{"id":55260,"date":"2025-07-29T12:12:23","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T04:12:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=55260"},"modified":"2025-07-29T12:22:48","modified_gmt":"2025-07-29T04:22:48","slug":"%e6%99%9a%e6%b8%85%e6%b0%91%e5%9b%bd%e6%97%b6%e6%9c%9f%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e6%88%8f%e5%89%a7%e5%9c%a8%e6%b3%95%e5%9b%bd%e7%9a%84%e6%8e%a5%e5%8f%97%e4%b8%8e%e4%bc%a0%e6%92%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=55260","title":{"rendered":"\u665a\u6e05\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0e\u4f20\u64ad"},"content":{"rendered":"<section>\u4f5c\u8005: \u8f66\u7433\u00a0 \u00a0 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de Pr\u00e9mare\uff0c1666\u20141736\uff09\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u8bd1\u4ecb\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u300218\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u6240\u8282\u8bd1\u7684\u300a\u8d75\u6c0f\u5b64\u513f\u300b\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u5b66\u8005\u548c\u516c\u4f17\u521d\u8bc6\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u3002\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\uff08Voltaire\uff0c1694\u20141778\uff09\u5728\u5c06\u5176\u6539\u7f16\u4e3a\u65b0\u53e4\u5178\u4e3b\u4e49\u60b2\u5267\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b64\u513f\u300b\uff08<em>L&#8217;Orphelin de la Chine<\/em>, 1755\uff09\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u4ea7\u751f\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4ee5\u6cd5\u56fd\u53e4\u5178\u4e3b\u4e49\u7f8e\u5b66\u89c4\u5219\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u9ad8\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u620f\u5267\u827a\u672f\u90fd\u662f\u505c\u6ede\u4e0d\u524d\u7684\u300219\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u6c49\u5b66\u53d1\u751f\u8f6c\u5411\uff0c\u4ece\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u6c49\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u4e13\u4e1a\u6c49\u5b66\uff0c\u6cd5\u5170\u897f\u516c\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\u5112\u83b2\uff08Stanislas Julien, 1797\u20141873\uff09\u57281832 \u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u7070\u9611\u8bb0\u300b\u6cd5\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u7ee7\u800c\u5728\u91cd\u8bd1\u300a\u8d75\u6c0f\u5b64\u513f\u300b\u65f6\u5f25\u8865\u4e86\u9a6c\u82e5\u745f\u8bd1\u672c\u4e2d\u5531\u8bcd\u9619\u5982\u4e4b\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u6b63\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5bf9\u8bd7\u8bcd\u5531\u8154\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u96be\u5ea6\u683c\u5916\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u620f\u5267\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u8bd1\u4ecb\u7ec8\u4e8e\u8fc8\u51fa\u91cd\u8981\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u620f\u5267\u548c\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u98ce\u4fd7\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\uff0c\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u620f\u5267\u4ecd\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u81ea17\u4e16\u7eaa\u53e4\u5178\u4e3b\u4e49\u65f6\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u5b66\u4f53\u88c1\uff0c\u6545\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u5112\u83b2\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u5df4\u8d5e\uff08Antoine\uff0dPierre\uff0dLouis Bazin, 1799\u20141863\uff09\u66f4\u52a0\u7740\u529b\u4e8e\u620f\u5267\u672c\u4f53\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ece\u5176\u8bd1\u4ecb\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1\u4e00\u6591\u30021838\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u6536\u5f55\u300a\u3447\u6885\u9999\u300b\u300a\u5408\u6c57\u886b\u300b\u300a\u8d27\u90ce\u65e6\u300b\u300a\u7aa6\u5a25\u51a4\u300b\u56db\u5267\u7684\u8bd1\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u9009\u300b\uff08<em>Th\u00e9\u00e2tre chinois, ou choix de pi\u00e8ces de th\u00e9\u00e2tre compos\u00e9es sous les empereurs mongols<\/em>\uff09\u201c\u5bfc\u8a00\u201d\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u827a\u672f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u9762\u9610\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ee5\u5143\u66f2\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u5217\u4e3e\u4eba\u7269\u89d2\u8272\u672f\u8bed\u3001\u620f\u5267\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u620f\u5267\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u7167\u3002\u4ed6\u5c24\u5176\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u6559\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8bd7\u5b66\u8981\u6c42\u4efb\u4f55\u620f\u5267\u4f5c\u54c1\u90fd\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9053\u5fb7\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u610f\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u201c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f26\u7406\u9053\u5fb7\u628a\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u63d0\u9ad8\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u9ad8\u8e1e\u4e8e\u53e4\u65f6\u9664\u5e0c\u814a\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u620f\u5267\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u620f\u5267\u2026\u2026\u4e5f\u4f18\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u620f\u5267\u201d\u3002[1]\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u5df4\u8d5e\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u76f8\u5f53\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u8bba\u8ff0\u66f4\u52a0\u5168\u9762\u5e76\u66f4\u5177\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u89c6\u89d2\u3002\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u6765\u534e\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u6545\u800c\u5f15\u7528\u66fe\u5728\u5e7f\u5dde\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u804c\u5458\u3001\u300a\u8001\u751f\u513f\u300b\u82f1\u8bd1\u8005\u5fb7\u5e87\u65f6\uff08John Francis Davis, 1795\u20141890\uff09\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u6765\u5411\u6cd5\u56fd\u8bfb\u8005\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u7684\u6f14\u51fa\u573a\u6240\u3001\u620f\u73ed\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u4f36\u4eba\u5730\u4f4d\u4ee5\u53ca\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u534e\u7f8e\u620f\u670d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5df4\u8d5e\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7a81\u51fa\u6210\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5176\u7f16\u7e82\u7684\u5143\u4ee3\u6587\u732e\u603b\u96c6\u300a\u5143\u671d\u65f6\u4ee3\u300b\uff08<em>Le Si\u00e8cle des You\u00ean<\/em>, 1850\uff09\u4e2d\u5bf9\u300a\u5143\u66f2\u767e\u79cd\u9009\u300b\u9010\u4e00\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u90e8\u5206\u4f5c\u54c1\u8fdb\u884c\u6458\u8bd1\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u5bfc\u8a00\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5143\u6742\u5267\u8fdb\u884c\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u5728\u573a\u666f\u5b89\u6392\u3001\u53d9\u4e8b\u987a\u5e8f\u65b9\u9762\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u60c5\u8282\u611f\u4eba\u7a0b\u5ea6\u548c\u6709\u8da3\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u96c5\u4fd7\u3001\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u6027\u683c\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u98ce\u4fd7\u4e4b\u5dee\u5f02\u201d\u3002[2]\u5df4\u8d5e\u6839\u636e\u897f\u65b9\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u5143\u66f2\u4f5c\u54c1\u6309\u7167\u4e3b\u9898\u5212\u5206\u4e3a7\u7c7b\uff0c\u5373\u5386\u53f2\u5267\u3001\u9053\u58eb\u5267\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u6027\u683c\u559c\u5267\u3001\u60c5\u8282\u559c\u5267\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u5267\u3001\u795e\u4ed9\u9053\u5316\u5267\u548c\u516c\u6848\u5267\u3002\u4ed6\u4ee5\u5386\u53f2\u5267\u7684\u827a\u672f\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u300a\u68a7\u6850\u96e8\u300b\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6d41\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u5b9e\u548c\u98ce\u4fd7\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u7269\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u8865\u5145\u4e25\u8083\u53f2\u4e66\u4e4b\u4e0d\u8db3\uff1b\u5386\u53f2\u5267\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5178\u96c5\u548c\u8c10\uff0c\u8d85\u51fa\u4e00\u822c\u5267\u4f5c\uff0c\u7528\u8bed\u4e5f\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u65e5\u5e38\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u5e76\u65e0\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u9898\u6750\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u8868\u73b0\u8ff7\u4fe1\u98ce\u4fd7\u7684\u9053\u58eb\u5267\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5e84\u91cd\u4e25\u8083\u8272\u5f69\u3002\u5df4\u8d5e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7c7b\u578b\u6027\u683c\u559c\u5267\u521b\u4f5c\u96be\u5ea6\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u53ef\u8d35\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6ca1\u6709\u6cd5\u56fd\u540c\u7c7b\u559c\u5267\u5b8c\u7f8e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ecd\u7136\u503c\u5f97\u5c0a\u656c\u3002\u60c5\u8282\u559c\u5267\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u4e2d\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u56e0\u60c5\u8282\u8dcc\u5b95\u800c\u5438\u5f15\u4e2d\u56fd\u89c2\u4f17\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u5219\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4e2d\u5c55\u73b0\u7684\u4e16\u60c5\u98ce\u4fd7\u3002\u5bb6\u5ead\u5267\u63cf\u5199\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5e02\u4e95\u767e\u59d3\u7684\u98ce\u4fd7\u4e60\u60ef\u3002\u5df4\u8d5e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e0d\u5584\u4e8e\u60f3\u8c61\uff0c\u5374\u559c\u6b22\u521b\u4f5c\u795e\u4ed9\u9053\u5316\u5267\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u5267\u4f5c\u5f80\u5f80\u4ee5\u6ed1\u7a3d\u641e\u7b11\u53d6\u60a6\u4e8e\u4eba\u3002\u516c\u6848\u5267\u5219\u66f4\u52a0\u4f53\u73b0\u6559\u5316\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u97ad\u631e\u90aa\u6076\u548c\u5f02\u7aef\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5e7f\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u88ab\u5df4\u8d5e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u5404\u7c7b\u9898\u6750\u4e2d\u6210\u5c31\u6700\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u6587\u732e\u5b66\u5bb6\u5b89\u57f9\uff08Jean\uff0dJacques Amp\u00e8re\uff0c1800\u20141864\uff09\u5728\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300a\u4e24\u4e16\u754c\u300b\uff08<em>Revue des deux