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\u5f20\u745e\u82ac\u4e0d\u65ad\u52aa\u529b\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u53c8\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u98de\u884c\u5546\u4e1a\u6267\u7167[7]\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u98de\u884c\u6267\u7167[8]\u30021936\u5e74\u5f52\u5316\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u5979\u4ecd\u6000\u6709\u56de\u56fd\u7684\u68a6\u60f3\u3002\u5979\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u5730\u533a\u53d1\u5c55\u822a\u7a7a\u670d\u52a1\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd0\u8f93\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u7a7a\u95f4\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e76\u6559\u6388\u822a\u7a7a[9]\u3002<\/p>\n

1937\u5e74\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u5f20\u745e\u82ac\u51b3\u5b9a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f00\u529e\u98de\u884c\u5b66\u6821[9] \u3002\u5979\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u533a\u5ba3\u4f20\u5e76\u7b79\u96c67000\u7f8e\u5143[8]\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8d2d\u4e70Ryan ST-A\u3002\u4f46\u5979\u7684\u8868\u5144\u5f1f\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u98de\u673a\u65f6\u9047\u96be[7]\u3002\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f20\u745e\u82ac\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u4e3a\u5176\u5b89\u5168\u751a\u662f\u62c5\u5fe7\uff0c\u8ba9\u5979\u627f\u8bfa\u653e\u5f03\u98de\u884c[8]\u3002\u867d\u7136\u53c8\u98de\u4e86\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u4eb2\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u7ee7\u79bb\u4e16\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u7167\u987e\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4eb2\u4eba\u6bcd\u4eb2\uff0c\u5979\u57281942\u5e74\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e86\u98de\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5f20\u745e\u82ac\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u98de\u884c\u6559\u5b98\u3002\u6218\u4e89\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u5979\u7ecf\u8425\u4e00\u5bb6\u82b1\u5e97\uff0c\u76f4\u52301970\u5e74\u9000\u4f11\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e4b\u524d\u5979\u4e00\u76f4\u4f4f\u5728\u5510\u4eba\u8857\u3002\u540e\u6765\u8fc1\u5c45\u5230\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u5343\u6a61\u5e02(Thousand Oaks, California)\uff0c\u76f4\u52302003\u5e749\u67082\u65e5\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u4eab\u5e7498\u5c81\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u88ab\u5b89\u846c\u5728\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u5c71\u7684\u68ee\u6797\u8349\u576a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u516c\u56ed[10]\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e8c\uff1a\u5bfc\u6f14Ed Moy\u548c\u526f\u5bfc\u6f14Kathrine Park\u6709\u5e78\u91c6\u8bbf\u4e86\u5f20\u745e\u82ac\u7684\u5973\u513f\u3002\u4e09\u4eba\u56de\u987e\u5f20\u745e\u82ac\u7684\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u5fc3\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u611f\u6168\u3002\u5f20\u745e\u82ac\u514b\u670d\u6027\u522b\u548c\u79cd\u65cf\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u6b67\u89c6\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u575a\u5b9a\u5730\u8ffd\u6c42\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5e76\u79ef\u6781\u6295\u8eab\u4e8e\u534e\u4eba\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u7684\u6977\u6a21\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u53d6\u81eahttps:\/\/www.msnbc.com\/the-last-word\/watch\/herstory-amazing-aviatrix-katherine-cheung-605367363855<\/span><\/p>\n

1937<\/strong>\u5e74\u4e2d\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u6551\u6d4e\u4f1a\u4e5f\u6709\u5f3a\u8feb\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u96c6\u8d44\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u670930\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u6350\u6b3e\u4efd\u989d\u3002\u8fdd\u8005\u5c31\u8981\u9762\u4e34\u60e9\u7f5a\u6216\u5f3a\u5236\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4e0d\u6350\u6b3e\u4eba\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u548c\u5730\u5740\u8981\u516c\u5e03\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u6e38\u8857[3]\u3002<\/p>\n

1937\u5e7411\u6708\uff0cCWRA\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u7b79\u6b3e\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002300\u540d\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u548c\u5b66\u751f\u4e3e\u7740\u6a2a\u5e45\u548c\u6807\u8bed\u724c\u5728\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u7684\u5510\u4eba\u8857\u4e3e\u884c\u6e38\u884c\u3002\u6e38\u884c\u53e3\u53f7\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u613f\u6350\u6b3e\u6551\u56fd\u201d\u548c\u201c\u519b\u4e8b\u62b5\u6297\u5230\u5e95\u201d\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86<\/strong>\u201c<\/strong>\u79cd\u65cf\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u6c38\u8fdc\u81ea\u7531<\/strong>\u201d<\/strong>\uff08Racial Freedom and Liberty Forever\uff09\u8fd9\u4e00\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u5c06\u53cd\u5bf9\u4fb5\u7565\u6218\u4e89\u4e0e\u5021\u5bfc\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e0e\u6c11\u6743\u7cbe\u795e\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u534e\u4eba\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u906d\u53d7\u6b67\u89c6\u7684\u6297\u4e89<\/strong>[1]\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

