\u6765\u6e90: \u6700\u7231\u5386\u53f2<\/p>\n
\u674e\u6556\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u4e16\u6709\u201c\u4e09\u5927\u6587\u5996\u201d\u2014\u2014\u753b\u88f8\u4f53\u6a21\u7279\u7684\u753b\u5bb6\u5218\u6d77\u7c9f\uff0c\u5199\u300a\u6027\u53f2\u300b\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f20\u7ade\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d41\u884c\u97f3\u4e50\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u6ee9\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u53ef\u8c13\u65e0\u4eba\u4e0d\u77e5\u65e0\u4eba\u4e0d\u6653\u3002\u7531\u4ed6\u521b\u4f5c\u6216\u6539\u7f16\u7684\u6b4c\u66f2\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4e3a\u4eba\u719f\u77e5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u9996\u6700\u8fd1\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u4f60\u7231\u6211\u5440\u6211\u7231\u4f60\u201d\u7684\u6d17\u8111\u795e\u66f2\u706b\u7206\u5168\u7f51\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u9996\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e45\u8fdc\u7684\u66f2\u5b50\u51fa\u81ea19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c11\u8c23\u300a\u54e6\uff0c\u82cf\u73ca\u5a1c\u300b\uff08Oh,Susanna\uff09\u30021932\u5e74\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u9996\u6b21\u5c06\u5176\u5f15\u8fdb\u56fd\u5185\uff0c\u6539\u7f16\u4e3a\u6b4c\u66f2\u300a\u82cf\u4e09\u4e0d\u8981\u54ed\u300b\uff0c\u7531\u5973\u6b4c\u624b\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u6f14\u5531\uff0c\u6b22\u5feb\u66f2\u8c03\u4e2d\u9690\u542b\u7740\u60b2\u5267\u7684\u5185\u6838\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6bb5\u719f\u6089\u7684\u65cb\u5f8b\u88ab\u586b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6b4c\u8bcd\u6d41\u4f20\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u5374\u9c9c\u6709\u4eba\u518d\u8ffd\u5fc6\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u60b2\u6b22\u79bb\u5408\uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u6c5f\u5c71\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u51c4\u60f6\u7684\u6cea\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b220\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u660e\u6708\u6b4c\u821e\u56e2\u6392\u7ec3\u8282\u76ee<\/p>\n
1<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u6587\u5316\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u53e6\u7c7b\u65d7\u624b\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5531\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b4c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u5531\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u6700\u666e\u904d\u7684\u6b4c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
1927\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5b64\u72ec\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u6ee9\u5f15\u9886\u4e2d\u56fd\u6d41\u884c\u6b4c\u575b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u6700\u98ce\u5149\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e00\u652f\u7b14\u53ef\u4ee5\u517b\u6d3b\u51e0\u5341\u53e3\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u6392\u513f\u7ae5\u6b4c\u821e\u5267\u6210\u540d\uff0c\u4e00\u9996\u300a\u8001\u864e\u53eb\u95e8\u300b\uff08\u5373\u300a\u5c0f\u5154\u5b50\u4e56\u4e56\u300b\u521d\u4ee3\u7248\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u56fd\u4eba\u6700\u719f\u6089\u7684\u513f\u6b4c\u4e4b\u4e00\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u8f6c\u800c\u53d1\u5c55\u6d41\u884c\u4e50\uff0c\u521b\u529e\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u660e\u6708\u6b4c\u821e\u56e2\uff0c\u96c6\u7ed3\u5728\u4ed6\u65d7\u4e0b\u7684\u6709\u4f5c\u66f2\u5bb6\u8042\u8033\u3001\u9ece\u9526\u5149\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6f14\u5458\u5468\u7487\u3001\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u3001\u9ece\u8389\u8389\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u521b\u4f5c\u300a\u6bdb\u6bdb\u96e8\u300b\u300a\u4eba\u9762\u6843\u82b1\u300b\u7b49\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u9996\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c11\u8c23\u300a\u5662\uff0c\u82cf\u73ca\u5a1c\u300b\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8033\u7554\u594f\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d41\u884c\u97f3\u4e50\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\u9ece\u9526\u6656<\/p>\n
\u300a\u5662\uff0c\u82cf\u73ca\u5a1c\u300b\u8bde\u751f\u4e8e1847\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u65af\u8482\u82ac\u00b7\u798f\u65af\u7279\u8c31\u5199\u7684\u6b4c\u66f2\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u53cd\u8bbd\u79cd\u65cf\u6b67\u89c6\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65af\u8482\u82ac\u00b7\u798f\u65af\u7279\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u65b0\u5927\u9646\u79fb\u6c11\u7684\u72c2\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e9\u5e74\u5728\u68c9\u82b1\u4ed3\u5e93\u5f53\u8fc7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u9ed1\u4eba\u97f3\u4e50\u3002\u4ed6\u5c06\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5c0f\u4eba\u7269\u8fdc\u79bb\u5bb6\u4e61\uff0c\u82e6\u82e6\u8ffd\u6c42\u604b\u4eba\u7684\u8f9b\u9178\u5199\u5728\u6b4c\u91cc\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u6211\u6765\u81ea\u963f\u62c9\u5df4\u9a6c\uff0c
\n\u5e26\u7740\u5fc3\u7231\u7684\u4e94\u5f26\u7434\uff0c
\n\u8981\u8d76\u5230\u8def\u6613\u65af\u5b89\u90a3\uff0c
\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bfb\u627e\u6211\u7231\u7684\u4eba\u2026\u2026
\n\u82cf\u73ca\u5a1c\uff0c\u522b\u54ed\u6ce3\uff0c
\n\u5662\uff0c\u82cf\u73ca\u5a1c\uff0c\u4f60\u522b\u4e3a\u6211\u54ed\u6ce3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u798f\u65af\u7279\u53ea\u670921\u5c81\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ed6\u7edd\u5bf9\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u51e0\u6bb5\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65cb\u5f8b\u5c06\u5728\u6f2b\u957f\u5c81\u6708\u4e2d\u8de8\u8d8a\u6587\u5316\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u4e3a\u65e0\u6570\u4eba\u4f20\u5531\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u9996\u66f2\u8c03\u6b22\u5feb\u7684\u6b4c\u66f2\uff0c\u6d41\u4f20\u5728\u6dd8\u91d1\u70ed\u65f6\u671f\u6d8c\u5411\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u5192\u9669\u8005\u53e3\u4e2d\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u79c0\u5170\u00b7\u9093\u6ce2\u513f\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f34\u968f\u65b0\u6587\u5316\u7684\u98ce\u98d8\u5230\u4e86\u4e0a\u6d77\u6ee9\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