mondes<\/em>\uff09\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u957f\u6587\u300a\u8bba\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u300b\uff08<em>Du th\u00e9\u00e2tre chinois<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u6982\u8ff0\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u8bd1\u4ecb\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u7ec8\u4e8e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u8868\u8ff0\u4e2d\u5e38\u5e38\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5947\u7279\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u620f\u5267\u6709\u6240\u4e86\u89e3\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u201c\u5728\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u7531\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6700\u597d\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7814\u8bfb\u5176\u620f\u5267\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u9605\u8bfb\u4e86\u9a6c\u82e5\u745f\u3001\u5112\u83b2\u3001\u5df4\u8d5e\u7684\u5143\u6742\u5267\u6cd5\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u65e8\u548c\u4eba\u7269\u5f62\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u52a3\u52bf\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u5176\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5373\u5b83\u4e0d\u88ab\u5217\u4e8e\u9ad8\u96c5\u6587\u5b66\u4e4b\u5802\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u6446\u8131\u5b66\u7a76\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u201c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6b63\u7edf\u89c2\u5ff5\u5bf9\u767d\u8bdd\u6587\u5b66\u4e0d\u5c51\u4e00\u987e\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e4b\u9119\u5937\u7684\u7406\u7531\u201d\u3002\u5b89\u57f9\u53c2\u5f15\u4ee5\u5f80\u8457\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u89c2\u620f\u98ce\u4fd7\uff0c\u79f0 \u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u70ed\u7231\u770b\u620f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u8282\u5e86\u5a31\u4e50\u90fd\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u620f\u66f2\u6f14\u51fa\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u4eac\u57ce\u5c31\u6709\u620f\u73ed\u4e03\u767e\u201d\u3002[3]\u5728\u573a\u666f\u548c\u8868\u6f14\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b89\u57f9\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u4e0e\u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u4e0d\u65e0\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5e03\u666f\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u7ea6\uff0c\u800c\u6f14\u5458\u4e0a\u53f0\u65f6\u81ea\u62a5\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u59d3\u540d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u521d\u59cb\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u620f\u5267\u60ef\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u53e4\u4ee3\u620f\u5267\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u6b64\u7c7b\u73b0\u8c61\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u4e0d\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u5b89\u57f9\u53d1\u73b0\u620f\u5267\u5206\u5e55\u5206\u573a\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e2d\u897f\u7686\u540c\uff0c\u800c\u97f5\u6563\u5939\u6742\u5219\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u620f\u5267\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u4ed6\u540c\u6837\u63d0\u5230\u8868\u8fbe\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u6292\u60c5\u6b4c\u5531\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u5e0c\u814a\u620f\u5267\u4e2d\u6709\u76f8\u901a\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u5b89\u57f9\u7684\u300a\u8bba\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u300b\u662f\u6c49\u5b66\u754c\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u8f83\u65e9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ecd\u4ecb\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u620f\u5267\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u6240\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5230\u5b66\u9662\u6d3e\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6c49\u5b66\u754c\u8bd1\u4ecb\u6210\u679c\u5df2\u5f97\u5230\u5173\u6ce8\u548c\u5174\u8da3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u6709\u8fc7\u65c5\u534e\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0d\u518d\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u6587\u5b66\u5267\u672c\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u7efc\u5408\u8868\u6f14\u5f62\u5f0f\u6709\u4e86\u9010\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u83ab\u6717\uff08George Souli\u00e9 de Morant\uff0c1878\u20141955\uff09\u6700\u65e9\u5728\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u6982\u8bba\u300b\uff08<em>Essai sur la litt\u00e9rature chinoise<\/em>, 1912\uff09\u4e2d\u9610\u8ff0\u5143\u660e\u6587\u5b66\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u5bb6\u4f5c\u54c1\u4ee5\u53ca\u620f\u66f2\u8868\u6f14\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5bf9\u821e\u53f0\u827a\u672f\u7279\u5f81\u6709\u8fc7\u751f\u52a8\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u8bba\u8868\u6f14\uff0c\u4ed6\u76db\u8d5e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f36\u4eba\u6479\u6001\u903c\u771f\u4f20\u795e\uff1a\u201c\u6f14\u5458\u79f0\u4e3a\u620f\u5b50\uff0c\u82e5\u4ee5\u6479\u6001\u903c\u771f\u4f20\u795e\u800c\u8bba\uff0c\u5176\u6280\u827a\u4e4b\u7cbe\u582a\u79f0\u4e16\u95f4\u4e4b\u6700\u3002\u201d\u83ab\u6717\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u620f\u66f2\u8c61\u5f81\u5316\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u548c\u5199\u610f\u7684\u8868\u6f14\u65b9\u5f0f\u9886\u609f\u5728\u5fc3\uff1a\u201c\u8bba\u5e03\u666f\u5219\u7b80\u7ea6\u81f3\u6781\uff1a\u5c4b\u5185\u9648\u8bbe\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u52a0\u4e00\u5e55\u5e18\u3001\u4e00\u5f20\u5e8a\uff0c\u4f46\u65e2\u65e0\u5e55\u5e03\uff0c\u66f4\u65e0\u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5f0f\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u8bed\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u8bb8\u591a\u5177\u4f53\u7269\u4ec0\u90fd\u88ab\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4ee3\u66ff\u2026\u2026\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u5177\u5907\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5165\u95e8\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u4e86\u7136\u4e8e\u5fc3\uff0c\u4fbf\u8db3\u4ee5\u4f1a\u610f\u201d\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u5986\u626e\uff0c\u83ab\u6717\u66f4\u662f\u7740\u8ff7\uff1a\u201c\u620f\u670d\u534e\u4e3d\u81f3\u6781\uff1a\u523a\u7ee3\u3001\u9526\u7f0e\u3001\u7fce\u7fbd\uff0c\u517c\u4ee5\u9888\u9970\uff0c\u65e0\u4e0d\u71a0\u71a0\u751f\u8f89\uff0c\u5c3d\u5c55\u4e1c\u65b9\u53e4\u56fd\u670d\u9970\u4e4b\u7f8e\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u9664\u4e86\u620f\u670d\uff0c\u8138\u8c31\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u7edd\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7528\u6765\u5f70\u663e\u4eba\u7269\u6027\u683c\u201d\u3002[4]\u81f3\u4e8e\u5bf9\u66f2\u8bcd\u5531\u8154\u7684\u6b23\u8d4f\uff0c\u83ab\u6717\u8868\u793a\u90a3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u987b\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u9676\u9189\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u756a\u63cf\u8ff0\u5c06\u4e1c\u65b9\u53e4\u8001\u620f\u5267\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7b80\u7ea6\u4e0e\u7e41\u534e\u3001\u771f\u5207\u4e0e\u795e\u79d8\u8868\u8fbe\u5f97\u5145\u5206\u7ec6\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c\u8f83\u65e9\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u662f\u517c\u97f3\u4e50\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u620f\u5267\u5bb6\u3001\u4f5c\u5bb6\u548c\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e8e\u4e00\u8eab\u7684\u8def\u6613\u00b7\u62c9\u9c81\u74e6\uff08Louis Laloy, 1874\u20141944\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6539\u7f16\u5143\u4ee3\u9a6c\u81f4\u8fdc\u7684\u5267\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ea6\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u3002\u62c9\u9c81\u74e6\u6839\u636e\u738b\u56fd\u7ef4\u7684\u300a\u5b8b\u5143\u620f\u66f2\u53f2\u300b\uff081916\uff09\u5411\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u5728\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u670d\u88c5\u3001\u9053\u5177\u3001\u5e03\u666f\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u620f\u5267\u8fe5\u5f02\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u4ece\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u8ffd\u6839\u6eaf\u6e90\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u603b\u7ed3\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u5143\u4ee3\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u5c31\u50cf16\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u6b4c\u5267\u4e00\u6837\u95ee\u4e16\u4e86\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u770b\u5230\u4e24\u79cd\u620f\u5267\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u620f\u5267\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u4e0a\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u6027\uff0c\u53c8\u5982\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u821e\u5267\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u80fd\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6b4c\u821e\u620f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u6f14\u51fa\u7684\u821e\u5267\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u620f\u5267\u66f4\u5bcc\u4e8e\u60c5\u8282\u201d\u3002[5]<\/p>\n<p><strong>\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u620f\u5267\u7814\u7a76\u4e13\u8457<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4ece19\u4e16\u7eaa\u665a\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\uff0c\u4ece\u5b8f\u89c2\u4e0a\u94a9\u7a3d\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u53d1\u5c55\u5e76\u666e\u53ca\u5e38\u8bc6\u30021886\u5e74\uff0c\u6e05\u671d\u9a7b\u6cd5\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u9648\u5b63\u540c\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u51fa\u7248\u6cd5\u6587\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u620f\u5267\u2014\u2014\u6bd4\u8f83\u98ce\u4fd7\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08<em>Le Th\u00e9\u00e2tre des Chinois, \u00e9tude de m\u0153urs compar\u00e9es<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u517c\u987e\u6587\u5b66\u521b\u4f5c\u548c\u8868\u6f14\u827a\u672f\u53cc\u91cd\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6f14\u5458\u5730\u4f4d\u3001\u4eba\u7269\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u884c\u5f53\u3001\u5e03\u666f\u3001\u670d\u88c5\u7b49\u8868\u6f14\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bf9\u5f53\u65f6\u5df2\u6709\u6cd5\u8bd1\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u8ff0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8fd8\u5f15\u7528\u591a\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u5267\u76ee\u53f0\u8bcd\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u4e2d\u6cd5\u6bd4\u8f83\u620f\u5267\u8457\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a8\u5e7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u754c\u9887\u6709\u53cd\u54cd\u3002\u8457\u540d\u6587\u5b66\u8bc4\u8bba\u5bb6\u5e03\u5415\u7eb3\u8482\u8036\uff08Ferdinand