1938\u5e745\u67089\u65e5\uff0c\u7531\u4e2d\u534e\u603b\u4f1a\u9986\u8d5e\u52a9\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u7ebd\u7ea6\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4e1c\u5cb8\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u7ea612,000\u540d\u534e\u4eba\u4ece\u5510\u4eba\u8857\u6b65\u884c\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u534a\u82f1\u91cc\uff0c\u4e3e\u884c\u516c\u5f00\u793a\u5a01\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5171\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u8d70\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u636e\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u67091,500\u5bb6\u4e2d\u56fd\u6d17\u8863\u5e97\u3001\u9910\u9986\u548c\u5546\u5e975\u70b9\u949f\u5c31\u5173\u95e8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u52a0\u6b64\u6b21\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u6e38\u884c\u961f\u4f0d\u4e0a\u65b9\u76d8\u65cb\u98de\u884c\u77406\u67b6\u5728\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u91ce\u6218\u961f\u63a5\u53d7\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6218\u6597\u673a\u3002\u6e38\u884c\u961f\u4f0d\u5206\u4e3a\u5341\u4e2a\u5e08\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e081000\u4eba\u3002\u6709\u6d6e\u6e38\u7269\uff0c\u9f99\u821e\uff0c\u6a2a\u5e45\uff0c\u4e50\u961f\uff08\u64ad\u653e\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u97f3\u4e50\uff09\u548c\u6570\u4ee5\u5343\u8ba1\u7684\u65d7\u5e1c[1]\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e09\uff1a\u8d70\u5728\u6e38\u884c\u961f\u4f0d\u7684\u524d\u5934\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u603b\u4f1a\u9986\u7684\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6253\u7740\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9632\u536b\u961f\u201d\u7684\u65d7\u5e1c\u53ca\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u7684\u5de8\u5e45\u8096\u50cf\u3002\u6e38\u884c\u961f\u4f0d\u6325\u821e\u7740\u6807\u8bed\u724c\uff0c\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u53cd\u6297\u65e5\u672c\u4fb5\u7565\u6218\u4e89\uff01\u201d\uff08\u201cWar in China\u2014Made in Japan!\u201d\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u56db\uff1a\u767e\u540d\u5973\u6027\u534e\u4eba\u6258\u4e3e\u4e00\u976275\u544e\u957f\u300155\u544e\u5bbd\u3001\u8d85\u8fc7300\u78c5\u91cd\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u65d7\u6e38\u884c\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u5411\u65d7\u4e0a\u6254\u94b1\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u94b1\u592a\u591a\uff0c\u4e2d\u9014\u81f3\u5c11\u4e09\u6b21\u56e0\u4e3a\u8981\u5012\u7a7a\u94b1\u800c\u4e2d\u65ad\u6e38\u884c\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u53d6\u81ea[3]\uff0c<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e94\uff1a\u767e\u540d\u5973\u5b69\u7a7f\u7740\u65f6\u5c1a\u7684\u65d7\u888d\u6e38\u884c\u3002\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u201d\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u6b64\u611f\u5230\u60ca\u559c\uff0c\u5411\u6e38\u884c\u7684\u961f\u4f0d\u6254\u786c\u5e01\u6216\u949e\u7968\uff0c\u6b64\u4e00\u9879\u5c31\u6536\u53d6\u4e86300\u7f8e\u5143\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u6350\u6b3e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u516d\uff1a\u996d\u7897\u6e38\u884c\u548c\u6d3e\u5bf9\u662f\u7b79\u96c6\u6297\u65e5\u8d44\u91d1\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u636e\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u6458\u201d\u62a5\u9053\uff0c1938\u5e746\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c4a\u996d\u7897\u6d3e\u5bf9\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u540c\u65f6\u4e3e\u884c\u3002\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u6709\u8d85\u8fc720\u4e07\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u6d3e\u5bf9\u3002\u5148\u662f\u6e38\u884c\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u6709\u6587\u5a31\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u6d3b\u52a8\u5305\u62ec\u65f6\u88c5\u8868\u6f14\u3001\u821e\u8e48\u3001\u4e2d\u897f\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u620f\u5267\u8868\u6f14\u3001\u6a21\u62df\u7a7a\u88ad\u548c\u9f99\u821e\u3002\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u7a7f\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u670d\u88c5\uff0c\u4e5f\u6a21\u4eff\u4e5e\u4e10\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u4e58\u5750\u6f02\u6d6e\u7269\uff0c\u4e3e\u8d77\u65bd\u820d\u7897\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6350\u6b3e\u586b\u8865\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u996d\u7897\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u9879\u6d3b\u52a8\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u996d\u7897\u6d3e\u5bf9\u201d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c4a\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u5728\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u5510\u4eba\u8857\u5171\u6350\u5f97\u6b3e\u8d4455,000\u7f8e\u5143\u30021940\u5e742\u67089-11\u65e5\u4e3e\u884c\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4e09\u5929\u7b79\u96c687,000\u7f8e\u5143\u30021941\u5e745\u67082-5\u65e5\u4e3e\u884c\u4e86\u56db\u5929\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5171\u7b79\u96c693,000\u7f8e\u5143[3]\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u53d6\u81ea\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.sfchronicle.com\/thetake\/article\/Chinatown-charity-79-years-ago-SF-s-Rice-Bowl-10883976.php<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u4fb5\u534e\u540e\u7684\u516b\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u5171\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6350\u8d602\u5343\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u8868\u73b0\u6700\u4e3a\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u5171\u6350\u6b3e5\u767e\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143[3]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5404\u9636\u5c42\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u90fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u8fd9\u573a\u53cd\u65e5\u6297\u6218\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u65b0\u79fb\u6c11\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u534e\u4eba\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6328\u5bb6\u6328\u6237\u51fa\u552e\u6218\u4e89\u503a\u5238\u96c6\u8d44\u3002\u534e\u4eba\u533b\u751f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8840\u5e93\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u533b\u5b66\u63f4\u52a9\u3002\u534e\u4eba\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u53bb\u7ea2\u5341\u5b57\u4f1a\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5c06\u533b\u7597\u7528\u54c1\u75ab\u82d7\u7b49\u7269\u8d44\u8fd0\u8f93\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd[6]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u65f6\u8bb8\u591a\u534e\u88d4\u793e\u533a\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u66b4\u884c\u9010\u6e10\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u611f\u5230\u9707\u60ca\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u652f\u6301\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n

1937-1938\u5e74\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u534e\u76db\u987f\u8054\u90a6\uff08Washington Commonwealth Federation, WCF)\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u4ee5\u897f\u96c5\u56fe\u548c\u897f\u6d77\u5cb8\u5730\u533a\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u672c\u4fb5\u7565\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1935\u5e74\u7684WCF\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u7531\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u548c\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5206\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5de6\u7ffc\u8054\u76df\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u8d27\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u6d88\u5f31\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4fb5\u7565[12]\u3002<\/p>\n

