{"id":50101,"date":"2025-03-26T04:39:31","date_gmt":"2025-03-25T20:39:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=50101"},"modified":"2025-07-20T06:07:15","modified_gmt":"2025-07-19T22:07:15","slug":"%e6%b2%a7%e6%a1%91%e4%b8%8e%e8%8d%a3%e5%85%89%ef%bc%9a%e8%b4%9d%e5%b0%94%e5%ae%9e%e9%aa%8c%e5%ae%a4%e7%9a%84%e7%99%be%e5%b9%b4%e5%85%b4%e8%a1%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=50101","title":{"rendered":"\u6ca7\u6851\u4e0e\u8363\u5149\uff1a\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u767e\u5e74\u5174\u8870"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u5bfc\u8bfb\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section data-id=\"87890\">\n<section>\u201c\u805a\u662f\u4e00\u56e2\u706b\uff0c\u6563\u662f\u6ee1\u5929\u661f\u3002\u201d\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u7fa4\u82f1\u835f\u8403\uff0c\u601d\u7ef4\u6fc0\u8361\uff0c\u521b\u65b0\u4e4b\u706b\u71c3\u70e7\u4e0d\u606f\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bde\u751f\u4e863\u4e07\u591a\u9879\u4e13\u5229\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u51fa18\u4f4d\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u30019\u4f4d\u56fe\u7075\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f17\u591a\u8363\u81ba\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ea7\u9876\u7ea7\u8363\u8a89\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u5b55\u80b2\u4e86\u6539\u53d8\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u53d1\u660e\u2014\u2014\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u3001\u6fc0\u5149\u5668\u3001\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u3001\u53d1\u5149\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u3001\u901a\u4fe1\u536b\u661f\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u6570\u5b57\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684C\u8bed\u8a00\u548cUNIX\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u65e0\u4e0d\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fc8\u5411\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u4e00\u5bb6\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1925\u5e741\u6708\u7684\u4f20\u5947\u79d1\u7814\u673a\u6784\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4ee5\u7535\u8bdd\u53d1\u660e\u8005\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u8d1d\u5c14\uff08Alexander Bell\uff09\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u8d70\u51fa\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u624d\u667a\u548c\u5bf9\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u65e0\u5c3d\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u523b\u5165\u79d1\u6280\u53f2\u518c\uff0c\u70b9\u71c3\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u660e\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u706b\u70ac\uff0c\u95ea\u8000\u81f3\u4eca\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section><strong>\u6765\u6e90: \u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f<\/strong><\/section>\n<section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5de5\u7a0b\u9662\u3001ACM\u53caIEEE\u9662\u58eb\u3001C++\u4e4b\u7236\u6bd4\u96c5\u5c3c\u00b7\u65af\u7279\u52b3\u65af\u7279\u9c81\u666e\uff08Bjarne Stroustrup\uff09\u57282024\u5e74\u5168\u7403C++\u53ca\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6280\u672f\u5927\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u5149\u5f15\u5411\u4e86\u90a3\u4e2a\u5b55\u80b2\u4e86\u65e0\u6570\u79d1\u6280\u5947\u8ff9\u7684\u6447\u7bee\u2014\u2014\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3002\u81ea1925\u5e741\u6708\u8bde\u751f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u767e\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee5\u5176\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u548c\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\u95fb\u540d\u4e8e\u4e16\u7684\u201c\u521b\u610f\u5de5\u5382\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u79d1\u6280\u53f2\u4e0a\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u6d53\u58a8\u91cd\u5f69\u7684\u4e00\u7b14\u3002<\/section>\n<p>\u767e\u5e74\u98ce\u4e91\uff0c\u77ac\u606f\u800c\u8fc7\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6ca7\u6851\u4e0e\u8363\u5149\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u94ed\u523b\u4e8e\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section data-id=\"106318\">\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><strong>1.\u56de\u7738\u68a6\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff1a<\/strong><strong>\u4ee5\u8d1d\u5c14\u4e3a\u540d\uff0c\u4e0e\u901a\u4fe1\u6d6a\u6f6e\u76f8\u4f34\u76f8\u751f<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p>\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4f59\u6656\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u9886\u57df\u5b9b\u5982\u4e00\u5e45\u5f90\u5f90\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u753b\u5377\uff0c\u5e26\u7740\u5c81\u6708\u6c89\u6dc0\u7684\u6591\u9a73\u4e0e\u539a\u91cd\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u7535\u8bdd\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u6380\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u7535\u8bdd\u516c\u53f8\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u79d1\u6280\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\u7684\u5f04\u6f6e\u513f\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7535\u8bdd\u7535\u62a5\u516c\u53f8\uff08ATT\uff09\u4ece\u8d1d\u5c14\u7535\u8bdd\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6000\u62b1\u4e2d\u8131\u80ce\u800c\u51fa\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u58ee\u5927\uff0c\u638c\u63a7\u7740\u901a\u4fe1\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\u5929\u5730\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u597d\u666f\u4e0d\u957f\uff0c\u4e13\u5229\u5230\u671f\u7684\u9634\u4e91\u3001\u540c\u884c\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u8ba9 