Bruneti\u00e8re\uff0c1849\u20141906\uff09\u53d1\u8868\u4e66\u8bc4\u300a\u8c08\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u300b\uff08<em>A propos du th\u00e9\u00e2tre chinois<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u95e8\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u827a\u672f\u65e2\u6709\u8d5e\u8d4f\u4e4b\u5904\u4e5f\u6709\u5c45\u9ad8\u4e34\u4e0b\u7684\u5ba1\u89c6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e2d\u897f\u620f\u5267\u5dee\u5f02\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u663e\u7136\u5341\u5206\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6770\u4f5c\uff0c\u6b63\u56e0\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u5f88\u5148\u8fdb\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u5374\u4ecd\u9a7b\u8db3\u4e8e\u521d\u7ea7\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5982\u679c\u613f\u610f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u5b83\u65e9\u5c31\u6545\u6b65\u81ea\u5c01\u201d\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u5728\u5143\u671d\u5c31\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u505c\u7559\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u6ca1\u6709\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u201d[6]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0e\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u4e16\u7eaa\u524d\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5927\u4f53\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e5f\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u4ec5\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u6587\u5b66\u6027\u89d2\u5ea6\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u8005\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u7279\u70b9\u5c1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ea7\u751f\u5168\u9762\u548c\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/i04piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/2fec5d3801493b7a\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p>\u665a\u6e05\u9a7b\u6cd5\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u9648\u5b63\u540c\u6cd5\u6587\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u620f\u5267\u300b<\/p>\n<p>\u83ab\u6717\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u620f\u66f2\u300b\uff08<em>Th\u00e9\u00e2tre et musique modernes en Chine<\/em>\uff0c1926\uff09\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u8003\u5bdf\u97f3\u4e50\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u81f4\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u2014\u2014\u6587\u5b57\u4ecb\u7ecd\u548c\u4e50\u8c31\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u6587\u5b57\u90e8\u5206\u6709\u4e94\u7ae0\uff1a\u524d\u4e09\u7ae0\u5206\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u8868\u6f14\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5143\u7d20\u2014\u2014\u620f\u9662\u3001\u89d2\u8272\u4e0e\u6f14\u5458\u3001\u5267\u672c\uff0c\u540e\u4e24\u7ae0\u5219\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u97f3\u4e50\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b9d\u8d35\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8be5\u4e66\u6700\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4ed6\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u89c6\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u827a\u672f\u6027\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u97f3\u4e50\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8be5\u4e66\u524d\u8a00\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u90fd\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u5730\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u97f3\u4e50\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u821e\u8e48\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5f53\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6210\u529f\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ee5\u524d\u672a\u88ab\u5145\u5206\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u90e8\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u7684\u8bd1\u672c\u65f6\u5e94\u5f53\u59cb\u7ec8\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u62ff\u5b83\u4eec\u6765\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u620f\u5267\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u800c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e\u6b4c\u5267\u300a\u8774\u8776\u592b\u4eba\u300b\u6216\u300a\u6258\u65af\u5361\u300b\u7684\u5267\u672c\u66f4\u52a0\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u97f3\u4e50\u80fd\u591f\u5f25\u8865\u60c5\u8282\u4e0a\u7684\u8584\u5f31\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u672c\u8eab\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6b20\u751f\u52a8\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u6027\u683c\u56e0\u800c\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u201d[7]\u4ed6\u611f\u53f9\u4e8e\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u4e2d\u7684\u97f3\u4e50\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u77e5\u4e8b\u7269\u201d[8]\uff0c 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1885\u20141966\uff09\u628a\u6240\u8bb0\u4e50\u8c31\u6839\u636e\u6cd5\u56fd\u767e\u4ee3\u5531\u7247\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u827a\u672f\u6807\u51c6\u6539\u5199\u4e3a\u94a2\u7434\u66f2\uff1a\u201c\u4ed6\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u5168\u7a0b\u5f97\u5230\u539f\u6c41\u539f\u5473\u7684\u4e50\u961f\u4f34\u594f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bb0\u8c31\u6cd5\u53ca\u4e50\u7406\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4f9d\u636e\u5531\u7247\u7684\u5f55\u5236\u8981\u6c42\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5176\u79d1\u5b66\u6027\u3002\u201d[9] 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\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u620f\u66f2\u300b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u66f4\u52a0\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u821e\u53f0\u827a\u672f\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u6ce8\u620f\u66f2\u8868\u6f14\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\u30021922\u5e74\uff0c\u5df4\u9ece\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u8c08\u300b\uff08<em>Le Th\u00e9\u00e2tre chinois<\/em>\uff09[11]\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u7531\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6731\u5bb6\u5065\u64b0\u6587\u3001\u4fc4\u56fd\u753b\u5bb6\u96c5\u79d1\u592b\u52d2\u5f17\uff08Alexandre Jacovleff, 1887\u2014 1938\uff09\u914d\u753b\u63d2\u56fe\u5e76\u4f5c\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ece\u821e\u53f0\u8868\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u6d89\u53ca\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u79cd\u7c7b\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u821e\u53f0\u5e03\u666f\u3001\u6f14\u5458\u3001\u670d\u88c5\u3001\u5316\u5986\u3001\u9053\u5177\u3001\u620f\u66f2\u4f34\u594f\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u96c5\u79d1\u592b\u52d2\u5f17\u66fe\u7ecf\u65c5\u5c45\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e1c\u65b9\u7ed8\u753b\u827a\u672f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u6240\u914d\u63d2\u56fe\u7ed3\u5408\u7d20\u63cf\u548c\u6c34\u58a8\u7b14\u6cd5\uff0c\u6216\u8868\u73b0\u6f14\u5458\u7684\u8138\u8c31\u3001\u620f\u670d\u3001\u821e\u53f0\u98ce\u91c7\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u4f34\u594f\u8005\u7684\u8868\u6f14\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u53f0\u4e0b\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u795e\u60c5\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u620f\u53f0\u5168\u666f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6829\u6829\u5982\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u5199\u610f\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u795e\u97f5\u3002\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f2f\u5e0c\u548c\uff08Paul Pelliot, 1878\u20141945\uff09\u66fe\u57281923\u5e743\u6708\u7684\u300a\u901a\u62a5\u300b\uff08<em>T&#8217;oung Pao<\/em>\uff09\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u7b80\u77ed\u4e66\u8bc4\uff0c\u79f0\u8fd9\u90e8\u9762\u5411\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e13\u5bb6\u5b66\u8005\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u548c\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u6240\u9700\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u5143\u4ee3\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6070\u5230\u597d\u5904\u7684\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6587\u5b57\u4e0e\u56fe\u753b\u76f8\u5f97\u76ca\u5f70\u3002[12]\u8fd9\u90e8\u56fe\u6587\u5e76\u8302\u7684\u620f\u66f2\u4e66\u7c4d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5177\u6709\u7f8e\u5b66\u6b23\u8d4f\u6027\u800c\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u5b66\u672f\u6027\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u8f6c\u8bd1\u4e3a\u82f1\u6587\uff0c1927\u5e74\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u51fa\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u620f\u66f2\u4e66\u7c4d\u4e5f\u6b21\u7b2c\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u8457\u540d\u620f\u66f2\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u9f50\u5982\u5c711928\u5e74\u5728\u5317\u534e\u5370\u5237\u5c40\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5267\u4e4b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u5168\u4e66\u5206\u4e3a\u5531\u767d\u3001\u52a8\u4f5c\u3001\u8863\u670d\u3001\u76d4\u5e3d\u9774\u978b\u3001\u80e1\u987b\u3001\u8138\u8c31\u3001\u5207\u672b\u7269\u4ef6\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u51718\u7ae0\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4eac\u5267\u4f20\u7edf\u5267\u76ee\u6f14\u51fa\u7684\u5927\u81f4\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4f9b\u5728\u534e\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u89c2\u770b\u4eac\u5267\u65f6\u53c2\u8003\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5185\u9644\u591a\u5e45\u63d2\u56fe\uff0c\u5206\u7c7b\u8be6\u7ec6\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u7684\u8138\u8c31\u3001\u884c\u5934\u7b49\u4e3b\u8981\u7ae0\u8282\u7531\u66fe\u65c5\u5c45\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u94ce\u5c14\u5b5f\uff08Andr\u00e9 d&#8217;Hormon\uff0c1881\u20141965\uff09\u8bd1\u6210\u6cd5\u6587\uff0c\u4ee5\u300a\u620f\u66f2\u884c\u5934\u88c5\u626e\u8c31\u5f55\u300b\uff08<em>R\u00e9pertoire