1937\u5e747\u670824\uff0cWCF\u53d1\u5e03\u5468\u62a5\u300a\u5468\u65e5\u65b0\u95fb\u300b\uff0c\u547c\u5401\u7f8e\u56fd\u7981\u6b62\u5411\u65e5\u672c\u51fa\u552e\u8d27\u7269[13]\u3002\u4e24\u5468\u540e\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6566\u4fc3\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u672c\u5236\u9020\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u65e5\u672c\u8986\u884c\u516c\u7ea6\u201c\u5c0a\u91cd\u9886\u571f\u548c\u4e3b\u6743\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u201d[14,15]\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u963f\u5c14\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u00b7\u963f\u67ef\u7eb3\uff08Alfred Acena\uff09\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4ece1937\u5e7411\u67086\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u300a\u5468\u65e5\u65b0\u95fb\u300b\u5b9a\u671f\u520a\u767b\u201c\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u8d27\u201d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c[16]\u5e76\u62a5\u5bfc\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u6218\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u534e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u4e5f\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u8d27\uff0c\u5e76\u963b\u6b62\u7801\u5934\u4e0a\u5411\u65e5\u672c\u8fd0\u9001\u5e9f\u91d1\u5c5e\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u519b\u5de5\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8239\u8236\uff0c\u6297\u8bae\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c06\u519b\u5de5\u6750\u6599\u5356\u7ed9\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u9020\u519b\u5de5\u6b66\u5668\u6740\u5bb3\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

1938\u5e741\u6708\uff0c39\u4e2a\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u7684\u6c34\u624b\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u5411\u65e5\u672c\u8fd0\u8f7d\u4e00\u8d27\u8f66\u7684\u5e9f\u94c1\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e22\u4e86\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u4e4b\u5185\uff0c\u4ece\u4e1c\u90e8\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5230\u897f\u6d77\u5cb8\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u54cd\u5e94\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u8fd0\u5f80\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6218\u4e89\u539f\u6750\u6599[6]\u3002<\/p>\n

1938\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u7531\u65e5\u672c\u4e09\u4e95\u516c\u53f8\u7279\u8bb8\u7684\u5e0c\u814a\u8d27\u8f6eSS Spyros\u505c\u9760\u5728\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u88c5\u8f7d\u4e868500\u5428\u5e9f\u94c1\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd0\u5f80\u65e5\u672c\u300212\u670816\u65e5\uff0c200\u540d\u534e\u88d4\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u53ca300\u540d\u5176\u4ed6\u65cf\u88d4\u7684\u540c\u60c5\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u5728\u534e\u4eba\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\uff08United Chinese Societies\uff09\u7684\u5e26\u9886\u4e0b\u524d\u5f8045\u53f7\u7801\u5934\u963b\u6b62\u8d27\u8fd0\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u73b0\u573a\u6f14\u8bb2\u548c\u5e76\u7ec4\u6210\u7ea0\u5bdf\u961f\u5c01\u9501\u7801\u5934\u3002\u5f53\u7801\u5934\u5de5\u4eba\u53bb\u5348\u9910\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u7fa4\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u547c\u558a\uff1a\u201c\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff01\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff01\uff08Longshoremen, be with us! \uff09\u201c\u5348\u9910\u4f11\u606f\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4eba\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c97\u4f4d\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u7ea0\u5bdf\u961f[6]\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e03\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u6458\u8bb0\u8005Lim P. Lee\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u62a5\u9053\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ea0\u5bdf\u7ebf\u53d7\u5230\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u652f\u6301\u548c\u62e5\u62a4\uff0c\u5510\u4eba\u8857\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u4e3a\u7ea0\u5bdf\u961f\u5458\u548c\u7801\u5934\u5de5\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u4f17\u591a\u65b0\u4eba\u52a0\u5165\u7ea0\u5bdf\u961f\uff0c\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u7ea0\u5bdf\u961f\u591a\u8fbe5000\u4eba\uff01\u56fe\u7247\u53d6\u81ea\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.neh.gov\/humanities\/2007\/julyaugust\/feature\/parades-pickets-and-protests<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6297\u8bae\u6301\u7eed\u4e86\u56db\u5929\u540e\uff0c12\u670819\u65e5\uff0c\u7801\u5934\u805a\u96c6\u4e865000\u591a\u4eba\u3002\u96c7\u4e3b\u534f\u4f1a\uff08the Waterfront Employers\u2019 Association \uff09\u5411\u793a\u5a01\u8005\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u6700\u540e\u901a\u7252\uff1a\u64a4\u9664\u7ea0\u5bdf\u961f\uff0c\u7801\u5934\u5de5\u4eba\u590d\u5de5\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u5a01\u80c1\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7ea0\u5bdf\u961f\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u8d38\u6613\u5f80\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5c06\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u548c\u897f\u6d77\u5cb8\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u822a\u8fd0\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u6346\u7ed1\u3002\u5f62\u52bf\u7d27\u6025\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u7801\u5934\u5de5\u4eba\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\uff08the International Longshoremen and Warehousemen\u2019s Union\uff0cILWU\uff09\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u4e0b\uff0c\u5404\u65b9\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4e0d\u8ba9\u534e\u4eba\u5931\u671b\u201d\u7684\u53cb\u597d\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u6700\u540e\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u53ec\u96c6\u6240\u6709\u52b3\u5de5\u3001\u516c\u6c11\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f00\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u5e76\u63a8\u52a8\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u6240\u6709\u8d27\u7269\u7684\u7981\u8fd0[6,1]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u534e\u4eba\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u51fa\u552e\u6218\u4e89\u7269\u54c1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

