{"id":63887,"date":"2026-01-25T16:43:11","date_gmt":"2026-01-25T08:43:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=63887"},"modified":"2026-01-25T16:43:47","modified_gmt":"2026-01-25T08:43:47","slug":"%e5%9c%a8%e7%ba%b3%e7%b2%b9%e5%a4%a7%e5%b1%a0%e6%9d%80%e7%9a%84%e9%98%b4%e5%bd%b1%e4%b8%8b%ef%bc%9a%e5%bd%93%e5%8f%97%e5%ae%b3%e8%80%85%e6%88%90%e4%ba%86%e5%8a%a0%e5%ae%b3%e8%80%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=63887","title":{"rendered":"\u5728\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u9634\u5f71\u4e0b\uff1a\u5f53\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u6210\u4e86\u52a0\u5bb3\u8005"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u67cf\u6797\u72b9\u592a\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u201c\u843d\u53f6\u201d\u5c55\u5385\u91cc\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u9762\u5b54\u5e03\u6ee1\u4e86\u5730\u677f\u3002\u56fe\u6e90\uff1aShutterstock<\/p>\n

2<\/p>\n

11\u67089\u65e5\uff0c\u4e3a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u201c\u6c34\u6676\u4e4b\u591c\u201d85\u5468\u5e74\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1aKristallnacht\uff0c\u6216\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u788e\u73bb\u7483\u4e4b\u591c\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u63071938\u5e7411\u67089\u65e5\u81f310\u65e5\u51cc\u6668\uff0c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u515a\u5458\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u53cd\u72b9\u6c11\u4f17\u4e0e\u51b2\u950b\u961f\u88ad\u51fb\u5fb7\u56fd\u5168\u5883\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e14\u515a\u536b\u961f\u3001\u8b66\u65b9\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7686\u51b7\u773c\u65c1\u89c2\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u624b\u963b\u6b62\u3002\u8fd9\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\uff09\uff0c\u67cf\u6797\u52c3\u5170\u767b\u5821\u95e8\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\u9996\u90fd\u67cf\u6797\u7684\u4e00\u5ea718\u4e16\u7eaa\u65b0\u53e4\u5178\u4e3b\u4e49\u98ce\u683c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7891\u3002\u5f53\u4ee3\u7684\u52c3\u5170\u767b\u5821\u95e8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u67cf\u6797\u53ca\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u4ee5\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e86\u67cf\u6797\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u6b27\u6d32\u4e43\u81f3\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u800c\u77e5\u540d\u3002\u5982\u4eca\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5fb7\u56fd\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u52a8\u8361\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u7edf\u4e00\u4e0e\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff09\u4e0a\u7528\u767d\u8272\u548c\u84dd\u8272\u6295\u5f71\u51fa\u4e00\u9897\u5927\u536b\u4e4b\u661f\u548c”Nie Wieder Ist Jetzt!”\u2014\u2014\u201c\u6c38\u4e0d\u91cd\u6f14\u5c31\u662f\u73b0\u5728\uff01\u201d\u7684\u5b57\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u5929\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u8bae\u9662\u6b63\u5728\u5ba1\u8bae\u4e00\u9879\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u5c65\u884c\u5386\u53f2\u8d23\u4efb\uff1a\u4fdd\u62a4\u5fb7\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u201d\u7684\u63d0\u6848\u3002\u8be5\u63d0\u6848\u5305\u542b50\u591a\u9879\u65e8\u5728\u6253\u51fb\u5fb7\u56fd\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u25cf \u9a71\u9010\u72af\u6709\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7f6a\u884c\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u25cf \u52a0\u5f3a\u6253\u51fb\u201d\u62b5\u5236\u3001\u64a4\u8d44\u3001\u5236\u88c1\u8fd0\u52a8\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1aB.D.S.\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0cBoycott,Divestment and Sanctions Movement\uff0c\u662f\u81ea2005\u5e74\u8d77\u7531\u82f1\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u5168\u7403\u6027\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5411\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u65bd\u538b\uff0c\u547c\u5401\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u653f\u5e9c\u505c\u6b62\u5360\u9886\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u56fd\u7684\u9886\u571f\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u88d4\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\u6743\u76ca\uff0c\u5e76\u5c0a\u91cd\u5c45\u4e8e\u6d77\u5916\u7684\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u6743\u3002\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6218\u7565\u4e8b\u52a1\u90e8\u79f0\u8be5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e3a\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5e76\u79ef\u6781\u5411\u6b27\u7f8e\u8bae\u5458\u6e38\u8bf4\u7acb\u6cd5\u53cd\u5236\uff09\u201d\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u25cf \u652f\u6301\u201c\u5176\u4f5c\u54c1\u6279\u8bc4\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u25cf \u5728\u8d44\u91d1\u548c\u8b66\u52a1\u51b3\u7b56\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f9d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5b9a\u4e49\u8d2f\u5f7b\u6267\u884c\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u25cf \u4ee5\u53ca\u52a0\u5f3a\u5fb7\u56fd\u548c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u519b\u961f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5fb7\u56fd\u526f\u603b\u7406\u3001\u7eff\u515a\u6210\u5458\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u54c8\u8d1d\u514b\uff08Robert Habeck\uff09\u5728\u65e9\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5e94\u8be5\u201c\u660e\u786e\u5730\u4e0e\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4fdd\u6301\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u635f\u5bb3\u81ea\u5df1\u83b7\u5f97\u5305\u5bb9\u7684\u6743\u5229\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u7eaa\u5ff5\u548c\u8ba8\u8bba\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

