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<\/p>\n

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\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728 1985 \u5e74\u5f53\u6743\u540e\u5f88\u5feb\u4fbf\u504f\u79bb\u4e86\u5728\u6c11\u4f17\u4e0d\u6ee1\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5371\u9669\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u4f20\u7edf\u800c\u975e\u5e38\u7406\u6027\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u5462? \u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u4ed6\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0e\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u5206\u9053\u626c\u9573\u3002\u5f53\u7ecf\u6d4e\u51fa\u73b0\u505c\u6ede\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u5b89\u5fb7\u7f57\u6ce2\u592b\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u4e4b\u9053\u7528\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5e94\u5bf9\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5373\u63d0\u9ad8\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ba1\u7406\u6548\u7387\u5e76\u5411\u5168\u4f53\u4eba\u6c11\u65bd\u52a0\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u7eaa\u5f8b\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7a33\u56fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\u5f53\u6743\u4e00\u5e74\u534a\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u51b3\u5b9a\u6539\u53d8\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4ed6\u5728 1987 \u5e74 1 \u6708\u548c 6 \u6708\u4e24\u6b21\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002
\n\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u514b\u670d\u6765\u81ea\u515a\u5185\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u5404\u7ea7\u673a\u6784\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u6fc0\u8fdb\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u8fd8\u5c06\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f13\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77db \u76fe\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u75311979\u20141985 \u5e74\u95f4\u538b\u5236\u5404\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u653f\u89c1\u4e0e\u5f02\u7aef\u884c\u4e3a\u9020\u6210\u7684; \u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u897f\u65b9\u7559\u4e0b\u6df1\u523b\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u66f4\u4e50\u4e8e\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u6b66\u5668\u63a7\u5236\u63aa\u65bd\u65b9\u9762\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u5e76\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u5bf9\u515a\u5784\u65ad\u653f\u6743\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u5f88\u5371\u9669\u7684\u5462?<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u63a8\u52a8\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fc5\u731b\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u611f\u6fc0\u4e4b\u60c5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u4efb\u4f55\u53cd\u5bf9\u8005\u4fdd\u6301\u4e2d\u7acb\u3002\u4ed6\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fe1\u5fc3\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u76f8\u4fe1\u6c11\u4e3b\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9886\u8896\u4eba\u7269\u64cd\u7eb5\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728 1987 \u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u8bb2\u8bdd\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u591a\u6b21\u53cd\u5bf9\u6c11\u4e3b\u4f1a\u98a0\u8986\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6216\u516c\u5171\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u8bba\u8c03\u3002\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u6b21\u8bb2\u8bdd\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u7531\u4f5c\u5bb6\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u7d22\u5c14\u4ec1\u5c3c\u7434\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eb2\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u6d3e\u6240\u652f\u6301\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u4ee5\u201c\u805a\u5408\u6027\u201d\u800c\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u6210\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u771f\u8bda\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u800c\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u80fd\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u540e\u6765\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u53ea\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4eba\u4e3a\u5206\u88c2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8428\u54c8\u7f57\u592b\u4ee4\u4eba\u5403\u60ca\u5730\u83b7\u91ca\u662f 1987\u20141988 \u5e74\u91ca\u653e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u653f\u6cbb\u72af\u7684\u524d\u594f\u3002\u5f53\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u8ba9\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u540c\u610f\u5230 1989 \u5e74\u521d\u4ece\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u64a4\u51fa\u5168\u90e8\u82cf\u8054\u519b\u961f\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6c11\u4f17\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

1989 \u5e74\u4e4b\u524d \uff0c\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u660e\u663e\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653f\u7b56\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u4ed6\u8d62\u5f97\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u515a\u5185\u7684\u5f3a\u786c\u6d3e\u538c\u6076\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u6b64\u800c\u8bd5\u56fe\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d77\u6765\u53cd\u5bf9\u4ed6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728 1989 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u672a\u80fd\u9884\u89c1\u7684\u540e\u679c\u5f00\u59cb\u524a\u5f31\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5f62\u52bf\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bf4\u660e\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u4ee5\u4f55\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\u5c06\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\u5206\u6210\u51e0\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n

