{"id":55445,"date":"2025-07-24T04:51:13","date_gmt":"2025-07-23T20:51:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=55445"},"modified":"2025-07-24T05:04:21","modified_gmt":"2025-07-23T21:04:21","slug":"%e5%86%b7%e6%88%98%e9%80%86%e8%a1%8c%e8%80%85-1957%e5%b9%b4%e5%8f%b0%e5%8c%97%e5%88%98%e8%87%aa%e7%84%b6%e4%ba%8b%e4%bb%b6%e5%a7%8b%e6%9c%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=55445","title":{"rendered":"\u51b7\u6218\u9006\u884c\u8005: 1957\u5e74\u53f0\u5317\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u4e8b\u4ef6\u59cb\u672b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u64b0\u6587: \u5415\u8fc5 \u6765\u6e90:\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u5386\u53f2\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b<\/p>\n<p>1957\u5e74\u7684\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u4e8b\u4ef6\u66fe\u56e0\u968f\u540e\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u53f0\u5317\u6c11\u4f17\u6363\u6bc1\u7f8e\u56fd\u201c\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u201d\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u800c\u540d\u566a\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u82cf\u51b7\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\u610f\u5916\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u4e8b\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u6291\u6216\u662f\u53f0\u6e7e\u53cd\u7f8e\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u906e\u853d\u4e0b\u800c\u6251\u6714\u8ff7\u79bb\uff0c\u66f4\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u5149\u7684\u6d41\u901d\u800c\u6de1\u51fa\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7532\u5b50\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u5b66\u754c\u5bf9\u6b64\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5374\u672a\u5c3d\u5982\u4eba\u610f\u3002\u5728\u5c48\u6307\u53ef\u6570\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b66\u6c49\u5e02\u59d4\u515a\u53f2\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u83ab\u5143\u94a6\u53d1\u8868\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e24\u7bc7\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6027\u7684\u77ed\u6587\uff0c\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6897\u6982\uff0c\u8f83\u65b0\u95fb\u62a5\u5bfc\u4e3a\u4f18\u3002 \u53f0\u6e7e\u5b66\u8005\u6817\u56fd\u6210\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u662f\u5df2\u77e5\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9610\u91ca\u6700\u597d\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u3001\u7ecf\u8fc7\u3001\u53cd\u54cd\u90fd\u6709\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u6ce8\u91cd\u4e8e\u53f0\u7f8e\u76f8\u5173\u5730\u4f4d\u534f\u5b9a\u8c08\u5224\u7684\u6298\u51b2\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u5bf9\u6316\u6398\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5185\u5e55\u5219\u529b\u6709\u4e0d\u902e\u3002 \u800c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u514b\u62c9\u592b\u7279\uff08Stephen G. Craft\uff09\u7684\u4e13\u8457\u5219\u66f4\u4e3a\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86\u4e8b\u60c5\u7ecf\u8fc7\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u4e2d\u7f8e\u4e24\u56fd\u95f4\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5f3a\u70c8\u4f9d\u9760\u82f1\u6587\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u90fd\u5931\u4e4b\u504f\u9887\u3001\u4e0d\u65e0\u758f\u6f0f\u3002 \u672c\u6587\u62df\u4ee5\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u5916\u4ea4\u6863\u6848\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u848b\u7ecf\u56fd\u3001\u4e25\u5bb6\u6de6\u6863\u6848\u4e3a\u8f85\uff0c\u5bf9\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u6848\u3001\u53f0\u5317\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\u52a0\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6216\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u5bf9\u7acb\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/220d529aff13b797\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6c11\u4f17\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u201c\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u201d\u524d\u6297\u8bae<\/p>\n<section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section>1<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p><strong>\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u88ab\u6740\u8c03\u67e5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u53f0\u5317\u9769\u547d\u5b9e\u8df5\u7814\u7a76\u966233\u5c81\u7684\u6253\u5b57\u5458\u5218\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u4e8e1957\u5e743\u670820\u65e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ff7\u96fe\u7b3c\u7f69\u7684\u6df1\u591c\u5728\u9633\u660e\u5c71\u4e2d\u6b63\u516c\u56ed\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u88ab\u7f8e\u519b\u63f4\u987e\u95ee\u56e2\uff08MAAG\uff09\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u4e0a\u58eb\uff08Robert G. Reynolds\uff09\u4e24\u67aa\u6bd9\u547d\u3002\u5f53\u591c23\u65f650\u5206\uff0c\u9633\u660e\u5c71\u8b66\u5bdf\u6240\u7684\u7535\u8bdd\u94c3\u54cd\u4e86\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u662f\u96f7\u5b85\u5973\u4f63\u59da\u674e\u59b9\u6253\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u62a5\u544a\u6709\u67aa\u51fb\u6848\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u5916\u4e8b\u7ec4\u957f\u97e9\u7532\u9ece\u968f\u5373\u8d76\u5230\u96f7\u5b85\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u9633\u660e\u5c71\u7f8e\u519b\u7737\u5c5e\u5bbf\u820dB\u533a1\u53f7\u3002\u97e9\u7532\u9ece\u770b\u5230\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u5750\u5728\u6c99\u53d1\u4e0a\uff0c\u6c14\u5598\u5401\u5401\uff08panting\uff09\u5730\u6307\u7740\u9762\u524d\u7684\u624b\u67aa\uff0c\u627f\u8ba4\u201c\u51fa\u4e8b\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u7528\u8fd9\u67aa\u6253\u4e86\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u90a3\u4eba\u88ab\u6211\u6253\u4e2d\u8179\u90e8\uff0c\u73b0\u9003\u5230\u516c\u56ed\u91cc\u53bb\u4e86\u201d\u3002\u636e\u96f7\u672c\u4eba\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9648\u8ff0\uff0c\u8be5\u665a\u7ea623\u65f645\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u59bb\u514b\u62c9\u62c9\uff08Clara Reynolds\uff09\u7531\u6d74\u5ba4\u51fa\u544a\uff0c\u5c4b\u5916\u6709\u4eba\u6b63\u4ece\u7a97\u5e18\u4e0a\u5411\u5185\u5077\u7aa5\uff0c\u96f7\u5f53\u5373\u8ba9\u59bb\u5b50\u4fdd\u6301\u5e38\u6001\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u53d6\u51fa.22\u5de6\u8f6e\u624b\u67aa\uff0c\u719f\u7ec3\u5730\u88c5\u6ee1\u4e5d\u53d1\u5b50\u5f39\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u540e\u95e8\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u7ed5\u5230\u9694\u58c12\u53f7\u95e8\u524d\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728\u8def\u706f\u7167\u4eae\u7684\u5c0f\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u679c\u7136\u770b\u5230\u81ea\u5bb6\u6d74\u5ba4\u7a97\u5916\uff0c\u79bb\u5730\u4e24\u7c73\u591a\u9ad8\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4eba\u4ecd\u65e7\u6500\u9644\u4e8e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bdd\u558a\u201c\u7b49\u4e00\u7b49\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4eba\u95fb\u58f0\u8df3\u4e0b\u540e\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e0d\u9003\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u732b\u8170\u5411\u96f7\u903c\u8fd1\uff0c\u53ca\u81f3\u4e00\u7c73\u8ddd\u79bb\u9762\u7acb\uff0c\u5de6\u624b\u6301\u4e00\u6839\u5927\u7ea6\u4e00\u7c73\u957f\u3001\u76f4\u5f842.5\u5398\u7c73\u7684\u9f50\u8170\u6728\u68d2\uff08stick\uff09\uff0c\u5288\u5411\u62ff\u7740\u624b\u67aa\u7684\u96f7\uff0c\u96f7\u4e3a\u81ea\u536b\u5411\u5176\u524d\u80f8\u53d1\u5c04\u4e00\u5f39\uff0c\u90a3\u4eba\u4fa7\u8eab\u8dd1\u4e86\u51e0\u6b65\u540e\u4ec6\u4e8e\u9053\u65c1\uff1b\u96f7\u4e0a\u524d\u5341\u4f59\u6b65\uff0c\u770b\u89c1\u4ed6\u53cc\u624b\u6367\u80f8\u7ad9\u8d77\u8eab\u6765\uff0c\u201c\u663e\u7136\u60f3\u9003\u201d\uff08run