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\u65e5\u4fc4\u6218\u4e89\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u65f7\u65e5\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u6218\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6253\u8d62\u8fd9\u573a\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4e8e1904\u5e744\u6708\u6d3e\u9063\u65e5\u672c\u94f6\u884c\u526f\u603b\u88c1\u9ad8\u6865\u662f\u6e05\u524d\u5f80\u56fd\u9645\u91d1\u878d\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4f26\u6566\u7b79\u6b3e1000\u4e07\u82f1\u9551\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u6295\u8d44\u94f6\u884c\u5bb6\u5bf9\u6b64\u6beb\u65e0\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5b9e\u529b\u663e\u7136\u5904\u4e8e\u52a3\u52bf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6b64\u524d\u5c1a\u65e0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b27\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\u88ab\u975e\u6b27\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\u51fb\u8d25\u7684\u5148\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u94f6\u884c\u5bb6\u4eec\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u65e5\u672c\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u65e5\u4fc4\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u3002\u5f53\u7f8e\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u91d1\u878d\u5bb6\u96c5\u5404\u5e03\u2022\u5e0c\u592b\uff08Jacob Schff)\u2463\u5f97\u77e5\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d88\u606f\u540e\uff0c\u6beb\u4e0d\u72b9\u8c6b\u5730\u8d37\u6b3e\u7ed9\u65e5\u672c2000\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u672c\u5df2\u9677\u4eba\u7a98\u5883\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u901a\u8fc7\u5e0c\u592b\u7684\u5e93\u6069\u2014\u2014\u6d1b\u5e03\u516c\u53f8\uff08Kuhn Loeb & Co.) \u5f97\u5230\u6025\u9700\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u800c\u89e3\u4e86\u71c3\u7709\u4e4b\u6025\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u6253\u8d25\u6c99\u4fc4\u3002\u5e0c\u592b\u60c5\u613f\u4e3a\u8fd9\u9879\u501f\u6b3e\u627f\u62c5\u5de8\u5927\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u539f\u56e0 \u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff0c\u5bf9\u6c99\u4fc4\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u53cd\u72b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u7b56\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u57fa\u5e0c\u8bb7\u4e4c\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u2464\uff09\u6781\u4e3a\u6124\u6012\uff0c\u8d81\u6b64\u673a\u4f1a \u62a5\u590d\u6c99\u4fc4\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u6218\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u96c5\u5404\u5e03\u2022\u5e0c\u592b\u8fd8\u66fe\u5411\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u4e0b\u8fbe\u7981\u4ee4\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u4e00\u5206\u94b1\u4e5f\u4e0d\u501f\u8d37\u7ed9\u4fc4\u56fd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fc4\u56fd\u4e00\u8d2f\u4e25\u5389\u9547\u538b\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u8d37\u6b3e\u5f15\u8d77\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5766\u8a00\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5e0c\u592b\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d6\u5f97\u5bf9\u4fc4\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u3002\u5e0c\u592b\u6210\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u62a5\u7eb8\u8fde\u7bc7\u7d2f\u724d\u5730\u9882\u626c\u4ed6\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u53d6\u80dc\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u8d77\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5386\u53f2\u4e66\u4e0a\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6574\u6574\u4e00\u7ae0\u6765\u53d9\u8ff0\u4ed6\u3002\u660e\u6cbb\u5929\u7687\u7834\u4f8b\u5728\u7687\u5bab\u9080\u8bf7\u5e0c\u592b\u5171\u8fdb\u665a\u9910\u5e76\u6388\u4e88\u65ed\u65e5\u52cb\u7ae0\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u83b7\u6b64\u6b8a\u8363\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u501f\u5e0c\u592b\u4e4b\u52a9\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u65b0\u9886\u571f\u3001\u65b0\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u6b64\u540e\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u6df1\u4fe1\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5728\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u62e5\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u52bf\u529b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u63a7\u5236\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