{"id":59470,"date":"2025-11-13T15:56:22","date_gmt":"2025-11-13T07:56:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=59470"},"modified":"2025-11-13T15:56:22","modified_gmt":"2025-11-13T07:56:22","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e7%ba%bd%e7%ba%a6%e4%b9%a6%e8%af%84%e3%80%8b%ef%bc%9a%e8%bf%87%e5%8e%bb%e4%b8%8e%e5%bd%93%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%9c%e6%96%b9%e4%b8%bb%e4%b9%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=59470","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u4e66\u8bc4\u300b\uff1a\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0e\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u4e1c\u65b9\u5386\u53f2\u8bc4\u8bba<\/p>\n<p><u><em>\u672c\u6587\u9009\u81ea\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u4e66\u8bc4\u300b2019\u5e745\u670820\u65e5\u201cNYR Daily\u201d\u680f\u76ee\uff0c\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u5386\u53f2\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\u53d7\u6743\u8bd1\u4ecb\u3002\u4e9a\u5f53\u00b7\u6c99\u8328(Adam Shatz) \u662f\u300a\u4f26\u6566\u4e66\u8bc4\u300b\u7684\u7279\u7ea6\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u5e38\u5e74\u4e3a\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u3001\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u4e66\u8bc4\u300b\u3001\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5ba2\u300b\u7b49\u520a\u7269\u64b0\u7a3f\u3002<\/em><\/u><u><em>2019\u5e745\u67083\u65e5\uff0c\u8d1d\u9c81\u7279\u5723\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u5927\u5b66\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u5361\u91cc\u59c6\u00b7\u57c3\u7c73\u5c14\u00b7\u6bd4\u5854 \u5c14(Karim Emile Bitar)\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\u963f\u767b\u7eb3\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u683c\u96f7\u6208\u5c14\u00b7\u6770\u79d1(Gregor Jaecke)\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u4e3b\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0e\u6587\u5316:\u62a5\u9053\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u548c\u5168\u7403\u53cd\u6050\u6218\u4e89\u201d\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u8be5\u4f1a\u8bae\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u4fee\u6539\u800c\u6210\u3002<\/em><\/u><\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/img1.jiemian.com\/101\/original\/20191122\/15744023433247000.jpeg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248\u5c01\u9762\uff0c\u5c01\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u753b\u4f5c\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u753b\u5bb6\u8ba9\u00b7\u83b1\u6602\u00b7\u6770\u7f57\u59c6\u7ed8\u5236\u4e8e1870\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u800d\u86c7\u4eba\u300b(The Snake Charmer)<\/p>\n<section>\n<section>\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u00b7\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u7684\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u662f\u6218\u540e\u77e5\u8bc6\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u5177\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u8bef\u89e3\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u3002\u6216\u8bb8\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u201c\u5173\u4e4e\u201d\u4e2d\u4e1c\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff1b\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u2ec4\u65b9\u4e16\u754c\u5bf9\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u2014\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u4e16\u754c\u6240\u505a\u7684\u63cf\u7ed8\u2014\u2014\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u201c\u5fc3\u7075\u5851\u9020\u6210\u7684\u67b7\u9501\u201d\uff08mind-forg\u2019d manacles\uff0c\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u5e03\u83b1\u514b\u8bed\uff09\u3002\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u8bc4\u8bba\u5bb6\u8bef\u8bfb\u4e86\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8be5\u4e66\u51fa\u4e8e\u672c\u571f\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u672f\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u6389\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u5bf9\u8def\u6613\u65af\u00b7\u9a6c\u897f\u5c3c\u7fc1\uff08Louis Massignon\uff09\u3001\u96c5\u514b\u00b7\u8d1d\u5c14\u514b\uff08Jacques Berque\uff09\u548c\u514b\u5229\u798f\u5fb7\u00b7\u683c\u5c14\u8328\uff08Clifford