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Bradley\uff09\u51c6\u5c06\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u6307\u6325\u7b2c23\u56e2\u548c\u7b2c38\u56e2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u5c06\u4ed6\u7684\u7b2c3\u8425\u201c\u673a\u68b0\u5316\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u6574\u4e2a\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u524d\u8fdb\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u6b65\u5175\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u4e3a\u8fbe\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u52a8\u7528\u4e86\u56e2\u5c5e\u5766\u514b\u8fde\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u914d\u5c5e\u5766\u514b\u8fde\uff0c\u673a\u52a8\u706b\u529b\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u5927\u52a0\u5f3a\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u4e3a\u8be5\u8425\u914d\u5c5e\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u8f66\u8f86\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u672a\u4e0e\u654c\u519b\u63a5\u89e6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u63a8\u8fdb\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u6b65\u5175\u5728\u884c\u519b\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u4e0d\u81f3\u4e8e\u592a\u7d2f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6cbf\u9014\u90fd\u662f\u4e58\u8f66\u884c\u519b\u3002\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u63d0\u9ad8\u7b2c3\u8425\u7684\u673a\u52a8\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u8be5\u56e2\u5728\u671d\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u9ad8\u655e\uff08Kochang\uff09\u6751\u524d\u8fdb\u65f6\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u5730\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u7b2c38\u56e2\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5e03\u96f7\u5fb7\u5229\u51c6\u5c06\u547d\u7b2c23\u56e2\u7684\u5766\u514b\u8ba9\u8def\uff0c\u8ba9\u7b2c38\u56e2\u7684\u90e8\u961f\u4f18\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u653b\u5360\u8be5\u6751\u7684\u8363\u8a89\u3002\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u6124\u6012\u4e4b\u6781\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6b64\u4e8b\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u7b2c38\u56e2\u6218\u6597\u7fa4\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u6d3e\u666e\u6d1b\uff08George 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src=\"https:\/\/img2.baidu.com\/it\/u=759878957,605134724&amp;fm=253&amp;fmt=auto&amp;app=138&amp;f=JPEG?w=511&amp;h=500\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u5e03\u96f7\u5fb7\u5229\u660e\u767d\u7b2c2\u5e08\u5728\u519b\u9685\u91cc\u2014\u987a\u5ddd\u516c\u8def\u4e0a\u6240\u906d\u9047\u7684\u707e\u96be\u540e\uff0c\u4fbf\u544a\u8bc9\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\uff1a\u201c\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u5c31\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u635f\u5931\u90e8\u961f\u3002\u201d\u5927\u7ea6\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u67b6\u8054\u7edc\u673a\u98de\u8d8a\u4e0a\u7a7a\uff0c\u6295\u4e0b\u4e00\u7eb8\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u901a\u77e5\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u5c06\u7b2c23\u56e2\u5e26\u5f80\u5b89\u5dde\u516c\u8def\u3002[24]<\/p>\n<p>\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u968f\u5373\u7ec4\u7ec7\u90e8\u961f\u64a4\u9000\uff0c\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u5179\u7684\u7b2c2\u8425\u5728\u524d\u5f00\u8def\uff0c\u54c8\u91d1\u7684\u7b2c1\u8425\u968f\u540e\u8ddf\u8fdb\uff0c\u51ef\u6069\u7684\u7b2c3\u8425\u62c5\u4efb\u540e\u536b\u3002\u4ed6\u653e\u51fa\u8bdd\u6765\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u906d\u5230\u963b\u51fb\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7a81\u7834\u8def\u969c\uff0c\u5b98\u5175\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5c71\uff0c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u961f\u5f62\uff0c\u5206\u5934\u5411\u5357\u64a4\u9000\u3002\u58eb\u5175\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u7684\u7528\u610f\uff0c\u5e76\u51b3\u5fc3\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u548c\u70ae\u5175\u8425\u957f\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u51ef\u65af\uff08John