{"id":56845,"date":"2026-03-15T05:34:22","date_gmt":"2026-03-14T21:34:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=56845"},"modified":"2026-03-15T05:34:22","modified_gmt":"2026-03-14T21:34:22","slug":"%e7%8b%ac%e7%89%b9%e7%9a%84%e5%8e%86%e5%8f%b2%e6%a0%b7%e6%9c%ac-%e4%b8%8a%e6%b5%b7%e7%8a%b9%e5%a4%aa%e7%a4%be%e5%8c%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=56845","title":{"rendered":"\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6837\u672c | \u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6765\u6e90: \u65b9\u5fd7\u4e0a\u6d77<\/p>\n

\u955c\u5934\u4e00<\/strong><\/p>\n

2006\u5e744\u6708<\/p>\n

\u201c\u963f\u62c9\u662f\u81ea\u5bb6\u4eba\uff01\u201d85\u5c81\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u8001\u4eba\u683c\u5229\u4e0e\u821f\u5c71\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u5e02\u6c11\u7528\u4e0a\u6d77\u8bdd\u201c\u560e\u8baa\u80e1\u201d\u30024\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u4e0e\u683c\u5229\u4e00\u540c\u6765\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\u5e02\u8679\u53e3\u63d0\u7bee\u6865\u5730\u533a\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u540d\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d45\u540d\u662f60\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u6765\u4e0a\u6d77\u907f\u96be\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u540e\u4ee3\u4e5f\u5e26\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5e26\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u5e26\u5230\u8fd9\u7247\u66fe\u7ecf\u5e87\u62a4\u4ed6\u4eec\u9003\u8131\u52ab\u96be\u7684\u201c\u4e1c\u65b9\u8bfa\u4e9a\u65b9\u821f\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u65e0\u5c3d\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\u4e2d\u8868\u8fbe\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u611f\u6fc0\u4e4b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n

1939\u5e74\uff0c18\u5c81\u7684\u683c\u5229\u6765\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u63d0\u7bee\u6865\u5730\u533a\u3002\u201c\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u751f\u6d3b\u4e8610\u5e74\uff0c\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e86\u6700\u96be\u5fd8\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u5c81\u6708\u3002\u201d\u56de\u523060\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u5c45\u4f4f\u8fc7\u7684\u201c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6545\u4e61\u201d\uff0c\u683c\u5229\u663e\u5f97\u5f88\u5174\u594b\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5411\u8bb0\u8005\u63cf\u8ff0\u81ea\u5df1\u5e74\u8f7b\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u201c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7ed3\u8bc6\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u5973\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e5\u5b50\u5b9e\u5728\u592a\u7f8e\u5999\u4e86\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u955c\u5934\u4e8c<\/strong><\/p>\n

2013\u5e745\u6708<\/p>\n

\u201c\u4e0a\u6d77\u963f\u59d0\u201d\uff0c\u4fac\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u7c4d\u72b9\u592a\u753b\u5bb6\u5f7c\u7279\u00b7\u9a6c\u514b\u65af\uff08Peter Max\uff09\u6839\u636e\u513f\u65f6\u7684\u6591\u6591\u9a73\u9a73\u8ffd\u5fc6\uff0c\u9887\u5bcc\u6fc0\u60c5\u5730\u7ed8\u5236\u4e86\u4e00\u5e45\u201c\u4e0a\u6d77\u963f\u59d0\u201d\u7684\u6cb9\u753b\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u975e\u5e38\u611f\u8c22\u4e8c\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u540c\u6837\u906d\u53d7\u6218\u4e89\u82e6\u96be\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u5e02\u6c11\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u65f6\u671f\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u5584\u826f\u548c\u5305\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u628a\u5979\u63a5\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b89\u5ea6\u665a\u5e74\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u5f7c\u7279\u00b7\u9a6c\u514b\u65af\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\u67cf\u6797\uff0c20\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u968f\u5bb6\u4eba\u5343\u91cc\u8fe2\u8fe2\u9003\u96be\u81f3\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u66fe\u5728\u63d0\u7bee\u6865\u3001\u821f\u5c71\u8def\u3001\u970d\u5c71\u8def\u5c45\u4f4f\u5341\u4f59\u5e74\u3002\u4e3a\u5b89\u8eab\u7acb\u547d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7236\u6bcd\u5e38\u66fe\u5728\u821f\u5c71\u8def\u3001\u970d\u5c71\u8def\u5f00\u8fc7\u4e00\u95f4\u670d\u88c5\u5e97\u3002<\/p>\n

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2012\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u5f7c\u7279\u00b7\u9a6c\u514b\u65af\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u201c\u4e0a\u6d77\u963f\u59d0\u201d<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u56de\u5fc6\u9053\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u970d\u5c71\u8def\u6bcf\u5929\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u5c0f\u5b69\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u4e00\u8d77\u73a9\u800d\uff0c\u5b69\u63d0\u65f6\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u53eb\u4ed6\u5c0f\u201c\u6770\u514b\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a10\u5c81\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u59d0\u59d0\u7167\u987e\u4ed6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5979\u7684\u59d3\u540d\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f97\u963f\u59d0\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u662f\u4ed6\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u90a3\u4f4d\u4e2d\u56fd\u59d0\u59d0\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u4f1a\u6559\u4ed6\u4ee5\u6bdb\u7b14\u4f5c\u753b\u548c\u7528\u6bdb\u7b14\u5b66\u5199\u6c49\u5b57\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u4e66\u753b\u542f\u8499\u8001\u5e08\u30021949\u5e74\u524d\u540e\uff0c12\u5c81\u7684\u5c0f\u5f7c\u7279\u968f\u7236\u6bcd\u79bb\u5f00\u4e0a\u6d77\u524d\u5f80\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u4e00\u76f4\u8bb0\u90a3\u4f4d\u201c\u4e0a\u6d77\u963f\u59d0\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u821f\u5c71\u8def\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8004\u800b\u8001\u4eba\u5728\u56de\u5fc6\u8d77\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u96be\u5fd8\u5c81\u6708\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e0d\u7ea6\u800c\u540c\u8bf4\u51fa\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u540d\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u8fd9\u6761\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8679\u53e3\u533a\u7684\u5c0f\u9a6c\u8def\uff0c\u80fd\u8ba9\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u72b9\u592a\u4fa8\u6c11\u9b42\u7275\u68a6\u7ed5\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u7684\u6cbf\u9769<\/strong><\/p>\n

19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u81f320\u4e16\u7eaa30\u300140\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6709\u4e09\u6b21\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u79fb\u5c45\u4e0a\u6d77\u6d6a\u6f6e\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e3a19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u81f320\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u53f6\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff08\u4e16\u5c45\u4f0a\u6bd4\u5229\u4e9a\u534a\u5c9b\uff0c\u540e\u88ab\u9a71\u9010\uff0c\u88ab\u8feb\u8fc1\u5c45\u4e2d\u4e1c\u7b49\u5730\u533a\uff09\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e3a20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u53f6\u81f330\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff08\u591a\u6570\u4e3a\u56e0\u6c99\u4fc4\u6392\u72b9\u4ee5\u53ca\u56e0\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u800c\u9003\u79bb\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u963f\u4ec0\u80af\u7eb3\u5179\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff09\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u4e3a\u4e8c\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u524d\u5915\u7684\u5fb7\u3001\u5965\u7b49\u4e2d\u6b27\u56fd\u5bb6\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5916\u4fa8\u6784\u6210\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u793e\u533a\u3002\u4e8c\u6218\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u65c5\u5c45\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u9646\u7eed\u79bb\u6caa\uff0c\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u6b27\u6d32\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u8fc1\u5f99\u8def\u5f84\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n

