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src=\"https:\/\/img2.baidu.com\/it\/u=1271573522,1214663928&amp;fm=253&amp;fmt=auto&amp;app=138&amp;f=JPEG?w=499&amp;h=500\" 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src=\"https:\/\/img1.baidu.com\/it\/u=954174675,1252369611&amp;fm=253&amp;fmt=auto&amp;app=138&amp;f=JPEG?w=709&amp;h=500\" \/><\/p>\n<p>11\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u6f5c\u79bb\u5229\u5965\u6ce2\u5fb7\u7ef4\u5c14\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u4e1c\u65b9\u7701\uff0c\u60f3\u548c\u540e\u8fc1\u5f80\u65af\u5766\u5229\u7ef4\u5c14\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u653f\u5e9c\u4f1a\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u9014\u4e2d\u88ab\u7ed1\u67b6\u3002\u540e\u88ab\u83ab\u4f0a\u5179\u00b7\u5361\u5954\u8fbe\u00b7\u51b2\u4f2f\u96c6\u56e2\u7834\u5bb3\u30021961\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c4a\u5168\u975e\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u4f1a\u5ba3\u5e03\u4ed6\u4e3a\u975e\u6d32\u82f1\u96c4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1966\u5e74\uff0c\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u653f\u5e9c\u5ba3\u5e03\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u4e3a\u6c11\u65cf\u82f1\u96c4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/v2-9213057c3c7ff503dcecedb4c300fe89_1440w.jpg\" 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src=\"https:\/\/img2.baidu.com\/it\/u=1072322788,985697979&amp;fm=253&amp;fmt=auto&amp;app=138&amp;f=JPEG?w=705&amp;h=500\" 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src=\"https:\/\/img0.baidu.com\/it\/u=2469185653,2218499602&amp;fm=253&amp;fmt=auto&amp;app=138&amp;f=JPEG?w=500&amp;h=375\" 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src=\"https:\/\/pica.zhimg.com\/v2-108ef863c256935534567a83e61ee60c_1440w.jpg\" 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src=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/v2-c11b576365b49580c0a29f1fc076405f_1440w.jpg\" 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src=\"https:\/\/pica.zhimg.com\/v2-fbbd43d73d4892b3d00761ca8d9c243a_1440w.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\uff0c\u6df7\u4e71\u4e0d\u582a\u3002\u533b\u9662\u7f3a\u533b\u5c11\u836f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u533b\u62a4\u4eba\u5458\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u5883\u5185\u7684\u9053\u8def\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u53c8\u7f3a\u5c11\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u5751\u5751\u6d3c\u6d3c\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5371\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u6c34\u7f51\u53d1\u8fbe\uff0c\u6c34\u8def\u8fd0\u8f93\u53d1\u5c55\u6761\u4ef6\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u6c34\u8fd0\u884c\u4e1a\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u5931\u4e1a\u7387\u6781\u9ad8\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6bd4\u72ec\u7acb\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd8\u8981\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u8d44\u6c34\u5e73\u4ec5\u4ec5\u8fbe\u52301960\u5e74\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u5341\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u56fd\u6c11\u957f\u671f\u5904\u4e8e\u9965\u997f\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u6784\u7edf\u8ba1\u9996\u90fd\u91d1\u6c99\u842840%\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u8425\u517b\u4e0d\u826f\u3002\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u519c\u4e1a\u4ea7\u91cf\u975e\u5e38\u53ef\u601c\uff0c\u4ec5\u67091%\u7684\u571f\u5730\u88ab\u8015\u79cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6574\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u4eba\u8fc7\u95ee\u3002\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u627e\u53e3\u996d\u5403\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u5927\u591a\u6570\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u4eba\u5fd9\u788c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1970\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7ec8\u4e8e\u540c\u610f\u6539\u9769\u3002\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u94f6\u884c\u6d3e\u6765\u4e86\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u638c\u7ba1\u5173\u952e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6d77\u5173\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e5f\u7531\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u62c5\u4efb