{"id":50723,"date":"2025-04-10T05:50:10","date_gmt":"2025-04-09T21:50:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=50723"},"modified":"2025-04-10T06:10:25","modified_gmt":"2025-04-09T22:10:25","slug":"%e7%8e%8b%e8%90%8c%e4%b8%a8%e6%8a%97%e6%88%98%e6%97%b6%e6%9c%9f%e6%97%a5%e6%9c%ac%e5%9c%a8%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e6%b2%a6%e9%99%b7%e5%8c%ba%e5%86%85%e7%9a%84%e5%8d%ab%e7%94%9f%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=50723","title":{"rendered":"\u738b\u840c\u4e28\u6297\u6218\u65f6\u671f\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u7684\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u8981\uff1a\u6297\u6218\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5229\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u6269\u5f20\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u534e\u6700\u5927\u7684\u533b\u7597\u536b\u751f\u56e2\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u6218\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5bf9\u534e\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5145\u5f53\u4e86\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6267\u884c\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5404\u5730\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u662f\u5f53\u5730\u65e5\u519b\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff1b\u800c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u65e5\u519b\u7ec6\u83cc\u90e8\u961f\u9632\u75ab\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\uff1b\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5e08\u5728\u201c\u5927\u9646\u533b\u5b66\u201d\u540d\u4e49\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u63d0\u4f9b\u5404\u79cd\u536b\u751f\u60c5\u62a5\u3002\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u5229\u7528\u4ee5\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u672c\u56fd\u533b\u754c\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u83b7\u53d6\u6c11\u5fc3\u3001\u4fdd\u969c\u81ea\u8eab\u536b\u751f\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u6b96\u6c11\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u7efc\u5408\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5efa\u7acb\u4ee5\u65e5\u672c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u536b\u751f\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6297\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u51b5\u6301\u7eed\u6076\u5316\uff0c\u5404\u5730\u75ab\u60c5\u4e0d\u65ad\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u7740\u624b\u5f00\u5c55\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u6218\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u519b\u65b9\u7684\u6863\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u51a0\u4ee5\u201c\u5bf9\u534e\u6587\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u201d\u4e4b\u540d\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u96be\u7a76\u5176\u5b9e\u3002\u53f2\u6599\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6218\u524d\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u534e\u6700\u5927\u7684\u533b\u7597\u536b\u751f\u56e2\u4f53\uff0c\u6df1\u6d89\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u6297\u6218\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5373\u53d7\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u4e4b\u547d\uff0c\u6d3e\u9063\u7531\u533b\u5e08\u4e0e\u7ec6\u83cc\u5b66\u5bb6\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u591a\u652f\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u4e0e\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u524d\u5f80\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\uff0c\u5f00\u5c55\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u4e0e\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6218\u4e8b\u7684\u957f\u671f\u5316\uff0c\u5206\u5e03\u4e8e\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u5404\u5730\u7684\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u536b\u751f\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u53c8\u5bf9\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u51b5\u5c55\u5f00\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5c65\u884c\u8d77\u67d0\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u804c\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u68b3\u7406\u6218\u65f6\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\u65e5\u672c\u5f00\u5c55\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u7ebf\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e2d\u65e5\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0e\u6218\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u534e\u533b\u7597\u536b\u751f\u653f\u7b56\u5b58\u5728\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u8054\u3002\u2460\u7136\u800c\u4ee5\u5f80\u5b66\u754c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u9650\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6218\u65f6\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e2a\u522b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u800c\u672a\u80fd\u5c06\u4e4b\u7f6e\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u534e\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u89c6\u91ce\u4e2d\u52a0\u4ee5\u63a2\u7a76\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u53f2\u5b9e\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e0e\u65e5\u519b\u7ec6\u83cc\u90e8\u961f\u4e4b\u5173\u7cfb\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u672a\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7a76\u7adf\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u600e\u6837\u7684\u89d2\u8272?\u8fd9\u4e00\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48?\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u534e\u536b\u751f\u673a\u6784\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u5b58\u5728\u600e\u6837\u7684\u8054\u7cfb?\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u771f\u76f8\u3002\u53e6\u987b\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u539f\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5e08\u7684\u533b\u7597\u62a5\u544a\u3001\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u9752\u6728\u4e49\u52c7\u6587\u4e66\u300b\u7b49\u8d44\u6599\u2461\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e2a\u4eba\u89c6\u89d2\u8bb0\u8ff0\u6216\u56de\u5fc6\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\u4e0e\u5185\u5e55\uff0c\u4e3a\u672c\u8bfe\u9898\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6267\u884c\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2<\/p>\n

\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1902\u5e74\u65e5\u672c\u201c\u4e9a\u7ec6\u4e9a\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e0b\u7684\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\uff0c\u7531\u4e1c\u4e9a\u540c\u6587\u4f1a\u4e3b\u8981\u5e72\u90e8\u8fd1\u536b\u7b03\u9ebf\u3001\u957f\u5188\u62a4\u7f8e\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u754c\u540d\u58eb\u7247\u5c71\u56fd\u5609\u3001\u5317\u91cc\u67f4\u4e09\u90ce\u7b49\u4eba\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u8d77\uff0c\u957f\u5188\u62a4\u7f8e\u51fa\u4efb\u9996\u4efb\u4f1a\u957f\u3002\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u5373\u786e\u5b9a\u5b97\u65e8\uff0c\u4e43\u201c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4eba\u9053\u4e4b\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6211\u65e5\u8fdb\u4e4b\u533b\u5b66\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5bf9\u6e05\u3001\u97e9\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4e1c\u6d0b\u53cb\u90a6\u8f93\u51fa\u5e76\u666e\u53ca\u533b\u4e8b\u536b\u751f\u4e0a\u4e4b\u4e00\u5207\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e4b\u5e78\u798f\u201d\u3002\u2462\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f9d\u9644\u4e8e\u4e1c\u4e9a\u540c\u6587\u4f1a\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u533b\u7597\u536b\u751f\u56e2\u4f53\uff0c\u7ecf\u8d39\u57fa\u672c\u6765\u81ea\u4f1a\u5458\u7684\u4f1a\u8d39\u4e0e\u6350\u6b3e\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u534e\u533b\u4e8b\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e3a\u6d3e\u9063\u82e5\u5e72\u533b\u5e08\u6765\u534e\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e1c\u5317\u8425\u53e3\u3001\u5b89\u4e1c\u7ecf\u8425\u4e24\u6240\u5c0f\u578b\u533b\u9662(\u540e\u8f6c\u8ba9\u4e8e\u5357\u6ee1\u6d32\u94c1\u9053\u682a\u5f0f\u4f1a\u793e)\u3002\u5728\u5927\u9688\u91cd\u4fe1\u4efb\u4f1a\u957f\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u8c03\u6574\u5bf9\u534e\u65b9\u9488\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5bf9\u534e\u653f\u7b56\u5408\u8f99\u3002\u5927\u9688\u8bf4\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u534e\u7684\u533b\u7597\u6d3b\u52a8\u201c\u5e94\u8c0b\u6c42\u6211\u56fd\u5bf9\u534e\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u4e4b\u88e8\u76ca\u201d\u2463\uff0c\u6545\u800c\u81ea1918\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u8d22\u653f\u4e0a\u5f00\u59cb\u83b7\u5f97\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5e93\u7684\u8865\u52a9\u3002\u81f3\u5185\u7530\u5eb7\u54c9\u3001\u6797\u6743\u52a9\u62c5\u4efb\u4f1a\u957f\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6108\u8d8b\u7d27\u5bc6\uff0c\u51e0\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u201d\u3002\u2464\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5927\u529b\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u534e\u7684\u533b\u7597\u536b\u751f\u4e8b\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc5\u901f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u65e5\u6df1\u30021937\u5e74\u6297\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5176\u6269\u5f20\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u89c1\u4e8e\u4e09\u9014\uff1a<\/p>\n

1.\u7ecf\u8425\u76f4\u5c5e\u533b\u9662\u30021914\u5e74\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u5f00\u529e\u65e5\u534e\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u9662(1927\u5e74\u6539\u540d\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5317\u4eac\u533b\u9662)\uff0c1923\u5e74\u5728\u6c49\u53e3\u5f00\u529e\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6c49\u53e3\u533b\u9662\uff0c1925\u5e74\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u53c8\u4ece\u65e5\u672c\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u63a5\u6536\u4e86\u9752\u5c9b\u4e0e\u6d4e\u5357\u7684\u4e24\u6240\u65e5\u8d44\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u6539\u540d\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u9752\u5c9b\u533b\u9662\u4e0e\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6d4e\u5357\u533b\u9662\u3002\u81f3\u6297\u6218\u524d\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5df2\u5728\u534e\u7ecf\u84254\u6240\u76f4\u5c5e\u533b\u9662\u3002\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u7ecf\u8425\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533b\u9662\u65f6\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u82f1\u7f8e\u533b\u9662\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5317\u4eac\u533b\u9662\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6d1b\u514b\u83f2\u52d2\u8d22\u56e2\u8d44\u52a9\u7684\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u4e3a\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b\uff1b\u5bf9\u6c49\u53e3\u533b\u9662\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\uff0c\u5219\u52a1\u6c42\u201c\u5916\u89c2\u4e0e\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdc\u8d85\u957f\u6c5f\u6d41\u57df\u4ed6\u56fd\u533b\u7597\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u800c\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u626c\u7709\u5410\u6c14\u201d\u3002\u2465\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5bf9\u56db\u5730\u533b\u9662\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\uff0c\u53d7\u4e2d\u56fd\u65f6\u5c40\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5f88\u5927\uff0c1931\u5e74\u4e5d\u4e00\u516b\u4e8b\u53d8\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u4e3e\u56fd\u6380\u8d77\u6297\u65e5\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u56db\u5730\u533b\u9662\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u5927\u5e45\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u533b\u9662\u6536\u5165\u968f\u4e4b\u5267\u51cf\uff0c\u7ecf\u8425\u4e00\u5ea6\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u2466<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u672c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6d4e\u5357\u533b\u9662<\/p>\n

2.\u6d3e\u9063\u5de1\u56de\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u30021930\u5e74\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6c49\u53e3\u533b\u9662\u66fe\u6d3e\u9063\u5de1\u56de\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u524d\u5f80\u5b9c\u660c\u3001\u6c99\u5e02\u3001\u4e5d\u6c5f\u7b49\u5730\uff0c\u663c\u95f4\u4e8e\u8857\u5934\u5bf9\u6c11\u4f17\u884c\u533b\uff0c\u591c\u95f4\u653e\u6620\u5ba3\u4f20\u536b\u751f\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u7535\u5f71\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u5f53\u5730\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6253\u5f00\u4e5d\u4e00\u516b\u4e8b\u53d8\u540e\u7684\u56f0\u5c40\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u534e\u533b\u9662\u5438\u53d6\u6b64\u524d\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e8e1936\u5e74\u5b9e\u884c\u5de1\u56de\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u2467\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u9662\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u5de1\u56de\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u591a\u4e3a\u533b\u7597\u6761\u4ef6\u6076\u52a3\u7684\u5185\u9646\u8179\u5730\uff0c\u5982\u5f53\u5e745\u6708\u5317\u4eac\u533b\u9662\u6d3e\u9063\u4e4b\u5de1\u56de\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u65e5\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u5180\u4e1c\u901a\u3001\u84df\u3001\u7389\u7530\u3001\u9075\u5316\u3001\u4e30\u6da6\u7b49\u5730\uff1b10\u6708\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6d4e\u5357\u533b\u9662\u6d3e\u9063\u4e4b\u5de1\u56de\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u9f50\u6cb3\u3001\u5468\u6751\u3001\u660e\u6c34\u3001\u7ae0\u4e18\u7b49\u5730\uff1b11\u6708\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u9752\u5c9b\u533b\u9662\u6d3e\u9063\u7684\u5de1\u56de\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u80f6\u53bf\u3001\u9ad8\u5bc6\u3001\u574a\u5b50\u3001\u76ca\u90fd\u7b49\u5730\u3002\u2468\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5e08\u643a\u5e26\u81c2\u7ae0\uff0c\u6d3b\u8dc3\u4e8e\u6cb3\u5317\u3001\u5c71\u4e1c\u4e61\u91ce\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u7aed\u529b\u5ba3\u4f20\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5b66\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u534e\u5317\u4e8b\u53d8\u4e0b\u7279\u6709\u7684\u666f\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u9752\u5c9b\u533b\u5b66\u6821<\/p>\n

3.\u51fa\u7248\u533b\u836f\u7c7b\u4e66\u520a\u30021927\u5e74\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u201c\u534e\u6587\u533b\u836f\u5b66\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\u4f1a\u201d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4ece\u4e8b\u65e5\u4e66\u4e2d\u8bd1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5bb6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u897f\u6210\u752b\u300a\u7cbe\u9009\u89e3\u5256\u5b66\u300b\u3001\u6797\u6625\u96c4\u300a\u75c5\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u7b49\uff0c\u7ecf\u7531\u6c64\u5c14\u548c\u7b49\u4eba\u8bd1\u4ecb\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u754c\u7684\u6b22\u8fce\u4e0e\u91cd\u89c6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e5f\u51fa\u7248\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u8005\u5982\u9676\u70c8\u3001\u6c88\u606d\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u3002\u636e\u9ec4\u798f\u5e86\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u6218\u524d\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u533b\u5b66\u8457\u4f5c\u8fbe44\u79cd\u4e4b\u591a\u3002\u24691930\u5e74\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u53c8\u6210\u7acb\u8c03\u67e5\u90e8\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u8c03\u67e5\u4e2d\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u7684\u533b\u7597\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8fd8\u5229\u7528\u4e3e\u529e\u4e2d\u65e5\u533b\u5e08\u8bb2\u4e60\u4f1a\u3001\u5956\u52b1\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u751f\u8d74\u65e5\u7559\u5b66\u7b49\u5f62\u5f0f\u6269\u5927\u5728\u534e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6297\u6218\u524d\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u534e\u6700\u5927\u7684\u533b\u7597\u536b\u751f\u56e2\u4f53\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u5e76\u975e\u6ca1\u6709\u9650\u754c\uff0c\u5176\u957f\u671f\u8c0b\u6c42\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u5efa\u7acb\u76f4\u5c5e\u533b\u9662\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u7ec8\u56e0\u81ea\u8eab\u8d22\u529b\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u800c\u6d41\u4ea7\u3002\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6e17\u900f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f15\u8d77\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u754c\u7684\u8b66\u60d5\u4e0e\u53cd\u5bf9\u30021931-1932\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u300a\u533b\u836f\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u5c31\u66fe\u53d1\u8868\u6570\u7bc7\u8bc4\u8bba\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u534e\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u4e8e\u523a\u63a2\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u653f\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u5bf9\u534e\u5f00\u5c55\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u7684\u4fb5\u7565\u3002(11)<\/p>\n