u8def\u540e\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u6cb3\u8c5a\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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\u867d\u7136\u6b64\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u6240\u80fd\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6570\u91cf\u8fd8\u6781\u5c11\uff0c\u8fd8\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u5f62\u6210\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5370\u8c61\u548c\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8005\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u80fd\u529b\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u6b65\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u2460<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u672c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5411\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u793a\u597d\u662f\u5bf9\u300a\u8d1d\u5c14\u798f\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u7684\u5584\u610f\u8868\u6001\u30021917\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u52a1\u5927\u81e3\u4e9a\u745f\u2022\u8d1d\u5c14\u798f\u901a\u8fc7\u81f4\u51fd\u7f57\u65af\u67f4\u5c14\u5fb7\u52cb\u7235(Lord Lionel Walter Rothschild) \u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u53d1\u8868\u5173\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u300a\u8d1d\u5c14\u798f\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u3002\u8be5\u5ba3\u8a00\u5ba3\u79f0\u652f\u6301\u72b9\u592a\u590d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5728\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u5efa\u7acb\u72b9\u592a\u6c11\u65cf\u4e4b\u5bb6\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u4e0d\u4f24\u5bb3\u5f53\u5730\u5df2\u6709\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u867d\u7136\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5f62\u6210\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5916\u4ea4\u65b9\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u8868\u793a\u51fa\u4e86\u5bf9\u6709\u5173\u72b9\u592a\u6c11\u65cf\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u590d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u6301\u540c\u60c5\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300a\u8d1d\u5c14\u798f\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u540e\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u590d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u79ef\u6781\u5bfb\u6c42\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u590d\u53e4\u4e3b\u4e49\u534f\u4f1a\u4f1a\u957f\u57c3\u5229\u2022 \u5609\u9053\u7406\uff08SirElly Kadoorie)\u4e8e1918\u5e747\u6708\u4ee5\u5ea6\u5047\u4e3a\u540d\u6765\u5230\u65e5\u672c\u3002\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5609\u9053\u7406\u5c3d\u529b\u53bb\u4e89\u53d6\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9 \u300a\u8d1d\u5c14\u798f\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f46\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7b54\u590d\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u57281920\u5e744\u6708\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u571f\u8033\u5176\u548c\u8c08\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5bf9\u6709\u5173\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u95ee\u9898\u660e\u786e\u8868\u6001\uff0c\u5ba3\u79f0\u652f\u6301\u72b9\u592a\u590d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u540c\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u5185\u7530\u5eb7\u54c9\u5916\u76f8\u5411\u6cd5\u56fd\u9a7b\u65e5\u672c\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u9012\u4ea4\u4e86\u5bf9\u300a\u8d1d\u5c14\u798f\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u6b63\u5f0f\u627f\u8ba4\u7684\u4e66\u7b80\u3002\u2461\u5f53\u65f6\u4e0a\u6d77\u6700\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u82f1\u6587\u62a5\u7eb8\u300a\u5b57\u6797\u897f\u62a5\u300b(NorthChina Herald)1919\u5e741\u670825\u65e5\u520a\u767b\u4e86\u300a\u72b9\u592a\u6c11\u65cf\u8fd0\u52a8\u300b\u4e00\u6587\uff0c\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u590d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u201c\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u590d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u534f\u4f1a\u201d\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8bc4\u4ef7\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5185\u7530\u5eb7\u54c9\u5916\u76f8\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u590d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u72b9\u592a\u6c11\u65cf\u57fa\u91d1\uff08Jewish