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u907f\u514d\u90a3\u4e9b\u5173\u7cfb\u901a\u5929\u7684\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u516c\u53f8\u9003\u7a0e\uff0c\u76d1\u7763\u4ed6\u4eec\u7b26\u5408\u5916\u6c47\u76d1\u7ba1\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1978\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9000\u4f11\u7684\u94f6\u884c\u5bb6\u5e03\u9c81\u95e8\u6258\u5c14\uff08Blumenthal\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u638c\u7ba1\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u94f6\u884c\u300211\u6708\uff0c\u5e03\u9c81\u95e8\u6258\u5c14\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e8650\u5bb6\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u540d\u5355\u4e0a\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u6d89\u53ca\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u8fdb\u51fa\u53e3\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u507f\u8fd8\u6240\u6709\u503a\u52a1\u548c\u62d6\u6b20\u632a\u7528\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5916\u6c47\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u5bf9\u53e6\u591650\u5bb6\u4f01\u4e1a\u5c55\u5f00\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u540d\u5355\u91cc\u9762\u51e0\u4e4e\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4f01\u4e1a\u90fd\u662f\u8499\u535a\u6258\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u4e24\u5bb6\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u53d4\u53d4\u91cc\u6258\u00b7\u9a6c\u6ce2\u63d0\uff08LithoMaboti\uff09\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e03\u9c81\u95e8\u6258\u5c14\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f01\u4e1a\u507f\u8fd8\u4e86\u91d1\u989d\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e50\u89c2\u3002\u8499\u535a\u6258\u81ea\u5df1\u90fd\u5ba3\u5e031979\u5e74\u5c06\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u8981\u6253\u51fb\u8150\u8d25\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e50\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1979\u5e74\uff0c\u5e03\u9c81\u95e8\u6258\u5c14\u5c31\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u79bb\u804c\u3002\u5728\u5e03\u9c81\u95e8\u6258\u5c14\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e03\u9c81\u95e8\u6258\u5c14\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u57fa\u91d1\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u8bda\u5b9e\u7684\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u4eba\u4e00\u8d77\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u5236\u5ea6\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u9010\u6e10\u7834\u574f\u7684\u3002\u5e03\u9c81\u95e8\u6258\u5c14\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u5a01\u80c1\u30021979\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u4e00\u4f19\u5168\u526f\u6b66\u88c5\u7684\u58eb\u5175\u51b2\u8fdb\u4e86\u4e2d\u592e\u94f6\u884c\u5e03\u9c81\u95e8\u6258\u5c14\u7684\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5c06\u519b\u63d0\u53d6\u5916\u6c47\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7ef4\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u3002\u5728\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u9ad8\u5c42\u4ec5\u662f\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5708\u5b50\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6765\u81ea\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u5bb6\u4e61\u548c\u90e8\u65cf\u3002\u5173\u952e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u4efb\u547d\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u8499\u535a\u6258\u4eb2\u81ea\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u5b98\u5458\u6743\u529b\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7ecf\u5e38\u66f4\u6362\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd8\u7ecf\u5e38\u5229\u7528\u964d\u804c\u3001\u902e\u6355\u7b49\u624b\u6bb5\u964d\u4f4e\u5b98\u5458\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f8e\u56fd\u8bb0\u8005\u63cf\u8ff0\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9664\u4e86\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u53ea\u670980\u4e2a\u4eba\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u3002\u800c\u8fd980\u4e2a\u4eba\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u670920\u4e2a\u5728\u5f53\u90e8\u957f\uff0c20\u4e2a\u5728\u5f53\u5927\u4f7f\uff0c\u8fd8\u670920\u4e2a\u6d41\u4ea1\u6d77\u5916\uff0c20\u4e2a\u88ab\u5173\u5728\u76d1\u72f1\u91cc\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/pica.zhimg.com\/v2-af0f4cbfdff572c35c546cd5e6029446_1440w.