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\u6148\u79a7\u592a\u540e\u4e0e\u5eb7\u683c\u592b\u4eba<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6743\u529b\u4e2d\u67a2\u7684\u6148\u79a7\u7687\u592a\u540e\uff0c\u4ece\u897f\u5b89\u201c\u56de\u9e3e\u201d\u5317\u4eac\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u592b\u4eba\u5916\u4ea4\uff0c\u4ece\u5979\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u4f7f\u5eb7\u683c\uff08Edwin H. Conger\uff09\u7684\u592b\u4eba\u8428\u62c9\u00b7\u6d3e\u514b\uff08Sarah J. Pike\uff09\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u6539\u6362\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c40\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u8428\u62c9\u66f4\u4e3a\u633d\u6551\u6148\u79a7\u592a\u540e\u7684\u6bcf\u51b5\u6108\u4e0b\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5b9e\u9645\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4ef6\u5927\u4e8b\u662f\u4fc3\u6210\u7f8e\u56fd\u5973\u753b\u5bb6\u51ef\u745f\u7433\u00b7\u5361\u5c14\uff08Katharine Augusta Carl\uff09\u7ed8\u5236\u6148\u79a7\u592a\u540e\u7684\u5de8\u5e45\u8096\u50cf\u6cb9\u753b\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd0\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u53c2\u52a0\u5723\u8def\u6613\u65af\u535a\u89c8\u4f1a\u7684\u5c55\u51fa\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8d60\u7ed9\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u7684\u201c\u662d\u662d\u5929\u547d\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u6e05\u672b\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u65f6\u5c40\u56fe\u201d<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u4e9a\u592a\u7684\u52bf\u529b\u8fc5\u901f\u6269\u5f20\u30021898\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5728\u53e4\u5df4\u5f00\u6218\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u201c\u7f8e\u897f\u6218\u4e89\u201d\u3002\u6218\u706b\u4ece\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5728\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u6d77\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u53e4\u5df4\u548c\u6ce2\u591a\u9ece\u5404\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u897f\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u7684\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\uff0c6\u6708\u7f8e\u519b\u5360\u9886\u5173\u5c9b\u3002\u540c\u5e7412\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u897f\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u300a\u5df4\u9ece\u548c\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5168\u9762\u653e\u5f03\u53e4\u5df4\uff0c\u6ce2\u591a\u9ece\u5404\u548c\u5173\u5c9b\u7b49\u5272\u8ba9\u7ed9\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u5356\u7ed9\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5360\u9886\u53e4\u5df4\u3001\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u548c\u5173\u5c9b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u540c\u671f\u517c\u5e76\u590f\u5a01\u5937\uff0c\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u5916\u5173\u7cfb\u53f2\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u6b64\u524d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u201c\u95e8\u7f57\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u65b9\u9488\u4e0b\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d77\u5916\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1b\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8f6c\u6362\u8bf4\u8f9e\uff0c\u8dfb\u8eab\u6b96\u6c11\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u5217\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5b66\u8005\u963f\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u6e29\u5c3c\u4f2f\u683c\uff08Albert K. Weinberg\uff09\u6240\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8981\u6c42\u83b7\u5f97\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u6218\u4e89\u8d54\u507f\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6839\u672c\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f0f\u7684\u9884\u671f\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u80dc\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u548c\u7ea6\u4e2d\u5199\u4e0a\u4ed6\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u4f34\u968f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u80dc\u5229\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u201c\u662d\u662d\u5929\u547d\u201d\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u8981\u4f7f\u5360\u9886\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\uff0c\u66f4\u8981\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5408\u7406\u5316\u3002\u7167\u6b64\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u6253\u8d25\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u4eba\u4ee5\u540e\u5c31\u6492\u624b\u4e0d\u7ba1\uff0c\u653e\u4efb\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u7ee7\u7eed\u538b\u8feb\u5f53\u5730\u767e\u59d3\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e0d\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u4f7f\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u9677\u4e8e\u6df7\u4e71\u4e0e\u65e0\u5e8f\u3002\u603b\u7edf\u9ea6\u91d1\u83b1\uff08William