\u6570\u5b57\u201d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM63V\">\u4ece20\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4e5f\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u3001\u65f6\u7a7a\u6709\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM640\">1936\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u8d28\u5b50\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u300b\uff08Relativity Theory of Protons and Electrons\uff09\uff0c\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e86\u91cf\u5b50\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ed6\u505a\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u62fc\u51d1\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u6e38\u620f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5f97\u5230\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7ed3\u6784\u5e38\u6570\u03b1\u7ea6\u4e3a1\/136\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u8d28\u5b50\u7684\u603b\u6570\u5e94\u8be5\u662f136\u00d72^256\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u6570\u201d\uff08Eddington number\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u03b1\u7b49\u4e8e1\/136\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u03b1\u7ea6\u4e3a1\/137\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4ed6\u53c8\u5c06\u8d28\u5b50\u603b\u6570\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4ee5\u8ba9\u03b1\u7b49\u4e8e1\/137\u3002\uff08\u7f16\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u8ffd\u5bfb\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u201c\u9b54\u6570\u201d\u7684\u6700\u51c6\u786e\u7ed3\u679c\u300b\uff09\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5177\u6709\u5faa\u73af\u8bba\u8bc1\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u635f\u5bb3\u4e86\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u58f0\u8a89\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM641\">\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7231\u9a91\u8f66\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd8\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u9760\u8c31\u5f97\u591a\u7684\u201c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u6570\u201d\uff1a\u9a91\u884c\u8005\u5728\u81f3\u5c11E\u5929\u5185\u6bcf\u5929\u9a91\u8f66\u81f3\u5c11E\u82f1\u91cc\u3002\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u6570\u662f84\u82f1\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ed6\u9a91\u884c\u8d85\u8fc784\u82f1\u91cc\u7684\u5929\u6570\u662f84\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u540e\u6765\u51fa\u73b0\u7684H\u56e0\u5b50\u5f88\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff1a\u5b66\u8005\u7684N\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u8d85\u8fc7N\u6b21\uff0c\u5176H\u56e0\u5b50\u5c31\u662fN\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM642\">\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u51b3\u5b9a\u8bba\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u539f\u7406\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5fae\u89c2\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u631a\u53cb\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u8bba\u89c2\u70b9\u5bf9\u7acb\uff0c\u4e0e\u201c\u54e5\u672c\u54c8\u6839\u5b66\u6d3e\u201d\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4ed61939\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u7269\u7406\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u300b\uff08Philosophy of Physical Science\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM643\"><strong>\u901d\u4e16\u4e0e\u7eaa\u5ff5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM644\">1944\u5e7411\u670822\u65e5\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u56e0\u764c\u75c7\u5728\u5251\u6865\u7684\u4f0a\u592b\u6797\uff08Evelyn\uff09\u7597\u517b\u9662\u901d\u4e16\uff0c\u4eab\u5e7461\u5c81\uff0c\u540e\u88ab\u5b89\u846c\u5728\u5251\u6865\u963f\u68ee\u677e\uff08Ascension\uff09\u6559\u533a\u4ed6\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7684\u5893\u5730\u4e2d\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u901d\u4e16\u4e00\u5468\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u7ed9\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u5199\u4e86\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM645\">\u8457\u540d\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6\u7f57\u7d20\uff08Henry Norris Russell\uff0c1877-1957\uff09\u5728\u60bc\u5ff5\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u7235\u58eb\u7684\u6b7b\u593a\u8d70\u4e86\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6700\u6770\u51fa\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM646\">\u4e0e\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u201c\u76f8\u7231\u76f8\u6740\u201d\u7684\u94b1\u5fb7\u62c9\u4e5f\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5199\u4e86\u60bc\u6587\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u540e\u4ee3\u4f1a\u5c06\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u91cc\u4ec5\u6b21\u4e8e\u53f2\u74e6\u897f\uff08Karl Schwarzschild\uff0c1873-1916\uff09\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5728\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u4e0e\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f4e\u4e8e\u53f2\u74e6\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F1109%2F2c90bbb8j00s3u1xv005zc000m800rdm.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM648\">1913\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u4e0e\u540c\u884c\u7684\u5408\u5f71\u3002\u5de6\u4e09\u4e3a\u65bd\u74e6\u897f\uff0c\u5de6\u56db\u4e3a\u6234\u68ee\uff0c\u6700\u53f3\u4e3a\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aAIP Emilio Segr\u00e8 Visual Archives, Gift of Martin Schwarzschild<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM649\">\u53f2\u74e6\u897f\u4e0e\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5728\u5e74\u8f7b\u65f6\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u597d\u53cb\u3002\u53f2\u74e6\u897f\u901d\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5199\u4e86\u60b2\u75db\u7684\u60bc\u6587\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u8fd8\u5728\u4ea4\u6218\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8de8\u56fd\u53cb\u8c0a\u5c24\u5176\u73cd\u8d35\u30021933\u5e74\uff0c\u53f2\u74e6\u897f\u7684\u5973\u513f\u6851\u987f\uff08Agathe Thornton\uff0c1910-2006\uff09\u56e0\u4e3a\u72b9\u592a\u8840\u7edf\u800c\u9003\u79bb\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u6765\u5230\u82f1\u56fd\u5251\u6865\u3002<strong>[\u6ce83]<\/strong>\u4e00\u8d2b\u5982\u6d17\u7684\u6851\u987f\u53ca\u65f6\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u540d\u533f\u540d\u8005\u7684\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b66\u4e1a\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u540d\u533f\u540d\u8d44\u52a9\u8005\u5c31\u662f\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM64A\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7231\u4e01\u987f\uff0c\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u897f\u5317\u6821\u533a\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u533a\u201d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u4ed6\u5e7c\u65f6\u7684\u6545\u5c45\u7acb\u4e86\u7eaa\u5ff5\u724c\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e0b\u4e86\u4ed6\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6708\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u5ea7\u9668\u77f3\u5751\u548c\u5c0f\u884c\u661f2761\u53f7\u90fd\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F1109%2F16f179f7j00s3u1xv004ac000sg00jlm.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM64C\">\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5e7c\u65f6\u6545\u5c45\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u724c\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aPeter Barrington<\/p>\n<p id=\"282OM64D\">\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u4f1a\u8bbe\u7acb\u201c\u7231\u4e01\u987f\u5956\u7ae0\u201d\uff0c\u5956\u52b1\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u505a\u51fa\u6770\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u6216\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5956\u7ae0\u4e8e1953\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u9881\u53d1\uff0c\u591a\u4f4d\u5927\u5e08\u83b7\u5f97\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5956\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n<p 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