u5357\u4e0b\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u8fd1\u5e74\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u5f71\u89c6\u3001\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u8fd8\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u8eab\u5f71\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300a\u5662\uff0c\u82cf\u73ca\u5a1c\u300b\u53ea\u4ee5100\u7f8e\u5143\u5356\u7ed9\u4e86\u97f3\u4e50\u51fa\u7248\u5546\uff0c1864\u5e74\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u8005\u65af\u8482\u82ac\u00b7\u798f\u65af\u7279\u5728\u8d2b\u56f0\u4e2d\u53bb\u4e16\u3002\u798f\u65af\u7279\u7684\u6b4c\u4e00\u5ea6\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5357\u5317\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\u9ed1\u5974\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u652f\u67f1\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u5230\u6218\u4e89\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u5929\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u300a\u5662\uff0c\u82cf\u73ca\u5a1c\u300b\u662f\u4e00\u9996\u5e26\u7740\u9ed1\u4eba\u97f3\u4e50\u7279\u8272\u7684\u6b4c<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u9996\u751c\u4e2d\u5e26\u82e6\u7684\u6b4c\u66f2\u4f20\u5230\u4e86\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u5355\u7eaf\u8fdb\u884c\u76f4\u8bd1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u6b4c\u4e2d\u6545\u4e8b\u642c\u5230\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5c06\u6b4c\u8bcd\u4e2d\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u540d\u8bcd\u90fd\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u4e86\u63a5\u5730\u6c14\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bcd\u6c47\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300a\u5662\uff0c\u82cf\u73ca\u5a1c\u300b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7248\u672c\u300a\u82cf\u4e09\u4e0d\u8981\u54ed\u300b\u5c31\u6b64\u8bde\u751f\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u6211\u60f3\u53bb\u5357\u6d0b\u7fa4\u5c9b\uff0c\u6000\u62b1\u7435\u7436\u4e00\u5757\u8dd1\u3002
\n\u6211\u60f3\u5230\u54c8\u5c14\u6ee8\u53bb\uff0c\u627e\u90a3\u4eb2\u4eb2\u5c0f\u5a07\u5a07\uff0c
\n\u8d77\u8eab\u65f6\u96e8\u771f\u4e0d\u5c0f\uff0c\u53ef\u6068\u5929\u6c14\u592a\u5e72\u71e5\u3002
\n\u7ed9\u90a3\u96ea\u98ce\u5439\u5f97\u70ed\u96be\u71ac\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u5f26\u7434\u53d8\u6210\u7435\u7436\uff0c\u5357\u6d0b\u7fa4\u5c9b\u4ee3\u66ff\u963f\u62c9\u5df4\u9a6c\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u7231\u7684\u4eba\u82cf\u73ca\u5a1c\u201d\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u4eb2\u4eb2\u5c0f\u5a07\u5a07\u82cf\u4e09\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\u5e95\u5c42\u4eba\u6c11\u56db\u5904\u6f02\u6cca\u7684\u6101\u82e6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u201c\u82cf\u4e09\u201d\u4e5f\u8bb8\u53ea\u662f\u4e2a\u5e73\u51e1\u7684\u5973\u5b69\u3002\u5728\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u5979\u201c\u4ece\u5c71\u5c16\u5f80\u4e0b\u51b2\uff0c\u5634\u91cc\u54ac\u4f4f\u4e00\u5f20\u5927\u997c\uff0c\u773c\u775b\u54ed\u5f97\u7ea2\u4e14\u80bf\u201d\uff0c\u7231\u5979\u7684\u7537\u5b69\u4e0d\u5fcd\u5fc3\u770b\u5979\u54ed\u6ce3\uff0c\u8bf4\u4f60\u8ddf\u6211\u4e00\u5757\u8d70\u5427\uff0c\u6000\u62b1\u7435\u7436\u4e00\u5757\u8dd1\uff01<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u9996\u6b4c\u5f53\u65f6\u6709\u591a\u706b\uff1f\u5f20\u7231\u73b2\u5728\u300a\u6d41\u8a00\u00b7\u79c1\u8bed\u300b\u4e2d\u56de\u5fc6\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u9634\u6697\u4ea4\u754c\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\uff0c\u770b\u5f97\u89c1\u9633\u5149\uff0c\u542c\u5f97\u89c1\u7535\u8f66\u7684\u94c3\u4e0e\u5927\u51cf\u4ef7\u7684\u5e03\u5e97\u91cc\u4e00\u904d\u53c8\u4e00\u904d\u5439\u6253\u7740\u2018\u82cf\u4e09\u4e0d\u8981\u54ed\u2019\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u9633\u5149\u91cc\u53ea\u6709\u660f\u7761\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5546\u573a\u4e2d\u5faa\u73af\u64ad\u653e\u7684\u300a\u82cf\u4e09\u4e0d\u8981\u54ed\u300b\uff0c\u706b\u7206\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5927\u6982\u4e0d\u900a\u8272\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u6d17\u8111\u795e\u66f2\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u5199\u7684\u6b4c\u706b\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u6367\u7684\u6b4c\u624b\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ea2\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300a\u82cf\u4e09\u4e0d\u8981\u54ed\u300b\u539f\u5531\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\uff0c\u662f\u6c11\u56fd\u7684\u4f20\u5947\u5973\u661f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u4e66\u9999\u95e8\u7b2c\uff0c\u662f\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u7684\u6e56\u5357\u8001\u4e61\u3002\u5979\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u738b\u6b63\u67a2\u5728\u6e56\u5357\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e08\u8303\u5b66\u6821\u5f53\u8fc7\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u800c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u7684\u5927\u54e5\u9ece\u9526\u7199\u4e5f\u66fe\u5728\u8fd9\u6240\u5b66\u6821\u4efb\u6559\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u5386\u53f2\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4ed6\u4eec\u73ed\u4e0a\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u6bdb\u6da6\u4e4b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u6a21\u7cca\u5730\u8bb0\u5f97\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6bdb\u6df1\u53d7\u8001\u5e08\u4eec\u5668\u91cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ecf\u5e38\u4e0e\u5979\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u54e5\u54e5\u7531\u5bb6\u91cc\u7684\u5c0f\u95e8\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u6cbf\u57ce\u5899\u6e38\u89c8\u5929\u5fc3\u9601\u3002\u4ed6\u7231\u5750\u5728\u57ce\u5899\u4e0a\uff0c\u4fef\u77b0\u6ed4\u6ed4\u7684\u6e58\u6c5f\uff0c\u541f\u8bf5\u51e0\u9996\u53e4\u4eba\u7684\u8bd7\u8bcd\uff0c\u6bcf\u5230\u6177\u6168\u6fc0\u6602\u5904\uff0c\u5c31\u5927\u6b65\u5730\u6765\u56de\u8d70\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c13\u5c81\u7684\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u9009\u62e9\u4ece\u827a\uff0c\u6765\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u6240\u521b\u529e\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u7f8e\u7f8e\u5973\u6821\u7684\u5b66\u5458\uff0c\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\u52a0\u5165\u660e\u6708\u6b4c\u821e\u56e2\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\uff081914-1987\uff09<\/p>\n