1840\u5e74\u540e\u6765\u534e\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff09\u7684\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\uff08Sephardi\uff09\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5927\u591a\u6765\u81ea\u82f1\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u5df4\u683c\u8fbe\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u7b49\u5730\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6709\u6c99\u900a\uff08Sassoons\uff09\u3001\u5609\u9053\u7406\uff08Kadoories\uff09\u3001\u54c8\u540c\uff08Hardoons\uff09\u3001\u4e9a\u4f2f\u62c9\u7f55\uff08Abrahams\uff09\u3001\u6240\u7f57\u95e8\uff08Solomons\uff09\u3001\u57c3\u5179\u62c9\uff08Ezras\uff09\u3001\u6258\u4f9d\u683c\uff08Toegs\uff09\u3001\u6d77\u4ea6\u59c6\uff08Hayims\uff09\u3001\u7d22\u798f\uff08Sophers\uff09\u7b49\u5bb6\u65cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6e05\u9053\u5149\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u5e74\uff081844\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u82f1\u7c4d\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u5546\u5927\u536b\u00b7\u6c99\u900a\uff08David\u00b7Sassoon\uff09\u6d3e\u6b21\u5b50\u4f0a\u83b1\u4e9a\u65af\uff08Elias David Sassoon\uff09\u7387\u5148\u62b5\u6caa\u3002\u6b21\u5e74\uff0c\u6c99\u900a\u6d0b\u884c\uff08D.Sassoon and Sons & Co.\uff09\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u8bbe\u7acb\u5206\u884c\u3002\u9053\u5149\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\uff081850\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u67093\u540d\u6d0b\u884c\u72b9\u592a\u804c\u5458\u5b9a\u5c45\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662fE.J.\u4e9a\u4f2f\u62c9\u7f55\u3001M.S.\u6469\u897f\u548cJ.\u9c81\u672c\u3002\u81f3\u540c\u6cbb\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\uff081874\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u65b0\u3001\u8001\u6c99\u900a\u516c\u53f8\u5171\u96c7\u4f6320\u591a\u4f4d\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u6c99\u900a\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u6210\u529f\u5e26\u52a8\u66f4\u591a\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6765\u6caa\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65cf\u7fa4\u591a\u4ee5\u7ecf\u5546\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u6781\u76db\u65f6\u4eba\u6570\u8fd1\u5343\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u7531\u5317\u534e\u6377\u62a5\uff08(North-China Herald\uff09\u7f16\u7e82\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u7b2c\u4e00\u672c\u5e74\u9274 Shanghai Almanac and Commercial Guide for theyear 1852 \uff08\u300a\u4e0a\u6d77\u5e74\u9274\uff081852\uff09\u300b\uff09 \u5176\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb0\u8f7d\u6709\u5f53\u5e74\u5728\u6caa\u7684\u5916\u4fa8\u53ca\u5546\u53f7\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u5728\u6c99\u900a\u6d0b\u884c\u804c\u5458\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1\u4e9a\u4f2f\u62c9\u7f55\u3001\u6469\u897f\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u7f57\u95e8\u7684\u540d\u5b57<\/p>\n

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\u6c99\u900a\u5bb6\u65cf\u5728\u4f20\u5230\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u6c99\u900a\uff08Sir Ellice Victor Elias Sassoon\uff0c\u753b\u9762\u5c45\u4e2d\u8005\uff09\u624b\u4e2d\u65f6\u5df2\u7b97\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u3002\u4ed6\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u90a3\u4e0d\u52d2\u65af\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u5728\u54c8\u7f57\u516c\u5b66\u3001\u5251\u6865\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u968f\u53d4\u7236\u6765\u4e9a\u6d32\u5bdf\u770b\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u5bb6\u65cf\u4f01\u4e1a\u5408\u4f19\u4eba\u3002\u4e00\u6218\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u82f1\u519b\u670d\u5f79\uff0c\u56e0\u98de\u673a\u4e8b\u6545\u4e0b\u534a\u8eab\u4e25\u91cd\u53d7\u4f24\uff0c\u8d70\u8def\u8981\u6491\u4e24\u6839\u62d0\u68cd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u88ab\u4eba\u620f\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8df7\u811a\u6c99\u900a\u201d\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6c99\u900a\u5bb6\u65cf\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u751f\u610f\u5df2\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8f6c\u578b\u4e86\uff0c\u6295\u8d44\u8303\u56f4\u904d\u53ca\u91d1\u878d\u3001\u623f\u5730\u4ea7\u3001\u8d38\u6613\u3001\u8fd0\u8f93\u3001\u8f7b\u91cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u516c\u7528\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u7ea6\u6709\u5c06\u8fd150\u4e2a\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u5b50\u516c\u53f8<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u5f62\u6210\u665a\u4e8e\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\u901f\u5ea6\u5374\u8d85\u8fc7\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6b63\u662f\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u592a\u5546\u4eba\u793e\u7fa4\u5c06\u53d1\u5c55\u91cd\u70b9\u8f6c\u5411\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u72b9\u592a\u516c\u5893\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u4f1a\u5802\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u30021862\u5e74\uff0c\u6c99\u900a\u5bb6\u65cf\u6350\u8d44\u5728\u9a6c\u970d\u8def\uff08\u4eca\u9ec4\u9642\u5317\u8def\uff09\u5174\u5efa\u4e0a\u6d77\u7b2c\u4e00\u5ea7\u72b9\u592a\u516c\u5893\uff0c\u53d6\u540d\u201c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u516c\u5893\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6709\u5173\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6700\u65e9\u8bb0\u5f55\u30021870\u5e74\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u5802\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u7b79\u5efa\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u4f1a\u5802\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u5b66\u6821\u30021887\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u5174\u5efa\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e0a\u6d77\u7b2c\u4e00\u5ea7\u72b9\u592a\u4f1a\u5802\u2014\u2014\u57c3\u5c14\u4f1a\u5802\uff08Beth IE Synagogue\uff09\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u70b9\u5df2\u65e0\u8003\uff0c\u636e\u4f20\u4f4d\u4e8e\u73b0\u4eca\u798f\u5dde\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1933\u5e74\u5de5\u90e8\u5c40\u6240\u7ed8\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u516c\u5893\uff08JEWISH CEMETERY\uff09<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

20\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u9a6c\u970d\u8def\u9759\u5b89\u5bfa\u8def\u53e3\uff08\u4eca\u9ec4\u9642\u5317\u8def\u5357\u4eac\u897f\u8def\u53e3\uff09\u897f\u671b\u3002\u56fe\u5de6\u4e0b\u89d2\u53ef\u89c1\u72b9\u592a\u516c\u5893<\/p>\n

1900\u5e74\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u72b9\u592a\u4fa8\u6c11\u5728\u7199\u534e\u5fb7\u8def\uff08Seward Road \u4eca\u957f\u6cbb\u8def\uff09\u5efa\u9020\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5ea7\u72b9\u592a\u4f1a\u5802\u2014\u2014\u820d\u91cc\u7279\u00b7\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4f1a\u5802\uff08Sheerith Israel Synagogue\uff09\u3002\u4f1a\u5802\u4e8e1909\u5e74\u843d\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u8bbe\u4e00\u6240\uff08\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\uff09\u7ecf\u6587\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u4e00\u6240\u6da4\u7f6a\u6d74\u5ba4\uff0c\u5bf9\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u8fdb\u884c\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u4e16\u4fd7\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u8fd9\u6240\u7ecf\u6587\u5b66\u6821\u540e\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u8679\u53e3\u5730\u533a\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u96cf\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n

20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u53f6\u8d77\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u548c\u4e1c\u6b27\u56fd\u5bb6\u963f\u4ec0\u80af\u7eb3\u5179\uff08Ashkenazi\uff09\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u79fb\u5c45\u4e0a\u6d77\u3002\u520619\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u30011917\u5e74\u540e\u548c20\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u300219\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u56e0\u6c99\u4fc4\u53cd\u72b9\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u4fc4\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u79fb\u6c11\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e1c\u5317\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4e5f\u6709\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5317\u6b27\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u201d\u30021917\u5e74\u4fc4\u56fd\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u540e\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u65e7\u4fc4\u8d35\u65cf\u3001\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u3001\u5b98\u5458\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u9003\u4ea1\u81f3\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u201c\u767d\u4fc4\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5c11\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u30021924\u5e74\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u589e\u81f3800\uff5e1000\u4eba\u30021937\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u54c8\u5c14\u6ee8\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4e5f\u88ab\u8feb\u8fc1\u79fb\u81f3\u4e0a\u6d77\u3002<\/p>\n

19\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u6765\u6caa\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4e3b\u8981\u4ece\u4e8b\u5546\u8d38\u4e1a\u3002\u4f46\u5f53\u65f6\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u4fc4\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4eba\u6570\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u5c1a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u72ec\u7acb\u72b9\u592a\u4f1a\u5802\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u6d3b\u52a8\u5e38\u4e0e\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4e00\u8d77\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u6570\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4e8e1902\u5e74\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f1a\u5802\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7199\u534e\u5fb7\u8def\uff08\u4eca\u957f\u6cbb\u8def\uff09\u79df\u623f\u5efa\u9020\u6469\u897f\u4f1a\u5802\uff08Ohel Moishe Synagogue\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