Geertz\uff09\u7684\u8d5e\u7f8e\uff1b\u800c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5219\u51fa\u4e8e\u540c\u6837\u7684\u8bef\u8bfb\uff0c\u5bf9\u8be5\u4e66\u5927\u52a0\u8d5e\u626c\uff0c\u7f6e\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u5bf9\u4e16\u4fd7\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\u800c\u4e0d\u987e\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/img2.jiemian.com\/101\/original\/20191122\/15744023763855300.jpeg\" alt=\"\" \/>\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section>\u81ea\u8be5\u4e661978\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u7248\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u201c\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u6210\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u6821\u56ed\u91cc\u5177\u6709\u7ec8\u7ed3\u5bf9\u8bdd\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u60f3\u8981\u88ab\u6307\u8d23\u4e3a\u201c\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u60f3\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u79cd\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u6027\u522b\u6b67\u89c6\uff0c\u6b67\u89c6\u540c\u6027\u604b\u6216\u8005\u53d8\u6027\u8005\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u201c\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u201d\uff08Orientalist\uff09\u5982\u4eca\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u88ab\u5eb8\u4fd7\u5316\u4e86\u3002\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u5199\u4f5c\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u60f3\u8981\u5c31\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u2014\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u4e16\u754c\u88ab\u2ec4\u65b9\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5f00\u542f\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u963b\u6b62\u4eba\u4eec\u53bb\u5934\u8111\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u5ba1\u89c6\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u4ed6\u4e5f\u654f\u9510\u5730\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u5199\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u90e8\u5386\u53f2\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f1a\u50cf\u6240\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u8457\u4f5c\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6ce8\u5b9a\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4efd\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6298\u5c04\u5176\u5728\u88ab\u521b\u4f5c\u4e4b\u65f6\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u538b\u529b\u548c\u7126\u8651\u3002\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u8fd1\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u548c\u57c3\u53ca\u4e4b\u95f4\u7b7e\u8ba2\u4e86\u300a\u6234\u7ef4\u8425\u534f\u8bae\u300b\uff0c\u9ece\u5df4\u5ae9\u5185\u6218\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\uff1b\u4f0a\u6717\u5373\u5c06\u7206\u53d1\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u56db\u5e74\u540e\u6c99\u9f99\u5165\u4fb5\u9ece\u5df4\u5ae9\uff0c\u8428\u5e03\u62c9\u548c\u6c99\u63d0\u62c9\u4e24\u5730\u96be\u2ea0\u8425\u7684\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u96be\u2ea0\u906d\u5230\u5c60\u6740\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u5168\u56fd\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u798f\u67ef\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u8bfb\u8005\uff0c\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u60f3\u8ba9\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u672c\u8bb0\u5f55\u201c\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u201d\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u2014\u2014\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u7684\u201c\u5f53\u4e0b\u201d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u662f\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u6587\u672c\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u5199\u4f5c\u800c\u6210\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u63d0\u70bc\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u9898\uff0c\u7528\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf4\u5373\u662f\uff1a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u201c\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u2018\u4e1c\u65b9\u2019\u548c\u2018\u2ec4\u65b9\u2019\uff08\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u5019\u7528\u7684\u2018the 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48c\u5b5f\u5fb7\u65af\u9e20\u5230\u4f2f\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u5218\u6613\u65af\uff08Bernard Lewis\uff09\u548c\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u6d3e\u666e\u65af\uff08Daniel Pipes\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u751f\u4ea7\u6709\u5173\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u2014\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u9635\u5bb9\u6709\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u8005\u7684\u54c1\u6027\u8f83\u4e4b\u4ee5\u524d\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4ecd\u7136\u975e\u5e38\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u770b\u4f3c\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u7279\u6027\u8ba9\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u62db\u81f4\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u672a\u6b47\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u8d77\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u663e\u7136\u5bf9\u89e3\u91ca\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u66f4\