\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u662f\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u597d\u8001\u677f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u5728\u81ea\u4f20\u4e2d\u56de\u5fc6\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u7f8e\u7f8e\u5973\u6821\uff0c\u4e0d\u62dc\u5e08\u3001\u4e0d\u7acb\u5951\u7ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u8eab\u675f\u7f1a\u3002\u9ece\u5148\u751f\u4f9b\u6211\u4eec\u5403\u4f4f\uff0c\u6559\u6211\u4eec\u6b4c\u821e\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u53c2\u52a0\u6f14\u51fa\u540e\uff0c\u6bcf\u6f14\u4e00\u573a\uff0c\u4ed6\u90fd\u62bd\u51fa\u90e8\u5206\u6536\u5165\u5206\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u4e0e\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u90fd\u628a\u660e\u6708\u6b4c\u821e\u56e2\u5f53\u4f5c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ece\u6b4c\u821e\u8f6c\u5411\u94f6\u5e55\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u524d\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6f14\u5531\u300a\u82cf\u4e09\u4e0d\u8981\u54ed\u300b\u65f6\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u7684\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4e0a\u5347\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n
1934\u5e74\uff0c\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u4e3b\u6f14\u4e86\u8521\u695a\u751f\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u6e14\u5149\u66f2\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u90e8\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u8bfe\u672c\u4e2d\u5360\u636e\u4e00\u5e2d\u4e4b\u5730\u7684\u5f71\u7247\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u83b7\u5f97\u56fd\u9645\u5956\u9879\u7684\u7535\u5f71\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u5728\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u7535\u5f71\u8282\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u8363\u8a89\u5956\u3002\u300a\u6e14\u5149\u66f2\u300b\u4e0a\u6620\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u8fde\u662084\u5929\uff0c\u53cd\u54cd\u7a7a\u524d\uff0c\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u9970\u6f14\u7684\u6e14\u5bb6\u5c11\u5973\u5c0f\u732b\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51c4\u7f8e\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u5fd8\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u300a\u6e14\u5149\u66f2\u300b\u6d77\u62a5<\/p>\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7535\u5f71\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6b63\u9677\u5165\u5371\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n
\u201c\u4e5d\u00b7\u4e00\u516b\u201d\u4e8b\u53d8\u540e\uff0c\u65e5\u519b\u4fb5\u5360\u4e1c\u5317\uff0c\u60b2\u6006\u7684\u300a\u677e\u82b1\u6c5f\u4e0a\u300b\u5982\u6ce3\u5982\u8bc9\uff0c3000\u591a\u4e07\u540c\u80de\u6ca6\u4e3a\u4ea1\u56fd\u5974\u30021933\u5e74\uff0c\u91ce\u5fc3\u52c3\u52c3\u7684\u65e5\u519b\u5c06\u6218\u706b\u5f25\u6f2b\u81f3\u957f\u57ce\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u4eba\u5728\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u57ce\u5899\u4e0b\u62fc\u6b7b\u62b5\u6321\u5176\u51f6\u731b\u653b\u52bf\uff0c\u53f2\u79f0\u201c\u957f\u57ce\u6297\u6218\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300a\u6e14\u5149\u66f2\u300b\u83b7\u5956\u90a3\u5e74\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u652f\u63f4\u6297\u65e5\u6551\u4ea1\uff0c\u7531\u7530\u6c49\u53c2\u4e0e\u7f16\u5267\u7684\u300a\u98ce\u4e91\u513f\u5973\u300b\u4e0a\u6620\uff0c\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u5728\u5f71\u7247\u4e2d\u51fa\u6f14\u5973\u4e3b\u89d2\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u7535\u5f71\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u66f2\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u8042\u8033\u4f5c\u66f2\u7684\u300a\u4e49\u52c7\u519b\u8fdb\u884c\u66f2\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n
2<\/p>\n
\u8042\u8033\u7684\u7b14\u540d\uff0c\u4e00\u8bf4\u4e3a\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u6240\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n
1931\u5e74\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u4e91\u5357\u7684\u5931\u4e1a\u9752\u5e74\u8042\u7d2b\u827a\u62a5\u8003\u4e86\u660e\u6708\u6b4c\u5267\u793e\uff08\u524d\u8eab\u4e3a\u660e\u6708\u6b4c\u821e\u56e2\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u533b\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u4ece\u5c0f\u5b66\u4e50\u5668\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u52a0\u5165\u9769\u547d\u961f\u4f0d\uff0c\u5f53\u8fc7\u51e0\u5e74\u5175\uff0c\u90e8\u961f\u89e3\u6563\u540e\u8f97\u8f6c\u6765\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u51e0\u5e74\u4e0d\u78b0\u4e50\u5668\uff0c\u8042\u7d2b\u827a\u5728\u9762\u8bd5\u65f6\u8fde\u8fde\u5931\u8bef\uff0c\u5f39\u94a2\u7434\u65f6\u97f3\u9636\u6709\u4e9b\u9519\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8001\u677f\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u4e86\u89e3\u8042\u7d2b\u827a\u7684\u7b80\u5386\u540e\uff0c\u60f3\u7834\u683c\u5f55\u53d6\u4ed6\u3002\u4ed6\u95ee\u540c\u4e8b\u738b\u4eba\u827a\uff08\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u4e4b\u5144\uff09\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u5b69\u5b50\u4e3a\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u201d\u738b\u4eba\u827a\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u521d\u6b21\u89c1\u9762\uff0c\u8c08\u4e0d\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u5c31\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u72ec\u81ea\u95ef\u8361\uff0c\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u97f3\u4e50\u6c34\u5e73\u5dee\u70b9\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f60\u6765\u6559\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u8042\u7d2b\u827a\u52a0\u5165\u660e\u6708\u6b4c\u5267\u793e\uff0c\u738b\u4eba\u827a\u6210\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u82f1\u96c4\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6709\u4e86\u7528\u6b66\u4e4b\u5730\u3002\u8042\u7d2b\u827a\u5728\u660e\u6708\u793e\u65f6\u4e0e\u540c\u4e8b\u76f8\u5904\u878d\u6d3d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u8033\u6735\u7279\u522b\u7075\u654f\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4eb2\u5207\u5730\u53eb\u4ed6\u201c\u8033\u6735\u5148\u751f\u201d\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u4fbf\u4e3a\u4ed6\u53d6\u7b14\u540d\u201c\u8042\u8033\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u8042\u8033\uff08\u4e2d\uff09\u5728\u660e\u6708\u793e\u65f6\u4e0e\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u8001\u5e08\u738b\u4eba\u827a\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5408\u5f71<\/p>\n