2008\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5efa\u56fd60\u5468\u5e74\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u65f6\u4efb\u603b\u7406\u5b89\u683c\u62c9\u00b7\u9ed8\u514b\u5c14\uff08Angela Merkel\uff09\u5728\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u8bae\u4f1a\u53d1\u8a00\u65f6\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5bf9\u4fdd\u5b58\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u8fd9\u4e00\u72ec\u7279\u5386\u53f2\u66b4\u884c\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u8d1f\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5bf9\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4e5f\u8d1f\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b58\u5728\u7406\u7531\uff08Staatsr\u00e4son\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5979\u63a5\u7740\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6001\u5ea6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u6bcf\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5173\u4e8e\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u3001\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6216\u53cd\u72b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u53cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u54c8\u8d1d\u514b\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u4e2d\u3002\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u2018\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b58\u5728\u7406\u7531\uff08Staatsr\u00e4son\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u2019\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u6765\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u53e5\u7a7a\u8bdd\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u4e5f\u7edd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u53e5\u7a7a\u8bdd\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\u4e5f\u5df2\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u8fa9\u8bba\u672c\u8eab\u9c9c\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\uff0c\u5374\u5e26\u6765\u5f02\u5e38\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

2016\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7eaa\u5ff5\u8054\u76df\uff08I.H.R.A.\uff09\u8fd9\u4e00\u653f\u5e9c\u95f4\u7ec4\u7ec7\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u201c\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u4ec7\u6068\u3002\u8a00\u8bba\u5c42\u9762\u548c\u80a2\u4f53\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u53cd\u72b9\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u9488\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6216\u975e\u72b9\u592a\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\/\u6216\u5176\u8d22\u4ea7\u3001\u9488\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u673a\u6784\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u8bbe\u65bd\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e49\u9644\u5e26\u670911\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\uff1a\u547c\u5401\u6740\u5bb3\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u4e3a\u6740\u5bb3\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u800c\u8fa9\u62a4\u3002\u53ef\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u58f0\u79f0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u56fd\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u79cd\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u4e0e\u7eb3\u7cb9\u653f\u7b56\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e49\u6ca1\u6709\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6548\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u975e\u540c\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u300225\u4e2a\u6b27\u76df\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba4\u53ef\u6216\u91c7\u7eb3\u4e86I.H.R.A.\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

2019\u5e74\uff0c\u5510\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u7279\u6717\u666e\u603b\u7edf\uff08Donald Trump\uff09\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u4ee5I.H.R.A.\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u5b66\u751f\u514d\u53d7\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f24\u5bb3\u7684\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u6263\u7559\u8054\u90a6\u8d44\u91d1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eca\u5e7412\u67085\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f17\u8bae\u9662\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u4e0d\u5177\u7ea6\u675f\u529b\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\uff0c\u4f9d\u636eI.H.R.A.\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u8c34\u8d23\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u51b3\u8bae\u662f\u7531\u4e24\u540d\u72b9\u592a\u88d4\u5171\u548c\u515a\u4ee3\u8868\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u6570\u540d\u6709\u540d\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u88d4\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4eba\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5dde\u7684\u6770\u91cc\u00b7\u7eb3\u5fb7\u52d2\uff08Jerry Nadler\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

2020\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u7fa4\u5b66\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u300a\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u3002\u8be5\u5ba3\u8a00\u5c06\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u9488\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff08\u6216\u72b9\u592a\u673a\u6784\uff09\u7684\u6b67\u89c6\u3001\u504f\u89c1\u3001\u654c\u610f\u6216\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u53ea\u56e0\u5176\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff08\u6216\u72b9\u592a\u7684\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\u53cd\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u4e0e\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u8457\u540d\u5b66\u8005\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u5ba3\u8a00\u7684\u8d77\u8349\uff0c\u5b83\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9I.H.R.A.\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u957f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

2021\u5e74\uff0c\u6b27\u76df\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u201c\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u201dI.H.R.A.\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u624b\u518c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5728\u57f9\u8bad\u6267\u6cd5\u4eba\u5458\u8bc6\u522b\u4ec7\u6068\u72af\u7f6a\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6\u68c0\u5bdf\u5b98\u3001\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u534f\u8c03\u5458\u6216\u4e13\u5458\u7684\u804c\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

2018\u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u4e13\u5458\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5dde\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u4e00\u7ea7\u7684\u4e13\u5458\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u5728\u68c0\u5bdf\u5b98\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u6216\u8b66\u5bdf\u5206\u5c40\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u90a3\u65f6\u8d77\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u53cd\u72b9\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u5730\u5728\u4e0a\u5347\uff1a2019\u5e74\u8d85\u8fc72000\u8d77\uff0c2021\u5e74\u8d85\u8fc73000\u8d77\uff0c\u800c\u6839\u636e\u4e00\u4e2a\u76d1\u6d4b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5728\u54c8\u9a6c\u65af\u88ad\u51fb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u5185\u53cd\u72b9\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u9707\u60ca\u7684994\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57\u5c06\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u6240\u79f0\u7684\u201c\u4e0e\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6709\u5173\u7684\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08Israelbezogener Antisemitismus\uff09\u201d\u4e0e\u66b4\u529b\u88ad\u51fb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6df7\u6742\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n

\u524d\u8005\u5982\u6279\u8bc4\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u653f\u5e9c\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u8005\u59822019\u5e74\u5728\u54c8\u52d2\uff08Halle\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u8d77\u4f01\u56fe\u5411\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u5802\u5f00\u67aa\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u8be5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9020\u6210\u4e24\u540d\u65c1\u89c2\u8005\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff1b2022\u5e74\u5728\u57c3\u68ee\uff08Essen\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5411\u4e00\u540d\u524d\u62c9\u6bd4\u5bb6\u5f00\u67aa\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eca\u5e74\u79cb\u5929\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5411\u67cf\u6797\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u5802\u6295\u63b7\u4e24\u679a\u81ea\u5236\u71c3\u70e7\u5f39\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u6709\u6570\u5341\u540d\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e13\u5458\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6ca1\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8bf4\u660e\u6216\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5de5\u4f5c\u5185\u5bb9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f\u516c\u5f00\u7f9e\u8fb1\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u201c\u5c06\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u53bb\u7279\u6b8a\u5316\u201d\u6216\u6279\u8bc4\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u59d4\u5458\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u653b\u51fb\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6bd4\u4f8b\u65e0\u7591\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u62e5\u6709\u5fb7\u56fd\u548c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u53cc\u91cd\u56fd\u7c4d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u6469\u897f\u00b7\u624e\u514b\uff08Moshe Zuckermann\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u56e0\u4e3a\u652f\u6301B.D.S.\u8fd0\u52a8\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5357\u975e\u72b9\u592a\u6444\u5f71\u5e08\u4e9a\u5f53\u00b7\u5e03\u9686\u4f2f\u683c\uff08Adam Broomberg\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

