{"id":60604,"date":"2025-11-11T19:28:12","date_gmt":"2025-11-11T11:28:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=60604"},"modified":"2025-11-11T19:28:12","modified_gmt":"2025-11-11T11:28:12","slug":"%e7%ac%ac%e5%9b%9b%e6%ac%a1%e5%93%88%e5%b0%94%e7%a7%91%e5%a4%ab%e4%bc%9a%e6%88%98%ef%bc%9a%e6%9b%bc%e6%96%bd%e5%9d%a6%e5%9b%a0%e7%9a%84%e6%88%98%e4%ba%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=60604","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u54c8\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u4f1a\u6218\uff1a\u66fc\u65bd\u5766\u56e0\u7684\u6218\u4e89"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u672c\u6587\u6458\u81ea:\u300a\u56fd\u9632\u519b\uff1a\u8282\u8282\u8d25\u9000\uff0c1943\u5e74\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u6218\u4e89\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/p7.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20221108\/5c51d699859a4eaa84c57866efc04cbd.jpeg\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66fc\u65bd\u5766\u56e0\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ed6\u634d\u536b\u81ea\u5df1\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u6218\u573a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5173\u4e8e\u5357\u65b9\u6218\u7ebf\u7684\u7b56\u5212\uff1a\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u56e0\u7684\u6218\u4e89<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c1943\u5e74\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5e93\u5c14\u65af\u514b\u548c\u5965\u5ed6\u5c14\u6218\u5f79\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53cc\u65b9\u6253\u6210\u4e86\u5e73\u5c40\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5224\u5b9a\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u5360\u4e86\u4e0a\u98ce\u3002\u800c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u4f59\u4e0b\u65f6\u95f4\u5c06\u4f1a\u8868\u660e\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u5728\u4e1c\u7ebf\u7684\u5904\u5883\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u5f97\u6709\u591a\u4e48\u7edd\u671b\u3002\u57ce\u5821\u884c\u52a8\u5bf9\u5fb7\u519b\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u5b64\u6ce8\u4e00\u63b7,\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u65bd\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u8fdb\u653b\u4f5c\u6218\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e93\u56fe\u4f50\u592b\u884c\u52a8\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u770b\u4f3c\u65e0\u7a77\u65e0\u5c3d\u7684\u653b\u52bf\u7684\u5f00\u7aef\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653b\u52bf\u5c06\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u8fd9\u5e74\u7684\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u57281944\u5e74\u53c8\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u6218\u4e89\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u7814\u7a76\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u4e2d\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u9996\u5e2d\u6743\u5a01\u6234\u7ef4\u00b7\u683c\u5170\u8328\u5728\u5206\u6790\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u57281943\u5e74\u81f3\u5c11\u7b56\u5212\u4e868\u573a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u884c\u52a8\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5e93\u5c14\u65af\u514b\u7a81\u51fa\u90e8\u9632\u5fa1\u4f5c\u6218\uff0c\u52307\u670812\u65e5\u6210\u529f\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9488\u5bf9\u5965\u5ed6\u5c14\u7a81\u51fa\u90e8\u7684\u5e93\u56fe\u4f50\u592b\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u57287\u670813\u65e5\u53d1\u8d77\uff0c\u52308\u670815\u65e5\u6210\u529f\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u8be5\u7a81\u51fa\u90e8\u88ab\u6e05\u9664\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5b88\u519b\u9000\u5b88\u54c8\u6839\u9635\u5730\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9c81\u7f05\u91c7\u592b\u884c\u52a8\uff08Operation Rumiantsev\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u6c83\u7f57\u6d85\u65e5\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u548c\u8349\u539f\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u9488\u5bf9\u522b\u5c14\u54e5\u7f57\u5fb7\u548c\u54c8\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u4e00\u5e26\u7684\u5fb7\u519b\u96c6\u56e2\u53d1\u8d77\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u82cf\u6c83\u6d1b\u592b\u884c\u52a8\uff08Operation Suvorov\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u52a0\u91cc\u5b81\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u5728\u5317\u65b9\u9488\u5bf9\u65af\u6469\u68f1\u65af\u514b\uff08Smolensk\uff09\u548c\u7f57\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u5c14\uff08Roslavl\uff09\u524d\u65b9\u7684\u5fb7\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u7a81\u51fb\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7531\u897f\u5357\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u548c\u5357\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u5728\u987f\u5df4\u65af\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u7a81\u7834\u7c73\u4e4c\u65af\u6cb3\u6cbf\u5cb8\u7684\u5fb7\u519b\u9632\u7ebf\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5207\u5c14\u5c3c\u6208\u592b\uff08Chernigov\uff09\u2014\u6ce2\u5c14\u5854\u74e6\u4f5c\u6218\uff0c\u7531\u4e2d\u592e\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u3001\u6c83\u7f57\u6d85\u65e5\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u548c\u8349\u539f\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9c81\u7f05\u91c7\u592b\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c06\u5fb7\u519b\u51fb\u9000\u81f3\u7b2c\u8042\u4f2f\u6cb3\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5e03\u826f\u65af\u514b\u4f5c\u6218\uff0c\u7531\u5e03\u826f\u65af\u514b\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u9488\u5bf9\u5e03\u826f\u65af\u514b\u7684\u5fb7\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u7a81\u51fb\uff0c\u662f\u5e93\u56fe\u4f50\u592b\u884c\u52a8\u548c\u82cf\u6c83\u6d1b\u592b\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u65b0\u7f57\u897f\u65af\u514b\u2014\u5854\u66fc\u548c\u6885\u5229\u6258\u6ce2\u5c14\uff08Melitopol\uff09\u4f5c\u6218\uff0c\u7531\u5357\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u548c\u5317\u9ad8\u52a0\u7d22\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u53d1\u52a8\u7684\u653b\u52bf\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u4e3a1943\u5e74\u4f59\u4e0b\u65f6\u95f4\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u8ba1\u5212\u8981\u6c42\u5404\u5730\u7684\u519b\u961f\u90fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fdb\u653b\u3002\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u4f4d\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u53c2\u8c0b\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u5357\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u548c\u5317\u9ad8\u52a0\u7d22\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u4e5f\u52a0\u5165\u8fdb\u653b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u4ece\u5927\u5362\u57fa\uff08Velikiye