12\u670820\u65e5\uff0c\u534e\u4eba\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u5ba3\u5e03\u793a\u5a01\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u64a4\u9500\u4e86\u7ea0\u5bdf\u961f\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u5531\u7740\u201c\u4e49\u52c7\u519b\u8fdb\u884c\u66f2\u201d\uff0c\u4e3e\u884c\u4e00\u82f1\u91cc\u7684\u5e86\u795d\u6e38\u884c\u3002\u6e38\u884c\u961f\u4f0d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7801\u5934\u7684\u603b\u90e8\u548c\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u5e02\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5510\u4eba\u8857[1]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53caCWRA\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5e2e\u52a9\u6e38\u8bf4\u7981\u6b62\u5411\u65e5\u672c\u51fa\u552e\u6b66\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

1938\u5e74\u5e95\u548c1939\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u534e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u4e00\u8d77\u5728\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\uff0c\u957f\u6ee9\uff0c\u6ce2\u7279\u5170\u548c\u897f\u96c5\u56fe\u7684\u7801\u5934\u5c55\u793a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5ba3\u4f20\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u7269\u8d44\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002 \u53d1\u8a00\u8005\u540c\u65f6\u6566\u4fc3\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e70\u5bb6\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e70\u65e5\u672c\u8d27\u7269\uff0c\u4ee5\u65ad\u7edd\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u8d44\u91d1\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u516b\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u4e1d\u7ef8\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u9886\u5148\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u547c\u5401\u505c\u6b62\u7a7f\u4e1d\u889c\uff0c\u547c\u5401\u4f7f\u7528\u4e1d\u7ef8\u53ea\u63f4\u52a9\u65e5\u672c\u3002\u62b5\u5236\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f7f\u5f97\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u4e1d\u7ef8\u51fa\u53e3\u91cf\u4ece1936\u5e74\u52301938\u5e74\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4e94\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u53d6\u81eahttp:\/\/go.galegroup.com\/ps\/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&issn=00224529&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA132292628&sid=googleScholar&linkaccess=fulltext<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e5d\uff1aWCF\u5728\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u8d27\u65b9\u9762\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u6548\u3002\u4ece\u5927\u91cf\u6765\u81ea\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u6750\u6599\u5f00\u59cb\uff0cWCF\u5c06\u62b5\u5236\u7f29\u51cf\u4e3a\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7528\u54c1\uff0c\u5468\u66f0\u65b0\u95fb\u53f7\u53ec\u5987\u5973\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u672c\u4e1d\u7ef8\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u53d6\u81eahttp:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/depress\/washington_commonwealth_federation_japanese_boycott.shtml<\/span><\/p>\n

\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u8d27\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u6d78\u900f\u5230\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u5934\u8111\u4e2d, \u4eba\u4eec\u751a\u81f3\u62d2\u7edd\u8d2d\u4e70\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u4ea7\u54c1, \u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u81ea\u5df1\u6b63\u5728\u521b\u9020\u548c\u5e73\u5e76\u4e0e\u6218\u4e89\u7f6a\u884c\u505a\u6597\u4e89[12]\u3002<\/p>\n

1940\u5e74\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u534e\u4eba\u79fb\u6c11\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u534e\u4eba\u751f\u957f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u591a\u3002\u6218\u4e89\u8ba9\u6574\u4e2a\u534e\u4eba\u793e\u533a\u56e2\u7ed3\u8d77\u6765[6]\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6297\u8bae\u53ca\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u8d27\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u7684\u5b64\u7acb\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u5c06\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u4e0e\u53cd\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u4e8b\u4fb5\u7565\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u79cd\u65cf\u540c\u80de\u5bc6\u5207\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u96c6\u4f1a\u544a\u8bc9\u516c\u4f17\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u66b4\u884c\u3002 \u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\uff0c\u534e\u4eba\u624b\u5de5\u5382\u6d17\u8863\u8054\u76df\u5728\u6d17\u8863\u5e97\u94fa\u53d1\u653e\u4e86\u6570\u5343\u4efd\u82f1\u8bed\u4f20\u5355\uff0c\u53f7\u53ec\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u8d27[6]\u3002<\/p>\n

