{"id":453,"date":"2022-04-18T19:10:06","date_gmt":"2022-04-18T11:10:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=453"},"modified":"2025-04-19T05:05:19","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T21:05:19","slug":"%e8%a2%ab%e6%88%98%e7%81%ab%e6%b9%ae%e7%81%ad%e7%9a%84%e6%b5%ae%e5%8d%8e%e5%85%89%e5%bd%b1%ef%bc%9a%e6%b0%91%e5%9b%bd%e6%97%b6%e4%bb%a3%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%8e%e5%b8%82%e6%91%a9%e7%99%bb%e7%94%9f%e6%b4%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=453","title":{"rendered":"\u88ab\u6218\u706b\u6e6e\u706d\u7684\u6d6e\u534e\u5149\u5f71\uff1a\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u6469\u767b\u751f\u6d3b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4f5c\u8005: \u51af\u5ba2\u00a0 \u00a0\u6765\u6e90:\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u751f\u6d3b\u300b<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u65cb\u5373\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u5386\u53f2\u5f62\u6784\u4e0b\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5bf9\u5176\u5386\u53f2\u5f62\u6784\u53d1\u751f\u5236\u7ea6\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u5f3a\u8c03\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5185\u6db5\u4e0e\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u8868\u9762\u610f\u4e49\u597d\u4f3c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u6027\u662f\u4e2a\u65e2\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u66f4\u5e94\u68c0\u9a8c\u6211\u4eec\u5468\u906d\u4e16\u754c\u7269\u8d28\u9762\u5411\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e94\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u79cd\u63a5\u53d7\u4eba\u4e0e\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u7740\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u53d6\u5f84\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ecf\u7740\u5242\uff0c\u4f7f\u793e\u4f1a\u4eba(social beings)\u4e0e\u7269\u8d28\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5f97\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\uff1a\u7528 Paul Graves-Brown \u7684\u8bdd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6587\u5316\u662f\u5728\u4eba\u4e0e\u7269\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u91cc\u884d\u751f\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u76d1\u72f1<\/p>\n

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\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u83c1\u82f1\u5c06\u5bf9\u7f6a\u72af\u7684\u5bfc\u6b63\u89c6\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u9769\u65b0\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u51dd\u805a\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6743\u529b\u90fd\u53ea\u80fd\u85c9\u7531\u5851\u9020\u987a\u4ece\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u800c\u5f97\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6b64\u4e00\u6559\u80b2\u4f7f\u547d\u5ef6\u4f38\u81f3\u5168\u5957\u76d1\u7981\u7684\u6148\u5584\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u5b64\u513f\u9662\u3001\u6551\u6d4e\u9662\u3001\u611f\u5316\u9662\u3001\u517b\u8001\u9662\u3001\u5987\u5973\u611f\u5316\u9662\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u6536\u5bb9\u6240\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f97\u529b\u4e8e\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5747\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u5c06\u5f31\u52bf\u65cf\u7fa4\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u9053\u5fb7\u7fa4\u4f53\u3001\u5177\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u4e4b\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4eac\u5e08\u5206\u76d1\u7684\u770b\u5b88\u4e0e\u7aef\u5750\u7684\u72f1\u56da<\/p>\n