Luki\uff09\u5230\u9ed1\u6d77\u201d\u7684\u6574\u6761\u5357\u65b9\u6218\u7ebf\u7684\u5168\u9762\u8fdb\u653b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u9ad3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u2014\u2014\u5168\u9762\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fde\u7eed\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6218\u5f79\u90fd\u5c06\u662f\u82e6\u6218\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u624b\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u6b64\u65f6\u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u719f\u7ec3\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u536b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6218\u5f79\u5168\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fbe\u6210\u51b2\u8fdb\u654c\u540e\u4e0d\u8bbe\u9632\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5f7b\u5e95\u6218\u7565\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5168\u90fd\u5c06\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4ee4\u4eba\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u6218\u3002\u7136\u800c\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u63a5\u4e8c\u8fde\u4e09\u5730\u53d1\u8d77\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6218\u5f79\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u7ed9\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u89e3\u7684\u96be\u9898\u3002\u5fb7\u519b\u7684\u6307\u6325\u4f53\u7cfb\u53ea\u80fd\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7d27\u6025\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8d85\u51fa\u9650\u5ea6\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u529b\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002\u6570\u91cf\u6709\u9650\u7684\u9884\u5907\u5e08\u6216\u9884\u5907\u65c5\u53ea\u80fd\u5c01\u5835\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7f3a\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u5fc5\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u653b\u52bf\u67af\u7aed\u524d\u8017\u5c3d\u5175\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/p3.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20221108\/f329eda8284f47fe8fe853fa1f07532e.jpeg\" width=\"640\" height=\"403\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5821\u5792\u201d\u884c\u52a8\u4e0e\u201c\u9c81\u7f05\u91c7\u592b\u201d\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u4e0e\u5fb7\u519b\u76f8\u7ee7\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u9632\u5b88\u53cd\u51fb\u6218\u672f<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u6279\u8bc4\u8fd9\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5b89\u6392\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6218\u5f79\u662f\u4f9d\u6b21\u53d1\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u7ed9\u4e86\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u56e0\u8fd9\u6837\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u5fb7\u519b\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u95ea\u8f6c\u817e\u632a\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u673a\u52a8\u5e94\u5bf9\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5c06\u9884\u5907\u961f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u79fb\u6765\u79fb\u53bb\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u65f6\u673a\u4ee5\u51f6\u731b\u7684\u53cd\u51fb\u6253\u51fb\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u524d\u950b\u3002\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u6700\u9ad8\u7edf\u5e05\u90e8\u5185\u90e8\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u6709\u4e89\u8bba\uff0c\u6731\u53ef\u592b\u5143\u5e05\u4e3b\u5f20\u51cf\u5c11\u8fdb\u653b\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u66f4\u591a\u5175\u529b\u653b\u51fb\u6bd4\u8f83\u5173\u952e\u7684\u5730\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c42\u5305\u56f4\u5e76\u6b7c\u706d\u5fb7\u56fd\u5b88\u519b\u3002\u65af\u5927\u6797\u5219\u4e3b\u5f20\u201c\u5728\u5bbd\u5e7f\u6218\u7ebf\u4e0a\u5b9e\u65bd\u6570\u91cf\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u6b63\u9762\u6253\u51fb\u201d\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u5360\u4e86\u4e0a\u98ce\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3\u6709\u7d20\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u519b\u4eba\u6731\u53ef\u592b\u5e0c\u671b\u6309\u7167\u519b\u4e8b\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u624b\u518c\u6253\u5927\u7eb5\u6df1\u6218\u5f79\uff0c\u800c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u65af\u5927\u6797\u5219\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u5df1\u65b9\u5df2\u7ecf\u638c\u63e1\u4f5c\u6218\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5192\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u8f83\u4e3a\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u8feb\u4f7f\u654c\u4eba\u5206\u6563\u5176\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u6bb5\u4e4b\u95f4\u75b2\u4e8e\u5954\u547d\uff0c\u8bbe\u6cd5\u5b64\u7acb\u4e00\u6bb5\u6218\u7ebf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5e03\u6ee1\u88ab\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u7f3a\u53e3\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fde\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5bbd\u6b63\u9762\u8fdb\u653b\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u597d\u5904\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fdb\u653b\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u957f\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5468\u5230\u7ec6\u81f4\u5730\u50a8\u5907\u7269\u8d44\u548c\u5f39\u836f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u5728\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5b98\u50da\u5316\u548c\u96c6\u4e2d\u5316\u7684\u5a01\u6743\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\u53d1\u751f\u5dee\u9519\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff08\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f9d\u9760\u4e0b\u7ea7\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u7cbe\u795e\u6765\u5f25\u8865\u8ba1\u5212\u8fc7\u4e8e\u6b7b\u677f\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u5f97\u51fa\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u65af\u5927\u6797\u575a\u6301\u4fdd\u5b88\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u5fb7\u519b\u7684\u6218\u7565\u5219\u6bd4\u8f83\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u56e0\u9664\u4e86\u5e94\u4ed8\u63a5\u4e8c\u8fde\u4e09\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u5a01\u80c1\u4e4b\u5916\u5e76\u65e0\u591a\u5c11\u5efa\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\u5357\u65b9\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u7fa4\u5728\u524d\u7ebf\u4ece\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\u4f9d\u6b21\u90e8\u7f72\u4e86\u56db\u4e2a\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff1a\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u5e93\u5c14\u65af\u514b\u4ee5\u5357\u7684\u522b\u5c14\u54e5\u7f57\u5fb7\u548c\u54c8\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