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1941<\/strong>\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u53f0\u5c71\u6ca6\u9677\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5077\u88ad\u73cd\u73e0\u6e2f\uff0c\u4e2d\u7f8e\u540c\u76df\u6297\u65e5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\uff1a1941\u5e743\u67083\u65e5\uff0c\u65e5\u519b1000\u4f59\u4eba\u4e58\u519b\u8230\u4ece\u5e7f\u6d77\u548c\u4e09\u5939\u6d77\u53e3\u767b\u9646\uff0c\u53f0\u5c71\u6ca6\u9677[18]\u3002 \u968f\u540e\u65e5\u672c\u5360\u9886\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4ea4\u901a\u8981\u9053\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u534e\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u7ed9\u53f0\u5c71\u7684\u5bb6\u4e2d\u5bc4\u94b1\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u91d1\u5c71\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e00\u591c\u95f4\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u751f\u6d3b\u4f9d\u9760, \u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u53d8\u5356\u9996\u9970\u548c\u5bb6\u5177\u7ef4\u6301\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u91d1\u5c71\u7537\u4eba\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u88ab\u8feb\u5f53\u4e0a\u5993\u5973\u3001\u53d8\u5356\u5b69\u5b50[6]\u3002\u00a0 1941-1945\u5e74\u77ed\u77ed4\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u53f0\u5c71\u5148\u540e\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e94\u6b21\u6ca6\u9677\u300215\u4e07\u53f0\u5c71\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u6216\u5931\u8e2a\u30021941\u5e7412\u67087\u65e5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u8230\u961f\u7a81\u88ad\u73cd\u73e0\u6e2f\uff0c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u6b63\u5f0f\u5ba3\u6218\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u7a7a\u519b\u5fd7\u613f\u961f\u7f16\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u9646\u519b\u822a\u7a7a\u961f\u3002\u9648\u7eb3\u5fb7\u4efb\u9a7b\u534e\u7a7a\u519b\u6307\u6325\u5b98\uff0c\u6307\u6325\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7a7a\u519b\u7279\u9063\u961f\u5bf9\u65e5\u4f5c\u6218\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8d6b\u8d6b\u6709\u540d\u7684\u201c\u98de\u864e\u961f\u201d[11]\u3002<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u5341\uff1a\u65af\u5766\u5229\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u53d6\u81eahttp:\/\/www.americanairmuseum.com\/person\/241699<\/span><\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u88ad\u51fb\u73cd\u73e0\u6e2f\u4e4b\u540e\u674e\u82f1\uff08Hazel Ying Lee\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a\u56fd\u6350\u8eaf\u7684\u7f8e\u7c4d\u534e\u4eba\u5973\u98de\u884c\u5458\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7537\u98de\u884c\u5458\u4eba\u5458\u7d27\u7f3a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f00\u59cb\u62db\u52df\u5973\u5175\u5c06\u5236\u9020\u597d\u7684\u98de\u673a\u4ece\u5de5\u5382\u8fd0\u9001\u5230\u57f9\u8bad\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u7801\u5934\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u4e2d\u8f6c\u7ad9\u3002\u674e\u82f1\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5979\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5dde\u7f57\u59c6\u9c81\u65af\u9646\u519b\u57fa\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u5979\u66fe\u7ecf\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u5e7f\u5dde\u52a0\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u7a7a\u519b\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u4f5c\u6218\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e2d\u56fd\u9700\u8981\u98de\u884c\u5458\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u62d2\u7edd\u5979\u52a0\u5165\u3002\u5f53\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6218\u540e\uff0c\u5979\u9014\u7ecf\u9999\u6e2f\u8fd4\u7f8e\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5165\u4f0d\u6295\u8eab\u4e8e\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89[6,21]\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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\u66fe\u64b0\u5199\u6709\u5173\u98de\u884c\u5458\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684Sarah Byrn Rickman\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5973\u6027\u4ee5\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u7ea6400\u82f1\u91cc\u7684\u65f6\u901f\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u98de\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u4e4b\u5927\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u4ee5\u7f6e\u4fe1\u3002\u201c<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u5341\u4e09\uff1a\u674e\u82f1\u662f\u4e8c\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u732e\u51fa\u751f\u547d\u768438\u540d\u5973\u98de\u884c\u5458\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6027\u522b\u6b67\u89c6\u5728\u519b\u961f\u4e2d\u7a81\u663e\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5973\u5175\u662f\u6267\u884c\u519b\u4e8b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u4eec\u4e0d\u4eab\u53d7\u519b\u4eba\u5f85\u9047\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u572830\u591a\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u53c2\u4f17\u4e24\u9662\u6295\u7968\u51b3\u5b9a\u8ba9\u5979\u4eec\u6709\u8d44\u683c\u83b7\u5f97\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u798f\u5229\u3002PHOTO COURTESY NATIONAL ARCHIVES<\/span><\/p>\n

\u79cd\u65cf\u6b67\u89c6\u968f\u5f71\u540c\u884c\u3002\u201c\u4e00\u6b21\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\uff0c\u674e\u82f1\u7684\u98de\u673a\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u7d27\u6025\u8feb\u964d\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u7530\u91cc\u3002\uff02\u636e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7a7a\u519b\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u201c\u519c\u6c11\u628a\u5979\u5f53\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u540d\u65e5\u672c\u98de\u884c\u5458\u6346\u7ed1\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u674e\u82f1\u727a\u7272\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u5979\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5766\u514b\u90e8\u961f\u670d\u5f79\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u573a\u6218\u6597\u4e2d\u9047\u96be\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u5f88\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u4e00\u53cc\u513f\u5973\u5e76\u6392\u846c\u5728\u4fc4\u52d2\u5188\u5dde\u6ce2\u7279\u5170\u7684\u5893\u5730\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u4e9a\u6d32\u4eba\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u548c\u767d\u4eba\u5b89\u846c\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u573a\u6297\u4e89\uff0c\u5893\u5730\u95ee\u9898\u624d\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3[21]\u3002<\/p>\n

1943<\/strong>\u5e74\u4e09\u56fd\u8054\u5408\u53d1\u8868<\/strong>\u201c<\/strong>\u5f00\u7f57\u5ba3\u8a00<\/strong>\u201d<\/strong>\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e9f\u9664\u300a\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u6848\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\uff1a1943\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f8e\uff0c\u82f1\u4e09\u56fd\u5143\u9996\u53d1\u8868\u201c\u5f00\u7f57\u5ba3\u8a00\u201d\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6218\u540e\u65e5\u672c\u5f52\u8fd8\u81ea1895\u5e74\u5360\u9886\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9886\u571f\u30021945\u5e749\u67089\u65e5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u603b\u53f8\u4ee4\u5188\u6751\u5b81\u6b21\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u9646\u519b\u603b\u53f8\u4ee4\u4f55\u5e94\u94a6\u6295\u964d\uff0c\u4e2d\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u544a\u7ec8\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u6218\u573a\u6210\u529f\u5730\u7275\u5236\u4e86\u8d85\u8fc7\u767e\u4e07\u7684\u65e5\u519b\u4e3b\u529b\uff0c\u51cf\u8f7b\u4e86\u82f1\u7f8e\u4e24\u56fd\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8d62\u5f97\u6218\u4e8b\u80dc\u5229[22]\u3002<\/p>\n

