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N. Sutton\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u66fe\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6bb5\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6234\u7ef4\u00b7\u8428\u987f\uff1a\u654c\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u591a\u6469\u90e8\u961f\u201d\u4f7f\u7528\u5e73\u6c11\u8fdb\u884c\u533b\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7528\u5e73\u6c11\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4eba\u4f53\u5bf9\u6709\u6bd2\u8840\u6e05\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u652f\u201c\u591a\u6469\u90e8\u961f\u201d\u662f\u65e5\u519b\u6700\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u673a\u6784\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u4eba\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5ead\u957f\uff1a\u5173\u4e8e\u7528\u5e73\u6c11\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4eba\u4f53\u5bf9\u6709\u6bd2\u8840\u6e05\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u5417\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u672a\u542c\u8bf4\u8fc7\u3002\u4f60\u5c31\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u60c5\u51b5\u5417\uff1f\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4fe1\u606f\u4e86\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u6234\u7ef4\u00b7\u8428\u987f\uff1a\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u8bc1\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u65b9\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u8fa9\u62a4\u5f8b\u5e08\u63d0\u51fa\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u201c\u6234\u7ef4\u00b7\u8428\u987f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6307\u63a7\u62ff\u51fa\u8db3\u591f\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u8bb8\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u4e8b\u75ab\u82d7\u63a5\u79cd\u7684\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e73\u6c11\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u673a\u6784\u201d\u3002\u6cd5\u5ead\u91c7\u4fe1\u4e86\u8fa9\u62a4\u5f8b\u5e08\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5224\u5b9a\u5357\u4eac\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u6cd5\u5ead\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u6cd5\u5b98\u8bf4\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5f53\u5c40\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u663e\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u7275\u52a8\u4eba\u4eec\u795e\u7ecf\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u6cd5\u5ead\u7adf\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u8ffd\u7a76\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u6cd5\u5ead\u7adf\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u4eb2\u81ea\u5b89\u6392\u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5f53\u65f6\u6cd5\u5b98\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5403\u60ca\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u8fc7\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u60c5\u51b5\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u95ee\u6234\u7ef4\u00b7\u8428\u987f\u201c\u4f60\u5c31\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u60c5\u51b5\u5417\uff1f\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4fe1\u606f\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u201d\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6234\u7ef4\u00b7\u8428\u987f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u70b9\u71c3\u5bfc\u706b\u7d22\u628a\u4e8b\u60c5\u5f15\u7206\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6cd5\u5b98\u50ac\u4fc3\u4ed6\u591a\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ed6\u5f88\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\uff08\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\uff09\u90a3\u6837\u505a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0b\u8f96\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u673a\u6784\u4e0d\u80fd\u6216\u4e0d\u613f\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u673a\u6784\u5374\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5bf9\u65e5\u519b\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u9879\u76ee\u8fdb\u884c\u6697\u4e2d\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u8c03\u67e5\u5728\u4e8c\u6218\u7ed3\u675f\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u89e3\u5bc6\u7684\u6863\u6848\u662f1944\u5e741\u670828\u65e5\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u4f5c\u6218\u90e8\u957f\uff08Chief of Naval Operations\uff09\u5199\u7ed9\u8054\u5408\u60c5\u62a5\u53c2\u8c0b\u90e8\uff08Joint Intelligence Staff 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Creasy\uff09\u5c11\u6821\u5728\u4e8c\u6218\u7ed3\u675f10\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9646\u519b\u65e9\u5c31\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u52a8\u5411\u4e86\u3002\u514b\u96f7\u897f\u5c11\u6821\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u65e5\u519b\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7eb8\u6c14\u7403\u70b8\u5f39\uff08\u4e8c\u6218\u4e2d\u65e5\u519b\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u672c\u571f\u91ca\u653e\u643a\u5e26\u70b8\u5f39\u7684\u6c14\u7403\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u9ad8\u7a7a\u6c14\u6d41\u98d8\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u672c\u571f\u540e\u843d\u5730\u7206\u70b8\uff09\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u3002\u201c\u636e\u7f8e\u519b\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u65e9\u57281932\u5e74\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5174\u8da3\u4e86\u30021937\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e86\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u673a\u6784\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5728\u675c\u9c81\u95e8\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u67e5\u9605\u5230\u7684\u6863\u6848\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6218\u4e89\u521a\u521a\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u53d1\u52a8\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u6295\u964d\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u675c\u9c81\u95e8\u603b\u7edf\u5c31\u6d3e\u9063\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u79d1\u5b66\u8c03\u67e5\u7ec4\u524d\u5f80\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u7ec4\u957f\u7684\u662f\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u5eb7\u666e\u987f\uff08Karl