\u90d1\u975e\/\u6587<\/p>\n
\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u9677\u5728\u6218\u4e89\u6ce5\u6f6d\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u628a\u8fd9\u573a\u6218\u4e89\u770b\u6210\u662f\u6781\u5177\u6709\u6807\u5fd7\u6027\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8f6c\u6298\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00<\/p>\n
\u4fc4\u4e4c\u51b2\u7a81\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\uff1f\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u5bf9\u5317\u7ea6\u7684\u4e1c\u6269\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5b89\u5168\u533a\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u4e5f\u8fd9\u4e48\u8ba4\u4e3a\u3002\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u897f\u90e8\u8fb9\u5883\uff08\u4e0d\u7b97\u52a0\u91cc\u5b81\u683c\u52d2\u8fd9\u4e2a\u98de\u5730\u7684\u8bdd\uff09\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u7231\u6c99\u5c3c\u4e9a\u3001\u62c9\u8131\u7ef4\u4e9a\u3001\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u548c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7231\u6c99\u5c3c\u4e9a\u548c\u62c9\u8131\u7ef4\u4e9a\u65e9\u5df2\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u5317\u7ea6\uff0c\u8ddf\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u56fd\u5883\u7ebf\u63a5\u58e4\u5e76\u4e0d\u77ed\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u6076\u611f\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u662f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u7cbe\u534e\u5730\u533a\u3002\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u5317\u7ea6\u4e1c\u6269\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u624d\u662f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u52a0\u5165\u5317\u7ea6\u5bf9\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5a01\u80c1\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u519b\u4e8b\u4e0a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u8fd8\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u51fa\u5175\u62ef\u6551\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4e1c\u90e8\u7684\u4fc4\u88d4\u5c45\u6c11\u3002\u4f46\u57fa\u8f85\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3001\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7814\u7a76\u7ec4\u7ec7\u201c\u52d2\u74e6\u8fbe\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08LevadaCenter\uff09\u201d\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6c11\u8c03\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u5bf9\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4e00\u76f4\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u6b63\u5411\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u76f4\u52302014\u5e74\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u541e\u5e76\u514b\u91cc\u7c73\u4e9a\u540e\u624d\u53d1\u751f\u9006\u8f6c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u76f4\u52302021\u5e742\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u5bf9\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6301\u53cb\u597d\u6001\u5ea6\u548c\u6301\u538c\u6076\u6001\u5ea6\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u4ecd\u7136\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u4e1c\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u77db\u76fe\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5230\u4f60\u6b7b\u6211\u6d3b\u7684\u5730\u6b65\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u73b0\u603b\u7edf\u6cfd\u8fde\u65af\u57fa\u4e0a\u53f0\u7684\u653f\u7eb2\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u8c03\u548c\u4e1c\u90e8\u548c\u897f\u90e8\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd8\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u666e\u4eac\u4e3a\u4e86\u8f6c\u79fb\u5185\u90e8\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u5192\u9669\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u53bb\u770b\u770b\u666e\u91d1\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u652f\u6301\u7387\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u86ee\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u4fc4\u4e4c\u51b2\u7a81\u53d1\u751f\u524d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8ff9\u8c61\u663e\u793a\u4ed6\u4e2a\u4eba\u9762\u4e34\u4efb\u4f55\u91cd\u5927\u653f\u6cbb\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n
\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u7206\u53d1\u4fc4\u4e4c\u51b2\u7a81\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6392\u9664\u6389\u4e00\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u529f\u4e1a\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u9879\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5907\u9009\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u770b\u770b\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002\u9996\u5148\u662f\u666e\u4eac\u57282022\u5e742\u670821\u65e5\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u201c\u5947\u602a\u7684\u201d\u6f14\u8bb2\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bb2\u6f14\u4e2d\uff0c\u666e\u4eac\u82b1\u4e86\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u90bb\u56fd\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u7740\u91cd\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u6ca1\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u662f\u5217\u5b81\u4e0e\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u4eba\u4e3a\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u65b0\u95fb\u673a\u67842022\u5e742\u670826\u65e5\u4e0d\u7ea6\u800c\u540c\u53d1\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8bf4\u5f97\u66f4\u6e05\u695a\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u201c\u5f17\u62c9\u57fa\u7c73\u5c14.\u666e\u4eac\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e0d\u628a\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u7559\u7ed9\u540e\u4ee3\uff0c\u6beb\u4e0d\u5938\u5f20\u5730\u8bf4,\u662f\u627f\u62c5\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5386\u53f2\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u51fa\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u6210\u4e3a\u53cd\u4fc4\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u65bd\u538b\u7684\u524d\u54e8\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u4ec5\u6392\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u22ef\u22ef\u9996\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u88c2\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u60c5\u7ed3\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u5c48\u8fb1\u7684\u60c5\u7ed3\u2014\u2014\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5bb6\u5ead\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u652f\u67f1\uff08\u57fa\u8f85\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u4e24\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u22ef\u22ef\u73b0\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u5df2\u7ecf\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5730\u4f4d\u5c06\u88ab\u6e05\u7b97\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5c06\u88ab\u91cd\u7ec4\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u5e76\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u56de\u5230\u5176\u81ea\u7136\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f62\u5f0f\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u8054\u5408\uff1f\u8fd9\u5c06\u5728\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u53cd\u4fc4\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5206\u88c2\u65f6\u671f\u90fd\u5c06\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u53f7\u79f0\u201c\u5fa1\u7528\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u201d\u7684\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u675c\u91d1\u57282022\u5e742\u670826\u65e5\u8bb2\u8bdd\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u201c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5411\u5217\u5b81\u521b\u9020\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u8bf4\u518d\u89c1\u5427\u22ef\u22ef\u5bf9\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u897f\u90e8\u519b\u4e8b\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4e1c\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u800c\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u4e1c\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\uff08\u5c0f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u3001\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u548c\u5927\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\uff09\u7edf\u4e00\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8054\u76df\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6b27\u4e9a\u8054\u76df\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8111\u6d77\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91c7\u53d6\u73b0\u4eca\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5c0a\u91cd\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u5904\u4e8e\u8857\u5792\u7684\u4e24\u4fa7\u22ef\u22ef\u800c\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a\u2018\u5144\u5f1f\u4eec\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6218\u4e89\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u652f\u6301\u6446\u8131\u4efb\u4f55\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u6bd4\u4f60\u4eec\u66f4\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u628a\u4f60\u4eec\u7eb3\u5165\u6211\u4eec\u7684empire\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e25\u8083\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e11\u822c\u6b47\u65af\u5e95\u91cc\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8a00\u8bba\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5f88\u663e\u7136\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5165\u4fb5\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u77eb\u6b63\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e1c\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u518d\u7edf\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c<\/p>\n