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u6982\u6bcf\u9694\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5c31\u4f1a\u6362\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u662f\u8363\u662f\u8fb1\uff0c\u5168\u770b\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c31\u662f\u5361\u5c14\u4f0a\u90a6\u5fb7\uff08NguzaKarl-i-Bond\uff09\u3002\u5361\u5c14\u4f0a\u90a6\u5fb7\u57281974\u5e74\u548c1976\u5e74\u4e24\u6b21\u62c5\u4efb\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u957f\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u975e\u5e38\u706b\uff0c\u88ab\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u8ba4\u5b9a\u662f\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u4eba\u30021977\u5e74\uff0c\u5361\u5c14\u4f0a\u90a6\u5fb7\u88ab\u63a7\u5377\u5165\u53db\u4e71\uff0c\u5728\u8650\u5f85\u540e\u5224\u5904\u6b7b\u5211\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u88ab\u8d66\u514d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1979\u5e74\uff0c\u5361\u5c14\u4f0a\u90a6\u5fb7\u5374\u53c8\u6210\u4e86\u9996\u76f8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u52301981\u5e74\u5c31\u9003\u79bb\u4e86\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\uff0c\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u56db\u5904\u5ba3\u8bb2\u8499\u535a\u6258\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u9ed1\u6697\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f17\u8bae\u9662\u4f5c\u8bc1\u63ed\u9732\u8499\u535a\u6258\uff0c\u8fd8\u5199\u4e66\u62a8\u51fb\u8499\u535a\u6258\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c1985\u5e74\uff0c\u5361\u5c14\u4f0a\u90a6\u5fb7\u53c8\u8fdb\u5165\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u9a7b\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u4f7f\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u5f53\u4e0a\u4e86\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u957f\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u53c8\u6210\u4e3a\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u9996\u76f8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6309\u7167\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u65e2\u8981\u628a\u670b\u53cb\u653e\u5728\u8eab\u8fb9\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u628a\u654c\u4eba\u653e\u5728\u8eab\u8fb9\uff1a\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u6d41\u4ea1\u662f\u5f88\u5371\u9669\u7684\uff0c\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\uff1b\u5bf9\u4ed8\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u51cf\u5c11\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6bc1\u6389\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u8005\u90fd\u559c\u6b22\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e38\u620f\u30021980\u5e74\uff0c15\u540d\u8bae\u5458\u8054\u540d\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u957f\u8fbe51\u9875\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5bf9\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8fdb\u884c\u8c34\u8d23\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8499\u535a\u6258\u4e2a\u4eba\u662f\u9020\u6210\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u7684\u5404\u9879\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8981\u6c42\u516c\u5f00\u900f\u660e\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u3002\u8499\u535a\u6258\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u902e\u6355\uff0c\u6d41\u653e\u5230\u504f\u8fdc\u7684\u6751\u5e84\u91cc\u9762\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u51b3\u5b9a\u653e\u5f03\u5bf9\u6297\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e3a\u8499\u535a\u6258\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u62d2\u7edd\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1982\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u90e8\u957f\u897f\u585e\u51ef\u8482\uff08Etienne Tshisekediwa Mulumba\uff09\u7ea0\u96c6\u53cd\u5bf9\u8005\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7acb\u523b\u88ab\u63a7\u8981\u63a8\u7ffb\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5224\u5904\u5f92\u5211\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e00\u5e74\u540e\u53c8\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u897f\u585e\u51ef\u8482\u968f\u540e\u591a\u6b21\u88ab\u6355\uff0c8\u5e74\u5185\u88ab\u635510\u6b21\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ecd\u7136\u575a\u6301\u6279\u8bc4\u8499\u535a\u6258\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5230\u4e861988\u5e74\uff0c\u897f\u585e\u51ef\u8482\u4e5f\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5411\u8499\u535a\u6258\u4f4e\u5934\uff0c\u9000\u51fa\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e2a\u653f\u5e9c\u591a\u4e48\u7684\u8150\u8d25\u72ec \u88c1\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728\u53cd\u82cf\u524d\u7ebf\u7684\u8499\u535a\u6258\u59cb\u7ec8\u5f97\u5230\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5728\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7684\u773c\u91cc\uff0c\u8499\u535a\u6258\u662f\u66b4\u541b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u662f\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u66b4\u541b\uff0c\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u4e16\u754c\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u3002\uff08\u8ddf\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6c99\u7279\u591a\u4e48\u50cf\uff09<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-365bd7b245ed79b5b43ab0fd471a351e_1440w.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u652f\u6301\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u501f\u53e3\uff0c\u662f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u652f\u6301\u8499\u535a\u6258\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7247\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5f531977\u5e74\u548c1978\u5e74\u5b89\u54e5\u62c9\u5185\u6218\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u5408\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6469\u6d1b\u54e5\u7acb\u523b\u51fa\u5175\u63f4\u52a9\u8499\u535a\u6258\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u63f4\u52a9\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6177\u6168\u7684\uff0c\u4ece1965\u5e74\u8499\u535a\u6258\u4e0a\u53f0\u52301988\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u63f4\u52a9\u603b\u989d\u8fbe\u52308.6\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8499\u535a\u6258\u4e0e\u767d\u5bab\u4e5f\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u7d27\u5bc6\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u8001\u5e03\u4ec0\u3002\u65e9\u5728\u8001\u5e03\u4ec0\u4e3b\u638c\u4e2d\u592e\u60c5\u62a5\u5c40\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8499\u535a\u6258\u5c31\u548c\u4ed6\u719f\u8bc6\u30021982\u5e74\u8001\u5e03\u4ec0\u4ee5\u526f\u603b\u7edf\u8eab\u4efd\u8bbf\u95ee\u91d1\u6c99\u8428\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u5927\u52a0\u8d5e\u626c\u30021988\u5e74\u8001\u5e03\u4ec0\u5f53\u9009\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u8499\u535a\u6258\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u98de\u5230\u534e\u76db\u987f\u4e0e\u8001\u670b\u53cb\u91cd\u805a\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbf\u95ee\u8001\u5e03\u4ec0\u7684\u975e\u6d32\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u7ad9\u5728\u767d\u5bab\u7684\u5357\u8349\u576a\u4e0a\uff0c\u8001\u5e03\u4ec0\u53d1\u8868\u8bb2\u8bdd\uff1a\u201c\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u8001\u670b\u53cb\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u7684\u603b\u7edf\u8499\u535a\u6258\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6b64\u975e\u5e38\u9a84\u50b2\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u5174\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u4f60\u7684\u5230\u6765\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8499\u535a\u6258\u5728\u6267\u653f\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u5374\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u8f6c\u53d8\u6001\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1973\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u5341\u4f59\u5e74\u95f4\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u4e2d\u56fd\u6240\u6709\u5a92\u4f53\u6012\u65a5\u4e3a\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d70\u72d7\u201d\u7684\u8499\u535a\u6258\u603b\u7edf\u62b5\u8fbe\u4e25\u5bd2\u7b3c\u7f69\u7684\u5317\u4eac\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u201c\u7ea2\u65d7\u201d\u8f7f\u8f66\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u7684\u94c1\u8155\u4eba\u7269\u611f\u6168\u7cfb\u4e4b\uff1a\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u6211\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u53cb\u597d\u60c5\u8c0a\u3002\u201d\u6e29\u6587\u5c14\u96c5\u7684\u5468\u6069\u6765\u603b\u7406\u7b54\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u6d77\u5c14\u00b7\u585e\u62c9\u897f\u7687\u5e1d\u548c\u5c3c\u96f7\u5c14\u603b\u7edf\u90fd\u8bf4\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u975e\u6d32\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u670b\u53cb\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>1\u67083\u65e5\u508d\u665a5\u65f630\u5206\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2d \u5357\u6d77\u5b8c\u5168\u9690\u5165\u51ac\u65e5\u7684\u6c89\u6c89\u66ae\u8272\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6bdb \u6cfd\u4e1c\u5728\u6e38\u6cf3\u6c60\u4e66\u623f\u4f1a\u89c1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4f4d\u53f1\u54a4\u98ce\u4e91\u3001\u5b54\u6b66\u6709\u529b\u7684\u5c06\u519b\u3002\u201c\u6839\u636e\u6211\u4eec\u515a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u8981\u6234\u8fd9\u79cd\u8c79\u76ae\u5e3d\u5b50\u3002\u201d\u521d\u6b21\u89c1\u9762\u7684\u8499\u535a\u6258\u5fd9\u4e0d\u8fed\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u8fd9\u8eab\u88c5\u675f\u89e3\u91ca\u9053\u3002\u201c\u6211\u6234\u7684\u5e3d\u5b50\u662f\u771f\u8c79\u76ae\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6234\u7684\u662f\u5047\u8c79\u76ae\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u6307\u6307\u8eab\u65c1\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u56fd\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u6069\u53e4\u624e\u3002\u201c\u8c79\u76ae\uff0c\u5413\u4eba\u554a\uff01\u201d\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4ef0\u5934\u6307\u6307\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u5e3d\u5b50\uff0c\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7684\u5fae\u7b11\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/picx.zhimg.com\/v2-451de85b6c245ce0d2c27efe167ee9a3_1440w.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u4f60\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u6765\u6bd4\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u5feb\u3002\u8bf4\u6765\u5c31\u6765\u5566\uff0c\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u6765\u3002\u201d\u201c\u5bf9\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u6765\u5f97\u53ca\u3002\u201d\u5f85\u5bbe\u4e3b\u843d\u5ea7\u540e\uff0c\u98ce\u8da3\u800c\u5766\u7387\u7684\u8c08\u8bdd\u4fbf\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u57fa\u8d5e\u52a0\u3001\u7f2a\u585e\u5c14\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u4f60\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u94b1\u548c\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6253\uff0c\u6253\u4e0d\u8d62\u554a\uff01\u90a3\u6211\u6709\u5565\u529e\u6cd5\u554a\uff1f\u201d\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u6beb\u4e0d\u63a9\u9970\u5730\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u4f7f\u6211\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u7edf\u7edf\u52fe\u9500\uff01\u201d\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u8c6a\u723d\u4e1d\u6beb\u6ca1\u6709\u51b2\u6de1\u6bdb \u6cfd\u4e1c\u5e7d\u9ed8\u91cc\u7684\u4e25\u8083\u53cd\u7701\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bdb \u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u5766\u8bda\u4ee4\u8499\u535a\u6258\u5927\u4e3a\u611f\u52a8\u3002\u51fa\u4e86\u4e2d \u5357\u6d77\uff0c\u4ed6\u6fc0\u52a8\u5730\u5bf9\u5468\u6069\u6765\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u6d3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u60a8\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5927\u4f7f\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u597d\uff01\u201d\u5468\u6069\u6765\u5341\u5206\u75db\u5feb\u5730\u7b54\u5e94\u4e86\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u6bd4\u53f0\u6e7e\u641e\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\uff01\u201d<\/p>\n<p>1980\u30011982\u30011994\u5e74\u518d\u5ea6\u8bbf\u534e\uff0c\u524d\u540e\u5171\u4e94\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/pic3.zhimg.com\/v2-efb899040f43edb08f66ee2709236f38_1440w.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u4fc3\u6210\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u6267\u653f\u957f\u8fbe32\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e45\u7684\u8499\u535a\u6258\u653f\u6743\u88ab\u63a8\u7ffb\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u662f\u6d1b\u6717\u00b7\u5fb7\u897f\u96f7\u00b7\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\uff0c\u5373\u524d\u4efb\u521a\u679c\u91d1\u603b\u7edf\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/picx.zhimg.com\/v2-9702c16204ae195f1b5a5b52eef1c4c9_1440w.