1942\u5e7411\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u5b8b\u7f8e\u9f84\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u6cbb\u75c5\u3002\u9017\u7559\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u66fe\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\u653f\u5385\u3001\u7ebd\u7ea6\u9ea6\u8fea\u900a\u5e7f\u573a\u3001\u5a01\u5c14\u65af\u5229\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u8fd0\u52a8\u573a\u3001\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u5e02\u5e02\u653f\u5385\u548c\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u7b49\u5904\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u591a\u6b21\u6b63\u5f0f\u8bb2\u6f14\u5ba3\u4f20\u6297\u65e5\u30021943\u5e74\u5979\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u53c2\u4f17\u4e24\u9662\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u9080\u8bf7\uff0c\u4ee5\u5178\u96c5\u751f\u52a8\u7684\u82f1\u6587\uff0c\u843d\u843d\u5927\u65b9\u7684\u4e3e\u6307\uff0c\u7ed9\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7559\u4e0b\u6df1\u523b\u800c\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u534e\u4eba\u7684\u523b\u677f\u5f62\u50cf\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u540c\u60c5\u652f\u6301\u548c\u63f4\u52a9[11, 22]\u3002\u5b8b\u7f8e\u9f84\u8bbf\u7f8e\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u4e2d\u7f8e\u4e24\u56fd\u5728\u4e8c\u6218\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u8054\u76df\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u6848\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\u3002\u57285\u670815\u53f7\u5b8b\u7f8e\u9f84\u548c\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u8bae\u5458\u5403\u665a\u996d\u65f6\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5e9f\u9664\u300a\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u5c06\u63d0\u5347\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u58eb\u6c14\u3002\u5979\u5bf9\u56fd\u4f1a\u5e9f\u9664\u300a\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4f5c\u7528[23]\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u5341\u56db\uff1a1943\u5e74\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u603b\u7edf\u548c\u7b2c\u4e00\u592b\u4eba\u966a\u4f34\u5b8b\u7f8e\u9f84\u5728\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5893\u524d\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u53d6\u81ea[23]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u540c\u60c5\u6709\u6240\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u4f17\u6392\u65a5\u975e\u897f\u6b27\u79fb\u6c11\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u4e00\u5c0f\u7fa4\u8457\u540d\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u4eba\u7269\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u79c1\u4eba\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u201c\u5e9f\u9664\u6392\u534e\u516c\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u201d(Citizens Committee to Repeal Chinese Exclusion\uff09\u6216\u79f0\u5e9f\u9664\u6392\u534e\u548c\u914d\u989d\u79fb\u6c11\u516c\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a[24]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5229\u7528\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u8bf4\u670d\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u516c\u4f17\u3001\u56fd\u4f1a\u5e9f\u96641882\u5e74\u300a\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u3002\u8be5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7531\u8457\u540d\u4f5c\u5bb6\u8d5b\u73cd\u73e0\uff08Pearl Buck), \u548c\u4ed6\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u4e08\u592b\u3001\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u7ebd\u7ea6\u51fa\u7248\u5546\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\uff0d\u6c83\u5c14\u4ec0(Richard Walsh)\u7ec4\u7ec7[6]\u3002 \u5c3d\u7ba1\u8be5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u89c4\u6a21\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f -\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7240\u4eba\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u5f88\u5927[6, 23]\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u5341\u4e94\uff1a\u8d5b\u73cd\u73e0\uff08Pearl Sydenstricker Buck\uff0c1892\u5e746\u670826\u65e5\uff0d1973\u5e743\u67086\u65e5\uff09\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u5c0f\u8bf4\u300a\u5927\u5730\u300b\uff08The Good Earth\uff09\uff0c\u4e8e1932\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u666e\u5229\u7b56\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5956\uff0c\u57281938\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u6587\u5b66\u5956\u3002\u8d5b\u73cd\u73e0\u662f\u201c\u5e9f\u9664\u6392\u534e\u516c\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u201d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8005\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u901a\u8fc7\u6e38\u8bf4\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u5730\u63a8\u52a8\u5e9f\u9664\u300a\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u53d6\u81eahttps:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pearl_S._Buck<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bd5\u56fe\u5e9f\u9664\u300a\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e00\u76f4\u6ca1\u6709\u505c\u6b62\u8fc7\uff0c1920\u5e74\u4ee3\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5c31\u547c\u5401\u505c\u6b62\u6392\u534e\uff0c1930\u5e74\u4ee3, \u8d5b\u73cd\u73e0\uff08Pearl Buck\uff09\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u82e6\u96be\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c11\u4f17\u4e2d\u9020\u6210\u8f70\u52a8\uff0c\u201c\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u6742\u5fd7\u51fa\u7248\u4eba\u4ea8\u5229\u00b7\u5362\u65af (Henry Luce) \u7387\u9886\u5f00\u5c55\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u540c\u60c5\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u6700\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u662f\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u7f8e\u4e2d\u7684\u8054\u76df\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u80dc\u5229[24]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5f53\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u5229\u7528\u300a\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u4141\u300b\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u4f2a\u5584\uff0c\u9f13\u5439\u65e5\u672c\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e9a\u6d32\u7f2a\u8bba\u3002\u53e6\u65b9\u9762\u4e2d\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u5411\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u300a\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u4141\u300b\u6781\u5927\u5730\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u4eba\u7684\u58eb\u6c14\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u4f5c\u6218\u3002\u800c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5219\u4ee5\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u7531\u652f\u6301\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u6e38\u8bf4\uff0c\u575a\u79f0\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u534e\u6b67\u89c6\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5de8\u5927\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u5e9f\u9664\u300a\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u4141\u300b\u662f\u8d62\u5f97\u6218\u4e89\u6240\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u4e3e\u63aa[24]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u6210\u5458\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e1c\u90e8\u7cbe\u82f1\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u8be5\u56fd\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u7684\u76df\u53cb\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u6325\u5176\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u804c\u4f4d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5546\u4e1a\u56e2\u4f53\u6e38\u8bf4\u56fd\u4f1a\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6d77\u5173\u5b98\u5458\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6392\u65a5\u548c\u8650\u5f85\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u5546\u4e1a\u4e0d\u5229\u3002\u5e9f\u9664\u300a\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u4141\u300b\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6218\u540e\u91cd\u5efa\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e0e\u4e9a\u6d32\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d38\u6613\u5173\u7cfb[24]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e8e1943\u5e745\u670825\u65e5\u9996\u6b21\u4e3e\u884c\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u6566\u4fc3\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u56e2\u4f53\u6e38\u8bf4\u56fd\u4f1a\u5bfb\u6c42\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5728\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u540e\u4ec5\u4e03\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c1943<\/strong>\u5e74<\/strong>12<\/strong>\u6708<\/strong>17<\/strong>\u65e5\u56fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u7531\u603b\u7edf\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u7b7e\u7f72\u751f\u6548\u7684\u300a\u9a6c\u683c\u52aa\u68ee\u6cd5<\/strong>\u300b<\/strong>\uff08the\u00a0Magnuson Act<\/a>\u00a0\uff09\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a<\/strong>1943<\/strong>\u5e74\u7684<\/strong>\u201c<\/strong>\u6392\u534e\u5e9f\u9664\u6cd5<\/strong>\u201d<\/strong>\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5e9f\u9664\u4e86\u957f\u8fbe<\/strong>61<\/strong>\u5e74\u4e4b<\/strong>\u4e45\u7684\u300a\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u4141\u300b<\/strong>[25]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u6392\u534e\u5e9f\u9664\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u4f17\u8bae\u5458\uff08\u540e\u6765\u7684\u53c2\u8bae\u5458\uff09\u9a6c\u683c\u52aa\u68ee\uff08Warren G. Magnuson\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u653e\u5f00\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u79fb\u6c11\uff0c\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u8be5\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u79fb\u6c11\u6210\u4e3a\u5165\u7c4d\u516c\u6c11\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u653e\u5bbd\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u79fb\u6c11\u58c1\u5792\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u79fb\u6c11\u7684\u9650\u5236\u4ecd\u7136\u975e\u5e38\u4e25\u683c\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a105\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5165\u5883\u7b7e\u8bc1\u3002\u8be5\u6cd5\u89c4\u7ee7\u7eed\u7981\u6b62\u534e\u4eba\u5bf9\u8d22\u4ea7\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6743\u3002\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5dde\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\uff09\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u6216\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u90fd\u88ab\u5265\u593a\u4e86\u8d22\u4ea7\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff0c\u76f4\u52301965\u5e74\u300a\u9a6c\u683c\u52aa\u68ee\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u5e9f\u9664\u3002[26]<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u5341\u516d\uff1a\u4e8c\u6218\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u534e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u53ca\u5176\u652f\u6301\u8005\u8bf7\u6c42\u56fd\u4f1a\u5e9f\u9664\u201c\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u6848\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u671f\u7684\u5e7f\u544a\u520a\u767b\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u53d6\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u534f\u4f1a\uff08CHSA\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u603b\u7edf\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7acb\u6cd5\u5bf9\u8d62\u5f97\u6218\u4e89\u53ca\u4fc3\u8fdb\u548c\u5e73\u6765\u8bb2\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u540c\u76df\uff0c\u591a\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u72ec\u81ea\u6297\u51fb\u65e5\u672c\u4fb5\u7565\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u7ad9\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u5e9f\u9664\u5c06\u7ea0\u6b63\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u7684\u9519\u8bef,\u6253\u6d88\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u6b6a\u66f2\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5ba3\u4f20[3]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b67\u89c6\u53ca\u5fe0\u8bda\u7684\u8003\u9a8c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\uff1a\u98de\u864e\u961f\u6210\u5458Harry Lim\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u4f34\u8d70\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u5916\u6ee9\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u9762\u8d70\u6765\u4e00\u961f\u65e5\u672c\u4fd8\u864f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8fd1\u8ddd\u79bb\u770b\u5230\u654c\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f7c\u6b64\u5916\u8c8c\u53ca\u5e74\u9f84\u5982\u6b64\u76f8\u4f3c\uff01Lim \u56de\u5fc6\u5230\uff0c\u201c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u519b\u670d\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7fa4\u7537\u5b69\u5b50\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u60c5\u6b64\u666f\u4ee4\u4ed6\u4eec\u9050\u60f3\uff0c\u56de\u56fd\u540e\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u5f85\u534e\u4eba\u5462\uff1f[6]<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u88d4\u5230\u8fbe\u7f8e\u56fd\u8981\u6bd4\u534e\u4eba\u665a30\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u65e5\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u5927\u4f53\u4e0a\u53d7\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u534e\u4eba\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u53ca\u6b67\u89c6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e9a\u88d4\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u534e\u88d4\u4e0e\u65e5\u88d4\u793e\u533a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\u4e92\u76f8\u4e89\u6597\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\uff08\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u7684\uff09\u4e00\u79cd\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u4e9a\u88d4\u5185\u90e8\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u70b9\u5c0f\u5229\u800c\u76f8\u4e92\u5236\u7ea6\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u8f96\u5236\u4e9a\u88d4\u53d1\u5c55[27]\u3002<\/p>\n