away\uff09\uff0c\u9042\u53c8\u8865\u4e00\u67aa\uff0c\u8be5\u4eba\u4e2d\u5f39\u540e\u5411\u516c\u56ed\u65b9\u5411\u8e52\u8dda\u800c\u9003\uff0c\u96f7\u81ea\u8fd4\u5b85\uff0c\u547d\u5973\u4ec6\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u62a5\u8b66\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u5411\u97e9\u7532\u9ece\u6f14\u793a\u5f53\u65f6\u60c5\u5f62\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7f8e\u519b\u5baa\u5175\u7ec4\u4e0a\u58eb\u9a6c\u656c\u91d1\uff08Eugene R. McJunkins\uff09\u4ea6\u8d76\u6765\uff0c\u968f\u5373\u4f1a\u540c\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u53bb\u516c\u56ed\u5206\u5934\u627e\u5bfb\u88ab\u51fb\u4e4b\u4eba\u3002\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u7387\u5148\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u7ecf\u97e9\u7532\u9ece\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5218\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u4e1a\u5df2\u6c14\u7edd\u3002\u73b0\u573a\u7531\u9633\u660e\u5c71\u8b66\u5bdf\u6240\u6d3e\u5458\u76d1\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u540e\u7684\u534a\u5929\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u4e24\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9648\u8ff0\uff0c\u6e10\u6e10\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5f00\u7b2c\u4e8c\u67aa\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u5408\u7406\u5316\u300221\u65e52\u65f640\u5206\uff0c\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u544a\u8bc9\u97e9\u7532\u9ece\u7684\u4e0a\u53f8\u3001\u5916\u4e8b\u5ba4\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4efb\u76db\u4e07\u9552\uff1a\u5f00\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u67aa\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e76\u672a\u4e0a\u524d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u547d\u59da\u674e\u59b9\u62a5\u8b66\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u7ed9\u7f8e\u519b\u5baa\u5175\u7ec4\u9a6c\u656c\u91d1\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u53c8\u8d70\u51fa\u5c4b\u5916\uff0c\u89c1\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u5df2\u7ad9\u8d77\u8eab\u6765\u53cc\u624b\u6367\u80f8\uff0c\u4fbf\u5f00\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u67aa\uff0c\u5e76\u5927\u547c\u201c\u5baa\u5175\u201d\uff0c\u5218\u624d\u5411\u516c\u56ed\u9003\u53bb\u3002\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u9648\u8ff0\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u5348\u540e\u4e8c\u65f6\u8bb8\u3002\u4ed6\u544a\u8bc9\u53f0\u5317\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u9662\u68c0\u5bdf\u5904\u68c0\u5bdf\u5b98\u7f57\u5fc5\u8fbe\uff1a\u5f00\u7b2c\u4e00\u67aa\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u7528\u82f1\u8bed\u8b66\u544a\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u4ed6\u4f1a\u5f00\u67aa\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u8005\u672a\u52a0\u7406\u4f1a\uff1b\u5f00\u7b2c\u4e00\u67aa\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u56de\u5bb6\u5429\u5490\u62a5\u8b66\uff0c\u518d\u8f6c\u8fd4\u4e8b\u53d1\u5730\u70b9\uff0c\u770b\u89c1\u5218\u5df2\u7ad9\u8d77\u8eab\u5411\u4ed6\u8d70\u6765\uff0c\u590d\u7528\u82f1\u8bed\u53eb\u4ed6\u505c\uff0c\u5218\u4ecd\u8e52\u8dda\u903c\u8fd1\uff0c\u624d\u5f00\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u67aa\uff0c\u4e24\u67aa\u95f4\u9694\u7ea6\u4e24\u5206\u949f\u3002 \u800c\u5c31\u5728\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u505a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9648\u8ff0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u59da\u674e\u59b9\u88ab\u5e26\u81f3\u9633\u660e\u5c71\u5211\u8b66\u7ec4\u4ea6\u5f55\u5f97\u53e3\u4f9b\uff1a\u201c\u5f00\u67aa\u58f0\u5c31\u5728\u6211\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u524d\u7ea6\u4e94\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u6211\u542c\u5230\u5f00\u4e24\u58f0\uff0c\u4e24\u58f0\u76f8\u8ddd\u7ea6\u4e8c\u79d2\u949f\u201d\u3002 \u9633\u660e\u5c71\u4e2d\u56fd\u5baa\u5175\u961f\u957f\u8584\u7389\u5c71\u4e5f\u4f9b\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u95fb\u67aa\u58f0\uff0c\u7cfb\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u536b\u5175\u4ea4\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u53731957\u5e743\u670820\u65e523\u65f655\u5206\u81f3\u7fcc\uff0821\uff09\u65e50\u65f63\u5206\uff0c\u95fb\u5f97\u8fde\u7eed\u4e8c\u67aa\u58f0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e8c\u67aa\u58f0\uff0c\u76f8\u8ddd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc730\u79d2\u949f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6848\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7591\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u6240\u79f0\u7684\u6728\u68d2\u4e00\u76f4\u672a\u66fe\u5bfb\u83b7\u3002\u4e8b\u53d1\u540e\u4e00\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\uff0c\u97e9\u7532\u9ece\u4f1a\u540c\u9a6c\u656c\u91d1\u5373\u5c55\u5f00\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u6728\u68d2\uff0c\u4ec5\u7f8e\u65b9\u5728\u6c34\u6ce5\u8def\u4e0b\u7684\u7af9\u6797\u91cc\uff08\u8ddd\u79bb\u6b7b\u8005\u5012\u6bd9\u590445\u7c73\u5de6\u53f3\uff09\u6361\u5230\u624b\u6307\u7c97\u7ec6\u7684\u6a31\u82b1\u6811\u679d\u4e00\u6839\uff0c\u957f60\u5398\u7c73\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u89c9\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6307\uff0c\u9a6c\u656c\u91d1\u6ca1\u6709\u6309\u7167\u6b63\u5e38\u5211\u4fa6\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u968f\u624b\u62ff\u8d77\uff0c\u6811\u679d\u4e0a\u5df2\u65e0\u6cd5\u9a8c\u660e\u6307\u7eb9\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u8be2\u4e4b\u96f7\u6c0f\uff0c\u77e2\u53e3\u5426\u8ba4\u3002\u4e2d\u65b9\u62a5\u544a\u79f0\uff0c\u8be5\u6811\u679d\u53d1\u73b0\u65f6\u4ecd\u6709\u9732\u6c34\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f3c\u66fe\u88ab\u624b\u63e1\u5904\u7406\u3002 \u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u7f8e\u65b9\u8c03\u67e5\u4eba\u5458\u5eb7\u8fea\u7279\uff08Ross R. Condit\uff09\u4e2d\u6821\u8be2\u95ee\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u770b\u89c1\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u5230\u5e95\u624b\u6267\u4f55\u7269\u65f6\uff0c\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u5148\u524d\u9648\u8ff0\uff0c\u8bf4\u4ed6\u5f53\u65f6\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5218\u63e1\u7684\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u642d\u5efa\u9732\u5929\u70e7\u70e4\u7076\u53f0\u7528\u7684\u94a2\u7b4b\u3002 \u7136\u800c\u8352\u5510\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6761\u6811\u679d\u6700\u540e\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u8bc1\u7269\u5448\u4e0a\u6cd5\u5ead\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u9057\u4f53\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u50f5\u5367\u4e8e\u6ce5\u6cde\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u7fcc\u65e5\u5348\u540e\u4e00\u65f6\u8bb8\uff0c\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u624d\u914d\u5408\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u7f8e\u53cc\u65b9\u4eba\u5458\u91cd\u65b0\u6765\u5230\u73b0\u573a\u52d8\u5bdf\u3002\u5c38\u4f53\u5934\u5411\u7f8e\u519b\u7737\u820dB\u533a\uff0c\u811a\u6307\u9633\u660e\u6e56\uff0c\u8ddd\u79bb\u96f7\u5b8552\u7c73\uff0c\u6cbf\u9014\u672a\u53d1\u73b0\u8840\u8ff9\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u7701\u8b66\u52a1\u5904\u5211\u4e8b\u8b66\u5bdf\u603b\u961f\u89e3\u5256\u5ba4\u5c38\u68c0\u62a5\u544a\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7cfb\u7531\u4e24\u5904\u81f4\u547d\u67aa\u4f24\u6240\u81f4\uff0c\u4e00\u5728\u5de6\u80ba\uff0c\u4e00\u5728\u809d\u810f\uff0c\u6b7b\u56e0\u4e3a\u5931\u8840\u8fc7\u591a\uff1b\u5b50\u5f39\u5747\u7559\u5728\u4f53\u5185\uff0c\u80f8\u90e8\u5f39\u5b54\u5728\u5de6\u80a9\u814b\u4e0b\u65b9\uff0c\u5f39\u9053\u663e\u793a\u5218\u662f\u8eba\u5367\u59ff\u52bf\u4e2d\u5f39\uff0c\u8179\u90e8\u6b63\u9762\u4e2d\u5f39\u3002 \u731c\u6d4b\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53ef\u80fd\u7cfb\u9762\u5bf9\u9762\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u67aa\u51fb\u4e2d\u8179\u90e8\uff0c\u5f00\u7b2c\u4e8c\u67aa\u65f6\u6b7b\u8005\u5df2\u5012\u5730\uff0c\u51fb\u4e2d\u5de6\u80f8\u4fa7\u9762\u3002\u5c38\u68c0\u5e76\u7531\u7f8e\u519b\u533b\u5b98\uff08Col. C. B. Williams, Lt. Col. Samuel McClatchie\uff09\u4e24\u540d\u966a\u540c\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u968f\u540e\u7684\u7406\u5316\u9274\u5b9a\u62a5\u544a\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u9057\u4f53\u4e0a\u8863\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f39\u5b54\u5468\u56f4\u90fd\u53d1\u73b0\u9ed1\u8272\u706b\u836f\u6b8b\u7559\uff0c\u5e03\u6599\u68c0\u51fa\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u53ca\u785d\u9178\u6839\u7b49\uff0c\u63a8\u5b9a\u4e24\u67aa\u53d1\u5c04\u8ddd\u79bb\u6781\u8fd1\uff0c\u5747\u572830\u5398\u7c73\u4ee5\u5185\uff1b\u53c8\u80c3\u5185\u5bb9\u7269\u68c0\u51fa\u9152\u7cbe\uff0c\u63a8\u5b9a\u751f\u524d\u66fe\u996e\u9152\u3002 \u4e0a\u8ff0\u7f8e\u519b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4f4d\u533b\u5b98\u89c2\u770b\u5c38\u68c0\u540e\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u5728\u906d\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u67aa\u51fb\u4e4b\u540e\u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u65bd\u6551\u6cbb\u5c1a\u53ef\u5e78\u5b58\u3002 \u5218\u81ea\u7136\u9648\u5c38\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u8ddd\u79bb\u96f7\u5b85\u6709\u4e0d\u77ed\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u6cbf\u9014\u53c8\u6ca1\u6709\u8840\u8ff9\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u4e0d\u7981\u5bf9\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u6240\u8c13\u5728\u5bb6\u95e8\u53e3\u5f00\u67aa\u81ea\u536b\uff08Castle doctrine\uff09\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f53\u65f6\u60c5\u5f62\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u90fd\u4ea7\u751f\u6000\u7591\u3002\u8fd9\u8ba9\u5728\u53f0\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u4e5f\u89c9\u201c\u6709\u4e9b\u68d8\u624b\u201d\u3002\u8fde\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\uff08Dwight 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class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section>2<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p><strong>\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u53d7\u5ba1\u7ecf\u8fc7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u53f0\u5317\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u9662\u6ca1\u6709\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u5417\uff1f\u65e9\u5728\u6848\u53d1\u540e\u4e00\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\uff0c\u8b66\u5458\u97e9\u7532\u9ece\u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u6263\u62bc\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u5baa\u5175\u9a6c\u656c\u91d1\u4e0a\u58eb\u4ee5\u8be5\u7f8e\u519b\u4eba\u5458\u4eab\u53d7\u5916\u4ea4\u8c41\u514d\u6743\u4e3a\u7531\u5cfb\u62d2\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf4\u660e\u201c\u4f9d\u7167\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6362\u6587\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e94\u4e3a\u7f8e\u65b9\u81ea\u884c\u5904\u7406\u201d\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u5728\u201c\u53cc\u65b9\u6362\u6587\u4e4b\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u672a\u89c1\u516c\u5e03\u201d\u3002 \u6267\u6cd5\u90e8\u95e8\u6839\u672c\u6beb\u4e0d\u77e5\u60c5\uff0c\u6240\u4f9d\u636e\u8005\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u53f2\u8fea\u5a01\uff08Joseph W. Stilwell\uff09\u4e8c\u6218\u4f7f\u534e\u671f\u95f41943\u5e74\u91cd\u5e86\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u5904\u7406\u5728\u534e\u7f8e\u519b\u4eba\u5458\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u6761\u4f8b\u300b\u3002\u5176\u7b2c\u56db\u6761\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9879\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u201c\u7f8e\u519b\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u7ecf\u67e5\u660e\u786e\u6709\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6216\u5acc\u7591\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5373\u5c06\u5176\u72af\u7f6a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6216\u5acc\u7591\uff0c\u901a\u77e5\u6709\u5173\u4e4b\u7f8e\u519b\u519b\u4e8b\u5f53\u5c40\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8be5\u4eba\u5458\u4ea4\u8be5\u5f53\u5c40\u529e\u7406\u201d\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8be5\u6761\u4f8b\u5199\u660e\u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f\u9650\u4e3a\u6218\u540e\u534a\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u7ecf1948\u5e746\u670811\u65e5\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u884c\u653f\u9662\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u6539\u5584\u5728\u534e\u7f8e\u519b\u4eba\u5458\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u529e\u6cd5\u300b\u89c4\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u63f4\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u6362\u6587\u89c4\u5b9a\u201d\u662f\u63071951\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d25\u9000\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5f53\u5c40\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a5\u53d7\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u4e8b\u63f4\u52a9\u800c\u88ab\u8feb\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u9644\u52a0\u6761\u4ef6\u30021\u670830\u65e5\uff0c\u9a7b\u53f0\u4ee3\u529e\u84dd\u94a6\uff08Karl L. Rankin\uff09\u4ee5\u7167\u4f1a\u5f62\u5f0f\u901a\u77e5\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d74\u53f0\u201c\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e34\u65f6\u6307\u6d3e\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u5185\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0a\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u7f8e\u9a7b\u534e\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u4e4b\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u53d7\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u534e\u5916\u4ea4\u9996\u8981\u4e4b\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0e\u7ba1\u8f96\u201d\uff08operate as a part of the United States Embassy\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u9879\u6761\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9738\u738b\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u662f\u4e0e\u671d\u9c9c\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\u4ee5\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u6279\u51c6\u63f4\u52a9\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7269\u8d44\u6346\u7ed1\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5c06\u201c\u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f9b\u5e94\u201d\u3002 \u4e25\u683c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8be5\u6761\u6b3e\u63aa\u8f9e\u7b3c\u7edf\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u786e\u5207\u89c4\u5b9a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u53f0\u516c\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u975e\u6267\u52e4\u671f\u95f4\u800c\u4e14\u89e6\u72af\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u5211\u4e8b\u7f6a\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u4eab\u6709\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u8c41\u514d\u6743\u3002\u51b5\u4e14\u6700\u521d\u6279\u51c6\u6765\u53f0\u7684\u7f8e\u519b\u63f4\u987e\u95ee\u56e2\u4eba\u6570\u4ec5\u4e0d\u8db3\u516b\u767e\uff0c\u800c\u5230\u4e861957\u5e74\u590f\u5929\uff0c\u7f8e\u519b\u4eba\u5458\u5df2\u589e\u81f3\u56db\u5343\uff0c\u5916\u52a0\u56db\u5343\u540d\u5bb6\u5c5e\u3002\u84dd\u94a6\u5766\u627f\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec[\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c]\u5728\u53f0\u670915\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5404\u81ea\u5728\u534e\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u5f7c\u6b64\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5c0f\u738b\u56fd\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u4e9b\u738b\u56fd\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5462\u201d\u3002 \u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\uff0c\u65f6\u8fc7\u5883\u8fc1\uff0c\u7f8e\u519b\u63f4\u534e\u987e\u95ee\u56e2\u6210\u7acb\u4f0a\u59cb\u7edd\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u516d\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u5149\u666f\u3002\u5728\u547d\u6848\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u7f8e\u519b\u5728\u53f0\u5211\u4e8b\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u95ee\u9898\u8fd8\u5728\u8c08\u5224\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002 \u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u5916\u4ea4\u8c41\u514d\u5e76\u975e\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e89\u53d6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f53\u5e741\u6708\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u6869\u7f8e\u519b\u6740\u4eba\u6848\uff08\u5409\u62c9\u5fb7\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff09\u6700\u7ec8\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u65e5\u672c\u6cd5\u5ead\u5ba1\u5224\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53f0\u6e7e\u65b9\u9762\u5bf9\u672c\u6848\u7684\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u529b\u4e89\u30023\u670821\u65e5\u5348\u524d\u5341\u4e00\u65f6\u8bb8\uff0c\u7701\u8b66\u52a1\u5904\u5916\u4e8b\u79d1\u957f\u5f20\u6c49\u5149\u5411\u7f8e\u519b\u5baa\u5175\u7ec4\u957f\u6c99\u9f99\u5c3c\uff08T. L. Salonick\uff09\u4e2d\u6821\u53e3\u5934\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u8bf7\u5baa\u5175\u6263\u62bc\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\uff0c\u88ab\u544a\u4ee5\u987b\u8bf7\u793a\u7f8e\u519b\u987e\u95ee\u56e2\u56e2\u957f\u9c8d\u6c76\uff08Frank S. Bowen, Jr\uff09\u5c11\u5c06\u540e\u518d\u884c\u51b3\u5b9a\u30023\u670822\u65e5\uff0c\u201c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u201d\u7f8e\u6d32\u53f8\u53f8\u957f\u8bb8\u7ecd\u660c\u6b63\u5f0f\u5411\u7f8e\u4f7f\u9986\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u5458\u8868\u793a\u5e94\u7531\u7f8e\u519b\u8c03\u67e5\u5ba1\u7406\u30023\u670826\u65e5\uff0c\u5f20\u6c49\u5149\u6b63\u5f0f\u4e66\u9762\u8981\u6c42\u7f8e\u519b\u5baa\u5175\u7acb\u5373\u6263\u62bc\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\uff0c\u201c\u9759\u5019\u519b\u4e8b\u6cd5\u5ead\u5728\u53f0\u5ba1\u8baf\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u65e5\uff0c\u201c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u201d\u4ee3\u7406\u90e8\u52a1\u6b21\u957f\u6c88\u660c\u7115\u7ea6\u89c1\u201c\u5927\u4f7f\u201d\u84dd\u94a6\u5230\u90e8\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u8981\u6c42\u7f8e\u987e\u95ee\u56e2\u5e94\u4ee5\u201c\u519b\u6cd5\u5ba1\u5224\u201d\u300228\u65e5\uff0c\u8bb8\u7ecd\u660c\u518d\u6b21\u7ea6\u7f8e\u4f7f\u9986\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u5458\u5230\u90e8\uff0c\u590d\u8981\u6c42\u7f8e\u519b\u65b9\u5bf9\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u5148\u884c\u6263\u62bc\uff0c\u53c8\u88ab\u5bf9\u65b9\u4ee5\u8bc1\u636e\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e3a\u7531\u5a49\u62d2\u30024\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u65b9\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7ed3\u8bba\u5e76\u8bc1\u636e\u6b63\u5f0f\u79fb\u4ea4\u7f8e\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u7f8e\u519b\u63f4\u987e\u95ee\u56e2\u957f\u9c8d\u6c76\u5c11\u5c06\u5374\u8ba4\u4e3a\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u5c5e\u6b63\u5f53\u9632\u536b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u53f0\u5317\u7f8e\u519b\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u30024\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u65b9\u8c03\u67e5\u8005\u5bcc\u65af\u7279\uff08James Fewster\uff09\u4e2d\u6821\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u4e0d\u4e88\u8d77\u8bc9\uff0c\u201c\u4ee5\u514d\u53d7\u5230\u672c\u5730\u5c45\u6c11\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u628a\u8ba8\u8bba\u51cf\u5c11\u5230\u6700\u4f4e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u201d\u3002 \u9c8d\u6c76\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u62a5\u544a\u63d0\u4ea4\u7f8e\u519b\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u603b\u53f8\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0a\u7ea7\u7684\u540c\u610f\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u5728\u8d8a\u5357\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u670d\u5f79\u7684\u5eb7\u8fea\u7279\uff08Ross R. Condit\uff09\u4e2d\u6821\u5949\u547d\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u5eb7\u8fea\u7279\u50cf\u68c0\u5bdf\u5b98\u4e00\u6837\u4eb2\u81ea\u8be2\u95ee\u4e86\u5404\u4e3b\u8981\u8bc1\u4eba\u30025\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u81ea\u613f\u6d4b\u8c0e\u5e76\u83b7\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u4f46\u5eb7\u8fea\u7279\u8fd8\u662f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u5f00\u7b2c\u4e00\u67aa\u662f\u6b63\u5f53\u9632\u536b\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fb\u4e2d\u5bf9\u624b\u8981\u5bb3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u67aa\u662f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5efa\u8bae\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u6740\u4eba\u7f6a\uff08Voluntary manslaughter\uff09\u88ab\u63d0\u8d77\u516c\u8bc9\u3002\u5eb7\u8fea\u7279\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7f8e\u519b\u63f4\u987e\u95ee\u56e2\u519b\u6cd5\u5b98\u7d22\u666e\uff08George M. Thorpe\uff09\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u660e\u786e\u53cd\u5bf9\u514d\u8bc9\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u201c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5ba2\u89c2\u60c5\u5f62\u53ca\u534e\u7f8e\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\uff0c\u9c8d\u6c76\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u6210\u7acb\u519b\u4e8b\u6cd5\u5ead\u3002 5\u670814\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u65b9\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u6740\u4eba\u7f6a\u8d77\u8bc9\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\uff0c\u56e0\u88ab\u544a\u8fa9\u62a4\u5f8b\u5e08\u65af\u8fea\u5c14\uff08Charles Steele\uff09\u4e0a\u5c09\u8981\u6c42\u5145\u5206\u51c6\u5907\u8d77\u89c1\uff0c\u5f00\u5ead\u65e5\u671f\u75315\u670815\u65e5\u63a8\u81f320\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2022%2F0127%2F05a3eb77j00r6cbyx001yc000k000f0m.