1988 \u5e74 \uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u4eba\u6c11\u9635\u7ebf \u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u9ed8\u8bb8\u4e0b\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u65e5\u6e10\u6210\u719f\u3002\u5230 1989 \u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u6c11\u9635\u7ebf\u6709\u7684\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u5404\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u4ece\u76d1\u72f1\u4e2d\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5177\u6709\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u653f\u89c1\u8005\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9635\u7ebf\u4e2d\u5360\u636e\u7740\u663e\u8d6b\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5728 1989 \u5e74\u521d\u9009\u4e3e\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u5177\u6709\u534a\u6c11\u4e3b\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a \u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u65f6 ( \u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u81ea\u7531\u9009\u4e3e) \uff0c\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u5404\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u9635\u7ebf\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u8f70\u52a8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u51fb\u8d25\u4e86\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5e2d\u4f4d\u76843 \/4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u65f6 \uff0c\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u548c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u57ce\u5e02 \uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5728\u4f4d\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5019\u9009\u4eba( \u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u4eba\u7269) \u4e5f\u8f93\u7ed9\u4e86\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u653f\u89c1\u8005\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u3002\u5728\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u522b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u8f93\u7ed9\u4e86\u540d\u58f0\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u539f\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u6210\u5458\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91ca\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u30011990\u5e74\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u548c\u8fb9\u7586\u5730\u533a\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5\u53ca 1991 \u5e74\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u603b\u7edf\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5462? \u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u6240\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u662f\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u4f55\u79cd\u4e0d\u6ee1? \u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5982\u4f55? \u4ece 1989 \u5e74\u5230 1991 \u5e74\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u6ee1\u53c8\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u53d8\u5316\u7684? \u5c24\u5176\u662f\uff0c\u5b98\u5458\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u963b\u788d\u9009\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u504f\u597d\u7684? \u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e09\u6b21\u9009\u4e3e\u90fd\u662f\u5927\u4f17\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u6674\u96e8\u8868\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9009\u540e\u6c11\u8c03\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u5728\u7ade\u9009\u65f6\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u63d0\u51fa\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u5f88\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u653f\u7eb2\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u73af\u5883\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u53d8\u5316\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5f88\u96be\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5206\u6790\u5bb6\u65ad\u5b9a\uff0c1989 \u5e74\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u9009\u4e3e\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u5bf9\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5236\u5ea6\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u3001\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u98a0\u8986\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u5728\u4e0b\u8ff0\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u5373\u516c\u5f00\u6027\u5141\u8bb8\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u53c8\u5c06\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8c03\u52a8\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u9009\u4e3e\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u53d8\u9769\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ece\u65af\u5927\u6797\u65f6\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u6c11\u4f17\u5f53\u4e2d\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u666e\u904d\u7684\u3001\u975e\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u4f46\u5374\u662f\u5f88\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002\u4ece 1986 \u5e74\u672b\u5230 1989 \u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u6301\u4e00\u79cd\u51c6\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002\u4ed6\u53d1\u8868\u4e00\u4e9b\u6b4c\u9882\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u5de1\u56de\u6f14\u8bf4\u4ee5\u9f13\u52a8\u5927\u4f17( \u5982\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7684\u53f6\u5229\u94a6) \u8d77\u6765\u628a\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u6211\u6539\u9769\u7684\u5b98\u5458\u8d76\u4e0b\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728 1989 \u5e74 3 \u6708 26 \u65e5\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u6c11 \u4ee3 \u8868 \u5927 \u4f1a \u9009 \u4e3e\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u6b21\u9009\u4e3e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5e2d\u4f4d\u4e0d\u53ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u7ade\u9009\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u2014\u2014\u2014\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u516c\u5171\u5a92\u4ecb\u8be6\u7ec6\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u771f\u6b63\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u6ee5\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u9898\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u5a92\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5728\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u5458\u7ecf\u5e38\u963b\u788d\u5b83\u4eec\u96c6\u4f1a\u548c\u6563\u53d1\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u666e\u901a\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u9009\u4e3e\u524d\u7684\u7ade\u9009\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u9009\u4e3e\u64cd\u7eb5\u4f5c\u4f55\u53cd\u5e94\u5462?