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1938\u5e74\uff0c\u6d1b\u6717\u00b7\u5fb7\u897f\u96f7\u00b7\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u6c99\u5df4\u7701\uff0c\u5df4\u5362\u5df4\u65cf\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u66fe\u5148\u540e\u5728\u5362\u672c\u5df4\u5e0c\u3001\u91d1\u6c99\u8428\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5e76\u66fe\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u5357\u9521\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1960\u5e74\u5728\u521a\u679c\u6446\u8131\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u7edf\u6cbb\u83b7\u5f97\u72ec\u7acb\u524d\u5915\u56de\u56fd\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u7231\u56fd\u7684\u70ed\u8840\u9752\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u79ef\u6781\u6295\u8eab\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u53cd\u6bd4\u7231\u56fd\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u66fe\u53d7\u201c\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u6c11\u65cf\u8fd0\u52a8\u515a\u201d\u6d3e\u9063\u524d\u5f80\u82cf\u8054\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1964\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u88ab\u51b2\u4f2f\u96c6\u56e2\u6740\u5bb3\u540e\uff0c\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u7206\u53d1\u4e86\u7231\u56fd\u6b66\u88c5\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u4e8e4\u6708\u5230\u4e1c\u90e8\u57fa\u4f0d\u7701\u53d1\u52a8\u7fa4\u4f17\uff0c\u5e76\u4efb\u5168\u56fd\u89e3\u653e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e1c\u90e8\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-594f2a2e0a9a9555822d6e52c7571aa2_1440w.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b49\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5e72\u6d89\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u6b66\u88c5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e3b\u8981\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5b9e\u884c\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u519b\u4e8b\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u4ece1965\u5e74\u4e0b\u534a\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u5404\u5730\u6b66\u88c5\u6597\u4e89\u5148\u540e\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u88ab\u8feb\u7387\u4e1c\u7ebf\u6b8b\u90e8\u6570\u767e\u4eba\u64a4\u81f3\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u540c\u5766\u6851\u5c3c\u4e9a\u548c\u5e03\u9686\u8fea\u4ea4\u754c\u7684\u5c71\u533a\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u6e38\u51fb\u6218\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u603b\u7ed3\u8fd9\u6bb5\u6b66\u88c5\u6597\u4e89\u7ecf\u9a8c\u65f6\uff0c\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u515a\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\u4ed6\u4e8e1967\u5e74\u5728\u57fa\u4f0d\u7701\u4e1c\u7aef\u7684\u83f2\u6d4e\u5730\u533a\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u9a6c\u5217\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u201c\u521a\u679c\uff08\u91d1\uff09\u4eba\u6c11\u9769 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\u6b22\u800c\u6563\u3002<\/p>\n<p>5\u670817\u65e5\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u7684\u519b\u961f\u653b\u5165\u91d1\u6c99\u8428\uff0c\u540c\u65e5\uff0c\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u5728\u4e34\u65f6\u9996\u5e9c\u5362\u672c\u5df4\u5e0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u6539\u56fd\u540d\u4e3a\u521a\u679c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\uff0c5\u670829\u65e5\uff0c\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u5728\u91d1\u6c99\u8428\u5ba3\u8a93\u5c31\u4efb\u603b\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1997\u5e74\uff0c\u5361\u62c9\u6bd4\u7387\u9886\u6e38\u51fb\u961f\u653b\u5165\u9996\u90fd\uff0c\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e8630\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u653f\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5361\u62c9\u6bd4\u53d7\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5f71\u54cd\u5f88\u6df1\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u5e74\u8f7b\u65f6\u5c31\u8ddf\u7740\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u53cd\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u5361\u62c9\u6bd4\u5c31\u662f\u5362\u8499\u5df4\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5361\u62c9\u6bd4\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u8499\u535a\u6258\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u62a5\u4e86\u4ec7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8868\u660e\u4e0e\u8499