\u4e0e\u8042\u8033\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u5165\u660e\u6708\u6b4c\u5267\u793e\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\u5468\u7487\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5979\u53eb\u5468\u5c0f\u7ea2\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5468\u7487\u8eab\u4e16\u60b2\u60e8\uff0c\u5979\u4ece\u5c0f\u5c31\u88ab\u62d0\u5356\uff0c\u540e\u56e0\u5bb6\u5883\u8d2b\u56f0\uff0c\u9669\u4e9b\u88ab\u517b\u7236\u5356\u53bb\u5f53\u5993\u5973\uff0c\u9003\u8fc7\u4e00\u52ab\u540e\u5230\u4e00\u5bb6\u8336\u9986\u5e2e\u4f63\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7ecf\u4eba\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6765\u5230\u660e\u6708\u6b4c\u5267\u793e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9762\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u8ba9\u5468\u5c0f\u7ea2\u54fc\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u6c5f\u6d59\u5c0f\u8c03\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5979\u7684\u55d3\u97f3\u5f88\u7279\u522b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u89c4\u8bad\u7ec3\u540e\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u6709\u524d\u9014\uff0c\u5c31\u5c06\u5979\u7559\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5173\u4e8e\u5468\u7487\u827a\u540d\u7684\u7531\u6765\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u6545\u4e8b\u30021932\u5e74\uff0c\u201c\u4e00\u00b7\u4e8c\u516b\u201d\u6dde\u6caa\u6297\u6218\u65f6\uff0c\u660e\u6708\u6b4c\u5267\u793e\u6f14\u51fa\u7231\u56fd\u6b4c\u821e\u5267\u300a\u91ce\u73ab\u7470\u300b\uff0c\u5468\u5c0f\u7ea2\u5728\u5267\u4e2d\u5531\u4e86\u4e00\u9996\u6b4c\u66f2\u300a\u6c11\u65cf\u4e4b\u5149\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u53e5\u6b4c\u8bcd\uff1a\u201c\u4e0e\u654c\u4eba\u5468\u65cb\u4e8e\u6c99\u573a\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u5468\u5c0f\u7ea2\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u540d\u5b57\u592a\u4fd7\uff0c\u8981\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u5e2e\u5fd9\u6539\u540d\u3002\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u60f3\u5230\u8fd9\u53e5\u6b4c\u8bcd\uff0c\u8ba9\u5979\u6539\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u5468\u7487\u201d\u3002\u7487\u4e3a\u7f8e\u7389\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u91d1\u55d3\u5b50\u201d\u7684\u6b4c\u5973\uff0c\u5374\u5c06\u5728\u65e5\u540e\u5386\u7ecf\u574e\u5777\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u5468\u7487\uff081920-1957\uff09<\/p>\n
\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u7684\u4e03\u5f1f\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u8fc7\u5317\u4f10\u7684\u9ece\u9526\u5149\u4e5f\u5728\u5927\u9769\u547d\u5931\u8d25\u540e\u6b7b\u91cc\u9003\u751f\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u6295\u8eab\u827a\u672f\u521b\u4f5c\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u660e\u6708\u793e\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u4f5c\u66f2\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u521b\u529e\u7684\u7f8e\u7f8e\u5973\u6821\u4e0e\u660e\u6708\u6b4c\u5267\u793e\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u54cd\u5f53\u5f53\u7684\u660e\u661f\u6447\u7bee\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u5916\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u8fd8\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u4e86\u5973\u513f\u9ece\u660e\u6656\u3002\u5979\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\u6700\u65e9\u767b\u4e0a\u8bdd\u5267\u821e\u53f0\u7684\u5973\u6f14\u5458\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u5f71\u575b\u540e\u56e0\u591a\u6b21\u9970\u6f14\u5929\u771f\u70c2\u6f2b\u7684\u5c11\u5973\uff0c\u88ab\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5f71\u8ff7\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5c0f\u59b9\u59b9\u201d\uff0c\u4e0e\u962e\u73b2\u7389\u3001\u80e1\u8776\u9f50\u540d\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u9996\u6d41\u884c\u6b4c\u66f2\u300a\u6bdb\u6bdb\u96e8\u300b\u7684\u539f\u5531\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u517b\u5973\uff0c\u827a\u540d\u53eb\u9ece\u8389\u8389\u3002\u5979\u7684\u4eb2\u751f\u7236\u4eb2\u662f”\u9f99\u6f6d\u4e09\u6770”\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u94b1\u58ee\u98de\uff0c\u56e0\u53c2\u52a0\u9769\u547d\u540e\u957f\u671f\u4ece\u4e8b\u5730\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u94b1\u58ee\u98de\u5c06\u5973\u513f\u6258\u4ed8\u7ed9\u4e86\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u9ece\u8389\u8389\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0a\u6d77\u6ee9\u7684\u660e\u661f\uff0c\u540d\u58f0\u5728\u5916\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f97\u5230\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u5728\u521b\u4e1a\u8def\u4e0a\u82e6\u903c\u5f97\u5f88\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u201c\u594b\u6597\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u6bc1\u5bb6\u4e94\u6b21\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5584\u7406\u8d22\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u61c2\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u660e\u661f\u79bb\u5f00\u660e\u6708\u793e\u540e\u90fd\u7ea2\u4e86\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u660e\u6708\u793e\u5374\u9ec4\u4e86\u3002\u6700\u60e8\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u660e\u6708\u793e\u4e0b\u5357\u6d0b\u6f14\u51fa\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u94b1\u56de\u5bb6\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u88ab\u56f0\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u957f\u8fbe\u4e00\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u9ece\u8389\u8389\uff081915-2005\uff09\uff0c\u539f\u540d\u94b1\u84c1\u84c1\uff0c\u94b1\u58ee\u98de\u70c8\u58eb\u4e4b\u5973<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6b4c\u66f2\u521b\u4f5c\u4e0a\uff0c\u793e\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e5f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u5144\u5f1f\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u6c11\u767e\u59d3\u90fd\u80fd\u5531\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6b4c\uff0c\u800c\u8042\u8033\u7b49\u5de6\u7ffc\u97f3\u4e50\u4eba\u4e0d\u4ec5\u60f3\u521b\u4f5c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6b4c\uff0c\u66f4\u63d0\u51fa\u8981\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u82