<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u4eec\u5927\u591a\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u6765\u5c31\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u6539\u9769\u8ba1\u5212\u5f88\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u548c\u90e8\u5206\u5a92\u4f53\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u516c\u5e73\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u5bb3\u6015\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u610f\u613f\u8fdb\u884c\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u591a\u540d\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\u7ade\u9009\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u6539\u9769\u4e5f\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f88\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f88\u60f3\u53c2\u4e0e\u9009\u4e3e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u66f4\u4e3a\u6e05\u9192\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u515a\u5458\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u975e\u5e38\u8b66\u60d5\u4e0d\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u6c11\u4f17\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u5458\u662f\u4ee5\u4f55\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f( \u800c\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6210\u529f) \u64cd\u63a7\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u63d0\u540d\u548c\u767b\u8bb0\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5de5\u5382\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u4f5c\u5730\u70b9\uff0c\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u4e8b\u5148\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u79d8\u5bc6\u8d5e\u6210\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u6781\u5927\u62b1\u6028\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5b98\u65b9\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u5019\u9009\u4eba\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u901a\u5e38\u62d2\u7edd\u9881\u53d1\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u63d0\u540d\u4f1a( \u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u6709 500 \u4e2a\u9009\u6c11\u53c2\u52a0) \u8bb8 \u53ef\u8bc1\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u76f4\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u523b\u624d\u9881\u53d1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u63d0\u540d\u4f1a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4eba\u6570\u3002\u8981\u4e48\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u9009 500 \u4e2a\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u53bb\u53c2\u52a0\u63d0\u540d\u4f1a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u95e8\u9501\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b98\u65b9\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ecd\u7136\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u63d0\u540d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u9009\u4e3e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a \u60f3\u529e\u6cd5\u4e0d\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u767b\u8bb0\u2014\u2014\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4ee5\u201c\u6280\u672f\u201d\u4e3a\u501f\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u9009\u6c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u901a\u8fc7\u5a92\u4f53\u53d1\u73b0\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u7684 750 \u4e2a\u201c\u56e2\u4f53\u5e2d\u4f4d\u201d( \u5360\u5168\u90e8\u5e2d\u4f4d\u7684 1 \/3) \u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u3002\u666e\u901a\u6c11\u4f17\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e00\u4e9b\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u6210\u5458\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4ee3\u8868 ( \u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6 \u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u4e5f\u6709\u4ee3\u8868) \uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u56e2\u4f53\u4ee3\u8868\u663e\u7136\u662f\u4ee5\u65e7\u529e\u6cd5\u9009\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u7531\u5f53\u5c40\u79d8\u5bc6\u6311\u9009\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u300a\u771f\u7406\u62a5\u300b\u751a\u81f3\u62a5\u9053\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u6536\u5230\u8bb8 \u591a\u515a\u5458\u6765\u4fe1\uff0c\u62b1\u6028\u515a\u4ee5\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u9009\u4e3e\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7 1 \/4 \u9009\u533a ( 1500 \u4e2a\u9009\u533a\u4e2d\u6709399 \u4e2a) \u7684\u9009\u6c11\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u8bf4\u9009\u6c11\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5728\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f5c\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u50cf\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9009\u7968\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5728\u6295\u7968\u65e5\u5230\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u666e\u901a\u6c11\u4f17\u6700\u521d\u90fd\u5e0c\u671b\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u6bd4\u8f83\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u7406\u7531\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e0c\u671b\u5df2\u7ecf\u7834\u706d\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5019\u9009\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53cd\u5bf9\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u90fd\u4f1a\u6295\u7968\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5212\u6389\u9009\u7968\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8868\u793a\u53cd\u6297\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5c06\u8fd1 90% \u7684\u9009\u7968\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b63\u5982\u4e00\u540d\u4f20\u8bb0\u4f5c\u5bb6\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u4ed6\u6070\u597d\u8d76 \u4e0a\u4e86\u6c11\u4f17\u53cd\u5bf9\u5b98\u50da\u673a\u5668\u7684\u597d\u65f6\u673a\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u52a8\u5458\u6c11\u4f17\u53cd\u6297\u65b9\u9762\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u9886\u5bfc\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u9769\u547d\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u516c\u6c11\u770b\u5230\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u7684\u8bba\u8c03\u88ab\u5730\u65b9\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u6240\u63a8\u7ffb\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u5f53\u5c40\u5728\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u7684\u8d25\u7ee9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1 87. 