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u8bd5\u56fe\u786e\u7acb\u4e00\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ecd\u7136\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5145\u6ee1\u6d3b\u529b\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u7740\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ff1\u8fdb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u73af\u5883\u8c03\u6574\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8ba9\u5176\u5f97\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u9002\u5e94\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u6d3b\u529b\u30022001\u5e749\u670811\u65e5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5e03\u4ec0\u653f\u5e9c\u5e26\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u72c2\u70ed\uff0c\u5ba3\u79f0\u89e3\u653e\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5987\u5973\u662f\u5176\u5165\u4fb5\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7684\u7406\u7531\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u8c13\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u5fc3\u7075\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u62c9\u6590\u5c14\u00b7\u5e15\u5854\u4f0a\uff08Raphael Patai\uff09\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u8fd0\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u5b9a\u963f\u5e03\u683c\u83b1\u5e03\u76d1\u72f1\u7684\u9177\u5211\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4f2f\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u5218\u6613\u65af\u53d7\u9080\u5728\u300a\u5927\u2ec4\u6d0b\u300b\u6b66\u65ad\u5730\u8c08\u7740\u201c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u6124\u6012\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u201d\uff0c\u8bb0\u8005\u524d\u5f80\u7ea6\u65e6\u6cb3\u2ec4\u5cb8\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u81ea\u6740\u5f0f\u70b8\u5f39\u88ad\u51fb\u8005\u7684\u6124\u6012\uff1b\u5c06\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5987\u5973\u4ece\u66b4\u529b\u3001\u975e\u7406\u6027\u3001\u9738\u9053\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7537\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u9648\u8bcd\u6ee5\u8c03\u2014\u2014\u63a7\u5236\u4e0b\u89e3\u6551\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u540c\u60c5\u548c\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u5728\u5e03\u4ec0\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u516c\u7136\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u5e38\u5e38\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u57fa\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u5047\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5dee\u5f02\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u4e13\u5bb6\u201d\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u519b\u4e8b\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u63a8\u8fdb\u2ea0\u4e3b\u201d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6587\u660e\u76d1\u62a4\uff08civilizational tutelage\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u603b\u7edf\u4efb\u5185\uff0c\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u72c2\u70ed\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u6240\u51cf\u5f31\u3002\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u9996\u5148\u660e\u786e\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e76\u4e0d\u6253\u7b97\u51b3\u5b9a\u5bf9\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u2014\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u4e16\u754c\u53d1\u53f7\u65bd\u4ee4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e0e\u5176\u5408\u4f5c\uff1b\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4f0a\u6717\u8868\u793a\u51fa\u53cb\u597d\u59ff\u6001\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5bf9\u7ea6\u65e6\u6cb3\u897f\u5cb8\u7684\u5360\u9886\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u52a0\u6c99\u5730\u5e26\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u662f2009\u5e74\u4ed6\u5728\u5f00\u7f57\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u8457\u540d\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u4e5f\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u90a3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c6\u89d2\u3002\u542c\u4ed6\u6f14\u8bb2\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u5927\u591a\u5e0c\u671b\u81ea\u5df1\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u5404\u81ea\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6216\u65e0\u795e\u8bba\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b97\u6559\u53ea\u662f\u8eab\u4efd\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\u4e0d\u5230\u4e24\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7a81\u5c3c\u65af\u548c\u57c3\u53ca\u7684\u8857\u9053\u5bf9\u6b64\u7ed9\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u5404\u56fd\u8d77\u4e49\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u8981\u6c42\uff1a\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u6cd5\u6cbb\uff0c\