{"id":52409,"date":"2025-05-06T06:08:25","date_gmt":"2025-05-05T22:08:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=52409"},"modified":"2025-05-06T06:08:25","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T22:08:25","slug":"%e4%b8%ad%e4%b8%96%e7%ba%aa%e8%91%a1%e8%90%84%e7%89%99-%e5%b0%8f%e5%9b%bd%e9%9b%84%e5%bf%83","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=52409","title":{"rendered":"\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u8461\u8404\u7259\u2014\u5c0f\u56fd\u96c4\u5fc3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u6765\u6e90: \u82b1\u767d\u5386\u53f2\u4e16\u754c<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/q5.itc.cn\/images01\/20250323\/0097a99a8876443281e437ce232e48a4.jpeg\" width=\"327\" height=\"191\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>15\u4e16\u7eaa\u8ba9\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u74e6\u592b\u5170\uff08Jean de Wavrin\uff09\u7ed8\u5236\u7684\u963f\u5c14\u8339\u5df4\u7f57\u5854\u6218\u5f79\u63d2\u56fe \/ \u5927\u82f1\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff0c\u7ef4\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8461\u8404\u7259\u738b\u56fd\u4e8e12\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u7531\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4f2f\u7235\u9886\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u7531\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7684\u52c3\u826e\u7b2c\u5bb6\u65cf\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u6fb3\u95e8\uff0c\u800c\u6fb3\u95e8\u5c31\u662f\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4e00\u5ea6\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b56\u5212\/\u5ba1\u9605\uff1a\u9a6c\u4fee\u00b7A\u00b7\u9ea6\u91d1\u6258\u4ec0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u516c\u5171\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5f15\u8a00<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8461\u8404\u7259\u738b\u56fd\u4e8e12\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ece\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4f2f\u7235\u9886\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u7531\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7684\u52c3\u826e\u7b2c\u5bb6\u65cf\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002\u572812\u4e16\u7eaa\u548c13\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u5176\u5386\u53f2\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4ece\u5f53\u65f6\u5404\u4e2a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5c0f\u738b\u56fd\uff08\u6cf0\u6cd5\uff09\u9010\u6b65\u6536\u590d\u9886\u571f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e09\u4e16\uff08Afonso III\uff09\u767b\u57fa\u540e\u57fa\u672c\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u79f0\u201c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u52a0\u7ef4\u56fd\u738b\u201d\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ece1279\u5e74\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e09\u4e16\u53bb\u4e16\u52301415\u5e74\u8461\u8404\u7259\u5e1d\u56fd\u5f00\u59cb\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5305\u62ec1383-1385\u5e74\u7684\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7a7a\u4f4d\u671f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u968f\u540e\u4ece\u52c3\u826e\u7b2c\u5bb6\u65cf\u5230\u963f\u7ef4\u4ec0\u738b\u671d\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u80cc\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/q8.itc.cn\/images01\/20250323\/4cc700929f7e4cb1b3bea625a1133b16.jpeg\" width=\"290\" height=\"309\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8fd9\u5f20\u5730\u56fe\u663e\u793a\u4e8612-13\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5b89\u8fbe\u5362\u65af\uff08\u963f\u5c14\u6469\u54c8\u5fb7\u738b\u671d\uff09\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u738b\u56fd\u3002\u5730\u56fe\u57fa\u4e8e\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7R\u00b7\u8c22\u6cfc\u5fb7\uff08William R. Shepherd\uff091926\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u5386\u53f2\u5730\u56fe\u96c6\u300b\u3002\/ \u7ef4\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>11\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u6b27\u6d32\u5404\u5730\u7684\u5341\u5b57\u519b\u9a91\u58eb\u524d\u6765\u63f4\u52a9\u83b1\u6602\u3001\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u548c\u963f\u62c9\u8d21\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u5bf9\u6297\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5192\u9669\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u52c3\u826e\u7b2c\u7684\u4ea8\u5229\uff08Henry of Burgundy\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e8e1095\u5e74\u4e0e\u83b1\u6602\u7684\u7279\u857e\u838e\uff08Teresa of Le\u00f3n\uff09\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u662f\u83b1\u6602\u548c\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u56fd\u738b\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u516d\u4e16\uff08Alfonso VI\uff09\u7684\u79c1\u751f\u5973\u3002\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4f2f\u7235\u9886\u88ab\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u7279\u857e\u838e\u7684\u5ac1\u5986\u4e2d\u3002\u4ea8\u5229\u4f2f\u7235\u4f5c\u4e3a\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u516d\u4e16\u7684\u5c01\u81e3\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u52a0\u5229\u897f\u4e9a\u8fb9\u5883\u514d\u53d7\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u7684\u7a81\u88ad\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c1109\u5e74\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u516d\u4e16\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u9886\u571f\u9057\u8d60\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u5973\u513f\u4e4c\u62c9\u5361\uff08Urraca of Le\u00f3n\uff09\uff0c\u4ea8\u5229\u4f2f\u7235\u7acb\u5373\u5165\u4fb5\u83b1\u6602\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4ee5\u727a\u7272\u5176\u5b97\u4e3b\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5c06\u5176\u7eb3\u5165\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9886\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e09\u5e74\u4e0e\u4e4c\u62c9\u5361\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u83b1\u6602\u738b\u4f4d\u7ade\u4e89\u8005\u7684\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u4ea8\u5229\u4f2f\u7235\u4e8e1112\u5e74\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u4ed6\u7684\u9057\u5b40\u7279\u857e\u838e\u5728\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u513f\u5b50\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u00b7\u6069\u91cc\u514b\u65af\uff08Afonso Henriques\uff09\u7684\u76d1\u62a4\u4e0b\u7edf\u6cbb\u8499\u5fb7\u6208\u6cb3\u4ee5\u5317\u7684\u8461\u8404\u7259\uff1b\u8499\u5fb7\u6208\u6cb3\u4ee5\u5357\uff0c\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u4ecd\u7136\u5360\u636e\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7279\u857e\u838e\u57281116-1117\u5e74\u518d\u6b21\u4e0e\u5979\u7684\u540c\u7236\u5f02\u6bcd\u59d0\u59d0\u517c\u5b97\u4e3b\u4e4c\u62c9\u5361\u5f00\u6218\uff0c1120\u5e74\u518d\u6b21\u5f00\u6218\uff1b1121\u5e74\uff0c\u5979\u5728\u62c9\u5c3c\u5965\u7d22\uff08Lanhoso\uff09\u88ab\u56f4\u56f0\u5e76\u88ab\u4fd8\u3002\u4f46\u5e03\u62c9\u52a0\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u8fed\u6208\u00b7\u8d6b\u5c14\u7c73\u96f7\u65af\uff08Diego Gelm\u00edrez\uff09\u548c\u5e03\u5c14\u8fea\u8bfa\uff08Burdino\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u8c08\u5224\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u548c\u5e73\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u654c\u5bf9\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u519b\u4e8b\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5236\u5b9a\u6761\u6b3e\u3002\u4e24\u4f4d\u4e3b\u6559\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u5ac9\u5992\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u58f0\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u201c\u5168\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u201d\u7684\u9996\u5e2d\u4e3b\u6559\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5bf9\u6297\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u8461\u8404\u7259\u5206\u79bb\u4e3b\u4e49\u503e\u5411\u7684\u589e\u957f\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u8d6b\u5c14\u7c73\u96f7\u65af\u548c\u5e03\u5c14\u8fea\u8bfa\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u5176\u9886\u571f\u5185\u7684\u738b\u5b50\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u6709\u7406\u7531\u62c5\u5fc3\u4e4c\u62c9\u5361\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u8fbe\u6210\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7279\u857e\u838e\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u5e76\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f5c\u4e3a\u83b1\u6602\u7684\u5c01\u81e3\u6301\u6709\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4f2f\u7235\u9886\u3002\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4e94\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u5979\u5c06\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u5934\u8854\u6177\u6168\u5730\u8d60\u4e88\u5979\u7684\u60c5\u4eba\u7279\u62c9\u74e6\u4f2f\u7235\u8d39\u5c14\u5357\u591a\u00b7\u4f69\u96f7\u65af\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u7279\u62c9\u5df4\uff08Fernando P\u00e9rez de Traba\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u758f\u8fdc\u4e86\u5979\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u3001\u5e03\u62c9\u52a0\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u548c\u8d35\u65cf\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u00b7\u6069\u91cc\u514b\u65af\uff08\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u4ea8\u5229\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u201d\uff09\u8301\u58ee\u6210\u957f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7537\u5b69\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e1109\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c1112\u5e74\u5728\u5176\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7684\u76d1\u62a4\u4e0b\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u4eb2\u6210\u4e3a\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4f2f\u7235\u3002\u7279\u857e\u838e\u4e0e\u513f\u5b50\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u53d8\u5f97\u7d27\u5f20\u3002\u5e74\u4ec511\u5c81\u7684\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0e\u6bcd\u4eb2\u5927\u76f8\u5f84\u5ead\u30021120\u5e74\uff0c\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u738b\u5b50\u7ad9\u5728\u7279\u857e\u838e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5bf9\u624b\u5e03\u62c9\u52a0\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u4e00\u8fb9\uff0c\u4e24\u4eba\u90fd\u88ab\u5979\u4e0b\u4ee4\u6d41\u653e\u3002\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\u91cc\u8fdc\u79bb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f2f\u7235\u9886\uff0c\u5728\u4e3b\u6559\u76d1\u62a4\u4e0b\u751f\u6d3b\u30021122\u5e74\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u5e74\u6ee114\u5c81\uff0c\u8fd9\u572812\u4e16\u7eaa\u5df2\u662f\u6210\u5e74\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u8428\u83ab\u62c9\u5927\u6559\u5802\uff08Zamora