Keith\uff09\u4e2d\u6821\u78b0\u4e86\u4e2a\u5934\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u5426\u62d6\u774018\u95e8\u69b4\u5f39\u70ae\u4e00\u8d77\u64a4\u9000\u3002\u5f53\u5730\u516c\u8def\u662f\u5178\u578b\u51bb\u571f\u8def\uff0c\u873f\u8712\u66f2\u6298\u4e8e\u5c71\u95f4\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5341\u5206\u72ed\u7a84\uff0c\u62d0\u5f2f\u3001\u72ed\u8def\u6781\u591a\u3002\u4e24\u4f4d\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u90fd\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u95e8\u69b4\u5f39\u70ae\u7ffb\u5012\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c06\u516c\u8def\u5f7b\u5e95\u5835\u4f4f\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5c06\u5269\u4f59\u5f39\u836f\u6253\u5149\u540e\uff0c\u629b\u5f03\u6240\u6709\u69b4\u5f39\u70ae\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4e0d\u662f\u4ef6\u8f7b\u677e\u4e8b\u513f\uff1a\u51ef\u65af\u5171\u67093206\u53d1\u70ae\u5f39\u3002\u4ed6\u52a8\u5458\u4e86\u91ce\u70ae\u8425\u9644\u8fd1\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u5458\u8fd0\u9001\u70ae\u5f39\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5305\u62ec\u53a8\u5b50\u3001\u6587\u4e66\u548c\u536b\u751f\u5458\u3002\u9ec4\u660f\u65f6\u5206\u5f00\u59cb\u70ae\u51fb\uff0c18\u95e8\u69b4\u5f39\u70ae\u7528\u4e86\u4e0d\u523020\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u4fbf\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5f39\u836f\u5168\u90e8\u6253\u5149\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u6bcf\u95e8\u70ae\u6bcf\u5206\u949f\u53d1\u5c049\u53d1\u70ae\u5f39\uff1b\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bcf\u95e8\u70ae\u4e0d\u52307\u79d2\u949f\u4fbf\u53d1\u5c04\u4e00\u53d1\u70ae\u5f39\u3002\u5728\u906d\u5230\u70ae\u51fb\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u6bcf\u5206\u949f\u7ea6\u6709160\u53d1\u70ae\u5f39\u7206\u70b8\u3002\u706b\u70ae\u88ab\u785d\u70df\u718f\u5f97\u4e4c\u9ed1\uff0c\u6f06\u76ae\u56e0\u9ad8\u6e29\u800c\u5265\u843d\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u70ae\u5175\u7528\u94dd\u70ed\u5242\u624b\u69b4\u5f39\u5c06\u69b4\u5f39\u70ae\u5168\u90e8\u70e7\u6bc1\u3002\u524d\u6cbf\u89c2\u5bdf\u5458\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u4e2d\u56fd\u5175\u906d\u5230\u70ae\u51fb\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u6398\u58d5\u636e\u5b88\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7f8e\u519b\u5c06\u8981\u53d1\u52a8\u8fdb\u653b\u3002[25]<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c23\u56e2\u5b98\u5175\u90fd\u8bb0\u5f97\u51fa\u53d1\u65f6\u7684\u60c5\u666f\u3002\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u4eec\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u58eb\u5175\u90fd\u7528\u8f66\u8f86\u5e26\u8d70\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u53ea\u662f\u5750\u5728\u5409\u666e\u8f66\u76d6\u4e0a\u6216\u642d\u4e58\u5766\u514b\u548c\u9632\u7a7a\u70ae\u8f66\u3002\u70ae\u5175\u5f00\u59cb\u5c04\u51fb\u65f6\uff0c\u8054\u7edc\u673a\u98de\u4e34\u4e0a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u7fa4\u7f8e\u519b\u58eb\u5175\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u62a2\u52ab\u5c0f\u5356\u90e8\u91cc\u7684\u9999\u70df\u7cd6\u679c\u3002\u8054\u7edc\u673a\u6295\u4e0b\u4e00\u5f20\u7eb8\u6761\uff0c\u4e8c\u7b49\u5175\u5c0f\u83ab\u91cc\u65af\u00b7V\u00b7\u4f0a\u6587\u65af\uff08Morris V. Evans Jr.\uff09\u6361\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u4e0a\u9762\u5199\u7740\u201c3\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e08\u6b63\u5728\u8fc2\u56de\u5305\u56f4\u4f60\u4eec\u3002\u201d\u4f0a\u6587\u65af\u98de\u5954\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u3002\u4e0a\u6821\u770b\u5b8c\u540e\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u4f0a\u6587\u65af\uff1a\u201c\u56de\u5230\u90e8\u961f\u53bb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u540e\u5c31\u51fa\u53d1\u3002\u201d[26]<\/p>\n<p>\u5929\u521a\u64e6\u9ed1\uff0c\u7b2c23\u56e2\u5373\u5f00\u59cb\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u6309\u7167\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u884c\u519b\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u7b2c2\u8425\u3001\u7b2c1\u8425\u548c\u7b2c3\u8425\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u64a4\u9000\u884c\u52a8\u5f88\u5feb\u4fbf\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u58eb\u5175\u4eec\u7eb7\u7eb7\u722c\u4e0a\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u8f66\u8f86\