NationalFund)\u7684\u91d1\u4e66\uff08GoldBook)\u4e2d\u4ee5\u8868\u8fbe\u5c0a\u656c\u4e4b\u610f\u548c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4ed6\u7684\u529f\u7ee9\u3002\u5185\u7530\u5916\u76f8\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u8f7d\u5165\u91d1\u4e66\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u2462\u5176\u529f\u7ee9\u88ab\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5e7f\u4e3a\u9882\u626c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u201c\u6cb3\u8c5a\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u51fa\u53f0\u80cc\u666f\u4e0e\u54c8\u5c14\u6ee8\u201c\u9a6c\u8fed\u5c14\u5bbe\u9986\u7ed1\u67b6\u6848\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u53cd\u72b9\u601d\u6f6e\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u51fa\u5175\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u30021918\u5e74\u65e5\u672c\u51fa\u5175\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u4e0e\u767d\u4fc4\u519b\u961f\u5171\u540c\u5bf9\u4ed8\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u63a5\u89e6\u53cd\u72b9\u601d\u6f6e\u5e76\u53d7\u6b64\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u4eba\u5982\u5b89\u6c5f\u4ed9\u5f18\u3001\u72ac\u585a\u60df\u91cd\u3001\u6a0b\u53e3\u5b63\u4e00\u90ce\u7b49\u53d7\u5230\u767d\u4fc4\u519b\u961f\u4e2d\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u53cd\u72b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63a5\u89e6\u7531\u4fc4\u56fd\u79d8\u5bc6\u8b66\u5bdf\u7f16\u9020\u5904\u7406\u7684\u3001\u6076\u6bd2\u7684\u53cd\u72b9\u4e66\u7c4d\u300a\u9521\u5b89\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7eaa\u8981\u300b\u2463\u5e76\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u8fd9\u672c\u5c0f\u518c\u5b50\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u5373\u72b9\u592a\u9886\u8896\u53ec\u5f00\u79d8\u5bc6\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u56fe\u8c0b\u593a\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u767d\u4fc4\u519b\u961f\u4e2d\u7684\u53cd\u72b9\u601d\u60f3\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u4eba\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u72b9\u653f\u7b56 \u5236\u5b9a\u8005\u7684\u201c\u72b9\u592a\u95ee\u9898\u4e13\u5bb6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u672c\u51fa\u5175\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\uff0c\u5171\u6295\u516510\u4e07\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u82b1\u8d399\u4ebf\u65e5\u5143\u7684\u6218\u8d39\uff0c\u4e09\u5343\u4eba\u9635\u4ea1\u5374\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u6218\u7ee9\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e8e1922\u5e74\u64a4\u5175\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u5b89\u6c5f\u4ed9\u5f18\u2464\u548c\u72ac\u585a\u60df\u91cd\u2465\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u3002\u72ac\u585a\u60df\u91cd\u56de\u56fd\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u4e1c\u4eac\u6d77\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\u805a\u96c6\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d7\u5230\u53cd\u72b9\u601d\u60f3\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5b98\u5458\u5171\u540c\u8ba8\u8bba\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u201c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u9634\u8c0b\u201d\u3002\u800c\u5b89\u6c5f\u4ed9\u5f18\u5219\u5728\u9646\u519b\u60c5\u62a5\u5c40\u5f00\u59cb\u5c06 \u300a\u9521\u5b89\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7eaa\u8981\u300b\u8bd1\u6210\u65e5\u6587\u3002\u51e0\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u72b9\u592a\u95ee\u9898\u4e13\u5bb6\u201d\u7684\u519b\u4eba\u6d3e\u6108\u6765\u6108\u5e9e\u5927\u548c\u516c\u5f00\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53c8\u9646\u7eed\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u8bb2\u5ea7\u548c\u8bba\u575b\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u95ee\u9898\u4e13\u5bb6\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u4fe1\u300a\u9521\u5b89\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7eaa\u8981\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u662f\u79d8\u5bc6\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e16\u754c\u9769\u547d\u7684\u4e2d\u575a\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65e5\u4fc4\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\u671f\u7b79\u6b3e\u7ed9\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u5bcc\u5546\u96c5\u5404\u5e03\u2022\u5e0c\u592b\u5229\u7528\u5176\u540d\u671b\u3001\u5de8\u989d\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u6743\u52bf\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u5404\u79cd\u56fd\u9645\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u96c5\u5404\u5e03\u2022\u5e0c\u592b\u786e\u5b9e\u57281912\u5e74\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u2022\u4f0d\u5fb7\u7f57\u2022\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\uff08Thomas