ATT\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u6ce5\u6dd6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1907\u5e74\uff0c\u897f\u5965\u591a\u00b7\u97e6\u5c14\uff08Theodore Vail\uff09\u4e34\u5371\u53d7\u547d\uff0c\u51fa\u4efb\u516c\u53f8\u603b\u88c1\u3002\u5728\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6df1\u523b\u53cd\u601d\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4e00\u5957\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u670d\u52a1\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u6781\u5177\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u51b3\u5fc3\u5e26\u9886\u516c\u53f8\u91cd\u56de\u5dc5\u5cf0\uff0c\u8ba9\u5927\u6279\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u6210\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u653b\u575a\u7684\u5229\u5203\uff0c\u8a93\u8981\u8ba9\u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\u4e0e\u8d1d\u5c14\u7cfb\u7edf\u751f\u6b7b\u76f8\u4f9d\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u5ff5\u4e5f\u5728\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5145\u5206\u8d2f\u5f7b\u3002<\/p>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/q9.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/1f736017977244b99f83e79f8a1d4dd1.jpeg\" \/><\/section>\n<p>\u97e6\u5c14\u5728\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u5b9e\u73b0\u6216\u63a5\u8fd1\u5784\u65ad\u9700\u9ed8\u8bb8\u653f\u6cbb\u76d1\u7763\uff0c\u4e14\u6280\u672f\u7edf\u4e00\u3001\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u624d\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u597d\u670d\u52a1\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u516c\u53f8\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u9886\u57df\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff0c\u8ba1\u5212\u8ba9\u5927\u6279\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u6301\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b8c\u5584\u516c\u53f8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u5e94\u575a\u6301\u9075\u5faa\u201c\u5728\u8d1d\u5c14\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\u5c06\u4e0e\u8d1d\u5c14\u7cfb\u7edf\u5171\u5b58\u4ea1\u201d\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e24\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u5927\u5730\u9707\u540e\u7684\u5e9f\u589f\u4e0a\uff0cATT\u9ad8\u7ba1\u5f17\u5170\u514b\u00b7\u6731\u5384\u7279\u00a0\uff08Frank Jewett\uff09\u00a0\u671b\u7740\u6b8b\u7834\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u7ebf\u8def\uff0c\u6ee1\u5fc3\u61a7\u61ac\u7740\u8de8\u7f8e\u6d32\u5927\u9646\u901a\u8bdd\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u5929\u3002\u5f7c\u65f6\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u754c\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u867d\u5728\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u901a\u8bdd\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5374\u5728\u201c\u6a2a\u8de8\u7f8e\u6d32\u5927\u9646\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u96be\u9898\u524d\u671b\u800c\u5374\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/q8.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/fdb3ab0244b34908bd2762048ba04f46.jpeg\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u4e0e\u521b\u9020\u6280\u672f\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u6280\u672f\u66f4\u80fd\u7ed9\u6c11\u4f17\u7559\u4e0b\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u5bf9\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u8005\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6bd4\u8bad\u7ec3\u6709\u7d20\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u91ca\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/section>\n<p>\u6731\u5384\u7279\u6df1\u77e5\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u9700\u8981\u65b0\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u76ee\u5149\u6295\u5411\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\uff0c\u6c42\u52a9\u4e8e\u5927\u540d\u9f0e\u9f0e\u7684\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u5bc6\u7acb\u6839\uff08Robert Milliken\uff09\u3002\u5bc6\u7acb\u6839\u4e3e\u8350\u7684\u54c8\u7f57\u5fb7\u00b7\u963f\u8bfa\u5fb7\uff08Harold Arnold\uff09\u4e0d\u8d1f\u4f17\u671b\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u6539\u8fdb\u4e09\u6781\u7ba1\u653e\u5927\u5668\uff0c\u8ba9\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5230\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u7684\u901a\u8bdd\u57281915\u5e74\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n<section>\u5bc6\u7acb\u6839\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u5e74\u8f7b\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e5f\u76f8\u7ee7\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u4e3aATT\u6ce8\u5165\u6d3b\u529b\u3002\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u5df2\u96c6\u7ed3\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728ATT\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u897f\u7535\u516c\u53f8\u5f00\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/q8.