\u56de\u987e\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4e0e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u8bb2\u4e1c\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u4eba\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u89c9\u5f97\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u662f\u4e1c\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u548c\u6b63\u7edf\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u906e\u853d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u770b\u5386\u53f2\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u4e1c\u6b27\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u3001\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e1c\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u57fa\u8f85\u7f57\u65af\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u57fa\u8f85\u7f57\u65af\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4e1c\u6b27\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u4e0d\u50cf\u73b0\u5728\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u8eab\u4efd\u8fd8\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ef\u7591\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u57fa\u8f85\u7f57\u65af\u8ddf\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u8981\u7d27\u5bc6\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u57fa\u8f85\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u96c5\u7f57\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u53f7\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u5cb3\u7236\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b27\u6d32\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u90fd\u4e89\u5148\u6050\u540e\u7684\u8fce\u5a36\u4ed6\u7684\u59b9\u59b9\u548c\u5973\u513f\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5973\u513f\u5b89\u5a1c\u5ac1\u7ed9\u4e86\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u738b\u4ea8\u5229\u4e00\u4e16\u3002\u5f53\u5979\u5ac1\u5230\u5df4\u9ece\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5199\u4fe1\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\uff0c\u8bf4\u65b0\u5bb6\u201c\u5c4b\u5b87\u660f\u6697\uff0c\u6559\u5802\u7b80\u964b\uff0c\u4e60\u4fd7\u4ee4\u4eba\u538c\u6076\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7247\u86ee\u8352\u4e4b\u5730\u3002\u201d\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u5b89\u5a1c\u7684\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u5df4\u9ece\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u57fa\u8f85\u76f8\u63d0\u5e76\u8bba\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u57fa\u8f85\u7f57\u65af\u4ece\u516c\u514310\u4e16\u7eaa\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u76f4\u7ef4\u6301\u5230\u4e8613\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u3002\u5728\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5206\u88c2\u5272\u636e\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u516c\u56fd\uff0c\u6709\u70b9\u50cf\u4e1c\u5468\u6625\u79cb\u7684\u6a21\u6837\u3002\u8c01\u662f\u57fa\u8f85\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u8005\uff1f\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e1c\u4e00\u897f\u800c\u6765\u300213\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u8499\u53e4\u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u539f\u6709\u5404\u516c\u56fd\u6216\u706d\u6216\u964d\uff0c\u57fa\u8f85\u7f57\u65af\u706d\u4ea1\u3002\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u865a\u5f31\uff0c\u6ce2\u5170\/\u7acb\u9676\u5b9b\uff081568\u5e74\u4e24\u56fd\u5408\u5e76\uff09\u4e5f\u4ece\u897f\u65b9\u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u9010\u6b21\u541e\u5e76\u4e86\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u73b0\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u548c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u7f57\u65af\u4e1c\u897f\u5206\u88c2\u4e4b\u52bf\u9020\u5c31\u3002\u5728\u897f\uff0c\u662f\u6ce2\u5170\/\u7acb\u9676\u5b9b\u8d35\u65cf\u5171\u548c\u56fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u6587\u660e\u897f\u6765\u7684\u59ff\u6001\u5448\u73b0\u4e8e\u4e16\u3002\u5728\u4e1c\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u516c\u56fd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f62\u52bf\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u5927\u5510\u5d29\u6e83\u540e\uff0c\u5b8b\u8fbd\u4e24\u56fd\u5404\u81ea\u4ee5\u5927\u5510\u7ee7\u627f\u8005\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u81ea\u5c45\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u5317\u671d\u3001\u5357\u671d\uff1b\u5728\u7f57\u65af\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e1c\u671d\u3001\u897f\u671d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u548c\u6ce2\u5170\u4e24\u56fd\u7531\u4e8e\u4e89\u593a\u7f57\u65af\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u7f18\u6545\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u90fd\u662f\u6b7b\u654c\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c1830\u5e7411\u6708\u6ce2\u5170\u534e\u6c99\u8d77\u4e49\u540e\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u8bd7\u4eba\u666e\u5e0c\u91d1\u5c31\u5728\u4e00\u9996\u8bd7\u4e2d\u5927\u58f0\u95ee\u9053\u201c\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u8bf8\u56fd\u7684\u6eaa\u6d41\u4f1a\u6d41\u5165\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5927\u6d77\u5417\uff1f\u6216\u8005\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5927\u6d77\u5c06\u8981\u5e72\u6db8\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u3002\u5728\u6ce2\u51701863\u5e74\u8d77\u4e49\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u5a92\u4f53\u4eba\u53eb\u505a\u7c73\u54c8\u4f9d\u5c14\u00b7\u5361\u7279\u79d1\u592b\uff0c\u53f7\u53ec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u5207\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u9547\u538b\u8d77\u4e49\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3001\u4fe1\u5949\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u6ce2\u5170\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f1a\u7ed9\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5efa\u8bbe\u5e26\u6765\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u5e76\u5b58\u5c06\u4f1a\u6495\u88c2\u8fd9\u5757\u5927\u5730\u4e0a\u7684\u4f17\u591a\u5fc3\u7075\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6c11\u65cf(\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u548c\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba)\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u603b\u662f\u7ed9\u51fa\u751f\u6b7b\u6538\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e76\u5b58\u7684\u654c\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u6b7b\u654c\u201d\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6001\u5ea6\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u5361\u7279\u79d1\u592b\u72ec\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u5728\u4e1c\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u8fd9\u7247\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u8ba4\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u8fd9\u5757\u62db\u724c\uff0c\u8ba4\u540c\u6ce2\u5170\u6587\u5316\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ce2\u5170\u738b\u56fd\u80fd\u591f\u633a\u8fc718\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u4fc4\u3001\u5965\u3001\u666e\u201c\u4e09\u5bb6\u5206\u664b\u201d\uff081772-1795\u5e74\u5bf9\u6ce2\u5170\u7684\u4e09\u6b21\u74dc\u5206\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u738b\u56fd\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u6ce2\u5170\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u56fd\u65cf\