Compton\uff09\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\uff08MIT\uff09\u62c5\u4efb\u6821\u957f\u30021945\u5e7410\u67083\u65e5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u6295\u964d\u540e\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u5eb7\u666e\u987f\u535a\u58eb\u56de\u5230\u534e\u76db\u987f\uff0c\u5f53\u9762\u5411\u675c\u9c81\u95e8\u603b\u7edf\u62a5\u544a\u4e86\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\uff0c\u5eb7\u666e\u987f\u535a\u58eb\u5411\u675c\u9c81\u95e8\u603b\u7edf\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u957f\u8fbe6\u9875\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u6574\u7bc7\u62a5\u544a\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5f88\u5438\u5f15\u4eba\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u901a\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u7ec6\u83cc\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u6216\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u6709\u6240\u52a9\u76ca\u7684\u8bdd\u2026\u2026\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6\u548c\u7ec6\u83cc\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u519b\u65b9\u533b\u7597\u673a\u6784\u7684\u7d27\u5bc6\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u52a0\u7d27\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u770b\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5bf9\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u622a\u81f3\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u5426\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u53d1\u52a8\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u6216\u4e3a\u53d1\u52a8\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u8fdb\u884c\u51c6\u5907\u7684\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5426\u8ba4\u6001\u5ea6\u662f\u5b58\u7591\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u5c55\u5f00\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fdb\u5c55\u7f13\u6162\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u4e86\u6570\u6708\u4e4b\u4e45\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u7ec8\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u7ec6\u83cc\u90e8\u961f\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u519b\u5b98\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u4e00\u76f4\u58f0\u79f0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f\u9632\u5fa1\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ece\u4e8b\u7684\u662f\u6c34\u6e90\u51c0\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u4e2d\u5171\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u6c61\u67d3\u65e5\u519b\u7684\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u6c34\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u4e5f\u76f8\u4fe1\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u6253\u7b97\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u53d1\u52a8\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u8c03\u67e5\u4eba\u5458\u65f6\uff0c\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u6700\u521d\u7ed9\u4eba\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5f88\u72e1\u733e\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u4ed6\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u8c03\u67e5\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u5fc3\u7406\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u4fc4\u56fd\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\uff0c\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u5341\u5206\u6b8b\u5fcd\u3001\u5bf9\u4eba\u547d\u6beb\u4e0d\u5728\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63cf\u8ff0\u5176\u5b9e\u6b63\u9002\u5408\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u884c\u4e3a\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a9\u9970\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u5bfb\u627e\u501f\u53e3\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u884c\u4e3a\u5408\u7406\u5316\u3002\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u575a\u79f0\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u53cd\u51fb\uff0c\u201c\u4ed6\u4eec\u201d\u90a3\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u65e5\u672c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u505a\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u9632\u6b62\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u6218\u573a\u4e0a\u5904\u4e8e\u5f31\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6700\u521d\u7684\u51e0\u6b21\u8c08\u8bdd\u91cc\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u4e00\u76f4\u60f3\u63a9\u76d6\u771f\u76f8\u3002\u5317\u91ce\u653f\u6b21\uff08Masaji Kitano\uff09\u662f\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u79bb\u5f00\u201c731\u90e8\u961f\u201d\u671f\u95f4\u8be5\u7ec6\u83cc\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u4e8b\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u201c100\u90e8\u961f\u201d\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u82e5\u677e\u96c4\u4e8c\u90ce\uff08Wakamatsu