Cathedral\uff09\u81ea\u884c\u5c01\u4e3a\u9a91\u58eb\uff0c\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u652f\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9886\u5730\u3002\u5728\u5409\u9a6c\u826f\u65af\uff08Guimar\u00e3es\uff09\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5723\u9a6c\u6885\u5fb7\u6218\u5f79\uff08Battle of S\u00e3o Mamede\uff0c1128\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u51fb\u8d25\u4e86\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7684\u60c5\u4eba\u517c\u76df\u53cb\u7279\u62c9\u74e6\u4f2f\u7235\u8d39\u5c14\u5357\u591a\u00b7\u4f69\u96f7\u65af\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u7279\u62c9\u5df4\u7684\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u5c06\u5979\u56da\u7981\u5e76\u6c38\u8fdc\u6d41\u653e\u5230\u83b1\u6602\u7684\u4e00\u5ea7\u4fee\u9053\u9662\u3002\u5979\u4e8e1130\u5e74\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u53bb\u4e16\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u5728\u4f2f\u7235\u9886\u4eba\u6c11\u3001\u6559\u4f1a\u548c\u8d35\u65cf\u8981\u6c42\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u547c\u58f0\u4e0b\u6210\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\uff08\u8461\u8404\u7259\u516c\u7235\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u51fb\u8d25\u4e86\u540d\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5b97\u4e3b\u83b1\u6602\u548c\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u56fd\u738b\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e03\u4e16\uff08Alfonso VII\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u4f2f\u7235\u9886\u6446\u8131\u4e86\u5bf9\u83b1\u6602\u738b\u51a0\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4f9d\u8d56\u30021129\u5e744\u67086\u65e5\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u00b7\u6069\u91cc\u514b\u65af\u9881\u5e03\u8bcf\u4e66\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u81ea\u5df1\u4e3a\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4eb2\u738b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u968f\u540e\u5c06\u77db\u5934\u8f6c\u5411\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6218\u5f79\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u6210\u529f\uff0c1139\u5e747\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u5965\u91cc\u57fa\u6218\u5f79\uff08Battle of Ourique\uff09\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u538b\u5012\u6027\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u88ab\u58eb\u5175\u4eec\u4e00\u81f4\u63a8\u4e3e\u4e3a\u8461\u8404\u7259\u56fd\u738b\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u83b1\u6602\u7684\u9644\u5eb8\u4f2f\u7235\u9886\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u738b\u56fd\u3002\u968f\u540e\u4ed6\u5728\u62c9\u6885\u6208\uff08Lamego\uff09\u53ec\u5f00\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e09\u7ea7\u4f1a\u8bae\uff08estates-general\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4f1a\u4e0a\u4ece\u5e03\u62c9\u52a0\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u624b\u4e2d\u63a5\u8fc7\u738b\u51a0\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f17\u4e16\u7eaa\u5bf9\u8461\u8404\u7259\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7f8e\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u72ec\u7acb\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5355\u65b9\u9762\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u3002\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4ecd\u9700\u5f97\u5230\u90bb\u56fd\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5f97\u5230\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4f1a\u548c\u6559\u7687\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\u3002\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e0e\u8428\u4f0f\u4f9d\u4f2f\u7235\u963f\u9a6c\u5fb7\u4e4c\u65af\u4e09\u4e16\uff08Amadeus III\uff09\u7684\u5973\u513f\u739b\u8482\u5c14\u8fbe\uff08Matilda of Savoy\uff09\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u5e76\u6d3e\u9063\u4f7f\u8005\u524d\u5f80\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e0e\u6559\u7687\u8c08\u5224\u3002\u5728\u8461\u8404\u7259\uff0c\u4ed6\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u51e0\u5ea7\u4fee\u9053\u9662\u548c\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u5e76\u6388\u4e88\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u6743\u30021143\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u4fe1\u7ed9\u6559\u7687\u82f1\u8bfa\u68ee\u4e8c\u4e16\uff08Pope Innocent II\uff09\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u738b\u56fd\u4e3a\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u4ec6\u4eba\uff0c\u53d1\u8a93\u8981\u5c06\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u8d76\u51fa\u4f0a\u6bd4\u5229\u4e9a\u534a\u5c9b\u3002\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u7ed5\u8fc7\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u6216\u83b1\u6602\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u738b\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u81ea\u5df1\u76f4\u63a5\u6548\u5fe0\u4e8e\u6559\u7687\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6297\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u7684\u529f\u7ee9\u8457\u79f0\uff0c1147\u5e74\u4ed6\u4ece\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\u593a\u53d6\u4e86\u5723\u5854\u4f26\uff08Santar\u00e9m\uff09\u548c\u91cc\u65af\u672c\uff08Lisbon\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u5f81\u670d\u4e86\u5854\u970d\u6cb3\uff08Tagus River\uff09\u4ee5\u5357\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u571f\u5730\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\u91cc\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u593a\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u7684\u8868\u5144\u83b1\u6602\u56fd\u738b\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e03\u4e16\uff08Alfonso VII\uff09\u5c06\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u89c6\u4e3a\u53db\u5f92\u3002\u4e24\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\u91cc\u6301\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u4e14\u6fc0\u70c8\u3002\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u5377\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728\u963f\u62c9\u8d21\u56fd\u738b\u4e00\u8fb9\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u662f\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e03\u4e16\u7684\u654c\u4eba\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u8054\u76df\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u6851\u4e54\uff08Sancho\uff09\u4e0e\u5df4\u585e\u7f57\u90a3\u4f2f\u7235\u7684\u59b9\u59b9\u3001\u963f\u62c9\u8d21\u516c\u4e3b\u675c\u5c14\u585e\uff08Dulce\uff09\u8ba2\u5a5a\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c1143\u5e74\uff0c\u300a\u8428\u83ab\u62c9\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff08Treaty of Zamora\uff09\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u8868\u5144\u5f1f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u548c\u5e73\uff0c\u83b1\u6602\u738b\u56fd\u627f\u8ba4\u8461\u8404\u7259\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u738b\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u5730\u5728\u8fb9\u5883\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6216\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u90bb\u5c45\u4f5c\u6218\u30021143\u5e74\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc712\u5e74\u7684\u52a0\u5229\u897f\u4e9a\u8fb9\u5883\u6218\u5f79\uff0c\u300a\u8428\u83ab\u62c9\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u88ab\u627f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u4f0a\u6bd4\u5229\u4e9a\u541b\u4e3b\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u627f\u8bfa\u6210\u4e3a\u6559\u7687\u7684\u5fe0\u5b9e\u5c01\u81e3\uff0c\u5e76\u6bcf\u5e74\u5411\u4ed6\u7f34\u7eb3\u56db\u76ce\u53f8\u9ec4\u91d1\u7684\u8d21\u54c1\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c1167\u5e74\u6218\u4e89\u518d\u6b21\u7206\u53d1\u3002\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u6210\u529f\u5f81\u670d\u4e86\u52a0\u5229\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8bd5\u56fe\u593a\u53d6\u8fb9\u5883\u8981\u585e\u5df4\u8fbe\u970d\u65af\uff08Badajoz\uff09\u65f6\u53d7\u4f24\uff0c\u88ab\u8feb\u5411\u83b1\u6602\u7684\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u4e8c\u4e16\uff08Ferdinand II of Le\u00f3n\uff0c1169\u5e74\uff09\u6295\u964d\u3002\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u5973\u5a7f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u5165\u4fb5\u8feb\u5728\u7709\u776b\u800c\u5bf9\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5bbd\u5927\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5165\u4fb5\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u63f4\u52a9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u5728\u627f\u8bfa\u653e\u5f03\u4ed6\u5728\u52a0\u5229\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5f81\u670d\u540e\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1179\u5e74\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u7279\u6743\u548c\u6069\u60e0\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u56de\u62a5\u3002\u5728\u6559\u7687\u8bcf\u4e66\u300aManifestis Probatum\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6559\u7687\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u4e09\u4e16\uff08Pope Alexander