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u4e00\u5982\u6cd5\u5170\u897f\u4e0e\u82f1\u5409\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6ce2\u5170\u738b\u56fd\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u5fe7\u7684\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u8fd1\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6ce2\u5170\u738b\u56fd\u65e5\u76ca\u8870\u5f31\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u5176\u653f\u5236\u8fc7\u4e8e\u677e\u6563\u3001\u5206\u88c2\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u6ce2\u5170\u8bed\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6709\u70b9\u201c\u5185\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u5473\u9053\uff0c\u6b64\u79cd\u59ff\u6001\u5c24\u5176\u663e\u73b0\u5728\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u4e0e\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u4e0b\u5c42\u8d35\u65cf\u4e0e\u519c\u6c11\u5f80\u5f80\u8981\u53d7\u5230\u6ce2\u5170\u8d35\u65cf\u4e0e\u5730\u4e3b\u7684\u652f\u914d\uff08\u4e2d\u4e0a\u5c42\u8d35\u65cf\u5219\u6ce2\u5170\u5316\u4e86\uff09\u3002\u8482\u83ab\u897f\u00b7\u65af\u5948\u5fb7\u5728\u300a\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u91cd\u5efa\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a1569\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6ce2\u5170\u5bb6\u65cf\u5728\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6ce2\u5170\u58eb\u5175\u4ee5\u53ca\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u52a9\u624b\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u519c\u6c11\u7531\u6b64\u9677\u5165\u8d64\u8d2b\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u65f6\u4eba\u7684\u62b1\u6028\u662f\u201c\uff08\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\uff09\u88ab\u89c6\u4f5c\u4f4e\u4eba\u4e00\u7b49\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u5974\u96b6\u6216\u4f8d\u5973\u22ef\u22ef\u201d<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u6b67\u89c6\uff0c\u57281648\u5e74\u52301657\u5e74\u95f4\u5728\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u5c31\u7206\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u58f0\u52bf\u6d69\u5927\u7684\u54e5\u8428\u514b\u8d77\u4e49\u3002\u8d77\u4e49\u7684\u54e5\u8428\u514b\u9886\u8896\u8d6b\u6885\u5c14\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u662f\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8d35\u65cf\uff0c\u4e0e\u6ce2\u5170\u5bab\u5ef7\u5173\u7cfb\u751a\u6df1\u3002\u8d6b\u6885\u5c14\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u7387\u9886\u54e5\u8428\u514b\u8d77\u4e49\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u7684\u7f18\u7531\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f4d\u6ce2\u5170\u5b98\u5458\u7a83\u53d6\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u5730\u4ea7\u3001\u8c0b\u6740\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u513f\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u5411\u6ce2\u5170\u5bab\u5ef7\u7533\u8bc9\u672a\u679c\u3002\u4ed6\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u5927\u6279\u4eba\u624b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ce2\u5170\u8d35\u65cf\u5bf9\u571f\u5730\u7684\u4fb5\u5360\u5bfc\u81f4\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u519c\u6c11\u9003\u5411\u8fb9\u5883\u6210\u4e3a\u54e5\u8428\u514b\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u54e5\u8428\u514b\u53db\u4e71\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u6210\u662f\u62e5\u6709\u519b\u4e8b\u6b66\u88c5\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u5e95\u5c42\u8d35\u65cf\u4e0e\u519c\u6c11\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7f3a\u4e4f\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\uff08\u7531\u6b64\u800c\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5265\u593a\uff09\u6240\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u54e5\u8428\u514b\u7684\u4f01\u56fe\u662f\u5728\u6ce2\u5170\u56fd\u5bb6\u91cc\u9762\u4e89\u53d6\u81ea\u6cbb\u3002\u5230\u540e\u6765\u8ddf\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u4f5c\u6218\u4e0d\u5229\uff0c\u8d6b\u6885\u5c14\u5c3c\u8328\u57fa\u5411\u56db\u65b9\u6c42\u63f4\u3001\u79f0\u81e3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5411\u514b\u91cc\u7c73\u4e9a\u6c57\u56fd\u3001\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u571f\u8033\u5176\u5e1d\u56fd\u3001\u54c8\u5e03\u65af\u5821\u738b\u671d\u90fd\u6c42\u8fc7\u63f4\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u613f\u610f\u5f52\u987a\u3002\u540e\u6765\u624d\u540c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\u7b7e\u8ba2\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u613f\u610f\u5185\u5c5e\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u4e5f\u540c\u610f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8001\u5b9e\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4e1c\u90e8\u7684\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5185\u5c5e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5176\u5b9e\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u5927\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u610f\u89c1\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u519c\u6c11\u548c\u6ce2\u5170\u5730\u4e3b\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6301\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u5c0f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u519c\u6c11\u9636\u5c42\u9700\u8981\u8ddf\u5e1d\u56fd\u8054\u76df\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u53d7\u6ce2\u5170\u5730\u4e3b\u548c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u4fb5\u5bb3\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5929\u4e0b\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6700\u65e9\u5bf9\u4fc4\u3001\u4e4c\u540c\u6e90\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5176\u5b9e\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u57fa\u8f85\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u6559\u58eb\u4eec\u4e3a\u4e86\u540c\u6ce2\u5170\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f9d\u9644\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u6837\u4fe1\u5949\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u7684\u5f3a\u6743\u975e\u5e38\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6559\u58eb\u4eec\u57281674\u5e74\u7f16\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u7f16\u5e74\u53f2\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u300a\u7565\u8981\u300b\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u65af\u62c9\u592b-\u7f57\u65af\u6c11\u65cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u88ab\u6c99\u7687\u4eec\u5927\u529b\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u540e\u6765\u4e43\u81f3\u73b0\u5728\u6210\u4e3a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u6d41\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u5bf9\u4fc4\u6001\u5ea6\u53d1\u751f\u9006\u8f6c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u653f\u5e9c\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u60a3\u4e0a\u4e86\u201c\u6ce2\u5170\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u201d\u3002\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u505a\u6d3e\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6c11\u65cf\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u5012\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d35\u65cf\u9636\u7ea7\u8054\u76df\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u5b83\u5bf9\u5c5e\u5730\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u8d70\u4e0a\u5c42\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u7528\u4eba\u4e8b\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u57281863\u5e74\u6ce2\u5170\u8d77\u4e49\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\u4f3c\u4e4e\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6253\u51fb\uff0c\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65e2\u5f80\u5bbd\u7eb5\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u4e0a\u5c42\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u53cd\u601d\u548c\u62c5\u5fc3\u81ea\u5df1\u9762\u4e34\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u6311\u6218\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u5e1d\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u884c\u653f\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u6d88\u706d\u5f02\u65cf\u6587\u5316\uff08\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5316\uff09\u624d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u51fa\u8def\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6ce2\u5170\u7efc\u5408\u75c7\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u5e1d\u56fd\u6240\u731c\u7591\u3001\u9632\u8303\u548c\u9547\u538b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u4ece\u6ce2\u5170\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