2019\u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u8bae\u9662\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u51b3\u8bae\uff0c\u8c34\u8d23B.D.S.\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u8bae\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u5411\u4e0eB.D.S.\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u673a\u6784\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d44\u91d1\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5fb7\u56fd\u300a\u57fa\u672c\u6cd5\u300b\u5e76\u672a\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u63d0\u4f9b\u7edd\u5bf9\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u6b27\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5b83\u786e\u5b9e\u627f\u8bfa\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u65b0\u95fb\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u827a\u672f\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u6559\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u6709\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u5982\u679cB.D.S.\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\u6210\u4e3a\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u8fdd\u5baa\u3002\u4f46\u8be5\u51b3\u8bae\u5c1a\u672a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u51b3\u8bae\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5177\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e00\u8d2f\u7684\u6177\u6168\uff1a\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9986\u3001\u5c55\u89c8\u3001\u4f1a\u8bae\u3001\u8282\u65e5\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u5316\u6d3b\u52a8\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u6216\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8d44\u52a9\u3002\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u574e\u8fea\u65af\u00b7\u5e03\u96f7\u8328\uff08Candice Breitz\uff09\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u8425\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002\u6bcf\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u9080\u8bf7\u67d0\u4eba\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\uff08\u8d44\u52a9\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\uff09\u5728\u8c37\u6b4c\u4e0a\u548c\u2018B.D.S.\u2019\u3001\u2018\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u2019\u3001\u2018\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u2019\u4e00\u8d77\u68c0\u7d22\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

3<\/p>\n

\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u5e03\u96f7\u8328\uff08\u5176\u827a\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\u6d89\u53ca\u79cd\u65cf\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u548c\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7\u7f57\u65af\u4f2f\u683c\uff08Michael Rothberg\uff0c\u5176\u5728\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u62c5\u4efb\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7814\u7a76\u6559\u5e2d\uff09\u66fe\u8bd5\u56fe\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e00\u573a\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8c08\u8c08\uff08We Need to Talk\uff09\u201d\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u96c6\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u7ea6\u4e00\u5c0f\u65f6\u540e\uff0c\u8b66\u5bdf\u6084\u6084\u7a7f\u8fc7\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6536\u4e86\u4e00\u5f20\u7eb8\u677f\u6d77\u62a5\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u5199\u7740\u201c\u4ece\u6cb3\u6d41\u5230\u5927\u6d77\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6c42\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u201d\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1afrom the river to the sea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u653f\u6cbb\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u6307\u4ece\u7ea6\u65e6\u6cb3\u5230\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6240\u6709\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u73b0\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u548c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6240\u6709\u9886\u571f\u3002\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u5404\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5728\u53d1\u8a00\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u5728\u652f\u6301\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u7684\u793a\u5a01\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u6e38\u884c\u8005\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u5e76\u5e38\u5e38\u4e0e\u201c\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\u81ea\u7531\u201d[Palestine will be free]\u5171\u540c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\uff09\u5e26\u6765\u6d77\u62a5\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u72b9\u592a\u5987\u5973\u3002<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