e6\u5927\u4f17\u521b\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3a\u5de5\u4eba\u519c\u6c11\u53d1\u58f0\uff0c\u8981\u7684\u662f\u201c\u771f\u5200\u771f\u67aa\u7684\u786c\u529f\u592b\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b66\u8005\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u83f2\u65af\u514b\u5728\u300a\u7406\u89e3\u5927\u4f17\u6587\u5316\u300b\u4e2d\u6709\u8fc7\u4e00\u756a\u8bba\u8ff0\uff1a\u201c\u5927\u4f17\u6587\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u6d88\u8d39\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6587\u5316\u2026\u2026\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u65e0\u8bba\u600e\u6837\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6839\u636e\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u4e70\u5356\uff0c\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5dee\u5f3a\u4eba\u610f\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u5f90\u6765\u3001\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u3001\u9ece\u660e\u6656\u3001\u962e\u73b2\u7389\u7b49\u5973\u660e\u661f<\/p>\n
3<\/p>\n
\u8f6c\u773c\u95f4\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u79bb\u522b\u7684\u5b63\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n
1932\u5e74\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u7684\u4e03\u5f1f\uff0c\u9ec4\u57d4\u519b\u6821\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7684\u9ece\u9526\u5149\u4e0e\u540c\u6837\u5f53\u8fc7\u5175\u7684\u8042\u8033\uff0c\u5728\u793e\u5185\u5f00\u4f1a\u65f6\u5927\u5435\u4e00\u67b6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5973\u6f14\u5458\u90fd\u88ab\u5413\u54ed\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u8042\u8033\u5728\u62a5\u4e0a\u520a\u767b\u542f\u4e8b\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u201c\u56e0\u5fd7\u8da3\u4e0d\u5408\uff0c\u81ea\u613f\u8131\u79bb\u660e\u6708\u793e\u201d\u30021935\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u300a\u4e49\u52c7\u519b\u8fdb\u884c\u66f2\u300b\u521d\u7a3f\u4e0d\u4e45\u540e\u4e0d\u5e78\u6eba\u4ea1\uff0c\u5e74\u4ec523\u5c81\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u97f3\u4e50\u5bb6\u5927\u81f4\u5206\u6210\u4e86\u4e24\u652f\uff0c\u4e00\u652f\u662f\u4ee5\u9ece\u6c0f\u5144\u5f1f\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u97f3\u4e50\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u652f\u662f\u4ee5\u8042\u8033\u3001\u51bc\u661f\u6d77\u7b49\u4eba\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u7fa4\u4f17\u6b4c\u66f2\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5199\u6b4c\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u8042\u8033\uff081912-1935\uff09<\/p>\n
\u9a82\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u5c11\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u79d1\u73ed\u51fa\u8eab\u7684\u5b66\u9662\u6d3e\uff0c\u8bf4\u975e\u5b66\u9662\u51fa\u8eab\u7684\u4ed6\u201c\u53ea\u4f1a\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c11\u95f4\u4fd7\u8c03\uff0c\u914d\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6deb\u8361\u7684\u8bcd\u53e5\u201d\uff0c\u6b4c\u66f2\u65e0\u5f02\u4e8e\u201c\u53d8\u76f8\u7684\u9e26\u7247\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b66\u9662\u6d3e\u7684\u8d3a\u7eff\u6c40\u751a\u81f3\u6279\u8bc4\u9ece\u6c0f\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u4ee3\u8868\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6700\u5815\u843d\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e86\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5374\u4e5f\u53d7\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u7ecf\u4e45\u4e0d\u8870\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e14\u5e26\u7740\u5178\u578b\u7684\u9ece\u6c0f\u98ce\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8d3a\u7eff\u6c40\u4e3a\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u5468\u7487\u5199\u4e86\u300a\u56db\u5b63\u6b4c\u300b\uff08\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u9a6c\u8def\u5929\u4f7f\u300b\u4e3b\u9898\u66f2\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6279\u5224\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u7684\u4f5c\u66f2\u5bb6\u5218\u96ea\u5eb5\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u300a\u4f55\u65e5\u541b\u518d\u6765\u300b\uff0c\u88ab\u9ece\u8389\u8389\u4e3b\u6f14\u7684\u6297\u6218\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u5b64\u5c9b\u5929\u5802\u300b\u9009\u4e3a\u63d2\u66f2\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u603b\u4f1a\u8bc1\u660e\u4e00\u5207\u3002<\/p>\n
\u968f\u7740\u4eb2\u670b\u631a\u53cb\u6e10\u6e10\u79bb\u5f00\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u7684\u660e\u6708\u793e\u4e0d\u590d\u5f53\u5e74\u7684\u751f\u673a\u52c3\u52c3\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u52301933\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd1\u4e94\u5206\u4e4b\u56db\u7684\u793e\u5458\u79bb\u56e2\u53e6\u8c0b\u51fa\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e8b\u4e1a\u53d7\u632b\uff0c\u60c5\u573a\u4e5f\u5931\u610f\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u5f90\u6765\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u6709\u540d\u7684\u5973\u660e\u661f\uff0c\u56e0\u957f\u5f97\u6807\u81f4\uff0c\u88ab\u56fd\u519b\u5c06\u9886\u5510\u751f\u660e\uff08\u5510\u751f\u667a\u4e4b\u5f1f\uff09\u770b\u4e0a\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u6ee9\u4f20\u6765\u4e86\u962e\u73b2\u7389\u81ea\u6740\u7684\u5669\u8017\uff0c\u5f90\u6765\u4e0d\u7531\u5f97\u5fc3\u751f\u6050\u60e7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5510\u751f\u660e\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u901a\u8fc7\u6234\u7b20\u7ed9\u9ece\u5bb6\u53d1\u6050\u5413\u4fe1\u3001\u5bc4\u5b50\u5f39\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u53c8\u6258\u4eba\u7a7f\u9488\u5f15\u7ebf\uff0c\u903c\u8feb\u5f90\u6765\u4e0e\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u79bb\u5a5a\uff0c\u5c06\u7f8e\u4eba\u6402\u5165\u6000\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4f4d\u98ce\u6d41\u5c06\u519b\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u6f5c\u4f0f\u5728\u6c6a\u4f2a\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5367\u5e95\uff0c\u4e3a\u6297\u65e5\u4f20\u9012\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u53ef\u9760\u60c5\u62a5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e2a\u624b\u65e0\u7f1a\u9e21\u4e4b\u529b\u7684\u6587\u4eba\uff0c\u5bf9\u59bb\u5b50\u7684\u79bb\u53bb\u65e0\u53ef\u5948\u4f55\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u5f90\u6765\uff081909-1973\uff09<\/p>\n