Woodrow Wilson)\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u66fe\u7ecf\u6570\u6b21\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u4f0d\u5fb7\u7f57\u2022\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u548c\u72c4\u5965\u591a\u2022\u7f57\u65af\u798f (Theodore Roosevelt)\u4e24\u4f4d\u603b\u7edf\u4ea4\u8c08\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u56fd\u738b\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u4e03\u4e16\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u660e\u6cbb\u5929\u7687\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4f1a\u9762\u3002\u4ed6\u548c\u7f57\u65af\u67f4\u5c14\u5fb7\u5bb6\u65cf\uff08Rothschild Family)\u3001\u6c83\u4f2f\u683c\u5bb6\u65cf\uff08Warburgs Family)\u3001\u2460\u5965\u672c\u6d77\u9ed8\u5bb6\u65cf\uff08Oppenheimer Family)\u2461\u7b49\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u88ab\u6307\u4e3a\u7528\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u9634\u8c0b\u63a7\u5236\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u96c5\u5404\u5e03\u2022\u5e0c\u592b\u6210\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u9634\u8c0b\u8bba\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e26\u6709\u5145\u6ee1\u654c\u610f\u7684\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8272\u5f69\u3002<\/p>\n

1927\u5e74\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u5411\u9646\u519b\u501f\u8c03\u5b89\u6c5f\u4ed9\u5f18\uff0c\u5e76\u6d3e\u4ed6\u548c\u9152\u4e95\u80dc\u519b\u2462\u53bb\u4e2d\u4e1c\u8c03\u67e5\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u9886\u8896\u54c8\u4f0a\u59c6.\u9b4f\u8328\u66fc\uff08Chaim Azriei Weizmann)\u548c\u5927\u536b.\u672c-\u53e4\u7406\u6602\uff08David Ben-Gurion)\u7b49\u4ea4\u8c08\u3002\u5b89\u6c5f\u9976\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u5730\u5173\u6ce8\u5230\u57fa\u5e03\u5179\uff0c\u2463\u5e76\u4e14\u6df1\u4fe1\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4ee5\u540e\u4f1a\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u5f62\u5f0f\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u5f81\u670d\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6b96\u6c11\u3002\u5916\u52a1\u7701\u60c5\u62a5\u90e8\u95e8\u8fd8\u5411\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u548c\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\u53d1\u51fa\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5f97\u5230\u5168\u7403\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u60c5\u62a5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u8fde\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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\u4ece1933\u5e74\u52301936\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u767d\u4fc4\u6d41\u6c11\u4e8e1931\u5e745\u6708\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u6709\u7740\u660e\u786e\u53cd\u72b9\u503e\u5411\u7684\u201c\u4fc4\u56fd\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u515a\u201d\u52d2\u7d22\u9ad8\u989d\u8d4e\u91d1\u7684\u7ed1\u67b6\u5c61\u89c1\u4e0d\u9c9c\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5e38\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u2463\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u8b66\u65b9\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4e07\u65af\u767d (Amleto Vespa)\u2464\u8fd8\u5bf9\u897f\u8499\u2022\u5361\u65af\u666e\u7ed1\u67b6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7ed9\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u540d\u5355\u3002\u540d\u5355\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u5305\u62ec\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u906d\u7ed1\u67b6\u768412\u4eba\u4e2d\u67098\u540d\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u3002\u51e0\u8d77\u7ed1\u67b6\u90fd\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8\u989d\u7684\u8d4e\u91d1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5361\u65af\u666e\u7ed1\u67b6\u6848\u7d22\u8981\u7684\u8d4e\u91d1\u6700\u591a\u3002\u2465<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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\u5177\u6709\u8bbd\u523a\u610f\u5473\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u50cf\u4f50\u4f2f\u597d\u90ce\u2461\u3001\u5c0f\u8c37\u90e8\u5168\u4e00\u90ce\u2462\u3001\u5ddd\u5b88\u7530\u82f1\u4e8c\u2463\u7b49\u4eb2\u72b9\u4eba\u58eb\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u62e5\u6709\u540c\u4e00\u7956\u5148\u7684\u201c\u65e5\u72b9\u540c\u7956\u8bba\u201d\uff0c\u2464\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u72b9\u592a\u6587\u5316\u540c\u6e90\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u662f\u516c\u5143\u524d\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u72b9\u592a\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5931\u8e2a\u768410\u4e2a\u90e8\u843d\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u88d4\u3002<\/p>\n