1937\u5e747\u6708\u6297\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u5e73\u6d25\u6ca6\u9677\u30028\u67085\u65e5\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e1c\u4eac\u603b\u90e8\u7279\u5411\u5317\u4eac\u533b\u9662\u53d1\u7535\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u5176\u201c\u5e94\u6309\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6551\u62a4\u73ed\uff0c\u4ee5\u672c\u4f1a\u4e4b\u7cbe\u795e\u91c7\u53d6\u6551\u6cbb\u4f24\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u4e4b\u884c\u52a8\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u6c49\u53e3\u3001\u9752\u5c9b\u3001\u6d4e\u5357\u7b49\u4e09\u5730\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u5219\u6309\u5f53\u5730\u65e5\u672c\u4f7f\u9986\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5c06\u533b\u62a4\u4eba\u5458\u5148\u884c\u64a4\u56de\u81f3\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5185\u3002(12)\u5728\u603b\u90e8\u7684\u6307\u793a\u4e0b\uff0c10-11\u6708\u95f4\u5317\u4eac\u533b\u9662\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6570\u652f\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u65e5\u519b\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u73ed\u201d\u4e8e\u57ce\u5185\u6551\u6cbb\u4e2d\u65e5\u4f24\u60a3\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ea64500\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u514d\u8d39\u6cbb\u7597\u3002(13)\u6dde\u6caa\u4f1a\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u970d\u4e71\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u75ab\u60c5\u6d41\u5165\u5e73\u6d25\uff0c\u5728\u534e\u5317\u6d3e\u9063\u519b\u519b\u533b\u90e8\u7684\u6388\u610f\u4e0b\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5317\u4eac\u533b\u9662\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e02\u5185\u5404\u8f66\u7ad9\u4e0e\u57ce\u95e8\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u75ab\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u65e5\u519b\u534f\u52a9\u4e0b\u5168\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u7591\u4f3c\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ea620\u4e07\u5317\u5e73\u6c11\u4f17\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5f3a\u5236\u9884\u9632\u6ce8\u5c04\u3002(14)\u6297\u6218\u521d\u671f\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5317\u4eac\u533b\u9662\u7684\u8bca\u7597\u53ca\u9632\u75ab\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u53c2\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u534e\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5148\u58f0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u6218\u4e8b\u7684\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u534e\u5317\u4e0e\u534e\u4e2d\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u539f\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u63a7\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u536b\u751f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6240\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u7b49\u5404\u7ea7\u536b\u751f\u9632\u75ab\u673a\u6784\u5747\u544a\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u516c\u79c1\u533b\u9662\u6216\u5185\u8fc1\u6216\u505c\u4e1a\uff0c\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u4f53\u7cfb\u9677\u5165\u762b\u75ea\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\u6d41\u79bb\u5931\u6240\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u75ab\u75c5\u6e10\u6709\u8513\u5ef6\u4e4b\u52bf\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u60c5\u52bf\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u5f00\u59cb\u7740\u624b\u4ee5\u8bca\u7597\u9632\u75ab\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u5bf9\u534e\u6587\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u7684\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u9010\u6e10\u62c9\u5f00\u5e8f\u5e55\u3002<\/p>\n

1937\u5e749\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u5bc6\u4ee4\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u3001\u5927\u962a\u5e1d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5e08\u56e2\u7b49\u6570\u4e2a\u56e2\u4f53\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u6d3e\u9063\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u524d\u5f80\u534e\u5317\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u5f53\u5730\u65e5\u519b\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u73ed\u201d\u5f00\u5c55\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u533b\u7597\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u7531\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u4e0b\u5c5e\u7684\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u73ed\u201d\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u533b\u7597\u8d44\u6e90\u5bf9\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u8fdb\u884c\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u611f\u6155\u201c\u7687\u519b\u4e4b\u5fb7\u5316\u201d\u3002(15)9\u670821\u65e5\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5236\u5b9a\u300a\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u6551\u62a4\u73ed\u6d3e\u9063\u4e2d\u56fd\u8ba1\u5212\u4e4b\u7eb2\u8981\u300b\uff0c\u5c06\u5df2\u64a4\u81f3\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u539f\u6c49\u53e3\u3001\u9752\u5c9b\u3001\u6d4e\u5357\u533b\u9662\u533b\u52a1\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u5404\u7f16\u4e00\u73ed\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u6d3e\u9063\u6765\u534e\u3002(16)\u76f8\u8f83\u5176\u4ed6\u533b\u7597\u56e2\u4f53\uff0c\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u5bf9\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u62b1\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u201c\u503c\u6b64\u4e8b\u53d8\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6211\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5e94\u4f7f\u6d3e\u5f80\u5404\u5730\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u4e4b\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u5f97\u5230\u4e2d\u5916\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u8c05\u89e3\u201d\u3002(17)\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5bf9\u53c2\u4e0e\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6001\u5ea6\u79ef\u6781\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u6d3e\u9063\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u4e5f\u5728\u7d27\u9523\u5bc6\u9f13\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\u30021937\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u9a7b\u5916\u4f7f\u9986\u83b7\u5f97\u56fd\u9645\u8054\u76df\u5373\u5c06\u6d3e\u9063\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u6765\u534e\u7684\u60c5\u62a5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u8b66\u60d5\u3002(18)\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u9274\u4e8e\u534e\u5317\u5404\u5730\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0d\u826f\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u8bbe\u65bd\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u9664\u8bca\u7597\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u7740\u624b\u9632\u75ab\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4e4b\u5fc5\u8981\u201d\u3002(19)\u8003\u8651\u533b\u7597\u8d44\u6e90\u6574\u5408\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ecd\u7531\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u5bf9\u534e\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53(20)\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5185\u6210\u7acb\u201c\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u534e\u9632\u75ab\u4e8b\u4e1a\u90e8\u201d\u3002\u5728\u8d22\u653f\u4e0a\uff0c\u9664\u56fd\u5e93\u8865\u52a9\u5916\uff0c\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u53e6\u7ed9\u4e88\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u72ec\u7acb\u9884\u7b97\u4e4b\u6743\u5229\u3002(21)\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u8fd8\u5bc6\u4ee4\u4e1c\u4eac\u5e1d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u5bab\u5ddd\u7c73\u6b21\u7b49\u4eba\u524d\u5f80\u534e\u5317\u8c03\u67e5\u5f53\u5730\u75ab\u60c5\u3002\u5bab\u5ddd\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u7ecf\u7531\u4f2a\u6ee1\u8fdb\u5165\u534e\u5317\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u4e0e\u5173\u4e1c\u519b\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8(\u5373731\u90e8\u961f)\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u5c31\u672a\u6765\u201c\u534e\u5317\u536b\u751f\u5f00\u53d1\u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5bc6\u8c08\uff0c\u5728\u534e\u5317\u7684\u5b9e\u5730\u8c03\u67e5\u4e2d\u53c8\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u534e\u5317\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u5b98\u5bfa\u5185\u5bff\u4e00\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5bab\u5ddd\u56de\u56fd\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u51fa\u4efb\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u526f\u4f1a\u957f\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u8054\u7edc\u65e5\u672c\u5404\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u7b56\u5212\u5bf9\u534e\u9632\u75ab\u4e1a\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u5bf9\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u6218\u65f6\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u5145\u6ee1\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u56e0\u5176\u62e5\u6709\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u533b\u7597\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5728\u534e\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u8fd8\u56e0\u5176\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u5904\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u5927\u9646\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e00\u7aef\uff0c\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u56fd\u7b56\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5c31\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u5185\u5bb9\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fd8\u662f\u9632\u75ab\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u65e5\u540e\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u90fd\u987b\u5f97\u5230\u672c\u56fd\u533b\u754c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u5f00\u6218\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u754c\uff0c\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u201c\u533b\u5b66\u62a5\u56fd\u201d\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u533b\u5e08\u89c6\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u534e\u201c\u536b\u751f\u5f00\u53d1\u201d\u7684\u5148\u950b\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e73\u53f0\u6765\u534e\u4e00\u663e\u8eab\u624b\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5e08\u4f1a\u673a\u5173\u62a5\u300a\u533b\u6d77\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u5c31\u79f0\uff0c\u201c(\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a)\u6b64\u6b21\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4e4b\u5b97\u65e8\uff0c\u4e43\u5e7f\u62db\u5929\u4e0b\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u5730\u4ece\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u4e3a\u65e5\u540e\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4f5c\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u201d\u3002(22)\u5bc4\u6258\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u4e0e\u4e1a\u754c\u53cc\u91cd\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u534e\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u63a7\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c<\/p>\n

1937\u5e7410\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u7ee7\u5e73\u6d25\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b9a\u3001\u77f3\u5bb6\u5e84\u3001\u6ca7\u5dde\u3001\u5fb7\u5dde\u7b49\u534e\u5317\u5404\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u76f8\u7ee7\u9677\u843d\u3002\u5728\u6d3e\u9063\u5730\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e0a\uff0c\u534e\u5317\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e73\u6d25\u7b49\u5730\u533b\u7597\u6761\u4ef6\u76f8\u5bf9\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u591a\u5c11\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u6545\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5e94\u5148\u6d3e\u5f80\u4fdd\u5b9a\u3001\u5927\u540c\u7b49\u524d\u7ebf\u5730\u5e26\u3002(23)<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u539f\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6c49\u53e3\u3001\u9752\u5c9b\u3001\u6d4e\u5357\u533b\u9662\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c10\u67087\u65e5\u4ece\u5927\u962a\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u5929\u6d25\u3002\u5728\u62b5\u8fbe\u5f53\u5730\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u534e\u5317\u65e5\u519b\u5373\u51fa\u53f0\u300a\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u6551\u62a4\u73ed\u52e4\u52a1\u8981\u9886\u300b\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u201c\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5728\u4ece\u4e8b\u6211\u519b\u6218\u5730\u540e\u65b9\u65bd\u7597\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5728\u6211\u519b\u6307\u6325\u4e0b\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u5ba3\u629a\u73ed\u65bd\u5c55\u6211\u56fd\u533b\u672f\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u5b89\u5b9a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3b\u8981\u4ece\u4e8b\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u8bca\u7597\u5de5\u4f5c\u201d\u3002(24)\u534e\u5317\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u7531\u6b64\u8981\u6c42\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5e94\u5148\u4e3a\u65e5\u519b\u4f24\u60a3\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e13\u52a1\u7406\u4e8b\u5c0f\u91ce\u5f97\u4e00\u90ce\u867d\u7136\u8ba4\u4e3a\u533b\u6cbb\u65e5\u519b\u4f24\u5175\u5e76\u975e\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u6765\u534e\u4e4b\u4f7f\u547d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u59d4\u5a49\u5730\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5c06\u4e8e\u89c6\u5bdf\u524d\u7ebf\u4e4b\u540e\u89c6\u519b\u533b\u4eba\u624b\u60c5\u51b5\u518d\u4f5c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5546\u8bae\u3002(25)<\/p>\n