1936\u5e74\uff0c\u5c71\u96e8\u6b32\u6765\u98ce\u6ee1\u697c\uff0c\u60e8\u6de1\u7ecf\u8425\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u9eef\u7136\u79bb\u5f00\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u521b\u4f5c\u751f\u6daf\u3002\u7834\u4ea7\u540e\u7684\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u4fe1\u5b88\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u5f53\u5e74\u660e\u6708\u793e\u6b20\u4e0b\u7684\u503a\u52a1\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u4e86\u8fd1\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5728\u5bd2\u51ac\u4e2d\u75c5\u901d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ed6\u8e0f\u51fa\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d41\u884c\u97f3\u4e50\u7834\u5929\u8352\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5374\u51e0\u7ecf\u6c89\u6ca6\uff0c\u6d3b\u6210\u4e86\u90a3\u4e2a\u5728\u5c71\u5761\u4e0a\u54ed\u6ce3\u7684\u201c\u82cf\u4e09\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5f31\u5c0f\u65e0\u52a9\u7684\u201c\u82cf\u4e09\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
1937\u5e74\uff0c\u5362\u6c9f\u6865\u4e8b\u53d8\u540e\uff0c\u534e\u5317\u6ca6\u9677\u3002<\/p>\n
\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u51f6\u6b8b\u7684\u65e5\u519b\u5175\u4e34\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u6dde\u6caa\u4f1a\u6218\u63ed\u5f00\u5e8f\u5e55\u3002\u5404\u5730\u7231\u56fd\u5c06\u58eb\u95fb\u4e49\u8d74\u96be\uff0c\u671d\u547d\u5915\u81f3\uff0c\u5728\u524d\u7ebf\u94f8\u6210\u8840\u8089\u957f\u57ce\uff0c\u4ee560%\u7cbe\u9510\u90e8\u961f\u635f\u5931\u6b86\u5c3d\u7684\u60e8\u75db\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u65e5\u519b\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u706d\u4ea1\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u72c2\u8a00\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u573a\u6218\u5f79\u4ecd\u4ee5\u5931\u8d25\u544a\u7ec8\u3002<\/p>\n
11\u6708\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u5e02\u957f\u4fde\u9e3f\u94a7\u6c89\u75db\u5ba3\u544a\uff0c\u8fdc\u4e1c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u2014\u2014\u4e0a\u6d77\u6ca6\u9677\u3002<\/p>\n
4<\/p>\n
1937\u5e7411\u6708\u4e0a\u6d77\u6ca6\u9677\uff0c\u81f31941\u5e7412\u6708\u65e5\u519b\u5077\u88ad\u73cd\u73e0\u6e2f\uff0c\u201c\u5b64\u5c9b\u201d\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u79df\u754c\uff0c\u7535\u5f71\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u7b49\u5a31\u4e50\u4e1a\u65e5\u81fb\u5174\u76db\uff0c\u79df\u754c\u5185\u7eb8\u9189\u91d1\u8ff7\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u4e0b\uff0c\u5374\u662f\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u9634\u973e\uff0c\u6ee1\u773c\u5c3d\u662f\u6101\u4e91\u60e8\u6de1\u7684\u6b8b\u9177\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53d7\u6218\u4e89\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6c5f\u6d59\u4e00\u5e26\u5927\u6279\u6c11\u4f17\u6d8c\u5165\u4e0a\u6d77\u79df\u754c\u30021938\u5e74\u521d\u7684\u5bd2\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u5c31\u6709\u8fc7\u4e07\u96be\u6c11\u51bb\u997f\u81f4\u6b7b\uff0c\u62a5\u520a\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u2018\u5b64\u5c9b\u2019\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u6210\u2018\u6b7b\u5c9b\u2019\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b64\u5c9b\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u97f3\u4e50\u4eba\u9648\u6b4c\u8f9b\u66fe\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u97f3\u4e50\u793e\u4f20\u64ad\u6297\u65e5\u6b4c\u66f2\uff0c\u88ab\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u53d1\u73b0\u540e\uff0c\u5173\u8fdb\u4e86\u6709\u7740\u201c\u4e03\u5341\u516d\u53f7\u9b54\u7a9f\u201d\u4e4b\u79f0\u7684\u6781\u53f8\u83f2\u5c14\u8def76\u53f7\uff0c\u906d\u53d7\u4e25\u5211\u62f7\u6253\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\u4fdd\u91ca\u51fa\u72f1\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u9648\u6b4c\u8f9b\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u8270\u96be\u6c42\u751f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u5176\u4e0d\u582a\u56de\u9996\u7684\u5f80\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u9648\u6b4c\u8f9b\u4e0e\u592b\u4eba\u91d1\u5a07\u4e3d<\/p>\n
\u9648\u6b4c\u8f9b\u662f\u8042\u8033\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5e74\u5c11\u6210\u540d\u7684\u97f3\u4e50\u5929\u624d\u3002\u9648\u6b4c\u8f9b\u540e\u6765\u56de\u5fc6\u8bf4\uff0c\u8042\u8033\u6bcf\u6b21\u6765\u4ed6\u5bb6\u505a\u5ba2\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c08\u5174\u6b63\u6d53\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u665a\u4e86\u5c31\u7761\u5728\u9648\u5bb6\u3002\u5728\u9648\u6b4c\u8f9b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c \u8042\u8033\u201c\u70ed\u60c5\u5929\u771f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u70b9\u5b69\u5b50\u6c14\uff0c\u559c\u6b22\u751c\u98df\uff0c\u4e24\u4eba\u6d77\u9614\u5929\u7a7a\u8c08\u5f97\u5f88\u6295\u673a\u2026\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n
\u9648\u6b4c\u8f9b\u6709\u6df7\u8840\u513f\u7684\u8840\u7edf\uff0c\u81ea\u5e7c\u5b9a\u5c45\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u6b4c\u66f2\u4e2d\u5e38\u6d0b\u6ea2\u7740\u6c5f\u5357\u4e0e\u897f\u6d0b\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u98ce\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ed6\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u300a\u73ab\u7470\u73ab\u7470\u6211\u7231\u4f60\u300b\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u9996\u8d70\u5411\u56fd\u9645\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u6b4c\uff0c\u9762\u4e16\u51e0\u5e74\u540e\u5c31\u6709\u6b27\u7f8e\u6b4c\u661f\u7ffb\u5531\uff0c\u767b\u4e0a\u4e861951\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d41\u884c\u97f3\u4e50\u6392\u884c\u699c\u7684\u699c\u9996\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u9996\u6b4c\u7684\u539f\u5531\uff0c\u662f\u4e0e\u5468\u7487\u9f50\u540d\u7684\u201c\u94f6\u55d3\u5b50\u201d\u59da\u8389\u3002<\/p>\n
\u52a8\u8361\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u660e\u6708\u793e\u5206\u5d29\u79bb\u6790\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u6656\u4e4b\u5f1f\u9ece\u9526\u5149\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u9ece\u6d3e\u201d\u6b4c\u66f2\u7684\u4f20\u4eba\uff0c\u5e38\u5e74\u4e3a\u5404\u7535\u5f71\u516c\u53f8\u4f5c\u66f2\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u6709\u300a\u91c7\u69df\u6994\u300b\u300a\u9999\u683c\u91cc\u62c9\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u9001\u6211\u4e00\u652f\u73ab\u7470\u82b1\u300b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ece\u9526\u5149\u5728\u6ca6\u9677\u533a\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u767e\u4ee3\u5531\u7247\u516c\u53f8\u505a\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u65f6\u4ee3\u88f9\u631f\u7740\uff0c\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u66f2\u5907\u53d7\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u300a\u591c\u6765\u9999\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n