1925\u5e74\uff0c\u4ece\u6d77\u53c2\u5a01\u6765\u6caa\u4e0d\u4e45\u7684\u4fc4\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u9c8d\u91cc\u65af\u00b7\u62c9\u5bbe\u8bfa\u7ef4\u5947\uff08Boris Rabinnovich\uff09\u529b\u9080\u8fc8\u8036\u4e00\u963f\u4ec0\u80af\u7eb3\u5179\u62c9\u6bd4\uff08Rabbi Meir Ashkenazi\uff09\u6765\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\u3002\u8fc8\u8036\u4e00\u963f\u4ec0\u80af\u7eb3\u5179\u62c9\u6bd41883\u5e74\u751f\u4e8e\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b97\u6559\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u5c5e\u54c8\u897f\u5fb7\u6d3e\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u6b63\u7edf\u7684\u4fc4\u56fd\u652f\u7cfb\u5362\u5df4\u7ef4\u5947\u6d3e\u3002\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\u540e\uff0c\u963f\u4ec0\u80af\u7eb3\u5179\u62c5\u4efb\u6469\u897f\u4f1a\u5802\u7684\u62c9\u6bd4\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4fc4\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u9886\u8896\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u5a01\u671b\u9010\u6e10\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u540e\u6765\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u3001\u6ce2\u5170\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5c0a\u656c\u4ed6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u9047\u5230\u5b97\u6559\u6cd5\u5f8b\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u4e5f\u5411\u4ed6\u8bf7\u6559\u30021926\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u62c5\u4efb\u4e0a\u6d77\u9996\u5e2d\u5927\u62c9\u6bd4\u76f4\u81f31949\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

20\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e24\u4f4d\u77e5\u540d\u5927\u62c9\u6bd4\u5408\u5f71\u3002Rabbi Meir Ashkenazi\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u4e0eRabbi Mendel Brown\uff08\u5de6\uff09\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u5ea7\u4e0a\u6d77\u77e5\u540d\u72b9\u592a\u4f1a\u5802\u2014\u2014\u62c9\u7ed3\u4f1a\u5802\uff08Ohel Rachel Synagogue\uff09\u7684\u5927\u62c9\u6bd4\uff0c\u8be5\u4f1a\u5802\u4f4d\u4e8e\u9655\u897f\u5317\u8def500\u53f7\uff08\u65e7\u79f0\u897f\u6469\u8def Seymour Road \uff09\uff0c\u6545\u53c8\u540d\u897f\u6469\u8def\u4f1a\u5802\uff08Seymour Synagogue\uff09\u30021921\u5e741\u670823\u65e5\u5efa\u6210\u542f\u7528\uff0c\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u6d77\u5e02\u6559\u59d4\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u62b5\u6caa\u963f\u4ec0\u80af\u7eb3\u5179\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u6500\u5347\uff0c\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u573a\u6240\u663e\u7136\u5df2\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u30021927\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5927\u62c9\u6bd4\u7b49\u4e00\u6279\u5fb7\u9ad8\u671b\u91cd\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u5021\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u52df\u96c6\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u5728\u534e\u5fb7\u8def62\u53f7\uff08Ward road\u4eca\u957f\u9633\u8def\uff09\u7b79\u5efa\u4e00\u5ea7\u65b0\u4f1a\u5802\uff081928\u5e74\u5efa\u6210\uff09\uff0c\u4fd7\u79f0\u534e\u5fb7\u8def\u4f1a\u5802\u3002\u8be5\u5802\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e24\u5c42\u697c\u623f\uff0c\u697c\u4e0b\u4e3a\u793c\u62dc\u5927\u5385\uff0c\u53ef\u5bb9\u7eb3300\u4eba\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u6709\u6da4\u7f6a\u6d74\u5ba4\u3002\u697c\u4e0a\u4e3a\u62c9\u6bd4\u4f4f\u623f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u516c\u4f1a\u7684\u529e\u516c\u5904\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u4eca\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7eaa\u5ff5\u9986\u7684\u524d\u8eab\u5efa\u7b51\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1904\u5e74\uff0cN.E.B.\u57c3\u5179\u62c9\u521b\u529e\u82f1\u6587\u72b9\u592a\u62a5\u7eb8\u300a\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4fe1\u4f7f\u62a5\u300b\uff08Isreal’s Messenger\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u6d77\u9521\u5b89\u4e3b\u4e49\u534f\u4f1a\uff08Shanghai Zionist Association\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0S.Z.A\uff09\u7684\u673a\u5173\u62a5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0a\u6d77\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efd\u72b9\u592a\u62a5\u7eb8\uff0c\u5907\u53d7\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u91cd\u89c6\u3002\u8be5\u62a51927\u5e7410\u67081\u65e5\u520a\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u6709\u5173\u5728\u8679\u53e3\u7b79\u5efa\u6469\u897f\u4f1a\u5802\u7684\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u8f83\u4e3a\u8be6\u7ec6\u30021928\u5e7411\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u8be5\u62a5\u53c8\u520a\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u65b0\u6469\u897f\u4f1a\u5802\u843d\u6210\u795d\u5723\u793c\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u62a5\u9053<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1934\u5e749\u670810\u65e5\u300a\u7533\u62a5\u300b\u4e00\u5219\u201c\u72b9\u592a\u4fa8\u6c11\u6628\u65e5\u5e86\u795d\u5143\u65e6\u201d\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\u201c\u6628\u4e3a\u72b9\u592a\u5386\u7b2c\u4e94\u5343\u516d\u767e\u4e5d\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u5143\u65e6\u65e5\uff0c\u672c\u57e0\u72b9\u592a\u4fa8\u6c11\u5206\u96c6\u534e\u5fb7\u8def\u3001\u7231\u6587\u4e49\u8def\u3001\u897f\u6469\u8def\u3001\u5706\u660e\u56ed\u8def\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u5802\u4e3e\u884c\u5e86\u795d……\u201d<\/p>\n

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\u9664\u53bb\u5c11\u6570\u6e38\u6c11\u6d6a\u5b50\u8d29\u6bd2\u3001\u5356\u6deb\u3001\u6740\u4eba\u8d8a\u8d27\u5916\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u963f\u4ec0\u80af\u7eb3\u5179\u72b9\u592a\u79fb\u6c11\u901a\u8fc7\u8f9b\u52e4\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u8dfb\u8eab\u4e0a\u6d77\u79df\u754c\u7684\u4e2d\u7b49\u9636\u5c42\u548c\u4e2d\u4e0b\u5c42\u9636\u5c42\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d1%\uff5e2%\u6210\u4e3a\u5bcc\u7fc1\u3002\u804c\u4e1a\u6784\u6210\u591a\u4e3a\u5546\u4eba\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u6587\u5316\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

20\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5728\u6caa\u7684\u9521\u5b89\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6d3b\u52a8\u5f71\u50cf<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e07\u56fd\u5546\u56e2\u72b9\u592a\u5206\u961f\uff08The Jewish Company of the Shanghai Volunteer Corps\uff09\u58eb\u5175\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u4f69\u6234\u7684\u80a9\u7ae0\u201cSVC\u201d\u662f\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e07\u56fd\u5546\u56e2\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u9886\u7ae0\u5219\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u5927\u536b\u661f<\/p>\n

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\u4e8c\u3001\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u6f6e<\/strong><\/p>\n

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1933\u5e74\uff0c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u515a\u4e0a\u53f0\u540e\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5f00\u59cb\u6380\u8d77\u6392\u72b9\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u5c11\u90e8\u5206\u5fb7\u3001\u5965\u7b49\u4e2d\u6b27\u56fd\u5bb6\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u9884\u611f\u5230\u5c40\u52bf\u7684\u6076\u5316\uff0c\u5148\u671f\u5c31\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u4eb2\u621a\u670b\u53cb\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u8f97\u8f6c\u62b5\u6caa\u30021933\u5e74\uff0c\u9996\u6279\u5fb7\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7ea612\u4e2a\u5bb6\u5ead\u767e\u4f59\u4eba\u5230\u6caa\u3002\u6b64\u540e\u52301937\u5e74\u590f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u7ea6\u67091000\uff5e1500\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u4fa8\u6c11\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u6765\u8bf4\u8fd8\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u4ece\u5bb9\u7684\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u201c\u79fb\u6c11\u201d\u800c\u975e\u201c\u96be\u6c11\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u5927\u591a\u662f\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u5e26\u6709\u79ef\u84c4\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u627e\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u5c45\u72b9\u4fa8\u7684\u4e2d\u7b49\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4f55\u51e4\u5c71\u76ee\u7779\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u60e8\u5267\uff0c\u5728\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0a\u6d77\u5f53\u65f6\u88ab\u65e5\u5bc7\u5360\u9886\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5165\u6caa\u65e0\u987b\u7b7e\u8bc1\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u7ecf\u6d4e\u62c5\u4fdd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u5341\u5206\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u538b\u529b\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bc5\u7136\u5411\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u53d1\u653e\u53bb\u5f80\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u201c\u7b7e\u8bc1\u201d\uff0c\u4f7f\u8bb8\u591a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97 \u201c\u751f\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u3002\u4ee5\u81f3\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u7ef4\u4e5f\u7eb3\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\u4f55\u9886\u4e8b\u7684\u7b7e\u8bc1\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u751f\u547d\u7b7e\u8bc1\u201d\u3002\u636e\u6b64\u540e\u7684\u53f2\u6599\u6574\u7406\uff0c\u4ece1937\u5e745\u6708\u5230\u4efb\uff0c\u81f31940\u5e745\u6708\u79bb\u804c\uff0c\u4f55\u9886\u4e8b\u624b\u4e2d\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u7b7e\u8bc1\u53ef\u80fd\u67092000\uff5e4000\u4efd\u4e4b\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4f55\u51e4\u5c71\u7b7e\u53d1\u7684\u201c\u6551\u547d\u7b7e\u8bc1\u201d<\/p>\n