\u6218\u521d\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u4e0a\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u5bf9\u5176\u4e4b\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5b58\u5728\u9f83\u9f89\u3002\u5728\u7406\u4e8b\u5c0f\u91ce\u5f97\u4e00\u90ce\u7b49\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u9ad8\u5c42\u5e72\u90e8\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u65e5\u519b\u519b\u533b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u9996\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4f17\u8fdb\u884c\u533b\u7597\u6551\u6cbb\u3002\u800c\u5728\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5ba3\u4f20\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5728\u6218\u5730\u519b\u533b\u77ed\u7f3a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5e08\u7406\u5e94\u9996\u5148\u4e3a\u65e5\u519b\u4e0e\u65e5\u4fa8\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u9ad8\u5c42\u5c31\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u5f53\u5730\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u63f4\u52a9\uff0c\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f00\u5c55\u3002\u5c0f\u91ce\u5f97\u4e00\u90ce\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u968f\u5373\u8f6f\u5316\uff1a\u201c\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u62a4\u58eb\u7a7a\u95f2\u5f85\u673a\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u4e4b\u4e34\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u5317\u4eac\u5175\u7ad9\u533b\u9662\u53ca\u4e30\u53f0\u91ce\u6218\u533b\u9662\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u5411\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u8868\u793a\u4e86\u59a5\u534f\u3002(26)\u6b64\u540e\u4e09\u4e2a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u7684\u6307\u6325\u4e0b\u5f90\u5f90\u5c55\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u539f\u6c49\u53e3\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u9662\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u6c49\u53e3\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c\u5148\u53d7\u534e\u5317\u65e5\u519b\u7532\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u4e4b\u547d\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u6ca7\u5dde\u4e0e\u5fb7\u5dde\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u533b\u5e08\u7684\u8bca\u7597\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u8be5\u73ed\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u5f00\u5c55\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5982\u5916\u79d1\u533b\u5e08\u591a\u80e1\u6a3d\u7950\u5728\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u79f0\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6218\u65f6\u7279\u6709\u4e4b\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u6765\u8bbf\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u53d7\u5916\u4f24\u8005\u6781\u591a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u77e5\u8bc6\u9636\u5c42\u6781\u5c11\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u4e3a\u52b3\u5de5\u6216\u96be\u6c11\uff0c\u800c\u60a3\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u5c06\u4e0d\u6d01\u4e4b\u6c11\u95f4\u836f\u7269\u8d34\u4e8e\u5916\u4f24\u521b\u53e3\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6076\u75be\u7eed\u53d1\u3002(27)\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u57fa\u672c\u536b\u751f\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u6c11\u4f17\u30021938\u5e7410\u670825\u65e5\u6c49\u53e3\u6ca6\u9677\uff0c\u6c49\u53e3\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u53d7\u65e5\u519b\u4e4b\u547d\u56de\u5f52\u5f53\u5730\uff0c\u56e0\u539f\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6c49\u53e3\u533b\u9662\u5df2\u6bc1\u4e8e\u6218\u706b\uff0c\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u610f\u9009\u5b9a\u6cd5\u79df\u754c\u5185\u539f\u5e73\u6c49\u94c1\u8def\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\u4e3a\u65b0\u8bca\u6240\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5229\u7528\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u79df\u754c\u5185\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u65bd\u52a0\u5f71\u54cd\u3002(28)\u636e\u8be5\u73ed1939\u5e741\u6708\u300a\u4e1a\u52a1\u62a5\u544a\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u8be5\u73ed\u9664\u4e00\u822c\u4e1a\u52a1\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u5987\u4ea7\u79d1\u987b\u201c\u5bf9\u6211\u56fd\u4ece\u4e8b\u63a5\u5ba2\u4e1a\u7684\u5987\u4eba\u5b9e\u65bd\u68c0\u6885\u5de5\u4f5c\u201d\u3002(29)\u7531\u4e8e\u6218\u521d\u65e5\u4fa8\u57fa\u672c\u64a4\u51fa\u6c49\u53e3\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u65e5\u4eba\u63a5\u5ba2\u4e1a\u8005\u201d\uff0c\u5e94\u662f\u6307\u968f\u519b\u6765\u6c49\u53e3\u7684\u6170\u5b89\u5987\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u6170\u5b89\u5987\u8fdb\u884c\u5987\u79d1\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u539f\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6d4e\u5357\u533b\u9662\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u6d4e\u5357\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u90e8\u3002\u4ee5\u73ed\u957f\u5916\u7530\u9e9f\u9020\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u672c\u73ed\u5954\u8d74\u77f3\u5bb6\u5e84\uff0c\u6c34\u91ce\u91cd\u5149\u4e3a\u73ed\u957f\u7684\u5206\u73ed\u5219\u524d\u5f80\u4fdd\u5b9a\u3002\u6218\u540e\u7684\u77f3\u5bb6\u5e84\uff0c\u5728\u5916\u7530\u9e9f\u9020\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u201c\u6218\u7978\u75d5\u8ff9\u4f9d\u7136\uff0c\u6cbb\u5b89\u4e5f\u672a\u5b9a\uff0c\u8857\u5934\u5e02\u6c11\u6beb\u65e0\u5f71\u8e2a\uff0c\u5e97\u94fa\u7d27\u95ed\uff0c\u6e05\u6668\u591a\u80fd\u542c\u5230\u67aa\u58f0\uff0c\u6709\u8eab\u4e34\u524d\u7ebf\u4e4b\u611f\u201d\u3002\u81f31938\u5e74\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u96be\u6c11\u5f00\u59cb\u56de\u5f52\uff0c\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f00\u59cb\u53d8\u5f97\u7e41\u5fd9\uff0c\u201c\u9664\u666e\u901a\u60a3\u8005\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4ea6\u4ece\u4e8b\u5bf9\u7279\u6b8a\u5987\u4eba\u7684\u68c0\u6885\u6cbb\u7597\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u77f3\u5bb6\u5e84\u5171\u6709500\u540d\u7279\u6b8a\u5987\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d25\uff05\u5de6\u53f3\u5fc5\u987b\u7acb\u5373\u63a5\u53d7\u6cbb\u7597\u201d\u3002(30)\u5728\u4fdd\u5b9a\u7684\u6c34\u91ce\u5206\u73ed\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u677f\u57a3\u5175\u56e2\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u7684\u7279\u522b\u59d4\u6258\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6027\u670d\u52a1\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u6885\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002(31)\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\uff0c\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6170\u5b89\u5987\u7684\u52a0\u6025\u68c0\u6885\u4e0e\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u65e5\u519b\u5bf9\u6027\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6025\u5207\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u6817\u672c\u5b9a\u6cbb\u90ce\u4e3a\u73ed\u957f\u7684\u9752\u5c9b\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c1937\u5e7410\u6708\u53d7\u534e\u5317\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u4e4b\u547d\uff0c\u4e8e\u5317\u4eac\u90ca\u5916\u987a\u4e49\u6e29\u6cc9\u6751\u5f00\u529e\u4e34\u65f6\u8bca\u7597\u6240\u3002\u636e\u6817\u672c\u5b9a\u6cbb\u90ce\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5e08\u9887\u4e3a\u754f\u60e7\uff0c\u95ee\u8bca\u8005\u6781\u5c11\uff0c\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5229\u7528\u5f53\u5730\u4f2a\u6cbb\u5b89\u7ef4\u6301\u4f1a\u3001\u81ea\u536b\u56e2\u7b49\u5080\u5121\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53cd\u590d\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u65b9\u4f7f\u6c11\u4f17\u6562\u4e8e\u524d\u6765\u95ee\u8bca\u3002\u8be5\u73ed\u4e0d\u4e45\u5954\u8d74\u592a\u539f\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u56de\u5230\u9752\u5c9b\u3002\u5728\u8f97\u8f6c\u5927\u534a\u4e2a\u534e\u5317\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6817\u672c\u611f\u6168\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d1f\u8d23\u6211\u65b9\u5ba3\u629a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5f53\u521d\u5373\u6709\u633a\u8eab\u800c\u51fa\u4e4b\u89c9\u609f\u3002\u968f\u7740\u79e9\u5e8f\u9010\u6b65\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u7406\u5e94\u6574\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f20\u64ad\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u547d\u201d\u3002(32)\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5e08\u5982\u6817\u672c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u201c\u771f\u6b63\u4ef7\u503c\u201d\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5185\u5fc3\u6709\u6240\u5931\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6218\u521d\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c\u7d27\u968f\u65e5\u519b\u4fb5\u7565\u534e\u5317\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\u800c\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u5904\u4e8e\u65e5\u519b\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ebf\u3002\u6218\u524d\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6c49\u53e3\u3001\u9752\u5c9b\u3001\u6d4e\u5357\u533b\u9662\u90fd\u6709\u8fc7\u5de1\u56de\u8bca\u7597\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u533b\u5e08\u5bf9\u519c\u6751\u533b\u7597\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5f00\u5c55\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\u3002\u4ece\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6d3e\u9063\u671f\u95f4\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u76f8\u5f53\u7e41\u91cd\uff0c\u6c49\u53e3\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5de5\u4f5c750\u5929\uff0c\u8bca\u7597\u60a3\u8005234432\u4eba\uff1b\u6d4e\u5357\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5de5\u4f5c791\u5929\uff0c\u8bca\u7597\u60a3\u8005270910\u4eba\uff1b\u9752\u5c9b\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5de5\u4f5c930\u5929\uff0c\u8bca\u7597\u60a3\u8005162203\u4eba\u3002(33)\u5728\u4e0d\u5c11\u533b\u5e08\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u5e0c\u671b\u519b\u65b9\u5141\u5176\u56de\u5f52\u539f\u5c5e\u533b\u9662\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4e09\u4e2a\u539f\u533b\u9662\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u56de\u5f52\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba3\u544a\u843d\u5e55\u3002<\/p>\n

1937\u5e7412\u670813\u65e5\u5357\u4eac\u6ca6\u9677\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u963b\u6b62\u65e5\u519b\u5728\u534e\u4e2d\u7684\u653b\u4f10\u3002\u4e0e\u534e\u5317\u7684\u60c5\u52bf\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u534e\u4e2d\u662f\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5730\u5e26\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u82f1\u7f8e\u7b49\u56fd\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e4b\u6240\u5728\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7c89\u9970\u65e5\u672c\u53d1\u52a8\u4fb5\u7565\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u91ce\u5fc3\uff0c\u63a9\u9970\u65e5\u519b\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u7b49\u5730\u72af\u4e0b\u7684\u66b4\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u82f1\u7f8e\u533b\u7597\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5c55\u5f00\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u51b3\u5b9a\u5f00\u5c55\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5411\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5357\u4eac\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u3001\u592a\u539f\u3001\u77f3\u5bb6\u5e84\u7b49\u5730\u6d3e\u51fa\u4ee5\u5404\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u90e8\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u56db\u652f\u65b0\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e24\u652f\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5\u4e1c\u4eac\u5e1d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u90e8\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u5357\u4eac\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u4e0e\u4ee5\u5e86\u5e94\u4e49\u587e\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u90e8\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u5bf9\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5357\u4eac\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u6d3e\u9063\u5de5\u4f5c\u6781\u4e3a\u5173\u5fc3\u3002\u9a7b\u4e0a\u6d77\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u5188\u672c\u5b63\u6b63\u5728\u5411\u5916\u52a1\u5927\u81e3\u5e7f\u7530\u5f18\u6bc5\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u79f0\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u6765\u81ea\u82f1\u7f8e\u7b49\u56fd\u536b\u751f\u673a\u6784\u7684\u963b\u529b\uff0c\u201c\u5916\u4eba\u6000\u62b1\u675e\u4eba\u5fe7\u5929\u4e4b\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u624b\u63a8\u52a8\u6b64\u9879\u4e8b\u4e1a\u2026\u2026(\u5916\u52a1\u7701)\u6587\u5316\u4e8b\u4e1a\u90e8\u5e94\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7531\u6211\u65b9\u6743\u5a01\u533b\u5e08\u5e26\u9886\u7684\u6d3e\u9063\u73ed\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u7d27\u6025\u63aa\u65bd\u201d\u3002(34)\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u5f53\u5730\uff0c\u867d\u71361938\u5e742\u670818\u65e5\u5b89\u5168\u533a\u56fd\u9645\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5df2\u505c\u6b62\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u6b27\u7f8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5bf9\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u6551\u52a9\u6d3b\u52a8\u5e76\u672a\u505c\u6b62(35)\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u7f8e\u8d44\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u9f13\u697c\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u5bf9\u5357\u4eac\u6c11\u4f17\u591a\u65bd\u6551\u52a9\uff0c\u201c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u533b\u7597\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u201d\u3002(36)<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1938\u5e743\u6708\u7684\u5357\u4eac\uff0c\u4ecd\u7b3c\u7f69\u4e8e\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u540e\u7684\u6050\u6016\u6c14\u6c1b\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0a\u4efb\u4e0d\u4e45\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u9a7b\u5357\u4eac\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u82b1\u8f6e\u4e49\u656c\u6df1\u611f\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e43\u7b2c\u4e00\u8981\u52a1\u3002(37)\u5728\u82b1\u8f6e\u7684\u50ac\u4fc3\u4e0b\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5357\u4eac\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u4e8e1938\u5e744\u670828\u65e5\u5ba3\u5e03\u5f00\u8bca\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5438\u5f15\u6c11\u4f17\u524d\u6765\uff0c\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7279\u522b\u89c4\u5b9a\u4ec5\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u60a3\u8005\u6536\u53d6\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u60a3\u8005\u5b8c\u5168\u514d\u8d39\uff0c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u56e0\u6218\u706b\u800c\u5bb6\u8d22\u5c3d\u5931\u7684\u96be\u6c11\uff0c\u7eb7\u7eb7\u524d\u5f80\u6c42\u8bca\u3002\u4e3a\u4e0e\u9f13\u697c\u533b\u9662\u5bf9\u6297\uff0c\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u63d0\u51fa\u5f00\u529e\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5357\u4eac\u533b\u9662\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u201c\u672c\u5730\u7f8e\u8d44\u9f13\u697c\u533b\u9662\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u4e2d\u56fd\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u5524\u8d77\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u6b27\u7f8e\u7684\u5d07\u62dc\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u6211\u65b9\u5ba3\u629a\u5de5\u4f5c\u82e5\u8981\u987a\u5229\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6709\u80fd\u4e0e\u9f13\u697c\u533b\u9662\u5bf9\u6297\u751a\u81f3\u51cc\u9a7e\u5176\u4e0a\u7684\u533b\u7597\u8bbe\u65bd\u201d\u3002(38)\u7531\u4e8e\u5357\u4eac\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u4e0e\u9f13\u697c\u533b\u9662\u5c55\u5f00\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u81f31938\u5e748\u6708\u65f6\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u5df2\u521d\u89c1\u6210\u6548\u3002\u82b1\u8f6e\u4e49\u656c\u79f0\u8d5e\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u6240\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u6210\u7ee9\uff0c\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u60a3\u8005\u4e00\u65e5\u5df2\u8d85\u8fc7600\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7ecf\u8425\u9f13\u697c\u533b\u9662\u6bcf\u65e5\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ec5\u4e09\u56db\u5341\u4eba\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u7597\u673a\u5173\u5df2\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u201d\u3002(39)<\/p>\n