6% \u7684\u65b0\u4ee3\u8868\u90fd\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5458\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f53\u4e2d\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u515a\u653f\u673a\u5173\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u90fd\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8ff9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4fbf\u662f\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6765\u81ea\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u548c\u8fb9\u7586\u5730\u533a\u7684191 \u4f4d\u53c2\u9009\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e66\u8bb0\u5f53\u4e2d \uff0c\u6709 153 \u4f4d\u5f53\u9009\uff0c38 \u4f4d\u843d\u9009 \uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u6709 32 \u4f4d\u6562\u548c\u5bf9\u624b\u53eb\u677f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e66\u8bb0\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u51e0\u4f4d\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u7ade\u9009\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u843d\u9009\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u672a\u80fd\u5f97\u5230 50% \u7684\u9009\u7968\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f53\u9009\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u7968\u6570\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u6295\u7968\u8005\u5212\u6389\u4e86\u9009\u7968\u4e0a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\uff0c\u67091 \/6 \u7684\u6295\u7968\u8005\u5212\u6389\u4e86\u9009\u7968\u4e0a\u7684\u540d\u5b57 \uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u51e0\u4e4e\u6709 1 \/4 \u7684\u6295\u7968\u8005\u8fd9\u6837\u505a \u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u90a3\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u6709\u7ade\u9009\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u7684\u5f97\u7968\u7387\u4f4e\u4e8e 90% \u3002\u5728 \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c1989\u5e74\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5bf9\u82cf\u5171\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u91cd\u5927\u632b\u6298\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u5730\u65b9\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u5728\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5b98\u5458\u51c6\u5907\u5728\u5373\u5c06\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u7ade\u9009\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5931\u8d25\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u65e0\u7591\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4ee5\u53ca\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u8c03\u52a8\u8d77\u5927\u4f17\u5bf9\u6b63\u7edf\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3001\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u4ee5\u524d\u56e0\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u800c\u8499\u8fc7\u7f9e\u6216\u88ab\u76d1\u7981\u8fc7\uff0c\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u7ade\u9009\u65f6\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u80c6\u5730\u653b\u51fb\u6c11\u4f17\u618e\u6068\u7684\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u66f4\u52a0\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f53\u9009\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u6c11\u4f17\u4e0d\u6ee1\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u30021989\u5e74 4 \u6708\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u519b\u961f\u5728\u9a71\u6563\u7b2c\u6bd4\u5229\u65af\u975e\u66b4\u529b\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u5b50\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u957f\u671f\u793a\u5a01\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u6740\u6b7b\u4e86 19 \u4e2a\u683c\u9c81\u5409\u4e9a\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5f88\u591a\u662f\u5987\u5973\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6b21\u884c\u52a8\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6c11\u4e3b\u6d3e\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u529b\u91cf\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u65b0\u4e00\u8f6e\u66f4\u52a0\u52c7\u731b\u7684\u653b\u52bf\u3002\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u5404\u56fd\u548c\u5916\u9ad8\u52a0\u7d22\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u56e2\u4f53\u5728\u53cd\u5bf9\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u65b9\u9762\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u534f\u8c03\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u65b9\u9762\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5927\u80c6\u4e86\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u516c\u5f00\u5730\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e5f\u66f4\u52a0\u53cd\u5171\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81f3\u5c11\u5bf9\u515a\u5185\u7684\u53cd\u6c11\u4e3b\u529b\u91cf\u66f4\u5177\u654c\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6765\u8c03\u67e5\u8fd9\u6b21\u5c60\u6740\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u5305\u62ec\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u548c\u5229\u52a0\u4e54\u592b\u5728\u5185\u7684\u9ad8\u5c42\u653f\u6cbb\u9886\u8896\u5219\u8bd5\u56fe\u5426\u8ba4\u5bf9\u6b64\u8d1f\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u519b\u4e8b\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u5458\u65ad\u8a00\uff0c\u519b\u961f\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u7528\u6765\u5904\u7406\u56fd\u5185\u6cbb\u5b89\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u515a\u5185\u5b98\u5458\u3001\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u548c\u514b\u683c\u52c3\u4ee5\u53ca\u519b\u961f\u7684\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u5728\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6cbb\u5b89\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u6740\u4eba\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u5927\u5927\u5730\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5a92\u4f53\u63a5\u8fde\u6570\u6708\u6307\u8d23\u5404\u7c7b\u5b98\u5458\u548c\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u884c\u5f84\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c11\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u975e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u91cc\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fc5\u731b\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5177\u6709\u5206\u88c2\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec: \u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u683c\u9c81\u5409\u4e9a\u548c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u5c60\u6740\u884c\u4e3a\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u53cd\u611f\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u519b\u961f\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u5173\u4e8e\u4e0d\u518d\u53c2\u4e0e\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u6216\u6709\u6240\u9650\u5236\u7684\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u514b\u91cc\u59c6\u6797\u5bab\u65b9\u9762\u5bf9\u7acb\u9676\u5b9b\u3001\u62c9\u8131\u7ef4\u4e9a\u3001\u7231\u6c99\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4e0d\u987e\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u7684\u529d\u8bf4\u548c\u5a01\u5413\u7a33\u6b65\u8d70\u5411\u72ec\u7acb\u53ea\u65bd\u52a0\u4e86\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\uff0c\u514b\u91cc\u59c6\u6797\u5bab\u65b9\u9762\u5bf91989 \u5e74\u672b\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e1c\u6b27\u56fd\u5bb6\u5185\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5012\u53f0\u65e0\u6240\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u6c89\u9ed8\uff0c\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u9886\u8896\u51b3\u5b9a\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u516c\u7136\u8fdd\u6297\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u5e76\u4e14\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ef4\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6743\u529b\u800c\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u6597\u4e89\u4e2d\u5229\u7528\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

1990 \u5e74 1 \u6708\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u6c11\u4e3b\u503e\u5411\u7684\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u8054\u76df\uff0c\u5373\u8457\u540d \u7684\u201c\u6c11 \u4e3b \u4fc4\u7f57 \u65af\u201d\u3002\u53cd\u5bf9\u529b\u91cf\u7edf\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u63a8\u8fdb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728 1 \u6708\u548c 2 \u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u591a\u6b21\u4eba\u6570\u591a\u8fbe\u51e0\u5341\u4e07\u7684\u6e38\u884c\u793a\u5a01\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6e38\u884c\u793a\u5a01\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u6697\u4e2d\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5e76\u8feb\u4f7f\u82cf\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5728\u8fdd\u80cc\u5f88\u591a\u6210\u5458\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5373\u82cf\u5171\u5bf9\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u7684\u6cd5\u5b9a\u5784\u65ad\u5730\u4f4d\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u5baa\u6cd5\u7b2c\u516d\u6761\u52a0\u4ee5\u7ec8\u7ed3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u5728\u5f53\u5e74 3 \u6708\u5f88\u5feb\u7531\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c4a\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u8ba4\u53ef\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u653f\u515a\u7684\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u6700\u521d\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u4fee\u6539\u5baa\u6cd5\u7b2c\u516d\u6761\uff0c\u7406\u7531\u662f\u82cf\u5171\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u51c6\u597d\u5982\u6b64\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u540e\u6765\u5728\u8428\u54c8\u7f57\u592b\u4ee5\u53ca\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u5458\u7684\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba9\u6b65\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8206\u8bba\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u800c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u9009\u4e3e\u7ed3\u679c\u66f4\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5230 1989 \u5e74\u672b\uff0c\u7531\u624e\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u65af\u5361\u5a05\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u5168\u8054\u76df\u516c\u5171\u8206\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5728\u4e03\u4e2a\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u6709\u4e24\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u5206\u6790\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u8da3\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\u7684\u652f\u6301\u662f\u5f88\u575a\u51b3\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u201c\u5f7b\u5e95\u653e\u5f03\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u539f\u5219\u201d\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u969c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c40% \u7684\u88ab\u8c03\u67e5\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u516c\u5171\u79e9\u5e8f\u6bd4\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e24\u6761\u7406\u7531\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u53cd\u5171\u4e3b\u4e49\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u5916\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u7cbe\u660e\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u7b56\u7565\u5728 1990 \u5e74\u548c 1989 \u5e74\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u53cd\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5728\u540d\u4e49\u4e0a\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5458\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u79cd\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u5373\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u53d7\u5230\u4e25\u91cd\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u514d\u9664\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u7684\u804c\u52a1\u5e76\u91cd\u5efa\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u4e13\u653f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c1990 \u5e74\uff0c\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u4e24\u79cd\u597d\u5904\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u5728\u7684\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u53ca\u5176\u81ea\u51b3\u6743\u7684\u652f\u6301; \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8d2a\u5a6a\u3001\u6d6a\u8d39\u3001\u4e13\u5236\u800c\u65e0\u80fd\u7684\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8c34\u8d23\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bba\u8c03\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5458\u9009\u6c11\u670d\u4ece\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u66f4\u660e\u667a\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4fbf\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u53bb\u52a0\u5267\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e24\u96be\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u7231\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49( \u4e00\u79cd\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49) \uff0c\u5e76\u4f4e\u8c03\u5730\u5c55\u73b0\u660e\u786e\u7684\u53cd\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4fbf\u80fd\u591f\u8d62\u5f97\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u5728 