u897f\u90e8\u5404\u7701\u4efd\uff08\u7acb\u9676\u5b9b\u3001\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u3001\u7b2c\u8042\u4f2f\u6cb3\u53f3\u5cb8\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\uff09\uff0c\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u653f\u7b56\u662f\u6d88\u9664\u6ce2\u5170\u5728\u672c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u51fa\u4efb\u7ef4\u5c14\u7eb3\u5730\u533a\uff08\u542b\u7acb\u9676\u5b9b\u548c\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\uff09\u7684\u603b\u7763\u7a46\u62c9\u7ef4\u7ea6\u592b\uff08\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u9547\u538b\u4e86\u6ce2\u51701830\u5e74\u8d77\u4e49\uff09\uff0c\u8bf4\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u6325\u5251\u65a9\u65ad\u6208\u8033\u72c4\u4fc4\u65af\u4e4b\u7ed3\uff08Gordianknot\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u5bf9\u519c\u6751\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u8150\u8680\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u884c\u653f\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u4e0a\u6d88\u9664\u6ce2\u5170\u8bed\u548c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u3001\u4fc4\u8bed\u548c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6587\u5316\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u521a\u521a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u8bed\u6587\u5316\u590d\u5174\u8fd0\u52a8\u5c31\u906d\u53d7\u4e86\u6c60\u9c7c\u4e4b\u6b83\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u653f\u5e9c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u6216\u8005\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u7684\u9634\u8c0b\uff0c\u8981\u4e00\u5f8b\u7981\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e1d\u56fd\u5185\u653f\u90e8\u5927\u81e3\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u74e6\u9c81\u8036\u592b\uff08PetrValuev\uff09\u58f0\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u4efb\u4f55\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5c0f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u8bed\u90fd\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e0d\u66fe\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u201d\u57281863\u5e74\uff0c\u5185\u653f\u90e8\u5c31\u79d8\u5bc6\u901a\u77e5\u8bf4\u7981\u6b62\u7528\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u8bed\u5370\u5237\u4e66\u7c4d\u3002\u6b64\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u4e5f\u7981\u6b62\u5370\u5237\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u8bed\u4e66\u7c4d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u7acb\u9676\u5b9b\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u4f7f\u7528\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u897f\u91cc\u5c14\u5b57\u6bcd\u30021876\u5e74\uff0c\u5e1d\u56fd\u53c8\u7981\u6b62\u4ece\u52a0\u5229\u897f\u4e9a\u5730\u533a\u8fdb\u53e3\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u8bed\u51fa\u7248\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u8bed\u7684\u620f\u5267\u8868\u6f14\u548c\u8bb2\u5ea7\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u548c\u8054\u5408\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e5f\u906d\u5230\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u6253\u538b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e1d\u56fd\u5bf9\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u683c\u5916\u7740\u91cd\u7528\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u5728\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u572818\u4e16\u7eaa\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u53e3\u8fd8\u5360\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u768470%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u968f\u774018\u300119\u4e16\u7eaa\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6269\u5f20\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u524d\u5915\u5e1d\u56fd\u4eba\u53e3\u8d85\u8fc71.7\u4ebf\uff0c\u4f46\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u5728\u5e1d\u56fd\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5219\u4e0b\u964d\u5230\u4e86\u4e0d\u523045%\u3002\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u536018%\uff0c\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u53604%\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u5360\u4eba\u53e3\u591a\u6570\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u517c\u5e76\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u548c\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u4ee5\u540e\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u5728\u5e1d\u56fd\u8d38\u6613\u548c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u65e5\u76ca\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u7f18\u6545\uff08\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u989d\u5360\u6574\u4e2a\u5e1d\u56fd\u768475%\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u519c\u6c11\u8fc1\u5f99\u5230\u4e86\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4e1c\u5357\u90e8\u52a1\u519c\u6216\u505a\u5de5\u3002\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u3001\u52c3\u5217\u65e5\u6d85\u592b\u548c\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u5bb6\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u6ce2\u79fb\u6c11\u6f6e\u4e2d\u8fc1\u5f99\u5230\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65b0\u751f\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4e00\u4ee3\u9010\u6e10\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5316\u3002\u82ac\u5170\u53f2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e13\u5bb6\u4f26\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u4f26\u4e01\uff08LeonardLundin\uff09\u5728\u5bf9\u82ac\u5170\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5316\u8fd0\u52a8\u505a\u603b\u7ed3\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8bf4\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u65e0\u8bba\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5316\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u7406\u7531\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u591a\u4e48\u5408\u7406\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u7684\u4e8b\u6001\u53d1\u5c55\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u662f\u6839\u672c\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u5fe0\u8bda\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u88ab\u758f\u8fdc\u4e86\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u6c11\u65cf\u610f\u8bc6\u88ab\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u654c\u4eba\u88ab\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u5730\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u7528\u5728\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u8eab\u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u540e\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4eec\u8d81\u7740\u5c40\u52bf\u6df7\u4e71\u72ec\u7acb\u5efa\u56fd\u3002\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u515a\u5728\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u638c\u6743\u540e\uff0c\u66fe\u653b\u8fdb\u57fa\u8f85\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u88ab\u51fb\u9000\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4e0e\u6ce2\u5170\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u571f\u5730\u5212\u7ed9\u4e86\u6ce2\u5170\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e0e\u6ce2\u5170\u201c\u9694\u6c5f\u800c\u6cbb\u201d\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7efc\u4e0a\u53ef\u77e5\uff1a\u4e00\uff0c\u666e\u4eac\u8bf4\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u662f\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u4eba\u4e3a\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u6bcb\u5b81\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5386\u53f2\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u5217\u5b81\u548c\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u642d\u4e86\u4e00\u628a\u624b\uff1b\u4e8c\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u548c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u786e\u5b9e\u76f8\u4e92\u7f20\u7ed5\uff0c\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7fa4\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u4e5f\u884c\uff0c\u8bf4\u662f\u82b1\u5f00\u4e24\u679d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u5dee\u522b\u5b8c\u5168\u770b\u653f\u6cbb\u63a8\u52a8\uff1b\u4e09\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u5728\u4e1c\u6b27\u5927\u5730\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u529f\u4e1a\u2014\u2014\u5c06\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u3001\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u548c\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u7edf\u4e00\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