Yujiro\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u201c100\u90e8\u961f\u201d\u4e3b\u8981\u4ece\u4e8b\u52a8\u7269\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u5176\u5b9e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u7528\u4eba\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7814\u7a76\u5bb6\u755c\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53d7\u8be2\u95ee\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u5b98\u90fd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u90fd\u5df2\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u5458\u4e5f\u90fd\u5df2\u88ab\u9063\u6563\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u8bbd\u523a\u610f\u5473\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u82cf\u8054\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5f53\u5c40\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u771f\u5730\u4f1a\u65e0\u679c\u800c\u7ec8\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5f53\u5c40\u90fd\u62ff\u51fa\u4e86\u8db3\u4ee5\u7ed9\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5b9a\u7f6a\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e24\u540d\u88ab\u4fd8\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u7ec6\u83cc\u90e8\u961f\u4eba\u5458\u5ddd\u5c9b\u548c\u5510\u6cfd\u7684\u5ba1\u8baf\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u4efd\u8bb0\u5f55\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u8f6c\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u57f9\u517b\u75c5\u83cc\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7684\uff0c\u4e24\u540d\u65e5\u672c\u4fd8\u864f\u627f\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u8fc7\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u5236\u9020\u7279\u6b8a\u70b8\u5f39\u89e3\u51b3\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u8f7d\u5177\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f20\u9012\u7684\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6863\u6848\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f\u5148\u662f\u88ab\u9001\u5f80\u9a7b\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u9ea6\u514b\u963f\u745f\u5c06\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u540e\u5176\u4e0b\u8f96\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u8d77\u8bc9\u79d1\uff08International Prosecution Section\uff09\u624d\u83b7\u6089\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u82cf\u8054\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u8fdc\u4e1c\u56fd\u9645\u519b\u4e8b\u6cd5\u5ead\u62d2\u7edd\u63a5\u53d7\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u201c\u591a\u6469\u90e8\u961f\u201d\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u8bc9\u8bbc\u56e2\u961f\u628a\u5ddd\u5c9b\u548c\u5510\u6cfd\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e66\u9762\u8bc1\u636e\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u9996\u5e2d\u68c0\u5bdf\u5b98\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u51ef\u5357\uff08Joseph B. Keenan\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u82cf\u8054\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f88\u96be\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4f55\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u51ef\u5357\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u56e2\u961f\u6ca1\u6709\u7acb\u5373\u5c31\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u95ee\u9898\u5c55\u5f00\u5168\u9762\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u54ea\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u5f88\u663e\u7136\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u901a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7ea7\u522b\u60c5\u62a5\u7ba1\u9053\u9001\u8fbe\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ad8\u5c42\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u51b3\u5b9a\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u5bc6\u5c01\u9501\u3002<\/p>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/i01piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/425a41a7fba30357\" \/><\/section>\n<p>731\u90e8\u961f\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u70ad\u75bd\u83cc\u5b9e\u9a8c\u62a5\u544a\u5c01\u9762\u56fe\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u6709\u5fb7\u7279\u91cc\u514b\u5821\u57fa\u5730\u7684\u5b57\u6837\u3002\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u65b0\u534e\u793e<\/p>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/i04piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/efe49e6180ae0e4e\" \/><\/section>\n<p>731\u90e8\u961f\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u9f3b\u75bd\u83cc\u5b9e\u9a8c\u62a5\u544a\u3001\u70ad\u75bd\u83cc\u5b9e\u9a8c\u62a5\u544a\u3001\u9f20\u75ab\u83cc\u5b9e\u9a8c\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u5c01\u9762\u3002\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u65b0\u534e\u793e<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5bf9\u5ddd\u5c9b\u548c\u5510\u6cfd\u7684\u5ba1\u8baf\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9ea6\u514b\u963f\u745f\u624b\u4e0b\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u4eba\u5458\u91cd\u65b0\u5bf9\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u51e0\u4e2a\u6709\u540d\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8be2\u95ee\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5426\u8ba4\u6001\u5ea6\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u74e6\u89e3\u4e86\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4e1c\u4eac\u548c\u534e\u76db\u987f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f00\u59cb\u51fa\u73b0\u591a\u5c01\u7d27\u6025\u5bc6\u7535\u30021947\u5e742\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u519b\u8fdc\u4e1c\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\u603b\u53f8\u4ee4\uff08CINCFE\uff09\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u9646\u519b\u90e8\uff08War 