1989 \u5e74\u30011990\u5e74\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u548c 1991 \u5e74\u7684\u603b\u7edf\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u90fd\u505a\u5f97\u5f88\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u6700\u7ec8\u4e8e 1990 \u5e74 7 \u6708\u9000\u51fa\u4e86\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u9009\u6c11\u4eec\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5c42\u548c\u4e0b\u5c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6240\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u4e3a\u5de6\u6d3e\u548c\u53f3\u6d3e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6240\u52a8\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9009\u6c11\u76f8\u4fe1\u6216\u6709\u70b9\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u5de5\u8d44\u6216\u6d88\u9664\u515a\u7684\u7279\u6743\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u6109\u5feb\u5730\u6295\u7968\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u3002\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u987e\u95ee\u4eec\u672c\u80fd\u5730\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ece 1988 \u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5c31\u4ee5\u719f\u7ec3\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u624b\u8155\u64cd\u7eb5\u7740\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u201c\u6c11\u4e3b\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8428\u54c8\u7f57\u592b\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u4e3b\u6d3e\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u51fa\u4e8e\u7b56\u7565\u4e0a\u7684\u7406\u7531\u800c\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u5e26\u6765\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5c31\u672c\u6587\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u8d62\u5f97\u6743\u529b\u8981\u5f52\u529f\u4e8e\u591a\u65b9\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6c11\u4e3b\u6d3e\u3001\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u3001\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

1990 \u5e74\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u662f\u5728\u6bd41989\u5e74\u9009\u4e3e\u66f4\u52a0\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u63cf\u7ed8\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd8\u6709\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u53ef\u89c2\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7531\u4e8e\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e0d\u5f97\u6c11\u5fc3\u7684\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u5bf9\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u6301\u7eed \u7684\u3001\u9002\u5f97\u5176\u53cd\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u4ee5 4 \u7968\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u8bae\u4f1a\u8bae\u957f\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u5728 1991 \u5e74 6 \u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5 57% \u7684\u5f97\u7968\u7387\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u65b0\u8bbe\u7acb\u7684\u603b\u7edf\u804c\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ec4\u5efa\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u5f00\u59cb\u6084\u6084\u5730\u652b\u53d6\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u5b83\u5e76\u5236\u9020\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u52a8\u5458\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u51e0\u4e4e\u5728\u4e00\u591c\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u51e0\u4e2a\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u76f8\u63d0\u5e76\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u79cd\u65cf\u5f0f\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u56fd\u5bb6\u90a3\u79cd\u5206\u88c2\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f0f\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u575a\u6301\u8981\u6c42\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u4e3b\u6743\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3b\u5f20\u8ba2\u7acb\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u8054\u76df\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6761\u7ea6\u6bd4\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u6240\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u8981\u677e\u6563\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u540c\u76df\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u6761\u7ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5728 1990 \u5e74\uff0c\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u548c\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5931\u53bb\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8d70\u5411\u4e86\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4e89\u53d6\u4e3b\u6743\u751a\u81f3\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u6295\u7968\u652f\u6301\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5728\u4e0e\u5f53\u5c40\u4f5c\u5bf9\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u516c\u5f00\u5730\u8c34\u8d23\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\uff0c\u8bf4\u4ed6\u628a\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u53cd\u8054\u76df\u3001\u53cd\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u529b\u91cf\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529b\u91cf\u73b0\u5728\u8054\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u8981\u63a8\u7ffb\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e76\u5206\u88c2\u56fd\u5bb6\u300210 \u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4fbf\u5f3a \u8feb\u4ed6\u4e0d\u518d\u652f\u6301\u6c99\u5854\u6797\u9662\u58eb\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6539\u9769\u8ba1\u5212\u300211\u6708\u548c 12 \u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c8\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u7528\u5f3a\u786c\u6d3e\u6765\u53d6\u4ee3\u66f4\u5177\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u65b9\u9762\u91c7\u53d6 \u66f4\u52a0\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n