McKinley\uff09\u58f0\u79f0\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u53bb\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u89e3\u653e\u3001\u6587\u660e\u5316\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u5316\u5415\u5b8b\u5c9b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4e1a\u63a8\u5411\u6240\u6709\u7684\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u7fa4\u5c9b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5929\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f0f\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u79f0\u4e4b\u201c\u4ec1\u6148\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff08benevolent imperialism\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4f7f\u547d\u5728\u4e8e\u6587\u660e\u5316\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u5316\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u6b64\u63a8\u9500\u5e26\u6709\u7f8e\u56fd\u5370\u8bb0\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u201d \uff08liberty\uff09\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u7406\u4f1a\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u6797\u66fc\u00b7\u827e\u4f2f\u7279\uff08Lyman J. Abbott\uff09\u5c31\u66fe\u547c\u5401\u628a\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u201c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5373\u81ea\u7531\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u5904\u4e8e\u201c\u9540\u91d1\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u7684\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u5de5\u5546\u4e1a\u5927\u53d1\u5c55\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u8d22\u5bcc\uff0c\u4e3a\u5176\u6d77\u5916\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u7b56\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u800c\u5929\u547d\u662d\u662d\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u89c2\u5ff5\u53c8\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6c\u53d8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u9053\u4e49\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u4fbf\u662f\u7531\u8fd9\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5dee\u5e8f\u6587\u660e\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u5929\u8d4b\u4f7f\u547d\u201d\u5305\u88c5\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u7f8e\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5757\u6d77\u5916\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7530\u3002\u300a\u534e\u76db\u987f\u90ae\u62a5\u300b\u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u793e\u8bba\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u964d\u4e34\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5934\u4e0a\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u79cd\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u2014\u2014\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u8fd9\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u6e34\u671b\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u53bb\u5c55\u793a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u6e34\u671b\u3002\u8fd9\u6216\u8bb8\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u91ce\u517d\u65b0\u5c1d\u4e86\u9c9c\u8840\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u96c4\u5fc3\u3001\u5229\u76ca\u3001\u8363\u8000\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u571f\u5730\u7684\u6e34\u671b\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u662f\u5bf9\u6218\u6597\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u70ed\u7231\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u88ab\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u6240\u652f\u914d\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u5bf9\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u5947\u602a\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4e1b\u6797\u4e2d\u9c9c\u8840\u7684\u5473\u9053\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u53e3\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u54c1\u5c1d\u5230\u4e86\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u6ecb\u5473\u3002\u5b83\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u653f\u7b56\u5c06\u7528\u6b66\u88c5\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d6\u4ee3\u91cd\u65b0\u7ad9\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u6ecb\u5473\u8ba9\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7684\u653f\u5ba2\u4eec\u5174\u594b\u4e0d\u5df2\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6446\u8131\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u7b2c\u4e8c\u68af\u961f\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u5e93\u4ec0\u66fc\u00b7\u6234\u7ef4\u65af\uff08Cushman Kellogg