20\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u65e5\u6e10\u60e8\u6de1\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u524d\u666f\u7ed9\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u534e\u4eba\u9020\u6210\u957f\u4e45\u7684\u5fe7\u8651; \u5510\u4eba\u8857\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u907f\u98ce\u6e2f\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u6765\u81ea\u65e5\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u65e5\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u62e5\u6709\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u5510\u4eba\u8857\u4e3b\u8981\u65c5\u6e38\u8857\u9053\u4e0a\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u53e4\u73a9\u5e97\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u672c\u4fb5\u534e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u91cd\u4e86\u534e\u88d4\u4e0e\u65e5\u88d4\u793e\u533a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u7cbe\u82f1\u5c06\u5176\u5728\u5510\u4eba\u8857\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u6210\u529f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u4e9a\u6d32\u53d6\u5f97\u80dc\u5229\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u534e\u88d4\u5546\u4eba\u628a\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b\u5f53\u4f5c\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\uff0c\u6566\u4fc3\u767d\u4eba\u6e38\u5ba2\u62b5\u5236\u4ed6\u4eec[27]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u897f\u96c5\u56fe\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u5bf9\u5f85\u65e5\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u53cb\u5584\uff0c\u5f53\u65e5\u672c\u4fb5\u7565\u4e2d\u56fd\u540e\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u505c\u6b62\u5149\u987e\u65e5\u672c\u5546\u5e97\u3002\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u8001\u677f\u6253\u5de5\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u9646\u7eed\u8f9e\u804c\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u65e5\u88d4\u4f5c\u5bb6\u83ab\u59ae\u5361\u00b7\u677e\u59ae\uff08Monica Sone\uff09\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u5bb3\u6015\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5510\u4eba\u8857\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e97\u4e3b\u5728\u5546\u5e97\u524d\u95f2\u804a\uff0c\u7528\u5c16\u9510\u7684\u773c\u5149\u76ef\u7740\u6211\uff0c\u558b\u558b\u4e0d\u4f11\u5730\u56bc\u820c\u5934\u3002\u201d [1]<\/p>\n