\u5357\u4eac\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ece\u73ed\u957f\u5188\u5d0e\u7957\u5bb9\u5411\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u7aa5\u7aef\u502a\u3002\u6218\u540e\u7684\u5357\u4eac\uff0c\u201c\u5728\u5916\u79d1\u4e0a\u53ef\u89c1\u76f8\u5f53\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u521b\u4f24\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u5df2\u653e\u7f6e\u4e86\u516d\u4e2a\u6708\u4e43\u81f3\u4e00\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a\u201d\uff1b\u201c5\u6708\u7684\u5357\u4eac\uff0c\u6c99\u773c\u662f\u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u76ae\u80a4\u79d1\u7684\u75a5\u7663\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u662f\u5185\u79d1\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u547c\u5438\u75c5\uff0c\u80ba\u7ed3\u6838\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u76f8\u5f53\u4e25\u91cd\u201d\u3002(40)\u5188\u5d0e\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u53cd\u590d\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e01\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u75be\u60a3\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u201c\u536b\u751f\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u8d2b\u4e4f\u4e0e\u533b\u7597\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5947\u7f3a\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee4\u5188\u5d0e\u7b49\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5e08\u6700\u4e3a\u62c5\u5fe7\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4f17\u51c4\u60e8\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u524d\u6765\u95ee\u8bca\u7684\u4e2d\u65e5\u5987\u5973\u60a3\u6027\u75c5\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e4b\u9ad8\uff0c\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5987\u5973\u4e2d\u60a3\u6dcb\u75c5\u3001\u6885\u6bd2\u8005\u6781\u591a\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u53e4\u4e91\u2018\u6218\u4e89\u662f\u6027\u75c5\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u2019\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8ba4\u5b9a\u5176\u4e0e\u4e8b\u53d8\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u2026\u2026\u65e5\u672c\u5987\u5973\u7684\u4e95\u51fa\u6c0f\u53cd\u5e94(\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u7528\u4ee5\u68c0\u9a8c\u662f\u5426\u611f\u67d3\u6885\u6bd2\u2014\u2014\u7b14\u8005\u6ce8)\u3001\u6dcb\u75c5\u68c0\u6d4b\u9633\u6027\u7387\u4ea6\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u8fd9\u867d\u662f\u5979\u4eec\u4ece\u4e8b\u7279\u6b8a\u804c\u4e1a\u7684\u7f18\u6545\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u5173\u7cfb\u5230\u51fa\u5f81\u5c06\u58eb\u536b\u751f\u5b89\u5168\u4e43\u81f3\u4e8b\u53d8\u540e\u6211\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u75db\u611f\u4ece\u4e8b\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5987\u4ea7\u79d1\u8d23\u4efb\u91cd\u5927\u201d\u3002(41)<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u8f83\u5357\u4eac\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u66f4\u4e3a\u5173\u6ce8\u4e0a\u6d77\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5f71\u54cd\u30021938\u5e745\u67088\u65e5\u4e0a\u6d77\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u62b5\u8fbe\u540e\uff0c\u65e5\u519b\u534e\u4e2d\u6d3e\u9063\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\u5373\u6307\u793a\u8be5\u73ed\uff1a\u201c\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e43\u6b27\u7f8e\u5404\u8272\u8bca\u7597\u673a\u5173\u6797\u7acb\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u4e4b\u4e3a\u4f0d\u7684\u6211\u56fd\u8bca\u7597\u673a\u5173\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u6811\u7acb\u6211\u519b\u6148\u5584\u533b\u9662\u4e4b\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5c55\u73b0\u6211\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u5353\u8d8a\u4e4b\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u201d(42)\u6dde\u6caa\u4f1a\u6218\u4e2d\u6bc1\u4e8e\u6218\u706b\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u5357\u5e02\uff0c\u662f\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u5de5\u4f5c\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u533b\u5e08\u4eec\u79ef\u6781\u5f00\u5c55\u8857\u5934\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u4e0e\u5de5\u90e8\u5c40\u3001\u516c\u8463\u5c40\u4e0b\u5c5e\u533b\u9662\u4e89\u593a\u6c11\u5fc3\u3002(43)7\u6708\u540e\u95ee\u8bca\u4eba\u6570\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u907f\u96be\u4e8e\u79df\u754c\u5185\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u9646\u7eed\u524d\u6765\u95ee\u8bca\uff0c\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e00\u5ea6\u6781\u5176\u7e41\u5fd9\u3002(44)\u4e0a\u6d77\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5728\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5404\u5730\u7684\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u8425\u6bd4\u8f83\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u636e\u6218\u540e\u8be5\u73ed\u4eba\u5458\u56de\u5fc6\uff0c\u8be5\u73ed\u201c\u5b8c\u5168\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e3a\u8bca\u7597\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u603b\u90e8\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u8bca\u7597\u8d39\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u81ea\u7531\u7ecf\u8425\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6545\u800c\u662f\u5168\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u4e2d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5\u6700\u597d\u7684\u201d\u3002(45)<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5de5\u90e8\u5c40\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u65e5\u4f2a\u7edf\u6cbb\u65f6\u671f\u6210\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e0a\u6d77\u533b\u9662<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6d3e\u51fa\u5357\u4eac\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u53e6\u5411\u592a\u539f\u3001\u77f3\u5bb6\u5e84\u6d3e\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u73ed\u5b8c\u5168\u542c\u547d\u4e8e\u5f53\u5730\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u7684\u8c03\u9063\uff0c\u77f3\u5bb6\u5e84\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u73ed\u957f\u65b0\u57a3\u6052\u653f\u5728\u9047\u5230\u4ea4\u901a\u8fd0\u8f93\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u79f0\uff0c\u201c\u5982\u4eca\u66f4\u4e3a\u75db\u611f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u5927\u9646\u65f6\u52a1\u5fc5\u83b7\u5f97\u519b\u65b9\u7684\u540c\u60c5\u4e0e\u534f\u52a9\u201d\u3002(46)\u751a\u81f3\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u9a7b\u5730\uff0c\u9664\u201c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u201d\u724c\u5b50\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u6302\u4e0a\u201c\u5927\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u5ba3\u629a\u73ed\u8bca\u7597\u6240\u201d\u7684\u724c\u5b50\uff0c\u4ee5\u5411\u6c11\u4f17\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u201c\u5904\u4e8e\u65e5\u519b\u5e87\u62a4\u4e0b\u201d\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002(47)\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u56e0\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u7597\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u77ed\u7f3a\u4e0e\u7ecf\u8d39\u7684\u6349\u895f\u89c1\u8098\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u4e0d\u4e45\u5373\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u4e0d\u5c11\u73ed\u5458\u56e0\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u51b5\u6076\u52a3\u60a3\u5404\u79cd\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u73ed\u4e2d\u4eba\u5fc3\u52a8\u6447\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u8fd4\u56de\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u547c\u58f0\u9ad8\u6da8\u3002(48)<\/p>\n

1937-1939\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5171\u6d3e\u51fa\u4e86\u4e24\u6279\u4e03\u652f\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c\u201c\u7ea6250\u540d\u73ed\u5458\u4e8e\u5404\u5730\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u6295\u5165\u7ecf\u8d39\u8fbe200\u4e07\u65e5\u5143\u201d\u3002(49)\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u5404\u5730\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e3a\u5f53\u5730\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u6240\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4f17\u5c55\u793a\u5176\u533b\u5b66\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\u3001\u6de1\u5316\u5176\u4fb5\u7565\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5404\u5730\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u5f00\u5c55\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u62db\u724c\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u65e5\u672c\u4f5c\u5bb6\u4e45\u7c73\u6b63\u96c4\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u53c2\u89c2\u4e0a\u6d77\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u540e\u7684\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5728\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u6307\u6325\u4e0b\u9732\u9aa8\u7684\u201c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5ba3\u629a\u800c\u6d3e\u9063\u7684\u6587\u5316\u90e8\u961f\u201d\u3002(50)\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u5ba3\u629a\u8fd8\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u66f4\u4e3a\u6ce8\u91cd\u611f\u5316\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5e08\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u6bd4\u4e4b\u6587\u5b57\u6d77\u62a5\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u5bf9\u60a3\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u6cbb\u7597\u5e76\u4f7f\u4e4b\u4eb2\u773c\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u6548\u679c\u66f4\u597d\u201d\u3002(51)\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u65e5\u519b\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5b98\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u201c\u6700\u4e3a\u6709\u6548\u4e14\u76f4\u63a5\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5404\u5730\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4e0b\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u6d3e\u9063\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2d\u6b62\u3002\u4ece\u300a\u9752\u6728\u4e49\u52c7\u6587\u4e66\u300b\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4ece1939\u5e74\u81f31945\u5e74\u65e5\u672c\u6218\u8d25\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u603b\u90e8\u53ca\u5404\u5730\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u9662\u9646\u7eed\u6d3e\u51fa\u591a\u652f\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u6df1\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u4e00\u822c\u89c4\u6a21\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c1944\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u914d\u5408\u65e5\u519b\u201c\u4e00\u53f7\u201d\u4f5c\u6218\uff0c\u7531\u5357\u4eac\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u6d3e\u9063\u81f3\u767d\u6c34\u2014\u8861\u9633\u95f4\u7684\u5de1\u56de\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c\u4ec5\u75311\u540d\u533b\u5458\u4e0e3-4\u540d\u62a4\u58eb\u7ec4\u6210\u3002(52)\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u529b\u7a98\u4fc3\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u534e\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u524d\u5f80\u5404\u5730\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u4e4b\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0e\u6218\u4e89\u524d\u671f\u5927\u76f8\u5f84\u5ead\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c1942\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u53d7\u83631644\u90e8\u961f\u4e4b\u547d\uff0c\u6d3e\u51fa\u73ed\u5458\u524d\u5f80\u82cf\u5dde\u7b49\u5730\u534f\u52a9\u65e5\u519b\u8c03\u529e\u5927\u7c73\u7b49\u7269\u8d44(53)\uff1b\u53c8\u5982\uff0c1944\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u5f00\u5c01\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u53d7\u5317\u4eac\u65e5\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\u4e4b\u547d\u63f4\u52a9\u90d1\u5dde\u5175\u7ad9\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e8e\u5f53\u5730\u79d8\u5bc6\u4ece\u4e8b\u767b\u9769\u70ed\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u7814\u7a76\u3002(54)\u8d44\u6599\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de1\u56de\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u542c\u547d\u4e8e\u5f53\u5730\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u7684\u8c03\u9063\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2a\u522b\u533b\u5e08\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6551\u6cbb\u4e2d\u56fd\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u786e\u6295\u5165\u5fc3\u529b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u884c\u533b\u201c\u8865\u507f\u65e5\u519b\u6240\u72af\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\u201d\u3002(55)\u4f46\u4ece\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u7684\u6307\u6325\u4e0b\u4e0e\u6b27\u7f8e\u5728\u534e\u533b\u7597\u673a\u6784\u5c55\u5f00\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u5784\u65ad\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u533b\u7597\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6539\u53d8\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u843d\u540e\u7684\u533b\u7597\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u7ed9\u6c11\u4f17\u957f\u671f\u7684\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u4e0e\u65e5\u519b\u7ec6\u83cc\u90e8\u961f\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c<\/p>\n

1938\u5e743\u670829\u65e5\uff0c\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u5bf9\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e0b\u8fbe\u300a\u5bf9\u534e\u9632\u75ab\u4e8b\u4e1a\u65b9\u9488\u300b\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u533a\u57df\u4e3a\u534e\u5317\u4e0e\u534e\u4e2d\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u201c\u4e00\u4fdf\u6761\u4ef6\u6210\u719f\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u6d3e\u5f80\u534e\u5317\u3001\u534e\u4e2d\u7684\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u6539\u4e3a\u5e38\u9a7b\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u4ee5\u65e5\u672c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002(56)\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a7\u5236\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u534e\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u90e8\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u201c\u6d3e\u5f80\u4e2d\u56fd\u8005\u5c06\u89e3\u9664\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u59d4\u6258\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u73b0\u804c\uff0c\u8f6c\u4e3a\u6211\u519b\u7684\u2018\u5631\u6258\u2019\uff0c\u5e76\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6211\u519b\u3002\u201d(57)\u539f\u672c\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u5229\u7528\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5f00\u5c55\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u8054\u76df\u6d3e\u9063\u6765\u534e\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u7ade\u4e89\u6c11\u5fc3\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u201c\u60f3\u8c61\u201d\u3002\u56fd\u8054\u867d\u4e8e\u6218\u521d\u6d3e\u51fa\u4e09\u652f\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u524d\u5f80\u897f\u5b89\u3001\u957f\u6c99\u3001\u5357\u5b81\u7b49\u5730(58)\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u533a\u57df\u4e0e\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u533a\u57df\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea4\u96c6\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u4e5f\u5c31\u6839\u672c\u8c08\u4e0d\u4e0a\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9762\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u90e8\u7684\u50ac\u4fc3\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u81ea\u59cb\u5c31\u611f\u5230\u5728\u534e\u9632\u75ab\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u8270\u5de8\u3002\u526f\u4f1a\u957f\u5bab\u5ddd\u7c73\u6b21\u5c31\u79f0\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u6b64\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u56e0\u65e0\u6cd5\u9884\u8ba1\u540e\u679c\u800c\u611f\u5230\u8e0c\u8e87\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u4ee5\u519b\u90e8\u4e3a\u9996\u5404\u65b9\u7684\u97ad\u631e\u201d\u3002(59)1938\u5e744\u67085\u65e5\uff0c\u5bab\u5ddd\u7c73\u6b21\u7b49\u4eba\u5229\u7528\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5b66\u603b\u4f1a\u4e8e\u4eac\u90fd\u53ec\u5f00\u4e4b\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u754c\u9632\u75ab\u4e13\u5bb6\u5546\u8ba8\u6280\u672f\u63f4\u52a9\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bba\u8005\u5305\u62ec\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u3001\u5317\u91ce\u653f\u6b21\u7b49\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u4e13\u5bb6\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6d3e\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e1c\u4eac\u5e1d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u90e8\u6559\u6388\u9ad8\u6728\u9038\u78e8\u4e3a\u73ed\u957f\u7684\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ee5\u5927\u962a\u5e1d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u90e8\u6559\u6388\u8c37\u53e3\u817c\u4e8c\u4e3a\u73ed\u957f\u7684\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u3002\u5728\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0a\uff0c\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u4eba\u6570\u8fbe98\u540d\uff0c\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u5219\u8fbe88\u540d\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u5404\u5730\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u62b5\u8fbe\u5317\u4eac\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u636e\u70b9\u8bbe\u4e8e\u5317\u4eac\u4e1c\u5382\u80e1\u540c1\u53f7\u65e5\u672c\u4e1c\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u4e8b\u4e1a\u90e8\u5185\u3002\u7531\u4e8e1938\u5e74\u590f\u5b63\u4e0a\u6d77\u7b49\u5730\u5df2\u7206\u53d1\u970d\u4e71\u75ab\u60c5\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u963b\u6b62\u75ab\u60c5\u6d41\u5165\u534e\u5317\uff0c\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u7acb\u5373\u6d3e\u9063\u5206\u73ed\u524d\u5f80\u5317\u5b81\u3001\u6d25\u6d66\u3001\u80f6\u6d4e\u3001\u9647\u6d77\u3001\u4eac\u6c49\u3001\u6b63\u592a\u7b49\u94c1\u8def\u6cbf\u7ebf\u8981\u5730\uff0c\u5bf9\u6765\u5f80\u6c11\u4f17\u8fdb\u884c\u5f3a\u5236\u75c5\u83cc\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e0e\u9884\u9632\u6ce8\u5c04\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u68c0\u75ab\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0e\u970d\u4e71\u75ab\u82d7\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u5929\u575b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6240\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