Davis\uff09\u5ba3\u79f0\uff0c\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u5927\u9646\u4e0a\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u6d3b\u7740\uff0c\u611f\u8c22\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7edd\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u5bb6\u6b3a\u8d1f\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u5927\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fd8\u662f\u5c0f\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u30021898\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u201c\u5e72\u6d89\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u65e5\u6e10\u62ac\u5934\uff0c\u4fe8\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u79ef\u6781\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u65b0\u5174\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u95e8\u6237\u5f00\u653e\u201d\u653f\u7b56<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u5360\u9886\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u82f1\u3001\u6cd5\u3001\u4fc4\u3001\u5fb7\u3001\u65e5\u7b49\u6380\u8d77\u74dc\u5206\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ade\u8d5b\uff0c\u5360\u4e86\u5148\u624b\u3002\u4e3a\u514d\u672c\u56fd\u5546\u4e1a\u5229\u76ca\u53d7\u6b64\u74dc\u5206\u72c2\u6f6e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u6d77\u7ea6\u7ff0\uff08John Hay\uff09\u4e8e1899\u5e749\u6708\u81f312\u6708\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5411\u82f1\u56fd\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u610f\u5927\u5229\u3001\u4fc4\u56fd\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u53d1\u51fa\u7167\u4f1a\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5404\u56fd\u7ef4\u7cfb\u5728\u534e\u52bf\u529b\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u901a\u5546\u53e3\u5cb8\u7684\u8d38\u6613\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u4fdd\u6301\u5f00\u653e\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u95e8\u6237\u5f00\u653e\u201d\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u8981\u70b9\u6709\u4e09\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5bf9\u4ed6\u56fd\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u201c\u5229\u76ca\u8303\u56f4\u201d\uff08sphere of interest\uff09\u3001\u79df\u501f\u5730\u5185\u7684\u6761\u7ea6\u53e3\u5cb8\u548c\u65e2\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4e00\u6982\u4e0d\u52a0\u5e72\u6d89\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5728\u5404\u52bf\u529b\u8303\u56f4\u53e3\u5cb8\u88c5\u5378\u7684\u5404\u56fd\u8d27\u7269\uff0c\u5747\u6309\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u884c\u6761\u7ea6\u7a0e\u5219\u7f34\u7eb3\u7a0e\u6b3e\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u7a0e\u6b3e\u7531\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5f81\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u5404\u56fd\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9a76\u5165\u5176\u52bf\u529b\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u4ed6\u56fd\u8239\u53ea\u4e0d\u5f97\u5f81\u6536\u9ad8\u4e8e\u672c\u56fd\u8239\u53ea\u7684\u5165\u6e2f\u8d39\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u6240\u4fee\u5efa\u6216\u7ecf\u8425\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u6765\u8fd0\u9001\u7684\u4ed6\u56fd\u8d27\u7269\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5f81\u6536\u9ad8\u4e8e\u672c\u56fd\u8d27\u7269\u7684\u8fd0\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u6b64\u201c\u95e8\u6237\u5f00\u653e\u201d\u7684\u63d0\u8bae\uff0c\u5404\u56fd\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5747\u672a\u516c\u5f00\u53cd\u5bf9\u30021900\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u6d77\u7ea6\u7ff0\u53d1\u8868\u58f0\u660e\u8bf4\u5404\u56fd\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u8be5\u63d0\u8bae\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u4e49\u548c\u56e2\u5df2\u8fdb\u5165\u5317\u4eac\u5e76\u5305\u56f4\u5404\u56fd\u9a7b\u534e\u4f7f\u9986\u533a\u30027\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u518d\u6b21\u7167\u4f1a\u5404\u56fd\uff0c\u91cd\u7533\u6b64\u201c\u95e8\u6237\u5f00\u653e\u201d\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5e76\u547c\u5401\u5404\u56fd\u7ef4\u7cfb\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9886\u571f\u548c\u884c\u653f\u6743\u5b8c\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u5bf9\u201c\u95e8\u6237\u5f00\u653e\u201d\u671b\u6587\u751f\u4e49\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5217\u5f3a\u8981\u6c42\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f00\u653e\u95e8\u6237\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5927\u9519\u7279\u9519\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u653f\u7b56\u7cfb\u5728\u534e\u5217\u5f3a\u7ea6\u5b9a\u5f7c\u6b64\u5f00\u653e\u5176\u95e8\u6237\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u81ea\u52bf\u529b\u8303\u56f4\u8986\u76d6\u4e0b\u7684\u53e3\u5cb8\u81ea\u7531\u901a\u5546\uff0c\u5229\u76ca\u5747\u6cbe\u3002\u8d28\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf8\u5f3a\u5171\u540c\u538b\u69a8\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u8054\u5408\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u548c\u201c\u8054\u5408\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3002\u4fdd\u6301\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u571f\u53ca\u884c\u653f\u6743\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u662f\u8bf8\u56fd\u5728\u534e\u5f7c\u6b64\u95e8\u6237\u5f00\u653e\u3001\u5229\u76ca\u5747\u6cbe\u7684\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u5982\u82e5\u4e2d\u56fd\u88ab\u5272\u88c2\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u5c0f\u5757\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u653f\u7b56\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u4ece\u63a8\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