u4e00\u5e26\u7684\u7b2c4\u88c5\u7532\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff08\u7531\u8d6b\u5c14\u66fc\u00b7\u970d\u7279\u5c06\u519b\u7387\u9886\uff09\u4e0e\u80af\u666e\u592b\u6682\u7f16\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c4\u88c5\u7532\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u5927\u81f4\u9762\u671d\u5317\u65b9\uff0c\u80af\u666e\u592b\u6682\u7f16\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u5927\u81f4\u9762\u671d\u4e1c\u65b9\uff1b\u5728\u4f0a\u4e45\u59c6\u4e00\u5e26\u9632\u5b88\u987f\u6d85\u8328\u6cb3\u4e2d\u6e38\u7684\u7b2c1\u88c5\u7532\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff08\u7531\u57c3\u4f2f\u54c8\u5fb7\u00b7\u51af\u00b7\u9a6c\u80af\u68ee\u5c06\u519b\u7387\u9886\uff09\uff0c\u5927\u81f4\u9762\u671d\u5317\u65b9\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u91cd\u5efa\u7684\u7b2c6\u96c6\u56e2\u519b[\u539f\u970d\u5229\u7279\u6682\u7f16\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff0c\u7531\u5361\u5c14-\u963f\u9053\u592b\u00b7\u970d\u5229\u7279\u5c06\u519b\uff08General Karl-Adolf Hollidt\uff09\u6307\u6325]\uff0c\u5b83\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u4f5c\u6218\u9633\u53f0\u201d\u5730\u5e26\uff0c\u636e\u5b88\u7c73\u4e4c\u65af\u6cb3\u9632\u7ebf\uff0c\u9762\u5411\u6b63\u4e1c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u6b64\u65f6\u90fd\u5175\u529b\u7a7a\u865a\u2014\u2014\u7b2c4\u88c5\u7532\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u548c\u80af\u666e\u592b\u6682\u7f16\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u5e93\u5c14\u65af\u514b\u7684\u8840\u6218\uff0c\u7b2c1\u88c5\u7532\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u548c\u7b2c6\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d21\u732e\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u88c5\u7532\u90e8\u961f\u4f7f\u5e93\u5c14\u65af\u514b\u653b\u52bf\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4ece\u7eb8\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u5fb7\u519b\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u9053\u50cf\u6a21\u50cf\u6837\u7684\u9632\u7ebf\uff1a\u56db\u4e2a\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u4e00\u5b57\u6392\u5f00\uff0c\u6b65\u5175\u5e08\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u524d\u6cbf\uff0c\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\u5728\u540e\u65b9\u62c5\u4efb\u9884\u5907\u961f\u5e94\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5374\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u756a\u5149\u666f\uff1a\u540e\u52e4\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5404\u652f\u90e8\u961f\u90fd\u7f3a\u4eba\uff08\u6b65\u5175\u5c24\u5176\u77ed\u7f3a\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u636e\u5b88\u5317\u8d77\u522b\u5c14\u54e5\u7f57\u5fb7\u3001\u5357\u81f3\u5854\u7518\u7f57\u683c\u5e76\u4e14\u5448\u9636\u68af\u72b6\u5411\u4e1c\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u524d\u7ebf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u6761\u6218\u7ebf\u8fdc\u8fdc\u957f\u4e8e\u5b83\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u5730\u70b9\u906d\u5230\u7a81\u7834\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u6709\u7740\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u5229\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u56e0\u8fd8\u662f\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4f5c\u6218\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u4ed6\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u519b\u5b98\u56e2\u4f7f\u4ed6\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u5bfb\u627e\u6218\u673a\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u6bd4\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u66f4\u80fd\u4f53\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u56e0\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u957f\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\uff08\u7bc7\u5e45\u5927\u5927\u8d85\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u7ae0\u8282\uff09\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u8fd9\u573a\u5728\u4e1c\u7ebf\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u6218\uff08Abwehrkampf\uff09\uff0c\u9887\u6709\u5199\u4f5c\u624d\u80fd\u7684\u4ed6\u660e\u6670\u5730\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u8981\u514b\u670d\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u6b64\u65f6\u4eab\u6709\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4f18\u52bf\u7edd\u975e\u6613\u4e8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u57281943\u5e747\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u6211\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u7fa4\u768429\u4e2a\u6b65\u5175\u5e08\u548c13\u4e2a\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\u8981\u9762\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u7684109\u4e2a\u6b65\u5175\u5e08\u30019\u4e2a\u6b65\u5175\u65c5\u300110\u4e2a\u5766\u514b\u519b\u30017\u4e2a\u673a\u68b0\u5316\u519b\u548c7\u4e2a\u9a91\u5175\u519b\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u7b97\u4e0a20\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u5766\u514b\u65c5\u300116\u4e2a\u5766\u514b\u56e2\u548c8\u4e2a\u53cd\u5766\u514b\u65c5\u3002\u5230\u4e869\u67087\u65e5\uff0c\u6211\u519b\u9762\u524d\u53c8\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8655\u4e2a\u6b65\u5175\u5e08\u30012\u4e2a\u5766\u514b\u519b\u30012\u4e2a\u673a\u68b0\u5316\u519b\u30018\u4e2a\u5766\u514b\u65c5\u548c12\u4e2a\u5766\u514b\u56e2\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4ece\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u7fa4\u548c\u5317\u65b9\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u7fa4\u7684\u5730\u6bb5\u8c03\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5408\u8ba1\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u5bf9\u6211\u519b\u62e5\u6709\u5927\u7ea67\u6bd41\u7684\u5175\u529b\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/p8.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20221108\/c7c6a6f6adb64ab0811eb20b9c68ae41.jpeg\" width=\"640\" height=\"435\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u82cf\u519b\u4e3a\u5373\u5c06\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u5927\u7eb5\u6df1\u653b\u52bf\u96c6\u7ed3\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5766\u514b\u90e8\u961f<\/p>\n<p>\u5766\u514b\u4ea7\u91cf\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u4ee4\u4eba\u6cae\u4e27\u3002\u66fc\u65bd\u5766\u56e0\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u867d\u7136\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u5403\u60ca\u7684\u519b\u5de5\u4ea7\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u6bcf\u6708\u53ea\u80fd\u4ea7\u51fa500\u8f86\u5766\u514b\u3002\u201d\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u4e09\u500d\u4e43\u81f3\u56db\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/p3.