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u65e0\u77e5\u65e0\u754f\u548c\u76f2\u76ee\u81ea\u4fe1\u662f\u672c\u6848\u5904\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5f53\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u9ad8\u5c42\u53ea\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u5e76\u672a\u63a2\u7a76\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u4e3a\u4f55\u88ab\u6740\uff0c\u53ea\u6c42\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u83b7\u7f6a\u7ed3\u6848\uff0c\u7adf\u7136\u8981\u6c42\u7f8e\u519b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6cd5\u5ead\u5728\u53f0\u5317\u5ba1\u7406\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u63d0\u9632\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u628a\u4ed6\u8fd0\u8d70\u5305\u5e87\u4e86\u4e8b\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u60f3\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u7adf\u7136\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5224\u51b3\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u65e0\u7f6a\u3002\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5728\u53f0\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7f8e\u519b\u4e8b\u6cd5\u5ead\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u6700\u65e9\u89c1\u4e8e3\u670826\u65e5\u3002\u540e\u6765\u56fd\u9632\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u5404\u90e8\u95e8\u9996\u957f\u8fed\u6b21\u8868\u793a\u5e94\u5728\u53f0\u5317\u7531\u7f8e\u519b\u516c\u5f00\u5ba1\u7406\u3002\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u4e8b\u540e\u751f\u6c14\u5730\u62b1\u6028\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u6beb\u4e0d\u77e5\u60c5\uff0c\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u4e3e\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u60f3\u8d77\u6cbb\u5916\u6cd5\u6743\u201d\u3002 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F. Ellis\uff09\u4e0a\u6821\u591a\u6b21\u6d41\u9732\u751a\u81f3\u660e\u767d\u8868\u8fbe\u5bf9\u88ab\u544a\u7684\u8892\u62a4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u4e0d\u9002\u5b9c\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u63d0\u9192\u966a\u5ba1\u5458\u987b\u8981\u8d28\u7591\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u5728\u6cd5\u5ead\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u56e0\u6d89\u5acc\u800c\u88ab\u5ba1\u8baf\u65f6\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\u662f\u5426\u51fa\u4e8e\u81ea\u613f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u6487\u6e05\u4e86\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u524d\u540e\u9648\u8ff0\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u4ed6\u867d\u7136\u58f0\u79f0\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ec5\u662f\u5b89\u6392\u6cd5\u5ead\u9648\u8ff0\u7684\u5148\u540e\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u6b66\u65ad\u5730\u5426\u8ba4\u4e86\u59da\u674e\u59b9\u7684\u8bc1\u8bcd\uff0c\u8bf4\u5979\u7684\u8bc1\u8bcd\u201c\u4ec5\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u59da\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4fe1\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u800c\u975e\u65e8\u5728\u91cd\u5efa\u4e8b\u5b9e\u201d\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u519b\u4e8b\u6cd5\u5ead\u53ea\u91cd\u89c6\u7f8e\u56fd\u8bc1\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8bc1\u8a00\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u8bba\u59da\u674e\u59b9\u8fd8\u662f\u97e9\u7532\u9ece\u7684\u8bc1\u8bcd\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5bf9\u88ab\u544a\u4e0d\u5229\u90fd\u672a\u4e88\u91c7\u4fe1\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u90d1\u91cd\u6307\u793a\u966a\u5ba1\u5458\uff1a\u201c\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u5bf9\u88ab\u544a\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u536b\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u7684\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u8ba4\u5b9a\u88ab\u544a\u65e0\u7f6a\uff0c\u4efb\u610f\u6740\u4eba\u7f6a\u540d\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u201d\u3002\uff08[U]nless you are satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt that the accused did not in self-defense, you must find the accused not guilty of voluntary manslaughter.\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u4e3a\u539f\u6587\u6240\u6709\uff09\u8fd8\u8b66\u544a\u8bf4\u4f9d\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u6cd5\u5211\u7f5a\u751a\u91cd\uff0c\u8be5\u7f6a\u201c\u5f97\u79d1\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540d\u8a89\u9000\u5f79\uff0c\u6263\u7559\u5168\u90e8\u85aa\u52e4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5341\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0b\u82e6\u5f79\u5f92\u5211\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u88ab\u544a\u8fa9\u62a4\u5f8b\u5e08\u4f7f\u51fa\u6d51\u8eab\u89e3\u6570\u3002\u4ed6\u58f0\u60c5\u5e76\u8302\u5730\u5ba3\u8bfb\u4e86\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u5728\u671d\u9c9c\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\u671f\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u94dc\u661f\u5956\u7ae0\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u8868\u5f70\u5176\u57281950\u5e747\u67087\u65e5\u81f311\u67082\u65e5\u7684\u533b\u7597\u540e\u52e4\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u7684\u7279\u957f\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u519b\u7528\u533b\u7597\u54c1\u7684\u540e\u52e4\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4ed6\u6240\u5728\u7684\u5c0f\u7ec4\u8fd8\u56e0\u6551\u62a4\u4e86\u4e00\u4e07\u4e09\u5343\u540d\u75c5\u60a3\u3001\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e24\u5343\u573a\u624b\u672f\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u8fc7\u7f8e\u56fd\u9646\u519b\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u529f\u52cb\u5355\u4f4d\u8868\u5f70\uff0c\u8868\u5f70\u72b6\u4e0a\u6177\u6168\u6fc0\u6602\u5730\u79f0\u8d5e\u4ed6\u4eec\u201c\u670d\u52a1\u5353\u8d8a\uff0c\u6551\u6b7b\u6276\u4f24\u201d\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u5c0f\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u3001\u9646\u519b\u533b\u7597\u961f\u548c\u7f8e\u5229\u575a\u5408\u4f17\u56fd\u519b\u4eba\u7684\u7f8e\u5fb7\u201d\u3002\u540c\u6837\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u5148\u524d\u4e0a\u53f8\u5a01\u5c14\uff08Roy Weir, Jr.\uff09\u5c11\u6821\u57281950\u5e74\u521d\u5199\u7684\u4e00\u5c01\u63a8\u8350\u4fe1\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u201c\u968f\u65f6\u201d\u6b22\u8fce\u4ed6\u56de\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u624b\u4e0b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u66f4\u6709\u751a\u8005\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u5c01\u6765\u81ea\u5fb7\u514b\u8428\u65af\u5dde\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u9646\u519b\u533b\u7597\u4e4b\u5bb6\u201d\u7684\u5c71\u59c6\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u5821\u53f8\u4ee4\u5b98\u683c\u91cc\u82ac\uff08M. Griffin\uff09\u51c6\u5c06\u4e8e1954\u5e741\u6708\u5199\u7684\u8868\u626c\u4fe1\uff0c\u8868\u626c\u88ab\u544a\u4e8e\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u9646\u519b\u533b\u9662\u670d\u5f79\u671f\u95f4\u6539\u8fdb\u4e86\u533b\u7597\u6d88\u8017\u54c1\u586b\u5145\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002 \u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u65e0\u7591\u53ef\u4ee5\u535a\u53d6\u519b\u4eba\u966a\u5ba1\u5458\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6218\u4e89\u82f1\u96c4\u3001\u6548\u7387\u4e13\u5bb6\u6df1\u5207\u7684\u540c\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u516c\u8bc9\u4eba\u6cf0\u4fdd\u5fb7\uff08James S. Talbot\uff09\u4e0a\u5c09\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5e73\u6de1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u8d70\u8fc7\u573a\u4e4b\u5acc\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u66fe\u5229\u7528\u5c38\u68c0\u548c\u5f39\u9053\u62a5\u544a\u6765\u8bd8\u95ee\u67aa\u624b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u9002\u65f6\u6293\u4f4f\u4efb\u4f55\u88ab\u544a\u5728\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u76d8\u95ee\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u544a\u8bc9\u516c\u8bc9\u4eba\u201c\u4ed6\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u906d\u9047\u5218\u65f6\u5c31\u5f00\u67aa\u4e5d\u6b21\u201d\uff0c\u610f\u6307\u4ed6\u5373\u4f7f\u5f00\u4e86\u4e24\u67aa\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e3a\u8fc7\u3002 \u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u6070\u6070\u8868\u660e\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u72c2\u5984\u51b7\u8840\u548c\u8349\u83c5\u4eba\u547d\u3002\u516c\u8bc9\u4eba\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u5c31\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u54c1\u6027\u5f81\u8be2\u4ed6\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8bc1\u4eba\u97e9\u7532\u9ece\uff0c\u66f4\u6ca1\u6709\u50cf\u4ed6\u73b0\u573a\u7684\u5bf9\u624b\u65af\u8fea\u5c14\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u7684\u54c1\u683c\u8bc1\u4eba\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u7684\u8001\u5a46\u514b\u62c9\u62c9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e0a\u4f5c\u8bc1\u65f6\u7a81\u7136\u6655\u5012\uff0c\u800c\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5b40\u59bb\u5965\u7279\u534e\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u6cd5\u5ead\u95e8\u5916\u63a5\u53d7\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bb0\u8005\u7684\u91c7\u8bbf\uff0c\u4e0d\u66fe\u83b7\u8bb8\u8fdb\u5165\u6cd5\u5ead\u4f5c\u8bc1\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u6cd5\u5ead\u5145\u5206\u8425\u9020\u4e86\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u597d\u7537\u4eba\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\u4ed6\u662f\u4e09\u6761\u4eba\u547d\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u6b20\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u6ca1\u6709\u7559\u4e0b\u4e1d\u6beb\u5370\u8bb0\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u4e0d\u66fe\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6839\u7a3b\u8349\u8fd8\u662f\u7531\u6cd5\u5b98\u672c\u4eba\u6367\u4e0a\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u966a\u5ba1\u5458\u9000\u5e2d\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u53f8\u6cd5\u519b\u5b98\u827e\u5229\u65af\u4e0a\u6821\u5229\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u804c\u6743\u5bf9\u6295\u7968\u65bd\u52a0\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4ed6\u5f53\u5ead\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u603b\u7ed3\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u9274\u4e8e\u65e0\u7f6a\u63a8\u5b9a\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u8003\u8651\u672c\u6848\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u88ab\u544a\u54c1\u683c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u5e94\u53ef\u5145\u5206\u6784\u6210\u5bf9\u5176\u7f6a\u540d\u7684\u5408\u7406\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u65e0\u7f6a\u91ca\u653e\u201d\uff08thereby warranting acquittal\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u519b\u7684\u5584\u540e\u4e5f\u6b8a\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5f53\uff0c\u4e0d\u65e0\u9738\u9053\u30025\u670823\u65e5\uff0c\u516b\u4eba\u966a\u5ba1\u6295\u7968\u6700\u7ec8\u5ba3\u5e03\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u65e0\u7f6a\uff0c\u7f8e\u519b\u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u5ead\u8d77\u7acb\u9f13\u638c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u6b64\u540e\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u67aa\u6740\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e29\u5c81\u7684\u5965\u7279\u534e\u4ee3\u8868\u5979\u672c\u4eba\u548c16\u4e2a\u6708\u5927\u5973\u5a74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u547d\u635f\u5931\u3001\u4e27\u846c\u3001\u629a\u517b\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u8d39\u7528\u5728\u5185\u5171\u8ba1638,800\u5143\u65b0\u53f0\u5e01\uff08\u7ea6\u503c19,789\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u7684\u8865\u507f\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4f7f\u9986\u65b9\u9762\u672c\u6253\u7b97\u4f9d\u7167\u9a7b\u5916\u7f8e\u519b\u8087\u4e8b\u60ef\u4f8b\u800c\u6709\u6240\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4f46\u7f8e\u519b\u63f4\u987e\u95ee\u56e2\u957f\u9c8d\u6c76\u5c11\u5c06\u7c97\u66b4\u5730\u4e88\u4ee5\u5426\u51b3\uff0c\u53ea\u8bf4\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u9884\u7b97\u3002\u6709\u7406\u7531\u76f8\u4fe1\u540e\u6765\u7f8e\u4f7f\u9986\u6240\u79f0\u5ba3\u5224\u540e\u7fcc\u65e5\u5373\u5c06\u5546\u8bae\u8d54\u507f\u5176\u4e8b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6587\u4ef6\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u9c8d\u6c76\u8c05\u89e3\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u6258\u8f9e\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u66f4\u8ba9\u4eba\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u662f\uff0c24\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u4e00\u5bb6\u4e09\u53e3\u5c31\u6536\u62fe\u505c\u5f53\u800c\u4e58\u5750\u7f8e\u519b\u73ed\u673a\u79bb\u5f00\u53f0\u6e7e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u4e3a\u672c\u8eab\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u53f0\u5317\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u66b4\u529b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u5f53\u4e24\u5929\u540e\uff0c\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u8f7b\u8f7b\u677e\u677e\u62b5\u8fbe\u52a0\u5dde\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u5916\u7684\u66f2\u7ef4\u65af\u7a7a\u519b\u57fa\u5730\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u521a\u4e0b\u98de\u673a\u5c31\u5411\u4e00\u7fa4\u7b49\u5019\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u8bb0\u8005\u5ba3\u5e03\u81ea\u5df1\u6b63\u5904\u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u5929\u7684\u5e26\u85aa\u4f11\u5047\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5047\u671f\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u5c31\u4f1a\u53bb\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5dde\u7684\u73ed\u5b81\u5821\u62a5\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u8fd8\u4f1a\u518d\u6b21\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u519b\u63f4\u987e\u95ee\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u6d3e\u8d74\u8d8a\u5357\u3002<\/p>\n<section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section>3<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p><strong>\u4e94\u4e8c\u56db\u4e8b\u4ef6\u59cb\u672b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f7f\u9986\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u4e2d\u6b63\u8def\uff08\u4eca\u5fe0\u5b5d\u897f\u8def\u4e8c\u6bb5\uff09\u4e0e\u4e2d\u534e\u8def\u4ea4\u53c9\u53e3\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u6bd7\u90bb\u4e2d\u592e\u5e02\u573a\uff08\u4eca\u897f\u5b81\u5e02\u573a\uff09\u53ca\u516c\u4ea4\u8d77\u8bab\u7ad9\uff0c\u5c5e\u7e41\u534e\u5730\u6bb5\u30025\u670824\u65e5\u6668\u5341\u65f6\u8bb8\uff0c\u5218\u59bb\u5965\u7279\u534e\u5728\u8868\u5144\u51af\u5141\u751f\u7684\u966a\u540c\u4e0b\uff0c\u624b\u6301\u786c\u7eb8\u724c\uff0c\u767d\u5e95\u9ed1\u5b57\u5199\u6709\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u201c\u6740\u4eba\u8005\u65e0\u7f6a\uff1f\u6211\u63a7\u8bc9\uff0c\u6211\u6297\u8bae\uff01\u201d\u5b57\u6837\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728\u4f7f\u9986\u95e8\u524d\u3002\u884c\u4eba\u4e0d\u65ad\u9a7b\u8db3\u56f4\u89c2\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u4e2d\u5916\u8bb0\u8005\u5230\u573a\u91c7\u8bbf\u300210\u65f620\u5206\uff0c\u73b0\u573a\u6c11\u4f17\u5df2\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8c\u767e\u4eba\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c40\u7763\u5bdf\u957f\u5ba3\u5584\u5c7f\u5e26\u9886\u8b66\u545822\u4eba\u524d\u6765\u529d\u963b\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u62d2\u7edd\u3002\u5ba3\u5584\u5c7f\u5f53\u5373\u56de\u5c40\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5e26\u540c\u5c40\u957f\u5218\u56fd\u5baa\u53ca\u53e6\u591635\u540d\u8b66\u5458\u5230\u573a\u7ef4\u6301\u79e9\u5e8f\u300210\u65f640\u5206\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u7701\u8b66\u52a1\u5904\u5916\u4e8b\u79d1\u957f\u5f20\u6c49\u5149\u4ea6\u5230\u573a\u5a49\u529d\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u8bae\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f7f\u9986\u804c\u5458\u963f\u514b\u66fc\uff08Karl 