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<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u6218\u524d\u7684\u65e7\u5baa\u6cd5\u300a\u5927\u65e5\u672c\u5e1d\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u300a\u660e\u6cbb\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\uff081889\u5e74\u9881\u5e03\uff0c1890\u5e74\u5b9e\u65bd\uff09<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u8bae\u4f1a\u52bf\u529b\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u7531\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5360\u636e\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u653f\u515a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7ec4\u9601\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4ece\u5927\u6b63\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u662d\u548c\u521d\u671f\u7684\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u300a\u660e\u6cbb\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u4f53\u5236\u4e0b\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u98de\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u597d\u666f\u4e0d\u957f\uff0c\u662d\u548c\u4ee5\u964d\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u5916\u4fb5\u7565\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u6781\u529b\u50ac\u5316\u4e0b\uff0c\u201c\u8bae\u4f1a\u653f\u6cbb\u963b\u788d\u653f\u5e9c\u51b3\u7b56\u201d\u7684\u53cd\u52a8\u601d\u60f3\u6b7b\u7070\u590d\u71c3\u5e76\u6108\u6f14\u6108\u70c8\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u5316\u548c\u5bf9\u5916\u5168\u9762\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u6076\u679c\u3002\u548c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u85e9\u9600\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u673a\u7406\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u519b\u90e8\u52bf\u529b\u4e5f\u662f\u201c\u631f\u5929\u5b50\u4ee5\u4ee4\u8bf8\u4faf\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u8bf4\u6210\u662f\u201c\u5929\u7687\u7684\u610f\u601d\u201d\uff08\u5f53\u7136\u662d\u548c\u5929\u7687\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u4e0d\u65ad\u6d88\u706d\u653f\u654c\u3001\u538b\u5236\u8206\u8bba\u548c\u8fdb\u6b65\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u65e5\u672c\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u9677\u5165\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u6ce5\u6f6d\u4e0d\u53ef\u81ea\u62d4\u3002\u519b\u90e8\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u4e00\u70b9\u70b9\u8695\u98df\u5e76\u5f7b\u5e95\u6bc1\u706d\u4e86\u5927\u6b63\u6c11\u4e3b\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u81ea\u53d1\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5fae\u5f31\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u9ed8\u8bb8\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u300a\u660e\u6cbb\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u3002\u201d\uff08P112\uff09<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

1960\u5e74\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u7f14\u7ed3\u65b0\u300a\u65e5\u7f8e\u5b89\u4fdd\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u53cd\u6218\u8fd0\u52a8\u201c\u5b89\u4fdd\u6597\u4e89\u201d\u98ce\u8d77\u4e91\u6d8c\uff0c\u56fe\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e1c\u4eac\u7684\u56fd\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e8b\u5802\u524d\u51e0\u5341\u4e07\u6c11\u4f17\u793a\u5a01\u6e38\u884c\u7684\u76db\u51b5\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5cb8\u4fe1\u4ecb\u5185\u9601\u88ab\u8feb\u5012\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u65e2\u7136\u56fd\u4f1a\uff08\u8bae\u5458\uff09\u3001\u5185\u9601\u3001\u5404\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u516c\u52a1\u5458\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u80cc\u5f03\u56fd\u6c11\u4e4b\u4fe1\u8d56\u800c\u8fdd\u53cd\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5baa\u6cd5\u5230\u5e95\u7531\u8c01\u6765\u5b88\u62a4\u5462\uff1f\u4f50\u85e4\u8fdb\u800c\u629b\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u8d28\u6734\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u3002\u9996\u5f53\u5176\u51b2\u5e94\u8be5\u60f3\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53f8\u6cd5\u673a\u5173\u7684\u6cd5\u9662\u3002\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u300a\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u91c7\u7528\u7f8e\u56fd\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u9644\u968f\u5ba1\u67e5\u578b\u7684\u8fdd\u5baa\u5ba1\u67e5\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\uff08\u88c1\u5224\u6240\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u51b3\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6cd5\u4ee4\u8fdd\u5baa\u65e0\u6548\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u548c\u6cd5\u5b98\u662f\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8005\uff08\u300c\u61b2\u6cd5\u306e\u756a\u4eba\u300d\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f50\u85e4\u5728\u6b64\u8bdd\u950b\u4e00\u8f6c\uff0c\u5faa\u5faa\u5584\u8bf1\u7684\u7ed9\u4e88\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u542f\u53d1\uff1a\u201c\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u4eec\u89c9\u5f97\uff0c\u5baa\u6cd5\u5b88\u62a4\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5168\u90e8\u4ea4\u7ed9\u6cd5\u9662\u5c31\u591f\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u201d\uff08P172\uff09<\/p>\n