des maquillages de th\u00e9\u00e2tre<\/em>\uff09\u4e3a\u4e66\u540d\u5148\u540e\u5728\u6d77\u5185\u5916\u51fa\u7248\u3002[13]\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u4eba\u666e\u4f69\uff08Camille Poupeye\uff0c1874\u20141963\uff09\u5bf9\u4e9a\u6d32\u620f\u5267\u9887\u6709\u7814\u7a76\uff0c1933\u5e74\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u548c\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14\u540c\u65f6\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u300b\uff08<em>Le Th\u00e9\u00e2tre chinois<\/em>\uff09[14]\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u52fe\u52d2\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u670941\u5e45\u7248\u753b\u63d2\u56fe\uff0c\u56fe\u6587\u5e76\u8302\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u57281933\u5e74\u81f31984\u5e74\u95f4\u4ee5\u82f1\u6cd5\u53cc\u8bed\u5171\u8ba1\u91cd\u724817\u6b21\u30021935\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u963f\u6797\u987f\uff08Lewis Charles Arlington\uff0c1859\u20141942\uff09\u6240\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u53f2\u300b\uff08<em>The Chinese Drama from the Earliest Times until Today<\/em>\uff0c1930\uff09\u88ab\u8f6c\u8bd1\u4e3a\u6cd5\u6587[15]\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u670d\u88c5\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u98ce\u4fd7\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e8630\u4e2a\u5267\u76ee\u7684\u7b80\u4ecb\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u914d\u6709115\u5e45\u5f69\u8272\u7248\u753b\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u827a\u672f\u9010\u6e10\u4ee5\u5176\u5b8c\u6574\u548c\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u9762\u8c8c\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u8bfb\u8005\u773c\u524d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\uff0c\u7559\u6cd5\u5b66\u4eba\u5728\u56fd\u5916\u63a8\u5e7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u8005\u4f17\u591a\uff0c\u9664\u8bd7\u6b4c\u3001\u5c0f\u8bf4\u9886\u57df\u5916\uff0c\u4ea6\u6709\u4e09\u4f4d\u8457\u540d\u5b66\u4eba\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4ee5\u620f\u5267\u4e3a\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bdd\u5267\u53f2\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u9648\u7ef51929\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u620f\u5267\u300b\uff08<em>Le Th\u00e9\u00e2tre chinois moderne<\/em>\uff09[16]\uff0c\u52fe\u52d2\u4ece1853\u5e74\u81f31929\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u53d1\u5c55\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4eac\u5267\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u52067\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u4eac\u5267\u8868\u6f14\u827a\u672f\uff0c\u4ea6\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u7bc7\u5e45\u8bba\u53ca\u4eac\u5267\u5267\u672c\u53ca\u5176\u601d\u60f3\u6027\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u6027\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u6027\uff0c\u501f\u7528\u4e3b\u9898\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u4eac\u5267\u5267\u76ee\u5206\u4e3a\u5386\u53f2\u5267\u3001\u6d6a\u6f2b\u5267\u3001\u795e\u8bdd\u5267\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5267\u56db\u7c7b\u9898\u6750\uff0c\u5e76\u63a2\u8ba8\u620f\u66f2\u4e0e\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u201c\u9648\u7ef5\u4ece\u6606\u66f2\u7684\u8870\u843d\u5199\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u65b0\u5267\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f5c\u7ed3\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u53ea\u5728\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u7684\u56de\u987e\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u4e3a\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u52fe\u52d2\u51fa\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u660e\u5bfb\u627e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u201d[17]<\/p>\n<p>\u848b\u6069\u94e0\u5e7c\u65f6\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u6606\u66f2\u548c\u4eac\u5267\uff0c\u7559\u5b66\u5df4\u9ece\u65f6\u5e08\u4ece\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u845b\u5170\u8a00\uff08Marcel Granet\uff0c1884\u20141940\uff09\uff0c1932\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u6606\u66f2\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u620f\u66f2\u300b\uff08<em>K&#8217;ouen K&#8217;iu, le th\u00e9\u00e2tre chinois ancien<\/em>\uff09\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u6606\u66f2\u7814\u7a76\u4e13\u8457\uff0c\u5bf9\u6606\u66f2\u6e90\u6d41\u548c\u4f53\u5236\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u5c3d\u8ff0\u4ecb\u3002\u848b\u6069\u94e0\u5c24\u5176\u4fa7\u91cd\u6606\u66f2\u5267\u672c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6458\u8bd1\u300a\u7435\u7436\u8bb0\u300b\u300a\u72ee\u543c\u8bb0\u300b\u300a\u957f\u751f\u6bbf\u300b\u7b49\u591a\u90e8\u6298\u5b50\u620f\u7684\u66f2\u6587\u4ee5\u8bba\u8bc1\u66f2\u8bcd\u4e0e\u66f2\u724c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5185\u5728\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\u6606\u66f2\u5267\u672c\u517c\u987e\u6292\u60c5\u4e0e\u53d9\u4e8b\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u7cbe\u81f4\u3001\u59d4\u5a49\u548c\u7ec6\u817b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u848b\u6069\u94e0\u4e5f\u5bf9\u5f53\u65f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u620f\u5267\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u884c\u7efc\u8ff0\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u738b\u56fd\u7ef4\u300a\u5b8b\u5143\u620f\u66f2\u53f2\u300b\u3001\u9648\u4e43\u4e7e\u300a\u91cd\u8ba2\u66f2\u82d1\u300b\u3001\u5434\u6885\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u6982\u8bba\u300b\u7b4912\u79cd\u8457\u4f5c\u5f97\u4ee5\u88ab\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002\u848b\u6069\u94e0\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u9a7b\u6cd5\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u5728\u5916\u4e8b\u793e\u4ea4\u573a\u5408\u8868\u6f14\u6606\u66f2\u6216\u4eac\u5267\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u4e3a\u66f4\u591a\u6d77\u5916\u4eba\u58eb\u6240\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u534e\u620f\u66f2\u4e13\u79d1\u5b66\u6821\u6821\u957f\u7126\u83ca\u96901935\u5e74\u7559\u5b66\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c1937\u5e74\u83b7\u5df4\u9ece\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\u4e3a\u300a\u4eca\u65e5\u4e4b\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u300b\uff08<em>Le Th\u00e9\u00e2tre chinois d&#8217;aujourd&#8217;hui<\/em>\uff09\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u6b63\u503c\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u65b0\u65e7\u66f4\u8fed\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u7126\u83ca\u9690\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u517c\u987e\u4f20\u7edf\u620f\u66f2\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u620f\u5267\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u665a\u6e05\u6c11\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u754c\u6574\u7406\u7684\u5267\u672c\u96c6\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u7f00\u767d\u88d8\u300b\u300a\u620f\u8003\u300b\u300a\u620f\u5b66\u6c47\u8003\u300b\u7b49\uff0c\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\u6cd5\u56fd\u6c49\u5b66\u754c\u548c\u620f\u5267\u754c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u620f\u66f2\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u620f\u5267\u4eba\uff0c\u7126\u83ca\u9690\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6606\u66f2\u662f\u53e4\u5178\u620f\u5267\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u5dc5\u5cf0\uff0c\u6606\u66f2\u8870\u843d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6c11\u95f4\u620f\u66f2\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6587\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u4ed6\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u620f\u66f2\u827a\u4eba\u5bf9\u5267\u672c\u7684\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6570\u4ee3\u827a\u4eba\u6539\u5199\u7684\u5267\u672c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u821e\u53f0\uff0c\u5374\u9010\u6e10\u504f\u79bb\u539f\u6765\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u7126\u83ca\u9690\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u620f\u66f2\u521b\u4f5c\u548c\u8868\u6f14\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\u6240\u4f5c\u63cf\u8ff0\u5341\u5206\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6d88\u957f\u5173\u7cfb\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa\u6cd5\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f20\u64ad\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u5b66\u9662\u6d3e\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8ffb\u8bd1\u5143\u6742\u5267\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u9010\u6e10\u5168\u9762\u548c\u6df1\u5316\u3002\u6c49\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u8bd1\u4ecb\u6210\u679c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u6cd5\u56fd\u5b66\u754c\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u57df\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u5bf9\u65e8\u8da3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u620f\u5267\u4ea7\u751f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u91cd\u8981\u520a\u7269\u4e0a\u64b0\u5199\u8bc4\u8bba\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u5c06\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u6587\u5b66\u7eb3\u5165\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5b66\u7248\u56fe\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u81f320\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\uff0c\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u4ee5\u53ca\u821e\u53f0\u827a\u672f\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u5f00\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u65e2\u6709\u666e\u53ca\u6027\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e13\u4e1a\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff1b\u65e2\u6709\u620f\u5267\u5b66\u4e13\u8457\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u53f2\u4e2d\u7684\u620f\u5267\u6982\u8ff0\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u520a\u7269\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u672a\u80fd\u5ef6\u7eed19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u70ed\u6f6e\uff0c\u5267\u672c\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6570\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\uff1b\u4e0e\u8bd7\u6b4c\u548c\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4f53\u88c1\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u620f\u5267\u8bd1\u4ecb\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u620f\u5267\u7814\u7a76\u672a\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u5145\u5206\u5f00\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u821e\u53f0\u4f20\u64ad\uff1a\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u89c2\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u620f\u5267\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u827a\u672f\uff0c\u5176\u5267\u672c\u5177\u6709\u6587\u5b66\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u8868\u6f14\u5177\u6709\u821e\u53f0\u6027\u548c\u89c2\u8d4f\u6027\u3002\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u897f\u65b9\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u5f97\u4ee5\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u620f\u5267\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u518d\u50cf\u4ece\u524d\u90a3\u6837\u53ea\u80fd\u628a\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u620f\u5267\u5f53\u4f5c\u6848\u5934\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u8bfb\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><strong>\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u6587\u5b57\u8bb0\u8ff0\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u8868\u6f14<\/strong><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section>\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u675c\u8d6b\u5fb7\uff08Jean\uff0dBaptiste