\u6765\u6e90: \u5357\u65b9\u4eba\u7269\u5468\u520a<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u76db\u5ba3\u6000<\/p>\n
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1870\u5e74\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u51fa\u4efb\u76f4\u96b6\u603b\u7763\uff0c\u5165\u5e55\u4e0d\u4e45\u7684\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u8d70\u4e0a\u665a\u6e05\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u821e\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n 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1875\u5e74\u56e0\u906d\u738b\u5148\u8c26\u5f39\u52be\uff0c\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u79bb\u5f00\u62db\u5546\u5c40\uff0c\u5949\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u4e4b\u547d\u524d\u5f80\u6e56\u5317\u7763\u529e\u7164\u94c1\u77ff\u52d8\u63a2\u3002\u52301880\u5e74\uff0c\u9887\u6709\u5386\u7ec3\u7684\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u5f88\u987a\u5229\u5730\u521b\u529e\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u5bb6\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6d0b\u52a1\u4f01\u4e1a\u2014\u2014\u4e2d\u56fd\u7535\u62a5\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n \u8f97\u8f6c\u6570\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5982\u613f\u6210\u4e3a\u8f6e\u8239\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u7684\u7763\u529e\u3002\u5728\u5199\u7ed9\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u7684\u4fe1\u91cc\uff0c\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u53ee\u5631\u4ed6\u52a1\u5fc5\u632f\u594b\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u628a\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u505a\u6210\u201c\u94c1\u677f\u6a21\u6837\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u4f7f\u6765\u8005\u786e\u4e0d\u53ef\u79fb\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8f9c\u8d1f\u81ea\u5df1\u4e00\u7247\u201c\u7ef4\u6301\u65a1\u65cb\u4e4b\u82e6\u5fc3\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n 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1896\u5e74\u662f\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u4e2a\u4eba\u5927\u53d1\u8ff9\u7684\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u548c\u65b0\u4efb\u76f4\u96b6\u603b\u7763\u738b\u6587\u97f6\u7684\u8054\u5408\u4fdd\u4e3e\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u6e05\u5ef7\u4efb\u547d\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u603b\u516c\u53f8\u603b\u7763\u529e\uff0c\u52a0\u6388\u592a\u5e38\u5bfa\u5c11\u537f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u88ab\u6388\u4e88\u4e13\u6298\u594f\u4e8b\u7684\u7279\u6743\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u548c\u7687\u5e1d\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n 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1896\u81f31909\u7684\u5341\u4f59\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u5411\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u95e8\u6b63\u5f0f\u6295\u8d4470\u4e07\u4e24\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4ed6\u5404\u79cd\u4e34\u65f6\u6027\u7684\u62e8\u6b3e\u8d44\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u5728\u5927\u5fb7\u69a8\u6cb9\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u6c5f\u82cf\u94c1\u8def\u3001\u6d59\u6c5f\u94c1\u8def\u3001\u7ca4\u6c49\u94c1\u8def\u90fd\u6709\u6295\u8d44\u5165\u80a1\u3002\u622a\u81f31909\u5e74\uff0c\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u7684\u5c40\u5916\u6295\u8d44\u9ad8\u8fbe182\u4e07\u591a\u4e24\u3002<\/p>\n 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1930\u5e747\u670824\u65e5\u4e0a\u53488\u70b950\u5206\uff0c\u5728\u5916\u6ee9\u9760\u8fd1\u798f\u5dde\u8def\u7684\u8f6e\u8239\u62db\u5546\u603b\u5c40\u95e8\u53e3\uff0c\u4e00\u8f86\u201c\u7eb3\u559c\u724c\u201d\u8f7f\u8f66\u7f13\u7f13\u5730\u9760\u8fd1\u3001\u505c\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n 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1933\u5e74\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u62c5\u4efb\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u5185\u90e8\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u674e\u5b64\u5e06\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u4e09\u5927\u6848\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u62ab\u9732\u4ed6\u6240\u67e5\u83b7\u7684\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u6c49\u53e3\u5206\u5c40\u65bd\u6c0f\u7236\u5b50\u821e\u5f0a\u6848\u4ef6\u3001\u5929\u6d25\u5206\u5c40\u9ea6\u6c0f\u7236\u5b50\u821e\u5f0a\u6848\u3001\u79ef\u4f59\u516c\u53f8\u674e\u56fd\u6770\u821e\u5f0a\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n \u674e\u5b64\u5e06\u8bf4\u516c\u5f00\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u4f17\u201c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d2a\u6c61\u4eba\u5458\u4e0d\u59a5\u534f\u4e4b\u7cbe\u795e\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e0c\u671b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u67e5\u8d26\u65b9\u6cd5\u201c\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u67e5\u5904\u8d2a\u6c61\u6848\u4ef6\u65f6\u53c2\u8003\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n 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2017\u5e74\u521d\u51ac\uff0c\u672c\u520a\u8bb0\u8005\u4ece\u5916\u6ee99\u53f7\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u81f3\u5e7f\u4e1c\u8def\u53e3\u53f3\u62d0\uff0c\u7ea6\u5341\u5206\u949f\u7684\u8def\u7a0b\u8d70\u5230\u4f4d\u4e8e\u56db\u5ddd\u4e2d\u8def33\u53f7\u7684\u201c\u521b\u4e1a\u5927\u697c\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u680b\u5916\u5899\u5448\u8910\u8272\u7684\u65e7\u5f0f\u94a2\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u5927\u697c\uff0c\u5e95\u697c\u4e3a\u4e00\u5bb6\u8001\u4e0a\u6d77\u98ce\u60c5\u7684\u9910\u5385\u6240\u5360\u636e\u3002\u5750\u7740\u72ed\u5c0f\u7684\u8001\u5f0f\u7535\u68af\u6765\u52303\u697c\uff1a\u4e00\u95f4\u95f4\u9887\u4e3a\u5bbd\u655e\u7684\u529e\u516c\u7528\u623f\u6392\u5217\u5728\u8d70\u9053\u4e24\u4fa7\uff0c\u5730\u9762\u4e0a\u9576\u5d4c\u7740\u516d\u89d2\u5f62\u7684\u767d\u8272\u5c0f\u5730\u7816\u3002<\/p>\n 1931\u5e74\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u6ee9\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5927\u738b\u201d\u5218\u9e3f\u751f\u5728\u8fd9\u5757\u752816\u4e07\u94f6\u5b50\u4e70\u4e0b\u7684\u5730\u76ae\u4e0a\uff0c\u53e6\u8017\u8d4486\u4e07\u4e24\u5efa\u6210\u8fd9\u680b8\u5c42\u7684\u529e\u516c\u6d0b\u697c\uff0c\u4ed6\u59d4\u6258\u4e0a\u6d77\u6709\u540d\u7684\u54c8\u6c99\u5fb7\u6d0b\u884c\u505a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u5efa\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u65d7\u4e0b\u4e3b\u8981\u4f01\u4e1a\u805a\u62e2\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4ece\u7164\u70ad\u3001\u706b\u67f4\u3001\u7eba\u7ec7\u3001\u7801\u5934\u5230\u65b0\u529e\u7684\u94f6\u884c\u3001\u4fdd\u9669\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u9887\u5177\u96cf\u5f62\u7684\u6258\u62c9\u65af\u2014\u2014\u201c\u5218\u9e3f\u8bb0\u5e10\u623f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n \u5218\u9e3f\u751f<\/p>\n 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\u4e00\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u5f3a\u56fd\u5fd9\u7740\u4ea4\u6218\u65e0\u6687\u4e1c\u987e\uff0c\u800c\u6218\u4e89\u53c8\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u98df\u54c1\u548c\u539f\u6599\u7684\u9700\u8981\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8fd9\u7ed9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u65cf\u5de5\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u8f7d\u96be\u9022\u7684\u9ec4\u91d1\u65f6\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n 1920\u5e74\uff0c\u5218\u9e3f\u751f\u5728\u82cf\u5dde\u521b\u529e\u9e3f\u751f\u706b\u67f4\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u8058\u7528\u5916\u56fd\u6280\u5e08\u548c\u7559\u7f8e\u5316\u5b66\u535a\u571f\u751f\u4ea7\u201c\u6d0b\u706b\u67f4\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u540e\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u65ad\u628a\u89e6\u89d2\u4f38\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u884c\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u53c8\u9646\u7eed\u521b\u529e\u6c34\u6ce5\u3001\u7801\u5934\u3001\u8d27\u6808\u3001\u7eba\u7ec7\u3001\u642a\u74f7\u7b49\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u540d\u526f\u5176\u5b9e\u7684\u201c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5927\u738b\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n 