u57fa\u8f85\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u7edf\u7eea\uff0c\u662f\u57cb\u5728\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u91cc\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e09<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u73b0\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u8fd8\u76f8\u5f53\u652f\u6301\u666e\u4eac\u548c\u8fd9\u573a\u6218\u4e89\u5462\uff1f\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u52d2\u74e6\u8fbe\u4e2d\u5fc32022\u5e744\u6708\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u666e\u4eac\u7684\u652f\u6301\u7387\u8fbe\u523082\uff05\uff0c\u5904\u4e8e4\u5e74\u6765\u6700\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u8bf7\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u57282019\u5e74\uff0c\u666e\u4eac\u7684\u652f\u6301\u7387\u4f4e\u5230\u8fc731%\u3002\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u81ea\u5df1\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u8d2b\u56f0\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u5728\u4fc4\u519b\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u4f24\u4ea1\u4eba\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u9ad8\u3002\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a1250\u4e07\u4eba\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u5c45\u7136\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u4f8b\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u4f46\u6765\u81ea\u8fbe\u5409\u65af\u5766\u548c\u5e03\u91cc\u4e9a\u7279\u8fd9\u79cd\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u4eba\u5374\u6b7b\u5f97\u5f02\u5e38\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5927\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4fc4\u4e4c\u51b2\u7a81\u5728\u76f8\u5f53\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d7\u5230\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u5927\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6b22\u8fce\u6839\u690d\u4e8e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6028\u6068\u4e4b\u4e2d\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u6c99\u7687\u4fc4\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u82cf\u8054\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u90fd\u5904\u4e8e\u88ab\u906e\u853d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5728\u76f8\u5f53\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u90fd\u611f\u89c9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u6709\u5f81\u670d\u51b2\u52a8\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u201c\u5e1d\u56fd\u521b\u4f24\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u53c8\u8ddf\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u5e1d\u56fd\uff09\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u6709\u5173\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4ece\u6c99\u7687\u4fc4\u56fd\u8bb2\u8d77\u3002\u540c\u82f1\u3001\u6cd5\u548c\u54c8\u5e03\u65af\u5821\u5e1d\u56fd\u6bd4\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u8457\u7279\u5f81\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u671f\u91cc\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u5e1d\u56fd\u5185\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5e1d\u56fd\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u5e1d\u56fd\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e1d\u56fd\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u5360\u636e\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u56e2\u4f53\uff0c\u5e1d\u56fd\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f1a\u6709\u4eba\u7acb\u523b\u53cd\u9a73\u9053\uff1a\u600e\u4e48\u4f1a\u5462\uff1f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\u96be\u9053\u4e0d\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u7684\u5417\uff1f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u96be\u9053\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u4eba\u7fa4\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u3002\u7b54\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c97\u7565\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e3a\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u5e1d\u56fd\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u652f\u4eba\u7fa4\u662f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\uff0c\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e1c\u5f81\u897f\u8ba8\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3b\u529b\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u5e76\u4e0d\u201c\u4eab\u53d7\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e1d\u56fd\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u65e2\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u4e0d\u5747\u7b49\u7684\u5206\u914d\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u6307\u7684\u662f\u666e\u901a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c45\u4e8e\u4f18\u52bf\u5730\u4f4d\uff08\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5e76\u4e0d\u504f\u5411\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u9996\u5148\u5f53\u7136\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u4eab\u53d7\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u81ea\u7531\u8981\u5c11\u4e8e\u5176\u5883\u5185\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u65cf\u7fa4\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u540c\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u663e\u7136\u6709\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u800c\u975e\u66f4\u591a\uff0c\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u6709\u5baa\u6cd5\u548c\u8bae\u4f1a\uff0c\u800c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u5728\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u519c\u5974\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5374\u662f\u6709\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u540c\u666e\u901a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u975e\u4fc4\u5c45\u6c11\u591a\u591a\u5c11\u5c11\u8981\u4eab\u53d7\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\/\u653f\u6cbb\u4f18\u60e0\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u76f4\u52301874\u5e74\u4fc4\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u666e\u904d\u5175\u5f79\u5236\u524d\uff0c\u975e\u4fc4\u5c45\u6c11\u90fd\u514d\u4e8e\u5175\u5f79\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u57281874\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9ad8\u52a0\u7d22\u3001\u82ac\u5170\u548c\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u7684\u670d\u5f79\u671f\u4e5f\u8981\u6bd4\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u77ed\uff0c\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u548c\u4e2d\u4e9a\u7684\u5404\u65cf\u4e5f\u8fd8\u662f\u514d\u5f79\u7684\u3002\u62ff\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u65f6\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u8feb\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u533a\u91cc\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\u6210\u519c\u5974\u7684\u5371\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n
\u518d\u6b21\uff0c\u975e\u4fc4\u5c45\u6c11\u666e\u904d\u6bd4\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u8d1f\u62c5\u7684\u7a0e\u6536\u66f4\u5c11\u3002\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u5e74\u4eba\u5747\u76f4\u63a5\u7a0e\u8d4b\uff081.91\u5362\u5e03\uff09\u8981\u6bd4\u975e\u4fc4\u5c45\u6c11\uff081.22\u5362\u5e03\uff09\u9ad8\u51fa50%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u5c31\u653f\u5e9c\u6574\u4f53\u6240\u5f97\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u4e5f\u8981\u6bd4\u975e\u4fc4\u5c45\u6c11\u5927\u5c06\u8fd1\u56db\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u7a0e\u6536\u4e0a\u7684\u6b67\u89c6\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5730\u533a\u66f4\u5bcc\u88d5\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u66f4\u53d1\u8fbe\u3001\u66f4\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\/\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6b63\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u540c\u5e1d\u56fd\u5185\u5f88\u591a\u65cf\u7fa4\uff08\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u4eba\u3001\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u3001\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff09\u6bd4\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8bc6\u5b57\u7387\u8fd8\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u5c31\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4e0d\u5982\u7684\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u540c\u897f\u8fb9\u66f4\u53d1\u8fbe\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u6bd4\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5927\u4f17\u540c\u4e1c\u90e8\u4e0e\u5357\u90e8\u8fb9\u8fdc\u5730\u533a\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u4ea4\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5bff\u547d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f4e\u4e8e\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u5404\u4eba\u7fa4\u3001\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u548c\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u4f4e\u4e8e\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u3001\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u3001\u9791\u977c\u4eba\u548c\u5df4\u4ec0\u57fa\u5c14\u4eba\u3002\u5927\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5730\u533a\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u5a74\u513f\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u4e5f\u8981\u660e\u663e\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5e1d\u56fd\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n