III\uff09\u627f\u8ba4\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e3a\u56fd\u738b\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6709\u6743\u4ece\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\u5f81\u670d\u571f\u5730\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u6559\u7687\u7684\u795d\u798f\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5e76\u514d\u53d7\u83b1\u6602\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u541e\u5e76\u4f01\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1184\u5e74\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5e74\u4e8b\u5df2\u9ad8\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u56fd\u738b\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4ecd\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u89e3\u6551\u88ab\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u56f4\u56f0\u5728\u5723\u5854\u4f26\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u6851\u4e54\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4e45\u540e\u4e8e1185\u5e7412\u67086\u65e5\u53bb\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7684\u6536\u590d\u5931\u5730\u8fd0\u52a8<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/q0.itc.cn\/images01\/20250323\/746e664e1a4a408d91efd1b6d0a3f605.jpeg\" width=\"327\" height=\"255\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>1157\u5e74\u7684\u8461\u8404\u7259\u548c\u4f0a\u6bd4\u5229\u4e9a\u534a\u5c9b \/ \u7ef4\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5bf9\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7edf\u6cbb\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u652f\u6491\u963f\u5c14\u6469\u62c9\u7ef4\u5fb7\u738b\u671d\uff08Almoravid dynasty\uff09\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u72c2\u70ed\u8fc5\u901f\u6d88\u9000\uff1b\u5728\u8461\u8404\u7259\uff0c\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u914b\u957f\u7edf\u6cbb\u7740\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u5c0f\u6cf0\u6cd5\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u65e0\u89c6\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\uff1b\u5728\u975e\u6d32\uff0c\u963f\u5c14\u6469\u54c8\u5fb7\u738b\u671d\uff08Almohades\uff09\u6b63\u5728\u6467\u6bc1\u963f\u5c14\u6469\u62c9\u7ef4\u5fb7\u738b\u671d\u7684\u6b8b\u4f59\u52bf\u529b\u3002\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u6b67\u5165\u4fb5\u963f\u8fde\u7279\u8339\uff08Alentejo\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5723\u6bbf\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\uff08Templars\uff09\u548c\u533b\u9662\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\uff08Knights Hospitaller\uff09\u7684\u589e\u63f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u603b\u90e8\u5206\u522b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6258\u9a6c\u5c14\uff08Tomar\uff09\u548c\u82cf\u96f7\uff08Soure\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1139\u5e747\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u963f\u8fde\u7279\u8339\u7684\u5965\u91cc\u57fa\u5e73\u539f\u4e0a\u51fb\u8d25\u4e86\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u7684\u8054\u5408\u519b\u961f\u3002[1] \u4f20\u8bf4\u5c06\u8fd9\u573a\u80dc\u5229\u5938\u5927\u4e3a\u4e94\u540d\u56fd\u738b\u7387\u9886\u768420\u4e07\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u519b\u961f\u7684\u6e83\u8d25\uff1b\u4f46\u8fd9\u573a\u6218\u6597\u8fdc\u975e\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e1140\u5e74\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u8fd8\u80fd\u593a\u53d6\u83b1\u91cc\u4e9a\uff08Leiria\uff09\u8981\u585e\uff0c\u8be5\u8981\u585e\u7531\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e8e1135\u5e74\u5efa\u9020\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4fdd\u536b\u5176\u9996\u90fd\u79d1\u82f1\u5e03\u62c9\uff08Coimbra\uff09\u7684\u524d\u54e8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>114?\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u82cf\u96f7\u51fb\u8d25\u4e86\u5723\u6bbf\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\u3002\u4f461147\u5e743\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u653b\u5360\u4e86\u5723\u5854\u4f26\u8981\u585e\uff0c[2] \u5927\u7ea6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e00\u961f\u524d\u5f80\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u7684\u5341\u5b57\u519b\u57281147\u5e746\u670816\u65e5\u767b\u9646\u6ce2\u5c14\u56fe\uff08Porto\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u613f\u53c2\u52a0\u5373\u5c06\u5230\u6765\u7684\u91cc\u65af\u672c\u56f4\u57ce\u6218\u3002[3] \u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6765\u81ea\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u3001\u4f5b\u5170\u5fb7\u65af\u548c\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u201c\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u8bf4\u670d\u5b9a\u5c45\u5728\u8461\u8404\u7259\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u518c\u5c01\u7684\u5e84\u56ed\u9886\u5730\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f3a\u5927\u76df\u53cb\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e8e1147\u5e7410\u670824\u65e5\u653b\u5360\u4e86\u91cc\u65af\u672c\u3002[4]<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u7edf\u6cbb\u65f6\u671f\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u5e15\u5c14\u6885\u62c9\uff08Palmela\uff09\u3001\u8f9b\u7279\u62c9\uff08Sintra\uff09\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u9a6c\u8fbe\uff08Almada\uff09\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u9a7b\u519b\u5f88\u5feb\u6295\u964d\uff0c1158\u5e74\uff0c\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u5546\u4e1a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e4b\u4e00\u963f\u5c14\u5361\u585e\u5c14\u00b7\u675c\u00b7\u8428\u5c14\uff08Alc\u00e1cer do Sal\uff09\u88ab\u653b\u5360\u3002[5] \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u963f\u5c14\u6469\u54c8\u5fb7\u54c8\u91cc\u53d1\u56fd\uff08Almohad Caliphate\uff09\u5728\u975e\u6d32\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u5e76\u5165\u4fb5\u4e86\u4f0a\u6bd4\u5229\u4e9a\u534a\u5c9b\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u963b\u6b62\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7684\u6536\u590d\u5931\u5730\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e00\u4e9b\u5341\u5b57\u519b\u5192\u9669\u8005\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5728\u963f\u8fde\u7279\u8339\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u636e\u70b9\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4f63\u5175\u662f\u65e0\u754f\u7684\u6770\u62c9\u5c14\u5fb7\uff08Gerald the Fearless\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e8e1165\u5e74\u653b\u5360\u4e86\u57c3\u6b66\u62c9\uff08\u00c9vora\uff09\u3002[6]<\/p>\n<p>1171\u5e74\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e0e\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u4e03\u5e74\u7684\u4f11\u6218\u534f\u8bae\uff1b\u7531\u4e8e\u53d7\u4f24\u548c\u5e74\u8001\u4f53\u5f31\uff0c\u4ed6\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u4e0a\u6218\u573a\uff0c\u5f53\u6218\u4e89\u518d\u6b21\u7206\u53d1\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u6325\u6743\u59d4\u6258\u7ed9\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u6851\u4e54\u30021179\u5e74\u81f31184\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u6536\u590d\u4e86\u963f\u8fde\u7279\u8339\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5931\u5730\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u80fd\u593a\u56de\u5723\u5854\u4f26\u548c\u91cc\u65af\u672c\u30021179\u5e74\uff0c\u6559\u7687\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u4e09\u4e16\u901a\u8fc7\u8bcf\u4e66\u300aManifestis Probatum\u300b\u627f\u8ba4\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u53ca\u5176\u7ee7\u627f\u4eba\u4e3a\u5176\u5408\u6cd5\u56fd\u738b\u3002[7] \u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e8e1185\u5e7412\u67086\u65e5\u53bb\u4e16\u3002[8] \u4ed6\u4e3a\u8461\u8404\u7259\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u72ec\u7acb\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8fb9\u754c\u4ece\u8499\u5fb7\u6208\u6cb3\u5411\u5357\u6269\u5c55\u81f3\u5854\u970d\u6cb3\u3002\u4ed6\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u8461\u8404\u7259\u6d77\u519b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u5f3a\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f00\u521b\u7684\u8bdd\uff09\u4e86\u738b\u5ba4\u4e0e\u519b\u4e8b\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f53\u7cfb\u540e\u6765\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6d77\u6d0b\u548c\u6b96\u6c11\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f30\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6851\u4e54\u4e00\u4e16\uff08Sancho I\uff09\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0e\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u4f5c\u6218\uff0c\u80dc\u8d1f\u53c2\u534a\u30021189\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u653b\u5360\u4e86\u963f\u5c14\u52a0\u7ef4\u7684\u9996\u5e9c\u9521\u5c14\u7ef4\u65af\uff08Silves\uff09\uff1b1192\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u963f\u5c14\u52a0\u7ef4\uff0c\u8fd8\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u963f\u8fde\u7279\u8339\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u963f\u5c14\u5361\u585e\u5c14\u00b7\u675c\u00b7\u8428\u5c14\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u88ab\u963f\u5c14\u6469\u54c8\u5fb7\u738b\u671d\u593a\u56de\u3002\u968f\u540e\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u548c\u5e73\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u516b\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u6851\u4e54\u4e0e\u83b1\u6602\u7684\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e5d\u4e16\uff08Alfonso IX of Le\u00f3n\uff09\u4ea4\u6218\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u65e0\u679c\u800c\u7ec8\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c1a\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u6218\u4e89\u4e8e1201\u5e74\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u6851\u4e54\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u6700\u540e\u5341\u5e74\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u5e73\u6539\u9769\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u4ed6\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u201c\u4eba\u53e3\u8005\u201d\uff08o Povoador\uff09\u7684\u7ef0\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u5411\u8bb8\u591a\u57ce\u5e02\u6388\u4e88\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u5baa\u7ae0\uff0c\u4f7f\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u9057\u7559\u7ed9\u897f\u54e5\u7279\u4eba\u5e76\u7531\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u4fdd\u7559\u6216\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u3002\u91cc\u65af\u672c\u5df2\u7ecf\u57281179\u5e74\u4ece\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e00\u4e16\u90a3\u91cc\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5baa\u7ae0\u3002\u6851\u4e54\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u5411\u519b\u4e8b\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\u548c\u5e02\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u6388\u4e88\u5e84\u56ed\u6765\u4fc3\u8fdb\u79fb\u6c11\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u5360\u9886\u8005\u5e94\u8015\u79cd\u6216\u6b96\u6c11\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7edf\u6cbb\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u6559\u7687\u82f1\u8bfa\u68ee\u4e09\u4e16\uff08Pope