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u9a91\u5728\u5766\u514b\u548c\u9632\u7a7a\u70ae\u8f66\u4e0a\u3002\u51e0\u5c0f\u65f6\u540e\uff0c\u7b2c23\u56e2\u4fbf\u62b5\u8fbe\u7b2c24\u5e08\u7b2c5\u56e2\u6218\u6597\u7fa4\u7684\u524d\u54e8\u7ebf\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u53c8\u7ee7\u7eed\u5411\u5357\u5f00\u5f80\u6c49\u57ce\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5168\u4f53\u5b98\u5175\u6c38\u8fdc\u65e0\u6cd5\u5fd8\u8bb0\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u65c5\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u6ef4\u6c34\u6210\u51b0\u7684\u4e25\u5bd2\u5929\u6c14\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5411\u5357\u8fde\u7eed\u884c\u9a76\u4e863\u5929\u3002\u58eb\u5175\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u996d\u5403\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4ece\u5c0f\u5356\u90e8\u548c\u98df\u5802\u91cc\u62a2\u6765\u7684\u96f6\u98df\uff0c\u6709\u6c34\u679c\u7f50\u5934\u3001\u5168\u9ea6\u997c\u5e72\u3001\u7389\u7c73\u7247\u548c\u7cd6\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5510\u00b7\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\uff08Don Thomas\uff09\u4e2d\u58eb\u2014\u5f53\u65f6\u662fK\u8fde\u4e00\u540d\u6b65\u67aa\u5175\u2014\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u64a4\u9000\u65f6\u81ea\u5df1\u88ab\u585e\u8fdb\u4e00\u8f86\u5361\u8f66\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u8f66\u53a2\u91cc\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u7b52\u54b8\u725b\u8089\u9a6c\u94c3\u85af\u7f50\u5934\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u540e\u5728\u8f66\u4e0a\u8f6e\u6d41\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u201c\u4f7f\u6bcf\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u5403\u4e0a\u4e00\u5757\u51bb\u8089\u6c64\uff0c\u5473\u9053\u5c31\u8c61\u6392\u9aa8\u6c64\u3002\u7f50\u5934\u5728\u8f66\u4e0a\u4f20\u4e86\u4e24\u4e09\u5708\uff0c\u4fbf\u88ab\u5403\u5f97\u4e00\u5e72\u4e8c\u51c0\u3002\u201d\u5728\u64a4\u9000\u9014\u4e2d\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u4f11\u606f\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u8d81\u4e71\u722c\u4e0a\u4e86\u4e00\u8f86\u5766\u514b\u3002\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u7684\u6700\u5bd2\u51b7\u7684\u884c\u519b\u3002\u201d\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u56de\u5fc6\u9053\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u6253\u4eba\u722c\u4e0a\u5766\u514b\u3002\u6211\u6700\u540e\u722c\u4e0a\u53bb\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5446\u5728\u70ae\u5854\u540e\u7684\u901a\u98ce\u53e3\uff0c\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u98ce\u6247\u4ece\u90a3\u91cc\u5438\u8fdb\u51b7\u7a7a\u6c14\u3002\u6211\u7cbe\u75b2\u529b\u5c3d\uff0c\u53c8\u51b7\u53c8\u997f\uff0c\u8eba\u5012\u5728\u901a\u98ce\u53e3\u4e0a\u4fbf\u7761\u7740\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u64a4\u9000\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u6c14\u6e29\u964d\u5230\u96f6\u4e0b20\u5ea6\u3002\u5766\u514b\u98de\u9a70\uff0c\u5bd2\u98ce\u55d6\u55d6\u3002\u5bf9\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u98ce\u6247\u5438\u6c14\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5f7b\u9aa8\u5bd2\u6d41\u3002\u8f66\u961f\u6cbf\u7740\u9053\u8def\u884c\u8fdb\uff0c\u8f70\u9686\u9686\u5f00\u4e86\u4e00\u6574\u591c\u3002\u6211\u5728\u901a\u98ce\u53e3\u4e0a\u7761\u4e868\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5766\u514b\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u505c\u4e0b,\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4e0b\u4e86\u5766\u514b\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\u6211\u88ab\u63ea\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u6b65\u884c\u7684\u961f\u4f0d\uff0c\u8d70\u4e86\u4e00\u9635\u624d\u7a81\u7136\u201c\u9192\u8fc7\u6765\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bb8\u591a\u58eb\u5175\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u884c\u519b\u5bfc\u81f4\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u7684\u624b\u6307\u548c\u811a\u8dbe\u4e25\u91cd\u51bb\u4f24\u3002[27]<\/p>\n<p>\u5357\u65b9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6e2f<\/p>\n<p>12\u67083\u65e5\uff0c\u7b2c23\u56e2\u6700\u7ec8\u62b5\u8fbe\u6c76\u5c71\u91cc\uff08Munsan\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5730\u867d\u5904\u6c49\u57ce\u4ee5\u5317\uff0c\u4f46\u4f