\u4ece1933\u5e74\u52301941\u5e74\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u4ece\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u5c60\u5200\u4e0b\u9003\u751f\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u8fdc\u6d89\u91cd\u6d0b\u6765\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u5176\u603b\u4eba\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u67093\u4e07\u4e4b\u591a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9664\u4e86\u6570\u5343\u4eba\u7ecf\u4e0a\u6d77\u53bb\u7b2c\u4e09\u56fd\u5916\uff0c\u81f31941\u5e7412\u6708\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u51712.5\u4e07\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u628a\u4e0a\u6d77\u5f53\u4f5c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u907f\u5c45\u5730\uff0c\u4ec5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5c31\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3001\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u5357\u975e\u3001\u65b0\u897f\u51705\u56fd\u5f53\u65f6\u63a5\u7eb3\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u603b\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5927\u91cf\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u6d8c\u5165\u52bf\u5fc5\u5e26\u6765\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u6d77\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u62a5\u7ae0\u4ece1938\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u7ecf\u5e38\u62a5\u9053\u6709\u5173\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u662f1938\u5e7412\u670820\u65e5\u300a\u7533\u62a5\u300b\u4e00\u7bc7\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u4e94\u767e\u4eba\u4eca\u65e5\u53ef\u5230\u201d\u7684\u62a5\u9053<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u662f1939\u5e741\u67082\u65e5\u300a\u7533\u62a5\u300b\u4e00\u7bc7\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u8679\u53e3\u96c6\u4e2d\u8425\u6536\u5bb9\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u201d\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a<\/p>\n

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\u82f1\u6587\u5927\u7f8e\u665a\u62a5\u4e91\u3001\u67cf\u58eb\u767b\u8f6e\u4eca\uff08\u4e09\u5341\u4e00\u65e5\uff09\u6668\u62b5\u6caa\u3001\u8f7d\u6765\u4e2d\u6b27\u96be\u6c11\u7ea6\u4e03\u5341\u4eba\u3001\u643a\u884c\u674e\u9887\u591a\u3001\u670d\u88c5\u4ea6\u9887\u6574\u9f50\u3001\u5eb7\u94c1\u3000\u7d20\u53f7\u590d\u8f7d\u6765\u96be\u6c11\u4e8c\u767e\u4e94\u5341\u4eba\u3001\u65b0\u5c81\u4e2d\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e4b\u5fb7\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5c06\u8fbe\u4e00\u5343\u56db\u767e\u4eba\u3001\u95fb\u9884\u5b9a\u8239\u7968\u6765\u6caa\u8005\u6b8a\u4f17\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8239\u7968\u3001\u5747\u7531\u79bb\u5fb7\u5965\u4e4b\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5728\u6570\u6708\u4e4b\u524d\u9884\u5b9a\u4e00\u7a7a\u3001\u636e\u4e91\u9884\u6599\u81f3\u6b27\u6d32\u6392\u72b9\u544a\u7ec8\u65f6\u3001\u5c06\u6709\u4e94\u5343\u5de6\u53f3\u4e4b\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u675f\u88c5\u6765\u6caa……<\/p>\n

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\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u300a\u56fd\u5185\u52b3\u5de5\u6d88\u606f\u300b\u6c11\u56fd\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u5e74\u56db\u6708\u4efd\u4e4b\u5341\u4e03\u3001\u5c31\u4e1a(\u4e01) \u4e2d\u6709\u5173\u5927\u6279\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u6765\u6caa\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d<\/p>\n

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1939\u5e7412\u670831\u65e5\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u79df\u754c\u5f53\u5c40\u9881\u53d1\u7ed9\u4e00\u4f4d\u540d\u53eb Adolf Preuss \u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u9762\u5305\u5e97\u8425\u4e1a\u6267\u7167\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u767b\u8bb0\u5730\u5740\u662f\u201c Lane 783 No. 36 Point Road \u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u73b0\u4eca\u5468\u5bb6\u5634\u8def783\u5f0436\u53f7<\/p>\n

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1934\u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u7c4d\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6210\u7acb\u6551\u6d4e\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u30021938\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u7531\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u58eb\u7ec4\u6210\u56fd\u9645\u6551\u52a9\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08IC\uff09\u6295\u5165\u5b89\u7f6e\u6551\u6d4e\u3002\u4e9a\u4f2f\u62c9\u7f55\u5bb6\u65cf\u548c\u6258\u4f9d\u683c\u5bb6\u65cf\u5f00\u8bbe\u516c\u5171\u53a8\u623f\uff0c\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u6c99\u900a\u6350\u51fa\u6cb3\u6ee8\u5927\u697c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6536\u5bb9\u6240\u3002<\/p>\n

1938\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u5de8\u5bcc\u5609\u9053\u91cc\u5bb6\u65cf\u51fa\u9762\u53ec\u96c6\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u4eba\u58eb\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u6551\u6d4e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5b98\u5458\u4e3e\u884c\u534f\u8c03\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u6551\u52a9\u6b27\u6d32\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08CFA\uff09\u30021939\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u7684\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u6c99\u900a\u6350\u52a915\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u7279\u522b\u6b3e\u9879\u4f5c\u4e3a\u590d\u5174\u57fa\u91d1\u3002\u5609\u9053\u91cc\u3001\u6d77\u4f9d\u59c6\u3001\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u7b49\u72b9\u592a\u5bcc\u5546\u4e5f\u8bbe\u7acb\u5404\u79cd\u590d\u5174\u57fa\u91d1\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u96be\u6c11\u6062\u590d\u906d\u5230\u6218\u4e89\u6bc1\u574f\u7684\u5de5\u5546\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u5176\u81ea\u529b\u66f4\u751f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

1939\u5e741\u6708\u8d77\uff0c\u6551\u52a9\u6b27\u6d32\u96be\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u76f8\u7ee7\u5efa\u7acb\u7231\u5c14\u8003\u514b\u8def\uff08Alcock Road\u4eca\u5b89\u56fd\u8def\uff09\u3001\u5146\u4e30\u8def\uff08Chaoufoong Road\u4eca\u9ad8\u9633\u8def\uff09\u3001\u7199\u534e\u5fb7\u8def\uff08Seward Road\u4eca\u957f\u6cbb\u8def\uff09\u3001\u534e\u5fb7\u8def\uff08Ward Road\u4eca\u957f\u9633\u8def\uff09\u548c\u6c47\u5c71\u8def\uff08Wayside Road\u4eca\u970d\u5c71\u8def\uff09\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u8425\u3002<\/p>\n

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1939\u5e746\u6708\u7684\u4e00\u5f20\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u767b\u8bb0\u8868<\/p>\n

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20\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\u62cd\u6444\u7684\u7231\u5c14\u8003\u514b\u8def\uff08Alcock Road\u4eca\u5b89\u56fd\u8def\uff09\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u8425\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u8fdc\u666f\u53ef\u89c1\u63d0\u7bee\u6865\u76d1\u72f1\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u76d1\u5ba4\uff0c\u8be5\u5efa\u7b51\u73b0\u5df2\u65e0\u5b58\uff08\u89c1\u4e0b\u56fe\uff09<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

20\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u5510\u5c71\u8def599\u5f04\u4e09\u76ca\u90a8\u3002\u6b64\u5730\u4e5f\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u805a\u5c45\u5730\u4e4b\u4e00<\/p>\n

1938\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u72b9\u592a\u79fb\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u72b9\u592a\u79fb\u6c11\u62d3\u6b96\u63f4\u52a9\u4f1a\uff08HICEM\uff09\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u8bbe\u7acb\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\uff0c1\u5e74\u540e\u53c8\u5c06\u8fdc\u4e1c\u5206\u90e8\u4ece\u54c8\u5c14\u6ee8\u8fc1\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u63d0\u4f9b\u8054\u7cfb\u3001\u54a8\u8be2\u3001\u8d37\u6b3e\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u5408\u6551\u6d4e\u4f1a\uff08JDC\uff09\u4e0a\u6d77\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5728\u63f4\u52a9\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8d77\u6700\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6350\u52a9\u6551\u6d4e\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7ecf\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n