Innocent III\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e89\u6267\u3002\u4ed6\u575a\u6301\u8981\u6c42\u795e\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u968f\u519b\u4f5c\u6218\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u670d\u4ece\u4e16\u4fd7\u53f8\u6cd5\u7ba1\u8f96\uff0c\u6263\u7559\u4e86\u5e94\u7f34\u7eb3\u7ed9\u7f57\u9a6c\u7684\u8d21\u54c1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u58f0\u79f0\u6709\u6743\u5904\u7f6e\u6559\u4f1a\u9886\u5730\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u6ce2\u5c14\u56fe\u4e3b\u6559\u9a6c\u4e01\u970d\u00b7\u7f57\u5fb7\u91cc\u683c\u65af\uff08Martinho Rodrigues\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u4e89\u6267\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5728\u5176\u5bab\u6bbf\u4e2d\u88ab\u56f4\u56f0\u4e86\u4e94\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u88ab\u8feb\u524d\u5f80\u7f57\u9a6c\u5bfb\u6c42\u6551\u6d4e\uff081209\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6851\u4e54\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0d\u4f73\uff0c\u4e14\u65e0\u529b\u62b5\u6297\u6559\u7687\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5b8c\u5168\u5c48\u670d\uff081210\u5e74\uff09\uff1b\u5728\u5c06\u5927\u7247\u571f\u5730\u8d60\u4e88\u4ed6\u7684\u5b50\u5973\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u9000\u9690\u5230\u963f\u5c14\u79d1\u5df4\u8428\u4fee\u9053\u9662\uff08Alcoba\u00e7a Monastery\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1211\u5e743\u6708\u53bb\u4e16\u3002[9]<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e8c\u4e16<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/q5.itc.cn\/images01\/20250323\/d86e1b5d860446ba90e70e9197cc4590.jpeg\" width=\"280\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u624b\u7a3f\u300a\u56fd\u738b\u7f16\u5e74\u53f2\u6982\u8981\u300b\uff08\u7ea61312-1325\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e8c\u4e16\u56fd\u738b \/ \u7ef4\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e8c\u4e16\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u4ee5\u8461\u8404\u7259\u8bae\u4f1a\uff08Cortes\uff09\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u800c\u95fb\u540d\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u9ad8\u5c42\u548c\u8d35\u65cf\uff08fidalgos\u548cricos homens\uff09\u88ab\u56fd\u738b\u8bcf\u4e66\u53ec\u96c6\u3002\u8fd9\u4f4d\u56fd\u738b\uff081211-1223\u5e74\uff09\u5e76\u975e\u6218\u58eb\uff0c\u4f461212\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u652f\u8461\u8404\u7259\u519b\u961f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u4eba\u5728\u62c9\u65af\u7eb3\u74e6\u65af\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u6258\u6d1b\u8428\u6218\u5f79\uff08Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa\uff09\u4e2d\u51fb\u8d25\u4e86\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\uff0c1217\u5e74\uff0c\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u90e8\u957f\u3001\u4e3b\u6559\u548c\u5c06\u9886\u4eec\u5728\u5916\u56fd\u5341\u5b57\u519b\u7684\u589e\u63f4\u4e0b\u91cd\u65b0\u593a\u56de\u4e86\u963f\u5c14\u5361\u585e\u5c14\u00b7\u675c\u00b7\u8428\u5c14\u3002[10]<\/p>\n<p>\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e8c\u4e16\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u4ed6\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u9057\u5631\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u4ea4\u51fa\u7559\u7ed9\u5144\u5f1f\u4eec\u7684\u5e84\u56ed\uff0c\u5144\u5f1f\u4eec\u6d41\u4ea1\u56fd\u5916\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u83b1\u6602\u7684\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e5d\u4e16\uff08Alfonso IX of Le\u00f3n\uff09\u53c2\u4e0e\u53cd\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u957f\u671f\u5185\u6218\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u624d\u653e\u5f03\u7559\u7ed9\u59d0\u59b9\u4eec\u7684\u8d22\u4ea7\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u662f\u5f3a\u8feb\u5973\u7ee7\u627f\u4eba\u6234\u4e0a\u4fee\u5973\u9762\u7eb1\u3002\u4ed6\u8bd5\u56fe\u52a0\u5f3a\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\u5e76\u4ee5\u6559\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5145\u5b9e\u56fd\u5e93\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ed6\u88ab\u6559\u7687\u6d2a\u8bfa\u7559\u4e09\u4e16\uff08Pope Honorius III\uff09\u5f00\u9664\u6559\u7c4d\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u5728\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e8c\u4e16\u4e8e1223\u5e743\u670825\u65e5\u53bb\u4e16\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u5904\u4e8e\u7981\u4ee4\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002[11]<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6851\u4e54\u4e8c\u4e16<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6851\u4e54\u4e8c\u4e16\uff08Sancho II\uff09\u572813\u5c81\u65f6\u7ee7\u4f4d\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u9664\u7981\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7236\u4eb2\u653f\u7b56\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u2014\u2014\u5927\u81e3\u8d21\u8428\u6d1b\u00b7\u95e8\u5fb7\u65af\uff08Gon\u00e7alo Mendes\uff09\u3001\u5bab\u5ef7\u5927\u81e3\uff08mordomo-mor\uff09\u4f69\u5fb7\u7f57\u00b7\u5b89\u5c3c\u65af\uff08Pedro Annes\uff09\u548c\u91cc\u65af\u672c\u6559\u957f\u7ef4\u68ee\u7279\uff08Vicente\uff09\u2014\u2014\u8f9e\u53bb\u4e86\u804c\u52a1\u3002\u5e03\u62c9\u52a0\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u57c3\u65af\u7279\u65fa\u00b7\u82cf\u4e9a\u96f7\u65af\uff08Est\u00eav\u00e3o Soares\uff09\u7ad9\u5728\u8d35\u65cf\u548c\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u524d\u5217\uff0c\u5a01\u80c1\u8981\u5728\u6851\u4e54\u4e8c\u4e16\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\u7be1\u593a\u738b\u6743\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e5d\u4e16\u8c08\u5224\u8fbe\u6210\u8054\u76df\uff0c\u5b89\u6392\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4eba\u8fdb\u653b\u57c3\u5c14\u74e6\u65af\uff08Elvas\uff09\uff0c\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u4eba\u8fdb\u653b\u5df4\u8fbe\u970d\u65af\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1226\u5e74\uff0c\u57c3\u5c14\u74e6\u65af\u4ece\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\u593a\u56de\uff0c1227\u5e74\uff0c\u6851\u4e54\u63a5\u7ba1\u4e86\u738b\u56fd\u3002\u4ed6\u91cd\u65b0\u4efb\u547d\u4f69\u5fb7\u7f57\u00b7\u5b89\u5c3c\u65af\uff0c\u4efb\u547d\u7ef4\u68ee\u7279\u4e3a\u5927\u81e3\uff0c\u5e76\u4efb\u547d\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u5b89\u5c3c\u65af\uff08Martim Annes\uff09\u4e3a\u9996\u5e2d\u65d7\u624b\uff08alferes mor\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u6700\u9ad8\u519b\u4e8b\u5b98\u5458\u3002\u4ed6\u7ee7\u7eed\u5bf9\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u5341\u5b57\u519b\u4e1c\u5f81\uff0c\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u88ab\u8d76\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u963f\u8fde\u7279\u8339\u7684\u6700\u540e\u636e\u70b9\uff0c1239-1244\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u4e0e\u7f57\u9a6c\u7684\u4e89\u7aef\u518d\u6b21\u4ee5\u7981\u4ee4\u7684\u65bd\u52a0\u548c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u5c48\u670d\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u963f\u5c14\u52a0\u7ef4\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u80dc\u5229\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u7684\u5f81\u670d\u751f\u6daf\u56e0\u4e00\u573a\u9769\u547d\uff081245\u5e74\uff09\u800c\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a\u9769\u547d\u7684\u501f\u53e3\u662f\u4ed6\u4e0e\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u5973\u58eb\u6885\u897f\u4e9a\u00b7\u6d1b\u4f69\u65af\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u54c8\u7f57\uff08M\u00e9cia Lopes de Haro\uff09\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u53d7\u5230\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u7406\u7531\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u8db3\uff1b\u4f46\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u4e3b\u6559\u4eec\u5bf9\u6851\u4e54\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u53cd\u6559\u6743\u5927\u81e3\u7684\u504f\u7231\u611f\u5230\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53db\u4e71\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6851\u4e54\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u5e03\u6d1b\u6d85\u4f2f\u7235\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\uff08Afonso, count of Boulogne\uff09\u8eab\u4e0a\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u9886\u8896\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u5e03\u6d1b\u6d85\u4f2f\u7235\u592b\u4eba\u739b\u8482\u5c14\u8fbe\uff08Matilda, countess of Boulogne\uff09\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5934\u8854\u3002\u6559\u7687\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u5e9f\u9edc\u6851\u4e54\u7684\u8bcf\u4e66\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e8e1246\u5e74\u62b5\u8fbe\u91cc\u65af\u672c\uff1b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e24\u5e74\u7684\u5185\u6218\uff0c\u6851\u4e54\u4e8c\u4e16\u9000\u9690\u5230\u6258\u83b1\u591a\uff08Toledo\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1248\u5e741\u6708\u53bb\u4e16\u3002[12]<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e09\u4e16<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/q4.itc.cn\/images01\/20250323\/61d9e43f563e4e00a6aec7f9b1858ce0.jpeg\" width=\"209\" height=\"377\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8461\u8404\u7259\u56fd\u738b\u5bb6\u8c31\u4e2d\u7684\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e09\u4e16\uff08\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u5965\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u970d\u5170\u8fbe\uff1b1530-1534\u5e74\uff09 \/ \u5927\u82f1\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff0c\u7ef4\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7be1\u4f4d\u8005\u7684\u9996\u8981\u884c\u52a8\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u653e\u5f03\u534a\u6559\u4f1a\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u201c\u738b\u56fd\u5de1\u89c6\u5458\u201d\uff08visitador\uff09\u6216\u201c\u738b\u56fd\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\u201d\uff08curador\uff09\u5934\u8854\uff0c\u5e76\u5ba3\u5e03\u81ea\u5df1\u4e3a\u56fd\u738b\u3002\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u4e00\u76f4\u5c8c\u5c8c\u53ef\u5371\uff1b\u4e0e\u963f\u62c9\u8d21\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8d35\u65cf\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5176\u540d\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u9996\u8111\u884c\u4f7f\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fc7\u5206\u5f3a\u8c03\u738b\u4f4d\u5934\u8854\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8fc2\u8150\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e09\u4e16\u5bf9\u738b\u4f4d\u7684\u5360\u6709\u786e\u5b9e\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u6c11\u65cf\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\u548c\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u653f\u5e9c\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u786e\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f81\u670d\u963f\u5c14\u52a0\u7ef4\uff08Algarve\uff09\uff0c\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u636e\u70b9\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u8fd9\u6fc0\u6012\u4e86\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u5341\u4e16\uff08Alfonso X of Castile\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u667a\u8005\u201d\uff0c\u58f0\u79f0\u5bf9\u963f\u5c14\u52a0\u7ef4\u62e5\u6709\u5b97\u4e3b\u6743\u3002\u968f\u540e\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u4ee5\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e09\u4e16\u540c\u610f\u4e0e\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u5341\u4e16\u7684\u79c1\u751f\u5973\u6bd4\u963f\u7279\u4e3d\u65af\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u53e4\u5179\u66fc\uff08Beatriz de Guzm\u00e1n\uff09\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u5c01\u5730\u6301\u6709\u963f\u5c14\u52a0\u7ef4\u800c\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u5a5a\u793c\u7684\u5e86\u795d\u6d3b\u52a8\u5728\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e09\u4e16\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u59bb\u5b50\u5e03\u6d1b\u6d85\u4f2f\u7235\u592b\u4eba\u739b\u8482\u5c14\u8fbe\uff08Matilda, countess of Boulogne\uff09\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u4e16\u65f6\u4e3e\u884c\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u738b\u56fd\u88ab\u65bd\u52a0\u7981\u4ee4\u30021254\u5e74\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e09\u4e16\u5728\u83b1\u91cc\u4e9a\uff08Leiria\uff09\u53ec\u96c6\u4e86\u8bae\u4f1a\uff0c\u8d35\u65cf\u548c\u795e\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3b\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u51fa\u5e2d\u4e86\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002[13]<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u56fd\u738b\u62d2\u7edd\u5411\u7f57\u9a6c\u5c48\u670d\u3002\u5728\u79d1\u82f1\u5e03\u62c9\u8bae\u4f1a\uff081261\u5e74\uff09\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u5b89\u629a\u57ce\u5e02\u4ee3\u8868\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5de9\u56fa\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u4ee3\u8868\u8c34\u8d23\u4e86\u52a3\u8d28\u8d27\u5e01\u7684\u53d1\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u627f\u8ba4\u672a\u7ecf\u8bae\u4f1a\u540c\u610f\u4e0d\u5f97\u5f81\u7a0e\u3002\u795e\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u957f\u671f\u7981\u4ee4\u4e0b\u6bd4\u5e73\u6c11\u906d\u53d7\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u82e6\u96be\uff0c1262\u5e74\uff0c\u6559\u7687\u4e4c\u5c14\u73ed\u56db\u4e16\uff08Pope Urban IV\uff09\u4f7f\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u627f\u8ba4\u56fd\u738b\u7684\u957f\u5b50\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\uff08Dinis\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\u4e00\u4e16\uff09\u4e3a\u5408\u6cd5\u7ee7\u627f\u4eba\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u4e0e\u738b\u51a0\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684 supremacy \u4e4b\u4e89\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\u56e0\u5176\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u634d\u536b\u3001\u5e02\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u548c\u519b\u4e8b\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u53ca\u7687\u5bb6\u519b\u961f\u5728\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u548c\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u7684\u58f0\u671b\u800c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u80dc\u5229\u30021263\u5e74\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u5341\u4e16\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u5bf9\u963f\u5c14\u52a0\u7ef4\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u5b97\u4e3b\u6743\u8981\u6c42\u3002[14] \u91cc\u65af\u672c\u4ece\u6b64\u88ab\u627f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9996\u90fd\u3002\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e09\u4e16\u7ee7\u7eed\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u76f4\u52301279\u5e742\u670816\u65e5\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c[15] \u4f46\u4ed6\u665a\u5e74\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u88ab\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\u7684\u53db\u4e71\uff081277-1279\u5e74\uff09\u6253\u7834\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\u4e00\u4e16<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/q6.itc.cn\/images01\/20250323\/4cbc0bccd9d74ffebacb7c402cbd62c3.jpeg\" width=\"241\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8461\u8404\u7259\u56fd\u738b\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\u4e00\u4e16 \/ \u7ef4\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u519b\u4e8b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u5baa\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u8d77\u521d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u53d7\u5230\u5f1f\u5f1f\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u7684\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u5e76\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u5185\u6218\u3002\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4e0e\u91cd\u65b0\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u83b1\u6602\u548c\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u738b\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u654c\u5bf9\u884c\u52a8\u57281297\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u9879\u8054\u76df\u6761\u7ea6\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u56db\u4e16\uff08Ferdinand IV of Castile\uff09\u4e0e\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\u7684\u5973\u513f\u5eb7\u65af\u5766\u65af\uff08Constance\uff09\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u800c\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u4e0e\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u7684\u5973\u513f\u6bd4\u963f\u7279\u4e3d\u65af\uff08Beatrice of Castile\uff09\u7ed3\u5a5a\u3002\u56fd\u738b\u4e0e\u738b\u50a8\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u573a\u5185\u6218\u57281293\u5e74\u88ab\u738b\u540e\u4f0a\u838e\u8d1d\u62c9\uff08Isabella of Portugal\uff09\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u5979\u4e8e1281\u5e74\u4e0e\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u5e76\u572816\u4e16\u7eaa\u56e0\u5176\u8bb8\u591a\u7f8e\u5fb7\u800c\u88ab\u5c01\u4e3a\u5723\u4eba\u3002\u5979\u9a91\u9a6c\u7a7f\u8fc7\u654c\u5bf9\u9635\u8425\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5728\u4e08\u592b\u548c\u513f\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u4f53\u9762\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6218\u4e89\u8fc7\u4e8e\u77ed\u6682\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e25\u91cd\u5e72\u6270\u56fd\u738b\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u91cd\u5efa\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u5373\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4eba\u6c11\u5e76\u4e0d\u540c\u8d28\uff1b\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u201c\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u548c\u83ab\u624e\u62c9\u5e03\u4eba\u3001\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u52a0\u5229\u897f\u4e9a\u4eba\u3001\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u548c\u5916\u56fd\u5341\u5b57\u519b\u201d\u5c06\u878d\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u3002\u56fd\u738b\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\u4e0b\u4ee4\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u57ce\u5821\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u65b0\u57ce\u9547\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u51e0\u4e2a\u57ce\u9547\u6388\u4e88\u4e86\u57ce\u5e02\u7279\u6743\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u524d\u4efb\u4eec\u6240\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5357\u90e8\u548c\u5185\u9646\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5317\u90e8\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4eba\u5b9a\u5c45\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u671f\u95f4\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u65b0\u571f\u5730\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4eba\u53e3\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7d27\u8feb\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95ee\u9898\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u4f7f\u963f\u8fde\u7279\u8339\u6210\u4e3a\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7684\u7cae\u4ed3\uff0c\u4f46\u6218\u4e89\u6467\u6bc1\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5927\u7247\u571f\u5730\u73b0\u5728\u8352\u829c\u4e14\u4eba\u53e3\u7a00\u5c11\u3002\u5546\u4e1a\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u540c\u6837\u88ab\u56fd\u5bb6\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u6240\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002\u884c\u653f\u673a\u6784\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u5c01\u5efa\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u800c\u590d\u6742\u5316\u3002\u738b\u51a0\u7684\u81f3\u9ad8\u65e0\u4e0a\u867d\u7136\u5f97\u5230\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6539\u9769\u3002\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u8015\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5efa\u7acb\u519c\u4e1a\u5b66\u6821\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u201c\u519c\u6c11\u56fd\u738b\u201d\uff08rei