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20221108\/a15c068396ee4404987621dce4a5592c.jpeg\" width=\"640\" height=\"493\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5766\u514b\u4ea7\u80fd\u4e0d\u8db3\u4f7f\u5f97\u5fb7\u519b\u8bbe\u6cd5\u6539\u9020\u4e86\u5927\u6279\u81ea\u884c\u53cd\u5766\u514b\u70ae\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u91c7\u7528\u56fa\u5b9a\u5f0f\u70ae\u5854\u7684\u5766\u514b\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n<p>\u81f3\u4e8e\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u56e0\u6307\u51fa\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u82e6\u6218\u4f7f\u5b83\u5143\u6c14\u5927\u4f24\uff0c\u65e2\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u4eba\u529b\u6d88\u8017\uff0c\u4e5f\u7ed9\u8fd9\u652f\u519b\u961f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u2014\u2014\u201c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u524d\u7ebf\u6218\u58eb\u548c\u519b\u5b98\u201d\u2014\u2014\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\u3002\u66fc\u65bd\u5766\u56e0\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u4ece\u57ce\u5821\u884c\u52a8\u5f00\u59cb\u52308\u6708\u5e95\uff0c\u5fb7\u519b\u7684\u52c7\u731b\u4f5c\u98ce\u548c\u519b\u5b98\u9760\u524d\u6307\u6325\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u4f7f\u5357\u65b9\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u7fa4\u6210\u4e86\u519b\u5b98\u56e2\u7684\u575f\u5893\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u76f8\u5bf9\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u67097\u4e2a\u5e08\u957f\u5728\u6218\u6597\u4e2d\u8eab\u4ea1\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u540c\u6218\u6b7b\u7684\u8fd8\u670938\u4e2a\u56e2\u957f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u81f3\u4eca\u770b\u6765\u4ecd\u7136\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u4ee5\u7f6e\u4fe1\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u2014\u2014252\u4e2a\u8425\u957f\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u51b2\u5411\u54c8\u5c14\u79d1\u592b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e89\u593a\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u6218\u6597\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u56e0\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ec8\u4e8e\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4ed6\u4e00\u76f4\u58f0\u79f0\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u6218\u573a\u4e0a\u8fce\u6218\u201c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u201d\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u8fdb\u653b\u65b9\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u6beb\u65e0\u63a9\u62a4\u7684\u7a7a\u65f7\u5730\u5e26\uff0c\u6b63\u9002\u5408\u4ed6\u8fd0\u7528\u4ed6\u90a3\u8457\u540d\u7684\u53cd\u51fb\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u56e0\u62e5\u6709\u65e0\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u4f5c\u6218\u6280\u5de7\uff0c1943\u5e74\u79cb\u5b63\u5374\u4f9d\u7136\u5c06\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u5357\u65b9\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u7fa4\u7684\u53c8\u4e00\u4e2a\u707e\u96be\u5b63\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6218\u6597\u662f\u5728\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u5357\u65b9\u6253\u54cd\u7684\u30027\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u5f53\u5e93\u5c14\u65af\u514b\u7684\u6218\u6597\u521a\u521a\u5e73\u606f\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u5c31\u5bf9\u7c73\u4e4c\u65af\u6cb3\u6cbf\u5cb8\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u7b2c6\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u8fdb\u653b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u573a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u653b\u52bf\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4f5c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ea4\u6218\u5b63\u8282\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u573a\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u5374\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u57cb\u6ca1\u4e86\u3002\u53d1\u8d77\u8fdb\u653b\u7684\u662f\u6258\u5c14\u5e03\u6b23\u5c06\u519b\uff08General F. I. Tolbukhin\uff09\u6307\u6325\u7684\u5357\u65b9\u9762\u519b\uff0c\u4ece\u53f3\u5230\u5de6\u4f9d\u6b21\u662f\u7b2c51\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u3001\u7b2c5\u7a81\u51fb\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u3001\u7b2c28\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u548c\u7b2c44\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e94\u652f\u90e8\u961f\uff08\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c2\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff09\u5219\u7528\u6765\u7ec4\u6210\u7b2c\u4e8c\u68af\u961f\u3002\u4e2d\u8def\u7684\u7b2c5\u7a81\u51fb\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u548c\u7b2c28\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u5bbd\u5ea6\u53ea\u670919\u5343\u7c73\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u72ed\u7a84\u6b63\u9762\u4e0a\u8fdb\u653b\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u5b83\u4eec\u7838\u5f00\u4e86\u5fb7\u519b\u524d\u6cbf\u9635\u5730\uff0c\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c2\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u5c31\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7f3a\u53e3\u6df1\u5165\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5fb7\u56fd\u7b2c6\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u5728\u4eba\u6570\u4e0a\u5904\u4e8e\u4e25\u91cd\u52a3\u52bf\uff0c\u4f46\u9694\u6cb3\u5e03\u9635\u7684\u5b83\u62e5\u6709\u5730\u5229\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u58eb\u5175\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u82b1\u4e86\u4e94\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u52a0\u56fa\u9635\u5730\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u7b2c6\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u5728\u524d\u7ebf\u90e8\u7f72\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u519b\uff0c\u4ece\u53f3\u5230\u5de6\u4f9d\u6b21\u662f\u7b2c29\u519b\u3001\u7b2c17\u519b\u548c\u7c73\u7279\u519b[\u8fd9\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u652f\u652f\u63f4\u529b\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u6682\u7f16\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u5f97\u540d\u4e8e\u5176\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u00b7\u7c73\u7279\u5c06\u519b\uff08General Friedrich