Du Halde, 1674\u20141743\uff09\u6700\u65e9\u5728\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u5e1d\u56fd\u5168\u5fd7\u300b\uff08<em>Description g\u00e9ographique, historique, chronologique, politique et physique de l&#8217;empire de la Chine et de la Tartare chinoise<\/em>, 1735\uff09\u4e2d\u8f6c\u8f7d\u767d\u664b\uff08Joachim Bouvet, 1656\u20141730\uff09\u795e\u7236\u53d7\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fbe\u5b98\u8d35\u4eba\u9080\u8bf7\u8d74\u5bb4\u548c\u53c2\u52a0\u5802\u4f1a\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u573a\u5730\u5e03\u7f6e\u3001\u5267\u76ee\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u6587\u6b66\u573a\u7f16\u5236\u7b49\u4e8b\u5b9c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8bed\u7109\u4e0d\u8be6\u3002[18]1792\u20141794\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u4f7f\u81e3\u9a6c\u621b\u5c14\u5c3c\uff08George Macartney\uff0c1737\u20141806\uff09\u7387\u56e2\u8bbf\u534e\u89d0\u89c1\u6e05\u4e7e\u9686\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u897f\u4ea4\u6d41\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u4f7f\u56e2\u5728\u534e\u671f\u95f4\u66fe\u53d7\u9080\u89c2\u8d4f\u6606\u66f2\u300a\u56db\u6d77\u5347\u5e73\u300b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u96be\u5f97\u7684\u89c2\u5267\u7ecf\u5386\u88ab\u4f7f\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u88ab\u6cd5\u56fd\u300a\u8868\u6f14\u5e74\u9274\u300b\uff08<em>Almanach des spectacles<\/em>\uff0c1823\uff09\u3001\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u6c11\u4f17\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u300b\uff08<em>Encyclop\u00e9die des gens du monde, r\u00e9pertoire universel des sciences, des lettres et des arts<\/em>, 1835\uff09\u7b49\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u548c\u620f\u5267\u4e66\u7c4d\u8f6c\u8ff0\u3002\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c0f\u5fb7\u7ecf\uff08Chr\u00e9tien\uff0dLouis\uff0dJoseph de Guignes, 1759\u20141845\uff09\u5728\u6e38\u8bb0\u300a\u5317\u4eac\u3001\u9a6c\u5c3c\u62c9\u4e0e\u6cd5\u5170\u897f\u5c9b\u4e4b\u65c5\uff1a1784\u20141801\u5e74\u300b\uff08<em>Voyage \u00e0 Peking, Manille et l&#8217; \u00eele de France, faits dans l&#8217;intervalle des ann\u00e9es<\/em>\u00a01784\u20141801\uff0c1808\uff09\u4e2d\u8bb0\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u89c2\u620f\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5185\u5bb9\u63a8\u65ad\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6e05\u4e7e\u9686\u5e74\u95f4\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u6606\u66f2\u2014\u2014\u65b9\u6210\u57f9\u300a\u96f7\u5cf0\u5854\u300b\u4f20\u5947\u3002[19]\u6cd5\u56fd\u9a7b\u534e\u9886\u4e8b\u4e8e\u52d2\u00b7\u963f\u83b1\u6069\uff08Jules Ar\u00e8ne, 1850\u20141903\uff09\u5728\u89c1\u95fb\u5f55\u300a\u4fd7\u96c5\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\uff08<em>La Chine famili\u00e8re et galante<\/em>\uff0c1876\uff09\u4e2d\u8bb0\u8ff0\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u5316\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u201c\u620f\u56ed\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u591a\u6b21\u63cf\u8ff0\u620f\u66f2\u827a\u672f\u548c\u89c2\u620f\u98ce\u4fd7\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u610f\u8da3\u76ce\u7136\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u5c0f\u620f\u7684\u5267\u60c5\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u53ef\u7ba1\u7aa5\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4fd7\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u6253\u91d1\u679d\u300b\u300a\u62fe\u7389\u956f\u300b\u300a\u90ed\u534e\u4e70\u80ed\u8102\u300b\u300a\u94c1\u5f13\u7f18\u300b\u548c\u300a\u62d4\u5170\u82b1\u300b\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u96f6\u661f\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u6765\u534e\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u548c\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u89c2\u770b\u620f\u66f2\u6f14\u51fa\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3002\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5df4\u5c14\u624e\u514b\u7684\u753b\u5bb6\u597d\u53cb\u535a\u5c14\u70ed\uff08Auguste Borger\uff0c1808\u20141877\uff09\u66fe\u7ecf\u73af\u6e38\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u91c7\u98ce\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u300b\uff08<em>La Chine et les Chinois<\/em>\uff0c1842\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u8bb0\u8ff01839\u5e745\u6708\u6fb3\u95e8\u5988\u9601\u5e99\u524d\u70ed\u95f9\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u89c2\u620f\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u9732\u5929\u573a\u5730\u4e0a\u5ea7\u65e0\u865a\u5e2d\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\u751a\u81f3\u9700\u8981\u722c\u7aff\u770b\u620f\u3002\u8fd9\u4fbf\u662f\u5cad\u5357\u5730\u533a\u7af9\u68da\u5267\u573a\u4e2d\u4e0a\u6f14\u7684\u7ca4\u5267\u3002[20]\u5e7f\u5dde\u53d1\u884c\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u62a5\u520a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e1b\u62a5\u300b\uff08<em>The Chinese Repository<\/em>\uff09\u57281838\u5e744\u6708\u520a\u767b\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u5546\u4eba\u4ea8\u7279\uff08William C. Hunter\uff09\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u8bc4\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u95f9\u5267\u3008\u8865\u7f38\u3009\u8bd1\u6587\u300b\uff08<em>Remarks on the Chinese Theatre; with a Translation of a Farce\uff0centitled \u201cThe Mender of Cracked Chinaware\u201d<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u8bd1\u6587\u88ab\u7b14\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u8001\u5c3c\u514b\u201d\uff08Old Nick\uff09\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6\u90fd\u6717\uff0d\u5f17\u5c14\u683c\uff08Paul\uff0dEmile Daurand\uff0dForgues\uff0c1813\u20141883\uff09\u6240\u7528\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5728\u865a\u6784\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6e38\u8bb0\u300a\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u756a\u9b3c\u5728\u5927\u6e05\u56fd\u7684\u5386\u9669\u300b\uff08<em>La Chine ouverte: Aventures d&#8217;un fan\uff0dkoue\u00ef dans le pays de Tsin<\/em>, 1845\uff09\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u670b\u53cb\u5bb6\u7684\u5802\u4f1a\u89c2\u770b\u6ed1\u7a3d\u620f\u300a\u8865\u7f38\u300b\uff08\u4eac\u5267\u3001\u8c6b\u5267\u3001\u6cb3\u5317\u6886\u5b50\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5267\u76ee\uff09\u3002\u201c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5728\u534e\u7684\u7f8e\u7c4d\u5546\u8d3e\u82f1\u8bd1\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6ed1\u7a3d\u5c0f\u620f\uff0c\u8f97\u8f6c\u6d41\u4f20\u5230\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c\u7adf\u6210\u4e3a\u6cd5\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6\u7b14\u4e0b\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u6f14\u51fa\u5b9e\u51b5\u3002\u800c\u4e5f\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u672c\u865a\u6784\u7684\u6e38\u8bb0\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e00\u51fa\u4ece\u672a\u8bd1\u4e3a\u6cd5\u8bed\u7684\u8da3\u5473\u6c11\u95f4\u5c0f\u620f\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u6d3b\u6cfc\u65fa\u76db\u7684\u751f\u547d\u529b\u5c55\u73b0\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u8bfb\u8005\u773c\u524d\u3002\u201d[21]\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u524d\u5f80\u6b27\u6d32\u8005\u751a\u5c11\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u672c\u56fd\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\u89c2\u8d4f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u8868\u6f14\u620f\u5267\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u4ea6\u662f\u96be\u5f97\u3002\u665a\u6e05\u5b66\u8005\u738b\u97ec\u6e38\u5386\u6b27\u6d32\uff0c\u9002\u90221867\u5e74\u5df4\u9ece\u4e3e\u529e\u4e07\u56fd\u535a\u89c8\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u6f2b\u6e38\u968f\u5f55\u300b\u4e2d\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a\u201c\u4f59\u95fb\u6709\u7ca4\u4eba\u643a\u4f18\u4f36\u4e00\u73ed\u81f3\uff0c\u65d7\u5e1c\u65b0\u9c9c\uff0c\u51a0\u670d\u534e\u4e3d\uff0c\u767b\u53f0\u6f14\u5267\uff0c\u89c2\u8005\u795e\u79fb\uff0c\u65e5\u8d62\u91d1\u94b1\u65e0\u7b97\u3002\u201d[22]\u636e\u6b64\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u77e5\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u620f\u66f2\u6f14\u51fa\u53ef\u80fd\u4fbf\u662f\u6b64\u6b21\u535a\u89c8\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7684\u7ca4\u5267\u8868\u6f14\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u89c2\u8005\u751a\u4f17\u3002\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u9898\u6750\u64c5\u957f\u7684\u5973\u4f5c\u5bb6\u6731\u8fea\u7279\u00b7\u6208\u8482\u8036\uff08Judith Gautier\uff0c1845\u20141917\uff09\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8bd1\u6709\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bd7\u6b4c\u9009\u96c6\u300a\u7389\u4e66\u300b\uff08<em>Livre de Jade<\/em>, 1867\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u9887\u6709\u9886\u609f\uff0c\u5979\u5c06\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u5df4\u8d5e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u300a\u3447\u6885\u9999\u300b\u6539\u7f16\u4e3a\u300a\u767d\u9e3d\u300b\uff08<em>Le Ramier blanc<\/em>\uff09\u4e00\u5267\uff0c\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u5267\u4e2d\u7537\u5973\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u4e92\u751f\u7231\u6155\u3001\u4e92\u63e3\u5fc3\u610f\u7684\u4e00\u5e55\uff0c1880\u5e74\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u6c99\u9f99\u5973\u4e3b\u4eba\u6ce2\u74e6\u4e3d\u592b\u4eba\uff08Madame