1941\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u5408\u6551\u6d4e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u652f\u6301\u5728\u6caa\u6210\u7acb\u63f4\u52a9\u4e1c\u6b27\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08EAST JEWCOM\u6216EJC\uff09\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u6551\u6d4e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0a\u6d77\u6ce2\u5170\u7c4d\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u3002\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u548c\u6551\u63f4\u673a\u6784\u4e0a\u6d77\u96be\u6c11\u6536\u5bb9\u6240\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u9752\u5e74\u4f1a\u7b49\u4e5f\u90fd\u6350\u6b3e\u5e2e\u52a9\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u4e00\u89c6\u540c\u4ec1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u6d77\u5e02\u6c11\u4e5f\u5728\u63a5\u7eb3\u548c\u5e2e\u52a9\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u201c\u516b\u4e00\u4e09\u201d\u6dde\u6caa\u6297\u6218\u540e\uff0c\u65e5\u5bc7\u5168\u9762\u4fb5\u5360\u4e0a\u6d77\u534e\u754c\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u5e02\u6c11\u81ea\u8eab\u4e5f\u9762\u4e34\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6295\u4eb2\u9760\u53cb\uff0c\u56db\u5904\u8eb2\u907f\u6816\u8eab\u3002\u4f46\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5927\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5e02\u6c11\u5728\u529b\u6240\u80fd\u53ca\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u65e0\u79c1\u5730\u7ed9\u4e88\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1939\u5e74\uff0cVera Voticky\u3001Eva Kanturek \u548c Milan Voticky \u4e09\u4f4d\u72b9\u592a\u513f\u7ae5\u4e0e\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e0a\u6d77\u5e02\u6c11\u5728\u821f\u5c71\u8def\u5e02\u573a\u644a\u4f4d\u524d\u5408\u5f71<\/p>\n

\u7279\u522b\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u8679\u53e3\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u672c\u5730\u6c11\u4f17\u514b\u670d\u79cd\u79cd\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u817e\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f4f\u623f\u7ed9\u96be\u6c11\u5c45\u4f4f\uff0c\u5728\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u533b\u9662\u5efa\u7acb\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u9662\u6536\u6cbb\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\uff0c\u62a2\u6551\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6587\u7ae0\u5f00\u5934\u6240\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u56de\u5fc6\u8d77\u4e0e\u4e0a\u6d77\u5e02\u6c11\u671d\u5915\u76f8\u5904\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u611f\u6168\u4e07\u5343\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u4e3a\u4f55\u5982\u6b64\u96c6\u4e2d\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u8679\u53e3\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e13\u5bb6\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u57fa\u672c\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u662f\u793e\u533a\u6c1b\u56f4\u3002\u524d\u6587\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bb2\u5230\uff0c\u65e9\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\u524d\u540e\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u72b9\u592a\u4fa8\u6c11\u5f00\u59cb\u9009\u62e9\u751f\u6d3b\u6210\u672c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f4e\u5ec9\u7684\u8679\u53e3\u5730\u533a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u805a\u5c45\u5730\uff08\u6709\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u8679\u53e3\u5730\u533a\u7269\u4ef7\u4e00\u822c\u6bd4\u4e0a\u6d77\u5176\u5b83\u5730\u533a\u4f4e30%\uff0c\u623f\u79df\u5219\u6bd4\u516c\u5171\u79df\u754c\u548c\u6cd5\u79df\u754c\u4f4e\u8fd175%\uff09\uff0c\u7199\u534e\u5fb7\u8def\u548c\u534e\u5fb7\u8def\u4e00\u5e26\u56e0\u4e3a\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u4f1a\u5802\u7684\u8bbe\u7acb\u800c\u6e10\u6e10\u5f62\u6210\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u6309\u7167\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u4e49\uff0c\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u516c\u5171\u4ea4\u901a\u90fd\u8981\u505c\u9a76\uff0c\u6559\u5f92\u9700\u6b65\u884c\u524d\u5f80\u4f1a\u5802\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u5802\u5468\u8fb9\u5c31\u4f1a\u6e10\u6e10\u5f62\u6210\u5c45\u4f4f\u793e\u533a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8679\u53e3\u5730\u533a\u539f\u8fdc\u79bb\u79df\u754c\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u57df\u2014\u2014\u5bcc\u6709\u7684\u8d5b\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u52bf\u529b\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8d5b\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u662f\u6551\u52a9\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8ba4\u7684\u662f\uff0c20\u4e16\u7eaa\u65e9\u671f\u6765\u6caa\u7684\u963f\u4ec0\u80af\u7eb3\u5179\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd8\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5fae\u5999\uff0c\u523b\u610f\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6d41\u4ea1\u7684\u767d\u4fc4\uff08\u975e\u72b9\u592a\u88d4\uff09\u5728\u6cd5\u79df\u754c\u7b49\u5730\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e0e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u7fa4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u4e00\u76f4\u6ca1\u6709\u95f4\u65ad\u8fc7\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9694\u9602\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u8679\u53e3\u5730\u533a\u5374\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u6210\u6c14\u5019\u7684\u53cd\u72b9\u601d\u6f6e\u548c\u53cd\u72b9\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u8ba9\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u611f\u5230\u6170\u85c9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u5c31\u662f\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u534e\u5fb7\u8def\u3001\u821f\u5c71\u8def\u3001\u6c47\u5c71\u8def\u90fd\u9760\u8fd1\u8679\u53e3\u7684\u7801\u5934\u5cb8\u7ebf\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u8fdc\u6d0b\u8f6e\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u505c\u9760\u70b9\u2014\u2014\u6c47\u5c71\u7801\u5934\u79bb\u5f00\u6469\u897f\u4f1a\u5802\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u201c\u8fd1\u5728\u54ab\u5c3a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1939\u5e74\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u6b27\u6d32\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u6d8c\u5165\u4e0a\u6d77\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7ecf\u7531\u610f\u5927\u5229\u6e2f\u53e3\uff0c\u642d\u4e58\u610f\u5927\u5229\u90ae\u8f6e\u62b5\u6caa\u3002\u56fe\u4e3a Conte Verde \u53f7\u90ae\u8f6e\u642d\u8f7d\u5965\u5730\u5229\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u62b5\u8fbe\u4e0a\u6d77\u6c47\u5c71\u7801\u5934<\/p>\n

2015\u5e74\uff0c\u66fe\u62c5\u4efb\u8fc7\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u9a7b\u4e0a\u6d77\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u7684\u67cf\u5b89\u4f26\uff08Arnon Prelman\uff09\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u91c7\u8bbf\u65f6\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u6210\u672c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u3001\u8679\u53e3\u6070\u597d\u4f4d\u4e8e\u62b5\u6caa\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u8239\u505c\u6cca\u5730\uff08\u6c47\u5c71\u7801\u5934\uff09\u3001\u5f53\u5730\u4e0a\u6d77\u4eba\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u5584\u610f\uff0c\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u4e50\u610f\u9009\u62e9\u8679\u53e3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u907f\u96be\u5730\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4f55\u51e4\u5c71\u5728\u7ef4\u4e5f\u7eb3\u5411\u96be\u6c11\u53d1\u653e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b7e\u8bc1\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8239\u53ea\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u505c\u6cca\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u8fd9\u91cc\u5df2\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u805a\u5c45\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5df2\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u82b1\u8d39\u5de8\u8d44\u6765\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u96be\u6c11\uff0c\u5c31\u8fd1\u7559\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ece\u7ecf\u6d4e\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u4f73\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n

1940\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u53c8\u53d1\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5f53\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5bf9\u82f1\u6cd5\u5ba3\u6218\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u5fb7\u610f\u5728\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u548c\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u4e0a\u5c55\u5f00\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u6d77\u7a7a\u6218\uff0c\u6218\u706b\u8fd8\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u5df4\u5c14\u5e72\u534a\u5c9b\u548c\u5317\u975e\u897f\u4e9a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6b27\u6d32\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u4ece\u6d77\u4e0a\u6765\u6caa\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u8def\u7ebf\u5168\u90e8\u88ab\u5207\u65ad\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u5fb7\u5965\u7b49\u4e2d\u6b27\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u5927\u591a\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u9646\u8def\u62b5\u8fbe\u610f\u5927\u5229\u70ed\u90a3\u4e9a\u3001\u91cc\u96c5\u65af\u7279\u7b49\u6e2f\u53e3\uff0c\u518d\u767b\u8239\u524d\u5f80\u4e0a\u6d77\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u96be\u6c11\u901a\u8fc7\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e1c\u5317\u3001\u671d\u9c9c\u751a\u81f3\u65e5\u672c\u8f97\u8f6c\u6765\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u5386\u7ecf\u5343\u8f9b\u4e07\u82e6\uff0c\u8017\u65f6\u6570\u6708\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u786e\u5207\u4eba\u6570\u5728\u53f2\u6599\u4e2d\u5f88\u5c11\u63d0\u53ca\uff0c\u6709\u4e13\u5bb6\u9884\u4f30\u4e3a2000\u4eba\u5de6\u53f3\u3002<\/p>\n