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/d1b75fd22b0b4429a1c439f867978e3b.jpeg\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u5f53\u65f6\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u5148\u524d\u897f\u65b9\u7535\u6c14\u516c\u53f8\u5de5\u7a0b\u90e8\u7684\u603b\u90e8\u5927\u697c\u6574\u657413\u5c42\uff0c\u603b\u5efa\u7b51\u9762\u79ef\u8fbe\u5230\u4e8637200\u5e73\u65b9\u7c73\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>1921\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6cd5\u6848\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u7535\u8bdd\u4e1a\u8054\u90a6\u53cd\u6258\u62c9\u65af\u6cd5\u8c41\u514d\u6743\uff0c\u8fd9\u65e0\u7591\u4e3a\u7535\u8bdd\u4e1a\u7684\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u518d\u6dfb\u4e00\u628a\u65fa\u706b\uff0cATT\u7684\u5784\u65ad\u5730\u4f4d\u6108\u53d1\u7a33\u56fa\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u5145\u6ee1\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u673a\u9047\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u6d6a\u6f6e\u91cc\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5982\u540c\u7834\u571f\u800c\u51fa\u7684\u840c\u82bd\uff0c\u5728ATT\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u897f\u7535\u516c\u53f8\u6084\u7136\u5b55\u80b2\u3002\u4e00\u5c0f\u6279\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u897f\u8857\u7684\u5927\u697c\u91cc\uff0c\u6000\u63e3\u68a6\u60f3\uff0c\u8ffd\u9010\u7740\u901a\u4fe1\u79d1\u6280\u6700\u524d\u6cbf\u7684\u66d9\u5149\uff0c\u4e3a\u65e5\u540e\u9707\u60ca\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u6210\u679c\u57cb\u4e0b\u4e86\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\u3002<\/section>\n<p>1925\u5e74\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6b63\u5f0f\u5ba3\u544a\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5c31\u6b64\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u5b83\u5728\u79d1\u6280\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u7480\u74a8\u7bc7\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n<section data-id=\"106318\">\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><strong>2.\u70b9\u71c3\u521b\u65b0\u706b\u79cd\uff1a<\/strong><strong>\u805a\u7126\u4e09\u5927\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u594b\u8fdb\u4e4b\u5149\u95ea\u8000\u5168\u7403<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p>\u5728\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u521d\u521b\u5c81\u6708\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u4e09\u5927\u9886\u57df\uff1a\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5f7c\u6b64\u4ea4\u878d\u3001\u534f\u540c\u53d1\u529b\uff0c\u94f8\u5c31\u4e86\u901a\u4fe1\u6280\u672f\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6b21\u7a81\u7834\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u6df1\u624e\u7535\u4fe1\u6839\u57fa\uff0c\u6a2a\u8de8\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u3001\u6750\u6599\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f16\u7a0b\u7406\u8bba\u7b49\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u63a2\u5bfb\u5e95\u5c42\u5965\u79d8\uff1b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b\u7740\u773c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7535\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u7cbe\u96d5\u7ec6\u7422\uff0c\u529b\u6c42\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6781\u81f4\uff1b\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u5927\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u62c5\u8d77\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u7535\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u91cd\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n<section>1927\u5e74\uff0c\u514b\u6797\u987f\u00b7\u6234\u7ef4\u68ee\u00a0\uff08Clinton Davisson\uff09\u00a0\u4e0e\u83b1\u65af\u7279\u30fb\u683c\u83ab\u5c14\u00a0\uff08Lester Germer\uff09\u00a0\u7528\u7535\u5b50\u649e\u51fb\u954d\u6676\u4f53\uff0c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u7535\u5b50\u6ce2\u52a8\u6027\uff1b1933\u5e74\uff0c\u5361\u5c14\u30fb\u592e\u65af\u57fa\u00a0\uff08Karl Jansky\uff09\u00a0\u4ece\u566a\u58f0\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5f00\u542f\u5c04\u7535\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u5927\u95e8\u3002\u800c1947\u5e74\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u7684\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u582a\u79f0\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u66d9\u5149\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u7535\u5b50\u65b0\u7eaa\u5143\u3002\u6536\u97f3\u673a\u3001\u7535\u89c6\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7b49\u7531\u6b64\u8715\u53d8\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u88ab\u91cd\u5851\u3002<\/section>\n<p>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u30fb\u5df4\u4e01\u00a0\uff08John Bardeen\uff09\u00a0\u3001\u5a01\u5ec9\u30fb\u8096\u514b\u5229\u00a0\uff08William Shockley\uff09\u00a0\u3001\u534e\u7279\u30fb\u5e03\u62c9\u987f\u00a0\uff08Walter Brattain\uff09\u00a0\u94f8\u5c31\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u4f20\u5947\uff0c1956\u5e74\u6458\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\uff0c\u8096\u514b\u5229\u540e\u521b\u7acb\u7845\u8c37\u9996\u4f01\uff0c\u6539\u5199\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u8f68\u8ff9\u3002\u6bd4\u5c14\u00b7\u76d6\u8328\uff08Bill Gates\uff09\u90fd\u66fe\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u7a7f\u8d8a\u65f6\u7a7a\u53bb\u63a2\u9669\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ad9\u5c06\u662f1947\u5e7412\u6708\u7684\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/q5.