la Baronne de Poilly\uff09\u5b85\u90b8\u4e2d\u6f14\u51fa\u30021889\u5e74\uff0c\u5979\u53c8\u5c06\u300a\u8d27\u90ce\u65e6\u300b\u6539\u7f16\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u65e5\u672c\u98ce\u60c5\u7684\u300a\u5356\u7b11\u5987\u300b\uff08<em>La Marchande de sourires<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5965\u5fb7\u7fc1\u6b4c\u5267\u9662\u516c\u6f14\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u65f6\u6cd5\u56fd\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u5973\u6f14\u5458\u838e\u62c9\u00b7\u4f2f\u6069\u54c8\u7279\uff08Sarah Bernhardt\uff0c1844\u20141923\uff09\u4e4b\u9080\uff0c\u5979\u8fd8\u4e0e\u4f5c\u5bb6\u76ae\u57c3\u5c14\u00b7\u6d1b\u8482\uff08Pierre Loti\uff0c1850\u20141923\uff09\u5171\u540c\u521b\u4f5c\u8fc7\u4e00\u90e8\u4ee5\u665a\u6e05\u52a8\u8361\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3a\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u620f\u5267\u300a\u5929\u4e4b\u5a07\u5973\u300b\uff08<em>La Fille du Ciel<\/em>, 1911\uff09[23]\uff0c\u867d\u672a\u642c\u4e0a\u6cd5\u56fd\u821e\u53f0\uff0c\u5374\u4e8e1911 \u5e74\u79cb\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u516c\u6f14\u3002\u5c24\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f1896\u5e744\u670822\u65e5\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u65b0\u821e\u53f0\u5267\u9662\u4e0a\u6f14\u7684\u300a\u62d4\u5170\u82b1\u300b\uff0c\u5267\u672c\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u6839\u636e\u963f\u83b1\u6069\u300a\u4fd7\u96c5\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u8bb0\u8ff0\u7684\u5267\u60c5\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u77e5\u540d\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5b5f\u5fb7\u65af\uff08Catulle Mend\u00e8s, 1841\u20141909\uff09\u5728\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e2d\u79f0\u8d5e\u201c\u6587\u7b14\u6d41\u5229\u7684\u8bd1\u8005\u52c7\u6c14\u53ef\u5609\uff0c\u4ed6\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u539f\u8457\u4e2d\u9707\u64bc\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u6280\u5de7\u5730\u5220\u51cf\u4e86\u539f\u8457\u91cc\u4e0d\u5408\u5e38\u7406\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u201d[24]\u3002\u4ece\u62a5\u520a\u65f6\u8bc4\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u6f14\u5458\u4eec\u7684\u8868\u6f14\u76f8\u5f53\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5448\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u201c\u8da3\u5473\u4e14\u98ce\u96c5\uff0c\u7d20\u6734\u5374\u7cbe\u7ec6\u201d[25]\u7684\u559c\u5267\u3002\u8be5\u5267\u201c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b97\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7167\u672c\u6f14\u51fa\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u5267\u672c\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6781\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6f14\u51fa\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u5267\u672c\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u80c6\u4e14\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u300a\u62d4\u5170\u82b1\u300b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u578b\u7684\u5267\u9662\u516c\u5f00\u6f14\u51fa\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u65f6\u4eba\u3001\u62a5\u520a\u4e0e\u5267\u8bc4\u754c\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u5728\u6d77\u5916\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8f68\u8ff9\u201d\u3002[26]<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0b\u534a\u53f6\u59cb\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u897f\u4eba\u5458\u6765\u5f80\u4ea4\u6d41\u9010\u6e10\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u89c2\u4f17\u9762\u524d\u5c55\u73b0\u5176\u827a\u672f\u5168\u8c8c\u3002\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u4f5c\u5bb6\u514b\u6d1b\u4ee3\u5c14\uff08Paul Claudel\uff0c1868\u20141955\uff09\u65c5\u5c45\u4e2d\u56fd\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u6563\u6587\u8bd7\u96c6\u300a\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e1c\u65b9\u300b\uff08<em>Connaissance de l&#8217;est<\/em>, 1900\uff09\u4e2d\u6709\u201c\u620f\u53f0\u201d\u4e00\u7bc7\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u6574\u4f53\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u201c\u5e7f\u4e1c\u4f1a\u9986\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u89d2\u843d\u4e0a\u4f9b\u5949\u7740\u8d22\u795e\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5385\u4e2d\u592e\u6446\u7740\u82e5\u5e72\u5de8\u5927\u5750\u6905\uff0c\u7eda\u4e3d\u5e84\u4e25\uff0c\u6c14\u6d3e\u975e\u51e1\uff0c\u7136\u4ece\u65e0\u4eba\u5750\uff0c\u5f62\u540c\u865a\u8bbe\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u603b\u8981\u6709\u4e2a\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u5ea7\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u524d\u9762\u9662\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u4fa7\uff0c\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u5ea7\u91d1\u78a7\u8f89\u714c\u7684\u620f\u53f0\u3002\u201d\u514b\u6d1b\u4ee3\u5c14\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u620f\u53f0\u7684\u6c14\u6d3e\u548c\u5e84\u4e25\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u53d1\u73b0\u897f\u65b9\u821e\u53f0\u5267\u4e2d\u90a3\u79cd\u5206\u9694\u5185\u5916\u7684\u5927\u5e55\u5728\u6b64\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5728\u620f\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u201c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6f14\u5458\u90fd\u50cf\u88f9\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u7a7f\u900f\u4e0d\u8fc7\u7684\u7ec7\u7269\u4f3c\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u5267\u4e2d\u4eba\u7269\u7a7f\u7740\u5404\u79cd\u670d\u9970\u767b\u573a\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e0d\u505c\u5730\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u8138\u4e0a\u6beb\u65e0\u8868\u60c5\u3002\u5934\u4e0a\u62ab\u6234\u7740\u91d1\u73e0\uff0c\u8eab\u4e0a\u7a7f\u7740\u6240\u626e\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8863\u88f3\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u9762\u90e8\u90fd\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u539a\u539a\u7684\u8102\u7c89\u548c\u8138\u8c31\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u76d6\u5f97\u4e25\u4e25\u7684\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5c31\u53ea\u6709\u52a8\u4f5c\u548c\u58f0\u97f3\u4e86\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6cd5\u56fd\u89c2\u4f17\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u6765\u5f97\u53ca\u53c2\u900f\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u4e2d\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u670d\u9970\u548c\u8138\u8c31\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u53c8\u7ee7\u7eed\u7ec6\u81f4\u63cf\u8ff0\u4f34\u594f\u97f3\u4e50\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5404\u79cd\u4e50\u5668\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u52a8\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u611f\u5b98\u610f\u8c61\u548c\u901a\u611f\u624b\u6cd5\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u8868\u6f14\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u9523\u9f13\u55a7\u95f9\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7eb7\u7136\u6742\u9648\u201d\u7684\u821e\u53f0\uff0c\u5e26\u7ed9\u897f\u65b9\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u602a\u5f02\u4e4b\u7f8e\u3002[27]<\/p>\n<p>\u6765\u534e\u65c5\u884c\u8005\u6709\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u3001\u5546\u4eba\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u3001\u666e\u901a\u6e38\u5ba2\u7b49\uff0c\u6e38\u8bb0\u4e2d\u7684\u89c2\u620f\u611f\u53d7\u5927\u540c\u5c0f\u5f02\uff1a\u89c2\u4f17\u5e2d\u548c\u6f14\u51fa\u821e\u53f0\u90fd\u7f6e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u706f\u5149\u548c\u5e55\u5e03\u8fdb\u884c\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u620f\u5267\u7684\u5e7b\u89c9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u4ecd\u7136\u5904\u4e8e\u521d\u7ea7\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff1b\u620f\u53f0\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u5b9e\u5e03\u666f\uff0c\u6f14\u5458\u7684\u5986\u5bb9\u548c\u670d\u88c5\u9c9c\u8273\u3001\u5938\u5f20\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u73b0\u5b9e\u611f\uff1b\u8868\u6f14\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5316\u3001\u7537\u626e\u5973\u88c5\u3001\u5bbe\u767d\u4e0e\u6f14\u5531\u4ea4\u9519\u6df7\u5408\u7b49\u7279\u70b9\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u865a\u5047\u9020\u4f5c\uff0c\u620f\u66f2\u4f34\u594f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u55a7\u95f9\u7684\u566a\u58f0\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8868\u8ff0\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u8868\u6f14\u7684\u4e0d\u9002\u5e94\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5ba1\u7f8e\u7ef4\u5ea6\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u62c9\u9c81\u74e6\u4e2d\u80af\u5730\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u8fd9\u55a7\u95f9\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b27\u6d32\u542c\u4f17\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u662f\u60ca\u5947\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5165\u8ff7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u63d0\u9192\u5927\u5bb6\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u521a\u521a\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u97f3\u4e50\u5385\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\uff1a\u2018\u6bcf\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u542c\u4e0d\u61c2\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u58f0\u97f3\u592a\u5608\u6742\u3002\u2019\u201d[28]\u6bd4\u8f83\u6587\u5316\u5b66\u8005\u827e\u7530\u84b2\uff08Ren\u00e9 Etiemble\uff0c1909\u20142002\uff09\u66fe\u7ecf\u56de\u5fc6\u4ed6\u6700\u521d\u63a5\u89e6\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u65f6\u7684\u611f\u53d7\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u3001\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6b4c\u5267\u9662\u7ecf\u7406\u8def\u6613\u00b7\u62c9\u9c81\u74e6\uff08Louis