1941\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5165\u4fb5\u82cf\u8054\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u4ece\u9646\u8def\u6765\u6caa\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u88ab\u65ad\u7edd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ecd\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u6ede\u7559\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c400\u540d\u5bc6\u5c14\u7ecf\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u5362\u5e03\u6797\u7ecf\u5b66\u9662\u7b49\u72b9\u592a\u7ecf\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u5e08\u751f\u8f97\u8f6c\u62b5\u6caa\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u53ef\u8c13\u9887\u5177\u4f20\u5947\u8272\u5f69\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u57281939\u5e74\u5fb7\u56fd\u4fb5\u5360\u6ce2\u5170\u524d\u540e\u9646\u7eed\u9003\u5f80\u7acb\u9676\u5b9b\uff0c\u5728\u8d70\u6295\u65e0\u8def\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60f3\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9003\u79bb\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u5927\u80c6\u8ba1\u5212\uff1a\u4ee5\u524d\u5f80\u8377\u5170\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5e93\u62c9\u7d22\uff08Cura\u00e7ao\uff09\u4e3a\u7531\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u8fdb\u5165\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u8fc7\u5883\u7b7e\u8bc1\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8bbe\u6cd5\u4ece\u65e5\u672c\u53bb\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1941\u5e74\u62b5\u6caa\u7684\u6ce2\u5170\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\uff0c\u753b\u9762\u6b63\u4e2d\u7559\u957f\u987b\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5927\u62c9\u6bd4<\/p>\n

\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8270\u82e6\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u5230\u65e5\u672c\u9a7b\u7acb\u9676\u5b9b\u9886\u4e8b\u6749\u539f\u5343\u4ea9\u7684\u6697\u4e2d\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c45\u7136\u62ff\u5230\u53bb\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u8fc7\u5883\u7b7e\u8bc1\uff0c\u540e\u53c8\u83b7\u82cf\u8054\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u79bb\u5883\u8bb8\u53ef\uff0c\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u65c5\u884c\u793e\u7684\u5b89\u6392\u4e0b\u5750\u706b\u8f66\u6a2a\u8d8a\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u6765\u5230\u7b26\u62c9\u8fea\u6c83\u65af\u6258\u514b\uff08\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\uff09\uff0c\u518d\u4ece\u90a3\u91cc\u4e58\u8239\u62b5\u65e5\u672c\u795e\u6237\u3002\u5728\u795e\u6237\u6ede\u7559\u534a\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u8fdb\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7b7e\u8bc1\uff0c\u540e\u5728\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u72b9\u592a\u4ee3\u529e\u5904\u7279\u6d3e\u4ee3\u8868\u9f50\u62c9\u8d6b\u00b7\u74e6\u5c14\u54c8\u592b\u8482\u683c\uff08Zorach Warhaftig\uff09\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u6765\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u8bb8\u53ef\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1941\u5e74\u4e0b\u534a\u5e74\u5206\u6279\u6765\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u662f\u73cd\u73e0\u6e2f\u4e8b\u53d8\u524d\u6765\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6279\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u3002\u8fd9\u6279\u6ce2\u5170\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u4eba\u6570\u867d\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u6587\u5316\u7d20\u8d28\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u540e\u6765\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u201c\u4e0a\u6d77\u9694\u90fd\u201d\u7684\u8bbe\u7acb<\/strong><\/p>\n

1941\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e0e\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u9646\u4e0a\u548c\u6d77\u4e0a\u901a\u9053\u5168\u90e8\u88ab\u5c01\u9501\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u518d\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u62b5\u8fbe\u4e0a\u6d77\u3002\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u793e\u533a\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u73af\u5883\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u6ed1\u5411\u6781\u5176\u5371\u9669\u7684\u5883\u5730\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u4e0e\u82f1\u7f8e\u5f00\u6218\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u5360\u4e0a\u6d77\u79df\u754c\uff0c\u7f8e\u72b9\u8054\u5408\u5206\u914d\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7b49\u7ec4\u7ec7\u9075\u7167\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b49\u76df\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6709\u5173\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u505c\u6b62\u5411\u5904\u4e8e\u654c\u56fd\u65e5\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u6c47\u6b3e\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u5546\u5927\u591a\u5c5e\u82f1\u7c4d\u800c\u88ab\u5217\u4e3a\u201c\u654c\u4fa8\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u88ab\u96c6\u4e2d\u76d1\u7981\uff0c\u4e14\u4e27\u5931\u6240\u6709\u4ea7\u4e1a\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u63d0\u4f9b\u63f4\u52a9\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u793e\u533a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u7a98\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u9b54\u638c\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u4f38\u5411\u8fdc\u4e1c\u30021942\u5e74\uff0c\u76d6\u4e16\u592a\u4fdd\u9a7b\u65e5\u672c\u9996\u5e2d\u4ee3\u8868\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u6885\u8f9b\u683c\uff08Josef Meisinger\uff09\u4e0a\u6821\u62b5\u8fbe\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u5411\u65e5\u672c\u5f53\u5c40\u629b\u51fa\u201c\u6700\u540e\u89e3\u51b3\u201d\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff08Final Solution in Shanghai\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u201c\u6885\u8f9b\u683c\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\uff09\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u90aa\u6076\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5b66\u754c\u591a\u6709\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u4f46\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u793e\u533a\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u5c60\u6740\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1942\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u201c\u5174\u4e9a\u9662\u201d\u300a\u8c03\u67e5\u6708\u62a5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u5377\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f7\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4efd\u5173\u4e8e\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u6765\u6caa\u907f\u96be\u6c11\u603b\u8ba118527\u540d<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u603b\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u4ee5\u6349\u6478\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8bf4\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u5fb7\u56fd\u7eb3\u7cb9\u6c86\u7023\u4e00\u6c14\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u5f85\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u5374\u6709\u7740\u8f83\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u4e00\u5ea6\u63a8\u884c\u7684\u201c\u6276\u72b9\u4eb2\u72b9\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u662f\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u65e5\u672c\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3a\u4f55\u5141\u8bb8\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7ed9\u4e88\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u8bb8\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u767e\u601d\u4e0d\u89e3\u5e76\u529b\u5bfb\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u591a\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u65e5\u672c\u7edf\u6cbb\u96c6\u56e2\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u548c\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u201c\u6885\u8f9b\u683c\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u6700\u7ec8\u5e76\u672a\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002\u4f46\u57281943\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u5f53\u5c40\u8fd8\u662f\u641e\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u96c6\u4e2d\u8425\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u56fd\u7c4d\u96be\u6c11\u9694\u79bb\u533a\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u5404\u6d3e\u52bf\u529b\u8fbe\u6210\u59a5\u534f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