\u76d1\u72f1\u5f53\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bfc\u6b63\u5b83\u7684\u6682\u65f6\u5c45\u6c11\uff1a\u8bda\u5982\u6d82\u5c14\u5e72(mile Durkheim)\u8001\u65e9\u5c31\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u76d1\u72f1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u7ba1\u8bad\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u56f0\u96be\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u56da\u72af\u7f3a\u4e4f\u53c2\u4e0e\u201c\u5bfc\u6b63\u201d\u7684\u610f\u613f\uff1a\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u7684\u573a\u5408\u5982\u5b66\u6821\u6216\u5de5\u5382\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u5fc5\u7136\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u5171\u540c\u62c5\u8d1f\u7740\u7ba1\u8bad\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u7ba1\u8bad\u5f97\u4ee5\u53d1\u6325\u529f\u6548\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u81ea\u6211\u89c4\u8303\u6700\u8981\u7d27\u7684\u81ea\u5c0a\u5fc3\u88ab\u5f3a\u593a\uff0c\u76d1\u72f1\u5e76\u672a\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u201c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6709\u7d20\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u201d\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u987d\u56fa\u7684\u7d2f\u72af\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56da\u72af\u51fa\u72f1\u540e\u5f80\u5f80\u56de\u5230\u72af\u7f6a\u751f\u6daf\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u94c1\u7a97\u91cc\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u5374\u65e0\u7591\u6709\u7740\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\uff1a\u673a\u5668\u7f1d\u5236\u7684\u5236\u670d\uff0c\u4e25\u683c\u7ba1\u5236\u751f\u6d3b\u4f5c\u606f\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u949f\u58f0\uff0c\u64cd\u573a\u4e0a\u7684\u4f53\u64cd\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6392\u5217\u6574\u9f50\u5730\u8fdb\u5165\u9910\u5385\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76e5\u6d17\u5ba4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7262\u72f1\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u6df1\u53d7\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u6280\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u800c\u7531\u77f3\u6750\u5efa\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u548c\u94a2\u94c1\u5f3a\u5316\u7684\u76d1\u72f1\u5efa\u7b51\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5219\u5f80\u5f80\u5177\u6709\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u73bb\u7483\u7a97\u3001\u81ea\u6765\u6c34\u3001\u7535\u529b\u4e0e\u706d\u706b\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u7a77\u4eba\u65e0\u529b\u652f\u4ed8\u8d4e\u91d1\uff0c\u8d2b\u7a77\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u5728\u72f1\u4e2d\u76f8\u4f1a\u3002\u5f53\u51e0\u4e4e\u6574\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u591c\u665a\u4ecd\u7136\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u9ed1\u6697\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u7b2c\u4e00\u76d1\u72f1(\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u5211\u7f5a\u673a\u6784\u4e4b\u4e00)\u5374\u662f\u706f\u706b\u901a\u660e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e24\u95f4\u7262\u623f\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u706f\u6ce1\u3002\u6216\u8bb8\u4f1a\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\uff1a\u4f9d\u7167\u6c11\u56fd\u4ee5\u6765\u76d1\u72f1\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u6765\u5efa\u9020\u5e76\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u201c\u6a21\u8303\u76d1\u72f1\u201d(model prison)\u662f\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\u57281930\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5927\u7ea650\u95f4\u65b0\u5f0f\u76d1\u72f1\u904d\u5e03\u5168\u56fd\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6cbf\u6d77\u57ce\u5e02\uff1a\u5927\u91cf\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u67091%\u7684\u56da\u72af\u5403\u7740\u8fd9\u79cd\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u7684\u7262\u996d\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5934\u4e00\u6b21\u63a5\u53d7\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u7ba1\u8bad\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u521d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u5171\u5395\u6240\u3001\u6dcb\u6d74\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u9910\u5385\u548c\u5de5\u5382\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5211\u7f5a\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027(penal