\u73cd\u73e0\u6e2f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u534e\u4eba\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u6709\u4e86\u6839\u672c\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f6c\u53d8\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5a92\u4f53\u62a5\u9053\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u5fe0\u8bda\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5219\u662f\u90aa\u6076\u7684\u95f4\u8c0d\u548c\u7834\u574f\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c11\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u663e\u793a(Gallup poll)\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u662f\u5de5\u4f5c\u52aa\u529b\u3001\u8bda\u5b9e\u3001\u52c7\u6562\u3001\u6709\u4fe1\u4ef0 \u3001\u806a\u660e\uff0c\u5584\u4e8e\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u65e5\u672c\u6c11\u65cf\u5c31\u662f\u72e1\u733e, \u5978\u8bc8\u3001\u6b8b\u9177\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u72c2\u4eba\u3002[6]<\/p>\n

\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5176\u4ed6\u65cf\u88d4\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u662f\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u5546\u4eba\u3001\u5de5\u4eba\u6216\u666e\u901a\u804c\u5458\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6740\u622e\u65e0\u8f9c\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u8d27\u81ea\u7136\u4e0a\u5347\u5230\u53cd\u65e5\u60c5\u7eea\u3002\u4ece\u6297\u8bae\u65e5\u672c\u4ea7\u54c1\u5230\u6297\u8bae\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5546\u54c1\u3002[12]<\/p>\n

\u53cd\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u4fb5\u7565\u6218\u4e89\u53ca\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u8d27\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u62b5\u5236\u65e5\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u573a\u53cd\u65e5\u4fb5\u7565\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u786e\u5b9e\u52a9\u957f\u4e86\u53cd\u65e5\u60c5\u7eea\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u8bb0\u672b\u7684\u53cd\u534e\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53cd\u65e5\u60c5\u7eea\u6210\u4e3a\u6b67\u89c6\u65e5\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u3002<\/p>\n

\u591a\u6570\u5fe0\u8bda\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u65e5\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u53d7\u5230\u6b67\u89c6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u56fd\u5987\u5973\u5ac1\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u5546\u5e97\u62d2\u7edd\u4ed6\u8d2d\u4e70\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u5982\u852c\u83dc\u548c\u9c9c\u82b1\u3002\u518d\u5982\u4e00\u540d\u65e5\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u513f\u7ae5\u56e0\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u53cd\u65e5\u60c5\u7eea\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u88ad\u51fb\uff0c\u808b\u9aa8\u65ad\u88c2\u3002[12]<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5fe0\u8bda\u5ea6\u53d7\u5230\u4e25\u91cd\u8d28\u7591\u7684\u65e5\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u8dcc\u5230\u4eba\u7c7b\uff02\u6b67\u89c6\u94fe\uff02\u7684\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u590f\u5a01\u5937\u5730\u533a\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u975e\u5e38\u559c\u6b22\u81ea\u5df1\u77ed\u6682<\/strong>\u201c<\/strong>\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\uff02\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u4e9a\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u7684\u8df5\u8e0f\u53ea\u5b57\u4e0d\u63d0\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8bef\u4f1a\uff0c\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6f84\u6e05\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u662f\u534e\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u4f69\u6234\u5fbd\u7ae0\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u533a\u522b\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u520a\u8bb0\u8005Joseph Chiang\u5c31\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u4e8b\u60c5\u7b80\u5355\u70b9\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u9886\u53e3\u4e0a\uff0c\u522b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fbd\u6807\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u5199\u7740\u201c\u534e\u4eba\u8bb0\u8005\uff0c\u975e\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u3002\u201d[6]<\/p>\n

\u6709\u4e9b\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u643a\u5e26\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f7f\u9986\u7b7e\u5b57\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8bc1\u3002\u522b\u4e0a\u80f8\u9488\uff0c\u201d\u6211\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3002\u201d \u5546\u5e97\u6a71\u7a97\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5199\u7740\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6807\u8bed\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u53d7\u5230\u653b\u51fb[6]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6e05\u65e5\u88d4\u548c\u534e\u88d4\uff1f<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u5341\u4e03\uff0c\u65f6\u4ee3\u5468\u520a\u6742\u5fd7\u8fd8\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u600e\u6837\u8fa8\u522b\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3002[6]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u767d\u4eba\u662f\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u8d39\u529b\u5c06\u4e3a\u5929\u7687\u6548\u5fe0\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u548c\u65e5\u3001\u534e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7b97\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u534e\u4eba\u97e9\u7389\u5c71\uff08\u97f3\uff09\u5728\u52a0\u5ddeBeverly Hills\u79df\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u623f\u5b50\uff0c\u90bb\u5c45\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u62a5\u544a\u8b66\u5bdf\uff0c\u79f0\u4ed6\u7ed9\u654c\u4eba\u53d1\u79d8\u5bc6\u60c5\u62a5\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u519b\u961f\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u4e5f\u514d\u4e0d\u4e86\u79cd\u65cf\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u5987\u5973\u5728\u519b\u961f\u670d\u5f79\u3002\u5979\u56de\u5fc6\u5728\u5df4\u5c14\u7684\u6469\u4e00\u4e2a\u8857\u9053\u91cc\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u767d\u4eba\u5411\u4ed6\u5927\u543c\uff02\u65e5\u672c\u6df7\u86cb\uff0c\u8131\u4e0b\u4f60\u7684\u519b\u88c5\u3002\u201d[6]<\/p>\n

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