1938\u5e74\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u534e\u5317\u6d3e\u9063\u519b\u5f3a\u5360\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u8bbe\u4e8e\u5929\u575b\u795e\u4e50\u7f72\u7684\u539f\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8(\u5373\u540e\u6765\u7684\u534e\u5317\u75321855\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u65f6\u79f0\u83ca\u6c60\u90e8\u961f\u2014\u2014\u7b14\u8005\u6ce8)\u3002\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6dde\u6caa\u4f1a\u6218\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e5\u519b\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u7814\u5236\u7684\u51c0\u6c34\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u6218\u573a\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u652f\u9632\u75ab\u90e8\u961f\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4e0a\u6d77\u6d3e\u9063\u519b\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u534e\u65e5\u519b\u5404\u5e08\u56e2\u9646\u7eed\u8bbe\u7acb\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u95e8\u6210\u4e3a\u65e5\u519b\u4e2d\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u673a\u5173\u3002(60)\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u540d\u4e49\u4e0a\u5ba3\u79f0\u4ece\u4e8b\u9632\u75ab\u53ca\u51c0\u6c34\u8865\u5145\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec6\u83cc\u6b66\u5668\u7684\u7814\u5236\u4e0e\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u534e\u5317\u6d3e\u9063\u519b\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u83ca\u6c60\u90e8\u961f\u4ece\u4e8b\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\uff0c\u4e2d\u5916\u5b66\u754c\u5df2\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u6210\u679c\u95ee\u4e16\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u5176\u804c\u80fd\u53ca\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ecd\u6709\u8bf8\u591a\u9700\u8981\u63a2\u660e\u7684\u5185\u5e55\u3002(61)\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u7ec6\u83cc\u6b66\u5668\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6781\u5177\u8bef\u4f24\u5df1\u65b9\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u7ec6\u83cc\u6b66\u5668\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5e94\u75ab\u82d7\u7684\u7814\u5236\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e00\u4f53\u4e24\u9762\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u4f53\u73b0\u4e8e\u83ca\u6c60\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u5229\u7528\u5929\u575b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6240\u5f00\u5c55\u9632\u75ab\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u4fbf\u4e0e\u8fd9\u652f\u7ec6\u83cc\u90e8\u961f\u5b58\u5728\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u636e\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u4e0b\u8bbe\u56db\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u603b\u52a1\u90e8\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u90e8\u3001\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u90e8\u95e8\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u90e8\u4e0e\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u90e8\u62c5\u5f53\u751f\u4ea7\u970d\u4e71\u75ab\u82d7\u7684\u57fa\u5730\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\u5219\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e0e\u75ab\u60c5\u53ca\u6c34\u8d28\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\u5747\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u83ca\u6c60\u90e8\u961f\u3002(62)\u6309\u7167\u534e\u5317\u65e5\u519b\u5bf9\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u9488\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u519b\u961f\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u673a\u5173\uff0c\u4ee5\u6218\u6597\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u519b\u65b9\u8981\u6c42\u5b9e\u65bd\u5e76\u6307\u5bfc\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u7684\u6d88\u6bd2\u4e0e\u6307\u5bfc\u5de5\u4f5c\u201d\uff0c\u4e14\u201c\u56e0\u534e\u5317\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u800c\u76f4\u5c5e\u4e8e\u519b\u961f\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u9632\u75ab\u4e1a\u52a1\u53ca\u9632\u75ab\u7528\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5236\u9020\u53ca\u68c0\u67e5\u201d\u3002(63)\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u81ea\u8eab\u5bf9\u5176\u4e0e\u83ca\u6c60\u90e8\u961f\u4e4b\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ea6\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u6728\u73ed\u957f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5404\u73ed\u5458\u88ab\u6d3e\u9063\u81f3\u5404\u5730\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u53d7\u5404\u90e8\u961f\u957f\u7684\u6307\u6325\u4e0e\u76d1\u7763\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u5b50\u4ece\u4e8b\u9632\u75ab\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u5730\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u5b9e\u7ee9\u2026\u2026\u5317\u4eac\u603b\u90e8\uff0c\u83ca\u6c60\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u6c34\u8d28\u68c0\u67e5\u3001\u8840\u6e05\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u7ec6\u83cc\u68c0\u67e5\u7b49\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u9632\u75ab\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u73b0\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7686\u7531\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u5458\u4e4b\u624b\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u90e8\u961f\u5bf9\u6b64\u6df1\u8868\u611f\u8c22\u3002(64)<\/p>\n

\u83ca\u6c60\u90e8\u961f\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u5982\u75ab\u82d7\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u91cf\u4e0e\u81f4\u75c5\u7ec6\u83cc\u751f\u4ea7\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u6bd2\u529b\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7b49\uff0c\u5728\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u591a\u6709\u9648\u8ff0\u3002(65)\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u662f\u534e\u5317\u65e5\u519b\u7ec6\u83cc\u90e8\u961f\u5728\u9632\u75ab\u804c\u80fd\u4e0a\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u5904\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u534e\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u5916\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u5728\u83ca\u6c60\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u6307\u6325\u4e0b\uff0c\u5206\u6d3e\u4e8e\u5929\u6d25\u3001\u5858\u6cbd\u3001\u9752\u5c9b\u3001\u829d\u7f58\u3001\u77f3\u5bb6\u5e84\u3001\u6d4e\u5357\u3001\u5f90\u5dde\u3001\u65b0\u4e61\u3001\u592a\u539f\u3001\u90d1\u5dde\u7b49\u5730\u3002(66)\u73ed\u957f\u9ad8\u6728\u9038\u78e8\u5728\u5176\u62a5\u544a\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u4e8b\u4e1a\u300b\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5404\u5730\u5206\u73ed\u4e0e\u970d\u4e71\u7684\u201c\u6218\u4e89\u201d\uff0c\u8fd8\u7279\u522b\u6307\u51fa\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u5728\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5404\u5730\u536b\u751f\u5f53\u5c40\u5bf9\u652f\u51fa\u9632\u75ab\u8d39\u7528\u7f3a\u4e4f\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u867d\u5728\u4f1a\u4e0a\u4f5c\u51fa\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u5374\u8fdf\u8fdf\u4e0d\u80af\u5b9e\u884c\uff0c\u5728\u97ad\u631e\u65a5\u8d23\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u65b9\u624d\u7f13\u7f13\u63a8\u52a8\u8005\u4e0d\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u2026\u2026\u4e0a\u6d41\u9636\u5c42\u4ec5\u4e3a\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u8eab\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u3001\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u82e6\u607c\u6f20\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u6001\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u5c31\u53ef\u77e5\u4e2d\u56fd\u536b\u751f\u5f53\u5c40\u5bf9\u9632\u75ab\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u4f73\u7684\u5927\u9646\uff0c\u6218\u540e\u6211\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u5fc5\u5c06\u5927\u91cf\u6d8c\u5165\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5e94\u5f53\u6df1\u523b\u601d\u8003\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u3002(67)<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u9ad8\u6728\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u96be\u770b\u51fa\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5b66\u8005\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u63a8\u884c\u6b96\u6c11\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u903b\u8f91\uff1a\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c(\u6307\u5080\u5121\u653f\u6743\u2014\u2014\u7b14\u8005\u6ce8)\u65e0\u529b\u5f00\u5c55\u9632\u75ab\u4e1a\u52a1\u3001\u4e0a\u6d41\u9636\u5c42\u6f20\u89c6\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u75be\u82e6\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5c31\u5e94\u4ee3\u5176\u4e3a\u4e4b\u3002\u4e14\u5728\u9ad8\u6728\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f52\u6839\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u534e\u8fdb\u884c\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u662f\u4fdd\u969c\u5728\u534e\u65e5\u4eba\u536b\u751f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u533b\u5e08\u4e2d\uff0c\u6301\u4e0e\u9ad8\u6728\u76f8\u4f3c\u8a00\u8bba\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c11\u89c1\u3002(68)<\/p>\n

1939\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u5174\u4e9a\u9662\u64a4\u5e9f\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u534e\u9632\u75ab\u4e8b\u4e1a\u90e8\uff0c\u5c06\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u6539\u4e3a\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u5904\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u8054\u5408\u63a7\u5236\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u5e38\u8bbe\u673a\u6784\u3002\u7136\u800c\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u7684\u4eba\u9a6c\u5b8c\u5168\u6765\u81ea\u539f\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\uff0c\u65e5\u519b\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u961f\u5bf9\u4e4b\u63a7\u5236\u65e0\u4e1d\u6beb\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u6210\u7acb\u540e\u4ecd\u4e8e\u5929\u575b\u529e\u516c\uff0c\u4e0e\u897f\u6751\u90e8\u961f(\u5373\u75321855\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u540e\u7531\u9646\u519b\u519b\u533b\u5927\u4f50\u897f\u6751\u82f1\u4e8c\u62c5\u4efb\u90e8\u961f\u957f\u2014\u2014\u7b14\u8005\u6ce8)\u5171\u7528\u767d\u5589\u6bd2\u7d20\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u3001\u7329\u7ea2\u70ed\u6bd2\u7d20\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u3001\u514d\u75ab\u5ba4\u3001\u75d8\u82d7\u5ba4\u7b49\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u970d\u4e71\u75ab\u82d7\u3001\u4f24\u5bd2\u75ab\u82d7\u3001\u4f24\u5bd2\u526f\u4f24\u5bd2\u6746\u83cc\u6df7\u5408\u75ab\u82d7\u3001\u75d8\u82d7\u3001\u767d\u5589\u6bd2\u7d20\u53ca\u8840\u6e05\u3001\u7329\u7ea2\u70ed\u6bd2\u7d20\u53ca\u8840\u6e05\u7b49\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u3002(69)1939\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u5174\u4e9a\u9662\u534e\u5317\u8054\u7edc\u90e8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5206\u6563\uff0c\u5e94\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u4e3b\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u9632\u75ab\u4efb\u52a1\u5219\u53ef\u4ea4\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u9632\u75ab\u673a\u6784\u3002(70)\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5c06\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u4e8b\u52a1\u9010\u6e10\u8f6c\u4ea4\u4e8e\u534e\u5317\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5404\u5730\u4f2a\u9632\u75ab\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u8f83\u534e\u5317\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u534e\u4e2d\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u4efb\u52a1\u66f4\u4e3a\u8270\u5de8\u30021938\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u9884\u8ba1\u5f53\u5e74\u590f\u5b63\u4e0a\u6d77\u6781\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7206\u53d1\u5404\u79cd\u75ab\u60c5\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\u540e\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\uff0c\u8bbe\u636e\u70b9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u6d77\u5357\u5e02\u65e7\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u5185\uff0c\u4e0b\u8f967\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\u53ca\u4e0a\u6d77\u3001\u5357\u4eac\u4e24\u4e2a\u652f\u90e8\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u534e\u4e2d\u65e5\u519b\u8fd8\u672a\u6210\u7acb\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\uff0c\u8be5\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0a\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u201c\u4e0e\u4e0a\u6d77\u3001\u5357\u4eac\u519b\u961f\u7684\u91ce\u6218\u9632\u75ab\u90e8\u5bc6\u5207\u8054\u7cfb\u201d\u3002(71)\u4e0e\u7b3c\u7f69\u4e8e\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u8272\u5f69\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0e\u4f2a\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e34\u65f6\u9632\u75ab\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u4e0a\u6d77\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7b49\u975e\u519b\u4e8b\u673a\u6784\u4fdd\u6301\u5bc6\u5207\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u516c\u5f00\u53c2\u52a0\u5de5\u90e8\u5c40\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u9632\u75ab\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c\u7279\u610f\u5411\u4e16\u4eba\u5c55\u793a\u65e5\u672c\u9632\u75ab\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u6027\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u970d\u4e71\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5bab\u5ddd\u7c73\u6b21\u6d0b\u6d0b\u5f97\u610f\u5730\u5ba3\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u5f53\u4e0a\u6d77\u970d\u4e71\u6d41\u884c\u5982\u671f\u800c\u81f3\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u540c\u50da\u9ad8\u6728\u6559\u6388\u3001\u8c37\u53e3\u6559\u6388\u90fd\u5145\u6ee1\u5e72\u52b2\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5b66\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u7edd\u597d\u65f6\u673a\u3002\u201d(72)<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u5c55\u73b0\u7684\u5374\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u526f\u9762\u5b54\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5e08\u51ed\u501f\u65e5\u519b\u7684\u6b66\u529b\uff0c\u8086\u65e0\u5fcc\u60ee\u5730\u4e8e\u8857\u5934\u5bf9\u6c11\u4f17\u5f3a\u5236\u6ce8\u5c04\u75ab\u82d7\uff0c\u6caa\u4e0a\u201c\u51e1\u6b32\u5f80\u5404\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u57df\u8005\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5f53\u5c40\u6982\u987b\u67e5\u9a8c\u9632\u75ab\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u8bbe\u65e0\u6b64\u9879\u9632\u75ab\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u51c6\u901a\u884c\u201d(73)\uff0c\u79df\u754c\u5185\u4e2d\u5916\u533b\u5e08\u7eb7\u7eb7\u51fa\u552e\u9632\u75ab\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u6c11\u95f4\u5bf9\u4e4b\u8f6c\u5356\u3001\u4f2a\u9020\u8005\u5c61\u89c1\u4e0d\u9c9c\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bfc\u81f4\u6c11\u95f4\u6781\u5ea6\u6050\u614c\u3002\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u4f55\u4ee5\u7f6e\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u7684\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5f62\u8c61\u4e0d\u987e?\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5e08\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u6beb\u4e0d\u8bb3\u8a00\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u201c\u672c\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u539f\u4e3a\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u75ab\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c45\u6c11\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba3\u629a\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5904\u4e8e\u519b\u961f\u7684\u5916\u5ef6\uff0c\u6545\u4e0e\u6211\u519b\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u6709\u7740\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3002(74)\u5904\u4e8e\u65e5\u519b\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u961f\u5916\u5ef6\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u5f53\u5730\u65e5\u519b\u7684\u536b\u751f\u5b89\u5168\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u8981\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u65e5\u519b\u7684\u6388\u610f\u4e0b\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u6d3e\u9063\u533b\u5e08\u524d\u5f80\u65e0\u9521\u3001\u676d\u5dde\u3001\u4e5d\u6c5f\u7b49\u5730\u5c55\u5f00\u5de1\u56de\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u30021938\u5e748-9\u6708\u6b66\u6c49\u4f1a\u6218\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u65e5\u519b\u201c\u4e8e\u9177\u70ed\u4e4b\u4e0b\u8270\u96be\u884c\u519b\uff0c\u759f\u75be\u60a3\u8005\u5927\u91cf\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u603b\u5175\u529b17\u4e07\u4eba\u4e2d\u7ea6\u534a\u6570\u7f79\u75c5\uff0c\u90e8\u961f\u6218\u6597\u529b\u9510\u51cf\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8de8\u8d8a\u5927\u522b\u5c71\u7684\u90e8\u961f\u9677\u5165\u82e6\u6218\u201d\u3002(75)\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\uff0c\u5c06\u5927\u91cf\u533b\u7597\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0e\u9632\u75ab\u529b\u91cf\u6295\u5165\u524d\u7ebf\u7684\u65e5\u519b\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u6687\u987e\u53ca\u4e5d\u6c5f\u7b49\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