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1932\u5e74\u79cb\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u5b9e\u73b0\u56fd\u8425\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u6025\u9700\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u901a\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ecf\u8425\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u6574\u987f\u5e76\u91cd\u632f\u8fd9\u5bb6\u8001\u724c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u96c4\u98ce\u3002\u8eab\u8d1f\u201c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5927\u738b\u201d\u4e4b\u540d\u3001\u5728\u5de5\u5546\u754c\u58f0\u671b\u9887\u9ad8\u7684\u5218\u9e3f\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u773c\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u9009\u3002<\/p>\n 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1978\u5e746\u6708\uff0c61\u5c81\u7684\u8881\u5e9a\u8e0f\u8fdb\u4e86\u9999\u6e2f\u5e72\u8bfa\u9053\u897f15\u53f714\u5c42\u7684\u5927\u697c\u3002\u4ed6\u6b64\u884c\u662f\u53d7\u65f6\u4efb\u4ea4\u901a\u90e8\u957f\u53f6\u98de\u7684\u59d4\u6258\uff0c\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\u5bf9\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u548c\u7ecf\u8425\u72b6\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u5730\u8c03\u7814\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5e72\u8fc7\u60c5\u62a5\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u8001\u9769\u547d\u4e00\u8fb9\u548c\u9a7b\u6e2f\u5e72\u90e8\u4eec\u6478\u5e95\u804a\u5929\u3001\u4e86\u89e3\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e00\u8fb9\u5174\u81f4\u52c3\u52c3\u5730\u7814\u7a76\u8d77\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4ed6\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u4ece\u62a5\u644a\u4e70\u56de\u6765\u4e00\u5806\u62a5\u7eb8\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u8857\u5934\u548c\u4fbf\u5229\u5e97\u8001\u677f\u804a\u5929\uff0c\u6ca1\u51e0\u5929\u5c31\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6708\u5165\u3001\u8fdb\u8d27\u6478\u5f97\u4e00\u6e05\u4e8c\u695a\u3002<\/p>\n \u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u4e00\u6d3e\u7e41\u8363\u5174\u65fa\u3002\u81ea1960\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u63a8\u884c\u51fa\u53e3\u5bfc\u5411\u578b\u6218\u7565\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u53d1\u5c55\u52b3\u52a8\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u7684\u52a0\u5de5\u4ea7\u4e1a\uff0c\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u817e\u98de\uff0c\u4e00\u8dc3\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u4e9a\u6d32\u53d1\u8fbe\u5bcc\u88d5\u7684\u5730\u533a\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u548c\u53f0\u6e7e\u3001\u97e9\u56fd\u3001\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u5e76\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e9a\u6d32\u56db\u5c0f\u9f99\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n 1978\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9996\u90fd\u6b63\u5728\u91ca\u653e\u7740\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u573a\u6709\u5173\u771f\u7406\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\u3002\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u5df2\u5230\u5c3e\u58f0\uff0c\u5c01\u9501\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u56fd\u95e8\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u677e\u52a8\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n \u56de\u5230\u5317\u4eac\u540e\uff0c\u8881\u5e9a\u5411\u4ea4\u901a\u90e8\u9012\u4ea4\u4e00\u4efd\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5728\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u9999\u6e2f\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8bf7\u793a\u300b\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u672a\u6765\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u7acb\u8db3\u6e2f\u6fb3\uff0c\u80cc\u9760\u5168\u56fd\uff0c\u9762\u5411\u6d77\u5916\uff0c\u591a\u79cd\u7ecf\u8425\uff0c\u4e70\u5356\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5de5\u5546\u7ed3\u5408\u201d\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u65b9\u9488\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u51b2\u7834\u675f\u7f1a\uff0c\u5927\u80c6\u5730\u521b\u529e\u4e00\u6279\u4e2d\u5c0f\u578b\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u4ea4\u901a