9d\u6258\u7740\u5929\u7136\u5c4f\u969c\u4e34\u6d25\u6c5f\u3002\u8fde\u7eed\u4f5c\u6218\u591a\u65e5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u58eb\u5175\u4eec\u9996\u6b21\u80fd\u591f\u8865\u5145\u7761\u7720\u3001\u5927\u5403\u5927\u559d\u3001\u6d17\u6fa1\u6362\u8863\u3002\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u4e0a\u6821\u7acb\u5373\u884c\u52a8\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u4f7f\u8be5\u56e2\u6062\u590d\u52303\u4e2a\u6708\u524d\u521a\u5230\u671d\u9c9c\u65f6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u6765\u81ea\u8def\u6613\u65af\u5821\u7684\u7b2c23\u56e2\u90e8\u961f\u6838\u5fc3\u57fa\u672c\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u5458\u4f24\u4ea1\u3002\u5728\u968f\u540e\u51e0\u5468\u91cc\uff0c\u8865\u5145\u5175\u5458\u9646\u7eed\u62b5\u8fbe\uff0c\u540e\u52e4\u90e8\u95e8\u8865\u5145\u4e86\u6bc1\u5f03\u5728\u5317\u65b9\u7684\u6b66\u5668\u88c5\u5907\u3002\u8be5\u56e2\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u82b1\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f7f\u65b0\u5175\u5458\u878d\u5165\u56e2\u961f\u3002[28]<\/p>\n<p>\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u6539\u8d70\u5b89\u5dde\u516c\u8def\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u731b\u70c8\u62a8\u51fb\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u519b\u5b98\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e94\u5f53\u5411\u987a\u5ddd\u653b\u51fb\u524d\u8fdb\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u7b2c2\u5e08\u7684\u4f24\u4ea1\u4e0d\u81f3\u4e8e\u5982\u6b64\u60e8\u91cd\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u672a\u80fd\u5c3d\u5230\u804c\u8d23\uff1b\u6b63\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u6539\u8d70\u5b89\u5dde\u516c\u8def\uff0c\u624d\u4f7f\u987a\u5ddd\u516c\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u4f24\u4ea1\u731b\u589e\u3002\u7b2c8\u96c6\u56e2\u519b\u5185\u90e8\u5bf9\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u52bf\u5982\u6f6e\u6d8c\u3002\u7b2c2\u5e08\u53c2\u8c0b\u90e8\u8c23\u4f20\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u672a\u5f97\u6279\u51c6\u4fbf\u64c5\u81ea\u64a4\u9000\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u4f20\u8a00\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u5e94\u4e3a\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u800c\u53d7\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002\u5982\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u968f\u5176\u5b83\u90e8\u961f\u6cbf\u987a\u5ddd\u516c\u8def\u64a4\u9000\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ed3\u679c\u8c01\u4e5f\u8bf4\u4e0d\u51c6\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u53cd\u601d\u6b64\u4e8b\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u5982\u7387\u90e8\u8d70\u4e0a\u519b\u9685\u91cc\u2014\u987a\u5ddd\u516c\u8def\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u60f3\u50cf\u90a3\u4e9b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5904\u4e8e\u706b\u529b\u5939\u51fb\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u4f1a\u6709\u4f55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C. Sloane\uff09\u4e0a\u6821\uff0c\u90fd\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u786e\u5b9a\u51ef\u745f\u5c06\u519b\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u64a4\u9000\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u65af\u9686\u4e0a\u6821\u5f53\u65f6\u8f6c\u8fbe\u4e86\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7f57\u4f0a\u00b7\u827e\u6ce2\u66fc\u4e3a\u64b0\u5199\u9646\u519b\u6218\u53f2\u800c\u7814\u7a76\u6b64\u6b21\u4f5c\u6218\u65f6\uff0c\u5e08\u957f\u52a9\u7406\u65af\u62c9\u767b\u00b7\u5e03\u96f7\u5fb7\u5229\u51c6\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e66\u9762\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u627f\u8ba4\u5f53\u5e08\u957f\u4e0d\u5728\u65f6\u662f\u4ed6\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u64a4\u9000\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u5f17\u5170\u514b\u00b7\u6885\u65af\u624e\u5c14\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8bb0\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u7535\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u8c08\u8bdd\u3002\u5bfc\u81f4\u6b64\u4e8b\u51fa\u73b0\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u9a6c\u6b47\u5c14\uff08S. L. A. Marshal\uff09\u51c6\u5c06\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