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src=\"https:\/\/img1.baidu.com\/it\/u=3847570846,2348446981&amp;fm=253&amp;fmt=auto&amp;app=138&amp;f=JPEG?w=750&amp;h=500\" \/><\/section>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u90e8\u6863\u6848\u5ba4\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u62a5\u544a\u4e66\u590d\u5370\u4ef6\u3002\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u65b0\u534e\u793e<\/p>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/i01piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/9c5140138c276a99\" 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C. Carpenter\uff09\u4e0a\u6821\u5bf9\u534e\u76db\u987f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u56de\u590d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u56de\u590d\u524d\u4e0e\u8d1f\u8d23\u6218\u72af\u8d77\u8bc9\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u8d77\u8bc9\u79d1\uff08International Prosecution Section\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u201c\u534f\u8c03\u201d\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u4e1c\u4eac\u7684\u9ea6\u514b\u963f\u745f\u548c\u534e\u76db\u987f\u90fd\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u884c\u4e3a\u6709\u4e86\u638c\u63e1\uff0c\u5361\u670b\u7279\u4e0a\u6821\u4e8e1947\u5e746\u67087\u65e5\u5411\u534e\u76db\u987f\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u7535\u62a5\u8bfb\u8d77\u6765\u9887\u4e3a\u6709\u8da3\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e8b\u52a1\u90e8\u5173\u4e8e\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u533f\u540d\u4fe1\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u5199\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u91cc\u9762\u5305\u542b\u8bb8\u591a\u6d41\u8a00\u548c\u53e3\u5934\u8bc1\u8a00\u3002\u622a\u81f3\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e8b\u52a1\u90e8\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5927\u91cf\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u534e\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u6709\u5173\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5ba1\u95ee\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u8d77\u6218\u4e89\u7f6a\u6307\u63a7\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u670d\u5211\u8005\u3001\u519c\u6c11\u3001\u5973\u6027\u548c\u513f\u7ae5\u90fd\u88ab\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7528\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc1\u5b9e\u7684\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u58f0\u79f0\uff0c\u201c\u77f3\u4e95\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u90e8\u961f\u201d\u5728\u5949\u5929\uff08\u5373\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c88\u9633\uff09\u7528\u88ab\u4fd8\u7f8e\u519b\u4eba\u5458\u505a\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u8bf4\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5728\u4e1c\u4eac\u548c\u4eac\u90fd\u4e5f\u5728\u4ece\u4e8b\u6b64\u7c7b\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u7684\u90e8\u4e0b\u65e0\u4e00\u4eba\u53d7\u5230\u6307\u63a7\u6216\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u72af\u4e0b\u6218\u4e89\u7f6a\u7684\u5acc\u7591\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6307\u63a7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u5468\u4ee5\u540e\u76846\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u5361\u670b\u7279\u4e0a\u6821\u518d\u6b21\u5411\u534e\u76db\u987f\u53d1\u53bb\u7535\u62a5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u7535\u62a5\u4e2d\u8bf4\u5df2\u6709\u201c\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bc1\u636e\u201d\u8bc1\u660e\u65e5\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u4ece\u56fd\u9645\u8d77\u8bc9\u79d1\u7684\u4e0a\u8ff0\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u786e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u65e5\u519b\u5728\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\u8fdd\u53cd\u9646\u6218\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u56fd\u9645\u8d77\u8bc9\u79d1\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u8d77\u8bc9\u8bbc\u201d\u3002\u5361\u670b\u7279\u4e0a\u6821\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f7b\u5e95\u8c03\u67e5\u8ba9\u4e8b\u60c5\u6c34\u843d\u77f3\u51fa\u3002\u4ed6\u7528\u5f8b\u5e08\u7684\u53e3\u543b\u6700\u540e\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u63d0\u8d77\u8bc9\u8bbc\u662f\u56f0\u96be\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u5ead\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bc1\u636e\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5f88\u663e\u7136\u4ece\u5361\u670b\u7279\u4e0a\u6821\u90a3\u91cc\u542c\u5230\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u542c\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u201c\u533f\u540d\u4fe1\u201d\u3001\u201c\u636e\u8bf4\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6d41\u8a00\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u201d\u3001\u201c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc1\u5b9e\u201d\u3001\u201c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u56fd\u9645\u8d77\u8bc9\u79d1\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u8d77\u8bc9\u8bbc\u201d\u2026\u2026\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7528\u8bcd\u540e\u6765\u90fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4e86\u7ed9\u4e88\