lavrador\uff09\u7684\u79f0\u53f7\u3002\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u8c08\u5224\u5546\u4e1a\u6761\u7ea6\uff081294\u5e74\uff09\u5e76\u5728\u70ed\u90a3\u4e9a\u6d77\u519b\u4e0a\u5c06\u57c3\u9a6c\u52aa\u57c3\u83b1\u00b7\u4f69\u8428\u5c3c\u5965\uff08Emanuele Pessagno\uff0cManuel Pessanha\uff09\u7684\u6307\u6325\u4e0b\u7ec4\u5efa\u7687\u5bb6\u6d77\u519b\uff081317\u5e74\uff09\u6765\u9f13\u52b1\u6d77\u4e0a\u8d38\u6613\u30021290\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u79d1\u82f1\u5e03\u62c9\u5927\u5b66\uff08University of Coimbra\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u5927\u5b66\u6700\u521d\u5728\u91cc\u65af\u672c\u6210\u7acb\uff0c1308\u5e74\u8fc1\u81f3\u79d1\u82f1\u5e03\u62c9\uff0c1537\u5e74\u6700\u7ec8\u8fc1\u81f3\u79d1\u82f1\u5e03\u62c9\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u8bd7\u4eba\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u4e0e\u97f3\u4e50\u7684\u8d5e\u52a9\u4eba\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u8461\u8404\u7259\u8bed\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u884c\u653f\u6539\u9769\u65e8\u5728\u786e\u4fdd\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u653f\u5e9c\u5e76\u9650\u5236\u5c01\u5efa\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u3002\u4ed6\u9f13\u52b1\u5e76\u56fd\u6709\u5316\u4e86\u519b\u4e8b\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\u30021290\u5e74\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7684\u5723\u5730\u4e9a\u54e5\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\uff08Order of Santiago\uff09\u4e0e\u6bcd\u4f53\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\u660e\u786e\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7684\u533b\u9662\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\uff08Knights Hospitaller\uff09\u548c\u963f\u7ef4\u4ec0\u7684\u5723\u672c\u7b03\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\uff08Order of Saint Benedict of Aviz\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5176\u4f20\u7edf\u6210\u7acb\u65e5\u671f\u5206\u522b\u4e3a1113\u5e74\u548c1146\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u6559\u7687\u514b\u83b1\u95e8\u7279\u4e94\u4e16\uff08Pope Clement V\uff0c1312\u5e74\uff09\u8c34\u8d23\u5723\u6bbf\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6559\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u4e86\u5bf9\u8461\u8404\u7259\u5206\u652f\u7684\u6307\u63a7\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u65e0\u7f6a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5723\u6bbf\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\u5bcc\u6709\u3001\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u4e14\u5fe0\u8bda\uff0c\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\u5229\u7528\u514b\u83b1\u95e8\u7279\u4e94\u4e16\u7684\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u4ee5\u65b0\u540d\u79f0\u7ef4\u6301\u4e86\u8be5\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\uff1b\u4ece\u6b64\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\uff08Order of Christ\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1319\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u6559\u7687\u7684\u795d\u798f\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u5728\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u6269\u5f20\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u56db\u4e16<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u56db\u4e16\uff08Afonso IV\uff09\u9075\u5faa\u4e86\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u4ed6\u5b89\u6392\u5973\u513f\u739b\u4e3d\u4e9a\uff08Maria\uff09\u4e0e\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\uff08Alfonso XI of Castile\uff0c1328\u5e74\uff09\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u573a\u5a5a\u59fb\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u672c\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u7684\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u738b\u540e\u4f0a\u838e\u8d1d\u62c9\u518d\u6b21\u5e72\u9884\u540e\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\uff081330\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u7ee7\u627f\u4eba\u5f7c\u5f97\uff08Peter\uff09\u540e\u6765\u4e0e\u4f69\u5c3c\u4e9a\u83f2\u8036\u5c14\u516c\u7235\uff08duke of Pe\u00f1afiel\uff0c\u9760\u8fd1\u5df4\u5229\u4e9a\u591a\u5229\u5fb7\uff09\u7684\u5973\u513f\u5eb7\u65af\u5766\u65af\uff08Constance\uff09\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u56db\u4e16\u7387\u9886\u4e00\u652f\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8461\u8404\u7259\u519b\u961f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u4eba\u5bf9\u6297\u683c\u62c9\u7eb3\u8fbe\uff08Granada\uff09\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u53ca\u5176\u975e\u6d32\u76df\u53cb\u3002\u5728\u5854\u91cc\u6cd5\uff08Tarifa\uff09\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u8428\u62c9\u591a\u6cb3\uff08river Salado\uff09\u7554\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u4ed6\u56e0\u6b64\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u201c\u52c7\u6562\u8005\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u201d\uff08Afonso the Brave\uff0c1340\u5e74\uff09\u7684\u79f0\u53f7\u30021347\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u5973\u513f\u57c3\u8389\u8bfa\uff08Eleanor\uff09\u5ac1\u7ed9\u4e86\u963f\u62c9\u8d21\u7684\u5f7c\u5f97\u56db\u4e16\uff08Peter IV of Aragon\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u665a\u5e74\u56e0\u4f0a\u5185\u65af\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u5361\u65af\u7279\u7f57\uff08In\u00eas de Castro\uff09\u7684\u60b2\u5267\u800c\u8499\u4e0a\u9634\u5f71\u3002\u4ed6\u4e8e1357\u5e74\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u7ee7\u4efb\u8005\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7684\u4f69\u5fb7\u7f57\u4e00\u4e16\uff08Pedro I of Portugal\uff09\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9879\u884c\u52a8\u5c31\u662f\u5411\u4f0a\u5185\u65af\u7684\u8c0b\u6740\u8005\u590d\u4ec7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f69\u5fb7\u7f57\u4e00\u4e16<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f69\u5fb7\u7f57\u7684\u7279\u522b\u7231\u597d\u662f\u53f8\u6cd5\u884c\u653f\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ecf\u5e38\u4eb2\u81ea\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u76f8\u5f53\u6b8b\u9177\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u7edf\u6cbb\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u4e25\u683c\u6267\u884c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ee5\u727a\u7272\u8d35\u65cf\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e86\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u30021361\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u57c3\u5c14\u74e6\u65af\u8bae\u4f1a\uff08Cortes of Elvas\uff09\u4e0a\uff0c\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u6cd5\u4ee4\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u795e\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u7279\u6743\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4e0d\u4e0e\u738b\u5ba4\u7279\u6743\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u624d\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6709\u6548\u3002\u4f69\u5fb7\u7f57\u4e0e\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u4fdd\u6301\u53cb\u597d\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c1352\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u4e09\u4e16\uff08Edward III\uff09\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u8461\u8404\u7259\u5546\u4eba\u7684\u516c\u544a\uff0c1353\u5e74\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4f7f\u8282\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u00b7\u9a6c\u4e01\u65af\u00b7\u963f\u5c14\u970d\uff08Afonso Martins Alho\uff09\u4e0e\u4f26\u6566\u5546\u4eba\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u5951\u7ea6\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5546\u4e1a\u4ea4\u6613\u4e2d\u76f8\u4e92\u8bda\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\u3001\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u56db\u4e16\u548c\u4f69\u5fb7\u7f57\u4e00\u4e16\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u901a\u5e38\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5373\u4e0e\u4f0a\u6bd4\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u738b\u56fd\u4fdd\u6301\u548c\u5e73\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u5728\u7e41\u8363\u548c\u6587\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u652f\u6301\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u8d35\u65cf\u548c\u795e\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u66b4\u653f\u3002\u5728\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\uff08Ferdinand\uff0c1367-1383\u5e74\uff09\u7edf\u6cbb\u671f\u95f4\u548c\u83b1\u6602\u8bfa\u5c14\uff08Leonora\uff09\u6444\u653f\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7edf\u6cbb\u738b\u671d\u4e0d\u518d\u4ee3\u8868\u56fd\u5bb6\u610f\u5fd7\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4eba\u6c11\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u738b\u671d\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u3002\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd9\u573a\u5371\u673a\u7684\u590d\u6742\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u8981\u603b\u7ed3\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u4e00\u4e16<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/q0.itc.cn\/images01\/20250323\/53ce83492fb44f549cbd847be9a3108d.jpeg\" width=\"273\" height=\"333\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7684\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u4e00\u4e16 \/ \u7ef4\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u4e00\u4e16\uff08Ferdinand I\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u8f6f\u5f31\u4f46\u91ce\u5fc3\u52c3\u52c3\u4e14\u4e0d\u62e9\u624b\u6bb5\u7684\u56fd\u738b\uff0c\u4ed6\u58f0\u79f0\u62e5\u6709\u83b1\u6602\u548c\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u738b\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u738b\u4f4d\u56e0\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u56fd\u738b\u5f7c\u5f97\uff08Peter of