u9996\u4f4d\u64b0\u5199\u6b64\u6b21\u884c\u52a8\u8be6\u7ec6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u519b\u53f2\u4e13\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u58f0\u79f0\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u542b\u6df7\u4e0d\u6e05\u7684\u7535\u53f0\u901a\u8baf\u83b7\u5f97\u6279\u51c6\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u771f\u76f8\u5230\u5e95\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u6539\u9053\u5b89\u5dde\u516c\u8def\u64a4\u9000\u8fd9\u4e00\u9887\u5177\u6d6a\u6f2b\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u4e0e\u90e8\u4e0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7262\u56fa\u7ebd\u5e26\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ebd\u5e26\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u7b2c23\u56e2\u8001\u5175\u5fc3\u4e2d\u3002[31]<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u65e0\u8bba\u4f60\u505a\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u8d21\u732e\u548c\u727a\u7272\uff0c\u8c23\u8a00\u548c\u4e2d\u4f24\u4e00\u6837\u7d27\u8ffd\u7740\u4f60\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u4eba\u90fd\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u56e0\u6b64\u6000\u7591\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\u54c1\u8d28\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1.\u53c2\u89c1\u201c\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u53e3\u8ff0\u53f2\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4efd\u60c5\u62a5\u62a5\u544a\u5f15\u81ea\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u00b7C\u00b7\u95e8\u7f57\uff08Clark C. Munroe\uff09\u8457\u300a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u5175\u5e08\u5728\u671d\u9c9c\uff0c1950-51\u300b\uff08The Second Infantry Division in Korea,1950-51\uff09\uff0c1952\u5e74\u521d\u7248\uff1b\u7eb3\u4ec0\u7ef4\u5c14\uff1a\u70ae\u53f0\u51fa\u7248\u793e1992\u5e74\u518d\u7248\uff0cP51\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2.\u9664\u975e\u53e6\u6709\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u7684\u6750\u6599\u5747\u6765\u81ea\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7A\u00b7\u82f1\u683c\u91cc\u58eb\uff08John A. English\uff09\u7684\u6770\u4f5c\u300a\u6b65\u5175\u300b\uff08On Infantry\uff09\uff0c\u7ebd\u7ea6\uff1aPraeger\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1981\u5e74\u7248\uff0cP168-P184\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u65b9\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u671d\u9c9c\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u4f5c\u6218\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u8d44\u6599\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u5916\u4ea4\u3001\u6218\u4e89\u76ee\u7684\u3001\u52a8\u673a\u3001\u6218\u7565\u548c\u6218\u672f\u3002\u9664\u82f1\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u6458\u5f15\u4e86\u5176\u5b83\u56fd\u5bb6\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u6c11\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u53ef\u53c2\u770b\u300a\u671d\u9c9c\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u300b\uff08The Chinese People\u2019s Army of Liberation in the Korean War\uff09\uff0c\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\uff0c\u603b\u53c2\u8c0b\u90e8\uff0c926EMGFA\/2\/D\/S\/\uff1b\u9646\u519b\u603b\u53c2\u8c0b\u90e8\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u90e8\uff0c\u6587\u68ee\u65af\u5821\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\uff08Etat-Majordel\u2019Armeede Terre, Service Historique, Vincennes, France\uff09\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0EMAT\uff1b\u201c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u519b\u6cd5\u56fd\u8425\u5728\u671d\u9c9c\uff1a\u57ce\u5e02\u6b65\u5175\u201d\uff08Infanterie Metropolitaine, Battalion Francaisdel\u2019ONUenCoree\uff09\uff0cbox271\uff0cEMAT\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3.\u5f15\u81ea\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u519b\u961f\u300b\uff08Chinese People\u2019s Army\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4.\u53c2\u89c1\u6cd5\u56fd\u8425\u7b2c2\u8fde\u8fde\u957f\u4e8e\u6c99\uff08Huchard\uff09\u4e0a\u5c09\u7684\u8c08\u8bdd\uff0c\u672a\u6807\u660e\u65e5\u671f\uff1b\u539f\u6587\u7531\u70ed\u62c9\u5c14\u00b7\u5112\u5948\u7279\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u672c\u4e66\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u7559\u6709\u526f\u672c\uff1b\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u519b\u961f\u300b\uff08Chinese People\u2019s Army\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>5.