4<\/p>\n

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\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u63d0\u8d77\u5b83\u3002\u5b89\u5a1c\u81ea\u5df1\u76f4\u5230\u6210\u5e74\u540e\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u5e78\u5b58\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u5979\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u6025\u4e8e\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b\u544a\u8bc9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u548c\u6211\u5e74\u9f84\u76f8\u4eff\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53bb\u6ce2\u5170\u662f\u572890\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8c03\u67e5\u6211\u66fe\u7956\u7236\u7684\u5384\u8fd0\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u6bd4\u4e9a\u97e6\u65af\u6258\u514b\u9694\u90fd\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1aBia\u0142ystok Ghetto\uff0c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u4e8e1941\u5e74\u5728\u6ce2\u5170\u5360\u9886\u533a\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u9694\u90fd\uff0c1943\u5e74\u5176\u5c45\u6c11\u88ab\u8fd0\u5f80\u706d\u7edd\u8425\uff0c\u4ec5\u6570\u767e\u4eba\u5e78\u5b58\uff09\u5446\u4e86\u8fd1\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5728\u9a6c\u4f0a\u8fbe\u5185\u514b\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1aMajdanek\uff0c\u6ce2\u5170\u4e00\u5904\u706d\u7edd\u8425\u6240\u5728\u5730\uff09\u88ab\u6740\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5173\u4e8e\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e4b\u6218\u5728\u6ce2\u5170\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4e89\u6267\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u5728\u4e24\u56fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u6027\u7279\u5f81\u662f\uff0c\u53f3\u7ffc\u653f\u5ba2\u4e0e\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e00\u540c\u53c2\u4e0e\u5176\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e00\u6837\uff0c90\u5e74\u4ee3\u52302000\u5e74\u524d\u540e\uff0c\u6ce2\u5170\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u5c42\u9762\u90fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5b8f\u4f1f\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u6c89\u5bc2\u3002\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u535a\u7269\u9986\u548c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7891\uff0c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u5728\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u4e2d\u4e27\u751f\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff08\u5728\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u4e2d\uff0c\u534a\u6570\u7684\u9047\u96be\u8005\u4e27\u751f\u4e8e\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5360\u9886\u4e0b\u7684\u6ce2\u5170\uff09\u53ca\u968f\u4e4b\u6d88\u5931\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u6587\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u5bf9\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u548c2015\u5e74\u53f3\u7ffc\u3001\u4e0d\u5f00\u660e\u7684\u201c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0e\u516c\u6b63\u515a\u201d\uff08Law and Justice Party\uff09\u7684\u4e0a\u53f0\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u73b0\u5728\u60f3\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff1a\u5728\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5360\u9886\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f53\u65f6\u8bd5\u56fe\u4fdd\u62a4\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u514d\u53d7\u7eb3\u7cb9\u4f24\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u5728\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u4e2d\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5374\u906d\u5230\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u6ce2\u5170\u3001\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u626c\u00b7\u6258\u9a6c\u897f\u00b7\u683c\u7f57\u65af\uff08Jan Tomasz Gross\uff09\u906d\u5230\u5ba1\u8baf\uff0c\u8fd8\u88ab\u5a01\u80c1\u8d77\u8bc9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u64b0\u6587\u79f0\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u6740\u5bb3\u7684\u6ce2\u5170\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6bd4\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u591a\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u4ed6\u9000\u4f11\u540e\uff0c\u6ce2\u5170\u5f53\u5c40\u4ecd\u7a77\u8ffd\u4e0d\u820d\u3002\u534e\u6c99\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u6ce2\u5170\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5386\u53f2\u535a\u7269\u9986polin\uff0c\u5176\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u8fbe\u67f3\u4ec0\u00b7\u65af\u6258\u62c9\uff08Dariusz Stola\uff09\u88ab\u653f\u5e9c\u6392\u6324\u8d70\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u626c\u00b7\u683c\u62c9\u535a\u592b\u65af\u57fa\uff08Jan Grabowski\uff09\u548c\u82ad\u82ad\u62c9\u00b7\u6069\u683c\u5c14\u91d1\uff08Barbara Engelking\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u64b0\u6587\u79f0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ce2\u5170\u6751\u5e84\u7684\u6751\u957f\u66fe\u662f\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u62d6\u4e0a\u6cd5\u5ead\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u6211\u64b0\u5199\u6709\u5173\u683c\u62c9\u535a\u592b\u65af\u57fa\u548c\u6069\u683c\u5217\u91d1\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u4eba\u751f\u4e2d\u6700\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5a01\u80c1\uff08\u6211\u6536\u5230\u8fc7\u5f88\u591a\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u591a\u6570\u90fd\u8bb0\u4e0d\u4f4f\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u5c01\u53d1\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u90ae\u7bb1\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7ee7\u7eed\u5199\u5173\u4e8e\u6ce2\u5170\u548c\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u7684\u8c0e\u8a00\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b50\u5f39\u6253\u5230\u4f60\u7684\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u8bf7\u770b\u9644\u4ef6\uff01\u4e24\u8fb9\u819d\u76d6\u9aa8\u5404\u4e94\u9897\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f60\u5c31\u518d\u4e5f\u8d70\u4e0d\u4e86\u8def\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7ee7\u7eed\u6563\u5e03\u4f60\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u4ec7\u6068\uff0c\u6211\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4f1a\u671d\u4f60\u7684\u9634\u90e8\u62535\u9897\u5b50\u5f39\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u4f60\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u522b\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0b\u5468\u6216\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\u5c31\u6765\u627e\u4f60\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5728\u4f60\u5fd8\u8bb0\u8fd9\u5c01\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u4e94\u5e74\u540e\u3002\u4f60\u5c31\u5728\u6211\u7684\u540d\u5355\u4e0a\u2026\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