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/e55c5f778a8a4f92abab86622eab9a79.jpeg\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u4e09\u4eba\u4e8e1956\u5e74\u83b7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u3002\u8096\u514b\u5229\u540e\u6765\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u7845\u8c37\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bb6\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u53ec\u96c6\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u7845\u8c37\u516b\u53db\u5f92\u201d\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u53f2\u3002<\/section>\n<section>1948 \u5e74\uff0c\u514b\u52b3\u5fb7\u30fb\u9999\u519c\u53d1\u8868\uff08Claude Shannon\uff09\u300a\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u5730\u63d0\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u71b5\u91cf\u5316\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e3a\u901a\u4fe1\u6ce8\u5165\u7cbe\u9b42\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u7acb\u4e0b\u4f20\u8f93\u6807\u5c3a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u4e3a\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66\u7b49\u591a\u9886\u57df\u7b51\u7262\u6839\u57fa\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u901a\u4fe1\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u52a9\u529b\u6570\u636e\u9ad8\u6548\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u50ac\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u521b\u65b0\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u7c7b\u4fe1\u606f\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u8fc8\u4e0a\u65b0\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002<\/section>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/q6.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/c68a66e6daa24a8183971dba26089230.jpeg\" \/><\/p>\n<section>\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e4b\u7236\u9999\u519c\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u7535\u8def\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u6280\u672f\u9886\u57df\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8fd8\u5bf9\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/section>\n<section>1964\u5e74\uff0c\u963f\u8bfa\u00b7\u5f6d\u9f50\u4e9a\u65af\uff08Arno Penzias\uff09\u548c\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\uff08Robert Wilson\uff09\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u65f6\uff0c\u610f\u5916\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5b87\u5b99\u5fae\u6ce2\u80cc\u666f\u8f90\u5c04\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d1\u73b0\u4e3a\u5927\u7206\u70b8\u7406\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u6b64\u65a9\u83b71978\u5e74\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u3002<\/section>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/q7.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/0378b1d34ea246779848bcddc72ed7b3.jpeg\" \/><\/p>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/q9.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/3b1ffaeb48544164bc47d871e6cc6767.jpeg\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u5f6d\u9f50\u4e9a\u65af\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u548c\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u53ca\u53d1\u73b0\u5b87\u5b99\u5fae\u6ce2\u80cc\u666f\u8f90\u5c04\u7684\u5929\u7ebf\u7cfb\u7edf<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>1969\u5e74\uff0cUNIX\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u56e0\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u7231\u597d\u4e0e\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u53f0\u88ab\u4eba \u201c\u9057\u5f03\u201d\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f3a\u52b2\u7684\u5c0f\u578b\u673a\u4e0a\u6210\u529f\u5b55\u80b2\u3002C\u8bed\u8a00\u7b49\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9769\u547d\u5e94\u58f0\u800c\u8d77\uff0c\u4e3a\u901a\u4fe1\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53d1\u5c55\u94fa\u5c31\u57fa\u77f3\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/q8.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/56c5547408bd43f8b51798aadcf07021.jpeg\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u4e39\u5c3c\u65af\u00b7\u5229\u5947\uff08Dennis Ritchie-\u53f3\uff09\u548c\u80af\u00b7\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\uff08Kenneth Thompson-\u5de6\uff09\u5728\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6210\u529f\u7814\u53d1\u4e86UNIX\u7cfb\u7edf\u548cC\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u4ece20\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\u523080\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7855\u679c\u7d2f\u7d2f\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u6df1\u8fdc\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u00a0\u5b83\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\u6210\u679c\u90fd\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u00a0\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/q5.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/ad6a78ba76ca4aafb147b2bdc0a9a266.png\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u4ece\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u8d70\u51fa\u7684\u5386\u5c4a\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5f97\u4e3b<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section data-id=\"106318\">\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><strong>3.\u8425\u9020\u79d1\u7814\u6e2f\u6e7e\uff1a<\/strong><strong>\u8679\u5438\u9876\u5c16\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u5f00\u653e\u6587\u5316\u6fc0\u52b1\u521b\u65b0<\/strong><\/section>\n<section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u805a\u96c6\u4e86\u4e00\u7fa4\u201c\u4e0d\u98df\u4eba\u95f4\u70df\u706b\u201d\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u68d8\u624b\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\u4f7f\u547d\uff0c\u5f00\u8bbe\u7740\u4e00\u6761\u6761\u65e0\u5f62\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u7ebf\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u7edd\u5999\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u7740\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u52fe\u52d2\u51fa\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u3002<\/section>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/q6.