\u53c2\u89c1\u300aATIS\u654c\u519b\u6587\u4ef6\u300b\uff08ATIS Enemy Documents\uff09\uff0cIssue11\uff0cP74-P82\uff0c1950\u5e7411\u670826\u65e5\u7531\u5357\u671d\u9c9c\u7b2c1\u5e08\u7f34\u83b7\uff0c\u5f15\u81ea\u827e\u6ce2\u66fc\u8457\u300a\u5357\u4e0b\u6d1b\u4e1c\u6c5f\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0cP720\u3002<\/p>\n<p>6.\u540c\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>7.\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u6bb5\u5173\u4e8e\u671d\u9c9c\u5bd2\u51b7\u6c14\u5019\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u636e\u5510\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7M\u00b7\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\uff08Donald M. Thomas\uff09\u8457\u300a\u671d\u9c9c\uff0c1950-1951\u300b\uff08Korea,1950-1951\uff09\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u4f5c\u8005\u4fdd\u5b58\u6709\u672a\u51fa\u7248\u6253\u5b57\u7a3f\uff1b\u7b2c23\u56e2\u519b\u533b\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u8c6a\u5c14\uff08Robert Hall\uff09\u4e0a\u5c09\u7684\u4fe1\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f5c\u8005\u672c\u4eba\u4e8e1980-1981\u5e74\u5728\u671d\u9c9c\u4efb\u8425\u957f\u65f6\u7684\u4eb2\u8eab\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>8.\u52a0\u70ed\u71c3\u6599\u7247\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u52a0\u70ed\u7f50\u5934\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u5982\u540c\u65b9\u7cd6\uff0c\u53ef\u71c3\u70e7\u4e94\u5206\u949f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>9.\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u53c2\u6218\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u53c2\u770b\u5e03\u83b1\u5c14\u8457\u300a\u88ab\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c7\u7ae0\u201c\u91cd\u5927\u5931\u7b56\u201d\u548c\u7b2c8\u7ae0\u201c\u707e\u96be\u548c\u64a4\u9000\u201d\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u9ea6\u514b\u963f\u745f\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u4e00\u610f\u5b64\u884c\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u53c2\u770bD\u00b7\u514b\u83b1\u987f\u00b7\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\uff08D. Clayton James\uff09\u5173\u4e8e\u9ea6\u514b\u963f\u745f\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u9ea6\u514b\u963f\u745f\u7684\u5c81\u6708\uff1a\u80dc\u5229\u548c\u707e\u96be\uff0c1945-1964\u300b\uff08The Years of MacArthur: Triumph and Disaster,1945-1964\uff09\uff0c\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\uff1a\u8c6a\u987f\u00b7\u7c73\u592b\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1985\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c15\u7ae0-\u7b2c18\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>10.\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u7b2c23\u6b65\u5175\u56e2\u6307\u6325\u62a5\u544a\uff0c1950\u5e7411\u6708\u4efd\u300b\uff1b\u201c\u5f17\u91cc\u66fc\u53e3\u8ff0\u53f2\u201d\uff1b\u5e03\u83b1\u5c14\u8457\u300a\u88ab\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u300b\uff0cP445\uff1b\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u8457\u300a\u671d\u9c9c\uff0c1950-51\u300b\uff0cP3\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u897f\u70b9\u6559\u6388\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6c49\u4f2f\u683c\u4e0a\u6821 \u6b63\u662f\u5728\u6d1b\u4e1c\u6c5f\u7554\uff0c\u7b2c23\u56e2\u7684\u58eb\u5175\u4eec\u6210\u957f\u4e3a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8001\u5175\u3002\u9053\u683c\u00b7\u683c\u96f7\u5c3c\u4e2d\u58eb\u56de\u5fc6\u4e86E [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[17],"tags":[5156,18702],"views":155,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63120"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=63120"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63120\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63128,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63120\/revisions\/63128"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=63120"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=63120"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=63120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}