1944\u5e74\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u5149\u4e3a\u6b4c\u624b\u5f55\u97f3\uff0c\u4f11\u606f\u65f6\u5076\u7136\u6253\u5f00\u623f\u95e8\uff0c\u53ea\u89c1\u591c\u8272\u832b\u832b\uff0c\u6e05\u51c9\u7684\u5357\u98ce\u5e26\u7740\u9635\u9635\u82b1\u9999\u98d8\u8fc7\uff0c\u591c\u83ba\u5728\u5bc2\u9759\u7684\u591c\u91cc\u6b4c\u5531\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u7075\u611f\u6d8c\u4e0a\u5fc3\u5934\uff0c\u6325\u7b14\u5199\u4e0b\u540d\u66f2\u300a\u591c\u6765\u9999\u300b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u9ece\u9526\u5149\u5c06\u8fd9\u9996\u6b4c\u7ed9\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u6781\u5177\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u6b4c\u624b\u674e\u9999\u5170\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u9ece\u6c0f\u516b\u5144\u5f1f\uff0c\u65f6\u79f0\u201c\u9ece\u6c0f\u516b\u9a8f\u201d<\/p>\n
\u674e\u9999\u5170\u539f\u540d\u5c71\u53e3\u6dd1\u5b50\uff0c\u662f\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u81ea\u5e7c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e3\u5317\u4eac\u5b98\u8bdd\u3002\u65e9\u5e74\u4e3a\u4e86\u6cbb\u7597\u80ba\u75c5\uff0c\u542c\u4ece\u533b\u751f\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u5b66\u4e60\u5973\u9ad8\u97f3\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u51ed\u501f\u80fd\u6b4c\u5584\u821e\u7684\u5929\u8d4b\uff0c\u7ec3\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4ee3\u6b4c\u661f\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u5979\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u65e5\u519b\u66fe\u5c06\u674e\u9999\u5170\u6276\u6301\u4e3a\u63a8\u884c\u201c\u6000\u67d4\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u7cd6\u8863\u70ae\u5f39\u3002<\/p>\n
\u90a3\u65f6\u8fdc\u5728\u91cd\u5e86\u7684\u9ece\u9526\u6656\uff0c\u542c\u8bf4\u5f1f\u5f1f\u7ed9\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5199\u6b4c\uff0c\u6c14\u5f97\u7834\u53e3\u5927\u9a82\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u5e73\u751f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9a82\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e03\u5f1f\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u674e\u9999\u5170\uff081920-2014\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u6ee9\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e4f\u633a\u8eab\u800c\u51fa\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\u4fa0\u5973\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7231\u56fd\u5fd7\u58eb\u82f1\u655b\u4e4b\u7684\u5973\u513f\u82f1\u8335\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ece\u660e\u6708\u793e\u8d70\u51fa\u7684\u5973\u660e\u661f\u3002\u66f9\u79ba\u5199\u5b8c\u5267\u4f5c\u300a\u65e5\u51fa\u300b\u540e\uff0c \u82f1\u8335\u51ed\u501f\u51fa\u6f14\u5267\u4e2d\u7684\u4ea4\u9645\u82b1\u9648\u767d\u9732\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u6d77\u6ca6\u9677\u540e\uff0c\u82f1\u8335\u4e0e\u201c\u7537\u53cb\u201d\u5e73\u7956\u4ec1\u6210\u4e3a\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u5bf9\u65e5\u60c5\u62a5\u7ad9\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u79d8\u5bc6\u53c2\u52a0\u6297\u65e5\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5979\u591a\u6b21\u4e54\u88c5\u4e3a\u821e\u5973\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u8bf1\u9a979\u540d\u65e5\u5bc7\u53ca\u6c49\u5978\u5230\u57cb\u4f0f\u5730\u70b9\uff0c\u7531\u8c0d\u62a5\u4eba\u5458\u5904\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u82f1\u8335\u7684\u660e\u661f\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u63a9\u62a4\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u8fd8\u662f\u88ab\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5bdf\u89c9\u30021942\u5e74\uff0c\u5e73\u7956\u4ec1\u88ab\u6355\u9047\u5bb3\u540e\uff0c\u82f1\u8335\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u9009\u597d\u575f\u5893\uff0c\u7528\u9e26\u7247\u3001\u5b89\u7720\u836f\u4e0e\u9152\u7ed3\u675f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3002\u82f1\u8335\u670d\u6bd2\u81ea\u5c3d\u4e09\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u7279\u5de5\u8eab\u4efd\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u63ed\u79d8\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u82f1\u8335\u5267\u7167<\/p>\n
1945\u5e748\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u5e03\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u6295\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u9634\u5f71\u4e2d\u8d70\u51fa\u7684\u4f5c\u66f2\u5bb6\u9648\u6b4c\u8f9b\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u80fd\u591f\u518d\u6b21\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u521b\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5341\u56db\u5e74\u6d74\u8840\u594b\u6218\uff0c\u4e2d\u534e\u5927\u5730\u4e0a\uff0c\u6570\u5343\u4e07\u4eba\u6b7b\u4f24\uff0c\u4e0a\u4ebf\u4eba\u6d41\u79bb\u5931\u6240\u3002\u5728\u7ecf\u8fc7\u67aa\u6797\u5f39\u96e8\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9648\u6b4c\u8f9b\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8eab\u5904\u6218\u4e71\u4e0e\u8d2b\u56f0\u7684\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u65e9\u5df2\u8863\u4e0d\u853d\u4f53\uff0c\u98df\u4e0d\u679c\u8179\uff0c\u53ef\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u4e3a\u6d3b\u4e0b\u6765\u611f\u5230\u5e78\u8fd0\uff0c\u6d41\u7740\u6cea\u4e92\u9053\u201c\u606d\u559c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9648\u6b4c\u8f9b\u6ee1\u6000\u80dc\u5229\u6fc0\u60c5\uff0c\u4ee5\u7b14\u540d\u201c\u5e86\u4f59\u201d\uff08\u5e86\u5e78\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u6297\u6218\u4e2d\u5b58\u6d3b\uff09\uff0c\u4e3a\u8131\u79bb\u6218\u4e89\u82e6\u96be\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5199\u4e0b\u4e00\u9996\u6b4c\uff0c\u7531\u59da\u8389\u6f14\u5531\u3002\u5230\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u8fd9\u9996\u6b4c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u8033\u719f\u80fd\u8be6\u7684\u65b0\u5e74\u6b4c\u66f2\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u9996\u6b4c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u300a\u606d\u559c\u606d\u559c\u300b\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u6bcf\u6761\u5927\u8857\u5c0f\u5df7\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5634\u91cc\uff0c