Mieth\uff09]\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u52a8\u5e08\uff08\u7b2c16\u88c5\u7532\u63b7\u5f39\u5175\u5e08\uff09\u5728\u524d\u7ebf\u540e\u65b9\u62c5\u4efb\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u9884\u5907\u961f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6218\u5c40\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u9075\u5faa\u7740\u6b64\u65f6\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u5f00\u59cb\u719f\u6089\u7684\u5957\u8def\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u6700\u521d\u7684\u8fdb\u653b\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u653b\u51fb\u5730\u6bb5\u6495\u5f00\u4e86\u5fb7\u519b\u9632\u7ebf\uff0c\u5728\u9632\u7ebf\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u53e4\u6bd4\u96ea\u592b\uff08Kuibyshev\uff09\u5317\u90ca\u6e21\u8fc7\u4e86\u7c73\u4e4c\u65af\u6cb3\u3002\u5fb7\u519b\u8f6c\u5230\u9884\u8bbe\u9635\u5730\u4e0a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6218\u6597\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5de7\u5999\u5229\u7528\u5730\u5f62\u987d\u5f3a\u62b5\u6297\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u5c0f\u578b\u7684\u6469\u6258\u5316\u6218\u6597\u7fa4\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u52a8\u53cd\u51fb\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fdb\u653b\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u672a\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u6218\u5f79\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6258\u5c14\u5e03\u6b23\u8fd8\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u6295\u5165\u4ed6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u68af\u961f\u2014\u2014\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c2\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b83\u6e21\u8fc7\u7c73\u4e4c\u65af\u6cb3\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u6b64\u65f6\u5bbd\u7ea619\u5343\u7c73\u3001\u7eb5\u6df116\u5343\u7c73\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u6ee1\u4e3a\u60a3\u7684\u6865\u5934\u5821\uff08\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51b3\u5b9a\u6709\u70b9\u8f7b\u7387\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5fb7\u519b\u8fc5\u901f\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u56e0\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u653e\u4efb\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5927\u6cb3\u5360\u9886\u4efb\u4f55\u9635\u5730\u7684\u5371\u9669\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u5de9\u56fa\u8be5\u9635\u5730\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u96c6\u7ed3\u5175\u529b\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4ece\u6865\u5934\u5821\u6740\u51fa\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e3a\u7b56\u5e94\u6218\u7ebf\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u6bb5\u7684\u653b\u52bf\u800c\u5b9e\u65bd\u7275\u5236\u4f5c\u6218\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e3b\u653b\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u589e\u63f4\u7684\u88c5\u7532\u90e8\u961f\u5f88\u5feb\u4ece\u5357\u65b9\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u7fa4\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u9632\u533a\u8d76\u6765\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u515a\u536b\u519b\u7b2c2\u88c5\u7532\u519b\uff08\u4ece\u987f\u6d85\u8328\u6cb3\u6cbf\u5cb8\u7684\u7b2c1\u88c5\u7532\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u62bd\u8c03\uff09\u548c\u7b2c24\u88c5\u7532\u519b\uff08\u5357\u65b9\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u7fa4\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u652f\u673a\u52a8\u9884\u5907\u961f\uff09\u3002\u7b2c6\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u970d\u5229\u7279\u5c06\u519b\u6700\u7ec8\u5c01\u5835\u4e86\u7a81\u7834\u53e3\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u57287\u6708\u5e95\u5c06\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u51fb\u9000\u3002\u6709\u62a5\u544a\u79f0\u6258\u5c14\u5e03\u6b23\u5f88\u6c14\u9981\uff0c\u4ed6\u611f\u89c9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u653b\u52bf\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6258\u5c14\u5e03\u6b23\u5c06\u5fb7\u519b\u88c5\u7532\u90e8\u961f\u5438\u5f15\u5230\u4e86\u7c73\u4e4c\u65af\u6cb3\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5730\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u4ed6\u5e94\u8be5\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4e8b\u540e\u56de\u60f3\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5c31\u8fde\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u56e0\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u628a\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u88c5\u7532\u90e8\u961f\u8c03\u5230\u7c73\u4e4c\u65af\u6cb3\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u201c\u707e\u96be\u6027\u7684\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b88\u4f4f\u4e86\u5e93\u5c14\u65af\u514b\uff0c\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u5965\u5ed6\u5c14\u7a81\u51fa\u90e8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c06\u5fb7\u519b\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6218\u5f79\u9884\u5907\u961f\u5438\u5f15\u5230\u4e86\u7c73\u4e4c\u65af\u6cb3\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u6700\u8f89\u714c\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u505a\u597d\u4e86\u94fa\u57ab\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u653b\u52bf\uff08\u9c81\u7f05\u91c7\u592b\u884c\u52a8\uff09\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6b7c\u706d\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u5e93\u5c14\u65af\u514b\u7a81\u51fa\u90e8\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u5fb7\u519b\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u5373\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u7b2c4\u88c5\u7532\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u548c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u80af\u666e\u592b\u6682\u7f16\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u3002\u5fb7\u519b\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u66b4\u9732\u7684\u7a81\u51fa\u90e8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u539f\u672c\u5411\u5317\u5ef6\u4f38\u7684\u6218\u7ebf\u5411\u897f\u8f6c\u4e86\u8fd190\u5ea6\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6001\u52bf\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u5229\u7528\u3002\u8fdb\u653b\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u662f\u9762\u671d\u5357\u65b9\u7684\u6c83\u7f57\u6d85\u65e5\u65b9\u9762\u519b\uff08\u7531\u74e6\u56fe\u4eac\u5c06\u519b\u7387\u9886\uff09\u548c\u9762\u671d\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u8349\u539f\u65b9\u9762\u519b\uff08\u7531\u79d1\u6d85\u592b\u5c06\u519b\u7387\u9886\uff09\uff0c\u5171\u6709\u4e94\u4e2a\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u53c2\u4e0e\u6700\u521d\u7684\u6253\u51fb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e94\u4e2a\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u4ece\u53f3\u5230\u5de6\u4f9d\u6b21\u662f\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c6\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u3001\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c5\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff08\u6c83\u7f57\u6d85\u65e5\u65b9\u9762\u519b\uff09\u3001\u7b2c53\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u3001\u7b2c69\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u548c\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c7\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff08\u8349\u539f\u65b9\u9762\u519b\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u74e6\u56fe\u4eac\u4ece\u5317\u65b9\u53d1\u52a8\u7684