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u8c41\u514d\u5f85\u9047\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9650\u4e8e\u7bc7\u5e45\uff0c\u6211\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u672c\u6587\u5c55\u793a\u66f4\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7535\u62a5\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7535\u62a5\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u6709\u8bc1\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u9879\u76ee\u6bd4\u5f53\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u8c03\u67e5\u4eba\u5458\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u8981\u5e9e\u5927\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6218\u533a\u533b\u7597\u60c5\u62a5\u5b98\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u65e5\u519b\u5728\u9891\u7e41\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u201c\u51c0\u6c34\u8bbe\u65bd\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u4fbf\u643a\u5f0f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7f8e\u519b\u533b\u751f\u4eec\u4e0d\u7406\u89e3\u9694\u79bb\u670d\u7b49\u65e5\u672c\u88c5\u5907\u7684\u7528\u9014\u300240\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u534e\u4e2d\u6218\u573a\u4e0a\u7206\u53d1\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u75ab\u75c5\u5982\u4eca\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u50cf\u5f53\u65f6\u90a3\u4e48\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1947\u5e747\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u00b7\u6000\u7279\u5c14\uff08Edward Wetter\uff09\u548cH.I.\u65af\u5854\u5e03\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\uff08H.I. Stubblefield\uff09\u5728\u4e3a\u5c11\u6570\u519b\u65b9\u548c\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5b98\u5458\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u7f55\u89c1\u7684\u5766\u8bda\u6001\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u4eec\u62a5\u544a\u8bf4\uff0c\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u7b49\u4eba\u975e\u5e38\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u64b0\u5199\u5927\u91cf\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\u63d0\u4f9b\u201c8000\u591a\u5f20\u7ecf\u8fc7\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u5b9e\u9a8c\u540e\u4eba\u7c7b\u548c\u52a8\u7269\u5c38\u4f53\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u7167\u7247\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u6548\u679c\u8981\u6bd4\u52a8\u7269\u5b9e\u9a8c\u597d\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u636e\u5224\u65ad\u82cf\u8054\u4ec5\u4ec5\u638c\u63e1\u201c\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u201d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u201c\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u53d7\u5230\u6218\u4e89\u7f6a\u884c\u6307\u63a7\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u6240\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u83b7\u53d6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5c3d\u529b\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u6240\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u201c\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4ef7\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u201c\u65e5\u672c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u6781\u5927\uff0c\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u8981\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u6218\u4e89\u7f6a\u884c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u672c\u8eab\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1947\u5e747\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6218\u4e89\u6d77\u519b\u534f\u8c03\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u201d\uff08SWNCC\uff09\u7684\u585e\u897f\u5c14\u00b7\u80e1\u4f2f\u7279\uff08Cecil F. Hubbert\uff09\u5bf9\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u00b7\u6000\u7279\u5c14\u548cH.I.\u65af\u5854\u5e03\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\u7684\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u56de\u590d\uff0c\u4ed6\u540c\u610f\u4e8c\u4eba\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u90a3\u6837\u505a\u672a\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u2018\u56fd\u9645\u519b\u4e8b\u6cd5\u5ead\u2019\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u7b49\u4eba\u6240\u505a\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5224\u5b9a\u4e3a\u6218\u4e89\u7f6a\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u63a5\u7740\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u201c\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u7ebd\u4f26\u5821\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e00\u6d41\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u533b\u751f\u63d0\u8d77\u8bc9\u8bbc\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u66fe\u5728\u4eba\u4f53\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u8c61\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u5e76\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u201d\u3002\u80e1\u4f2f\u7279\u8fd8\u8b66\u544a\u79f0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u82cf\u8054\u65b9\u9762\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u6218\u72af\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u53c9\u5ba1\u67e5\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6574\u4ef6\u4e8b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u66b4\u9732\uff0c\u5c4a\u65f6\u5c40\u9762\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u6536\u62fe\uff1a\u8981\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u5728\u5949\u5929\u5730\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u72ec\u7acb\u8c03\u67e5