1943\u5e742\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u62a5\u7eb8\u548c\u7535\u53f0\u90fd\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e86\u5360\u9886\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u65e5\u5bc7\u5f53\u5c40\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u65e0\u56fd\u7c4d\u96be\u6c11\u4e4b\u5c45\u4f4f\u53ca\u8425\u4e1a\u4e4b\u5e03\u544a\u300b\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1943\u5e742\u670818\u65e5\u300a\u7533\u62a5\u300b\u4e5f\u520a\u53d1\u4e86\u201c\u65e0\u56fd\u7c4d\u96be\u6c11\u5c45\u4f4f\u8425\u4e1a\u533a\u57df\u201d\u5e03\u544a<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u300a\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u8bb0\u4e8b\u62a5\u300b\uff08Shanghai JewishChronicle\uff091943\u5e742\u670818\u65e5\u4e5f\u520a\u53d1\u4e86\u201c\u65e0\u56fd\u7c4d\u96be\u6c11\u5c45\u4f4f\u8425\u4e1a\u533a\u57df\u201d\u5e03\u544a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4efd\u4e0a\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u4e8e1939\u5e74\u81f31948\u5e74\u95f4\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u5fb7\u6587\u62a5\u7eb8\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u662f\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u8bfb\u8005\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6d41\u4ea1\u8005\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5bb6\u56ed\u201d<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u81ea\u5f53\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u5212\u5b9a\u516c\u5171\u79df\u754c\u5185\u5146\u4e30\u8def\uff08\u4eca\u9ad8\u9633\u8def\uff09\u3001\u8302\u6d77\u8def\uff08\u4eca\u6d77\u95e8\u8def\uff09\u53ca\u9093\u8131\u8def\uff08\u4eca\u4e39\u5f92\u8def\uff09\u4e00\u7ebf\u4ee5\u4e1c\uff0c\u6768\u6811\u6d66\u6cb3\uff08\u4eca\u6768\u6811\u6d66\u6e2f\uff09\u4ee5\u897f\uff0c\u4e1c\u7199\u534e\u5fb7\u8def\uff08\u4eca\u4e1c\u957f\u6cbb\u8def\uff09\u3001\u8302\u6d77\u8def\u53ca\u6c47\u5c71\u8def\uff08\u4eca\u970d\u5c71\u8def\uff09\u4e00\u7ebf\u4ee5\u5317\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u79df\u754c\u4e4b\u754c\u7ebf\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u516c\u5171\u79df\u754c\u4e1c\u533a\u7684\u5317\u754c\uff09\u4ee5\u5357\uff0c\u65b9\u5706\u7ea61\u82f1\u91cc\u7684\u533a\u57df\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u65e0\u56fd\u7c4d\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u5c45\u4f4f\u548c\u8425\u4e1a\u533a\u57df\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u533a\u57df\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u65e0\u56fd\u7c4d\u96be\u6c11\u4e5f\u5e94\u57285\u670818\u65e5\u524d\u5c06\u5176\u4f4f\u6240\u6216\u8425\u4e1a\u6240\u8fc1\u79fb\u81f3\u524d\u9879\u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u5730\u57df\u5185\u3002\u9664\u65e0\u56fd\u7c4d\u96be\u6c11\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7b49\u975e\u5f97\u8bb8\u53ef\uff0c\u6982\u4e0d\u51c6\u8fc1\u79fb\u81f3\u7b2c\u4e00\u9879\u6240\u5f00\u5730\u57df\u5185\u3002\u51e1\u8fdd\u53cd\u5e03\u544a\u6216\u6709\u59a8\u788d\u5e03\u544a\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u8005\uff0c\u5c06\u4e25\u60e9\u4e0d\u8d37\u3002<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u5e03\u544a\u4e2d\u672a\u7528\u201c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u5b57\u6837\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u5e03\u544a\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c06\u201c\u65e0\u56fd\u7c4d\u96be\u6c11\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c1937\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u7531\u5fb7\u56fd\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5965\u5730\u5229\u548c\u6377\u514b\uff09\u3001\u5308\u7259\u5229\u548c\u4ee5\u524d\u6ce2\u5170\u3001\u62c9\u8131\u7ef4\u4e9a\u3001\u7acb\u9676\u5b9b\u3001\u7231\u6c99\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7b49\u56fd\u6765\u4e0a\u6d77\u907f\u96be\u81f3\u4eca\u65e0\u56fd\u7c4d\u8005\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u6307\u5411\u6b27\u6d32\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u786e\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u7247\u533a\u57df\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u4fd7\u79f0\u4e3a\u201cShanghai Ghetto\u201d\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u4e0a\u6d77\u9694\u90fd\u201d\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u97f3\u548c\u542b\u4e49\u6765\u8bb2\u5012\u662f\u86ee\u8d34\u5207\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u540d\u79f0\u662f\u201c\u65e0\u56fd\u7c4d\u96be\u6c11\u9694\u79bb\u533a\u201d\u3002\u636e\u76f8\u5173\u53f2\u6599\uff0c\u9694\u79bb\u533a\u5185\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u603b\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u57282\u4e07\u5de6\u53f3\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u5bc7\u5f53\u5c40\u5411\u201c\u65e0\u56fd\u7c4d\u96be\u6c11\u9694\u79bb\u533a\u201d\u5185\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u8bc1\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\u821f\u5c71\u8def\uff0c\u4fee\u7b51\u4e8e20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u671f\u3002\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u4e0a\u6d77\u6709\u4e24\u6761\u201c\u821f\u5c71\u8def\u201d\uff0c\u4e00\u6761\u5728\u5357\u5e02\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u73b0\u4eca\u9f99\u6f6d\u8def\u7684\u524d\u8eab\u3002\u4e00\u6761\u5c31\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u8679\u53e3\u533a\u7684\u821f\u5c71\u8def\uff09\u82f1\u6587\u4e3aChusan Road\uff0c\u56e0\u66fe\u7ecf\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u805a\u5c45\u533a\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u4e8e\u4e16\u3002\u5357\u8d77\u970d\u5c71\u8def\uff0c\u5317\u81f3\u5cb3\u5dde\u8def\u3002\u957f\u4e00\u516c\u91cc\u591a\uff0c\u5bbd10\u7c73\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u8fd9\u6761\u77ed\u77ed\u7684\u5c0f\u9a6c\u8def\uff0c\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa30\u81f340\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u9ad8\u5cf0\u65f6\u671f\u805a\u96c6\u4e86\u6570\u5341\u5bb6\u72b9\u592a\u5546\u53f7\u3002\u5176\u4e0e\u5468\u8fb9\u7684\u970d\u5c71\u8def\u3001\u534e\u5fb7\u8def\u3001\u8302\u6d77\u8def\u7b49\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u65e0\u56fd\u7c4d\u96be\u6c11\u9694\u79bb\u533a\u201d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

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20\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u522b\u53d1\u6d0b\u884c\uff08Kelly& Walsh \uff09\u520a\u5370\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u5730\u56fe\u4e2d\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u56fd\u7c4d\u96be\u6c11\u9694\u79bb\u533a\u201d<\/p>\n

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1939\u5e74\uff0c\u821f\u5c71\u8def\u4e0a\u4e00\u5bb6\u540d\u4e3a\u201c Dental Clinic of LeoMargoliner\u201d\u7684\u7259\u533b\u8bca\u6240\u95e8\u53e3\uff0c\u4e24\u4f4d\u4e0a\u6d77\u513f\u7ae5\u548c\u4e00\u4f4d\u72b9\u592a\u513f\u7ae5\u5728\u73a9\u800d<\/p>\n

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1939\u5e74\uff0c\u821f\u5c71\u8def\u6c47\u5c71\u8def\uff08\u4eca\u970d\u5c71\u8def\uff09\u8def\u53e3\u4e1c\u671b\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\u821f\u5c71\u8def\u8def\u724c\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u644a\u8d29\u53ca\u72b9\u592a\u5c45\u6c11<\/p>\n

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1939\u5e74\uff0c\u821f\u5c71\u8def42\u53f7 Wiener-Konditorei Restaurant \u5916\u666f<\/p>\n

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1939\u5e74\uff0c\u821f\u5c71\u8def51\u53f7 Henner Provision Store \u7531\u5185\u671b\u5916\u89c6\u89d2<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6076\u52a3\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u6c11\u65cf\u575a\u97e7\u548c\u4e50\u89c2\u7684\u6027\u683c\u5f97\u5230\u5145\u5206\u5f70\u663e\u3002\u5728\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u61c8\u52aa\u529b\u548c\u70ed\u5fc3\u672c\u5730\u5e02\u6c11\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u71ac\u8fc7\u4e86\u6700\u56f0\u82e6\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u867d\u8bf4\u662f\u201c\u9694\u79bb\u533a\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u636e\u5f88\u591a\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u56de\u5fc6\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5f53\u65f6\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u672c\u5730\u5c45\u6c11\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u79bb\u5f00\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u6570\u4e07\u56fd\u4eba\u4e0e\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u662f\u540c\u821f\u5171\u6d4e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8457\u540d\u72b9\u592a\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u5927\u536b\u00b7\u67ef\u5170\u5179\u52d2\uff08David Kranzler\uff09\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u3001\u7eb3\u7cb9\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff1a\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u793e\u533a\uff0c1938\u20131945\u300b\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u5230\uff1a\u201c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c16000\u540d\u96be\u6c11\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u7ea6\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u514b\u670d\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5728\u9694\u90fd\u5916\u627e\u5230\u751f\u8ba1\u548c\u4f4f\u5904\uff0c\u53c8\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u8feb\u79bb\u5f00\u4f4f\u6240\u548c\u751f\u610f\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u7f6e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5230\u4e00\u5e73\u65b9\u82f1\u91cc\u7684\u62e5\u6324\u3001\u80ae\u810f\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u4f30\u8ba1\u6709100000\u540d\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u548c8000\u540d\u96be\u6c11\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