1939\u5e741\u6708\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5c06\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u4e0e\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u4e00\u5e76\u5f52\u7531\u5174\u4e9a\u9662\u7edf\u8f96\uff0c3\u6708\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u6539\u79f0\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u3002\u5174\u4e9a\u9662\u5c06\u4e0a\u6d77\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u8bbe\u5907\u79fb\u4ea4\u8be5\u5904\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u75ab\u82d7\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002(76)1939\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u534e\u4e2d\u6d3e\u9063\u519b\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8(\u5373\u7ec6\u83cc\u90e8\u961f\u83631644\u90e8\u961f\u2014\u2014\u7b14\u8005\u6ce8)\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6307\u5bfc\u673a\u5173\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u9646\u7eed\u6d3e\u9063\u591a\u652f\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u524d\u5f80\u5185\u5730\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u534e\u4e2d\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u4e2d\u5c0f\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u6d3e\u51fa\u673a\u6784\u30021940\u5e74\u968f\u7740\u6c6a\u4f2a\u653f\u6743\u7684\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u540d\u4e49\u4e0a\u5c06\u90e8\u5206\u9632\u75ab\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ea4\u7531\u4f2a\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u627f\u62c5\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f6c\u8ba9\u5e76\u4e0d\u6177\u6168\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u7279\u522b\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u51e1\u5176\u9632\u75ab\u836f\u54c1\u201c\u4ee5\u540e\u987b\u7167\u4ef7\u6536\u8d39\uff0c\u65b9\u5f97\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f9b\u7ed9\u201d\uff0c\u4f2a\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u627f\u8bfa\u201c\u62df\u4ecd\u7531\u672c\u90e8\u5411\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8d2d\u529e\u4f9b\u7ed9\uff0c\u53d1\u653e\u5404\u5730\u536b\u751f\u673a\u5173\u4f7f\u7528\u201d\u3002(77)<\/p>\n

\u534e\u5317\u3001\u534e\u4e2d\u7684\u65e5\u519b\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u961f\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u9632\u75ab\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u57fa\u5c42\u5f00\u5c55\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u662f\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0e\u88ab\u6307\u5bfc\u7684\u5173\u7cfb(\u6307\u5bfc\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u7684\u6709\u65f6\u8fd8\u6709\u65e5\u519b\u519b\u533b\u90e8\u3001\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u7b49)\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u9632\u75ab\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5206\u5de5\u3002\u539f\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6d4e\u5357\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u533b\u5e08\u795e\u5c71\u5b9a\u6cbb\u56de\u5fc61940\u5e74\u4e8e\u5546\u6cb3\u5730\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u7684\u60c5\u666f\uff0c\u53ef\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u5730\u65b9\u4e0a\u75ab\u60c5\u591a\u53d1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u53d7\u519b\u533b\u90e8\u7684\u6307\u793a\uff0c\u4e0e\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5954\u8d74\u5f53\u5730\u3002\u8fd0\u8f93\u3001\u9632\u536b\u3001\u68c0\u75ab\u7b49\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u5219\u4ea4\u7531\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u8bca\u7597\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u5219\u7531\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u8d1f\u8d23\u2026\u2026\u5f53\u5730\u970d\u4e71\u60a3\u8005\u63a8\u5b9a\u8fbe\u4e09\u5343\u540d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53d7\u5230\u8fc7\u4e24\u6b21\u591c\u88ad\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u4ece\u4e8b\u706d\u8747\u3001\u963b\u65ad\u4ea4\u901a\u4e0e\u9884\u9632\u6ce8\u5c04\u7b49\u5177\u4f53\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8fd8\u529d\u544a\u6c11\u4f17\uff0c\u8bf4\u516b\u8def\u519b\u4e5f\u662f\u9700\u8981\u63a5\u53d7\u9884\u9632\u6ce8\u5c04\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u5c04\u65f6\u5468\u56f4\u90fd\u5b89\u8bbe\u4e86\u673a\u67aa\uff0c\u5f53\u5730\u96c6\u5408\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u591a\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u3002\u4e24\u5468\u540e\u970d\u4e71\u75ab\u60c5\u7ec8\u4e8e\u7184\u706d\u4e86\u3002(78)<\/p>\n

\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u77e5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u4e8e\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u57fa\u5c42\u5f00\u5c55\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u5bf9\u57fa\u5c42\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u68c0\u75ab\u4e0e\u8bca\u6cbb\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u6b66\u529b\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\uff1b\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u961f\u5219\u5229\u7528\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u8fc5\u901f\u6251\u706d\u75ab\u60c5\u4e4b\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e2\u7136\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u534e\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u65e5\u519b\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u961f\u6709\u7740\u6df1\u5ea6\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7f6e\u8eab\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5e08\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u610f\u8bc6?\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5e08\u5bf9\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u5e76\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\u3002\u5bab\u5ddd\u7c73\u6b21\u5728\u89c6\u5bdf\u534e\u5317\u5404\u5730\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u591a\u6b21\u58f0\u79f0\u5929\u6d25\u7b49\u5730\u7206\u53d1\u7684\u970d\u4e71\u4e43\u7531\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u84c4\u610f\u53d1\u52a8\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u6240\u81f4\u3002(79)1938\u5e746-8\u6708\u95f4\u77f3\u5bb6\u5e84\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u5728\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u60a3\u8005\u6392\u6cc4\u7269\u7b49\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u4ece\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5224\u65ad\u5176\u6bd2\u529b\u53ca\u83cc\u578b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u201d(80)\uff0c\u8be5\u73ed\u8fd8\u5206\u53d1\u4f20\u5355\uff1a\u201c\u864e\u70c8\u62c9(\u6307\u970d\u4e71\u2014\u2014\u7b14\u8005\u6ce8)\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e4b\u5171\u654c\u3002\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u5c06\u864e\u70c8\u62c9\u83cc\u6ce8\u5c04\u4e8e\u897f\u74dc\u751c\u74dc\u4e4b\u5185\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u6740\u5bb3\u543e\u7b49\u65e0\u8f9c\u4eba\u6c11\u3002\u4e0d\u8ba9\u864e\u70c8\u62c9\u4fb5\u5165\u5e02\u5185\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u201d(81)\u6211\u4eec\u82e5\u5c06\u89c6\u91ce\u6295\u653e\u81f3\u540c\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4f2a\u6ee1\u5949\u5929\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u53d1\u73b0\u5f53\u5730\u4ea6\u53d1\u751f\u970d\u4e71\u75ab\u60c5\u3002\u201c\u6ee1\u6d32\u201d\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u7ec6\u83cc\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u5317\u91ce\u653f\u6b21\u6070\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u201c\u654c\u65b9\u8c0b\u7565\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u201c\u8c0b\u7565\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5bf9\u7530\u4e2d\u7684\u751c\u74dc\u6216\u897f\u74dc\u6ce8\u5c04\u970d\u4e71\u83cc\u6db2\u2026\u2026\u5949\u5929\u5df2\u53d1\u73b0\u95f4\u8c0d\u4fb5\u5165\u8fdb\u884c\u79cd\u79cd\u7b56\u52a8\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u7efc\u5408\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e3a\u4fb5\u5165\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u8c0b\u7565\u201d\u3002(82)\u5317\u91ce\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5bab\u5ddd\u3001\u77f3\u5bb6\u5e84\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5982\u51fa\u4e00\u8f99\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5e08\u5bf9\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u65e9\u5df2\u719f\u7a14\u4e8e\u5fc3\uff0c\u6218\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u534e\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u53d1\u52a8\u4e0e\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u5bf9\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5e08\u800c\u8a00\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u539f\u6c49\u53e3\u9632\u75ab\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u533b\u5e08\u5c71\u53e3\u4f0a\u5178\u6218\u540e\u5fc6\u53ca\u65e5\u519b\u9a7b\u6c49\u53e3\u9632\u75ab\u90e8\u961f\u5229\u6839\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u4e3a\u4e00\u65c1\u8bc1\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u7ec8\u6218\u540e\u7684\u519b\u653f\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5728\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u4e4b\u540d\u5df2\u4e0d\u590d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5229\u6839\u90e8\u961f\u4e5f\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u3002\u5927\u591a\u4e3a\u90e8\u961f(\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u9646\u519b\u533b\u9662)\u6240\u5438\u6536\u800c\u89e3\u6563\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6216\u8bb8\u56e0\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0e\u6ee1\u6d32\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u672c\u90e8\u7684\u6218\u72af\u6d3b\u52a8\u5b58\u5728\u5173\u8054\u5427\u3002\u5c31\u6211\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u6c49\u53e3\u7684\u5229\u6839\u90e8\u961f\u5e76\u672a\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6218\u72af\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8(\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df7\u86cb\u961f\u957f\uff0c\u66fe\u529d\u6211\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u800c\u4e3a\u6211\u4e00\u7b11\u4e86\u4e4b)\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7ec8\u6218\u540e\u65e5\u519b\u9632\u75ab\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u52a8\u5411\u662f\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u7684\u3002(83)<\/p>\n

\u5c71\u53e3\u4f0a\u5178\u5bf9\u5229\u6839\u90e8\u961f\u662f\u5426\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u81ea\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4e86\u89e3\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u961f\u5b58\u5728\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u5185\u5e55\uff0c\u5f53\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u9887\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c71\u53e3\u56de\u5fc6\u4e2d\u6240\u63ed\u793a\u7684\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u961f\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u6218\u8d25\u65f6\u201c\u9041\u5f62\u201d\u7684\u53f2\u5b9e\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5e08\u4e0e\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u961f\u5b58\u5728\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u534e\u4e2d\u5f53\u5730\u7ec6\u83cc\u90e8\u961f\u6218\u540e\u7684\u884c\u8e2a\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u201c\u5927\u9646\u533b\u5b66\u201d\u540d\u4e49\u4e0b\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u6218\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u534e\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u8003\u5bdf\u4e2d\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u4e0e\u6d41\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u5404\u83cc\u79cd\u3001\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u539f\u578b\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u4ea4\u4ed8\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u7684\u53c8\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u30021938\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u53d6\u4ee3\u5c0f\u91ce\u5f97\u4e00\u90ce\u51fa\u4efb\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e13\u52a1\u7406\u4e8b\u7684\u7530\u8fb9\u6587\u56db\u90ce(\u65f6\u4e3a\u9646\u519b\u519b\u533b\u4e2d\u5c06)\u8981\u6c42\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5404\u5730\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5229\u7528\u957f\u671f\u6ede\u7559\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u6c11\u4f17\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u5168\u8eab\u6295\u5165\u533b\u4e8b\u536b\u751f\u4e4b\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u3002(84)\u526f\u4f1a\u957f\u5bab\u5ddd\u7c73\u6b21\u66f4\u662f\u76f4\u8a00\u4e0d\u8bb3\uff0c\u79f0\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0b\u5c42\u6c11\u4f17\u4e43\u65e5\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u75be\u75c5\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u201c\u5904\u5973\u5730\u201d\u3002(85)\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5e08\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u5174\u8da3\u76ce\u7136\uff0c\u201c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e1c\u4e9a\u65b0\u79e9\u5e8f\u800c\u594b\u8d77\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\uff0c\u547c\u5401\u8981\u8ba9\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5b66\u8fdb\u5165\u5927\u9646\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u53ca\u4e00\u7ebf\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5df2\u4e8e\u5b9e\u5730\u5f00\u5c55\u8c03\u67e5\u5de5\u4f5c\u201d\u3002(86)1939-1941\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5e08\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u201c\u53ef\u8c13\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5404\u5904\u5404\u73ed\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5e38\u4e1a\u52a1\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u6216\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6700\u9ec4\u91d1\u65f6\u671f\u201d\u3002(87)\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u201c\u5927\u9646\u533b\u5b66\u201d\u540d\u4e49\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76(88)\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ca\u9632\u75ab\u4e1a\u52a1\u7d27\u5bc6\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u5bf9\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u5176\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