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u7f8e\u56fd\u6218\u4fd8\u66fe\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u5145\u5f53\u4ee5\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u7814\u7a76\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u90a3\u4e9b\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u8c61\u5df2\u7ecf\u56e0\u6b64\u6b7b\u4ea1\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u80e1\u4f2f\u7279\u8fd8\u662f\u540c\u610f\u6000\u7279\u5c14\u548c\u65af\u5854\u5e03\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f20\u91c7\u53d6\u4fdd\u5bc6\u63aa\u65bd\u5e76\u7ed9\u4e88\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e5\u672c\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u6218\u4e89\u7f6a\u884c\u7684\u8c41\u514d\u6743\u3002\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u76ee\u524d\u624b\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u2026\u2026\u5e76\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u8bc1\u660e\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u7b49\u4eba\u72af\u4e0b\u4e86\u6218\u4e89\u7f6a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b89\u6392\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u533b\u7597\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u534e\u76db\u987f\u6d3e\u5f80\u65e5\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u5730\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u8bfa\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u8d39\u5c14\uff08Norbert H. Fell\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e8e1947\u5e744\u6708\u521d\u542f\u7a0b\u524d\u5f80\u65e5\u672c\u30026\u6708\u5e95\uff0c\u8bfa\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u8d39\u5c14\u533b\u751f\u56de\u5230\u534e\u76db\u987f\u3002\u6765\u81ea\u4e1c\u4eac\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5411\u8d39\u5c14\u533b\u751f\u5f00\u653e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7535\u62a5\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u4ed6\u662f\u638c\u63e1\u6700\u65b0\u7b2c\u4e00\u624b\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u4e13\u5bb6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57c3\u5fb7\u6e29\u00b7\u5e0c\u5c14\uff08Edwin V. Hill\uff09\u533b\u751f\u662f\u4f4d\u4e8e\u9a6c\u91cc\u5170\u5dde\u5fb7\u7279\u91cc\u514b\u5821\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u9646\u519b\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u533b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u533b\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u79d1\u5b66\u5e26\u5934\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u7b49\u4eba\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6280\u672f\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u6b64\u884c\u8d74\u65e5\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6750\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u75c5\u7406\u8d44\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u4e86\u5bf9\u7406\u89e3\u75c5\u7406\u6570\u636e\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u7b49\u8bf4\u660e\u6027\u6750\u6599\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57c3\u5fb7\u6e29\u00b7\u5e0c\u5c14\u7b49\u4eba\u4e0e19\u540d\u65e5\u672c\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u4e13\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8c08\u8bdd\uff0c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4ee5\u4eba\u7c7b\u548c\u52a8\u7269\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u690d\u7269\u75be\u75c5\u6709\u5173\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u5bf9\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u7684\u51c0\u5316\u6d41\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u98de\u673a\u55b7\u6d12\u75c5\u83cc\u6c14\u6eb6\u80f6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u7b49\u4eba\u5411\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e13\u5bb6\u4eec\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u70ad\u75bd\u6746\u83cc\u3001\u8089\u6bd2\u6746\u83cc\u3001\u5e03\u9c81\u6c0f\u83cc\u7684\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u88ab\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u548c\u6700\u7ec8\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57c3\u5fb7\u6e29\u00b7\u5e0c\u5c14\u5728\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6750\u6599\u662f\u6781\u4e3a\u73cd\u8d35\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u4ee3\u8868\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u7b49\u4eba\u6c42\u60c5\uff1a\u6b64\u6b21\u8c03\u67e5\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u6781\u5927\u5730\u5f25\u8865\u548c\u6269\u5145\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u6b64\u524d\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u8017\u8d39\u65e0\u6570\u7f8e\u5143\u548c\u591a\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u624d\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u4f53\u5bf9\u75c5\u83cc\u6613\u611f\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u53d6\u5f97\u90a3\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4f1a\u5728\u826f\u5fc3\u4e0a\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u9020\u6210\u4e0d\u5b89\u3002\u83b7\u53d6\u90a3\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u4ec5\u970025\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u672c\u76f8\u6bd4\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u8ba1\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u75c5\u7406\u6570\u636e\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u81ea\u613f\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4eba\u7ed9\u4e88\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u514d\u906d\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5c3d\u4e00\u5207\u52aa\u529b\u9632\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u843d\u5165\u4ed6\u56fd\u4e4b\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n<section><img