1937\u5e7411\u6708\u65e5\u672c\u5360\u9886\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u8fd9\u7ed9\u4e86\u201c\u6cb3\u8c5a\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u7684\u7b56\u5212\u8005\u6781\u5927\u9f13\u821e\u3002\u4e0a\u6d77\u805a\u5c45\u7740\u5927\u7ea64700\u591a\u540d\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff08Sefardi)\uff0c\u2465\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0a\u6d77\u6700\u5bcc\u6709\u548c\u6700\u6709\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5bb6\u65cf\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u54c8\u540c\u5bb6\u65cf(Hardoon Family)\u3001\u6c99\u900a\u5bb6\u65cf(Sassoon Family)\u3001\u4e9a\u4f2f\u62c9\u7f55\u5bb6\u65cf(Abrahams)\u3001\u5609\u9053\u7406\u5bb6\u65cf(Kadoorie Family)\u7b49\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u91d1\u878d\u4ea4\u6613\u6240\u4e3b\u5e2d\u548c99\u5bb6\u4f1a\u5458\u4e2d\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u4ee5\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u5360\u9886\u4e0a\u6d77\u540e\uff0c\u201c\u6cb3\u8c5a\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u54c8\u5c14\u6ee8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u5176\u91cd\u5fc3\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u5173\u4e1c\u519b\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u201c\u6ee1\u6d32\u201d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u5728\u5927\u8fde\u6216\u54c8\u5c14\u6ee8\u4e3e\u884c\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u79fb\u5230\u4e86\u4e0a\u6d77\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u54c8\u540c\uff08\u53f3\u4e00\uff09\u548c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u540d\u821e\u5a18\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u5373\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u6c99\u900a<\/p>\n

\u72ac\u585a\u60df\u91cd\u57281938\u5e747\u6708\u7684\u6f14\u8bf4\u4e2d\u8c08\u53ca\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u529b\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fd8\u63d0\u9192\u53c2\u4f1a\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\uff0c \u63a5\u7eb3\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u6765\u8bf4\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7a0d\u6709\u4e0d\u614e\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u6bc1\u706d\u7684\u5bfc\u706b\u7d22\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u4e24\u9762\u6027\u6bd4\u55bb\u4e3a\u9c9c\u7f8e\u4f46\u542b\u6709\u5267\u6bd2\u7684\u6cb3\u8c5a(Fugu)\u3002\u70f9\u8c03\u7684\u597d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u9971\u53e3\u798f\uff0c\u7a0d\u6709\u95ea\u5931\u5c31\u5c06\u4e27\u547d\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u53c2\u4e0e\u7b56\u5212\u7684\u51e0 \u4e2a\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u4e86\u89e3\u201c\u6cb3\u8c5a\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u7684\u5185\u60c5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u5916\u53ea\u5ba3\u79f0\u613f\u610f\u63a5\u7eb3\u6b27\u6d32\u9003\u96be\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6765\u201c\u6ee1\u6d32\u56fd\u201d\u548c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bbe\u7acb\u5b9a\u5c45\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f70\u663e\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u5173\u6000\u4e4b\u6e29\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n