1939\u5e746\u6708\u81f31945\u5e745\u6708\u53d1\u884c\u7684\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u673a\u5173\u5b66\u672f\u520a\u7269\u300a\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u520a\u8f7d\u4e86339\u7bc7\u533b\u5e08\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\u4e0e\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u5bf9\u4e4b\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\u8c03\u7814\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u65e8\u8da3\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ece\u4fa7\u9762\u770b\u5230\u65e5\u672c\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u6c11\u4f17\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9e\u76f8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u7bc7\u76ee\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5341\u5206\u5173\u5fc3\u5404\u5730\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6307\u4f24\u5bd2\u6216\u7c7b\u4f24\u5bd2\u3001\u6591\u75b9\u4f24\u5bd2\u3001\u8d64\u75e2\u3001\u5929\u82b1(\u75d8\u75ae)\u3001\u9f20\u75ab\u3001\u970d\u4e71\u3001\u767d\u5589\u3001\u6d41\u884c\u6027\u8111\u810a\u9ad3\u819c\u708e\u3001\u7329\u7ea2\u70ed\u7b49\u6025\u6027\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u3002(89)\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u56e0\u4f20\u64ad\u5feb\u3001\u5371\u5bb3\u5927\uff0c\u65e5\u519b\u5728\u653b\u57ce\u7565\u5730\u65f6\uff0c\u7f79\u60a3\u8005\u4e0d\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u3002\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u75c5\u79cd\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6295\u5165\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4eba\u529b\u3001\u7269\u529b\u4e0e\u8d22\u529b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6162\u6027\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u4e0e\u98ce\u571f\u75c5\uff0c\u5982\u7ed3\u6838\u3001\u7802\u773c\u3001\u9ed1\u70ed\u75c5\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5404\u5730\u7684\u536b\u751f\u673a\u5173\u7eb3\u5165\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5404\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u79cd\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5bf9\u970d\u4e71\u75ab\u60c5\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6700\u4e3a\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u5728\u300a\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u8be5\u75c5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5171\u670929\u7bc7\uff0c\u5360\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u603b\u6570\u76848.6\uff05\u3002\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8be5\u75c5\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u5730\u57df\u6781\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u5305\u62ec\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u6240\u6709\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e0b\u5c5e\u536b\u751f\u673a\u6784\u7684\u6240\u5728\u5730\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5185\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6c5f\u6237\u665a\u671f\u970d\u4e71\u6781\u4e3a\u8086\u8650\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u8fd1\u4ee3\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u970d\u4e71\u75ab\u82d7\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u9632\u75ab\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u786e\u7acb\uff0c1926\u5e74\u540e\u65e5\u672c\u672c\u571f\u5df2\u57fa\u672c\u675c\u7edd\u970d\u4e71\u7684\u53d1\u751f(90)\uff1b\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u6297\u6218\u524d\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5df2\u5236\u5b9a\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u9632\u75ab\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5404\u5730\u970d\u4e71\u7684\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4ea6\u5448\u51cf\u5c11\u8d8b\u52bf\u30021937\u5e74\u6218\u4e8b\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u970d\u4e71\u75ab\u60c5\u6b7b\u7070\u590d\u71c3\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5404\u5730\u9632\u75ab\u673a\u6784\u5982\u4e34\u5927\u654c\uff0c\u65f6\u523b\u8b66\u6212\u30021941\u5e74\u540e\u970d\u4e71\u4ec5\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u96f6\u661f\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5bf9\u82cf\u5dde\u5730\u533a1942\u5e747-11\u6708\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6570\u4f8b\u75c5\u60c5\u5c55\u5f00\u8be6\u5c3d\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u4e43\u56e0\u5f53\u5730\u6c14\u6e29\u6bd4\u5f80\u5e74\u8d8b\u9ad8\u800c\u65e0\u964d\u96e8\uff0c\u5e02\u6c11\u53d6\u7528\u6c9f\u6e20\u53ca\u516c\u4e95\u4e4b\u6c34\u6240\u81f4\u3002(91)1942\u5e743\u6708\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e8e\u6d77\u53e3\u6210\u7acb\u8bca\u7597\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\uff0c\u5c06\u52bf\u529b\u5ef6\u4f38\u81f3\u6d77\u5357\u5c9b\u3002(92)\u65e5\u519b\u63a0\u53d6\u5c9b\u5185\u5404\u79cd\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5f79\u4f7f\u5927\u91cf\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u5174\u5efa\u5404\u79cd\u8bbe\u65bd\u30021942\u5e74\u77f3\u788c\u94c1\u77ff\u53ca\u9644\u8fd1\u6751\u843d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u970d\u4e71\u75ab\u60c5\uff0c527\u540d\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\u6b7b\u4ea1475\u540d\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u4e4b\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ee4\u6d77\u53e3\u8bca\u7597\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u5341\u5206\u9707\u60ca\u3002\u8be5\u73ed\u5728\u8c03\u7814\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u79f0\uff0c\u201c\u77f3\u788c\u5317\u9ece\u5730\u533a\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u5de5\u4e8b\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\uff0c\u81ea\u970d\u4e71\u53d1\u751f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5df2\u75db\u611f\u5efa\u8bbe\u536b\u751f\u8bbe\u65bd\u4e4b\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u7279\u522b\u671f\u5f85\u5bbf\u820d\u4e4b\u6539\u5efa\uff0c\u53ca\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6c34\u9053\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u201d\u3002(93)\u6218\u65f6\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u970d\u4e71\u75ab\u60c5\u7684\u8513\u5ef6\u4e0e\u6269\u6563\uff0c\u65e2\u4e0e\u5404\u5730\u536b\u751f\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6076\u52a3\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0e\u4eba\u7fa4\u56e0\u5404\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u805a\u96c6\u6709\u5173\uff0c1944\u5e74\u65e5\u519b\u8fdb\u884c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u4e00\u53f7\u4f5c\u6218\u201d\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5927\u91cf\u90e8\u961f\u5728\u6cb3\u5357\u4e0e\u4e24\u6e56\u5730\u533a\u7684\u96c6\u805a\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u65e5\u519b\u4e2d\u63a5\u8fde\u7206\u53d1\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u970d\u4e71\u75ab\u60c5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u90e8\u4e3a\u4e4b\u60ca\u60e7\u3002(94)<\/p>\n

\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u53e6\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e3a\u759f\u75be\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8c03\u67e5\u759f\u75be\u5728\u957f\u6c5f\u6d41\u57df\u7684\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6cbf\u5cb8\u6c11\u4f17\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u91c7\u8840\u68c0\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u30021939\u5e74\u534e\u4e2d\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u957f\u6c5f\u6d41\u57df\u7279\u6b8a\u98ce\u571f\u75c5\u7684\u759f\u75be\uff0c\u662f\u5f53\u5730\u60a3\u4f17\u6700\u591a\u7684\u6076\u75be\u3002(95)\u5728\u5b89\u5fbd\u829c\u6e56\u4e00\u5e26\uff0c1940\u5e746\u6708\u81f31943\u5e7412\u6708\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u829c\u6e56\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5bf9\u5f53\u573021800\u540d\u4f4f\u6c11\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u91c7\u8840\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u5f97\u51fa\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u6c11\u4f17\u4e2d\u60a3\u56db\u65e5\u70ed\u4e0e\u70ed\u5e26\u70ed\u8005\u8fdc\u8f83\u60a3\u4e09\u65e5\u70ed\u8005\u4e3a\u591a\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u60a3\u56db\u65e5\u70ed\u8005\u6700\u591a\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002(96)\u6218\u65f6\u6076\u52a3\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u52a9\u957f\u4e86\u759f\u75be\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e5d\u6c5f\u8bca\u7597\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u8c03\u67e5\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u65e5\u519b\u5f79\u4f7f\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u4e2d\u7206\u53d1\u56de\u5f52\u70ed\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u201c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e3a\u8fd0\u8f93\u7269\u8d44\u800c\u4ece\u6c49\u53e3\u5f81\u6765\u7684\u82e6\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u8def\u9014\u98ce\u96e8\u4e2d\u52b3\u4f5c\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u53d1\u75c5\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u65e5\u519b\u8650\u4f7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u7684\u66b4\u884c\u3002(97)<\/p>\n

\u300a\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u4e5f\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u7bc7\u76ee\u7814\u7a76\u9ed1\u70ed\u75c5\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u533a\u57df\u4e0e\u4f20\u64ad\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u8086\u8650\u4e8e\u6dee\u6cb3\u6d41\u57df\u7684\u9ed1\u70ed\u75c5\uff0c\u6218\u524d\u5357\u4eac\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u66fe\u5f00\u5c55\u8fc7\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u9632\u6cbb\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u6536\u6548\u751a\u5fae\u3002(98)\u6297\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u9ed1\u70ed\u75c5\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u7684\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u5bf9\u65e5\u519b\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u6784\u6210\u4e25\u91cd\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u636e\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u526f\u5904\u957f\u77f3\u4e95\u4fe1\u592a\u90ce\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u534e\u5317\u65e5\u519b\u7f79\u60a3\u6b64\u75c5\u8005\u76f8\u5f53\u4e4b\u591a\u3002(99)\u6545\u800c\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5bf9\u6b64\u75c5\u6781\u4e3a\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u81ea1939\u5e747\u6708\u8d77\u591a\u6b21\u6d3e\u9063\u533b\u5e08\u524d\u5f80\u534e\u5317\u5404\u5730\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u60a3\u75c5\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u6c5f\u82cf\u6d77\u5dde\u5730\u533a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u5730\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u533b\u5e08\u68ee\u4e0b\u54f2\u592b\u7b49\u4eba\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u9ed1\u70ed\u75c5\u4e8e\u534e\u5317\u6d41\u884c\u4e4b\u5357\u754c\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u5b89\u5fbd\u5bff\u53bf\u6cbf\u6dee\u6cb3\u5f80\u4e1c\u81f3\u6d2a\u6cfd\u6e56\uff0c\u53ca\u4ece\u5927\u8fd0\u6cb3\u4e4b\u6e05\u6c5f\u6d66\u9644\u8fd1(\u6dee\u9634\u3001\u6dee\u5b89)\u81f3\u6d9f\u6c34\u3001\u961c\u5b81\u4e00\u7ebf\u3002(100)<\/p>\n

1941-1942\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5404\u5730\u536b\u751f\u673a\u6784\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u6307\u6325\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5404\u7c7b\u75ab\u75c5\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5927\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u8c03\u67e5\u533a\u57df\u5305\u62ec\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7701\u4efd\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u52fe\u52d2\u51fa\u6218\u65f6\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5728\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6218\u65f6\u9f20\u75ab\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ec5\u6709\u201c\u9664\u4e86\u534e\u5357\u798f\u5efa\uff0c\u5c1a\u672a\u53d1\u73b0\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u5730\u533a\u201d\u5be5\u5be5\u4e00\u53e5(101)\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u30021940\u5e7410\u6708\u30011941\u5e7411\u6708\u95f4\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u6d59\u6c5f\u8862\u5dde\u3001\u5b81\u6ce2\uff0c\u6e56\u5357\u5e38\u5fb7\u7b49\u5730\u5b9e\u65bd\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u5e26\u6709\u9f20\u75ab\u6746\u83cc\u7684\u8df3\u86a4\u88ab\u6295\u653e\u81f3\u5f53\u5730\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5927\u91cf\u4eba\u5458\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u9f20\u75ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e5\u519b\u5f00\u5c55\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u65e9\u5df2\u4e3a\u4e2d\u65e5\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u6240\u786e\u8bc1\u3002(102)\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e0e\u65e5\u519b\u7ec6\u83cc\u90e8\u961f\u5177\u6709\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5176\u5173\u4e8e\u9f20\u75ab\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u4ec5\u67093\u7bc7\u3002(103)\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u4e5f\u672a\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6d59\u6c5f\u3001\u6e56\u5357\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u5404\u5730\u9f20\u75ab\u6d41\u884c\u5730\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u4f3c\u53ef\u63a8\u77e5\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u9635\u8425\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e0e\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u5c31\u5177\u4f53\u75c5\u79cd\u4e4b\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5206\u5de5\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u5916\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u6027\u75c5\u3001\u9e26\u7247\u4e2d\u6bd2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u3002\u6027\u75c5\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u591a\u5728\u5404\u5730\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u6216\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u6885\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u7279\u6b8a\u201d\u5987\u4eba\u30021942\u5e7410-12\u6708\uff0c\u5f20\u5bb6\u53e3\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5bf9\u5f53\u5730\u4e2d\u65e5\u201c\u7279\u6b8a\u201d\u5987\u4eba\u7684\u68c0\u6885\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u5987\u5973\u7f79\u60a3\u6027\u75c5\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u5987\u5973\u76848-15\u500d\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5e08\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u56fd\u76f8\u5f53\u591a\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u7537\u5b50\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e8e\u5927\u9646\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5176\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0d\u5982\u56fd\u5185\u81ea\u7531\u2026\u2026\u4ed6\u4eec\u51fa\u4e8e\u6027\u4e4b\u672c\u80fd\u8086\u610f\u653e\u7eb5\u3002\u7136\u800c(\u2018\u7279\u6b8a\u2019\u5987\u5973)\u7f79\u60a3\u6027\u75c5\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e4b\u9ad8\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u80dc\u5bd2\u5fc3\u201d\u3002(104)<\/p>\n

\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u65e5\u6c11\u4f17\u6bd2\u54c1\u4e2d\u6bd2\u60c5\u51b5\u4e4b\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u5f00\u5c55\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\u63a7\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u5317\u4eac\u6148\u5584\u6212\u70df\u6240(1940\u5e741\u6708\u8bbe\u7acb)\u4e0e\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5357\u4eac\u8bca\u7597\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u7684\u6212\u70df\u79d1(1942\u5e743\u6708\u8bbe\u7acb)\u30021940-1943\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u534e\u5317\u536b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5bf9\u5f53\u5730500\u4f8b\u5438\u6bd2\u65e5\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u201c\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5185\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u91cd\u75c7\u7684\u4e2d\u6bd2\u8005\u60c5\u51b5\u4ee4\u4eba\u9707\u60ca\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u89e6\u8eab\u5fc3\u843d\u9b44\u7684\u56fd\u4eba\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u7981\u4e3a\u6211\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u672a\u6765\u6df1\u611f\u62c5\u5fe7\u201d\u3002(105)\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7f79\u60a3\u70df\u6bd2\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u4e4b\u533b\u5e08\u4ea6\u8bf4\u5f97\u5f88\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u201c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6c89\u6eba\u4e8e\u6d77\u6d1b\u56e0\u7b49\uff0c\u5f52\u6839\u5230\u5e95\u4e43\u56e0\u83b7\u5f97\u6b64\u7269\u8fdc\u6bd4\u56fd\u5185\u5bb9\u6613\u201d\u3002(106)\u4ee4\u533b\u5e08\u4eec\u5403\u60ca\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u4f2a\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\uff0c1943\u5e74\u65f6\u5357\u4eac\u767b\u8bb0\u5438\u98df\u9e26\u7247\u8005\u51711728\u540d\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u5438\u70df\u6240\u5171339\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u8f833\u5e74\u524d\u6c6a\u4f2a\u653f\u5e9c\u6210\u7acb\u65f6\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u5927\u4e3a\u589e\u957f\u3002(107)\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5173\u4e8e\u6027\u75c5\u4e0e\u6bd2\u54c1\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u662f\u5bf9\u7279\u6b8a\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e5f\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u6c11\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u653e\u7eb5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7531\u6b64\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u8eab\u5fc3\u5065\u5eb7\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4e3a\u7ec6\u83cc\u90e8\u961f\u6240\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u539f731\u90e8\u961f\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u72af\u5ddd\u5c9b\u6e05\u6218\u540e\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5b8c\u5168\u4e86\u89e3\u5f53\u65f6\u94c3\u6728\u77e5\u51c6\u7b49\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u6cbb\u7597\u9e26\u7247\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u8d5e\u8d4f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002(108)<\/p>\n