\u518d\u6b21\uff0c\u4ece\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u4e0e\u975e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ea4\u5f80\u5f88\u96be\u8bf4\u662f\u5265\u524a\u6027\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u897f\u5317\u90e8\uff0c\u662f\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u7684\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u4eba\u63a7\u5236\u7740\u8d38\u6613\uff0c\u5728\u897f\u90e8\u5219\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u548c\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u5357\u90e8\u548c\u4e1c\u90e8\u5219\u662f\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\u3001\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u548c\u9791\u977c\u4eba\u3002\u81ea17\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5546\u4eba\u5c31\u5728\u6297\u8bae\u5e1d\u56fd\u7ed9\u4e88\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u548c\u975e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u7684\u7279\u6743\u3002\u745e\u58eb\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5361\u4f69\u52d2\uff08AndreasKappeler\uff09\u56e0\u6b64\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u201c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u67d0\u4e9b\u975e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u653f\u5e9c\u82b1\u5728\u519b\u961f\u548c\u884c\u653f\u4e0a\u7684\u5de8\u989d\u5f00\u652f\uff0c\u76f4\u523019\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4ece\u5927\u591a\u6570\u975e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u8fb9\u8fdc\u5730\u533a\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5229\u6da6\u5fae\u4e4e\u5176\u5fae\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4ece\u5e1d\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u77e5\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u672a\u5fc5\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c11\u65cf\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4e4b\u6839\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u6b64\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u540c\u666e\u901a\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5e93\u9a6c\u5c14\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u541b\u4e3b\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5f88\u96be\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u3002\u201c\u7f57\u66fc\u8bfa\u592b\u5bb6\u65cf\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u6210\u5206\u22ef\u22ef\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fc7\u7740\u897f\u5316\u8d35\u65cf\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u5bab\u5ef7\u793c\u4eea\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u516c\u56ed\u548c\u5bab\u6bbf\u662f\u65b0\u53e4\u5178\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u22ef\u22ef\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u8840\u7edf\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u662f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0e\u5fb7\u56fd\u7687\u5ba4\u65e0\u5c3d\u901a\u5a5a\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u8fd9\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5f7c\u5f97\u4e00\u4e16\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5386\u4ee3\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c99\u7687\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u5916\u56fd\u59bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5c24\u4ee5\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u4e3a\u591a\uff09\u3002\u201d\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u738b\u5ba4\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e5f\u6709\u5916\u56fd\u8840\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u663e\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f4e\u8c03\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c99\u7687\u5374\u4f3c\u4e4e\u603b\u662f\u5728\u5f3a\u8c03\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5916\u65cf\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5bab\u5ef7\u8bed\u8a00\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u662f\u6cd5\u8bed\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u53c8\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e86\u82f1\u8bed\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e1d\u56fd\u5b98\u50da\u673a\u6784\u7684\u7528\u4eba\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u503e\u5411\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u3002\u5e1d\u56fd\u6700\u51fa\u540d\u7684\u5c06\u519b\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u82cf\u6c83\u6d1b\u592b\u5c06\u519b\u662f\u745e\u5178\u8840\u7edf\u7684\u8d35\u65cf\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u6218\u5c06\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u5df4\u683c\u62c9\u5b63\u7fc1\u4eb2\u738b\u5219\u51fa\u8eab\u4e8e\u683c\u9c81\u5409\u4e9a\u7684\u7687\u65cf\u3002\u636e\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u57281700-1917\u5e74\u5360\u636e\u6700\u9ad8\u804c\u4f4d\u76842867\u540d\u5b98\u50da\u4e2d\uff0c\u67091079\u4eba\uff0837.6\uff05\uff09\u51fa\u8eab\u5916\u65cf\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c355\u4eba\u51fa\u8eab\u4e8e\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u4eba\u7fa4\u3002\u672b\u4ee3\u6c99\u7687\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u4e8c\u4e16\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f1a\u8bae\u57281894-1914\u5e74\u95f4\u5171\u6709215\u4eba\u4efb\u804c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d61\u4eba\uff0828.3\uff05\uff09\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5916\u65cf\u80cc\u666f\uff08\u5176\u4e2d\u53c8\u670948\u4eba\u6709\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u8840\u7edf\uff09\u3002\u5361\u4f69\u52d2\u5982\u6b64\u603b\u7ed3\u4fc4\u56fd\u7684\u7528\u4eba\u4f20\u7edf\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u79cd\u65cf\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u6c99\u7687\u653f\u5e9c\u59cb\u7ec8\u66f4\u91cd\u89c6\u5fe0\u8bda\u3001\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u9ad8\u8d35\u7684\u8840\u7edf\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u300a\u5251\u6865\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u53f2\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u201c\u76f4\u523019\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\uff0c\u6c99\u7687\u653f\u4f53\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c11\u65cf\u653f\u4f53\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u738b\u671d\u5f0f\u7684\u8d35\u65cf\u5e1d\u56fd\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5728\u524d\u73b0\u4ee3\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4eba\u53e3\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u6bd4\u8fb9\u7f18\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u53d7\u5230\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5265\u524a\u3002\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u8d35\u65cf\u3001\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u8d35\u65cf\u3001\u683c\u9c81\u5409\u4e9a\u8d35\u65cf\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8d35\u65cf\u4ece\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5927\u4f17\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u7efc\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u80c6\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e4b\u4e2d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5e1d\u56fd\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u662f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\u540c\u5176\u4ed6\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5e1d\u56fd\u8fe5\u5f02\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u4ece\u5f88\u591a\u5c42\u9762\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b96\u6c11\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5012\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u5b