\u8981\u60f3\u597d\u597d\u5b88\u62a4\u5baa\u6cd5\uff0c\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u5168\u90e8\u53ea\u5bc4\u6258\u5728\u6cd5\u9662\u548c\u6cd5\u5b98\u8eab\u4e0a\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u591f\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4ece\u6e90\u5934\u4e0a\u540c\u8fdd\u53cd\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u4e11\u6076\u884c\u4e3a\u4f5c\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\u8fdd\u5baa\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4ece\u884c\u4f7f\u9009\u4e3e\u6743\u8fd9\u4e00\u6e90\u5934\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e0\u89c6\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u5f53\u9009\u3001\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e0\u89c6\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u653f\u515a\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u4f1a\u591a\u6570\u515a\uff1b\u9000\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e8b\u6001\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5728\u5baa\u6cd5\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u81ea\u89c9\u7684\u56e2\u7ed3\u594b\u8d77\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u6279\u5224\u3001\u653b\u51fb\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u7528\u8a00\u8bba\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5c06\u8fdd\u53cd\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u4e11\u6076\u884c\u4e3a\u4ece\u6e90\u5934\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5c01\u6740\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u201c\u6cd5\u9662\u662f\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8005\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fde\u56fd\u4f1a\u3001\u5185\u9601\u3001\u8bae\u5458\u548c\u653f\u515a\u672c\u6765\u4e5f\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u56fd\u6c11\u5219\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b88\u62a4\u8005\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8005\u3002\u201d\uff08P173\uff09\u56fd\u6c11\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u5b88\u62a4\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u81ea\u89c9\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u4f1a\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u673a\u5173\u60f3\u8981\u7834\u574f\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u633a\u8eab\u800c\u51fa\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u5236\u6b62\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e0d\u5f53\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u201c\u6700\u7ec8\u5b88\u62a4\u5baa\u6cd5\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd8\u662f\u56fd\u6c11\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u201d\uff08P174\uff09<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u56fd\u6c11\u5177\u4f53\u53c8\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u5b88\u62a4\u5baa\u6cd5\u5462\uff1f\u4f50\u85e4\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5baa\u6cd5\u7531\u56fd\u6c11\u5236\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e5f\u7406\u5e94\u7531\u56fd\u6c11\u6765\u5b88\u62a4\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u4e3e\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u201c\u628a\u5173\u201d\u4e25\u683c\u7b5b\u9009\u8bae\u5458\u4eba\u9009\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u529e\u6cd5\u4fbf\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u56e2\u7ed3\u4e00\u81f4\u5236\u9020\u8206\u8bba\u7684\u538b\u529b\u53bb\u8361\u6da4\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6c61\u6d4a\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5baa\u6cd5\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e86\u4fee\u6539\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5236\u5b9a\u548c\u5b88\u62a4\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u8d23\u4efb\u4eba\u662f\u56fd\u6c11\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u662f\u3002\u300a\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c96\u6761\uff08\u5baa\u6cd5\u4fee\u6539\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff09\u5c31\u4e25\u683c\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5373\u53c2\u4f17\u4e24\u9662\u5168\u4f53\u8bae\u5458\u7684\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8d5e\u6210\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5168\u6c11\u516c\u6295\u7684\u8fc7\u534a\u6570\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8d5e\u6210\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\u5baa\u6cd5\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5baa\u6cd5\u4fee\u6539\u662f\u6709\u754c\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u73b0\u884c\u65e5\u672c\u5baa\u6cd5\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u539f\u5219\u2014\u2014\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u56fd\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\u4ee5\u53ca\u548c\u5e73\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5baa\u6cd5\u4fee\u6539\u6240\u4e0d\u80fd\u64bc\u52a8\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

2014\u5e747\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u9996\u76f8\u5b89\u500d\u664b\u4e09\uff08\u524d\u9996\u76f8\u5cb8\u4fe1\u4ecb\u7684\u5916\u5b59\uff09\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed5\u8fc7\u5baa\u6cd5\u7b2c9\u6761\uff08\u548c\u5e73\u6761\u6b3e\uff09\u7684\u9650\u5236\u6027\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5728\u5185\u9601\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u89e3\u7981\u96c6\u4f53\u81ea\u536b\u6743\u51b3\u8bae\u6848\u3002\u56fe\u4e3a\u6b64\u4e3e\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u4e1c\u4eac\u56fd\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e8b\u5802\u524d\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u793a\u5a01\u6e38\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u5374\u6ca1\u80fd\u8feb\u4f7f\u5b89\u500d\u5185\u9601\u4e0b\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n

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