\u535a\u6258\u7684\u5f7b\u5e95\u51b3\u88c2\uff0c\u5361\u62c9\u6bd4\u5c06\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u6539\u56de\u4e3a\u201c\u521a\u679c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u201d\uff0c\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u6cb3\u4e5f\u6539\u56de\u4e3a\u521a\u679c\u6cb3\u3002\u9996\u90fd\u4ecd\u7136\u53eb\u91d1\u838e\u8428\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6539\u56de\u5229\u5965\u6ce2\u5fb7\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4ed6\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u5e26\u6709\u6781\u5f3a\u7684\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u6b96\u6c11\u8272\u5f69\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2001\u5e741\u670816\u65e5\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u906d\u4e0b\u5c5e\u519b\u5b98Rashidi Kasereka\u523asha\uff0c\u4e24\u5929\u540e\u88ab\u8bc1\u5b9e\u5728\u6d25\u5df4\u5e03\u97e6\u4e0d\u6cbb\u8eab\u4ea1\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u523asha\u884c\u52a8\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u672a\u9042\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4e00\u661f\u671f\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u5b50\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u8fd4\u56de\u521a\u679c\uff0c\u7ee7\u4efb\u603b\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-9250e842dde664ff8a63d0f6a3c90456_1440w.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9 (Joseph KabilaKabange) \uff0c1971\u5e746\u67084\u65e5\u751f\u4e8e\u521a\u679c\uff08\u91d1\uff09\u57fa\u4f0d\u7701\u91d1\u675c\u5e02\uff0c\u662f\u521a\u679c\uff08\u91d1\uff09\u5df2\u6545\u603b\u7edf\u6d1b\u6717\u00b7\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u7684\u957f\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u5728\u4e4c\u5e72\u8fbe\u548c\u5766\u6851\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4e0a\u5c0f\u5b66\u548c\u4e2d\u5b66\uff0c1995\u5e74\u5728\u5362\u65fa\u8fbe\u63a5\u53d7\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u8bad\u7ec3\u30021991\u5e74\u81f31993\u5e74\u5728\u5766\u6851\u5c3c\u4e9a\u8fbe\u7d2f\u65af\u8428\u62c9\u59c6\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u519b\u65c5\u751f\u6daf\uff0c1998\u5e74\u66fe\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u519b\u4e8b\u534a\u5e74\u30022006\u5e74\u5728\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\u83b7\u80dc\uff0c\u5ba3\u8a93\u5c31\u4efb\u603b\u7edf\u30022011\u5e74\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u8fde\u4efb\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4ed6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u4efb\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u540c\u6218\u4e89\u76f8\u8fde\u3002\u4ece1960\u5e74\u8d77\u5175\uff0c\u52302001\u5e741\u670816\u65e5\u558b\u8840\u4f1a\u5802\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u4ece\u6765\u540c\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u5982\u5f71\u968f\u5f62\u3002\u751f\u4e8e\u6b64\u5730\uff0c\u957f\u4e8e\u6b64\u5883\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u513f\u5b50\u7684\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u4ece\u5c0f\u5c31\u5bf9\u6218\u706b\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u540c\u7236\u4eb2\u611f\u540c\u8eab\u53d7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/picx.zhimg.com\/v2-2f6264abafdc3b20eded49f836830d1f_1440w.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u521a\u679c\uff08\u91d1\uff09\u7684\u5a5a\u4fd7\uff0c\u540c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u59bb\u59be\u4f17\u591a\uff0c\u5b50\u5973\u6210\u7fa4\u3002\u4f46\u636e\u8bf4\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u662f\u5176\u7236\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f97\u610f\u513f\u5b50\u3002\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u5728\u5c71\u91ce\u91cc\u957f\u9014\u5954\u88ad\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u603b\u8981\u8ba9\u968f\u4ece\u7167\u987e\u597d\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u884c\u7a0b\uff1b\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u5f81\u6218\u6c99\u573a\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u4e0d\u5fd8\u5c06\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u5e26\u5728\u8eab\u8fb9\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4ece\u5c0f\u5c31\u4e60\u60ef\u6728\u4ed3\u6797\u5f39\u96e8\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u8ba9\u513f\u5b50\u63a5\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