\n\u89c1\u9762\u7b2c\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u606d\u559c\u606d\u559c\u2026\u2026
\n\u51ac\u5929\u5df2\u5230\u5c3d\u5934\uff0c\u771f\u662f\u597d\u7684\u6d88\u606f
\n\u6e29\u6696\u7684\u6625\u98ce\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u5439\u9192\u5927\u5730\u2026<\/p>\n
\u300a\u606d\u559c\u606d\u559c\u300b\u7684\u66f2\u8c03\u60b2\u559c\u4ea4\u52a0\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5e86\u8d3a\u65b0\u6625\u4f73\u8282\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u606d\u559c\u6297\u6218\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3b\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u629a\u6170\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u6218\u4e89\u6467\u6b8b\u7684\u5fc3\u7075\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9648\u6b4c\u8f9b\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u675c\u90a3\u8036\u592b\u65af\u57fa\u201d\uff0c\u4e00\u751f\u521b\u4f5c\u6b4c\u66f2\u8fd1200\u9996\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u73ab\u7470\u73ab\u7470\u6211\u7231\u4f60\u300b\u300a\u606d\u559c\u606d\u559c\u300b\u300a\u51e4\u51f0\u4e8e\u98de\u300b\u300a\u591c\u4e0a\u6d77\u300b\u7b49\u7ecf\u5178\u540d\u66f2\u30021961\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u56e0\u9965\u997f\u5f97\u75c5\uff0c\u5728\u7696\u5357\u5c71\u533a\u4e0e\u4e16\u957f\u8f9e\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b21945\u5e74\uff0c\u5e86\u795d\u6297\u6218\u80dc\u5229\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4f17<\/p>\n
5<\/p>\n
\u591a\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u767d\u5d07\u79a7\u4e4b\u5b50\u767d\u5148\u52c7\u5ff5\u5ff5\u4e0d\u5fd8\u513f\u65f6\u7535\u53f0\u91cc\u201c\u5bb6\u5bb6\u2018\u6708\u5706\u82b1\u597d\u2019\uff0c\u6237\u6237\u2018\u51e4\u51f0\u4e8e\u98de\u2019\u201d\u7684\u4e50\u575b\u76db\u51b5\uff0c\u90a3\u66fe\u662f\u4e0a\u6d77\u6ee9\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7535\u53f0\u4e3a\u4e86\u5438\u5f15\u542c\u4f17\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u9080\u8bf7\u5f53\u7ea2\u6b4c\u661f\u6765\u73b0\u573a\u70b9\u64ad\u3002\u59da\u8389\u56de\u5fc6\u9053\uff0c\u5468\u7487\u6700\u7ea2\uff0c\u5531\u4e00\u9996\u6b4c\u5c31\u662f\u4e94\u5757\u3001\u5341\u5757\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8fd8\u7ed9\u5341\u4e94\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n
1947\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u9996\u7531\u5468\u7487\u539f\u5531\u7684\u300a\u591c\u4e0a\u6d77\u300b\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6bb5\u9713\u8679\u95ea\u8000\u3001\u58f0\u8272\u6d41\u91d1\u7684\u5c81\u6708\u753b\u4e0b\u6700\u540e\u7684\u6ce8\u811a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7edd\u4ee3\u98ce\u534e\uff0c\u7ec8\u6210\u8ffd\u5fc6\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u80e1\u8776\u3001\u962e\u73b2\u7389\u3001\u738b\u4eba\u7f8e\u3001\u5f90\u6765\u3001\u9ece\u660e\u6656\u7b49\u5973\u660e\u661f\u5408\u5f71<\/p>\n
\u5c3d\u7ba1\u674e\u9999\u5170\u66fe\u88ab\u65e5\u519b\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e0d\u5149\u5f69\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u4f46\u80fd\u8bb2\u4e00\u53e3\u6d41\u5229\u6c49\u8bed\u7684\u5979\uff0c\u6218\u540e\u9009\u62e9\u7559\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u6295\u8eab\u97f3\u4e50\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5357\u4e0b\u9999\u6e2f\u540e\uff0c\u5979\u6380\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u80a1\u201c\u674e\u9999\u5170\u70ed\u201d\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u674e\u9999\u5170\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u79bb\u5f00\u821e\u53f0\u8f6c\u800c\u4ece\u653f\uff0c\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u8bae\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u653f\u540e\uff0c\u674e\u9999\u5170\u4e00\u76f4\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4e2d\u65e5\u53cb\u597d\u30021981\u5e74\uff0c\u674e\u9999\u5170\u9080\u8bf7\u9ece\u9526\u5149\u8d74\u65e5\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u4fee\u590d\u5f53\u5e74\u4ece\u4e0a\u6d77\u8fd0\u81f3\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u4e00\u6279\u4e2d\u56fd\u8001\u5531\u7247\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u5e94\u8be5\u4e5f\u6709\u4ed6\u4eec\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u5dc5\u5cf0\u4e4b\u4f5c\u300a\u591c\u6765\u9999\u300b\u3002\u674e\u9999\u5170\u665a\u5e74\u5e72\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4ef6\u5927\u4e8b\uff0c\u662f\u53d1\u6587\u53cd\u5bf9\u65f6\u4efb\u65e5\u672c\u9996\u76f8\u53c2\u62dc\u9756\u56fd\u795e\u793e\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u201c\u90a3\u4f1a\u6df1\u6df1\u4f24\u5bb3\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6297\u6218\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u5468\u7487\u4e5f\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u5f71\u89c6\u751f\u6daf\uff0c\u5374\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u68a6\u9b47\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5979\u88ab\u5546\u4eba\u6731\u6000\u5fb7\u76ef\u4e0a\uff0c\u88ab\u9a97\u4ea4\u5f80\u540c\u5c45\u540e\uff0c\u6000\u4e0a\u4e86\u6731\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd8\u88ab\u4ed6\u9a97\u8d70\u94b1\u8d22\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cPUA\u9ad8\u624b\u6731\u6000\u5fb7\u4e00\u8d70\u4e86\u4e4b\u30021950\u5e74\uff0c\u5468\u7487\u6298\u8fd4\u5185\u5730\uff0c\u5728\u8001\u642d\u6863\u8d75\u4e39\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u91cd\u56de\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u6731\u6000\u5fb7\u5f53\u9762\u5bf9\u8d28\uff0c\u53ef\u6731\u6000\u5fb7\u751a\u81f3\u90fd\u4e0d\u613f\u627f\u8ba4\u5468\u7487\u8179\u4e2d\u5b69\u5b50\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u91cd\u91cd\u6253\u51fb\u4e0b\uff0c\u201c\u91d1\u55d3\u5b50\u201d\u5468\u7487\u6700\u7ec8\u7cbe\u795e\u5931\u5e38\uff0c\u751f\u4e0b\u5b69\u5b50\u540e\u53c8\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e0d\u592a\u5e78\u798f\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\uff0c1957\u5e74\u75c5\u901d\u4e8e\u4e0a\u6d77\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u5468\u7487<\/p>\n
\u66f2\u7ec8\u4eba\u6563\uff0c\u5f53\u5e74\u7684\u6b4c\u66f2\u4e5f\u5982\u52b3\u71d5\u4e1c\u5357\u5206\u98de\u3002<\/p>\n
\u534a\u751f\u98d8\u96f6\u7684\u201c\u82cf\u4e09\u201d\u53bb\u5f80\u4f55\u65b9\uff1f<\/p>\n
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