1938\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u53d1\u751f\u201c\u6c34\u6676\u4e4b\u591c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u201d\u2466\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u88ab\u8feb\u5927\u91cf\u9003\u4ea1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d2\u4e07\u4eba\u6765\u5230\u8fdc\u4e1c\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5230\u8fbe\u4e0a\u6d77\u3002\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u95ee\u9898\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5927\u91cf\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u9009\u62e9\u8fdc\u4e1c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u907f\u96be\u6240\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u611f\u5230\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u95ee\u9898\u51fa\u53f0\u7edf\u4e00\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u2467\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u540c\u5e74\u768412\u6708\uff0c\u8fd1\u536b\u6587\u78e8\u5185\u9601\u53ec\u5f00\u4e94\u76f8\u4f1a\u8bae\uff08\u9996\u76f8\u3001\u8535\u76f8\u3001\u5916\u76f8\u3001\u9646\u76f8\u3001\u6d77\u76f8\uff09\u8ba8\u8bba\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u4e13\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u6cb3\u8c5a\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u662f\u5e94\u9646\u519b\u5927\u81e3\u677f\u57a3\u5f81\u56db\u90ce\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u53ec\u96c6\u7684\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u4e94\u5927\u81e3\u5206\u522b\u662f\u9996\u76f8\u8fd1\u536b\u6587\u78e8\u3001\u5916\u76f8\u6709\u7530\u516b\u90ce\u3001\u901a\u4ea7\u5927\u81e3\u6c60\u7530\u6210\u5f6c\u3001\u9646\u519b\u5927\u81e3\u677f\u57a3\u5f81\u56db\u90ce\u3001\u6d77\u519b\u5927\u81e3\u7c73\u5185\u5149\u653f\u3002\u4e94\u4f4d\u5927\u81e3\u610f\u89c1\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e89\u8bba\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0e\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5408 \u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9a\u5c45\u70b9\u5e94\u8be5\u8bbe\u5728\u54c8\u5c14\u6ee8\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0a\u6d77\uff08\u524d\u8005\u662f\u9646\u519b\u7684\u5730\u76d8\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u662f\u6d77\u519b\u7684\u5730\u76d8\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5fae\u5999\u5173\u7cfb\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5927\u81e3\u4eec\u9762\u4e34\u4e24\u96be\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4e0e\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5fb7\u56fd\u7ed3\u76df\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5e2e\u52a9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u90fd\u4f1a\u5371\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e00\u540c\u76df\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c1938\u5e7411\u6708\u5fb7\u56fd\u7206\u53d1\u201c\u6c34\u6676\u4e4b\u591c\u201d\u4e8b\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7387\u5148\u5bf9\u5fb7\u56fd\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b9e\u529b\u548c\u56e2\u7ed3\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u7ed9\u65e5\u672c\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u6781\u4e3a\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65e5\u672c\u5e0c\u671b\u5f97\u5230\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u597d\u611f\uff0c \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edd\u4f73\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u9003\u79bb\u6b27\u6d32\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u907f\u96be\u7684\u53bb\u5904\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u8ba8\u4ef7\u8fd8\u4ef7\uff0c\u5185\u9601\u6700\u7ec8\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u63a8\u51fa\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u300a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5bf9\u7b56\u8981\u7eb2\u300b\u7684\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5e76\u6279\u51c6\u5b9e\u65bd\u201c\u6cb3\u8c5a\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4ece\u300a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5bf9\u7b56\u7eb2\u8981\u300b\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u653f\u7b56\u4e0d\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5728\u65e5\u7f8e\u5173\u7cfb\u65e5\u76ca\u6076\u5316\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u51fa\u4e8e\u6539\u5584\u65e5\u7f8e\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u8fdb\u5165\u80f6\u7740\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c \u65e5\u672c\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u6765\u5f00\u53d1\u201c\u6ee1\u6d32\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u6700\u7ec8\u4fc3\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u6cb3\u8c5a\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u7684\u51fa\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u56db\u30011940\u5e74\u65e5\u5fb7\u7ed3\u76df\u540e\u7684\u201c\u6cb3\u8c5a\u8ba1\u5212\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

