{"id":49234,"date":"2025-03-17T11:27:46","date_gmt":"2025-03-17T03:27:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=49234"},"modified":"2025-03-17T11:27:46","modified_gmt":"2025-03-17T03:27:46","slug":"%e5%9c%9f%e8%80%b3%e5%85%b6%e5%9b%bd%e7%88%b6%e5%87%af%e6%9c%ab%e5%b0%94%e7%9a%84%e6%80%9d%e6%83%b3%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=49234","title":{"rendered":"\u571f\u8033\u5176\u56fd\u7236\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e16\u754c"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"daodu\" 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intellectual biography\u201d\uff0c\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u60f3\u5199\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4f20\u8bb0\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u679d\u8513\u6027\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u6781\u5c11\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u90e8\u5934\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u8bfb\u5b8c\u3002\u4f46\u82e5\u60f3\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u4e66\u4e86\u89e3\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u7684\u751f\u5e73\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u5931\u671b\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u96c6\u4e2d\u5730\u6316\u6398\u548c\u4e66\u5199\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5176\u751f\u5e73\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u7ec6\u8282\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u88ab\u4f5c\u8005\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u7565\u5730\u4e00\u7b14\u5e26\u8fc7\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"http:\/\/zdimg.lifeweek.com.cn\/bg\/20180316\/1521197819495nzpac.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u5fb7\u9c81\u00b7\u66fc\u53e4\u300a\u963f\u5854\u56fe\u5c14\u514b\u300b\uff08The Overlook Press, 2002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u54c8\u5c3c\u5965\u5362\u4e5f\u662f\u5c06\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u4f5c\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u571f\u8033\u5176\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u7f14\u9020\u8005\u6765\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u56fd\u7236\u8fd8\u539f\u5230\u5176\u672c\u5e94\u5904\u4e8e\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u7a7a\u60c5\u5883\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u665a\u671f\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\u53f2\u6216\u571f\u8033\u5176\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u53f2\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u53f2\u751a\u81f3\u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0d\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u53f2\u800c\u662f\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7684\u3002\u54c8\u5c3c\u5965\u5362\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u3001\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u3001\u6ce8\u91cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u65e0\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u7684\u539f\u521b\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5438\u6536\u5404\u79cd\u6e90\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u4fe1\u5ff5\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u6307\u5357\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u7834\u9664\u4e86\u90a3\u79cd\u5c06\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u89c6\u4e3a\u5929\u624d\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u80fd\u7684\u201c\u9886\u8896\u7406\u8bba\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f24\u5bb3\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u519b\u4e8b\u7684\u5929\u624d\u4e0e\u82f1\u96c4\u7684\u5149\u73af\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u5e78\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u638c\u8235\u8005\uff0c\u5927\u6743\u5728\u63e1\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u8c0b\u7565\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u4e0e\u5176\u6709\u76f8\u8fd1\u601d\u60f3\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u524d\u8f88\u4eec\u6240\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u673a\u9047\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u5e1d\u56fd\u665a\u671f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f62\u6210\u5e76\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u6587\u5316\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7406\u5ff5\u4ed8\u8bf8\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u571f\u8033\u5176\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u5bf9\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5bf9\u571f\u8033\u5176\u201c\u72ec\u7acb\u6218\u4e89\u53f2\u201d\u6216\u201c\u571f\u8033\u5176\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u53f2\u201d\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u662f\u5728\u9769\u547d\u53f2\u8303\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u571f\u8033\u5176\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5b98\u65b9\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u9769\u547d\u53f2\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u603b\u7ad9\u5728\u80dc\u5229\u8005\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u770b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u201c\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e2d\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u571f\u8033\u5176\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u56fd\u5916\u2014\u2014\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u538b\u5012\u6027\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u5373\u4ed6\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u7ad9\u5728\u80dc\u5229\u8005\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u6765\u770b\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7279\u522b\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u5728\u571f\u8033\u5176\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u80dc\u5229\u8005\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u5c31\u662f\u7a46\u65af\u5854\u6cd5\u00b7\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u7684\u515a\u4eba\u7acb\u573a\u3002\u201d\uff08EricJan