modernity)\u662f\u7c97\u7cd9\u7684\uff1a\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u76d1\u72f1\u906d\u9047\u7ecf\u8d39\u4e0d\u8db3\u548c\u8fc7\u5ea6\u62e5\u6324\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56da\u72af\u53d7\u5230\u5351\u52a3\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u7ba1\u8bad\u3002\u8bf4\u597d\u542c\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u65e0\u804a\u65e5\u5b50\uff0c\u8bf4\u96be\u542c\u5c31\u662f\u76d1\u7981\u81f3\u6b7b\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u76d1\u72f1\u4e2d\uff0c\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u98e2\u9991\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7316\u7357\uff0c\u8fd9\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u76d1\u72f1\u7684\u56f4\u5899\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u52c9\u5f3a\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7ef4\u6301\u60b2\u60e8\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7a77\u4eba\u4e0e\u5931\u4e1a\u8005\u7684\u5883\u51b5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fde\u6a21\u8303\u76d1\u72f1\u90fd\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u8fc7\u5ea6\u62e5\u6324\u548c\u8d22\u52a1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u4ee5\u767e\u8ba1\u3001\u4e0e\u65b0\u5f0f\u76d1\u72f1\u6bd4\u90bb\u800c\u5c45\u7684\u65e7\u5f0f\u53bf\u7acb\u76d1\u72f1\u5c31\u66f4\u7cdf\u4e86\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u672a\u7ecf\u6539\u9769\u7684\u53bf\u7acb\u76d1\u72f1\uff0c\u5668\u6750\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ecd\u7136\u663e\u9732\u7740\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u3002\u5f53\u590d\u53bf\u53bf\u7acb\u76d1\u72f1\u57281923\u5e74\u88ab\u5949\u5929\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u53f7\u76d1\u72f1\u63a5\u7ba1\u65f6\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u6e05\u5355\u3002\u597d\u4f3c\u9a8c\u5c38\u5b98\u7f57\u5217\u51fa\u6b7b\u8005\u9057\u7269\u7684\u6e05\u5355\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4efd\u7269\u54c1\u6e05\u5355\u4e5f\u5bf9\u4e00\u5ea7\u5c0f\u578b\u76d1\u72f1\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7269\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7c97\u7565\u7684\u8f6e\u5ed3\uff1a\u9664\u4e86\u529e\u516c\u8bbe\u5907\u5982\u4e24\u5f20\u529e\u516c\u684c\u3001\u4e24\u53ea\u8336\u51e0\u3001\u5341\u4e8c\u5f20\u6905\u5b50\u3001\u4e00\u5ea7\u949f\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u7897\u67dc\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a71\u67dc\u4ee5\u53ca\u7a97\u5e18\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5c0f\u4ef6\u7269\u54c1\u4e5f\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7684\u5217\u4e0a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u56db\u4e2a\u75f0\u76c2\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b3c\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76d1\u72f1\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u6bbf\u5802\uff0c\u53f8\u6cd5\u673a\u6784\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u8c61\u5f81\u56fd\u5bb6\u6743\u529b\u4e0e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6240\u53ca\u7684\u5a01\u6151\u4e4b\u7891\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u76d1\u72f1\u5916\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e5f\u7ecf\u7531\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5448\u663e\u51fa\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u81ea\u665a\u6e05\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u548c\u6c11\u95f4\u56e2\u4f53\u7aed\u5c3d\u6240\u80fd\u5730\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5bb6\u56ed\u6539\u9020\u6210\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u201d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u6781\u4e3a\u7e41\u590d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f53\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316(being modern)\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u5f3a\u5e76\u8fdc\u8fdc\u5730\u6269\u6563\u81f3\u901a\u5546\u53e3\u5cb8\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u201d\u5df2\u7136\u63b3\u83b7\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u83c1\u82f1\u4e43\u81f3\u4e00\u822c\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u5fc3\u3002\u6b63\u5982 David Strand \u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u5728\u504f\u8fdc\u7684\u5170\u5dde\uff0c\u5e02\u957f\u52aa\u529b\u4f7f\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\uff1a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7518\u8083\u7701\uff0c\u8fdc\u79bb\u653f\u6cbb\u793e\u4ea4\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ee5\u9a86\u9a7c\u4e3a\u4ea4\u901a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u65c5\u884c\u6761\u4ef6\u6076\u52a3\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u7684\u5170\u5dde\uff0c\u57281930\u5e74\u4ee3\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u642d\u4e58\u8f66\u8f86\u548c\u98de\u673a\u62b5\u8fbe\u3002\u65b0\u516c\u8def\u57281935\u5e74\u7ae3\u5de5\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u6709\u4f11\u606f\u7ad9\uff0c\u5341\u5e74\u540e\u706b\u8f66\u7ad9\u542f\u7528\u3002\u5e02\u653f\u5385\u548c\u65b0\u5f0f\u76d1\u72f1\u76f8\u7ee7\u843d\u6210\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u6709\u65b0\u94fa\u7684\u516c\u8def\u3001\u516c\u5171\u6fa1\u5802\u3001\u8857\u706f\u4e0e\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u4f9b\u6c11\u4f17\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6765\u81ea\u9644\u8fd1\u5c71\u533a\u7684\u80ae\u810f\u4e95\u6c34\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u75c5\u60a3\u4f1a\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u533b\u9662\u4e2d\u63a5\u53d7\u6cbb\u7597\u3002\u5170\u5dde\u662f\u5ea7\u4eba\u53e3\u5c11\u4e8e\u5341\u4e94\u4e07\u4eba\u3001\u4f4d\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb\u7248\u56fe\u8fb9\u7f18\u7684\u5185\u9646\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5374\u594b\u529b\u5730\u722c\u4e0a\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u57ce\u5e02\u201d\u7684\u90fd\u5e02\u5c42\u7ea7(urban hierarchy)\u3002\u6839\u636e Olga Lang\u8eab\u5904\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u90fd\u50cf\u5170\u5dde\u4e00\u6837\u62e5\u6709\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u3001\u53d1\u7535\u5382\u3001\u7535\u706f\u3001\u9762\u7c89\u5382\u3001\u80a5\u7682\u5de5\u5382\u3001\u67cf\u6cb9\u8def\u3001\u9713\u8679\u706f\u3001\u7535\u62a5\u4e0e\u7535\u8bdd\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u65b0\u5f0f\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u533b\u9662\u548c\u996d\u5e97\uff0c\u800c\u534a\u6570\u7684\u4fc4\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u5728\u8be5\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff0c\u94fa\u597d\u7684\u8def\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u533b\u9662\u5728\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u90fd\u5f88\u96be\u770b\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7167\u76f8<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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\u5317\u65b9\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u5927\u540c\u5c0f\u5f02\uff1a\u5728\u9996\u90fd\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u811a\u8e0f\u8f66\u90fd\u6709\u8f66\u724c\u53f7\u7801\u4e14\u987b\u4e0d\u5b9a\u671f\u7f34\u4ea4\u6708\u7a0e\u3002\u4e1c\u5b89\u5e02\u573a\u2500\u2500\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u62cd\u7167\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e4b\u4e00\u2500\u2500\u57281920\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u4e3b\u8981\u51fa\u5165\u53e3\u9644\u8fd1\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e0a\u767e\u8f86\u7684\u811a\u8e0f\u8f66\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u5317\u4eac\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5c0f\u9547\u6e05\u6cb3(\u4eba\u53e32,500\u4eba)\uff0c1929\u5e74\u5728\u5168\u9547122\u5bb6\u5546\u5e97\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u670942\u5bb6\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u8f86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u811a\u8e0f\u8f66\u3002\u9a6c\u8f66\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u5c11\u7528\u4e86\uff1a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd0\u9001\u5305\u88f9\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u592a\u6162\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u519b\u9600\u7684\u5f3a\u884c\u5f81\u6536\u800c\u9010\u6e10\u7a00\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u811a\u8e0f\u8f66\u5728\u5317\u65b9\u5e73\u539f\u6709\u5176\u4f18\u8d8a\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u513f\u7684\u9053\u8def\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u72ed\u7a84\u7684\u5c0f\u5f84\uff0c\u4f53\u578b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ee5\u624b\u62ac\u8d77\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u5de5\u5177\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5317\u65b9\u4e61\u95f4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684 