1940\u5e74\uff0c\u4e1c\u6761\u82f1\u673a\u4e0a\u53f0\u62c5\u4efb\u9646\u519b\u5927\u81e3\u540e\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u638c\u63a7\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u653f\u5927\u6743\u3002\u4e1c\u6761\u4e00\u4e0a\u4efb\u4fbf\u514d\u53bb\u4e86\u5b89\u6c5f\u4ed9\u5f18\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u804c\u52a1\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c9\u6708\u65e5\u672c\u6b63\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7b7e\u8ba2\u4e09\u56fd\u519b\u4e8b\u540c\u76df\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8ff9\u8c61\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4eb2 \u72b9\u653f\u7b56\u5df2\u65e0\u6cd5\u987a\u5229\u8fdb\u884c\u30021941\u5e746\u6708\u5fb7\u56fd\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86\u300a\u82cf\u5fb7\u4e92\u4e0d\u4fb5\u72af\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u5bf9\u82cf\u5ba3\u6218\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u65e5\u672c\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u654c\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u4ece\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\u5230\u6566\u8d3a\u7684\u822a\u7ebf\u300212\u6708\u65e5\u672c\u88ad\u51fb\u73cd\u73e0\u6e2f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u593a\u53d6\u4e86\u4e0a\u6d77\u79df\u754c\uff0c\u540e\u53c8\u5360\u9886\u6574\u4e2a\u4e0a\u6d77\u3002\u968f\u7740\u65e5\u672c\u540c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u91d1\u94b1\u5e2e\u52a9\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u901a\u8baf\u5168\u90e8\u505c\u6b62\u3002\u5bcc\u6709\u7684\u585e\u6cd5\u8fea\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u654c\u5bf9\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\u902e\u6355\u3002\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4fbf\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u4ef7 \u503c\u30021942\u5e74\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5916\u76f8\u4e1c\u4e61\u8302\u5fb7\u5ba3\u5e03\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4e0d\u518d\u4eab\u6709\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201c\u6cb3\u8c5a\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u7684\u5f7b\u5e95\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4e1c\u6761\u82f1\u673a\u4e3a\u6218\u6b7b\u58eb\u5175\u62db\u9b42<\/p>\n

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\u968f\u7740\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u822a\u8fd0\u4e1a\u57fa\u672c\u9677\u4e8e\u762b\u75ea\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u8fdb\u51fa\u53e3\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u7ecf\u6d4e\u906d\u53d7\u81f4\u547d\u6253\u51fb\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u516c\u53f8\u7834\u4ea7\u5012\u95ed\uff0c\u5b58\u6d3b\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4e5f\u88ab\u65e5\u672c\u63a5\u6536\u3002\u96ea\u4e0a\u52a0\u971c\u7684\u662f\uff0c1942\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u4eba\u79f0\u201c\u534e\u6c99\u5c60\u592b\u201d\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u76d6\u4e16\u592a\u4fdd\u9996\u9886\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u2022\u6885\u68ee\u683c(Josef Meismger)\u4e0a\u6821\u4ece\u4e1c\u4eac\u6765\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u4e0a\u6d77\u6700\u540e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u201d\uff08\u201c\u6885\u8f9b\u683c\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u65e5\u672c\u5f53\u5c40\u6e05\u9664\u4e0a\u6d77\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u628a\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5e26\u5230\u4e9a\u6d32\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u76db\u884c\u7684\u4f20\u8bf4\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u6b63\u8ba1\u5212\u5c06\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u88c5\u4e0a\u9a73\u8239\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8239\u6c89\u4eba\u516c\u6d77\u6216\u8005\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u9001\u5230\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5c9b\u4e0a\u997f\u6b7b\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u706d\u7edd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u6885\u8f9b\u683c\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5168\u90e8\u5c60\u6740\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u5efa\u7acb\u201c\u9694\u90fd\u201d\u628a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u9694\u79bb\u5728\u8679\u53e3\u4e24\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u72ed\u5c0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6218\u4e89\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n

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