Laloy\uff09\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8ba9\u6211\u53bb\u4ed6\u5bb6\u542c\u4e00\u5f20\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u5531\u7247\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u611f\u5230\u65e0\u6bd4\u523a\u8033\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u94b1\u5fb7\u660e\u795e\u752b\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u5bab\u5ef7\u53d7\u5230\u9752\u7750\uff0c\u7528\u7fbd\u7ba1\u952e\u7434\u6216\u957f\u7b1b\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6f14\u594f\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u897f\u65b9\u97f3\u4e50\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u54c1\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u542c\u4e86\u89c9\u5f97\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u2026\u2026\u6211\u540e\u6765\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u542c\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4e2d\u56fd\u97f3\u4e50\uff0c\u624d\u4e0d\u81f3\u4e8e\u611f\u5230\u523a\u8033\u3002\u201d[29]\u6bd4\u8f83\u6587\u5b66\u5b66\u8005\u6234\u7279\u4e3d\uff08Muriel D\u00e9trie\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u89c2\u4f17\u4ea7\u751f\u5426\u5b9a\u770b\u6cd5\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u7684\u7f8e\u5b66\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u6709\u6096\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u6b23\u8d4f\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u827a\u672f\u5f62\u5f0f\u65f6\u4e0d\u77e5\u6240\u63aa\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53c8\u4ece\u672a\u60f3\u8fc7\u8d28\u7591\u81ea\u8eab\u4e60\u60ef\u3002\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u5728\u521d\u63a5\u89e6\u65f6\u4ee4\u4ed6\u4eec\u7740\u8ff7\uff0c\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u79cd\u8272\u5f69\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5a31\u4e50\u8282\u76ee\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u4ee4\u4eba\u751f\u538c\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8868\u6f14\u624b\u6cd5\u8fd8\u662f\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u6f14\u5531\u7edf\u7edf\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4f4e\u52a3\u7684\u60c5\u8da3\u3002\u201d[30]\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u5728\u88ab\u5f02\u56fd\u60c5\u8c03\u5438\u5f15\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6e90\u81ea\u672c\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u6216\u662f\u4f18\u8d8a\u611f\u6240\u5851\u9020\u7684\u5ba1\u7f8e\u89c2\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u827a\u672f\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u548c\u6392\u65a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u4e2d\u6cd5\u620f\u66f2\u827a\u672f\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e4b\u8087\u59cb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u59cb\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u9014\u5f84\u4e0d\u518d\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u4ee5\u821e\u53f0\u827a\u672f\u5448\u73b0\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u4e3a\u821e\u53f0\u6f14\u51fa\u800c\u8bd1\u7684\u620f\u5267\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u62c9\u9c81\u74e6\u5728\u7559\u6cd5\u5b66\u4eba\u674e\u77f3\u66fe\u7684\u534f\u52a9\u4e0b\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6539\u7f16\u300a\u6c49\u5bab\u79cb\u300b\uff0c1911\u5e74\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u827a\u672f\u5267\u9662\u4e0a\u6f14\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53d1\u73b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ee5\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u52a0\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f97\u4ee5\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u5982\u62c9\u9c81\u74e6\u300a\u9ec4\u7cb1\u68a6\u300b\u7684\u6539\u5199\u672c\u57281942\u5e74\u88ab\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e7f\u64ad\u5c40\u5f55\u5236\u4e3a\u5e7f\u64ad\u5267\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5e76\u975e\u5fe0\u5b9e\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u4f46\u62c9\u9c81\u74e6\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u3001\u8de8\u5a92\u4ecb\u7684\u620f\u5267\u6539\u7f16\u662f\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u6cd5\u8bed\u7248\u620f\u5267\u300a\u9ec4\u7cb1\u68a6\u300b\u548c\u300a\u6c49\u5bab\u79cb\u300b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u96be\u5f97\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u4e5f\u5728\u6240\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u300a\u4e9a\u6d32\u4e09\u5267\u300b\uff08<em>Trois drames de l&#8217;Asie<\/em>, 1943\uff09\u5e8f\u8a00\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0e\u4ed6\u62e5\u6709\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5728\u8fdc\u79bb\u6240\u8c13\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u5316\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u50cf\u4ed6\u90a3\u6837\u5bfb\u627e\u6211\u7684\u620f\u5267\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u5e76\u50cf\u9ad8\u4e43\u4f9d\u3001\u62c9\u8f9b\u548c\u6b4c\u5fb7\u90a3\u6837\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u539f\u8457\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6211\u7684\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u518d\u521b\u4f5c\u3002\u201d[31]<\/p>\n<p>\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u521a\u521a\u7ecf\u5386\u4e00\u6218\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u5bf9\u6b27\u6d32\u6587\u660e\u5931\u53bb\u4fe1\u5fc3\u4e4b\u65f6\u5bf9\u5f02\u57df\u6587\u5316\u4ea7\u751f\u6d53\u539a\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u821e\u53f0\u4e5f\u4e0a\u6f14\u8bf8\u5982\u300a\u56fe\u5170\u6735\u300b\uff08<em>Turandot<\/em>\uff09\u3001\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7687\u5e1d\u300b\uff08<em>L&#8217;Empereur de Chine<\/em>\uff09\u3001\u300a\u9e33\u9e2f\u4f1a\u300b\uff08<em>Le Club des canards mandarins<\/em>\uff09\u7b49\u7531\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u9898\u6750\u5267\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u754c\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u58eb\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u8c08\u300b\u7b49\u753b\u518c\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u827a\u672f\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u501f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u8868\u6f14\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5f15\u8d77\u5176\u5174\u8da3\u4e14\u6700\u65b9\u4fbf\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u8138\u8c31\uff0c\u963f\u5c14\u6258\uff08Antonin Artaud, 1896\u20141948\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u8138\u8c31\u827a\u672f\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u4eba\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u52a0\u5165\u8457\u540d\u620f\u5267\u5bb6\u675c\u5170\uff08Charles Dullin\uff0c1885\u20141949\uff09\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\uff0c1922\u5e74\u5728\u51fa\u6f14\u610f\u5927\u5229\u620f\u5267\u5bb6\u76ae\u5170\u5fb7\u5a04\uff08Luigi Pirandello\uff0c1867\u20141936\uff09\u300a\u8bda\u5b9e\u7684\u5feb\u4e50\u300b\uff08<em>La Volupt\u00e9 de l&#8217;honneur<\/em>\uff09\u7684\u5267\u4e2d\u89d2\u8272\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u5316\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8138\u8c31\u5986\u3002\u675c\u5170\u4e5f\u5bf9\u4e1c\u65b9\u620f\u5267\u9887\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u5f53\u65f6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u963f\u5c14\u6258\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u6bd4\u4ed6\u8d70\u5f97\u66f4\u8fdc\u800c\u4e14\u66f4\u4e3a\u5927\u80c6\u3002\u5f53\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u4f5c\u5bb6\u79d1\u514b\u6258\uff08Jean Cocteau, 1889\u20141963\uff09\u7684\u620f\u5267\u300a\u5b89\u63d0\u6208\u6d85\u300b\uff08<em>Antigone<\/em>\uff09\u4e0a\u6f14\u65f6\uff0c\u963f\u5c14\u6258\u7684\u5973\u53cb\u963f\u5854\u7eb3\u4fee\uff08G\u00e9nica Athanasieu\uff0c1897\u20141966\uff09\u626e\u6f14\u5973\u4e3b\u89d2\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u5986\u5bb9\u4e5f\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u8138\u8c31\u6709\u51e0\u5206\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6709\u6587\u7ae0\u8bc4\u8bba\u8bf4\u201c\u963f\u5854\u7eb3\u4fee\u5c0f\u59d0\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5973\u4eba\u201d[32]\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u514b\u62581936\u5e74\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u5176\u73af\u7403\u4e4b\u65c5\u4e2d\u77ed\u6682\u5230\u8bbf\u4e2d\u56fd\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4f4d\u8fdc\u65b9\u6765\u5ba2\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4e1c\u65b9\u56fd\u5ea6\u62e5\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u800c\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u620f\u5267\u827a\u672f\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u4e2d\uff0c\u79d1\u514b\u6258\u5c24\u5176\u6b23\u8d4f\u201c\u8d85\u8d8a\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u6027\u522b\u4e4b\u7f8e\u201d[33]\u7684\u53cd\u4e32\u8868\u6f14\u3002\u4ed6\u6700\u719f\u77e5\u548c\u94a6\u4f69\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6f14\u5458\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u4eac\u5267\u827a\u672f\u5927\u5e08\u6885\u5170\u82b3\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u79d1\u514b\u6258\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u7f8e\u5973\u4e0e\u91ce\u517d\u300b\uff08<em>La Belle et la b\u00eate<\/em>\uff091946\u5e74\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e0a\u6620\uff0c\u6885\u5170\u82b3\u5728\u4e00\u573a\u653e\u6620\u665a\u4f1a\u4e0a\u6717\u8bfb\u4e86\u79d1\u514b\u6258\u7684\u4e66\u4fe1\u81f4\u8f9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6cd5\u56fd\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u5c06\u620f\u5267\u827a\u672f\u548c\u7535\u5f71\u827a\u672f\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u79cd\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6885\u5170\u82b3\u201c\u662f\u8fd9\u95e8\u5b97\u6559\u91cc\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u6559\u58eb\u201d\uff0c\u613f\u610f\u201c\u501f\u6885\u5170\u82b3\u4e4b\u53e3\u5411\u6df1\u6c89\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u81f4\u656c\u201d\u3002[34]\u79d1\u514b\u6258\u5728\u4fe1\u4e2d\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u548c\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u7684\u70ed\u7231\u4e4b\u60c5\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u610f\u5728\u7535\u5f71\u827a\u672f\u4e2d\u8ba9\u4e1c\u65b9\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u620f\u5267\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u7ae5\u8bdd\u9ed8\u5951\u4ea4\u878d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u6cd5\u4eba\u6587\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u8d70\u51fa\u56fd\u95e8\uff0c\u66f4\u4e3a\u6d77\u5916\u4eba\u58eb\u6240\u77e5\u30021928\u5e74\uff0c\u6606\u66f2\u5927\u738b\u97e9\u4e16\u660c\u5148\u751f\u8bbf\u65e5\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u70ed\u70c8\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u4eac\u5267\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u6885\u5170\u82b3\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u5230\u8bbf\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u827a\u672f\u58f0\u8a89\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u5df4\u9ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316\u4e4b\u90fd\u3002\u5728\u4ed61919\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u8bbf\u65e5\u6f14\u51fa\u5f53\u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd12\u670821\u65e5\u300a\u955c\u62a5\u300b\uff08<em>Le