src=\"https:\/\/i04piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/d076a63e56113ed7\" 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Rosebury\uff09\u533b\u751f\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4eba\u4f53\u4ea7\u751f\u600e\u6837\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece\u4eba\u4f53\u4e0a\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5076\u7136\u88ab\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6863\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u4ece\u5f97\u77e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3001\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u3001\u201c\u6df7\u8840\u4eba\u79cd\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u547d\u56e0\u5927\u5242\u91cf\u7684\u75c5\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\u3001\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684X\u5149\u7167\u5c04\u6216\u6d3b\u4f53\u89e3\u5256\u800c\u8fc7\u65e9\u5730\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u5229\u76ca\u201d\uff0c\u77f3\u4e95\u56db\u90ce\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u201c731\u90e8\u961f\u201d\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5b98\u5458\u90fd\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u6d3b\u8fc7\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u8001\u5e74\u65f6\u671f\u60a3\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u7136\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4f4d\u53eb\u5317\u91ce\u7684\u5c06\u519b\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u5199\u4f5c\u672c\u6587\u65f6\u4ecd\u7136\u975e\u5e38\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u4ed6\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5bb6\u91cc\u5b89\u4eab\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9000\u4f11\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1969\u5e7411\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u5c3c\u514b\u677e\u603b\u7edf\u5ba3\u5e03\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c06\u653e\u5f03\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u3001\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6076\u52a3\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u9020\u6210\u75ab\u75c5\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u4e14\u5371\u53ca\u672a\u6765\u4e16\u4ee3\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u5065\u5eb7\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u7f8e\u56fd\u653e\u5f03\u4f7f\u7528\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u751f\u7269\u6218\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7684\u5b98\u5458\u4eec\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u603b\u7edf\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u9002\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u52a0\u4ee5\u9650\u5b9a\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u5f53\u5929\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u957f\u6885\u5c14\u6587\u00b7\u83b1\u5c14\u5fb7\uff08Melvin Laird\uff09\u5c31\u5bf9\u53c2\u8bae\u5458\u5c0f\u67e5\u5c14\u65af\u00b7\u9a6c\u8fea\u4e9a\u65af\uff08Charles Mathias, Jr.\uff09\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u9020\u6210\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u300a\u534e\u76db\u987f\u90ae\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u62a5\u9053\u79f0\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u65b9\u60f3\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fd\u9632\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u6d89\u53ca\u201c\u7814\u53d1\u548c\u5236\u9020\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5236\u5242\u4ee5\u53ca\u53cd\u5236\u8fd9\u79cd\u5236\u5242\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u2018\u8fd9\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u66fe\u505a\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u5df2\u7ecf\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e86\u2019\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b98\u5458\u79c1\u4e0b\u8bf4\u9053\u2026\u2026\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u968f\u540e\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u8ff9\u8c61\u663e\u793a\u4e94\u89d2\u5927\u697c\u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u5728\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u62a5\u9053\u4e2d\uff0c\u8428\u7f2a\u5c14\u00b7\u53e4\u5c14\u5fb7\u54c8\u52c3\uff08Samuel Goldhaber\uff09\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6253\u7b97\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u5b9a\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u201c\u9632\u5fa1\u6027\u201d\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u767d\u5bab\u5df2\u7ecf\u58f0\u660e\u6b64\u7c7b\u9879\u76ee\u5c06\u5b8c\u5168\u516c\u5f00\u900f\u660e\uff0c\u4f46\u519b\u65b9\u968f\u540e\u5374\u8bf4\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u5c5e\u4e8e\u519b\u4e8b\u673a\u5bc6\u3002\u4e3a\u5b8c\u6210\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u628a240\u540d\u5e73\u6c11\u548c190\u540d\u519b\u65b9\u4eba\u5458\u4ece\u5fb7\u7279\u91cc\u514b\u5821\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6b66\u5668\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u9646\u519b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u72b9\u4ed6\u5dde\u7684\u8fbe\u683c\u5a01\u8bd5\u9a8c\u573a\uff08Dugway Proving 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V. 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