\u6700\u521d\u6253\u51fb\u8fd8\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u7531\u88c5\u7532\u90e8\u961f\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u68af\u961f\u7684\u652f\u63f4[\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c1\u5766\u514b\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff08\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c6\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u540e\u65b9\uff09\u548c\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c5\u5766\u514b\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff08\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c5\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u540e\u65b9\uff09]\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u7a81\u51fb\u96c6\u7fa4\u7a81\u7834\u5fb7\u519b\u9632\u5fa1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5766\u514b\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u5c31\u4f1a\u7a7f\u8fc7\u7a81\u7834\u53e3\u51b2\u5411\u535a\u6208\u675c\u970d\u592b\uff08Bogodukhov\uff0c\u8fd9\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\u63a7\u5236\u7740\u4ece\u897f\u65b9\u548c\u897f\u5317\u65b9\u63a5\u8fd1\u54c8\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u57ce\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u914d\u5408\u6765\u81ea\u4e1c\u65b9\u7684\u79d1\u6d85\u592b\u7684\u90e8\u961f\u5305\u56f4\u54c8\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u74e6\u56fe\u4eac\u7684\u7a81\u51fb\u96c6\u7fa4\u53f3\u4fa7\uff08\u4ece\u53f3\u5230\u5de6\u4f9d\u6b21\u662f\u7b2c38\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u3001\u7b2c40\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u548c\u7b2c27\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff09\uff0c\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5728\u8fdb\u653b\u5f97\u624b\u65f6\u6269\u5927\u6218\u679c\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u4e5f\u968f\u65f6\u51c6\u5907\u52a0\u5165\u6218\u6597\u2014\u2014\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9a6c\u5229\u8bfa\u592b\u65af\u57fa\u5c06\u519b\uff08General R. I. Malinovsky\uff09\u6307\u6325\u7684\u897f\u5357\u65b9\u9762\u519b\u7684\u7b2c57\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff0c\u5b83\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u54c8\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u7684\u6b63\u4e1c\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u822a\u7a7a\u5175\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff08\u7b2c2\u548c\u7b2c5\u822a\u7a7a\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff09\u53ef\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a7a\u4e2d\u652f\u63f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/p4.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20221108\/626581e752924c45a2a6180261f7999a.jpeg\" width=\"640\" height=\"315\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u82cf\u519b\u51ed\u501f\u5175\u529b\u706b\u529b\u4f18\u52bf\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u53cd\u51fb\u884c\u52a8<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd9\u6b21\u8fdb\u653b\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u603b\u8ba1\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e5d\u4e2a\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u3001\u4e24\u4e2a\u5766\u514b\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u548c\u4e24\u4e2a\u822a\u7a7a\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u522b\u5c14\u54e5\u7f57\u5fb7\u7a81\u51fa\u90e8\u6446\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u534a\u5706\u5f62\u7684\u9635\u52bf\u2014\u2014\u603b\u4eba\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7100\u4e07\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u6b21\u8fdb\u653b\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u7406\u5ff5\u5374\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u7528\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u573a\u6218\u5f79\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5386\u53f2\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u8bdd\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4e00\u6b21\u201c\u7ecf\u5178\u6731\u53ef\u592b\u201d\u4f5c\u6218\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u9c81\u7f05\u91c7\u592b\u884c\u52a8\u8981\u60f3\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5927\u70ae\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u5728\u7b56\u5212\u9636\u6bb5\u5c31\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u96be\u9898\u3002\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fdb\u653b\u7684\u90e8\u961f\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u6309\u7167\u9635\u5730\u9632\u5fa1\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6b64\u65f6\u5374\u8981\u5728\u8fc7\u6e21\u6216\u51c6\u5907\u65f6\u95f4\u6781\u5c11\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5feb\u901f\u8f6c\u5165\u8fdb\u653b\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7b56\u5212\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u53e3\u5934\u8ba8\u8bba\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u9c81\u7f05\u91c7\u592b\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u4e66\u9762\u547d\u4ee4\u76f4\u5230\u4f5c\u6218\u5f00\u59cb\u4e24\u5929\u540e\u624d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u90e8\u961f\u5728\u5e93\u5c14\u65af\u514b\u4f5c\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u8499\u53d7\u4e86\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u5c24\u4ee5\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c5\u5766\u514b\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u4e3a\u6700\u3002\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u90e8\u961f\u90fd\u7f3a\u7f16\u4e14\u975e\u5e38\u75b2\u60eb\uff0c\u8865\u5145\u5175\u5458\u624d\u521a\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u8fbe\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56f0\u96be\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u514b\u670d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u539f\u5b9a\u4e8e7\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u8fdb\u653b\u76f4\u52308\u67083\u65e5\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9762\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u7684\u91cd\u5175\uff0c\u970d\u7279\u3001\u80af\u666e\u592b\u548c\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u56e0\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u529e\u6cd5\u62ff\u51fa\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u79f0\u7684\u5b9e\u529b\u3002\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u5b88\u519b\u5c31\u662f\u521a\u521a\u5728\u5e93\u5c14\u65af\u514b\u653b\u52bf\u4e2d\u627f\u62c5\u5357\u8def\u7a81\u51fb\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u3002\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u7b2c4\u88c5\u7532\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u548c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u80af\u666e\u592b\u6682\u7f16\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u6b64\u523b\u