Castile\uff0c1369\u5e74\uff09\u7684\u53bb\u4e16\u800c\u7a7a\u7f3a\uff1b\u4ed6\u7684\u58f0\u79f0\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u7956\u6bcd\u6bd4\u963f\u7279\u4e3d\u65af\uff08Beatrice\uff0c1367-1385\u5e74\uff09\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u8840\u7edf\u3002\u5f53\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u8d35\u65cf\u62d2\u7edd\u63a5\u53d7\u8461\u8404\u7259\u541b\u4e3b\uff0c\u5e76\u6b22\u8fce\u524d\u56fd\u738b\u7684\u79c1\u751f\u5144\u5f1f\u6210\u4e3a\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u4ea8\u5229\u4e8c\u4e16\uff08Henry II of Castile\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u4e0e\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u548c\u963f\u62c9\u8d21\u4eba\u7ed3\u76df\uff1b\u4f461371\u5e74\uff0c\u6559\u7687\u683c\u91cc\u9ad8\u5229\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\uff08Pope Gregory XI\uff09\u4ecb\u5165\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u5e94\u653e\u5f03\u4ed6\u7684\u58f0\u79f0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u6210\u529f\u5bf9\u624b\u7684\u5973\u513f\u57c3\u8389\u8bfa\uff08Eleanor\uff09\u7ed3\u5a5a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u66f4\u559c\u6b22\u4ed6\u7684\u8461\u8404\u7259\u60c5\u5987\u83b1\u6602\u8bfa\u5c14\u00b7\u7279\u5217\u65af\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u6885\u5185\u585e\u65af\uff08Leonor Telles de Menezes\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u6700\u7ec8\u4e0e\u5979\u7ed3\u5a5a\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u62a5\u590d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f7b\u8511\uff0c\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u4ea8\u5229\u5165\u4fb5\u8461\u8404\u7259\u5e76\u56f4\u653b\u91cc\u65af\u672c\u3002\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u5411\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5188\u7279\uff08John of Gaunt\uff09\u6c42\u52a9\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4e5f\u4ee5\u4ed6\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u3001\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u5f7c\u5f97\u4e4b\u5973\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u5eb7\u65af\u5766\u65af\uff08Infanta Constance of Castile\uff09\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u58f0\u79f0\u62e5\u6709\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u738b\u4f4d\u3002\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4e0e\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u8054\u76df\uff1b\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u57281374\u5e74\u4e0e\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u548c\u5e73\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u4ea8\u5229\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e8e1380\u5e74\u91cd\u65b0\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u58f0\u79f0\uff0c\u5e76\u6d3e\u9063\u5965\u4f26\u4f2f\u7235\u82e5\u6602\u00b7\u8d39\u5c14\u5357\u5fb7\u65af\u00b7\u5b89\u4ee3\u7f57\uff08Jo\u00e3o Fernandes Andeiro, count of Our\u00e9m\uff09\u53bb\u4e89\u53d6\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u7684\u63f4\u52a9\u30021381\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u7684\u7406\u67e5\u4e8c\u4e16\uff08Richard II of England\uff09\u6d3e\u9063\u4e86\u4e00\u652f\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u519b\u961f\u524d\u5f80\u91cc\u65af\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4ed6\u7684\u8868\u5f1f\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u738b\u5b50\uff08Prince Edward\uff09\u4e0e\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u7684\u72ec\u751f\u5973\u6bd4\u963f\u7279\u4e3d\u65af\uff08Beatrice\uff09\u8ba2\u5a5a\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5df2\u88ab\u83b1\u91cc\u4e9a\u8bae\u4f1a\uff08Cortes of Leiria\uff0c1376\u5e74\uff09\u627f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u738b\u4f4d\u7ee7\u627f\u4eba\u30021383\u5e74\uff0c\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u5728\u8428\u5c14\u74e6\u7279\u62c9\uff08Salvaterra\uff09\u4e0e\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u7ea6\u7ff0\u4e00\u4e16\uff08John I of Castile\uff09\u8fbe\u6210\u548c\u5e73\uff0c\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u76df\u53cb\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u8e42\u8e8f\u4ed6\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u9886\u571f\u8fdb\u884c\u62a5\u590d\u3002\u6839\u636e\u300a\u8428\u5c14\u74e6\u7279\u62c9\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff08Treaty of Salvaterra\uff09\uff0c\u6bd4\u963f\u7279\u4e3d\u65af\u5e94\u4e0e\u7ea6\u7ff0\u4e00\u4e16\u7ed3\u5a5a\u3002\u516d\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6761\u7ea6\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u83b1\u6602\u8bfa\u5c14\u6210\u4e3a\u6444\u653f\u738b\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u7ea6\u7ff0\u4e00\u4e16\u548c\u6bd4\u963f\u7279\u4e3d\u65af\u7684\u957f\u5b50\u6210\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7a7a\u4f4d\u671f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u83b1\u6602\u8bfa\u5c14\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u4e0e\u5965\u4f26\u4f2f\u7235\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4e0e\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u548c\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u9634\u8c0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u8d35\u65cf\u9886\u8896\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u800c\u5979\u7684\u66b4\u653f\u4e5f\u6fc0\u8d77\u4e86\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8005\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u963f\u7ef4\u4ec0\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\u5927\u56e2\u957f\u3001\u4f69\u5fb7\u7f57\u4e00\u4e16\u7684\u79c1\u751f\u5b50\u82e5\u6602\uff08D. John\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9886\u8896\uff0c\u5728\u91cc\u65af\u672c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u8d77\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u738b\u5bab\u5185\u523a\u6740\u4e86\u5965\u4f26\u4f2f\u7235\uff081383\u5e7412\u67086\u65e5\uff09\u3002\u83b1\u6602\u8bfa\u5c14\u9003\u5f80\u5723\u5854\u4f26\u5e76\u5411\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u6c42\u63f4\uff0c\u800c\u82e5\u6602\u88ab\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e3a\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7684\u4fdd\u536b\u8005\u30021384\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u652f\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u519b\u961f\u56f4\u653b\u91cc\u65af\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u906d\u9047\u4e86\u82f1\u52c7\u7684\u62b5\u6297\uff0c\u4e94\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u761f\u75ab\u7684\u7206\u53d1\u8feb\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u89e3\u56f4\uff0c\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u7ea6\u7ff0\u4e00\u4e16\u53d1\u73b0\u6216\u58f0\u79f0\u83b1\u6602\u8bfa\u5c14\u5bc6\u8c0b\u6bd2\u5bb3\u4ed6\uff0c\u5c06\u5979\u56da\u7981\u5728\u6258\u5c14\u5fb7\u897f\u5229\u4e9a\u65af\uff08Tordesillas\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u5ea7\u4fee\u9053\u9662\u4e2d\uff0c\u5979\u4e8e1386\u5e74\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u53bb\u4e16\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u7684\u8b66\u5bdf\u52aa\u8bfa\u00b7\u963f\u5c14\u74e6\u96f7\u65af\u00b7\u4f69\u96f7\u62c9\uff08Nuno \u00c1lvares Pereira\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u963f\u6258\u83b1\u7f57\u65af\u6218\u5f79\uff08Battle of Atoleiros\uff09\u548c\u74dc\u5c14\u8fbe\uff08Guarda\uff09\u5730\u533a\u7684\u7279\u5170\u79d1\u7d22\u6218\u5f79\uff08Battle of Trancoso\uff09\u4e2d\u4e24\u6b21\u51fb\u8d25\u5165\u4fb5\u8005\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u201c\u795e\u5723\u8b66\u5bdf\u201d\uff08The Holy Constable\uff09\u7684\u7ef0\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u82e5\u6602\u4e00\u4e16\uff1a\u8461\u8404\u7259\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u5f00\u7aef<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/q9.itc.cn\/images01\/20250323\/57486ca1e73b4a8caec1c3c55f6d629d.jpeg\" width=\"258\" height=\"336\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u82e5\u6602\u4e00\u4e16\u7684\u8096\u50cf \/ \u5c55\u793a\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u53e4\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u535a\u7269\u9986\uff0c\u7ef4\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1385\u5e744\u670816\u65e5\uff0c\u82e5\u6602\u00b7\u8fbe\u65af\u00b7\u96f7\u683c\u62c9\u65af\uff08Jo\u00e3o das Regras\uff09\u5728\u79d1\u82f1\u5e03\u62c9\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e0a\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u6743\u9009\u62e9\u963f\u7ef4\u4ec0\u7684\u82e5\u6602\uff08John of Aviz\uff09\u4e3a\u65b0\u56fd\u738b\u3002\u82e5\u6602\uff08\u6216\u82e5\u6602\u4e00\u4e16\uff09\u968f\u540e\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u8461\u8404\u7259\u56fd\u738b\u3002\u8461\u8404\u7259\u8bae\u4f1a\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u79d1\u82f1\u5e03\u62c9\u8bae\u4f1a\uff0c\u5b83\u660e\u786e\u80af\u5b9a\u4e86\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u6027\u3002\u963f\u7ef4\u4ec0\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\u5927\u56e2\u957f\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u738b\u5ba4\u4e0e\u519b\u4e8b\u9a91\u58eb\u56e2\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u8054\u76df\uff1b\u4ed6\u7531\u6574\u4e2a\u8bae\u4f1a\u9009\u4e3e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u738b\u5ba4\u4e0e\u5e73\u6c11\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u76df\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u8d35\u65cf\u548c\u6559\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8d39\u8fea\u5357\u5fb7\u662f\u52c3\u826e\u7b2c\u7684\u4ea8\u5229\u4f2f\u7235\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\u5408\u6cd5\u540e\u88d4\u3002\u968f\u7740\u82e5\u6602\u4e00\u4e16\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u738b\u671d\u2014\u2014\u963f\u7ef4\u4ec0\u738b\u671d\uff08House of