83\u66f4\u50cf\u4e00\u5757\u88ab\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u3002\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u7740\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u91cd\u62c5\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u4eab\u53d7\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e1d\u56fd\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u8bb2\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u751a\u81f3\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u6b96\u6c11\u201d\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u5b83\uff08\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\uff09\u65e2\u662f\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u88ab\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u662f\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u6c99\u7687\u4fc4\u56fd\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6b63\u5982\u6258\u514b\u7ef4\u5c14\u5728\u300a\u65e7\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0e\u5927\u9769\u547d\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u65b0\u653f\u6743\u540c\u65e7\u653f\u6743\u662f\u6709\u7ee7\u627f\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u7231\u4e01\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u8389\u83b2\u5b89\u5a1c\u00b7\u8389\u4f73\uff08LilianaRiga\uff09\u6559\u6388\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u6784\u6210\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4ef6\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u521d\u671f\u7684\u9ad8\u5c42\u9886\u5bfc\uff081917-1923\u5e74\u95f4\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u517193\u4eba\uff09\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u8272\u5f69\u2014\u2014\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u3001\u62c9\u8131\u7ef4\u4e9a\u4eba\u3001\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u3001\u683c\u9c81\u5409\u4e9a\u4eba\u3001\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u3001\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u5176\u8fd1\u516d\u6210\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u5374\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u7b97\u65cf\u7f18\uff0c\u800c\u770b\u7c4d\u8d2f\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u51fa\u8eab\u4e8e\u5e1d\u56fd\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u90fd\u6765\u81ea\u8fb9\u7586\u5730\u533a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u770b\u804c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u534a\u662f\u5de5\u4eba\u3001\u519c\u6c11\u51fa\u8eab\uff0c\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u51fa\u8eab\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u5219\u591a\u534a\u662f\u5916\u65cf\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5230\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u4eb2\u5386\u8bb0\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u82cf\u8054\u53ea\u5728\u201c\u5916\u8868\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\/\u6c11\u65cf\u8054\u90a6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5728\u8054\u90a6\u7684\u80cc\u540e\u7ad9\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u7684\u653f\u515a\u201d\u3002\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u5404\u79cd\u65cf\u96c6\u56e2\u90fd\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u548c\u540d\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u6743\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u201c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7b\u60f3\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u5883\u5185\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u53d7\u5230\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5316\u6216\u201c\u53bb\u672c\u5730\u6587\u5316\u201d\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u516c\u5171\u5bd3\u6240\u201d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u623f\u95f4\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u6743\u5229\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u865a\u5047\u7684\uff1b\u4ece\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u8865\u8d34\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u65cf\uff1b\u82cf\u8054\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5d29\u6e83\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5404\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u4e3a\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u5b50\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u57fa\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8001\u5b9e\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u603b\u559c\u6b22\u4ece\u6c11\u65cf\u95f4\u7684\u773c\u5149\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u770b\u6210\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u5bf9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u538b\u8feb\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u5728\u4e4e\u81ea\u5df1\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u662f\u540c\u65cf\u3001\u5f02\u65cf\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4ecb\u610f\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u8054\u624b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u7ad6\u5411\u6743\u529b\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\u662f\u591a\u6570\u65cf\u7fa4\u7cbe\u82f1\u7684\u9644\u5eb8\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5927\u653f\u65b9\u9488\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5236\u5b9a\u5e76\u63a8\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ece\u6a2a\u5411\u6743\u529b\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5e1d\u56fd\u53c8\u663e\u5f97\u76f8\u5f53\u5c0a\u91cd\u8fb9\u7f18\u5730\u533a\uff08\u7cbe\u82f1\uff09\u7684\u7279\u6743\uff08\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u5171\u540c\u7edf\u6cbb\u3001\u95f4\u63a5\u7edf\u6cbb\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4ece\u7ad6\u5411\u770b\u662f\u4e13\u5236\uff0c\u4ece\u6a2a\u5411\u770b\uff0c\u5219\u663e\u5f97\u201c\u81ea\u6cbb\u201d\u53c8\u201c\u5408\u4f5c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6c99\u4fc4\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u611f\u89c9\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u88ab\u9006\u5411\u6b67\u89c6\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u5c31\u8981\u5fc3\u751f\u6124\u6068\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u9646\u9646\u7eed\u7eed\u4e5f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u593a\u56de\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0e\u8a00\u8f9e\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8981\u6c42\u6210\u4e3a\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\uff0c\u8ba9\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56db<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u6ce2\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u8bde\u751f\u4e8e19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u6c99\u7687\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u4e8c\u4e16\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u516c\u5171\u9886\u57df\u548c\u5e02\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u4f46\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u5b9e\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e4b\u524d\u66f4\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u66f4\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u82cf\u9192\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4fc4\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u754c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eb2\u897f\u65b9\u8fd8\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff08slavophile\uff09\u548c\u897f\u5316\u6d3e\uff08anglophile\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u6d3e\u90fd\u4e0d\u62b5\u89e6\u5174\u8d77\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u897f\u5316\u6d3e\u5f53\u7136\u5e0c\u671b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5316\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u548c\u666e\u901a\u6c11\u4f17\u80fd\u591f\u53c2\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u6cbb\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u6240\u4ef0\u671b\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u82f1\u3001\u6cd5\u7b49\u653f\u5236\u6574\u9f50\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e1d\u56fd\u5185\u8bb8\u591a\u975e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u4eab\u6709\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6301\u53cd\u5bf9\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u738b\u671d\u538b\u8feb\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e2a19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u6d3e\u522b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