1991\u5e74 1 \u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c8\u4ee5\u6b66\u529b\u8feb\u4f7f\u4ed6\u6279\u51c6\u7528\u519b\u4e8b\u884c\u52a8\u6765\u9547\u538b\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u5404\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5206\u88c2\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u519b\u4e8b\u884c\u52a8\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u7ef4\u5c14\u7ebd\u65af\u548c\u91cc\u52a0 18 \u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u65f6\uff0c\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u8981\u6c42\u6682\u505c\u519b\u4e8b\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5bf9\u5c40\u52bf\u4f5c\u51fa\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u6b21\u519b\u4e8b\u884c\u52a8\u635f\u5931\u60e8\u91cd\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u671b\u4ea7\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4ed6\u51c6\u5907\u6740\u6389\u51e0\u767e\u4eba\u3002\u90a3 18 \u4eba\u7684\u6b7b\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u8bae\u4f1a\u7684\u4e0a\u5343\u540d\u634d\u536b\u8005\u9003\u8dd1\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f53\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u4f5c\u597d\u4e86\u727a\u7272\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5728 48 \u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\uff0c\u90a3 18 \u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6b7b\u5bfc\u81f4\u5168\u82cf\u8054\u8bb8\u591a\u57ce\u5e02\u90fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6e38\u884c\u793a\u5a01\u3002\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u5f3a\u70c8\u8c34\u8d23\u5c60\u6740\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e76\u53f7\u53ec\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u90e8\u961f\u4e0d\u8981\u5f00\u67aa\u3002\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u519b\u4e8b\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u516c\u5f00\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u51fa\u5f00\u67aa\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5916\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u7ec4\u7ec7\u90fd\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5236\u88c1\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6208\u5c14\u4e54\u592b\u73b0 \u5728\u60f3\u575a\u51b3\u6267\u884c\u6574\u4e2a\u519b\u4e8b\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u7ef4\u5c14\u7ebd\u65af\u548c\u91cc\u52a0\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e25\u91cd\u540e\u679c\u5c06\u6210\u767e\u500d\u5730\u653e\u5927\u3002\u4ed6\u6240\u73cd\u89c6\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u58f0\u8a89\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u88ab\u770b\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u9053\u7684\u70ed\u7231\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u6bc1\u4e8e\u4e00\u65e6\u3002\u50cf\u683c\u9c81\u5409\u4e9a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u975e\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c06\u5728\u53cd\u6297\u4e2d\u9000\u51fa\u8054\u90a6\uff0c\u5c06\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u519b\u961f\u613f\u610f\u963b\u6b62\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u5c06\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u52a8\u8361\u4e0d\u5b89\u7684\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4e5f\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5411\u5f3a\u786c\u6d3e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9547\u538b\u653f\u7b56\u65e0\u6cd5\u594f\u6548\u3002\u4f1a\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5b98\u5458\u548c\u6c11\u4f17\u8d77\u6765\u53cd\u6297\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u5305\u62ec\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u3001\u514b\u683c\u52c3\u4ee5\u53ca\u519b\u961f\u91cc\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u4f1a\u8d77\u6765\u53cd\u6297\u3002<\/p>\n

1991 \u5e74 1 \u6708\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708 \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6708\u8868\u660e\u82cf\u8054\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u518d\u7ef4\u6301\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8 \u53ea\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a 15 \u4e2a\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4e2d\u7684 9\u4e2a\u6216 10 \u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u677e\u6563\u540c\u76df\u800c\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u91cc\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5185\u90e8\u4e3b\u5f20\u6539\u9769\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u7ef4\u6301\u7740\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5c60\u6740\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u96c6\u4e2d\u529b\u91cf\u8981\u628a\u6208\u5c14\u4e54\u592b\u5728 1990\u00a0\u5e74\u672b\u6240\u504f\u5411\u7684\u5f3a\u786c\u6d3e\u7acb\u573a\u626d\u8f6c\u8fc7\u6765\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u57ce\u5e02\u90fd\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u6570\u5341\u4e07\u516c\u6c11\u4e3e\u884c\u6e38\u884c\u793a\u5a01\u6d3b\u52a8\u30023\u6708 28 \u65e5\u5728\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u6e38\u884c\u793a\u5a01\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u6027\u7684\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u5728\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u5f7b\u5e95\u7981\u6b62\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u5c40\u52a8\u7528\u4e94\u4e07\u519b\u961f\u6765\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fd9\u4e00\u7981\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd9\u652f\u519b\u961f\u88ab\u6d3e\u5230\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u5e02\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u523b\uff0c\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u51b3\u5b9a\u6309\u5175\u4e0d\u52a8\uff0c\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u4ed6\u6253\u7684\u662f\u548c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u524d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u7b97\u76d8\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4ed6\u4e5f\u7a81\u7136\u51b3\u5b9a\u6682\u505c\u9547\u538b\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u6709\u751a\u8005\uff0c\u5728 3\u20144 \u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u7164\u77ff\u5de5\u4eba\u53c8\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5730\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e8e 1989 \u5e74\u590f\u5929\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u7f62\u5de5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6beb\u4e0d\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u5728 4 \u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u975e\u5e38\u52c9\u5f3a\u5730\u9010\u6e10\u653e\u5f03\u4ed6\u7684\u5f3a\u786c\u653f\u7b56\u30024\u6708 23 \u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u53bb\u5b89\u629a\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u8ba4\u771f\u5bf9\u5f85\u65b0\u7684\u8054\u76df\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5df2\u7ecf\u665a\u4e86\u4e24\u5e74\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u5f3a\u786c\u6d3e 8 \u6708 18\u201421 \u65e5 \u77ed\u6682\u7684\u653f\u53d8\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u57ae\u53f0\uff0c\u5e76\u572812 \u6708\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3 \u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u6765\u81ea\u975e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u8bfb\u4e86\u963f\u5361\u72c4\u00b7\u74e6\u514b\u65af\u4f2f\u683c ( Arkady Vaksberg) \u7684\u5927\u4f5c\u300a\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u9ed1 \u793e\u4f1a\u300b\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0d\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u4ed6\u4eec\u5173\u4e8e\u82cf\u8054\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u74e6\u514b\u65af\u4f2f\u683c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u653f\u6cbb\u5934\u76ee\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u5934\u76ee\u4e4b\u95f4\u957f\u671f\u9690\u853d\u7684\u4e92\u5229\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u8150\u5316\u7684\u52c3\u70c8\u65e5\u6d85\u592b\u65f6\u4ee3\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3a\u5b98\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d22\u7269\u3001\u73b0\u91d1\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5b98\u5458\u5219\u4e3a\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u5934\u76ee\u63d0\u4f9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4fdd\u62a4\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u906d\u902e\u6355\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b98\u5458\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u5f0f\u52a0\u5165\u67d0\u4e2a\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u4f46\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b98\u5458\u5982\u679c\u4f5c\u51fa\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5229\u76ca\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u6216\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u5229\u76ca\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u9762\u4e34\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6df1\u5165\u6216\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e86\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u653f\u5ba2\u4e0e\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u5934\u76ee\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fd9\u79cd\u677e\u6563\u8054\u5408\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u5229\u76ca\u5c31\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u53ca\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5784\u65ad\u4ef7\u683c\u3002\u589e\u52a0\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u52bf\u529b\u8303\u56f4\u6216\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u957f\u671f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e3a\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u65e2\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6311\u6218\u53c8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u673a\u9047\u3002<\/p>\n

\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5927\u591a\u6570 ( \u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u662f\u8fd9\u6837)\u5e76\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u800c\u662f\u53cd\u5bf9\u5f3a\u786c\u6d3e 1991 \u5e74 8 \u6708\u7684\u653f\u53d8\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u8bb8\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8054\u76df\u7684\u89e3\u4f53\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u5728\u4e8e\u63a8\u52a8\u5c40\u52bf\u548c\u5e73\u5730\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u540e\u8054\u76df\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u4ecd\u7136\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5185\u5b83\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u4f19\u4f34\u624b\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u540e\u7684\u72c2\u6b22<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u79cd\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7b80\u8981\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230: \u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u6b63\u7edf\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u6216\u201c\u5f53\u5c40\u201d\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u6ee1\u4f7f\u5f97\u6c11\u4f17\u6295\u7968\u652f\u6301\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u6d3e\u548c\u5404\u8272\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u6d3e\u8054\u76df\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8054\u76df\u9886\u5bfc\u7740\u53cd\u5bf9\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u91c7\u77ff\u4e1a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u6ee1\u652f\u6301\u7740\u7f62\u5de5\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f62\u5de5\u884c\u52a8\u5728 1989 \u5e74\u590f\u5929\u548c 1991 \u5e74 3\u20144 \u6708\u4efd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u65f6\u523b\u4e25\u91cd\u52a8\u6447\u4e86\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u201c\u5f3a\u5236\u673a\u5173\u201d\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5173\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b58\u7eed\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u6ee1\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u8bf8\u591a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u82cf\u5171\u53ca\u5176\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u540c\u76df\u91c7\u53d6\u5b88\u52bf\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f5c\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u8270\u96be\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5206\u5316\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u672c\u6587\u5f00\u7bc7\u6240\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u638c\u6743\u516d\u5e74\u540e\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u89e3\u4f53\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u53bb\u4e16 \u6216\u65e9\u70b9\u88ab\u8d76\u4e0b\u53f0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u66f4\u7f13\u6162\u5730\u63a8\u8fdb\u653f\u6cbb\u81ea\u7531\u5316\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ed6\u5728 1988 \u5e74\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u8428\u54c8\u7f57\u592b\u4e0e\u5c24\u91cc\u00b7\u963f\u6cd5\u7eb3\u897f\u8036\u592b\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u800c\u65e9\u4e24\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u534f\u5546\u65b0\u7684\u8054 \u76df \u6761 \u7ea6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u82cf\u8054\u6216\u8bb8\u8fd8\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5f97\u66f4\u4e45\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002<\/p>\n

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