\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8fd8\u5bf9\u5404\u5730\u98ce\u571f\u4eba\u60c5\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u8c13\u4e94\u82b1\u516b\u95e8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f00\u5c01\u8bca\u7597\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u5bf9\u5f53\u5730\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u4e3b\u98df\u5c0f\u9ea6\u3001\u9ad8\u7cb1\u3001\u7c9f\u7684\u8425\u517b\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u201c\u521d\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u6781\u7c97\u7cd9\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u5e38\u98df\uff0c\u5728\u8425\u517b\u5b66\u4e0a\u5374\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u5c06\u534e\u5317\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u98df\u7565\u52a0\u6539\u826f\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u9002\u5e94\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u4e4b\u996e\u98df\u55dc\u597d\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u98df\u7cae\u201d\u3002(109)\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bf8\u5982\u6b64\u7c7b\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u533b\u5e08\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u5730\u8c03\u67e5\u5404\u79cd\u75be\u75c5\u6ecb\u751f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u571f\u58e4\uff0c\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\u63d0\u4f9b\u5404\u79cd\u536b\u751f\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5e08\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u884c\u5f84\u4e0e\u5f53\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u533b\u7684\u6240\u4e3a\u5e76\u65e0\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u533b\u5b66\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u53d7\u5230\u4e2d\u5916\u6ce8\u76ee\uff0c\u9664\u68c0\u6885\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0e\u5f3a\u5236\u75ab\u82d7\u6ce8\u5c04\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u8fdd\u53cd\u533b\u5b66\u4f26\u7406\u4e4b\u884c\u5f84\uff0c\u8f83\u4e3a\u9690\u79d8\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u8bd5\u4e3e3\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u4e3a\u4e86\u7814\u5236\u6591\u75b9\u4f24\u5bd2\u75ab\u82d7\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u57f9\u80b2\u8863\u8671\u3002(110)\u7531\u4e8e\u8863\u8671\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u9700\u8981\u5438\u98df\u5e38\u4eba\u8840\u6db2\uff0c\u6545\u800c\u8be5\u5904\u96c7\u7528\u4e864\u540d\u82e6\u529b\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e5\u5c06\u6570\u4e2a\u5c0f\u76d2\u72b6\u9972\u8671\u7bb1\u7ed1\u4e8e\u5176\u817f\u90e8\uff0c\u4f9b\u8671\u5438\u98df\u8840\u6db2\u3002\u533b\u5e08\u5728\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c1\u76d2\u8671\u5b50(400-600\u53ea)\u82e5\u6bcf\u6b21\u5438\u88401cc\uff0c1\u65e5\u4f9b20-30\u4e2a\u76d2\u5b50\u5438\u8840\u7684\u82e6\u529b\u5c31\u4f1a\u5931\u884040-60cc(\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u7ea61800cc)\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8c61\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u91cf\u2026\u2026\u5e78\u800c\u5728\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\uff0c\u8863\u8671\u7684\u9972\u517b\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u5904\u6682\u4e14\u4e3a\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u66b4\u9732\u4e8e\u8be5\u75c5\u611f\u67d3\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\uff0c\u7740\u624b\u751f\u4ea7\u8fd9\u79cd\u75ab\u82d7\u3002\u201d(111)<\/p>\n

\u5f90\u5dde\u8bca\u7597\u9632\u75ab\u73ed\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5916\u754c\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u836f\u6db2\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0e\u4eba\u8111\u810a\u9ad3\u6db2\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5bf9\u5065\u5eb7\u7537\u602718\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4eba\u8111\u810a\u9ad3\u6db2\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u6d4b\u5b9a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u533b\u5e08\u5728\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u201c\u5bf9\u88ab\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8005\u5c0f\u8111\u5ef6\u9ad3\u69fd\u8fdb\u884c\u7a7f\u523a\u3002\u2026\u2026\u5982\u679c\u7a7f\u523a\u8fc7\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0a\u81c2\u53ca\u8138\u90e8\u5c31\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u7535\u51fb\u4e4b\u75db\u82e6\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u5934\u6655\u773c\u82b1\u201d\u3002\u8be5\u73ed\u533b\u5e08\u53e6\u5bf9\u60a3\u6709\u6d41\u884c\u6027\u8111\u810a\u9ad3\u819c\u708e\u768410\u540d\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5e74\u9f84\u6700\u5c0f\u8005\u4ec54\u5c81\u3002\u8be5\u73ed\u8fd8\u5bf9\u6b63\u5e38\u4eba\u6ce8\u5c04\u4f24\u5bd2\u3001\u526f\u4f24\u5bd2\u83cc\u6df7\u5408\u75ab\u82d7\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5176\u8111\u810a\u9ad3\u6db2\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002(112)<\/p>\n

\u56e01944\u5e748\u670826\u65e5\u5317\u4eac\u51fa\u73b0\u4e861\u4f8b\u970d\u4e71\uff0c\u534e\u5317\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5bf9\u5148\u519c\u575b\u4e5e\u4e10\u6536\u5bb9\u6240\u5185\u6536\u7559\u76841700\u540d\u4e5e\u4e10\u5f3a\u5236\u8fdb\u884c\u9632\u75ab\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u8be5\u5904\u201c\u4e3a\u4e86\u638c\u63e1\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4f17\u4e2d\u643a\u5e26\u8d64\u75e2\u3001\u4f24\u5bd2\u3001\u526f\u4f24\u5bd2\u53ca\u98df\u7269\u4e2d\u6bd2\u7b49\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5bf9\u6d3b\u7740\u7684\u4e5e\u4e10\u53ca\u5c38\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u7ec6\u83cc\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u638c\u63e1\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u75d8\u6bd2\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u6027\uff0c\u201c\u7528\u672c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u65b0\u7814\u5236\u7684\u53d1\u75d8\u529b\u5f3a\u7684\u75ab\u82d7\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u76841018\u4eba\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u79cd\u75d8\uff0c\u5e76\u89c2\u5bdf\u63a5\u79cd\u7684\u6548\u679c\u201d\u3002\u533b\u5e08\u4eec\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e43\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u63a5\u8fd180\uff05\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u90fd\u662f\u4e0b\u5c42\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u6216\u4e3a\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u63d0\u4f9b\u82e5\u5e72\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u201d\u3002(113)<\/p>\n

\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u5371\u9669\u6027\uff0c\u5e26\u7ed9\u88ab\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8005\u8eab\u5fc3\u4e4b\u75db\u82e6\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u89c1\u3002\u6218\u65f6\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8fdd\u53cd\u533b\u5b66\u4f26\u7406\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4e0e731\u7b49\u7ec6\u83cc\u90e8\u961f\u201c\u6d3b\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u201d\u201c\u6d3b\u4f53\u89e3\u5256\u201d\u4e4b\u6b8b\u5fcd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5c1a\u5c5e\u5c0f\u5deb\u89c1\u5927\u5deb\uff0c\u4f46\u5c31\u5176\u5185\u542b\u7684\u519b\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u610f\u8bc6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5e76\u65e0\u672c\u8d28\u5dee\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u7ed3\u8bed<\/p>\n

\u5982\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u6218\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5bf9\u534e\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5145\u5f53\u4e86\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6267\u884c\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5404\u79cd\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5927\u81f4\u80fd\u591f\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5305\u62ec\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u9632\u75ab\u4e1a\u52a1\u53ca\u533b\u4e8b\u536b\u751f\u4e0a\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\u8fd9\u4e09\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u4e4b\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u5f52\u7eb3\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e5\u519b\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7531\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d3e\u5f80\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5404\u5730\u7684\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u6765\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002\u5404\u73ed\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u7b49\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u6307\u6325\u4e0b\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u514d\u8d39\u533b\u7597\u7b49\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5b89\u629a\u5e95\u5c42\u6c11\u4f17\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u65e5\u672c\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\uff0c\u8fd8\u53d7\u65e5\u519b\u7279\u52a1\u673a\u5173\u7684\u59d4\u6258\uff0c\u5bf9\u6170\u5b89\u5987\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u6885\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u5176\u6d3e\u5f80\u534e\u5317\u3001\u534e\u4e2d\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u73ed(\u5904)\u6765\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u9632\u75ab\u673a\u6784\u53d7\u5f53\u5730\u9632\u75ab\u7ed9\u6c34\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u6307\u6325\u4e0e\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u5bf9\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u68c0\u75ab\u3001\u75ab\u82d7\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u5236\u9020\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u4e1a\u52a1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e5\u519b\u7ec6\u83cc\u90e8\u961f\u9632\u75ab\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u5904\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u534e\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u5916\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u5927\u9646\u533b\u5b66\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u540d\u4e49\u4e0b\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u5404\u5730\u7684\u536b\u751f\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5bf9\u5404\u5730\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5e08\u8fd8\u5bf9\u5e95\u5c42\u6c11\u4f17\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u79c1\u6b32\uff0c\u800c\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u5219\u4ece\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u536b\u751f\u60c5\u62a5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u9690\u79d8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u6218\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u5229\u7528\u4ee5\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u672c\u56fd\u533b\u754c\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u83b7\u53d6\u6c11\u5fc3\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u81ea\u8eab\u536b\u751f\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53d1\u5c55\u6b96\u6c11\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u7efc\u5408\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5efa\u7acb\u4ee5\u65e5\u672c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u536b\u751f\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u89d2\u7684\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u8bf8\u591a\u5b9e\u5229\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5176\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u4f9d\u9644\u30021937\u5e74\u6297\u6218\u524d\u5915\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u534e\u7684\u536b\u751f\u673a\u5173\uff0c\u4ec5\u67094\u6240\u76f4\u5c5e\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u6240\u8f96\u533b\u5e08\u6570\u5341\u4eba\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5e93\u5f53\u5e74\u5bf9\u4e4b\u8865\u52a9\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc770.9\u4e07\u65e5\u5143\uff1b\u81f31943\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u7684\u536b\u751f\u673a\u5173\uff0c\u5df2\u8fbe\u5230\u7ea670\u6240\uff0c\u4e0b\u8f96\u804c\u5458\u7ea65000\u540d\uff0c\u5f53\u5e74\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5e93\u5bf9\u4e4b\u8865\u52a9\uff0c\u9ad8\u8fbe990.2\u4e07\u65e5\u5143\u3002(114)\u5728\u65e5\u519b\u7684\u6b66\u529b\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u9f13\u697c\u533b\u9662\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u4ec1\u6d4e\u533b\u9662\u7b4923\u5bb6\u5916\u8d44\u533b\u9662\u5148\u540e\u88ab\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u63a5\u6536\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u57fa\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u536b\u751f\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5784\u65ad\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6218\u65f6\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u7684\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0e\u65e5\u519b\u5bf9\u534e\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\uff0c\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u754c\u53c2\u4e0e\u4fb5\u534e\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u4f46\u4e0e\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u9690\u79d8\u6027\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u7684\u533b\u7597\u201c\u5ba3\u629a\u201d\u7b49\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u516c\u5f00\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u611f\u89c2\u4e0d\u4e00\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u770b\u5230\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u5360\u636e\u65e7\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u5173\uff0c\u611f\u6168\u5c71\u6cb3\u7834\u788e\uff0c\u201c\u6ee1\u76ee\u75ae\u75cd\u201d\u3002(115)\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u9644\u548c\u65e5\u4f2a\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u79f0\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u9662\u201c\u603b\u5f97\u50cf\u65e5\u672c\u4e00\u6837\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5de1\u56de\u8bca\u7597\u73ed\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e61\u6751\u7684\u4fdd\u5065\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u666e\u53ca\u536b\u751f\u601d\u60f3\u201d\u3002(116)\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ee5\u7b14\u8005\u6709\u9650\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u6218\u65f6\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u89c2\u611f\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\u89c1\u3002\u63a8\u5176\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6216\u6b63\u5982\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u533b\u5e08\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u5185\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u6c11\u4f17\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u53c8\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e66\u5199\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6216\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u4e8e\u6297\u6218\u672b\u671f\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u4e8e\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u6e05\u6670\u5448\u73b0\u3002\u968f\u77401945\u5e748\u6708\u65e5\u672c\u6218\u8d25\u7684\u4e34\u8fd1\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u7684\u536b\u751f\u673a\u6784\u9677\u5165\u762b\u75ea\uff0c\u201c\u4e1c\u4eac\u672c\u90e8\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8005\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u514d\u9664\u6218\u72af\u6307\u63a7\uff0c\u4e00\u7247\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u8d44\u6599\u7686\u65e0\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u201d\u3002(117)1946\u5e741\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u88ab\u9a7b\u65e5\u76df\u519b\u603b\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\u4ee5\u201c\u534f\u52a9\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u6218\u65f6\u65e5\u519b\u7684\u4fb5\u7565\u6d3b\u52a8\u201d\u4e4b\u540d\u4e49\u52d2\u4ee4\u89e3\u6563\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u7684\u536b\u751f\u673a\u6784\u9646\u7eed\u4e3a\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u63a5\u6536\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u5e08\u5219\u88ab\u9063\u8fd4\u56de\u56fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u56e0\u8eab\u5904\u5185\u9646\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u56fd\u5171\u4e24\u519b\uff0c\u4e2a\u522b\u533b\u5e08\u751a\u81f31949\u5e74\u540e\u5b9a\u5c45\u5927\u9646\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u65b0\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u653f\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u8981\uff1a\u6297\u6218\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a\u5229\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u6269\u5f20\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u534e\u6700\u5927\u7684\u533b\u7597\u536b\u751f\u56e2\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u6218\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5bf9\u534e\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u4ec1\u4f1a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[17],"tags":[15523,7676,4148],"views":359,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50723"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=50723"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50723\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":51320,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50723\/revisions\/51320"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=50723"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=50723"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=50723"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}