\u9644\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u5f20\u7167\u7247\uff1a\u4e00\u53ea\u624b\u638c\u4e0a\u653e\u7740\u4e24\u9897\u95ea\u4eae\u7684\u5b50\u5f39\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5965\u65af\u5a01\u8f9b-\u6bd4\u514b\u7459\u56fd\u7acb\u535a\u7269\u9986\uff08Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum\uff09\u53d1\u63a8\u8c34\u8d23\u6211\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5176\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u7531\u6ce2\u5170\u653f\u5e9c\u59d4\u4efb\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5927\u4f1a\uff08World Jewish Congress\uff09\u4e5f\u53d1\u63a8\u8c34\u8d23\u6211\u3002\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5b66\u6f14\u8bb2\u9080\u8bf7\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6821\u65b9\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u7ecf\u7eaa\u4eba\uff0c\u8bf4\u6211\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u53cd\u72b9\u5206\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5185\u5854\u5c3c\u4e9a\u80e1\u6b63\u5728\u4e0e\u4e2d\u6b27\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u5f00\u660e\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u6ce2\u5170\u548c\u5308\u7259\u5229\uff09\u5efa\u7acb\u8054\u76df\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u963b\u6b62\u6b27\u76df\u5f62\u6210\u53cd\u5bf9\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1a\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5bf9\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u7684\uff09\u5360\u9886\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u613f\u610f\u5c31\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u6492\u8c0e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u5e74\uff0c\u6570\u4ee5\u4e07\u8ba1\u7684\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5728\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6bd5\u4e1a\u524d\u8d74\u5965\u65af\u5a01\u8f9b\u96c6\u4e2d\u8425\u535a\u7269\u9986\u53c2\u89c2\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53bb\u5e74\u7684\u53c2\u89c2\u65c5\u884c\u56e0\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6ce2\u5170\u653f\u5e9c\u65e5\u76ca\u575a\u6301\u8981\u628a\u6ce2\u5170\u4eba\u5bf9\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u62b9\u53bb\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u4e4b\u65c5\uff0c\u5c31\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u53c2\u519b\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u4e24\u5e74\u3002\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u53cd\u5360\u9886\u5021\u8bae\u56e2\u4f53\u201c\u6253\u7834\u6c89\u9ed8\u201d\uff08Breaking the Silence\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u8bfa\u59c6\u00b7\u67e5\u5c24\u7279\uff08Noam Chayut\uff09\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e90\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9ad8\u4e2d\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u6b64\u523b\uff0c\u5728\u6ce2\u5170\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u8fd8\u5728\u8bfb\u9ad8\u4e2d\u7684\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u4f53\u4f1a\u5230\u5f52\u5c5e\u611f\u3001\u81ea\u7231\u3001\u529b\u91cf\u548c\u81ea\u8c6a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u8d21\u732e\u3001\u6d3b\u4e0b\u53bb\u548c\u53d8\u5f3a\u7684\u6e34\u671b\uff0c\u6211\u6e34\u671b\u81ea\u5df1\u5f3a\u5230\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u80c6\u6562\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f24\u5bb3\u6211\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u5c24\u7279\u5e26\u7740\u8fd9\u79cd\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u670d\u5f79\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u6d3e\u9a7b\u5230\u88ab\u5360\u9886\u7684\u7ea6\u65e6\u6cb3\u897f\u5cb8\u3002\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u6b63\u5728\u5f20\u8d34\u623f\u4ea7\u6ca1\u6536\u901a\u77e5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u9644\u8fd1\u73a9\u3002\u67e5\u5c24\u7279\u5bf9\uff08\u5176\u4e2d\uff09\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5973\u5b69\u7b11\u4e86\u7b11\u3002\u4ed6\u5f53\u65f6\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5fae\u7b11\u4eb2\u5207\u800c\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u5a01\u80c1\u6027\u3002\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u56db\u6563\u8dd1\u5f00\uff0c\u4f46\u90a3\u4e2a\u5973\u5b69\u6123\u5728\u90a3\u3001\u6781\u5ea6\u6050\u60e7\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5979\u4e5f\u8f6c\u8eab\u8dd1\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u5f53\u67e5\u5c24\u7279\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u8bb2\u8ff0\u8fd9\u6b21\u906d\u9047\u4fc3\u6210\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5973\u5b69\uff0c\u201c\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u94d0\u5728\u5409\u666e\u8f66\u91cc\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5973\u5b69\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6df1\u591c\u95ef\u5165\u5979\u5bb6\uff0c\u6293\u8d70\u4e86\u5979\u7684\u5988\u5988\u548c\u59e8\u5988\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u51e0\u767e\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u7ffb\u627e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u623f\u95f4\u548c\u4e1c\u897f\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c16\u53eb\u548c\u54ed\u6ce3\u7740\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6765\u81ea\u6770\u5b81\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1aJenin\uff0c\u7ea6\u65e6\u6cb3\u897f\u5cb8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\uff09\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u70b8\u836f\u70b8\u4ed6\u5bb6\u7684\u5899\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u5934\u4e0a\u4ec5\u51e0\u5398\u7c73\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u70b8\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d1e\u3002\u5947\u8ff9\u822c\u5730\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u4f24\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u6562\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u542c\u529b\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u90fd\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u635f\u4f24\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u90a3\u5929\uff0c\u4ece\u90a3\u4e2a\u5973\u5b69\u7684\u773c\u775b\u91cc\uff0c\u67e5\u5c24\u7279\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u6bc1\u706d\u6027\u7684\u6076\u7684\u5012\u5f71\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u957f\u671f\u88ab\u704c\u8f93\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u90aa\u6076\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e1933\u5e74\u81f31945\u5e74\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u7eb3\u7cb9\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u67e5\u5c24\u7279\u5c06\u4ed6\u7684\u4e66\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u5077\u8d70\u6211\u7684\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u5973\u5b69\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

5<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4ece\u6ce2\u5170\u8fb9\u5883\u4e58\u706b\u8f66\u524d\u5f80\u57fa\u8f85\u30021941\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u77ed\u77ed36\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\uff0c\u8fd13.4\u4e07\u540d\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5728\u57fa\u8f85\u5e02\u90ca\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u5ce1\u8c37\u5a18\u5b50\u8c37\uff08Babyn Yar\uff09\u906d\u67aa\u6740\u3002\u6218\u4e89\u7ed3\u675f\u524d\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u6570\u4e07\u4eba\u6b7b\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u5b50\u5f39\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u201d\u3002\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1athe Holocaust by bullets\uff0c\u6307\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5fb7\u56fd\u53ca\u5176\u76df\u53cb\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u4ece\u82cf\u8054\u593a\u53d6\u7684\u9886\u571f\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u67aa\u6740\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u67aa\u6740\u884c\u52a8\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u5c60\u6740\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u6740\u5bb3\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u591a\u8fbe200\u4e07\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n