Aviz\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u3002\u56fd\u738b\u6216\u7531\u82e5\u6602\u00b7\u8fbe\u65af\u00b7\u96f7\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u548c\u201c\u795e\u5723\u8b66\u5bdf\u201d\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u653f\u5ba2\u4eec\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6700\u7d27\u8feb\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u4fb5\u7565\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u30021385\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u7ea6\u7ff0\u7387\u9886\u4e00\u652f\u5927\u519b\u8fdb\u5165\u8461\u8404\u7259\u3002\u4f46\u57288\u670814\u65e5\uff0c\u4eba\u6570\u8fdc\u5c11\u4e8e\u5bf9\u624b\u7684\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4eba\u5728500\u540d\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u5f13\u7bad\u624b\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u963f\u5c14\u8339\u5df4\u7f57\u5854\uff08Aljubarrota\uff09\u5f7b\u5e95\u51fb\u8d25\u4e86\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u4eba\u53ca\u5176\u6cd5\u56fd\u76df\u53cb\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u573a\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4eba\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u519b\u4e8b\u529b\u91cf\u4e0a\u4e0e\u534a\u5c9b\u4e0a\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5bf9\u624b\u4e0d\u76f8\u4e0a\u4e0b\u300210\u6708\uff0c\u201c\u795e\u5723\u8b66\u5bdf\u201d\u5165\u4fb5\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u74e6\u5c14\u97e6\u5fb7\uff08Valverde\uff09\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u573a\u80dc\u5229\u3002\u6b21\u5e74\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5188\u7279\u548c5000\u540d\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u63f4\u519b\u62b5\u8fbe\uff0c\u63f4\u52a9\u82e5\u6602\u4e00\u4e16\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u5bf9\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u6b21\u53cd\u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6b21\u6218\u5f79\u65e0\u679c\u800c\u7ec8\u3002\u6839\u636e\u300a\u6e29\u838e\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff08Treaty of Windsor\uff0c1386\u5e745\u67089\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4e0e\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u76df\u5f97\u5230\u786e\u8ba4\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u4eba\u65e0\u80fd\u4e3a\u529b\uff1b\u4f0a\u5185\u65af\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u5361\u65af\u7279\u7f57\u7684\u957f\u5b50\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\uff08Denis\uff09\u58f0\u79f0\u62e5\u6709\u8461\u8404\u7259\u738b\u4f4d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1398\u5e74\u5165\u4fb5\u8461\u8404\u7259\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7684\u519b\u961f\u88ab\u8f7b\u6613\u51fb\u6e83\u30021387\u5e74\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u671f\u7eed\u7b7e\uff0c\u76f4\u52301411\u5e74\u300a\u827e\u6c38\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff08Treaty of Ayll\u00f3n\uff09\u8fbe\u6210\u548c\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u82e5\u6602\u4e00\u4e16\u57281433\u5e74\u53bb\u4e16\u524d\u6240\u63a8\u884c\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u548c\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u8981\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u5185\uff0c\u4ed6\u52aa\u529b\u6539\u9769\u884c\u653f\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u519c\u4e1a\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6388\u4e88\u571f\u5730\u548c\u7279\u6743\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u8d35\u65cf\u7684\u5fe0\u8bda\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6743\u5982\u6b64\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u5728\u4ed6\u7edf\u6cbb\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u884c\u4f7f\u5168\u90e8\u5c01\u5efa\u6743\u5229\u7684\u8d35\u65cf\u51e0\u4e4e\u6210\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u738b\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4e0e\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u4fdd\u6301\u548c\u5e73\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u4fdd\u6301\u5bc6\u5207\u53cb\u8c0a\u30021387\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u5170\u5f00\u65af\u7279\u7684\u83f2\u5229\u5e15\uff08Philipa of Lancaster\uff09\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u5979\u662f\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5188\u7279\u7684\u5973\u513f\uff1b\u7406\u67e5\u4e8c\u4e16\u6d3e\u9063\u519b\u961f\u5e2e\u52a9\u9a71\u9010\u8fea\u5c3c\u65af\uff1b\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u7684\u4ea8\u5229\u56db\u4e16\u3001\u4ea8\u5229\u4e94\u4e16\u548c\u4ea8\u5229\u516d\u4e16\u76f8\u7ee7\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u300a\u6e29\u838e\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff1b\u4ea8\u5229\u56db\u4e16\u4e8e1400\u5e74\u5c01\u4ed6\u7684\u76df\u53cb\u4e3a\u5609\u5fb7\u9a91\u58eb\uff08knight of the Garter\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/q1.itc.cn\/images01\/20250323\/e512f1125e0c48aaabfb2a88f5a960c4.jpeg\" width=\"332\" height=\"194\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>15\u4e16\u7eaa\u8ba9\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u74e6\u592b\u5170\u7ed8\u5236\u7684\u963f\u5c14\u8339\u5df4\u7f57\u5854\u6218\u5f79\u63d2\u56fe \/ \u5927\u82f1\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff0c\u7ef4\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u82f1\u5e03\u62c9\u8bae\u4f1a\u3001\u963f\u5c14\u8339\u5df4\u7f57\u5854\u6218\u5f79\u548c\u300a\u6e29\u838e\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\u5de9\u56fa\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u6700\u540e\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u7edf\u6cbb\u65f6\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u6d77\u5916\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u6469\u6d1b\u54e5\u7684\u4f11\u8fbe\uff08Ceuta\uff09\u3002\u56fd\u738b\u82e5\u6602\u548c\u738b\u540e\u83f2\u5229\u5e15\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u957f\u5b50\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\uff08Edward\uff09\u3001\u5f7c\u5f97\uff08Peter\uff09\u548c\u4ea8\u5229\uff08Henry\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4ee5\u822a\u6d77\u5bb6\u4ea8\u5229\u95fb\u540d\uff09\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6297\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u8d62\u5f97\u9a91\u58eb\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u6469\u5c14\u4eba\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u654c\u4eba\u30021415\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u652f\u7531\u56fd\u738b\u548c\u4e09\u4f4d\u738b\u5b50\u6307\u6325\u7684\u8461\u8404\u7259\u8230\u961f\u542f\u822a\u524d\u5f80\u4f11\u8fbe\u3002\u8be5\u9547\u88ab\u653b\u5360\u5e76\u9a7b\u519b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u975e\u6d32\u5927\u9646\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8461\u8404\u7259\u524d\u54e8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u9644\u5f55<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u91ca<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c60\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377<\/p>\n<p>2. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c69\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377<\/p>\n<p>3. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c69\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377<\/p>\n<p>4. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c70\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377<\/p>\n<p>5. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c71\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377<\/p>\n<p>6. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c75\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377<\/p>\n<p>7. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c77\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377<\/p>\n<p>8. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c77\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377<\/p>\n<p>9. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c91\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377<\/p>\n<p>10. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c111\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377<\/p>\n<p>11. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c115\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377<\/p>\n<p>12. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c8\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377<\/p>\n<p>13. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c15\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377<\/p>\n<p>14. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c14\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377<\/p>\n<p>15. \u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c21\u9875\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>l \u5b89\u70ed\u6d1b\u00b7\u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\u300a\u9886\u571f\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u5362\u897f\u5854\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5230\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u300b\uff082004\u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>l \u5b89\u70ed\u6d1b\u00b7\u91cc\u8d1d\u7f57\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u786e\u7acb\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u963f\u5c14\u52a0\u7ef4\u7684\u5f81\u670d\u5230\u83b1\u6602\u8bfa\u5c14\u00b7\u7279\u5217\u65af\u7684\u6444\u653f\u300b\uff082004\u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>l \u516c\u5171\u9886\u57df \u672c\u6587\u5305\u542b\u6765\u81ea\u73b0\u5df2\u8fdb\u5165\u516c\u5171\u9886\u57df\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff1a\u5947\u6cfd\u59c6\uff0c\u4f11\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\uff081911\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u201c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u201d\u3002\u300a\u5927\u82f1\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u300b\u300222\uff08\u7b2c11\u7248\uff09\u3002\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6765\u6e90: \u82b1\u767d\u5386\u53f2\u4e16\u754c 15\u4e16\u7eaa\u8ba9\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u74e6\u592b\u5170\uff08Jean de Wavrin\uff09\u7ed8\u5236\u7684\u963f\u5c14\u8339\u5df4\u7f57\u5854\u6218\u5f79\u63d2\u56fe \/ \u5927 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3],"tags":[11431,2174,11196],"views":388,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52409"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=52409"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52409\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":52419,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52409\/revisions\/52419"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=52409"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=52409"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=52409"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}