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u516c\u2ea0\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u9762\u5305\u548c\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4f46\u5b97\u6559\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u5982\u679c\u201c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4e4b\u6625\u201d\u6467\u6bc1\u4e86\u5b97\u6559\u662f\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u2014\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u529b\u91cf\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u795e\u8bdd\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4e5f\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e7b\u60f3\uff1a\u4e2d\u4e1c\u4eba\u60f3\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u201d\uff0c\u82f1\u7f8e\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u5929\u7136\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\uff1b\u5728\u8138\u4e66\u548c\u8c37\u6b4c\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u4e1c\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u201c\u5dee\u5f02\u201d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53cd\u5e38\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u7136\u540e\u5230\u6765\u4e86\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4e4b\u51ac\u201d\u3002\u4ece\u90a3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0cISIS\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u8428\u62c9\u83f2\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08<em>\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1aSalafism\uff0c\u900a\u5c3c\u6d3e\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u8428\u62c9\u83f2\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u8bf4\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u4fdd\u5b88\u6b63\u7edf\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u8be5\u5b66\u8bf4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u6559\u65e8\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u590d\u53e4\u4e3b\u4e49<\/em>\uff09\u590d\u5174\uff0c\u90a3\u79cd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e1c\u897f\u6587\u660e\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u53ef\u6539\u53d8\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u65e7\u5f0f\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u53c8\u56e0\u4e4b\u590d\u6d3b\uff0c\u65e7\u653f\u6743\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u590d\u8f9f\u3002\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u548c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e5f\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u6dfb\u7816\u52a0\u74e6\u3002\u5982\u57c3\u53ca\u585e\u2ec4\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u6743\u663e\u7136\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u5ba3\u4f20\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u516c\u6c11\u9700\u8981\u4e14\u66f4\u559c\u6b22\u4e25\u5389\u3001\u7236\u6743\u5236\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u4eba\u6743\u5c31\u89c1\u9b3c\u53bb\u5427\u3002<strong>\u81f3\u4e8eISIS\uff0c\u5b83\u751a\u81f3\u6bd4\u57fa\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u66f4\u52a0\u70ed\u60c5\u5730\u62e5\u62b1\u585e\u7f2a\u5c14\u00b7\u4ea8\u5ef7\u987f\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u660e\u51b2\u7a81\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4e16\u754c\uff08umma\uff09\u4e0e\u5f02\u6559\u5f92\u4e0d\u5171\u6234\u5929\u3002<\/strong><strong>\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u201c\u8054\u5408\u5236\u4f5c\u4ea7\u54c1\u201d\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u5236\u4f5c\u8005\u90fd\u62e5\u6709\u540c\u7b49\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002<\/strong><\/section>\n<section>\u7279\u6717\u666e\u5c31\u4efb\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d8b\u52bf\u4ecd\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u7834\u88c2\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u6743\u529b\u77e5\u8bc6\u201d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u76f4\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6e34\u671b\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5efa\u6784\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u8bcb\u6bc1\u201c\u4ed6\u8005\u201d\u3002\u5728\u62ff\u7834\u4ed11798\u5e74\u6d3e\u5f80\u57c3\u53ca\u7684\u8fdc\u5f81\u519b\u91cc\uff0c\u5305\u62ec122\u540d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u626e\u4f5c\u4e1c\u65b9\u4eba\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f3c\u4e4e\u60f3\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u4ed6\u8005\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u60f3\u60f3T.E.