\u53d1\u751f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u5982\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u3001\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u3001\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\uff09\u5728\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u53c8\u88ab\u82cf\u8054\u91cd\u65b0\u6b96\u6c11\u3002\u5f02\u89c1\u4eba\u58eb\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u6587\u5316\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\u5192\u7740\u5931\u53bb\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60b2\u5267\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u53e3\u8ff0\u8bc1\u8bcd\u548c\u59d3\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4eb2\u81ea\u6253\u626b\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u5c60\u6740\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u73b0\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u540e\uff0c\u7eaa\u5ff5\uff08\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\uff09\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0e\u52a0\u5165\u6b27\u76df\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u76f8\u968f\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u6258\u5c3c\u00b7\u6731\u7279\uff08Tony Judt\uff09\u57282005\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u6218\u540e\u6b27\u6d32\u53f2\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u627f\u8ba4\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5f80\u5f53\u4ee3\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u5165\u95e8\u5238\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c2002\u5e74\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u62c9\u8131\u7ef4\u4e9a\u52a0\u5165\u6b27\u76df\u7684\u4e24\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u5ea7\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7891\u5728\u91cc\u52a0\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1aRiga\uff0c\u62c9\u8131\u7ef4\u4e9a\u9996\u90fd\uff09\u90ca\u5916\u7684\u4f26\u5e03\u62c9\u68ee\u6797\uff08Rumbula forest\uff0c1941\u5e74\uff0c\u7ea6\u67092.5\u4e07\u540d\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5728\u6b64\u9047\u5bb3\uff09\u63ed\u5e55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u5728\u4e4c\u514b\u51702014\u5e74\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d70\u4e0a\u4e86\u96c4\u5fc3\u52c3\u52c3\u5730\u671d\u7740\u6b27\u76df\u524d\u8fdb\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u5a18\u5b50\u8c37\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u52aa\u529b\u4e5f\u5728\u8fd9\u65f6\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u57282022\u5e742\u6708\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5165\u4fb5\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u5de5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7fa4\u7684\u5b8f\u4f1f\u8ba1\u5212\u4e5f\u5df2\u5c31\u7eea\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u65bd\u5de5\u6682\u505c\u4e86\u3002\u5168\u9762\u6218\u4e89\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u5468\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u679a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5bfc\u5f39\u76f4\u63a5\u843d\u5728\u4e86\u7eaa\u5ff5\u9986\u5efa\u7b51\u7fa4\u65c1\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u81f3\u5c11\u56db\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u81ea\u90a3\u65f6\u8d77\uff0c\u4e0e\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u6709\u5173\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6218\u4e89\u7f6a\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\u5c0f\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u8d62\u5f97\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5bf9\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u603b\u7edf\u5f17\u62c9\u57fa\u7c73\u5c14\u00b7\u6cfd\u8fde\u65af\u57fa\uff08Volodymyr Zelensky\uff09\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u90d1\u91cd\u5176\u4e8b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52a8\u30022022\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u8bae\u4f1a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u6f14\u8bb2\u3002\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u5f3a\u8c03\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u8840\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u91cd\u70b9\u8bb2\u4e86\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u548c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u4ed6\u660e\u786e\u5730\u5c06\u666e\u4eac\u653f\u6743\u4e0e\u7eb3\u7cb9\u515a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u58f0\u79f0\uff0c\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u6551\u8fc7\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u3002\uff08\u548c\u6ce2\u5170\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u58f0\u79f0\u8fd9\u79cd\u63f4\u52a9\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u90fd\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u5728\u6ce2\u5170\u7684\u53f3\u7ffc\u653f\u5e9c\u90a3\u91cc\u594f\u6548\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5e76\u672a\u7ed9\u4eb2\u6b27\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u603b\u7edf\u5e26\u6765\u597d\u5904\u3002\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6ca1\u6709\u5411\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b83\u5728\u5bf9\u4fc4\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u4e5e\u6c42\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u516c\u5f00\u652f\u6301\u54c8\u9a6c\u65af\u548c\u771f\u4e3b\u515a\u3002\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1a\u771f\u4e3b\u515a\uff0cHezbollah\uff0c\u9ece\u5df4\u5ae9\u7684\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u519b\u4e8b\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u57281982\u5e74\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5165\u4fb5\u9ece\u5df4\u5ae9\u540e\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u5305\u62ec\u6d88\u706d\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\uff0c\u548c\u628a\u897f\u65b9\u52bf\u529b\u9010\u51fa\u9ece\u5df4\u5ae9\u3002\u8be5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d7\u5230\u4f0a\u6717\u8d44\u52a9\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n