7684\u5b9e\u529b\u90fd\u5df2\u5927\u4e0d\u5982\u524d\u3002\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u653e\u5f03\u81ea\u5df1\u5411\u666e\u7f57\u970d\u7f57\u592b\u5361\u8fdb\u519b\u9014\u4e2d\u5360\u9886\u7684\u5c0f\u7247\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5e76\u7f13\u6162\u9000\u5411\u539f\u5148\u7684\u51fa\u53d1\u9635\u5730\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u597d\u591a\u5c11\u81ea\u536b\u7684\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5360\u9886\u4efb\u4f55\u9884\u8bbe\u9635\u5730\uff0c\u5143\u6c14\u5927\u4f24\uff0c\u540e\u52e4\u4e5f\u5904\u4e8e\u5d29\u6e83\u8fb9\u7f18\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8865\u5145\u5175\u5458\uff0c\u6b65\u5175\u7684\u7f3a\u989d\u5c24\u5176\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u9047\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u7b80\u5355\u591a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9c81\u7f05\u91c7\u592b\u884c\u52a8\u6700\u521d\u7684\u8fdb\u653b\u51e0\u4e4e\u5904\u5904\u5f97\u624b\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e3a\u5947\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u70ae\u706b\u51c6\u5907\u540e\uff0c\u5730\u9762\u8fdb\u653b\u5728\u4e0a\u53487:55\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u4e0a\u534810:00\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u7684\u7a81\u51fb\u96c6\u7fa4\u5df2\u7ecf\u653b\u5360\u4e86\u5fb7\u519b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u4e0b\u534813:00\uff0c\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c1\u5766\u514b\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u548c\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c5\u5766\u514b\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u68af\u961f\uff09\u7684\u5148\u5934\u90e8\u961f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u7a81\u7834\u53e3\u3002\u6731\u53ef\u592b\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u90e8\u961f\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e86\u72ed\u7a84\u7684\u6b63\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c1\u5766\u514b\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u6b63\u9762\u53ea\u67093\u5343\u7c73\u5bbd\uff0c\u800c\u8fd1\u536b\u7b2c5\u5766\u514b\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u6b63\u9762\u4e5f\u53ea\u67095\u5343\u7c73\u5bbd\u3002\u4f4d\u4e8e\u524d\u7ebf\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u522b\u5c14\u54e5\u7f57\u5fb7\u5728\u8fdb\u653b\u53d1\u8d77\u540e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u5929\uff088\u67085\u65e5\uff09\u88ab\u653b\u514b\u2014\u2014\u987a\u4fbf\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u6536\u590d\u5965\u5ed6\u5c14\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5929\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6b21\u8fdb\u653b\u8ba9\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u56e0\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5e55\u50da\u90fd\u9707\u60ca\u4e0d\u5df2\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u4e2d\u4e86\u5708\u5957\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5306\u5fd9\u4e0b\u4ee4\u4ece\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u5357\u65b9\u53ec\u56de\u90a3\u4e9b\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\uff1a\u515a\u536b\u519b\u7684\u201c\u9ad1\u9ac5\u201d\u5e08\u548c\u201c\u5e1d\u56fd\u201d\u88c5\u7532\u63b7\u5f39\u5175\u5e08\u8fde\u540c\u7b2c3\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\u4e00\u8d77\u589e\u63f4\u970d\u7279\uff0c\u515a\u536b\u519b\u7b2c5\u88c5\u7532\u63b7\u5f39\u5175\u5e08\u201c\u7ef4\u4eac\u201d\u5219\u9a70\u63f4\u80af\u666e\u592b\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u8fc5\u901f\u62b5\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8981\u633d\u56de\u5df2\u7ecf\u917f\u6210\u7684\u6218\u5f79\u707e\u96be\u4e3a\u65f6\u5df2\u665a\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6218\u679c\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4e2d\u8def\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7b2c4\u88c5\u7532\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u4e0e\u80af\u666e\u592b\u6682\u7f16\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u4ea4\u754c\u5904\u3002\u968f\u7740\u7b2c\u4e8c\u68af\u961f\u7684\u5766\u514b\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u5f00\u59cb\u6025\u901f\u5357\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5fb7\u56fd\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u88ab\u5206\u5272\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7b2c4\u88c5\u7532\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u9010\u6e10\u9000\u5411\u897f\u5357\uff0c\u800c\u80af\u666e\u592b\u6682\u7f16\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u9000\u5411\u4e1c\u5357\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7f3a\u53e3\u6bcf\u65f6\u6bcf\u523b\u90fd\u5728\u6269\u5927\u3002\u5230\u4e868\u67087\u65e5\u5165\u591c\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u653b\u53d1\u8d77\u4e94\u5929\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7f3a\u53e3\u5df2\u7ecf\u6269\u5927\u4e3a48\u5343\u7c73\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u5766\u514b\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u6765\u8bf4\u8fd9\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5bbd\u5927\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u4fa7\u7ffc\u66b4\u9732\uff0c\u800c\u6954\u5165\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u673a\u52a8\u80fd\u529b\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u654c\u519b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u6b22\u547c\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u773c\u770b\u4e00\u573a\u707e\u96be\u5c31\u8981\u964d\u4e34\u3002\u4f46\u5c31\u5728\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u5fb7\u519b\u51e0\u4e2a\u88c5\u7532\u5e08\u7684\u5148\u5934\u90e8\u961f\u5f00\u59cb\u62b5\u8fbe\u6218\u573a\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u5728\u535a\u6208\u675c\u970d\u592b\u548c\u963f\u8d6b\u7279\u5c14\u5361\uff08Akhtyrka\uff09\u4e00\u5e26\u7206\u53d1\u4e86\u89c4\u6a21\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u88c5\u7532\u5bf9\u51b3\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a\u6076\u6218\u4f7f\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u7684\u653b\u52bf\u6682\u65f6\u88ab\u904f\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u635f\u5931\u60e8\u91cd\u3002\u5230\u4e868\u6708\u5e95\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u5f97\u4ee5\u4e0e\u654c\u4eba\u8131\u79bb\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e00\u6761\u6781\u4e3a\u8584\u5f31\u7684\u9632\u7ebf\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u9003\u8131\u975e\u5e38\u60ca\u9669\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u7814\u7a76\u6b64\u6218\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u5fb7\u519b\u7684\u5e78\u514d\u4e8e\u96be\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u80dc\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/p3.