\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u90a3\u8eab\u6d6a\u6f2b\u7684\u6c99\u6f20\u884c\u88c5\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u963f\u5c14\u53ca\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u745e\u58eb\u63a2\u9669\u5bb6\u4f0a\u838e\u8d1d\u5c14\u00b7\u57c3\u4f2f\u54c8\u7279\uff08Isabelle Eberhardt\uff09\u8eab\u7740\u7537\u88c5\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u7688\u4f9d\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u4ea4\u6447\u8eab\u4e00\u53d8\uff0c\u6210\u4e86Si Mahmoud Saadi\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/img1.jiemian.com\/101\/original\/20191122\/157442956481376600.jpeg\" alt=\"\" \/>T.E.\u52b3\u4f26\u65af<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/img2.jiemian.com\/101\/original\/20191122\/157442957920926900.jpeg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4f0a\u838e\u2ec9\u5c14\u00b7\u57c3\u4f2f\u54c8\u7279<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\u897f\u65b9\u63a2\u9669\u5bb6\u548c\u95f4\u8c0d\u5f88\u5c11\u4f1a\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u79c1\u5fc3\u5730\u53bb\u6536\u96c6\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e3a\u6b96\u6c11\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5f81\u670d\u6218\u4e89\u548c\u201c\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u5e72\u9884\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c06\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u5f81\u670d\u91cd\u65b0\u5851\u9020\u4e3a\u53cc\u65b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u201c\u77e5\u60c5\u540c\u610f\u201d\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\uff1a\u8bf1\u60d1\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5f3a\u5978\u3002\u4ece\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u62e5\u62b1\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u5171\u548c\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u4e3b\u5f20\u8981\u53bb\u8d62\u5f97\u4eba\u5fc3\u548c\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u8ba9\u201c\u4ed6\u8005\u201d\u63a5\u53d7\u2ec4\u65b9\u2ea0\u4e3b\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u5982\u76ae\u57c3\u5c14\u2014\u8ba9\u00b7\u5362\u74e6\u683c\u5c14\uff08Pierre-Jean Luizard\uff09\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u65b0\u4e66\u300a\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4e0e\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u300b(The Republic and Islam)\u4e2d\u6240\u8bba\u8bc1\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u6b96\u2ea0\u6d3b\u52a8\u662f\u201c\u5728\u5171\u548c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5b97\u6559\u53f3\u7ffc\u5219\u5bf9\u6b96\u6c11\u6269\u5f20\u66f4\u52a0\u8c28\u614e\u3002\u201d\uff08\u800c\u8fd9\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u662f\u53cd\u5bf9\u6cd5\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\u548c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5f00\u59cb\u6000\u7591\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002\uff09\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u4e3a\u5165\u4fb5\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u8fa9\u62a4\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u5bfb\u6c42\u548c\u89e3\u7684\u4e00\u9762\uff1a9\u670811\u65e5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7W\u00b7\u5e03\u4ec0\u660e\u786e\u8868\u793a\u81ea\u5df1\u53cd\u5bf9\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6050\u60e7\u75c7\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u5230\u4e86\u7279\u6717\u666e\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u9762\u5b54\u51e0\u4e4e\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u597d\u4e8b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u610f\u5473\u7740\u865a\u4f2a\u7684\u9762\u5b54\u88ab\u6233\u7a7f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u9ed1\u6697\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u30022008\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u4e3a\u300a\u4f26\u6566\u4e66\u8bc4\u300b\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8bc4\u8bba\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u540d\u4e3a\u201cObsession\u201d\u7684\u7eaa\u5f55\u7247\u3002\u8be5\u7eaa\u5f55\u7247\u4ee5DVD\u5f62\u5f0f\u9644\u52a0\u572874\u4efd\u62a5\u7eb8\u7684\u589e\u520a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bc4\u7ed92800\u4e07\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u3002\u8be5\u7247\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u623f\u5730\u4ea7\u5927\u4ea8\u3001\u5229\u5e93\u5fb7\u96c6\u56e2\u652f\u6301\u8005\u8c22\u5c14\u767b\u00b7\u963f\u5fb7\u5c14\u68ee\uff08Sheldon 