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/783f8143aad949fba3254c61e5728aca.jpeg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8d1d\u5c14\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u90e8<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6210\u7acb\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u6731\u5384\u7279\u638c\u63a7\u5927\u5c40\uff0c\u963f\u8bfa\u5fb7\u9886\u5bfc\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u89e6\u8fbe\u4f17\u591a\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5f7c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u76ee\u6807\u5b8f\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u951a\u5b9a\u5177\u4f53\u7814\u7a76\u8d70\u5411\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u4e00\u5fc3\u94bb\u7814\u4eba\u7c7b\u901a\u4fe1\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u5929\u5730\u3002\u00a0\u5b83\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4f4d\u9ad8\u77bb\u8fdc\u77a9\u7684\u9886\u822a\u8005\uff0c\u7528\u72ec\u7279\u7b56\u7565\u6fc0\u52b1\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u6301\u7eed\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u79c9\u6301\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u521b\u9020\u8f7b\u677e\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff1b\u4fe1\u4efb\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6218\u7565\u548c\u6280\u672f\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff1b\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u62db\u52df\u201c\u6700\u4f18\u79c0\u3001\u6700\u806a\u660e\u201d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u514d\u53bb\u7533\u8bf7\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ecf\u8d39\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff1b\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8425\u9020\u9f13\u52b1\u957f\u7ebf\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u6e29\u5e8a\uff0c\u8ba9\u96c7\u5458\u5728\u9002\u5ea6\u201c\u6709\u9650\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u91cc\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u5b9e\u8df5\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/q2.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/dda7e753289f4b12be9d7a32d4125fb8.jpeg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1929\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u7206\u53d1\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5927\u8427\u6761\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u505c\u6446\u793e\u4f1a\u6df7\u4e71<\/p>\n<section>1929\u5e74\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5927\u8427\u6761\u5982\u9634\u973e\u7b3c\u7f69\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u9677\u5165\u505c\u6446\u3001\u4e00\u7247\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5374\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u98ce\u66b4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7247\u5b81\u9759\u6e2f\u6e7e\u3002\u00a0\u51ed\u501fATT\u7684\u96c4\u539a\u8d22\u529b\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u52a0\u4e4b\u5f00\u653e\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7814\u7a76\u6c1b\u56f4\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f18\u6e25\u85aa\u916c\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7eb7\u81f3\u6c93\u6765\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u00a0\u6df1\u8c19\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u529b\u91cf\u548c\u201c\u8054\u5408\u521b\u9020\u529b\u653b\u514b\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u4e4b\u9053\u00a0\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5373\u5c06\u5f00\u542f\u7684\u8f89\u714c\u7bc7\u7ae0\u6512\u8db3\u4e86\u80fd\u91cf\u3002<\/section>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/q7.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/a89d2e875f504e4a95ca04341cb9fe0d.jpeg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5185<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece20\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u00a0\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u5b66\u672f\u4ea4\u6d41\u6d3b\u8dc3\uff0c\u601d\u60f3\u4f20\u64ad\u6e20\u9053\u591a\u6837\u00a0\u3002\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u62e5\u6709\u300a\u8d1d\u5c14\u7cfb\u7edf\u6280\u672f\u5b66\u62a5\u300b\u7b49\u5185\u90e8\u520a\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u5982\u539f\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u6700\u65b0\u6a21\u578b\u7b49\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u4e3e\u529e\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u62a5\u544a\u4f1a\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u7fa4\u82f1\u835f\u8403\uff0c\u5185\u5916\u90e8\u4e13\u5bb6\u643a\u6700\u65b0\u79d1\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u642d\u5efa\u8d77\u4e86\u4e0e\u9876\u5c16\u667a\u6167\u78b0\u649e\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/q6.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/86413a41f6b74c2580c28ff5bdd6fe62.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u8d1d\u5c14\u7cfb\u7edf\u6280\u672f\u5b66\u62a5\u300b1928\u5e747\u6708\u520a<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u00a0\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u81ea\u53d1\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5b66\u4e60\u5c0f\u7ec4\u00a0\uff0c\u5982\u8096\u514b\u5229\u5e26\u9886\u7684\u56fa\u6001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e60\u5c0f\u7ec4\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6bcf\u5468\u76f8\u805a\u7814\u8bfb\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u8f6e\u6d41\u8bb2\u6388\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7269\u7406\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u6d1e\u5bdf\u3002\u5c0f\u7ec4\u6c1b\u56f4\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4e0b\u73ed\u540e\u4ecd\u4e0d\u505c\u6b47\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f1a\u5728\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u53bb\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u516c\u5bd3\u6216\u9910\u9986\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u00a0\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e0d\u53d7\u65f6\u7a7a\u7f81\u7eca\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u601d\u7ef4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/q5.