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20221108\/ca3d4b8fb810416aae269ebdee6e44fe.jpeg\" width=\"640\" height=\"390\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5fb7\u519b\u7684\u88c5\u7532\u53cd\u51fb\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u62b5\u6321\u82cf\u519b\u94fa\u5929\u76d6\u5730\u7684\u653b\u52bf<\/p>\n<p>\u57288\u670822\u65e5\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u2014\u2014\u54c8\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u3002\u8fd9\u9884\u793a\u7740\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u6b64\u65f6\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a\u89e3\u9664\u4e00\u4f4d\u5c06\u519b\u7684\u804c\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u662f\u80af\u666e\u592b\u5c06\u519b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d1f\u8d23\u57ce\u9632\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u6682\u7f16\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u80af\u666e\u592b\u5728\u9632\u5b88\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u72af\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u7279\u522b\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u64a4\u79bb\u54c8\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4e5f\u662f\u907f\u514d\u88ab\u5305\u56f4\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u4e4b\u4e3e\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u80af\u666e\u592b\u7684\u88ab\u89e3\u804c\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u4eea\u5f0f\u6027\u7684\u732e\u796d\u3002\u7ee7\u4efb\u8005\u662f\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u56e0\u7684\u524d\u53c2\u8c0b\u957f\u5965\u6258\u00b7\u97e6\u52d2\u5c06\u519b\uff08General Otto W\u00f6hler\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u968f\u7740\u80af\u666e\u592b\u53bb\u804c\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u7684\u80af\u666e\u592b\u6682\u7f16\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u756a\u53f7\u2014\u2014\u7b2c8\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u653b\u514b\u54c8\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u8fd8\u6709\u7740\u66f4\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u30021941\u5e74\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u4ece\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u624b\u4e2d\u593a\u8d70\u4e86\u8fd9\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c1942\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u66fe\u4f01\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u65e9\u7b56\u5212\u7684\u53cd\u653b\u6218\u5f79\u4e4b\u4e00\u6536\u590d\u5b83\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u4ee5\u5931\u8d25\u800c\u544a\u7ec8\u3002\u5728\u59cb\u4e8e\u65af\u5927\u6797\u683c\u52d2\u7684\u51ac\u5b63\u5927\u53cd\u653b\u4e2d\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u4e8e1943\u5e74\u5e74\u521d\u5c06\u5b83\u593a\u56de\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u57281943\u5e743\u6708\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u56e0\u7684\u53cd\u51fb\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5b83\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u7ec8\u4e8e\u53c8\u593a\u56de\u4e86\u5b83\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\u662f\u6c38\u4e45\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4eca\u5728\u519b\u4e8b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5708\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u514b\u52b3\u585e\u7ef4\u8328\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u7406\u8bba\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u8fdb\u653b\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6c38\u8fdc\u6301\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u8fdb\u653b\u65b9\u7684\u5b9e\u529b\u4f1a\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u523b\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u8fdb\u653b\u65b9\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u8865\u7ed9\u7ebf\u62c9\u957f\u3001\u635f\u5931\u4e25\u91cd\u548c\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u75b2\u60eb\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u9632\u5b88\u65b9\u5c06\u638c\u63e1\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u6cbf\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8865\u7ed9\u7ebf\u540e\u9000\uff0c\u8865\u5145\u5175\u5458\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5230\u8fbe\u524d\u7ebf\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u529b\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u90e8\u961f\u3002\u7528\u514b\u52b3\u585e\u7ef4\u8328\u7684\u540d\u8a00\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u590d\u4ec7\u4e4b\u5251\u95ea\u8000\u5149\u8292\u201d\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\u6216\u67d0\u79cd\u601d\u7ef4\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u5730\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u8fbd\u9614\u7684\u4e1c\u7ebf\u6218\u573a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u6bb5\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u5c31\u77d7\u7acb\u77401941\u20141943\u5e74\u7684\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u53cc\u65b9\u519b\u961f\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u6781\u9650\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u65b9\u5230\u8fbe\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u70b9\u65f6\u90fd\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u7ef4\u6301\u8fdb\u653b\u9510\u52bf\u548c\u540e\u52e4\u4f9b\u5e94\u7684\u5403\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u54c8\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u57ce\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/p8.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20221108\/c101f8ffc7e44af88f92352bd3856d29.jpeg\" width=\"640\" height=\"374\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u82cf\u519b\u6536\u590d\u4e86\u6ee1\u76ee\u75ae\u75cd\u7684\u54c8\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u8fd9\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u6613\u624b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u672c\u6587\u6458\u81ea:\u300a\u56fd\u9632\u519b\uff1a\u8282\u8282\u8d25\u9000\uff0c1943\u5e74\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u6218\u4e89\u300b \u5bf9\u4e8e\u66fc\u65bd\u5766\u56e0\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ed6\u634d\u536b\u81ea\u5df1\u89c2\u70b9\u7684 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[12],"tags":[1410,1635],"views":192,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60604"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=60604"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60604\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60606,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60604\/revisions\/60606"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=60604"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=60604"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=60604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}