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\u4e3b\u6f14\u7684\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c40\u91cd\u6848\u7ec4\u7763\u5bdf\u201c\u80ae\u810f\u54c8\u91cc\u201d\u8ffd\u67e5\u4e00\u540d\u8fde\u73af\u6740\u624b\u7684\u6545\u4e8b<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u60c5\u5f62\u5f88\u4e0d\u5bb9\u4e50\u89c2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u5426\u8ba4\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u5bf9\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u53ca\u5176\u884d\u751f\u7269\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u529b\u7684\u62b5\u6297\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u963f\u5c14\u53ca\u5229\u4e9a\u548c\u82cf\u4e39\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u8d77\u4e49\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u4e13\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\u56de\u6f6e\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53cd\u6297\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u6c11\u4e3b\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u529b\u91cf\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u770b\u5230\u53cd\u5bf9\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u975e\u6cd5\u5360\u9886\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u9010\u6e10\u9ad8\u6da8\uff0c\u8fd9\u80a1\u8fd0\u52a8\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u6b63\u4e49\u7406\u60f3\u5f53\u5e74\u6fc0\u52b1\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ed1\u4eba\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u800c\u6597\u4e89\u3002\u5728\u6587\u5316\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u7a81\u5c3c\u65af\u5384\u4e4c\u5fb7\u7434\u5927\u5e08\u963f\u7459\u5c14\u00b7\u4f2f\u62c9\u7f55\uff08Anouar Brahem\uff09\u4e0e\u7235\u58eb\u4e50\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u53e4\u5178\u97f3\u4e50\u5bb6\u4e00\u8d77\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6770\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4ed6\u7684\u97f3\u4e50\u4e2d\u542c\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u6297\u4e89\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u80fd\u4ece\u7ebd\u7ea6\u4f5c\u66f2\u5bb6\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u91d1\uff08John King)\u7684\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u56db\u91cd\u594f\u300b\uff08Free Palestine Quartet\uff09\u542c\u5230\uff1a\u8fd9\u652f\u732e\u7ed91948\u5e74\u88ab\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u519b\u961f\u6467\u6bc1\u7684\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u6751\u5e84\u7684\u66f2\u5b50\uff0c\u662f\u6309\u7167\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u65cb\u5f8b\u548c\u8282\u594f\u8c31\u5199\u800c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u538b\u8feb\u6027\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u5f53\u4ee3\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\uff0c\u57c3\u7eb3\u5c14\u7684\u300a\u7f57\u76d8\u300b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u5bcc\u6709\u96c4\u5fc3\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u501f\u7531\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f20\u7edf\u672c\u8eab\u53bb\u505a\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u63a9\u9970\u4e86\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u5236\u548c\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u3001\u6700\u5f00\u660e\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\u91cc\u4e5f\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u300a\u7f57\u76d8\u300b\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u6cd5\u56fd\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u6cd5\u56fd\u5bf9\u963f\u5c14\u53ca\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u57c3\u7eb3\u5c14\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u6c89\u9ed8\u5f88\u602a\u5f02\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u8bf4\u660e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u867d\u7136\u57c3\u7eb3\u5c14\u65e8\u5728\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u300a\u7f57\u76d8\u300b\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u5728\u8fd1\u5e74\u62cd\u6444\u7684\u4ee5\u201c\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u4ed6\u8005\u201d\u4e3a\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u7535\u5f71\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u5728\u5965\u5730\u5229\u5bfc\u6f14\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7\u54c8\u5185\u514b\uff08Michael Haneke\uff092017\u5e74\u6267\u5bfc\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u5feb\u4e50\u7ed3\u5c40\u300b(Happy End)\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a0\u83b1\u96be\u6c11\u77ed\u6682\u5730\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u753b\u9762\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9192\u4eba\u4eec\u897f\u65b9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7279\u6743\u548c\u865a\u4f2a\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5bfc\u6f14\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u62cd\u6444\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u52a0\u7f2a\u7684\u300a\u5f02\u4e61\u4eba\u300b\u4e2d\u90a3\u4f4d\u65e0\u540d\u7684\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u8fbe\u767b\u5144\u5f1f\uff08Dardenne Brothers\uff09\u5728\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u65e0\u540d\u5973\u5b69\u300b\uff08The Unknown