Z\u00fcrcher,\u00a0Political Opposition in the Early Turkish Republic: The Progressive Republican Party, 1924-1925, Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1991, p. VIII\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5bf9\u571f\u8033\u5176\u9769\u547d\u53f2\u7684\u4e66\u5199\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u6ca1\u6709\u6446\u8131\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e8c\u4e03\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u201c\u4f1f\u5927\u6f14\u8bf4\u201d\uff08Nutuk\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u4e8e\u5f53\u5e74\u5341\u6708\u5341\u4e94\u81f3\u4e8c\u5341\u65e5\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u4ed6\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u6c11\u65cf\u8fd0\u52a8\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u518d\u73b0\u548c\u201c\u6784\u5efa\u201d\u4e86\u6c11\u65cf\u89e3\u653e\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9769\u547d\u53f2\u53d9\u4e8b\u5b9a\u4e86\u8c03\uff09\uff1a\u5c06\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u672c\u4eba\u523b\u753b\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff08\u8235\u624b\uff09\u548c\u4f1f\u5927\u6551\u661f\uff08Hal\u00e2skar\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u8981\u4e48\u5c31\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u62e5\u62a4\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5c31\u662f\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u7684\u53cd\u52a8\u5206\u5b50\uff1b\u9769\u547d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5373\u5efa\u7acb\u5171\u548c\u5236\u7684\u571f\u8033\u5176\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u62d9\u6587\u300a\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u2014\u2014\u6d45\u6790\u571f\u8033\u5176\u73b0\u4ee3\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u8303\u5f0f\u300b\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"http:\/\/zdimg.lifeweek.com.cn\/bg\/20180316\/1521197832722beasx.jpg\" 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src=\"http:\/\/zdimg.lifeweek.com.cn\/bg\/20180316\/1521197840194gwvqe.jpg\" 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src=\"http:\/\/zdimg.lifeweek.com.cn\/bg\/20180316\/1521197880680trgld.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5de6\u56fe\uff1a\u683c\u5c14\u8328\u300a\u6b66\u88c5\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u300b\uff08Adamant Media Corporation\uff0c2001\uff09\uff1b\u53f3\u56fe\uff1a\u52d2\u5e9e\u300a\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u5fc3\u7406\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\u300b\uff08CreateSpace Independent Publishing 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src=\"http:\/\/zdimg.lifeweek.com.cn\/bg\/20180316\/1521197947298jckoi.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Esra Ozyurek\u300a\u6000\u65e7\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\uff1a\u571f\u8033\u5176\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u65e5\u5e38\u653f\u6cbb\u300b\uff08Duke University Press, 2006\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5982\u4eca\u5df2\u7ecf\u5904\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u6495\u88c2\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u571f\u8033\u5176\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u653f\u6cbb\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7684\u57c3\u5c14\u591a\u5b89\u4e3b\u4e49\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u4f46\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5728\u57c3\u5c14\u591a\u5b89\u6267\u653f\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e45\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u65f6\u5730\u5c31\u4f1a\u8bd5\u63a2\u4e00\u4e0b\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u906d\u5230\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u62b5\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u4e3b\u4e49\u6301\u4e45\u3001\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f8b\u8bc1\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u4e3b\u4e49\u65e5\u76ca\u88ab\u8fb9\u7f18\u5316\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5bf9\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u50f5\u5316\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5904\u7406\u662f\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u5f53\u4ee3\u571f\u8033\u5176\u7684\u51ef\u672b\u5c14\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ece\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u9610\u91ca\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u4ecd\u5c06\u957f\u671f\u5904\u4e8e\u6743\u529b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\uff0c\u571f\u8033\u5176\u793e\u4f1a\u56f4\u7ed5\u56fd\u7236\u9057\u4ea7\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u88c2\u75d5\u4e5f\u5c06\u96be\u4ee5\u5f25\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img 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