John Logan \u770b\u89c1\u8bb8\u591a\u811a\u8e0f\u8f66\u5faa\u7740\u7530\u57c2\u98de\u9a70\u800c\u8fc7\u3002\u811a\u8e0f\u8f66\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u6613\u5730\u7a7f\u68ad\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u72ed\u7a84\u7684\u80e1\u540c\u91cc\uff0c\u6291\u6216\u5357\u65b9\u57ce\u5e02\u72ed\u5c0f\u66f2\u6298\u7684\u5df7\u5f04\u4e2d\u3002\u8d77\u521d\uff0c\u5e74\u8f7b\u5b66\u5b50\u65f6\u5e38\u9a91\u811a\u8e0f\u8f66\u56de\u5230\u4e61\u95f4\uff0c\u5bcc\u88d5\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u89c9\u5f97\u5b83\u5341\u5206\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u811a\u8e0f\u8f66\u5728\u6cbf\u6d77\u7701\u4efd\u9887\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u5916\u6765\u54c1\u7ecf\u8fc7\u672c\u5730\u7684\u6539\u826f\uff0c\u50cf\u519c\u6c11\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u5de7\u5999\u5730\u5229\u7528\u7ecf\u5e38\u4fee\u7406\u7684\u811a\u8e0f\u8f66\u8f7d\u8fd0\u7740\u91cd\u7269\u884c\u8d70\u5728\u72ed\u7a84\u800c\u6ce5\u6cde\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u3002\u52301930\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u811a\u8e0f\u8f66\u662f\u5168\u56fd\u666e\u904d\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u751f\u6d3b\u7279\u8272\uff1aInnes Jackson \u6e38\u89c8\u957f\u6c99\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u88ab\u6ee1\u8857\u53ee\u5f53\u4f5c\u54cd\u3001\u62f4\u5728\u524d\u8f6e\u8f6e\u8f74\u4e0a\u7684\u811a\u8e0f\u8f66\u94c3\u58f0\u6240\u6df9\u6ca1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u58f0\u54cd\u672a\u5c1d\u7a0d\u6b47\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u94c1\u8def\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5f80\u5f80\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u94c1\u8def\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6b64\u79cd\u65b0\u5f0f\u8fd0\u8f93\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5df4\u58eb\u81f3\u4eca\u5219\u4ecd\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002\u76f8\u5bf9\u800c\u8a00\uff0c1930\u5e74\u4ee3\u79c1\u4eba\u6c7d\u8f66\u8fd8\u8f83\u4e3a\u5c11\u89c1(\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f4e\u4f30\u516c\u53f8\u884c\u53f7\u62e5\u6709\u798f\u7279\u6c7d\u8f66\u7684\u6570\u76ee)\uff0c\u5df4\u58eb\u5374\u5df2\u7136\u5f80\u8fd4\u4e8e\u57ce\u5e02\u4e0e\u4e61\u95f4\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u5728\u5317\u4eac\uff0c1930\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\u6bcf\u5929\u6709\u4e00\u767e\u8f86\u5df4\u58eb\u9a76\u51fa\uff0c\u8f7b\u6613\u5730\u4e0e\u9a86\u9a7c\u5546\u961f\u7ade\u4e89\u2500\u2500\u540e\u8005\u4ecd\u662f\u4ee4\u5916\u56fd\u6e38\u5ba2\u5174\u5473\u5341\u8db3\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u666f\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u6b21\u5927\u6218\u524d\u8fdb\u53e3\u7684\u91cd\u578b\u6c7d\u8f66\u591a\u6570\u53ea\u662f\u8f66\u5b50\u7684\u5e95\u76d8\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u5361\u8f66\u8f66\u8eab\u4e5f\u662f\u62b5\u8fbe\u540e\u518d\u52a0\u4ee5\u7ec4\u88c5\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u6709\u4e9b\u5361\u8f66\u4f1a\u914d\u5907\u5df4\u58eb\u8f66\u8eab\u4e13\u95e8\u8f7d\u5ba2\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u7528\u6765\u8f7d\u8d27\u4e0e\u8f7d\u5ba2\u7684\u3002\u591a\u6570\u7684\u5df4\u58eb\u5e95\u76d8\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5236\u7684\u9053\u5947(Dodge)\uff0c\u96ea\u4f5b\u5170(Chevrolet\u4f46\u8f66\u8eab\u5219\u662f\u56fd\u4ea7\u7684\uff1a\u8f66\u9876\u4f4e\uff0c\u5ea7\u6905\u9760\u80cc\u575a\u786c\u4f3c\u94c1\uff0c\u5b8c\u5de5\u7c97\u7cd9\u3002Gerald Yorke \u63cf\u8ff0\u4ed6\u6240\u4e58\u5750\u7684\u5df4\u58eb\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u62e5\u6324\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u70b9\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f86\u8f66\u662f\u65b0\u7684Morris\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f86\u662f\u7f3a\u5c11\u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u52a8\u5668\u4e0e\u542f\u52a8\u628a\u624b\u7684\u65e7\u798f\u7279\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u8f86\u662f\u96ea\u4f5b\u5170\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4e0e\u6392\u6863\u5f97\u7528\u624b\u56fa\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u201dInnes Jackson \u7ecf\u5e38\u5728\u6c49\u53e3\u642d\u4e58\u5f53\u5730\u5df4\u58eb\uff1a\u5df4\u58eb\u4e0a\u65f6\u5e38\u6324\u6ee1\u4e86\u58eb\u5175\u4e0e\u519c\u4eba\uff0c\u73bb\u7483\u7a97\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u7834\u7684\uff0c\u884c\u9a76\u5728\u672a\u94fa\u67cf\u6cb9\u7684\u9ec4\u571f\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c18\u6c99\u98de\u8fdb\u4e58\u5ba2\u7684\u773c\u775b\u548c\u9f3b\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c\u7559\u5728\u5934\u53d1\u3001\u8863\u670d\u4e0e\u884c\u674e\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u5f15\u64ce\u5403\u7740\u6cb9\uff0c\u8f70\u8f70\u9686\u9686\uff0c\u560e\u560e\u4f5c\u54cd\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u4e8f\u4e86\u4ea8\u5229\u798f\u7279\u7684\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5b83\u4ece\u4e0d\u629b\u951a\u3002\u5df4\u58eb\u4e0d\u4f46\u8010\u7528\uff0c\u8fd8\u683c\u5916\u80fd\u591f\u9002\u5e94\u5185\u5730\u6076\u52a3\u7684\u8def\u51b5\uff1a1930\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u6761\u4ece\u6606\u660e\u5230\u5b89\u5b81\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u8f86\u96ea\u4f5b\u5170\u5df4\u58eb\u594b\u529b\u5730\u5728\u96e8\u4e2d\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u8f66\u540e\u7559\u4e0b\u4e24\u6761\u6df1\u6df1\u7684\u8f68\u8ff9\u2500\u2500\u6c7d\u8f66\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u529e\u5230\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5982Dudley Buxton\u5728\u51761929\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u5730\u7406\u4e2d\u6240\u8bb0\uff0c\u8d38\u6613\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u8d2b\u4e4f\u4f7f\u673a\u68b0\u8fd0\u8f93\u5de5\u5177\u672a\u80fd\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u4e0a\u5360\u9886\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u65e7\u79e9\u5e8f\u6b63\u5728\u6025\u901f\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u6c7d\u8f66\u751a\u81f3\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u56db\u5ddd\u3002\u5df4\u58eb\u80fd\u6df1\u5165\u94c1\u8def\u65e0\u6cd5\u62b5\u8fbe\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u767e\u4e07\u7684\u4eba\u5e26\u6765\u7a7a\u524d\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5b83\u8ba9\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u8d27\u7269\u548c\u65b0\u89c2\u5ff5\u5f97\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u5730\uff0c\u5c06\u5730\u65b9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7edf\u5408\u8fdb\u5168\u56fd\u4e0e\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7684\u4e92\u52a9\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4f5c\u8005: \u51af\u5ba2\u00a0 \u00a0\u6765\u6e90:\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u751f\u6d3b\u300b \u57281949\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6709\u591a\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u201d\uff1f\u666e\u904d\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u662f\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u53ef\u6551\u836f\u7684\u843d […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8],"tags":[5438,6257,15683,15682],"views":509,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/453"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=453"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/453\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":51691,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/453\/revisions\/51691"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=453"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=453"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=453"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}