\u572810\u67087\u65e5\u88ad\u51fb\u524d\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u53ef\u80fd\u542c\u5230\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed\u8bed\u4ecd\u662f\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u548c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4e00\u6837\u201d\u3002\u653f\u5ba2\u3001\u8bb0\u8005\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u666e\u901a\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u8ba4\u540c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u8bb2\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u5c0f\u800c\u6709\u529b\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e4b\u5c9b\uff0c\u575a\u5b9a\u5730\u62b5\u5fa1\u7740\u5305\u56f4\u5b83\u7684\u654c\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u5de6\u7ffc\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u6b63\u5728\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5360\u9886\u56fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u573a\u53cd\u6b96\u6c11\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u5b83\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u8eab\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u58f0\u97f3\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u81ea\u6b63\u5728\u6216\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u56fd\u5916\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u3002\u54c8\u9a6c\u65af\u88ad\u51fb\u540e\uff0c\u6cfd\u8fde\u65af\u57fa\u5e0c\u671b\u8d76\u8d74\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\uff0c\u4ee5\u793a\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u548c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u652f\u6301\u548c\u56e2\u7ed3\u3002\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5f53\u5c40\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53e6\u6709\u6253\u7b97\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4e00\u76f4\u8bd5\u56fe\u8ba9\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u627f\u8ba4\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5fb7\u56fd\u79cd\u65cf\u706d\u7edd\u5f0f\u7684\u4fb5\u7565\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u83b7\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u800c\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u5374\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u5c06\u6cfd\u8fde\u65af\u57fa\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u519b\u961f\u548c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u6c11\u63cf\u7ed8\u6210\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5206\u5b50\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba3\u4f20\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u662f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5386\u53f2\u795e\u8bdd\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u5f17\u62c9\u57fa\u7c73\u5c14\u00b7\u666e\u4eac\u6267\u653f\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6279\u6218\u4e89\u4eb2\u5386\u8005\u7684\u79bb\u4e16\uff0c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6d3b\u52a8\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u6b4c\u9882\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u72c2\u6b22\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u5728\u90a3\u573a\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u81f3\u5c11\u5931\u53bb\u4e862700\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u5c24\u5176\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81ea1945\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u548c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u6253\u4ed7\uff0c\u4f46\u201c\u6218\u4e89\u201d\u4f9d\u65e7\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\uff0c\u201c\u654c\u4eba\u201d\u5219\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u201c\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u201d\u6216\u201c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u201d\u4e92\u6362\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u666e\u4eac\u5728\u5ba3\u5e03\u65b0\u7684\u4e00\u573a\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u628a\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u6253\u626e\u6210\u7eb3\u7cb9\u7684\u6837\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5185\u5854\u5c3c\u4e9a\u80e1\u5c06\u54c8\u9a6c\u65af\u5728\u97f3\u4e50\u8282\u4e0a\u7684\u8c0b\u6740\u6bd4\u4f5c\u201c\u5b50\u5f39\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u88ab\u5305\u62ec\u62dc\u767b\u603b\u7edf\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u6240\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5316\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4e3a\u5bf9\u52a0\u6c99\u5c45\u6c11\u5b9e\u65bd\u96c6\u4f53\u60e9\u7f5a\u627e\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u5f53\u666e\u4eac\u63d0\u5230\u201c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u201d\u6216\u201c\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u653f\u5e9c\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6709\u7406\u7531\u5bf9\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u57ce\u5e02\u8fdb\u884c\u5730\u6bef\u5f0f\u8f70\u70b8\u548c\u56f4\u56f0\uff0c\u5e76\u6740\u5bb3\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u5e73\u6c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u5927\u5dee\u5f02\uff1a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u58f0\u79f0\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u5148\u653b\u51fb\u4e86\u5b83\uff0c\u8fd8\u628a\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u653f\u5e9c\u63cf\u7ed8\u6210\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u5f20\u90fd\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff1b\u800c\u54c8\u9a6c\u65af\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u86ee\u6a2a\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u653b\u51fb\u4e86\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u72af\u4e0b\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u66b4\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u662f\u7ed9\u6740\u5bb3\u513f\u7ae5\u627e\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5dee\u5f02\u8fd8\u91cd\u8981\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5168\u9762\u5165\u4fb5\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u5934\u51e0\u5468\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u519b\u961f\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u57fa\u8f85\u897f\u90ca\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u57fa\u8f85\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u535a\u7269\u9986\u9986\u957f\u5c24\u91cc\u00b7\u8428\u592b\u4e18\u514b\uff08Yurii Savchuk\uff09\u5c31\u4f4f\u5728\u535a\u7269\u9986\u91cc\uff0c\u6b63\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u6838\u5fc3\u5c55\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u519b\u961f\u5c06\u4fc4\u519b\u8d76\u51fa\u57fa\u8f85\u5730\u533a\u540e\u7684\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u89c1\u4e86\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u603b\u53f8\u4ee4\u74e6\u5217\u91cc\u00b7\u624e\u5362\u65e5\u5c3c\uff08Valerii Zaluzhny\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5f00\u59cb\u6536\u96c6\u6587\u7269\u7684\u8bb8\u53ef\u3002\u8428\u592b\u4e18\u514b\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u524d\u5f80\u5e03\u67e5\uff08Bucha\uff09\u3001\u4f0a\u5c14\u5e73\uff08Irpin\uff09\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u521a\u521a\u88ab\u201c\u89e3\u9664\u5360\u9886\u201d\uff08\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u73b0\u5728\u5e38\u5e38\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\uff09\u7684\u57ce\u9547\uff0c\u91c7\u8bbf\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c1a\u672a\u8bb2\u8ff0\u81ea\u5df1\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u90a3\u662f\u5728\u6316\u6398\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u846c\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u9762\u76ee\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u6709\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u3002\u6050\u60e7\u3001\u6050\u6016\u5f25\u6f2b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e00\u547c\u4e00\u5438\u95f4\u5438\u6536\u7740\u5b83\u3002\u201d\u8428\u592b\u4e18\u514b\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u3002<\/p>\n

2022\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e3e\u529e\u4e86\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u2013\u53d7\u96be\u201d\u7684\u65b0\u5c55\u89c8\u3002\u5c55\u89c8\u7531\u5c55\u793a\u8428\u592b\u4e18\u514b\u56e2\u961f\u4e4b\u524d\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u58eb\u5175\u7684\u9774\u5b50\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fa\u4eba\u610f\u6599\u7684\u98a0\u5012\uff1a\u5965\u65af\u5a01\u8f9b\u96c6\u4e2d\u8425\u535a\u7269\u9986\u548c\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7279\u533a\u7684\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u535a\u7269\u9986\uff0c\u90fd\u5c55\u51fa\u4e86\u51e0\u767e\u6216\u51e0\u5343\u53cc\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u978b\u5b50\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u8868\u8fbe\u7740\u635f\u5931\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53ea\u80fd\u4f53\u73b0\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u8f85\u7684\u5c55\u89c8\uff0c\u5219\u5c55\u793a\u7740\u6050\u6016\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9774\u5b50\u6309\u7167\u4e94\u89d2\u661f\u7684\u56fe\u6848\u6446\u653e\u5728\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u5730\u677f\u4e0a\u3002\u4e94\u89d2\u661f\u662f\u7ea2\u519b\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5728\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u5f97\u548c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u4e07\u5b57\u7b26\u4e00\u6837\u90aa\u6076\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eca\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u5e7f\u573a\u4e0a\uff0c\u57fa\u8f85\u62c6\u9664\u4e86\u4e00\u5ea7\u4e8c\u6218\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7891\u4e0a\u7684\u4e94\u89d2\u661f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ed9\u5e7f\u573a\u6539\u4e86\u540d\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u80dc\u5229\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u8ba9\u4eba\u8054\u60f3\u8d77\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5bf9\u201c\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u536b\u56fd\u6218\u4e89\u201d\u7684\u5e86\u795d\u3002\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eca\u5929\u4ecd\u8fd9\u6837\u79f0\u547c\u8fd9\u573a\u6218\u4e89\u3002\u8fd9\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\u8fd8\u5c06\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7891\u4e0a\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u4ece\u201c1941-1945\u201d\u2014\u2014\u82cf\u5fb7\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u2014\u2014\u6539\u4e3a\u201c1939-1945\u201d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7891\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7891\u5730\u4fee\u6b63\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002<\/p>\n