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/c251119077654e5bb578d0009cd56136.jpeg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e0e\u6f14\u793a<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u00a0\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5b66\u79d1\u95f4\u7684\u85e9\u7bf1\u662f\u5bbd\u677e\u7684\u3002\u00a0\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u9ed8\u745e\u5c71\u5927\u697c\uff0c\u5176\u5efa\u7b51\u8bbe\u8ba1\u72ec\u5177\u5320\u5fc3\uff0c\u957f\u5eca\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u5404\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u56e0\u6b64\u9891\u7e41\u78b0\u9762\uff0c\u4ea4\u6d41\u64e6\u51fa\u7075\u611f\u706b\u82b1\u3002\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u7814\u53d1\u5c31\u662f\u7edd\u4f73\u4f8b\u8bc1\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u58f0\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5b66\u8005\u7d27\u5bc6\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u6750\u6599\u5256\u6790\u5230\u5668\u4ef6\u6210\u578b\uff0c\u90fd\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7684\u76f8\u8f85\u76f8\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/q5.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/fd83e4959f7c4b188a65ed9ceaed36a3.jpeg\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u7814\u53d1\u56e2\u961f\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4ea4\u6d41<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u662f\u4e3b\u57fa\u8c03\u3002\u00a0\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u81ea\u9009\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u77ed\u671f\u96be\u89c1\u6210\u6548\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e5f\u575a\u5b9a\u652f\u6301\u3002\u8096\u514b\u5229\u63a2\u7d22\u56fa\u6001\u653e\u5927\u5668\uff0c\u521d\u671f\u867d\u7136\u5931\u8d25\u4f46\u4ecd\u88ab\u652f\u6301\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f97\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u8c03\u914d\u56e2\u961f\u3001\u5c1d\u8bd5\u591a\u5143\u6750\u6599\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u8f7b\u677e\u6c1b\u56f4\u4e2d\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u60f3\u6cd5\u4ed8\u8bf8\u5b9e\u9645\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/q3.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/6734fa30571345f18fbb90dc262f397d.png\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4<\/section>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4ee5\u5176\u72ec\u6709\u7684\u9b45\u529b\uff0c\u8679\u5438\u9876\u5c16\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u7528\u957f\u8fdc\u773c\u5149\u4e0e\u5bf9\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6267\u7740\uff0c\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6491\u5f00\u68a6\u60f3\u53cc\u7ffc\u3002\u00a0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9876\u5c16\u4eba\u624d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u62b1\u8d1f\uff0c\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u8a00\u4f20\u8eab\u6559\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u5408\u4f5c\u6fc0\u52b1\u7740\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u3002\u00a0\u8d44\u6df1\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5e38\u5e26\u9886\u5e74\u8f7b\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53c2\u4e0e\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4f20\u627f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u79ef\u6781\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u6001\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6ce8\u5165\u521b\u65b0\u6d3b\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u4ea7\u51fa\u63a8\u52a8\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<section><\/section>\n<section data-id=\"106318\">\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><strong>4.\u6de1\u51fa\u5386\u53f2\u821e\u53f0\uff1a<\/strong><strong>\u4ece\u62c6\u5206\u6cd5\u4ee4\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u201c\u521b\u65b0\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u201d\u6e10\u6e10\u6d88\u901d<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p>\u66fe\u7ecf\uff0c\u5728\u4f17\u4eba\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7b03\u5b9a\u5c06\u6cbf\u7740\u8f89\u714c\u4e4b\u8def\u5954\u884c\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8c01\u4e5f\u672a\u66fe\u6599\u5230\uff0c\u4e00\u9053\u6cd5\u4ee4\u6070\u4f3c\u6674\u5929\u9739\u96f3\uff0c\u608d\u7136\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u8fd9\u4efd\u7b03\u5b9a\u3002\u6240\u6709\u65e2\u5b9a\u8f68\u8ff9\u88ab\u5168\u76d8\u6253\u4e71\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u88ab\u786c\u751f\u751f\u5730\u62fd\u5165\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u6761\u5145\u6ee1\u672a\u77e5\u6311\u6218\u7684\u5168\u65b0\u8d5b\u9053\uff0c\u547d\u8fd0\u5c31\u6b64\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u626d\u8f6c\u3002<\/p>\n<section>1984\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u53f8\u6cd5\u90e8\u4f9d\u636e\u300a\u5e0c\u5c14\u66fc\u53cd\u5784\u65ad\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u5982\u624b\u6301\u5229\u5203\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u5c06ATT\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a7\u5bb6\u5730\u533a\u6027\u5c0f\u8d1d\u5c14\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u00a0\u867d\u7136\u8bf4\u201c\u767e\u8db3\u4e4b\u866b\uff0c\u6b7b\u800c\u4e0d\u50f5\u201d\uff0cATT\u88ab\u62c6\u5206\u540e\u4ecd\u6709\u4f59\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u5f80\u6614\u88ab\u5176\u538b\u5236\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b\u4eec\u7eb7\u7eb7\u8d81\u52bf\u53cd\u6251\u3002\u00a01995\u5e74\uff0cATT\u5185\u90e8\u518d\u5ea6\u7ecf\u5386\u5267\u70c8\u9707\u8361\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u8bbe\u5907\u5f00\u53d1\u5236\u9020\u7684\u6717\u8baf\u79d1\u6280\u88ab\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e5f\u88ab\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6717\u8baf\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/section>\n<p class=\"syl-line-pure-english\"><img src=\"https:\/\/q2.