\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u94f6\u884c\u8d37\u6b3e\u3001\u8bd5\u884c\u53d1\u884c\u80a1\u7968\u3001\u5438\u6536\u6d77\u5916\u6e38\u8d44\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8d44\u91d1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f01\u4e1a\u5b9e\u884c\u81ea\u8d1f\u76c8\u4e8f\u3001\u9762\u5411\u5e02\u573a\u6765\u7ecf\u8425\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e09\u5929\u540e\uff0c\u300a\u8bf7\u793a\u300b\u83b7\u5f97\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u548c\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u7684\u6279\u51c6\u3002\u5f53\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u8881\u5e9a\u88ab\u4efb\u547d\u4e3a\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u526f\u8463\u4e8b\u957f\uff0c\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u5168\u9762\u4e3b\u6301\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u8dd1\u904d\u4e86\u9999\u6e2f\u3001\u6fb3\u95e8\u548c\u5b9d\u5b89\u53bf\u540e\uff0c\u8881\u5e9a\u7ed9\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u9012\u4ea4\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u8bf7\u793a\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u5bf9\u5cb8\u7684\u5e7f\u4e1c\u5b9d\u5b89\u53bf\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5916\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff0c\u628a\u56fd\u5185\u5ec9\u4ef7\u7684\u571f\u5730\u548c\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u4e0e\u6e2f\u6fb3\u3001\u6d77\u5916\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u3001\u5148\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\u548c\u539f\u6750\u6599\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u6309\u7167\u201c\u53c2\u7167\u9999\u6e2f\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u7167\u987e\u56fd\u5185\u60c5\u51b5\u201d\u7684\u539f\u5219\u5bf9\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u51fa\u5165\u5883\u624b\u7eed\uff0c\u5bf9\u6709\u5173\u5efa\u8bbe\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u7269\u8d44\u8fdb\u53e3\u3001\u4ea7\u54c1\u51fa\u53e3\u8fdb\u884c\u514d\u7a0e\u653e\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n 1979\u5e741\u670831\u65e5\u4e0a\u5348\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u5357\u6d77\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u91cc\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\u7684\u674e\u5148\u5ff5\u542c\u5b8c\u8881\u5e9a\u7684\u6c47\u62a5\u540e\uff0c\u5ba1\u89c6\u7740\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u5468\u8fb9\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u3002\u4ed6\u63a5\u8fc7\u8881\u5e9a\u9012\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u94c5\u7b14\uff0c\u5728\u5b9d\u5b89\u53bf\u5357\u5934\u534a\u5c9b\u753b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5708\uff0c\u7ea6\u670930\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u8bf4\u628a\u8fd9\u5757\u7ed9\u4f60\u5427\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8881\u5e9a\u53ea\u8981\u4e86\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5357\u5934\u534a\u5c9b\u5357\u7aef\u3001\u7ea62.14\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u86c7\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u8881\u5e9a\u603b\u7ed3\u7684\u201c\u4e09\u5927\u9057\u61be\u201d\u4e4b\u9996\u3002\u5f53\u5e74\u5f00\u53d1\u86c7\u53e3\u5168\u90e8\u9760\u4f01\u4e1a\u81ea\u7b79\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u62e8\u7ed9\u4e00\u5206\u94b1\uff0c\u5bf9\u603b\u8d44\u4ea7\u4ec5\u67091.3\u4ebf\u7684\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8881\u5e9a\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n \u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u7684\u86c7\u53e3\u7801\u5934<\/p>\n \u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u5efa\u7acb\u51fa\u53e3\u52a0\u5de5\u533a\u53d1\u5c55\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u9996\u80af\u548c\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ed6\u9f13\u52b1\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e2d\u592e\u6ca1\u6709\u94b1\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u641e\uff0c\u6740\u51fa\u4e00\u6761\u8840\u8def\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5185\u5730\u5c01\u95ed30\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5916\u5f00\u653e\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u86c7\u53e3\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u5f88\u5feb\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u597d\u5947\u4e0e\u5173\u6ce8\uff1a\u55c5\u5230\u673a\u4f1a\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bb6\u4eec\u4e00\u62e8\u4e00\u62e8\u5730\u6765\u8bbf\u3001\u5546\u8c08\uff0c1981\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u674e\u5609\u8bda\u3001\u970d\u82f1\u4e1c\u5728\u5185\u7684\u201c\u9999\u6e2f\u8d85\u7ea7\u5bcc\u8c6a\u56e2\u201d\u4e5f\u6765\u62dc\u8bbf\u86c7\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n \u4ed6\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u7591\u8651\u91cd\u91cd\uff1a\u62c5\u5fc3\u5230\u5185\u5730\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u4f1a\u88ab\u6ca1\u6536\uff1b\u62c5\u5fc3\u8d5a\u7684\u94b1\u4f1a\u88ab\u6ca1\u6536\uff1b\u62c5\u5fc3\u6ca1\u6cd5\u7092\u6389\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\uff1b\u4e5f\u62c5\u5fc3\u8bb8\u8bfa\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4f18\u60e0\u653f\u7b56\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b97\u8bdd\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n \u4e3a\u4e86\u771f\u6b63\u6253\u6d88\u6e2f\u5546\u5916\u5546\u4eec\u7684\u7591\u8651\uff0c\u8881\u5e9a\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u90e8\u4e0b\u4eec\u5356\u529b\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u6309\u56fd\u9645\u5546\u4e1a\u89c4\u5f8b\u6765\u529e\u4e8b\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u628a\u884c\u653f\u5e72\u6d89\u6392\u9664\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u4e4b\u5916\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee5\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u7684\u724c\u5b50\u4e0e\u5408\u8d44\u65b9\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u7b7e\u7ea6\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d7\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u8bb8\u8bfa10%\u7684\u4f18\u60e0\u5229\u5f97\u7a0e\u7387\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u7b56\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u7531\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u6765\u627f\u62c5\u5dee\u989d\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n 1980\u5e74\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u86c7\u53e3\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u62db\u5546\u65b0\u95fb\u53d1\u5e03\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u6765\u81ea\u300a\u660e\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u8bb0\u8005\u5411\u8881\u5e9a\u53d1\u95ee\uff1a\u8bf7\u95ee\u8881\u5148\u751f\uff0c\u4f60\u5728\u86c7\u53e3\u641e\u7684\u662f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd8\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1f<\/p>\n \u573a\u666f\u5b89\u9759\u4e86\u7247\u523b\uff0c\u8881\u5e9a\u7b11\u7740\u56de\u7b54\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u641e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u56fd\u5bcc\u6c11\u5f3a\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u641e\u597d\uff0c\u5185\u5730\u5f88\u7a77\u3002\u201c\u4e89\u8bba\uff08\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\u662f\u65e0\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9\u4eba\u6c11\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fc7\u82e6\u65e5\u5b50\u3002\u5185\u5730\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00\u5927\u95e8\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u53bb\u8003\u5bdf\u53bb\u6295\u8d44\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u770b\u51c6\u65f6\u673a\uff0c\u4e00\u540c\u53d1\u8d22\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n \u5728\u4e24\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u4e3a\u86c7\u53e3\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u7b7e\u8ba2\u4e0b\u4e00\u6279\u5408\u8d44\u3001\u72ec\u8d44\u5174\u529e\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\uff1a\u5236\u6c27\u5382\uff0c\u6d77\u8fd0\u96c6\u88c5\u7bb1\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u94a2\u5382\uff0c\u94dd\u5382\uff0c\u8239\u8236\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u8239\u8236\u6cb9\u6f06\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u997c\u5e72\u5382\uff0c\u9972\u6599\u5382\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n \u5728\u86c7\u53e3\uff0c\u8881\u5e9a\u6bcf\u505a\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u7a81\u7834\u5f53\u65f6\u53d7\u6781\u5de6\u601d\u7ef4\u675f\u7f1a\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\uff1a\u6253\u7834\u5927\u9505\u996d\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u6309\u52b3\u5206\u914d\u539f\u5219\uff1b\u5de5\u7a0b\u5efa\u8bbe\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u884c\u62db\u6807\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u548c\u627f\u5305\u5355\u4f4d\u8ba2\u6709\u8d4f\u7f5a\u5408\u540c\uff1b\u7528\u5de5\u91c7\u53d6\u5408\u540c\u5236\uff0c\u516c\u5f00\u8fdb\u884c\u62db\u8058\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u4e9b\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u53f8\u7a7a\u89c1\u60ef\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u65e0\u4e00\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u91cd\u91cd\u963b\u788d\u4e2d\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u5e76\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u89e6\u72af\u653f\u6cbb\u7ea2\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n 1980\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u5feb\u7801\u5934\u5de5\u7a0b\u5efa\u8bbe\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u8881\u5e9a\u51b3\u5b9a\u6253\u7834\u5927\u9505\u996d\uff0c\u5bf9\u5de5\u4eba\u5b9e\u884c\u5b9a\u989d\u8d85\u4ea7\u5956\u52b1\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u5de5\u671f\u968f\u540e\u8fdb\u5c55\u5f97\u5f88\u987a\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u4e24\u90e8\u59d4\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5173\u5956\u91d1\u7684\u201c\u7ea2\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u201d\uff0c\u8d85\u989d\u6709\u5956\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u88ab\u52d2\u4ee4\u505c\u6b62\u3002\u86c7\u53e3\u5de5\u5730\u4e0a\u518d\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u78e8\u6d0b\u5de5\u201d\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n \u5fc3\u6025\u5982\u711a\u7684\u8881\u5e9a\u4e8e\u662f\u4ee5\u86c7\u53e3\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u5efa\u8bbe\u6307\u6325\u90e8\u7684\u540d\u4e49\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u65b0\u534e\u793e\u5185\u53c2\u5411\u4e2d\u592e\u4e0a\u5448\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u4f5c\u4e86\u4eb2\u7b14\u6279\u793a\uff1a\u4ea4\u901a\u90e8\u3001\u52b3\u52a8\u603b\u5c40\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u5728\u86c7\u53e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5b9e\u884c\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u5de5\u5730\u53c8\u518d\u6b21\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5fd9\u788c\u666f\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n \u6162\u6162\u5730\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5728\u86c7\u53e3\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6210\u529f\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u9010\u6b65\u63a8\u5e7f\u81f3\u5168\u56fd\u3002\u86c7\u53e3\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u4e00\u652f\u201c\u8bd5\u7ba1\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n 1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u86c7\u53e3\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u65e2\u5728\u6311\u6218\u88ab\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u6253\u7834\u539f\u6709\u7684\u6743\u529b\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u683c\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n \u5f53\u86c7\u53e3\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u8fd8\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u7eb8\u65b9\u6848\u65f6\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u544a\u72b6\u4fe1\u5df2\u7ecf\u98de\u5230\u5317\u4eac\u4e86\uff0c\u544a\u8881\u5e9a\u201c\u641e\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u590d\u8f9f\u201d\u3001\u201c\u91cc\u901a\u5916\u56fd\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7ecf\u8425\u72ec\u7acb\u738b\u56fd\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e0d\u52a1\u6b63\u4e1a\u201d\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6478\u6e05\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u90e8\u59d4\u66fe\u79d8\u5bc6\u5730\u591a\u6b21\u6d3e\u51fa\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ec4\uff0c\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u86c7\u53e3\u8c03\u67e5\u8881\u5e9a\u548c\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u9886\u5bfc\u73ed\u5b50\u7684\u201c\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n \u98ce\u58f0\u9e64\u5533\u4e2d\uff0c\u88ab\u4ed6\u4ece\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u62bd\u8c03\u5230\u86c7\u53e3\u7684\u5e72\u5c06\u4eec\u63a5\u4e8c\u8fde\u4e09\u5730\u8bf7\u8f9e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u62c5\u5fc3\u81ea\u5df1\u72af\u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u9519\u8bef\u201d\u3001\u4e0d\u5f97\u5584\u7ec8\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8881\u5e9a\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0a\u573a\uff0c\u51fa\u5934\u638c\u7ba1\u6574\u4e2a\u86c7\u53e3\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u5f80\u6765\u4e8e\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u86c7\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n \u8881\u5e9a\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u534a\u662f\u8ba4\u771f\u534a\u5f00\u73a9\u7b11\u5730\u548c\u8eab\u8fb9\u7684\u4eba\u8bf4\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u641e\u6539\u9769\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u5546\u9785\u3001\u738b\u5b89\u77f3\u5230\u5eb7\u6709\u4e3a\u3001\u6881\u542f\u8d85\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u597d\u4e0b\u573a\u3002\u201c\u5927\u4e0d\u4e86\u6211\u518d\u56de\u79e6\u57ce\u76d1\u72f1\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n 1982\u5e74\u6625\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e00\u4efd\u9887\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u62a5\u7eb8\u5ffd\u7136\u4ee5\u9192\u76ee\u7684\u6807\u9898\uff0c\u520a\u51fa\u4e00\u7bc7\u300a\u65e7\u4e2d\u56fd\u79df\u754c\u7684\u7531\u6765\u300b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u628a\u77db\u5934\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u5411\u4e86\u6df1\u5733\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7279\u533a\u548c\u86c7\u53e3\u3002\u968f\u5373\uff0c\u4ece\u5317\u4eac\u5230\u5730\u65b9\u5305\u62ec\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u62a5\u7eb8\u3001\u6742\u5fd7\u7eb7\u7eb7\u52a0\u4ee5\u8f6c\u8f7d\u3001\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n \u6574\u4e2a1980\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u3001\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7279\u533a\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u592e\u5230\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u770b\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u4e4d\u6696\u8fd8\u5bd2\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6c14\u5019\u91cc\uff0c\u8881\u5e9a\u7684\u6539\u9769\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u3001\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u3001\u674e\u5148\u5ff5\u3001\u8c37\u7267\u7b49\u4e2d\u592e\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4e00\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e3a\u86c7\u53e3\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u7684\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4eae\u8d77\u4e86\u7eff\u706f\u3002<\/p>\n \u8881\u5e9a\u5728\u603b\u7ed3\u86c7\u53e3\u7cbe\u795e\u65f6\uff0c\u66fe\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u53e5\u523a\u6fc0\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u2014\u2014\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u662f\u91d1\u94b1\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u5c31\u662f\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u987e\u5ba2\u5c31\u662f\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u5c31\u662f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3002\u201d\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5f53\u65f6\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u5ea6\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u4e3b\u4efb\u7684\u718a\u79c9\u6743\u5efa\u8bae\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u4e24\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u5757\u6807\u8bed\u724c\u4e4b\u540e\u51e0\u6b21\u7ad6\u8d77\u53c8\u6458\u6389\u30021984\u5e74\uff0c\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u540c\u5fd7\u5357\u4e0b\u89c6\u5bdf\u86c7\u53e3\u3002\u8881\u5e9a\u7279\u610f\u53ee\u5631\u4eba\u628a\u8fd9\u53e5\u6807\u8bed\u7ad6\u7acb\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u86c7\u53e3\u7684\u8def\u8fb9\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u201c\u6539\u9769\u603b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u201d\u7684\u70b9\u5934\u548c\u8d5e\u8d4f\u3002<\/p>\n \u5f53\u5e74\u5929\u5b89\u95e8\u56fd\u5e86\u6e38\u884c\uff0c\u8881\u5e9a\u53c8\u628a\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u662f\u91d1\u94b1\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u5c31\u662f\u751f\u547d\u201d\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u6a2a\u5e45\u6302\u5230\u4e86\u53c2\u52a0\u6e38\u884c\u7684\u5f69\u8f66\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u86c7\u53e3\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6c14\u8d28\u5c55\u73b0\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u773c\u524d\u3002\u540e\u6765\u6709\u5a92\u4f53\u8bc4\u4ef7\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u5f53\u5929\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u53cd\u54cd\u4ec5\u6b21\u4e8e\u5317\u5927\u5e08\u751f\u6253\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u2014\u2014\u201c\u5c0f\u5e73\uff0c\u60a8\u597d\uff01\u201d<\/p>\n \u5728\u8881\u5e9a\u7684\u5e26\u9886\u4e0b\uff0c\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u6295\u8d44\u521b\u529e\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u5e26\u7740\u201c\u86c7\u53e3\u57fa\u56e0\u201d\u7684\u4f18\u8d28\u4f01\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n 1987\u5e74\uff0c\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u521b\u529e\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bb6\u7531\u4f01\u4e1a\u521b\u529e\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\u5236\u5546\u4e1a\u94f6\u884c\u2014\u2014\u62db\u5546\u94f6\u884c\uff1b1988\u5e74\uff0c\u62db\u5546\u5c40\u53d1\u8d77\u521b\u7acb\u5e73\u5b89\u4fdd\u9669\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bb6\u7531\u4f01\u4e1a\u53d1\u8d77\u521b\u529e\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\u5236\u4fdd\u9669\u516c\u53f8\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n \u4ece\u86c7\u53e3\u6fc0\u8d77\u7684\u6c34\u82b1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u649e\u51fb\u7740\u5f53\u65f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u601d\u60f3\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n 1988\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u6539\u9769\u6700\u9ad8\u6f6e\uff0c\u4e00\u6869\u201c\u86c7\u53e3\u98ce\u6ce2\u201d\u8f70\u52a8\u4e86\u5168\u56fd\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u9762\u6ce2\u53ca\u5230\u8fdc\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u632a\u5a01\u3001\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u7eb7\u7eb7\u5199\u4fe1\u56de\u56fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n \u5f53\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u77e5\u540d\u9752\u5e74\u6559\u80b2\u4e13\u5bb6\u66f2\u5578\u3001\u674e\u71d5\u6770\u7b49\u4eba\u6765\u86c7\u53e3\u548c\u9752\u5e74\u4eec\u5ea7\u8c08\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u8c08\u5230\u6df1\u5733\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u4eba\uff0c\u65e2\u6709\u5efa\u8bbe\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u6dd8\u91d1\u8005\u3002\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6dd8\u91d1\u8005\u5462\uff1f\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e2a\u4eba\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u56fe\u6df1\u5733\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u597d\u3001\u5de5\u8d44\u6536\u5165\u9ad8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u673a\u662f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u9752\u5e74\u4eba\u5e94\u8be5\u6000\u7740\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7231\u3001\u4e3a\u7279\u533a\u521b\u4e1a\u800c\u6765\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u201c\u7279\u533a\u4e0d\u6b22\u8fce\u6dd8\u91d1\u8005\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n 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