1899\u5e748\u670823\u65e5\u7f8e\u56fd\u6742\u5fd7Puck\u520a\u53d1\u7684\u6709\u5173\u201c\u95e8\u6237\u5f00\u653e\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6f2b\u753b\u3002\u4ee3\u8868\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5c71\u59c6\u5927\u53d4\u7ad9\u624b\u6301\u201c\u5bf9\u534e\u8d38\u6613\u534f\u5b9a\u201d\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u610f\u5927\u5229\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u3001\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u5219\u5fd9\u7740\u5207\u5272\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<\/div>\n

\u201c\u95e8\u6237\u5f00\u653e\u201d\u662f\u6d77\u7ea6\u7ff0\u7684\u597d\u53cb\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u67d4\u514b\u4e49\uff08William Woodville Rockhill\uff09\u6784\u601d\u7684\u3002\u67d4\u514b\u4e49\u65e9\u57281884\u5e74\u5c31\u5230\u5317\u4eac\u4efb\u9a7b\u534e\u4f7f\u9986\u79d8\u4e66\uff0c\u6c49\u6587\u529f\u5e95\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u611f\u60c5\u9887\u6df1\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u8c0b\u5212\u201c\u95e8\u6237\u5f00\u653e\u201d\u5e76\u975e\u8981\u53bb\u62ef\u6551\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\u5949\u884c\u5bf9\u534e\u5916\u4ea4\u201c\u4e2d\u7acb\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u653f\u7b56\u57281900\u5e74\u524d\u540e\u4e5f\u8d70\u5230\u4e86\u5c3d\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd1784\u5e74\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u8d38\u6613\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u767e\u4f59\u5e74\u5bf9\u534e\u4ea4\u5f80\u5747\u56f4\u7ed5\u5546\u4e1a\u5229\u76ca\u8fd9\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u63d2\u624b\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u30021898\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ece\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u624b\u4e2d\u62a2\u5360\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u5e1d\u56fd\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u534e\u653f\u7b56\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u201c\u95e8\u6237\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u63a8\u51fa\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5230\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u6218\u961f\u4fbf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u516b\u56fd\u8054\u519b\u4e4b\u4e00\u6253\u8fdb\u4e86\u5317\u4eac\u7d2b\u7981\u57ce\uff0c\u67d4\u514b\u4e49\u5219\u51fa\u4efb\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ee3\u8868\u5230\u5317\u4eac\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5728\u300a\u8f9b\u4e11\u8bae\u548c\u6761\u6b3e\u300b\u4e0a\u7b7e\u5b57\u3002\u4ece\u6b64\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5bf9\u534e\u653f\u7b56\u9664\u4e86\u5546\u8d38\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e26\u4e0a\u4e86\u201c\u5f81\u670d\u201d\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3002<\/p>\n

\u897f\u82d1\u4f1a\u9762<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u4f46\u6148\u79a7\u592a\u540e\u4e5f\u5e76\u975e\u5168\u7136\u50f5\u5316\u5b88\u65e7\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u201c\u767e\u65e5\u7ef4\u65b0\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u524d\u4e0d\u4e45\u76841898\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u5979\u8fd8\u7834\u4f8b\u63a5\u89c1\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u6d77\u56e0\u91cc\u5e0c\u4eb2\u738b\uff08Prince Albert Wilhelm Heinrich\uff09\u3002\u6d77\u56e0\u91cc\u5e0c\u4eb2\u738b\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u7687\u5e1d\u5a01\u5ec9\u4e8c\u4e16\u7684\u5f1f\u5f1f\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7387\u9886\u5fb7\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u524d\u6765\u52a0\u5f3a\u80f6\u5dde\u6e7e\u9632\u536b\uff0c\u7cfb\u5c71\u4e1c\u5de8\u91ce\u6559\u6848\u540e\u5fb7\u56fd\u5f3a\u79df\u80f6\u5dde\u6e7e\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6148\u79a7\u592a\u540e\u5fc3\u77e5\u671d\u5ef7\u5371\u6b86\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u63a5\u89c1\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u4eb2\u738b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5979\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63a5\u89c1\u6b27\u6d32\u7537\u6027\u5b98\u5458\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u9a7b\u4eac\u516c\u4f7f\u56e2\u4e3b\u4efb\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u5916\u4ea4\u8d44\u5386\u6700\u6df1\u7684\u516c\u4f7f\u62c5\u4efb\uff0c\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u804c\u52a1\uff09\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u4f7f\u7aa6\u7eb3\u4e50\uff08Claude Maxwell MacDonald\uff09\uff0c\u7aa6\u7eb3\u4e50\u592b\u4eba\u5219\u62c5\u4efb\u516c\u4f7f\u592b\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u9886\u73ed\uff0c\u5979\u6258\u6d77\u56e0\u91cc\u5e0c\u4eb2\u738b\u5411\u6148\u79a7\u592a\u540e\u8f6c\u8fbe\u516c\u4f7f\u592b\u4eba\u4eec\u89d0\u89c1\u592a\u540e\u5e76\u4e3a\u592a\u540e\u8d3a\u5bff\u7684\u613f\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n

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