6<\/p>\n

1954\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6cd5\u9662\u5ba1\u7406\u4e86\u4e00\u8d77\u8bfd\u8c24\u6848\uff0c\u6d89\u6848\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u540d\u53eb\u4f0a\u65af\u96f7\u5c14\u00b7\u5361\u65af\u7279\u7eb3\uff08Israel Kastner\uff09\u7684\u5308\u7259\u5229\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u3002\u5341\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5360\u9886\u7740\u5308\u7259\u5229\uff0c\u5e76\u59d7\u59d7\u6765\u8fdf\u5730\u8981\u5306\u5fd9\u5b9e\u65bd\u5bf9\u5f53\u5730\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u9886\u8896\uff0c\u5361\u65af\u7279\u7eb3\u4e0e\u963f\u9053\u592b\u00b7\u827e\u5e0c\u66fc\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1aAdolf Eichmann\uff0c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5fb7\u56fd\u524d\u7eb3\u7cb9\u515a\u536b\u519b\u4e2d\u6821\uff0c\u4e8c\u6218\u9488\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8d23\u4efb\u4eba\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u6267\u884c\u201c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u95ee\u9898\u6700\u7ec8\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u201d\uff09\u672c\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8c08\u5224\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5361\u65af\u7279\u7eb3\u63d0\u8bae\u7528\u4e00\u4e07\u8f86\u5361\u8f66\u4e70\u4e0b\u5308\u7259\u5229\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u6027\u547d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8ba1\u5212\u5931\u8d25\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u901a\u8fc7\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u7528\u5305\u79df\u7684\u706b\u8f66\u5c061685\u4eba\u8fd0\u5f80\u745e\u58eb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u4f4f\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6027\u547d\u3002\u6570\u5341\u4e07\u5176\u4ed6\u5308\u7259\u5229\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u88ab\u88c5\u4e0a\u706b\u8f66\uff0c\u9001\u5f80\u6b7b\u4ea1\u96c6\u4e2d\u8425\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u540d\u5308\u7259\u5229\u72b9\u592a\u5e78\u5b58\u8005\u516c\u5f00\u6307\u8d23\u5361\u65af\u7279\u7eb3\u4e0e\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u5361\u65af\u7279\u7eb3\u4ee5\u8bfd\u8c24\u7f6a\u63d0\u8d77\u8bc9\u8bbc\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5374\u53d1\u73b0\u53d7\u5ba1\u7684\u662f\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\uff0c\u5361\u65af\u7279\u7eb3\u201c\u628a\u7075\u9b42\u51fa\u5356\u7ed9\u4e86\u9b54\u9b3c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u201c\u9732\u5929\u76d1\u72f1\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u57282010\u5e74\u65f6\u7531\u65f6\u4efb\u82f1\u56fd\u9996\u76f8\u6234\u7ef4\u00b7\u5361\u6885\u4f26\uff08David Cameron\uff0c\u4ed6\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u5927\u81e3\uff09\u521b\u9020\u7684\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u8bb0\u5f55\u52a0\u6c99\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u7ec4\u7ec7\u90fd\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u88ab\u5360\u9886\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u9694\u90fd\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u52a0\u6c99\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u76d1\u72f1\u770b\u5b88\u3002\u7ba1\u5236\u52a0\u6c99\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5360\u9886\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f53\u5730\u6b66\u88c5\u529b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

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1948\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5efa\u56fd\u4e4b\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u62a5\u7eb8\u300aMaariv\u300b\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5728\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u519b\u961f\u5360\u9886\u5766\u56fe\u62c9\u6751\uff08Tantura\uff09\u540e\uff0c\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u4eba\uff08\u5927\u591a\u662f\u5987\u5973\u548c\u513f\u7ae5\uff09\u79bb\u5f00\u8be5\u6751\u65f6\u7684\u60b2\u60e8\u5883\u9047\uff1a\u201c\u8001\u4eba\u865a\u5f31\u5f97\u6fd2\u4e34\u6b7b\u4ea1\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7537\u5b69\u53cc\u817f\u762b\u75ea\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7537\u5b69\u53cc\u624b\u88ab\u780d\u65ad\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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1948\u5e74\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u62ff\u8d77\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u7d22\u53d6\u7531\u4e00\u9879\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u51b3\u5b9a\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u51b3\u5b9a\u5206\u5272\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u63a7\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u571f\u5730\u3002\u5728\u5468\u56f4\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u53d7\u5206\u6cbb\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u53d7\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5ba3\u5e03\u72ec\u7acb\u3002\u57c3\u53ca\u3001\u53d9\u5229\u4e9a\u3001\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u3001\u9ece\u5df4\u5ae9\u548c\u5916\u7ea6\u65e6\u5165\u4fb5\u4e86\u521d\u59cb\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u56fd\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6240\u79f0\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6218\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u73ed\u5fb7\u62c9\u662f\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\uff1a\u4ed6\u66fe\u4e0e\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u653f\u6743\u4f5c\u6597\u4e89\uff1b\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u540e\uff0c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u6570\u5341\u5ea7\u4ed6\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7891\u3002\u4e8c\u6218\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u6d41\u4ea1\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u9886\u5bfc\u6e38\u51fb\u961f\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c1959\u5e74\u88ab\u514b\u683c\u52c3\u7279\u5de5\u6bd2\u6b7b\u3002\u73ed\u5fb7\u62c9\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u60f3\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6743\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u72c2\u70ed\u5206\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6765\u6e90: \u65e5\u65b0\u8bf4 \u6587\u7ae0\u4fe1\u6e90: \u7ebd\u7ea6\u5ba2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u4f5c\u8005: \u739b\u838e\u00b7\u683c\u68ee\uff08Masha Gessen\uff09 \u6b27\u6d32\u88ab\u5bb3\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7891 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15,12],"tags":[5918,16412,16414,16413],"views":135,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63887"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=63887"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63887\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63889,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63887\/revisions\/63889"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=63887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=63887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=63887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}