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/60db104bad44438fb35b2abe00466b57.jpeg\" \/><\/p>\n<section>\u5931\u53bbATT\u8d22\u529b\u652f\u6301\u540e\uff0c\u00a0\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7814\u53d1\u7ecf\u8d39\u5927\u51cf\uff0c\u9ad8\u77bb\u8fdc\u77a9\u7684\u957f\u671f\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u63a2\u7d22\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u65f6\u5149\u4e0d\u518d\u00a0\u3002\u6717\u8baf\u4ee5\u901a\u4fe1\u8bbe\u5907\u4ea7\u9500\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e1a\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u968f\u4e4b\u8f6c\u5411\u5546\u4e1a\u4ea7\u54c1\u7814\u53d1\uff0c\u5f80\u6614\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6216\u79bb\u5f00\u6216\u8f6c\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0e\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u624d\u5927\u91cf\u6d8c\u5165\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u8d77\u521d\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u8fd8\u80fd\u51ed\u7814\u53d1\u4e3a\u6717\u8baf\u6253\u9020\u6709\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u4ea7\u54c1\u52a9\u5176\u7acb\u8db3\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u4f46\u00a0\u901a\u4fe1\u4e1a\u7ade\u4e89\u52a0\u5267\u540e\u65e5\u6e10\u5403\u529b\u00a0\uff0c\u6700\u4e3a\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u662f\u2014\u2014\u57282G\u54113G\u8fc7\u6e21\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u8fdb\u5ea6\u843d\u540e\u4e8e\u5bf9\u624b\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u00a0\u6717\u8baf\u5931\u52bf\u3001\u8d22\u52a1\u72b6\u51b5\u6c5f\u6cb3\u65e5\u4e0b\u00a0\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u662f\u96ea\u4e0a\u52a0\u971c\uff0c\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u4e1a\u5411\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4e49\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u8f6c\u578b\u65f6\uff0c\u00a0\u56e0\u6280\u672f\u3001\u4eba\u624d\u50a8\u5907\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0e\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u8bba\u00a0\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u8f6c\u578b\u8270\u96be\uff0c\u5149\u8292\u6697\u6de1\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u96be\u4ee5\u7115\u53d1\u5f80\u65e5\u7684\u5149\u5f69\uff0c\u4f46\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u5f80\u6614\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4f9d\u65e7\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5fc3\u4e2d\u5907\u53d7\u5c0a\u656c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u4f0a\u59cb\uff0c\u00a0\u5e74\u8f7b\u535a\u58eb\u4ea8\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u00b7\u820d\u6069\u00a0\uff08Hendrik Schon\uff09\u00a0\u6380\u8d77\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u9020\u5047\u98d3\u98ce\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4eba\u4eec\u7ec8\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u201c\u521b\u65b0\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u201d\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u00a0\u3002<\/section>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/q4.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/374a2cd36768457688ccbbc4efb3d908.jpeg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>2002\u5e74\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u4ea8\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u00b7\u820d\u6069\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u5927\u91cf\u4f2a\u9020\u91cd\u5927\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5176\u80c6\u5927\u5984\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4ee4\u4eba\u548b\u820c\uff0c\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4e11\u95fb\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u5728\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u9020\u5047\u88ab\u8ba4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<section>\u867d\u7136\u66f4\u591a\u4eba\u6beb\u4e0d\u63a9\u9970\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u5bf9\u820d\u6069\u7684\u9119\u5937\u553e\u5f03\u4e4b\u60c5\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u5c06\u5ba1\u89c6\u7684\u76ee\u5149\u6295\u5411\u62c6\u5206\u540e\u00a0\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u5236\u2014\u2014\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u53d1\u8868\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u8bba\u6587\u00a0\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f17\u4eba\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5173\u6ce8\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u65e0\u5f62\u4e4b\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u9a71\u4f7f\u820d\u6069\u76f2\u76ee\u8ffd\u9010\u79d1\u7814\u70ed\u70b9\uff1b\u672c\u5e94\u628a\u5173\u79d1\u7814\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u8bae\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u573a\u95f9\u5267\u4e2d\u6ca6\u4e3a\u6446\u8bbe\u3002\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5728\u8fd9\u8d77\u9020\u5047\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5176\u79ef\u6512\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u58f0\u8a89\u906d\u5230\u91cd\u521b\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/q8.