Girl\uff09\u4e2d\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b\uff1a\u4e00\u4f4d\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u975e\u6d32\u5993\u5973\u4e0d\u5e78\u88ab\u8c0b\u6740\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u533b\u751f\u81ea\u8ba4\u5bf9\u6b64\u8d1f\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u826f\u77e5\u7684\u8c34\u8d23\u3002\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u975e\u6d32\u4eba\u3001\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u88ab\u5851\u9020\u6210\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u884c\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u88ab\u601c\u60af\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u88ab\u8511\u89c6\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/img2.jiemian.com\/101\/original\/20191122\/157442944553822500.jpeg\" alt=\"\" \/>\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\u300b<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u7535\u5f71\u662f\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u30022017\u5e74\uff0c\u963f\u57fa\u00b7\u8003\u91cc\u65af\u9a6c\u57fa\uff08Aki Kaurism\u00e4ki\uff09\u62cd\u6444\u4e86\u300a\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\u300b\uff08The Other Side of Hope\uff09\uff0c\u7535\u5f71\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u82ac\u5170\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u53d9\u5229\u4e9a\u96be\u6c11\u54c8\u7acb\u5fb7\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u4e3a\u9003\u907f\u5f53\u5c40\u6293\u6355\uff0c\u54c8\u7acb\u5fb7\u8fc7\u7740\u9690\u79d8\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u51e0\u4f4d\u82ac\u5170\u4eba\u51fa\u624b\u76f8\u52a9\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u505a\u5584\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u53cb\u60c5\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u88ab\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u56e2\u4f19\u9a9a\u6270\u3001\u6bb4\u6253\u3002\u54c8\u7acb\u5fb7\u51b3\u5fc3\u8981\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u5f3a\uff0c\u4ed6\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u82ac\u5170\u670b\u53cb\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5728\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff1b\u54c8\u7acb\u5fb7\u9760\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u667a\u6167\u8c0b\u751f\uff0c\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u59b9\u59b9\u80fd\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u65e7\u4e16\u754c\u6d3b\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u8003\u91cc\u65af\u9a6c\u57fa\u662f\u4e2a\u8bda\u5b9e\u7684\u5bfc\u6f14\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5feb\u4e50\u7ed3\u5c40\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u54c8\u5185\u514b\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u540d\u5b57\u6240\u5632\u8bbd\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e0e\u54c8\u5185\u514b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8003\u91cc\u65af\u9a6c\u57fa\u7ad9\u5728\u4e86\u6b27\u6d32\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7fa4\u4f53\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6682\u65f6\u5730\u5f97\u4ee5\u4e00\u7aa5\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\u9762\u8c8c\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u7684\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u5e76\u975e\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9a\u8bba\uff0c\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u4e5f\u6ca1\u60f3\u53bb\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u9ed8\u514b\u5c14\u51b3\u5b9a\u5b89\u7f6e100\u4e07\u53d9\u5229\u4e9a\u96be\u6c11\uff0c\u666e\u4eac\u4e0e\u963f\u8428\u5fb7\u653f\u6743\u8054\u76df&#8230;&#8230;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u51f8\u663e\u51fa\u4e86\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\uff1a\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u6ca1\u6709\u5c31\u5fb7\u56fd\u6216\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u662f\u5bf9\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f46\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u77e5\u8bc6\u9000\u5316\u7684\u8bf1\u60d1\u201d\uff08seductive degradation of knowledge\uff09\u7684\u8b66\u544a\u4ecd\u7136\u8a00\u72b9\u5728\u8033\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u51e0\u5468\uff0c\u7279\u6717\u666e\u653f\u5e9c\u52a0\u7d27\u4e86\u5bf9\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u5236\u88c1\uff0c\u4e5f\u8c03\u9ad8\u4e86\u5bf9\u5176\u519b\u4e8b\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u8c03\u2ed4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53c8\u60f3\u8d77\u4e86\u8428\u4e49\u5fb7\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u201c\u6743\u529b\u8bdd\u8bed&#8230;&#8230;\u592a\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5236\u9020\uff0c\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u88ab\u5b88\u536b\u3002\u201d\u7279\u6717\u666e\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u535a\u5c14\u987f\uff08John 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