Miroir<\/em>\uff09\u5c31\u6700\u65e9\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u62a5\u9053\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u57281928\u5e74\u81f31930\u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u300a\u620f\u5267\u62a5\u300b\uff08<em>Comoedia<\/em>\uff09\u5bf9\u6885\u5170\u82b3\u7684\u6f14\u51fa\u52a8\u6001\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u4ee5\u5176\u8d74\u7f8e\u6f14\u51fa\u524d\u540e\u62a5\u9053\u548c\u8bc4\u8bba\u5c45\u591a\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u6709\u5267\u7167\u6216\u751f\u6d3b\u7167\u3002[35]\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6234\u7279\u4e3d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5e94\u6392\u9664\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a\u201c\u4ed61930\u5e74\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c1935\u5e74\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u6f14\u51fa\u5bf9\u5916\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u5bb6\u6216\u5bfc\u6f14\uff0c\u5982\u5e03\u83b1\u5e0c\u7279\u3001\u65af\u5766\u5c3c\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u65af\u57fa\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7a0d\u540e\u53c8\u5bf9\u6cd5\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u754c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u201d[36]<\/p>\n<p>1930 \u5e74\uff0c\u674e\u77f3\u66fe\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u521b\u529e\u96c6\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u6559\u5b66\u548c\u8868\u6f14\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u673a\u6784\u4e2d\u534e\u620f\u66f2\u97f3\u4e50\u9662\uff0c\u5317\u5e73\u5206\u9662\u7531\u6885\u5170\u82b3\u3001\u9f50\u5982\u5c71\u4e3b\u6301\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u5206\u9662\u7531\u7a0b\u781a\u79cb\u3001\u91d1\u4ef2\u836a\u4e3b\u6301\u3002\u5728\u674e\u77f3\u66fe\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u7a0b\u781a\u79cb\u4e8e1932\u5e741\u6708\u81f31933\u5e744\u6708\u6e38\u5386\u82cf\u8054\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u3001\u610f\u5927\u5229\u3001\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u548c\u745e\u58eb\u4e03\u56fd\u3002\u4e0e\u6885\u5170\u82b3\u51fa\u56fd\u5de1\u6f14\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7a0b\u781a\u79cb\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u4e4b\u884c\u4ee5\u8003\u5bdf\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u56fd\u5916\u620f\u5267\u4e3a\u5b97\u65e8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6240\u5230\u4e4b\u5904\u4ea6\u6709\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u8868\u6f14\u5c55\u793a\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u6b27\u6d32\u620f\u5267\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/i04piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/bdc7060bf2cee909\" \/><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/img1.baidu.com\/it\/u=3286218415,1039150004&amp;fm=253&amp;fmt=auto&amp;app=138&amp;f=JPEG?w=500&amp;h=674\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p>\u7a0b\u781a\u79cb\u8d74\u6b27\u8003\u5bdf\u62a5\u544a\u53ca\u7559\u5f71<\/p>\n<p>1932\u5e741\u670828\u65e5\u81f35\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u7a0b\u781a\u79cb\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u9017\u7559\u4e09\u6708\u6709\u4f59\uff0c\u53c2\u89c2\u8003\u5bdf\u591a\u5bb6\u8bdd\u5267\u9662\u548c\u6b4c\u5267\u9662\u4ee5\u53ca\u620f\u5267\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u201c\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5927\u5267\u9662\u79d8\u4e66\u957f\u8d56\u9c81\u96c5\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u63a5\u5f85\u201d[37]\uff0c\u8d56\u9c81\u96c5\u5373\u517c\u6cbb\u6c49\u5b66\u7684\u620f\u5267\u5bb6\u62c9\u9c81\u74e6\u3002\u7ecf\u5176\u5f15\u89c1\uff0c\u7a0b\u781a\u79cb\u5f97\u4ee5\u7ed3\u8bc6\u591a\u4f4d\u6b27\u6d32\u620f\u5267\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\u3002\u5728\u300a\u7a0b\u781a\u79cb\u8d74\u6b27\u8003\u5bdf\u620f\u66f2\u97f3\u4e50\u62a5\u544a\u4e66\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8be6\u8ff0\u6b27\u6d32\u6e38\u5386\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u89c1\u95fb\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u6cd5\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u827a\u672f\u6709\u6240\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u8868\u6f14\u5bb6\u5151\u52d2\u201c\u6539\u826f\u620f\u5267\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u5199\u5b9e\u5f88\u529b\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u56fd\u620f\u5267\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u771f\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u5f88\u662f\u4fe1\u4ef0\u201d\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u620f\u5267\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u81ea\u8eab\u90fd\u5404\u6709\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u6539\u826f\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5982\u679c\u91c7\u7528\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u5e03\u666f\u4ee5\u6539\u826f\u620f\u5267\uff0c\u65e0\u5f02\u4e8e\u996e\u6bd2\u9152\u81ea\u6740\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e03\u666f\u6b63\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u7a0b\u781a\u79cb\u5c06\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u51c0\u5e54\u4e4b\u6cd5\u544a\u8bc9\u6b27\u6d32\u540c\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8868\u793a\u201c\u610f\u5916\u7684\u503e\u670d\u548c\u7fa1\u6155\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8e\u8d56\u9c81\u96c5\u5148\u751f\uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u662f\u6781\u7aef\u79f0\u8bb8\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u6539\u826f\u6b27\u6d32\u620f\u5267\u7684\u95e8\u5f84\u201d\u3002\u4e2d\u6cd5\u620f\u5267\u5bb6\u4eec\u5173\u4e8e\u8868\u6f14\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u5219\u66f4\u52a0\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u7a0b\u781a\u79cb\u4e00\u4e00\u8f6c\u8ff0\uff1a\u201c\u63d0\u97ad\u5f53\u9a6c\uff0c\u642c\u6905\u4f5c\u95e8\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u5f00\u95e8\u548c\u4e0a\u697c\u7b49\u4ec5\u7528\u624b\u8db3\u4f5c\u59ff\u52bf\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u66fe\u7ecf\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u6700\u5e7c\u7a1a\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u6b27\u6d32\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u620f\u5267\u5bb6\u5219\u627f\u8ba4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u6700\u6210\u719f\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u2026\u2026\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c\u5151\u52d2\u4e5f\u66fe\u63d0\u8d77\u8fd9\u79cd\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u53ef\u73cd\u8d35\u7684\u5199\u610f\u7684\u6f14\u5267\u672f\u3002\u201d\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u89c2\u5267\u9887\u591a\u7684\u7a0b\u781a\u79cb\u66fe\u770b\u8fc7\u5151\u52d2\uff08\u7a0b\u781a\u79cb\u672c\u4eba\u53c8\u66fe\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u63a8\u8d56\u201d\uff09\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u8868\u6f14\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u201c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u52a8\u4f5c\u540c\u6211\u56fd\u76f8\u8fd1\u201d\u3002\u7a0b\u781a\u79cb\u53c8\u5f15\u8ff0\u89c1\u95fb\u9887\u5e7f\u7684\u300a\u5c0f\u5df4\u9ece\u4eba\u62a5\u300b[38]\uff08<em>Le Petit Parisien<\/em>\uff09\u603b\u4e3b\u7f16\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff1a\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fdb\u6b65\u5230\u4e86\u5199\u610f\u7684\u6f14\u5267\u672f\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u6765\u6b27\u6d32\u8003\u5bdf\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u201d\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u620f\u5267\u5bb6\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u7684\u666e\u904d\u5171\u8bc6\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u7684\u5316\u5986\u548c\u9053\u5177\u4e5f\u5f15\u8d77\u6b27\u6d32\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u7a0b\u781a\u79cb\u5c24\u5176\u63d0\u5230\u8138\u8c31\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff1a\u201c\u5151\u52d2\u5411\u6211\u8981\u53bb\u8bb8\u591a\u8138\u8c31\uff0c\u6211\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4ed6\u53ea\u662f\u62ff\u53bb\u5f53\u4e00\u79cd\u9648\u5217\u6216\u53c2\u8003\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u770b\u89c1\u300a\u60ad\u541d\u4eba\u300b\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u767b\u573a\u4eba\u662f\u7ea2\u8138\u7684\uff0c\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u662f\u5728\u5b66\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\uff0c\u8138\u8c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u56fe\u6848\u753b\uff0c\u5728\u620f\u5267\u4e0a\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u4f5c\u7528\u6709\u65f6\u548c\u706f\u5149\u4ea7\u751f\u540c\u4e00\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u6cd5\u5fb7\u4e24\u56fd\u5df2\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u620f\u5267\u5bb6\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u4e86\u3002\u201d[39]\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u754c\u6709\u8bc6\u4e4b\u58eb\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u5267\u827a\u672f\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u620f\u5267\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u4f18\u52bf\u5df2\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e86\u89e3\u548c\u501f\u9274\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7a0b\u781a\u79cb5\u6708\u8d74\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u57287\u6708\u5e95\u53c8\u56de\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c\u62b5\u8fbe\u5357\u65b9\u57ce\u5e02\u5c3c\u65af\u53c2\u52a0\u56fd\u9645\u65b0\u6559\u80b2\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u620f\u66f2\u4e0e\u548c\u5e73\u8fd0\u52a8\u300b\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6e05\u5531\u4e86\u300a\u9a82\u6bbf\u300b\u548c\u300a\u8352\u5c71\u6cea\u300b\u9009\u6bb5\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u89c2\u4f17\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u7ee7\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e8e8 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