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20250117\/2775107eaf1d45778c79f2ac85055028.jpeg\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u65e7\u5740\u5927\u697c\u5185\u666f<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>2008\u5e74\uff0c\u6717\u8baf\u51fa\u552e\u4e86\u65b0\u6cfd\u897f\u970d\u59c6\u5fb7\u7684\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5927\u697c\uff0c\u66fe\u83b7\u591a\u9879\u8bfa\u5956\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7269\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u5730\u5c31\u6b64\u88ab\u5f03\u3002 \u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u8f6c\u5411\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u65e0\u7ebf\u7535\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7b49\u5177\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u7684\u9886\u57df\u7814\u7a76\u3002 2015\u5e74\u8bfa\u57fa\u4e9a\u6536\u8d2d\u6717\u8baf\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6084\u6084\u843d\u5e55\uff0c\u9000\u51fa\u79d1\u6280\u53f2\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002<\/section>\n<section data-id=\"106318\">\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><strong>5.\u7ed3\u8bed\uff1a<\/strong><strong>\u521b\u65b0\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0d\u706d\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u65b0\u7684\u4f20\u5947<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p>\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u201c\u91cd\u5efa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u201d\u3001\u201c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u6210\u529f\u8981\u7d20\u201d\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4ecd\u4e0d\u7edd\u4e8e\u8033\u3002\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u65e5\u65b0\u6708\u5f02\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u603b\u4f1a\u60c5\u4e0d\u81ea\u7981\u5730\u9677\u5165\u7545\u60f3\uff1a\u00a0\u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u67d0\u65f6\u67d0\u5730\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8bde\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u5982\u540c\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u90a3\u822c\u95ea\u8000\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u673a\u6784\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u8bde\u751f\u7eaa\u5ff5100\u5468\u5e74\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u7981\u9065\u60f3\u767e\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u4eca\u5929\u3002\u5f7c\u65f6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u89c6\u4f5c\u79d1\u7814\u5de8\u64d8\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u6b63\u503c\u9752\u6625\uff0c\u00a0\u4ed6\u4eec\u5fc3\u6000\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u3001\u5bf9\u79d1\u7814\u7684\u70ed\u7231\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u4ee5\u521b\u65b0\u4e4b\u6cd5\u76f4\u51fb\u73b0\u5b9e\u96be\u9898\u7684\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u5e76\u613f\u610f\u4e3a\u4e4b\u53cd\u590d\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u6c42\u7d22\u00a0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e0d\u4ec5\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u6811\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u79d1\u5b66\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u5178\u8303\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4eca\u65e5\u8363\u5149\u7a0d\u9eef\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4f9d\u7136\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u5de8\u5320\u81f4\u4ee5\u6700\u5d07\u9ad8\u7684\u656c\u610f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8877\u5fc3\u671f\u5f85\u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u5bb6\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u627f\u88ad\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u9057\u98ce\uff0c\u5ef6\u7eed\u5b83\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0e\u4f18\u826f\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u8425\u9020\u5f00\u653e\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u8ba9\u90a3\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u6587\u5316\u91cd\u7115\u751f\u673a\uff0c\u7eed\u5199\u79d1\u6280\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u58ee\u4e3d\u7bc7\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u8fdb\u6b65\u5f00\u542f\u8f89\u714c\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5bfc\u8bfb\uff1a \u201c\u805a\u662f\u4e00\u56e2\u706b\uff0c\u6563\u662f\u6ee1\u5929\u661f\u3002\u201d\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u7fa4\u82f1\u835f\u8403\uff0c\u601d\u7ef4\u6fc0\u8361\uff0c\u521b\u65b0\u4e4b\u706b\u71c3\u70e7\u4e0d\u606f\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bde\u751f\u4e863\u4e07\u591a\u9879 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[11],"tags":[8290,15283,15281],"views":346,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50101"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=50101"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50101\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55296,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50101\/revisions\/55296"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=50101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=50101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=50101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}