u6587\u5316\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u6d6a\u6f2b\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u53c8\u6f14\u53d8\u51fa\u67d0\u79cd\u6709\u673a\u8bba\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u9887\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u3002\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u4e3b\u4e49\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u770b\u6210\u662f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u5bf9\u201c\u88ab\u6b96\u6c11\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u53cd\u6297\u3002\u5bf9\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5e1d\u56fd\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u8bf8\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u5206\u652f\u65cf\u7fa4\uff0c\u88ab\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4fb5\u67d3\u592a\u6df1\uff0c\u6709\u5f85\u77eb\u6b63\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u754c\u5c31\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5f97\u51fa\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u786e\u5b9e\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\u5185\u90e8\u6380\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u80a1\u6301\u4e45\u4e0d\u606f\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u6d6a\u6f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6ce2\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d6a\u6f6e\u5c31\u8981\u7b49\u5230\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u524d\u540e\u4e86\u30021990\u5e741\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u53eb\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u666e\u7f57\u6c49\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u300a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6587\u5b66\u62a5\u300b\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u82cf\u8054\u5927\u4f7f\u975e\u5e38\u60ca\u5947\u7684\u770b\u5230\u65e7\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5e7d\u7075\u518d\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5230\u4e8620\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e5d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f00\u59cb\u4ee5\u201c\u65b0\u6b27\u4e9a\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb6\u6240\u719f\u6089\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b0\u6b27\u4e9a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u5c31\u662f\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u675c\u91d1\u3002\u65b0\u6b27\u4e9a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u524d\u8f88\u201c\u8001\u6b27\u4e9a\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6d41\u4ea1\u8005\u641e\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u53cd\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\uff0c\u53c8\u53cd\u897f\u5316\u6d3e\u7684\u5baa\u653f\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f3a\u8c03\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7279\u4e2a\u6027\u4e0e\u547d\u8fd0\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u67d0\u79cd\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u524d\u8f88\u4e0e\u540c\u4faa\uff0c\u675c\u91d1\u7684\u65b0\u6b27\u4e9a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u53cd\u897f\u65b9\u65b9\u9762\u8981\u5f7b\u5e95\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u5728\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u8981\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f20\u5efa\u7acb\u6240\u8c13\u6b27\u4e9a\u8054\u76df\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b27\u4e9a\u8054\u76df\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u518d\u7248\uff0c\u675c\u91d1\u81ea\u5df1\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u751f\u6765\u8d1f\u6709\u9886\u5bfc\u6b27\u4e9a\u6d32\u8fd9\u4e00\u7247\u533a\u57df\u7684\u91cd\u4efb\u3002\u675c\u91d1\u5728\u4ed6\u65e9\u671f\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u300b\u4e2d\u5c31\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u60f3\u8c61\u4e0d\u662f\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\u600e\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u6ce8\u5b9a\u6210\u4e3a\u5e1d\u56fd\u3002\u201d\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u675c\u91d1\u57282016\u5e74\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u5a92\u4f53\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5371\u9669\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f88\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d6\u5411\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u4f17\u4e2d\u5f25\u6f2b\u7684\u3002\u300a\u5927\u5e08\u4e0e\u739b\u683c\u4e3d\u7279\u300b\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u8005\u5e03\u5c14\u52a0\u79d1\u592b\u575a\u6301\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u8bed\u662f\u201c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3001\u5351\u9119\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u201d\u3002\u7d22\u5c14\u4ec1\u5c3c\u7434\u201c\u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u4f1a\u6664\u666e\u4eac\uff0c\u4fe9\u4eba\u4e00\u81f4\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6062\u590d\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u3001\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u548c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u4e1c\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u7edf\u4e00\u201d\u3002\u540c\u6837\u53d7\u5230\u8feb\u5bb3\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u6587\u5b66\u5956\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5e03\u7f57\u8328\u57fa\uff0c\u57281992\u5e74\u4e00\u9996\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u8bba\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u300b\u4e2d\u75db\u65a5\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\uff0c\u8bf4\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u8f6e\u5230\u4f60\u4eec\u6b7b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5927\u767d\u75f4,\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u51fa\u523a\u8033\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u6293\u6320\u4f60\u7684\u5e8a\u57ab,\u80cc\u8bf5\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\uff08\u666e\u5e0c\u91d1\uff09\u7684\u683c\u8a00\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5854\u62c9\u65af\u7684\u80e1\u8a00\u4e71\u8bed\u3002\uff08\u5854\u62c9\u65af\u00b7\u820d\u752b\u7434\u79d1\uff0c19\u4e16\u7eaa\u8bd7\u4eba\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bed\u5960\u57fa\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff09\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u548c\u666e\u5e0c\u91d1\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u826f\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u7684\u731c\u6d4b\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u666e\u901a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u6301\u6709\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4eba\u58eb\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5fc3\u7406\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u5927\u4f17\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u201c\u5e1d\u56fd\u521b\u4f24\u201d\u4e2d\u5f15\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u5e1d\u56fd\u6e34\u671b\u201d\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u7fa4\u4f17\u5fc3\u7406\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u7684\u731c\u6d4b\uff0c\u4fc4\u4e4c\u51b2\u7a81\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u843d\u5e55\uff0c\u666e\u4eac\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u592a\u4f1a\u88ab\u4e00\u573a\u653f\u53d8\u3001\u4e00\u6b21\u8857\u5934\u793a\u5a01\u6297\u8bae\u6240\u63a8\u7ffb\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u62b1\u51b2\u7a81\u957f\u671f\u5316\u7684\u9884\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u90d1\u975e\/\u6587 \u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u9677\u5728\u6218\u4e89\u6ce5\u6f6d\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u628a\u8fd9\u573a\u6218\u4e89\u770b\u6210\u662f\u6781\u5177\u6709\u6807\u5fd7\u6027\u7684 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15,6],"tags":[17340,17339,7429],"views":189,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57197"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=57197"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57197\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":57198,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57197\/revisions\/57198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=57197"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=57197"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=57197"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}