4ecb\u6b66\u592b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u73af\u5883\u6076\u52a3\uff0c\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u5c06\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u9690\u59d3\u57cb\u540d\u9001\u5f80\u5766\u6851\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u4e00\u6240\u4e2d\u5b66\u5c31\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u4ece\u5c0f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c89\u9ed8\u5be1\u8a00\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u91cc\u540c\u5176\u4ed6\u5b69\u5b50\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u8bfe\u95f4\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u770b\u4e66\u6216\u8005\u6446\u5f04\u6587\u5177\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u751f\u5374\u5f88\u670d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5176\u8c8c\u4e0d\u626c\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0d\uff0d\u4ed6\u4e50\u5584\u597d\u65bd\uff0c\u7231\u4ed7\u4e49\u884c\u4e8b\uff0c\u6253\u62b1\u4e0d\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u5766\u6851\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u53c8\u56de\u5230\u7236\u4eb2\u8eab\u8fb9\u3002\u4ece\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4f34\u968f\u7236\u4eb2\u4ece\u519b\u7684\u6218\u706b\u751f\u6daf\u3002\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u671f\u5bf9\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u96be\u5f97\u7684\u953b\u70bc\u7ecf\u5386\u2014\u2014\u65f6\u800c\u8eab\u9677\u7edd\u5883\uff0c\u65f6\u800c\u7ffb\u5c71\u8d8a\u5cad\uff0c\u65f6\u800c\u653b\u57ce\u62d4\u5be8\uff0c\u65f6\u800c\u6536\u5175\u8c08\u5224\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u5f81\u6218\uff0c\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u52a8\u8fc5\u6377\u3001\u5403\u82e6\u8010\u52b3\u7684\u6218\u58eb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1995\u5e74\uff0c\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u518d\u6b21\u8ba9\u513f\u5b50\u79bb\u5f00\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u662f\u5c06\u4ed6\u9001\u5f80\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd8\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u652f\u6301\u56fd\u5362\u65fa\u8fbe\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u5168\u9762\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u57f9\u8bad\u30021996\u5e74\uff0c\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u6218\u4e8b\u8d8b\u7d27\uff0c\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u518d\u6b21\u56de\u5230\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u8eab\u8fb9\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u7684\u5de6\u8180\u53f3\u81c2\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/v2-ef95d2402cd50925c2193928a6a66a6b_1440w.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1997\u5e745\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u5728\u624e\u4f0a\u5c14\u4e1c\u90e8\u57ce\u5e02\u5362\u672c\u5df4\u5e0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u5c31\u4efb\u56fd\u5bb6\u5143\u9996\uff0c\u5e76\u51b3\u5b9a\u6539\u56fd\u540d\u4e3a\u521a\u679c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u521a\u679c\uff08\u91d1\uff09\u6d3e\u522b\u4f17\u591a\uff0c\u65b0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u77db\u76fe\u9519\u7efc\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bfb\u6c42\u6743\u5229\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u9664\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u517c\u4efb\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u957f\u8981\u804c\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5fd8\u8bb0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\uff0c\u5c06\u4ed6\u5b89\u63d2\u5728\u519b\u961f\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u526f\u603b\u53c2\u8c0b\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51fa\u4efb\u519b\u961f\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u6539\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6027\u60c5\u51b7\u9759\u3001\u6c89\u9ed8\u5be1\u8a00\u7684\u6027\u683c\u3002\u540c\u4ed6\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u5f62\u6210\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u5bf9\u7167\u3002\u5361\u6bd4\u62c9\u5929\u6027\u8c6a\u723d\uff0c\u6027\u60c5\u5916\u9732\uff0c\u60c5\u7eea\u6613\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/v2-b3f5e74d24bd033127ca1442563edb3d_1440w.jpg\" 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