1942\u20141944\u5e74\u5bf9\u5728\u6caa\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u6700\u8270\u96be\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4eba\u6570\u76f4\u7ebf\u4e0a\u5347\u4fbf\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a1940\u5e74\u4e00\u767e\u4e09\u5341\u4eba\uff0c1941\u5e74\u4e00\u767e\u516d\u5341\u4e03\u4eba\uff0c1942\u5e74\u4e09\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u4eba\uff0c1943\u5e74\u4e09\u767e\u5341\u4e00\u4eba\u3002\u7279\u522b\u57281943\u5e742\u6708\u88ab\u8feb\u8fc1\u5165\u8679\u53e3\u9694\u79bb\u533a\u540e\uff0c\u5f62\u52bf\u66f4\u4e3a\u9669\u6076\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u9760\u4e5e\u8ba8\u5ea6\u65e5\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecd\u80fd\u56e2\u7ed3\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u540c\u821f\u5171\u6d4e\u3002\u96be\u6c11\u4eec\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u4e50\u961f\u548c\u8db3\u7403\u961f\uff0c\u5728\u8679\u53e3\u90a3\u4e9b\u72ed\u5c0f\u7684\u8857\u5df7\u91cc\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6587\u827a\u4f53\u80b2\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e50\u89c2\u7cbe\u795e\u6d88\u78e8\u90a3\u8270\u82e6\u7684\u65f6\u5149\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u96be\u6c11\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u6d41\u52a8\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u56fe\u4e66\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u56f0\u96be\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u4e3a\u96be\u6c11\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u7cbe\u795e\u98df\u7cae\u3002<\/p>\n

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20\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u4e1c\u4f59\u676d\u8def\u8857\u666f\uff08\u821f\u5c71\u8def\u5b89\u56fd\u8def\u4e4b\u95f4\uff09<\/p>\n

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\u6b63\u5728\u8bfb\u62a5\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11<\/p>\n

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20\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u8db3\u7403\u6bd4\u8d5b\u3002\u5730\u70b9\u63a8\u6d4b\u662f\u73b0\u4eca\u5e02\u4e1c\u4e2d\u5b66\u64cd\u573a<\/p>\n

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20\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u7684ZumWeissen R\u00f6ss’\u5916\u666f\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u4fd7\u79f0\u201c\u767d\u9a6c\u5496\u5561\u9986\u201d\uff0c\u770b\u753b\u9762\u72b9\u592a\u5c45\u6c11\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5728\u62a2\u6551\u706b\u60c5\u3002\u8fd9\u5bb6\u5496\u5561\u9986\u539f\u5740\u4f4d\u4e8e\u957f\u9633\u8def\u4e34\u6f7c\u8def\u897f\u5357\u8f6c\u89d2\uff0c\u540e\u88ab\u62c6\u9664\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u4e3a\u8fc1\u5efa\uff0c\u6309\u539f\u6837\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n

\u4f4d\u4e8e\u821f\u5c71\u8def\u548c\u6c47\u5c71\u8def\u53e3\u897f\u5317\u89d2\u7684\u767e\u8001\u6c47\u5927\u620f\u9662\u5c4b\u9876\u82b1\u56ed\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd9\u5757\u5f39\u4e38\u4e4b\u5730\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u5185\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6570\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u4f4f\u623f\u5c1a\u4e14\u7d27\u5f20\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6237\u5916\u573a\u6240\u5c31\u66f4\u5c11\u3002\u52a0\u4e4b\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u672c\u8eab\u559c\u6b22\u6237\u5916\u4f11\u95f2\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u5f53\u65f6\u8f83\u4e3a\u62ee\u636e\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u627e\u5bfb\u548c\u5e75\u8f9f\u65e2\u80fd\u6237\u5916\u6d88\u95f2\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b9e\u60e0\u7684\u3001\u80fd\u591f\u5171\u540c\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u53bb\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n

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20\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u767e\u8001\u6c47\u5927\u620f\u9662\u5c4b\u9876\u82b1\u56ed\uff08\u4e1c\u5317\u671b\u89c6\u89d2\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5f53\u65f6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aRoy’s Roof Garden Caf\u00e9\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u4e3a57 wayside Road\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u73b0\u4eca\u970d\u5c71\u8def57\u53f7\u3002\u6b64\u5730\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u573a\u6240\u4e4b\u4e00<\/p>\n

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\u767e\u8001\u6c47\u5927\u620f\u9662\u5c4b\u9876\u82b1\u56ed\u5496\u5561\u684c\u8fb9\u4f11\u95f2\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u4fc3\u52a8\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u767e\u8001\u6c47\u5927\u620f\u9662\u5c4b\u9876\u88ab\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u79df\u7528\u6539\u4f5c\u82b1\u56ed\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u793e\u4ea4\u3001\u4f11\u95f2\u3001\u805a\u4f1a\u7684\u597d\u53bb\u5904\u3002\u767e\u8001\u6c47\u5927\u620f\u9662\u7684\u5c4b\u9876\u82b1\u56ed\u867d\u7136\u5341\u5206\u7b80\u964b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u88ab\u5e03\u7f6e\u5f97\u5341\u5206\u7cbe\u81f4\uff0c\u7d27\u5bc6\u6392\u5217\u7684\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u94fa\u6709\u767d\u8272\u7684\u684c\u5e03\u3001\u4f11\u95f2\u7684\u8eba\u6905\u8ba9\u4eba\u7cbe\u795e\u6109\u60a6\u3001\u70b9\u7f00\u5176\u95f4\u7684\u7eff\u8272\u76c6\u683d\u66f4\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u51e0\u5206\u751f\u673a\u3002\u5c4b\u9876\u82b1\u56ed\u5f00\u9614\u7684\u89c6\u91ce\u5927\u6982\u4e5f\u80fd\u52fe\u8d77\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u672a\u6765\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u548c\u5bf9\u8fdc\u65b9\u5bb6\u4e61\u7684\u601d\u5ff5\u4e4b\u60c5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u6781\u5927\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6170\u85c9\uff0c\u7edc\u7ece\u4e0d\u7edd\u7684\u5ba2\u6d41\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u8138\u4e0a\u90fd\u6d6e\u73b0\u7740\u6de1\u5b9a\u7684\u7b11\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

1945\u5e748\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u65e5\u5bc7\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u6295\u964d\uff0c\u4e8c\u6218\u843d\u4e0b\u5e37\u5e55\u3002\u5728\u5f97\u77e5\u6b27\u6d32\u53d1\u751f\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u66f4\u662f\u767e\u611f\u4ea4\u96c6\u3002\u867d\u7136\u751f\u6d3b\u8270\u82e6\uff0c\u4f46\u6bd4\u8d77\u6b27\u6d32\u540c\u80de\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7b80\u76f4\u5c31\u662f\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5929\u5802\u3002\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u54c8\u7f57\u5fb7\u00b7\u7b80\u514b\u7f57\u7ef4\u5947\u5c31\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u77e5\u7559\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u60b2\u60e8\u906d\u9047\uff0c\u8fd9\u624d\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u4e8c\u6218\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6bd4\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4eff\u4f5b\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5929\u5802\u3002\u611f\u8c22\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba!\u201d\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u540e\u4ee3\u8bf4\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bdd\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u4eec\u8981\u591a\u770b\u770b\u5386\u53f2\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u4e66\u4e2d\u600e\u6837\u8bb0\u8f7d\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u5f85\u5927\u91cf\u6d8c\u5165\u7684\u96be\u6c11\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u8d76\u8d70\u6216\u6740\u5bb3\u4efb\u4f55\u96be\u6c11\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u7c4d\u3001\u8bf4\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5929\u5802\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

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\u8fd9\u5e451945\u5e74\u62cd\u6444\u7684\u821f\u5c71\u8def54\u5f04\u5f04\u53e3\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u4e3a\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u4e00\u5f20\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u533a\u5f71\u50cf<\/p>\n

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1945\u5e74\uff0c\u821f\u5c71\u8def\u8857\u666f\uff08\u5317\u671b\u957f\u9633\u8def\u89c6\u89d2\uff09<\/p>\n

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1945\u5e74\uff0c\u4e1c\u957f\u6cbb\u8def961\u5f04\u5185\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u540e\u8bb0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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1948\u5e74\u7b7e\u53d1\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u6ce2\u5170\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u4ece\u4e0a\u6d77\u524d\u5f80\u7ebd\u7ea6\u7684\u7b7e\u8bc1<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

2013\u5e745\u67087\u65e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u603b\u7406\u5185\u5854\u5c3c\u4e9a\u80e1\u53c2\u89c2\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7eaa\u5ff5\u9986<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

2017\u5e74\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u7eaa\u5ff5\u9986\uff08\u6469\u897f\u4f1a\u5802\u65e7\u5740\uff09\u5916\u666f<\/p>\n

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