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\/><\/p>\n<p>\u5218\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u9057\u5b40\u5965\u5fb7\u534e\uff08\u53c8\u79f0\u5965\u7279\u534e\uff09\u8eab\u7740\u9ed1\u8863\uff0c\u624b\u6301\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u53cc\u8bed\u6297\u8bae\u724c\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u53f0\u201c\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u201d\u524d\u63a7\u8bc9\u7f8e\u519b\u4e0a\u58eb\u96f7\u8bfa\u67aa\u6740\u5176\u4e08\u592b\u5374\u83b7\u65e0\u7f6a\u5224\u51b3\u7684\u51a4\u6848<\/p>\n<p>\u5348\u540e\u4e00\u65f6\u534a\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u643a\u59bb\u5973\u98de\u79bb\u53f0\u5317\u3002\u636e\u53f0\u6e7e\u7701\u8b66\u52a1\u5904\u5916\u4e8b\u519b\u5b98\u961f\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u6709\u4eba\u9ad8\u547c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u201c\u5728\u7fa4\u4f17\u51b2\u5165\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u4e4b\u524d\u201d\u3002 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src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2022%2F0127%2Fac504afbj00r6cbyx0024c000m800eam.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>11\u540d\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u4f4d\u5973\u6027\uff09\u9047\u88ad\u53d7\u8f7b\u4f24\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4f7f\u9986\u65b0\u95fb\u4e13\u5458\u6ce2\u65af\uff08Alexander C. Boase\uff09\u5934\u90e8\u88c2\u4f24\u3001\u808b\u9aa8\u6298\u65ad\u4e00\u6839\uff0c\u4e00\u7b49\u79d8\u4e66\u859b\u83b1\uff08Howard Chaille\uff09\u5934\u90e8\u3001\u624b\u81c2\u88c2\u4f24\uff0c\u53c2\u4e8b\u6885\u53f6\uff08Paul Meyer\uff09\u548c\u8b66\u536b\u8428\u767b\uff08William Sutton\uff09\u5934\u90e8\u88c2\u4f24\u300211\u540d\u53f0\u5317\u5e73\u6c11\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u56db\u4f4d\u5916\u7701\u4eba\uff09\u5728\u51b2\u51fb\u4e2d\u53d7\u5230\u4f24\u5bb3\uff0c\u56db\u4eba\uff08\u4e09\u4f4d\u672c\u7701\uff09\u91cd\u4f24\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7956\u7c4d\u798f\u5efa\u768440\u5c81\u7701\u6c14\u8c61\u5c40\u5de5\u4eba\u5434\u9ea6\u6d9b\u56e0\u5934\u90e8\u4e2d\u5f39\u4e8e\u5f53\u665a\u516b\u65f6\u4e8c\u5341\u5206\u4e0d\u6cbb\u8eab\u4ea1\u300262\u540d\u8b66\u5458\u53d7\u4f24\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5362\u690d\u80a9\u90e8\u3001\u817f\u90e8\u5404\u4e2d\u4e00\u67aa\uff0c\u8d1f\u91cd\u4f24\u3002111\u4eba\u62db\u81f4\u902e\u6355\u3002\u968f\u540e41\u540d\u793e\u4f1a\u5e95\u5c42\u4eba\u58eb\uff08\u5305\u62ec35\u4f4d\u5916\u7701\u4eba\uff09\u88ab\u63d0\u8d77\u516c\u8bc9\uff0c\u5e74\u9f8416-43\u5c81\u4e0d\u7b49\u3002\u5b66\u751f\u88ab\u6355\u8005\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u83b7\u91ca\uff0c\u552f\u5fd7\u6210\u8865\u4e60\u73ed\u5b66\u751f\u5f20\u5b8f\u4e00\u540d\u88ab\u8d77\u8bc9\uff0c\u5e74\u4ec516\u5c81\uff0c\u7f6a\u884c\u662f\u711a\u6bc1\u8b66\u7528\u6469\u6258\u8f66\u3002\u53d7\u4f24\u6c11\u4f17\u5f53\u591c\u9001\u8fbe\u53f0\u5927\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u9664\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u529e\u7406\u4f4f\u9662\u624b\u7eed\u5916\uff0c\u90fd\u6ede\u7559\u5728\u6025\u8bca\u5ba4\u5185\uff0c\u65e0\u4eba\u95ee\u6d25\uff1b\u540e\u7ecf\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ec4\uff08\u7b80\u79f0\u4e2d\u4e94\u7ec4\uff09\u534f\u8c03\uff0c\u7531\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u627f\u62c5\u533b\u7597\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u91cd\u4f24\u60a3\u8005\u8058\u8bf7\u7279\u522b\u62a4\u7406\uff0c\u4f24\u6108\u51fa\u9662\u65f6\u6bcf\u4eba\u8fd8\u53d1\u7ed9\u65b0\u53f0\u5e01\u56db\u767e\u5143\u3002\u5434\u9ea6\u6d9b\u9057\u5c5e\u83b7\u8d60\u629a\u6064\u91d1\u4e24\u4e07\u5143\uff0c\u4ea6\u7531\u5e02\u653f\u652f\u51fa\uff0c\u5b50\u5973\u6559\u80b2\u8d39\u7528\u7531\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u7701\u6c14\u8c61\u5c40\u5171\u540c\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8b\u6545\u53d1\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u534e\u76db\u987f\u51fa\u9762\u6539\u5584\u56fd\u9645\u89c2\u611f\u30025\u670829\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u675c\u52d2\u65af\uff08John F. Dulles\uff09\u62db\u5f85\u8bb0\u8005\u516c\u5f00\u8868\u793a\u53f0\u5317\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0d\u81f3\u5f15\u8d77\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u8fdc\u4e1c\u57fa\u672c\u653f\u7b56\u53ca\u7f8e\u53f0\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u201c\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6781\u529b\u6de1\u5316\u5176\u5bf9\u51b7\u6218\u5927\u5f62\u52bf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4ed6\u5426\u8ba4\u4e8b\u6545\u53d1\u751f\u5730\u70b9\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u51e0\u4e4e\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u5f80\u66fe\u7ecf\u53d7\u8fc7\u6cbb\u5916\u6cd5\u6743\u7ea6\u675f\u3001\u4f7f\u5176\u618e\u6068\u4e14\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u611f\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u751f\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4e3e\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u8db3\u60ca\u5947\u2026\u2026\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u610f\u5916\u4e8b\u4ef6\u800c\u5df2\u201d\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5426\u8ba4\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u3002\u675c\u52d2\u65af\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u4e2d\u56fd\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u201c\u4e94\u516d\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u6709\u8fc7\u4e49\u548c\u56e2\u4e4b\u4e71\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6b64\u4e8b\u7279\u6b8a\u65b0\u5947\u201d\u3002\u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u89c2\u70b9\u4e8e6\u67085\u65e5\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u603b\u7edf\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u8d5e\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53f0\u6e7e\u5f53\u5c40\u81ea\u7136\u5c3d\u529b\u51cf\u5c11\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u5404\u62a5\u7ae0\u590d\u53c8\u56de\u5f52\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e3b\u65cb\u5f8b\uff0c\u4f46\u8bba\u8c03\u5bf9\u7f8e\u4ea6\u4e0d\u65e0\u6028\u8a00\u3002\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u9a7b\u7f8e\u201c\u5927\u4f7f\u201d\u8463\u663e\u5149\u501f\u5404\u79cd\u673a\u4f1a\u5f25\u8865\u7f8e\u53f0\u4e4b\u95f4\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\u7684\u88c2\u75d5\u30025\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u62dc\u8bbf\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u4e1c\u4e9a\u4e8b\u52a1\u52a9\u7406\u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u9976\u4f2f\u68ee\uff08Walter S. Robertson\uff09\u8868\u793a\u9053\u6b49\u300231\u65e5\uff0c\u8463\u53c8\u501f\u51fa\u5e2d\u9a6c\u91cc\u5170\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6587\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\u5706\u684c\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5927\u52a0\u5ba3\u626c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u5fcd\u8010\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u518d\u5ea6\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7f8e\u53f0\u95f4\u5408\u4f5c\u3002 \u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u5148\u4e8e5\u670826\u65e5\u63a5\u89c1\u84dd\u94a6\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u9053\u6b49\uff0c\u53c8\u4e8e6\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u4eb2\u81ea\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u544a\u540c\u80de\u4e66\u300b\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u65e5\u6b63\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\u4e0e\u53cd\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\u4e92\u76f8\u5bf9\u5cd9\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5c40\u52bf\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5728\u2018\u6c49\u8d3c\u4e0d\u4e24\u7acb\u2019\u7684\u53cd\u5171\u6597\u4e89\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u660e\u662f\u975e\uff0c\u8fa8\u654c\u53cb\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5ba3\u626c\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u5fe0\u6055\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u7531\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u8c05\u89e3\u670b\u53cb\u201d\uff0c\u505a\u5230\u201c\u5c3d\u5176\u5728\u6211\u201d\u201c\u63a8\u5df1\u53ca\u4eba\u201d\u3002 \u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u9a6c\u5c3c\u62c9\u6709\u534e\u4fa8\u9910\u9986\u8001\u677f\u5f00\u7740\u5409\u666e\u8f66\u6cbf\u8857\u8d60\u9001\u7231\u56fd\u6247\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e66\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6c42\u4e3b\u6743\u72ec\u7acb\u3001\u91cd\u5ba1\u96f7\u8bfa\u5179\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u9a7b\u83f2\u4f7f\u9986\u7d27\u6025\u53eb\u505c\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4ec5\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u501f\u6b64\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u65b0\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5ba3\u4f20\u3002<\/p>\n<section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section>4<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\">\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p><strong>\u51b7\u6218\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u51b7\u6218\u633d\u6551\u4e86\u5728\u53f0\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u30021954-1956\u5e74\uff0c\u4e1c\u4e9a\u5c40\u52bf\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u56e0\u4e3a\u671d\u9c9c\u534a\u5c9b\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u652f\u90a3\u505c\u6218\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7b7e\u8ba2\u800c\u7a0d\u6709\u7f13\u548c\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u8fce\u6765\u4e86\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u65b0\u9ad8\u6f6e\u30021954\u5e749\u67083\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u519b\u961f\u5bf9\u53a6\u95e8\u79bb\u5c9b\u91d1\u95e8\u4e0a\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5b88\u519b\u53d1\u52a8\u70ae\u88ad\uff0c\u62c9\u5f00\u201c\u4e5d\u4e09\u70ae\u6218\u201d\u7684\u5e8f\u5e55\u3002\u70ae\u51fb\u7684\u540e\u679c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u50ac\u751f\u4e861954\u5e74\u5e95\u7684\u7f8e\u53f0\u5171\u540c\u9632\u5fa1\u6761\u7ea6\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7531\u6b64\u534f\u9632\u53f0\u6f8e\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u968f\u4e4b\u6539\u53d8\u30021955\u5e74\u53f0\u6e7e\u7279\u5de5\u4eba\u5458\u5c31\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u6311\u8845\u6027\u7684\u514b\u4ec0\u7c73\u5c14\u516c\u4e3b\u53f7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u53f0\u6e7e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u653f\u6743\u5e76\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002\u534e\u76db\u987f\u81ea1943\u5e74\u53f2\u8fea\u5a01\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0d\u6ee1\u4e8e\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\uff0c\u4f01\u56fe\u91cd\u65b0\u5bfb\u627e\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\uff1b\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u603b\u662f\u8c8c\u5408\u795e\u79bb\u3002 \u7f8e\u53f0\u5171\u540c\u9632\u5fa1\u6761\u7ea6\u9644\u5e26\u6709\u79d8\u5bc6\u6362\u6587\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u201c\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u628a\u6211\u4eec[\u7f8e\u56fd]\u5377\u5165\u4e0e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u53bb\u201d\u3002 \u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u540c\u76df\u6761\u7ea6\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u76df\u53cb\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u662f\u9650\u5236\u76df\u53cb\u3002\u534e\u76db\u987f\u6108\u662f\u9650\u5236\u53f0\u5317\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u5c31\u6b32\u60f3\u53cd\u653b\u5927\u9646\uff0c\u7f8e\u53f0\u4e4b\u95f4\u77db\u76fe\u4e5f\u5c31\u8d8a\u5c16\u9510\u3002\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u8feb\u5207\u6e34\u671b\u5229\u7528\u4f1e\u5175\u90e8\u961f\u201c\u6216\u6e17\u900f\uff0c\u6216\u653f\u6cbb\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u950b\u201d\u5947\u88ad\u5927\u9646\u6cbf\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u201c\u5bc4\u5e0c\u671b\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u66ff\u4ed6\u627f\u62c5\u53f0\u6e7e\u672c\u5c9b\u7684\u9632\u52a1\u201d\u3002 \u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u7684\u80de\u5f1f\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u60c5\u62a5\u5c40\u5c40\u957f\u827e\u4f26\u00b7\u675c\u52d2\u65af\uff08Allen Dulles\uff09\u628a\u848b\u653f\u6743\u4e0e\u6d77\u5730\u83f2\u5c3c\u5965\u52d2\uff08Daniel Fignol\u00e9\uff09\u653f\u5e9c\u76f8\u63d0\u5e76\u8bba\u3002 \u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e94\u4e8c\u56db\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u53f0\u4f7f\u9986\u4fdd\u9669\u67dc\u4e2d\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u673a\u5bc6\u6587\u4ef6\u7adf\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7d27\u6025\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u758f\u6563\u8ba1\u5212\u3002 \u66fe\u62c5\u4efb\u8fc7\u9a7b\u53f0\u5317\u526f\u9886\u4e8b\u7684\u845b\u8d85\u667a\uff08George H. Kerr\uff09\u68c0\u8ba8\u7f8e\u53f0\u653f\u7b56\u65f6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec[\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba]\u8fc7\u4e8e\u81ea\u8d1f\uff0c\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e3a\u662f\u5730\u8ba4\u4e3a\u848b\u662f\u4e2a\u5fc3\u7518\u60c5\u613f\u7684\u5080\u5121\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u6761\u6d45\u6c34\u4e4b\u9f99\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81f3\u5c11\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5584\u610f\u548c\u519b\u63f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u5371\u673a\u6765\u4e34\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4ed6\u4f1a\u7b54\u5e94\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u8981\u6c42\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u6c11\u4f17\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u5149\u660e\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u201c\u5f03\u513f\u60c5\u7ed3\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u6cbb\u5916\u6cd5\u6743\u548c\u201c\u65b0\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u666e\u904d\u6000\u6709\u4ec7\u6068\u3002\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u65e0\u7591\u4eab\u53d7\u7740\u8f83\u4e00\u822c\u57ce\u5e02\u5c45\u6c11\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5f85\u9047\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u7279\u6743\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u79cd\u65cf\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u201c\u5927\u4f7f\u201d\u84dd\u94a6\u751a\u81f3\u5efa\u8bae\u8bf4\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u5730\u8058\u7528\u2018\u672c\u5730\u2019\uff08\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u60a6\u7684\u5b57\u773c\uff01\uff09\u804c\u5458\u201d\u3002 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